From Combe Florey he wrote:—
"Everybody here is turning Puseyite. Having worn out my black gown, I preach in my surplice; this is all the change I have made, or mean to make."
In 1842 he wrote to a friend abroad:—
"I have not yet discovered of what I am to die, but I rather believe I shall be burnt alive by the Puseyites. Nothing so remarkable in England as the progress of these foolish people.[177] I have no conception what they mean, if it be not to revive every absurd ceremony, and every antiquated folly, which the common sense of mankind has set to sleep. You will find at your return a fanatical Church of England, but pray do not let it prevent your return. We can always gather together, in Green Street, a chosen few who have never bowed the knee to Rimmon."
It may be questioned whether the Hermit of Green Street was very well qualified to settle the points at issue between the "Puseyites" and himself, or had bestowed very close attention on what is, after all, mainly a question of Documents. In earlier days, when it suited his purpose to argue for greater liberality towards Roman Catholics, he had said:—
"In their tenets, in their church-government, in the nature of their endowments, the Dissenters are infinitely more distant from the Church of England than the Catholics are."
In 1813 he had intervened in the controversy which raged round the cradle of that most pacific institution, the British and Foreign Bible Society, and had taken the unexpectedly clerical view that Churchmen were bound to "circulate the Scriptures with the Prayer Book, in preference to any other method." But he grounded a claim to promotion on the fact that he had "always avoided speculative, and preached practical, religion." He spoke of a "theological" bishop in the sense of dispraise, and linked the epithet with "bitter" and "bustling." Beyond question he had read the Bible, but he was not alarmingly familiar with the sacred text. It is reported[178] that he once referred to the case of the man who puts his hand to the plough and looks back[179] as being "somewhere in the Epistles." He forgot the names of Job's daughters, until reminded by a neighbouring Squire who had called his greyhounds Jemima, Kezia, and Keren-Happuch. He attributed theNunc Dimittisto an author vaguely but conveniently known as "The Psalmist," and by so doing drew down on himself the ridicule of Wilson Croker.[180] It may be questioned whether he ever read the Prayer Book except in Church. With the literature of Christian antiquity he had not, so far as his writings show, the slightest acquaintance; and his knowledge of Anglican divines—Wake, and Cleaver, and Sherlock, and Horsley—has a suspicious air of having been hastily acquired for the express purpose of confuting Bishop Marsh. So we will not cite him as a witness in a case where the highest and deepest mysteries of Revelation are involved, and where a minute acquaintance with documents is an indispensable equipment. We prefer to take leave of him as a Christian preacher, seeking only the edification of his hearers. In a sermon on the Holy Communion, preached from the pulpit of St. Paul's, he delivers this striking testimony to a religious truth, which, if stated in a formal proposition, he would probably have disavowed:—
"If you, who onlypartakeof this Sacrament, cannot fail to be struck with its solemnity, we who not only receive it, but minister it to every description of human beings, in every season of peril and distress, must be intimately and deeply pervaded by that feeling…. To know the power of this Sacrament, give it to him whose doom is sealed, who in a few hours will be no more. The Bread and the Wine are his immense hope! they seem to stand between him and infinite danger, to soothe pain, to calm perturbation, and to inspire immortal courage."
What is the conclusion of the whole matter? It is, in my judgment, that Sydney Smith was a patriot of the noblest and purest type; a genuinely religious man according to his light and opportunity; and the happy possessor of a rich and singular talent which he employed through a long life in the willing service of the helpless, the persecuted, and the poor. To use his own fine phrase, the interests of humanity "got into his heart and circulated with his blood."[181] He wrote and spoke and acted in prompt and uncalculating obedience to an imperious conviction.—
"If," he said, "you ask me who excites me, I answer you, it is that Judge Who stirs good thoughts in honest hearts—under Whose warrant I impeach the wrong, and by Whose help I hope to chastise it."
Here was both the source and the consecration of that glorious mirth by which he still holds his place in the hearts and on the lips of men. His playful speech was the vehicle of a passionate purpose. From his earliest manhood, he was ready to sacrifice all that the sordid world thinks precious for Religious Equality and Rational Freedom.
[145] Eden Upton Eddis (1812-1901).
[146] Miss Holland writes—"His hair, when I know him, was beautifully fine, silvery, and abundant; rathertaillé en brosse, like a Frenchman's."
[147] Lord Houghton.
[148] A hostile reviewer of his Sermons quotes from them such phrases as—"Lays hid," "Has sprang," "Has drank," "Rarely or ever."
[149] See p. 90.
[150] I have not attempted to make a catalogue of these jokes. Such catalogues will be found in the previous Memoirs of Sydney Smith, and in Sir Wemyss Reid's Life of Lord Houghton.
[151] Hugo Charles Meynell-Ingram (1784-1869), of Hoar Cross and Temple Newsam.
[152] (1808-1891), became 7th Duke of Devonshire in 1858.
[153] This insinuation was quite unfounded.
[154] It is pleasant to cite the testimony of Lord Houghton, who assured Mr. Stuart Reid that he "never knew, except once, Sydney Smith to make a jest on anyreligioussubject; and then he immediately withdrew his words and seemed ashamed that he had uttered them."
[155] Spencer Perceval.
[156] Lord Hawkesbury.
[157] See Appendix E.
[158] William IV.
[159] Charles Richard Fox (1796-1873).
[160] Benjamin West (1738-1820).
[161] Benjamin Robert Haydon (1786-1846).
[162] I am indebted for this tradition to the Rev. H.S. Holland, D.D., Canon of St. Paul's.
[163] John Allen was nicknamed "Lady Holland's Atheist."
[164] Bishop of Gloucester.
[165] Bishop of London.
[166] Bishop of Durham.
[167] Bishop of Peterborough.
[168] Quoted by Mr. Stuart Reid.
[169]Præterita, vol. II. chap. ix.
[170] Jane Marcet (1769-1858), authoress ofConversations on Chemistry.
[171]SeeAppendix C.
[172]Comus.
[173] See Appendix D.
[174] Compare his attack on Hobbes, of whom he says that his "dirty recreation" of smoking did not interrupt any "immoral, irreligious, or unmathematical track of thought in which he happened to be engaged."—Lectures on Moral Philosophy, xxvi.
[175] Dixit insipiens in corde suo; Non est Deus.—Psalmxiv.
[176] July 14, 1833. "I have ever considered and kept the day as the start of the religious movement of 1833."—CARDINAL NEWMAN,Apologia.
[177] In early life he wrote from Edinburgh;—"In England, I maintain, (except among ladies in the middle rank of life) there is no religion at all. The Clergy of England have no more influence over the people at large than the Cheesemongers of England."
[178] By Mr. Stuart Reid.
[179] St. Luke ix. 62.
[180] "What can we think of the fitness of a man to address his Queen and his country in thedogmaticalstrain of this pamphlet, who does not know the New Testament from the Old; the Psalms from the Gospel, David from Simeon; who expatiates so pompously on the duty and benefit ofprayer, yet mistakes and miscalls a portion of theCommon Prayer, which he is bound in law and in conscience to repeat every evening of his life."—Quarterly Review, July 1837.
The reference is to the Sermon on the Queen's Accession. The blunder was rectified in a later edition.
[181] He said this of Lord Grey.
Vol. Art. Page. 1 2 18 1 3 24 1 9 83 1 12 94 1 16 113 1 18 122 1 20 128 1 6 314 1 10 382 2 2 30 2 4 53 2 6 86 2 14 136 2 17 172 2 22 202 2 2 287 2 4 330 2 10 398 3 12 146 3 7 334 3 9 355 9 12 177 10 4 299 10 6 329 11 5 341 12 5 82 12 9 151 13 2 25 13 5 77 13 4 333 14 3 40 14 11 145 14 5 353 14 13 490 15 3 40 15 3 299 16 7 158 16 3 326 16 7 399 17 4 330 17 8 393 18 3 325 21 4 93 22 4 67 23 8 189 31 2 44 31 6 132 31 2 295 32 2 28 32 3 309 32 6 111 32 6 389 33 3 68 33 5 91 34 5 109 34 2 320 34 8 242 35 5 92 35 7 123 35 2 286 36 6 110 36 3 353 37 2 325 37 7 432 38 4 85 39 2 43 39 2 299 40 2 31 40 7 427 41 7 143 42 4 367 43 2 299 43 7 395 44 2 47 45 3 74 45 7 423
Of these articles, sixty-five were reprinted by the author and are to be found in hisWorks. Those which he did not reprint are the following:—
Vol. Art. 1 3 2 4 3 1 3 12 3 7 13 5 16 7 17 4 32 6 34 5 34 8 37 2
"We can inform Jonathan what are the inevitable consequences of being too fond of glory; TAXES upon every article which enters into the mouth, or covers the back, or is placed under the foot—taxes upon every thing which it is pleasant to see, hear, feel, smell, or taste—taxes upon warmth, light, and locomotion—taxes on every thing on earth and the waters under the earth, on everything that comes from abroad, or is grown at home—taxes on the raw material—taxes on every fresh value that is added to it by the industry of man—taxes on the sauce which pampers man's appetite, and the drug that restores him to health—on the ermine which decorates the judge, and the rope which hangs the criminal—on the poor man's salt, and the rich man's spice—on the brass nails of the coffin, and the ribands of the bride. At bed or board, couchant or levant, we must pay—the schoolboy whips his taxed top—the beardless youth manages his taxed horse, with a taxed bridle, on a taxed road;—and the dying Englishman, pouring his medicine, which has paid 7 per cent., into a spoon that has paid 15 per cent.—flings himself back upon his chintz bed, which has paid 22 per cent—and expires in the arms of an apothecary who has paid a licence of a hundred pounds for the privilege of putting him to death. His whole property is then immediately taxed front 2 to 10 per cent. Besides the probate, large fees are demanded for burying him in the chancel; his virtues are handed down to posterity on taxed marble; and he is then gathered to his fathers—to be taxed no more."—Review of Seybert's "America" in the Collected Works.
"What would our ancestors say to this, Sir? How does this measure tally with their institutions? How does it agree with their experience? Are we to put the wisdom of yesterday in competition with the wisdom of centuries? (Hear! hear!) Is beardless youth to show no respect for the decisions of mature age? (Loud cries of hear! hear!) If this measure be right, would it have escaped the wisdom of those Saxon progenitors to whom we are indebted for so many of our best political institutions? Would the Dane have passed it over? Would the Norman have rejected it? Would such a notable discovery have been reserved for these modern and degenerate times? Besides, Sir, if the measure itself is good, I ask the Honourable Gentleman if this is the time for carrying it into execution—whether, in fact, a more unfortunate period could have been selected than that which he has chosen? If this were an ordinary measure, I should not oppose it with so much vehemence; but, Sir, it calls in question the wisdom of an irrevocable law—of a law passed at the memorable period of the Revolution. What right have we, Sir, to break down this firm column on which the great men of that age stamped a character of eternity? Are not all authorities against this measure—Pitt, Fox, Cicero, and the Attorney and Solicitor-General? The proposition is new, Sir; it is the first time it was ever heard in this House. I am not prepared, Sir—this House is not prepared, to receive it. The measure implies a distrust of his Majesty's Government; their disapproval is sufficient to warrant opposition. Precaution only is requisite where danger is apprehended. Here the high character of the individuals in question is a sufficient guarantee against any ground of alarm. Give not, then, your sanction to this measure; for, whatever be its character, if you do give your sanction to it, the same man by whom this is proposed, will propose to you others to which it will be impossible to give your consent. I care very little, Sir, for the ostensible measure; but what is there behind? What are the Honourable Gentleman's future schemes? If we pass this bill, what fresh concessions may he not require? What further degradation is he planning for his country? Talk of evil and inconvenience, Sir! look to other countries—study other aggregations and societies of men, and then see whether the laws of this country demand a remedy or deserve a panegyric. Was the Honourable Gentleman (let me ask him) always of this way of thinking? Do I not remember when he was the advocate in this House of very opposite opinions? I not only quarrel with his present sentiments, Sir, but I declare very frankly I do not like the party with which he acts. If his own motives were as pure as possible, they cannot but suffer contamination from those with whom he is politically associated. This measure may be a boon to the constitution, but I will accept no favour to the constitution from such hands. (Loud cries of hear! hear!) I profess myself, Sir, an honest and upright member of the British Parliament, and I am not afraid to profess myself an enemy to all change, and all innovation. I am satisfied with things as they are; and it will be my pride and pleasure to hand down this country to my children as I received it from those who preceded me. The Honourable Gentleman pretends to justify the severity with which he has attacked the Noble Lord who presides in the Court of Chancery, But I say such attacks are pregnant with mischief to Government itself. Oppose Ministers, you oppose Government; disgrace Ministers, you disgrace Government; bring Ministers into contempt, you bring Government into contempt; and anarchy and civil war are the consequences. Besides, Sir, the measure is unnecessary. Nobody complains of disorder in that shape in which it is the aim of your measure to propose a remedy to it. The business is one of the greatest importance; there is need of the greatest caution and circumspection. Do not let us be precipitate, Sir; it is impossible to foresee all consequences. Every thing should be gradual; the example of a neighbouring nation should fill us with alarm! The honourable gentleman has taxed me with illiberality. Sir, I deny the charge. I hate innovation, but I love improvement. I am an enemy to the corruption of Government, but I defend its influence. I dread reform, but I dread it only when it is intemperate. I consider the liberty of the press as the great Palladium of the Constitution; but, at the same time, I hold the licentiousness of the press in the greatest abhorrence. Nobody is more conscious than I am of the splendid abilities of the Honourable Mover, but I tell him at once, his scheme is too good to be practicable. It savours of Utopia. It looks well in theory, but it won't do in practice. It will not do, I repeat, Sir, in practice; and so the advocates of the measure will find, if, unfortunately, it should find its way through Parliament. (Cheers.) The source of that corruption to which the Honourable Member alludes, is in the minds of the people; so rank and extensive is that corruption, that no political reform can have any effect in removing it. Instead of reforming others—instead of reforming the State, the Constitution, and every thing that is most excellent, let each man reform himself! let him look at home, he will find there enough to do, without looking abroad, and aiming at what is out of his power. (Loud Cheers). And now, Sir, as it is frequently the custom in this House to end with a quotation, and as the gentleman who preceded me in the debate has anticipated me in my favourite quotation of the 'Strong pull and long pull,' I shall end with the memorable words of the assembled barons—Nolumus leges Angliae mutari'"—Review of Bentham's "Book of Fallacies" in the Collected Works.
"It is of some importance at what period a man is born. A young man, alive at this period, hardly knows to what improvements of human life he has been introduced; and I would bring before his notice the following eighteen changes which have taken place in England since I first began to breathe in it the breath of life—a period amounting now to nearly seventy-three years.
"Gas was unknown: I groped about the streets of London in all but the utter darkness of a twinkling oil lamp, under the protection of watchmen in their grand climacteric, and exposed to every species of depredation and insult.
"I have been nine hours in sailing from Dover to Calais before the invention of steam. It took me nine hours to go from Taunton to Bath, before the invention of railroads, and I now go in six hours from Taunton to London! In going from Taunton to Bath, I suffered between 10,000 and 12,000 severe contusions, before stone-breaking Macadam was born.
"I paid £15 in a single year for repairs of carriage-springs on the pavement of London; and I now glide without noise or fracture, on wooden pavements.
"I can walk, by the assistance of the police, from one end of London to the other, without molestation; or, if tired, get into a cheap and active cab, instead of those cottages on wheels, which the hackney coaches were at the beginning of my life.
"I had no umbrella! They were little used, and very dear. There were no waterproof hats, andmyhat has often been reduced by rains into its primitive pulp.
"I could not keep my smallclothes in their proper place, for braces were unknown. If I had the gout, there was no colchicum. If I was bilious, there was no calomel. If I was attacked by ague, there was no quinine. There were filthy coffee-houses instead of elegant clubs. Game could not be bought. Quarrels about Uncommuted Tithes were endless. The corruptions of Parliament, before Reform, infamous. There were no banks to receive the savings of the poor. The Poor Laws were gradually sapping the vitals of the country; and, whatever miseries I suffered, I had no post to whisk my complaints for a single penny to the remotest corners of the empire; and yet, in spite of all these privations, I lived on quietly, and am now ashamed that I was not more discontented, and utterly surprised that all these changes and inventions did not occur two centuries ago.
"I forgot to add that, as the basket of stage-coaches, in which luggage was then carried, had no springs, your clothes were rubbed all to pieces; and that even in the best society one third of the gentlemen at least were always drunk."—"Modern Changes" in the Collected Works.
"The longer I live, the more I am convinced that the apothecary is of more importance than Seneca; and that half the unhappiness in the world proceeds from little stoppages, from a duct choked up, from food pressing in the wrong place, from a vext duodenum, or an agitated pylorus.
"The deception, as practised upon human creatures, is curious and entertaining. My friend sups late; he eats some strong soup, then a lobster, then some tart, and he dilutes these esculent varieties with wine. The next day I call upon him. He is going to sell his house in London, and to retire into the country. He is alarmed for his eldest daughter's health. His expenses are hourly increasing, and nothing but a timely retreat can save him from ruin. All this is the lobster; and, when over-excited nature has had time to manage this testaceous encumbrance, the daughter recovers, the finances are in good order, and every rural idea effectually excluded from the mind.
"In the same manner old friendships are destroyed by toasted cheese, and hard salted meat has led to suicide. Unpleasant feelings of the body produce correspondent sensations in the mind, and a great scene of wretchedness is sketched out by a morsel of indigestible and misguided food. Of such infinite consequence to happiness is it to study the body."—Quoted by Lady Holland in her "Memoir of Sydney Smith."
"I am sorry that I did not, in the execution of my self-created office as a reviewer, take an opportunity in this, or some other military work, to descant a little upon the miseries of war; and I think this has been unaccountably neglected in a work abounding in useful essays, and ever on the watch to propagate good and wise principles. It is not that human beings can live without occasional wars, but they may live with fewer wars, and take more just views of the evils which war inflicts upon mankind. If three men were to have their legs and arms broken, and were to remain all night exposed to the inclemency of weather, the whole country would be in a state of the most dreadful agitation. Look at the wholesale death of a field of battle, ten acres covered with dead, and half dead, and dying; and the shrieks and agonies of many thousand human beings. There is more of misery inflicted upon mankind by one year of war, than by all the civil peculations and oppressions of a century. Yet it is a state into which the mass of mankind rush with the greatest avidity, hailing official murderers, in scarlet, gold, and cocks' feathers, as the greatest and most glorious of human creatures. It is the business of every wise and good man to set himself against this passion for military glory, which really seems to be the most fruitful source of human misery.
"What would be said of a party of gentlemen who were to sit very peaceably conversing for half an hour, and then were to fight for another half hour, then shake hands, and at the expiration of thirty minutes fight again? Yet such has been the state of the world between 1714 and 1815, a period in which there was in England as many years of war as peace. Societies have been instituted for the preservation of peace, and for lessening the popular love of war. They deserve every encouragement. The highest praise is due to Louis Philippe for his efforts to keep Europe in peace,"—Footnote to Review of "Letters from a Mahratta Camp" in the Collected Works.
Abbot, The(Scott), 208. Advocates, duties of, 102. Allen, John, 84, 206. Althorp, Lord, 173.America, Seybert's,Review of, 227-228. American affairs, 190,195,199. —— War of Independence, 140.Anastasius(Hope), 209.Apologia(Newman), 76, 221 n. Aristotle, 36. Auckland, Lord, 161. Austin, Mrs, 145 n., 153.
Bacon, 36.Ballot, the, 177.Banks, Sir Joseph, 187.Barrington, Bishop, 16.Beach, Hicks-, family, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22.Beaconsfield, Lord, 128,161,162 n.Beattie, 35.Bedford, Duke of, 18,Benefices, inequality of, 164, 168, seq., 171.Bennet, Lady Mary, 85, 205.Berkeley, Bishop, 35.Bernard, Mr. Thomas, 30, 31, 39.Bethell, Bishop, 78.Bishops, powers of, 165 seq.Blomfield, Bishop, 79, 173, 175, 176, 207.Book of Fallacies(Bentham),Review of, 228-230.Bossuet, 49.Bowles, John, 26.Bride of Lammermoor, The(Scott), 209.Brougham, Lord, 18, 24, 25, 26, 128.Brown, Thomas (metaphysician), 18, 25, 34.Burke, 198, 215.Butler, George, Head-master of Harrow, 78.Byron, 3, 26 n.
Camden, Lord, 63Campbell, Lord, 161.Canning, 3, 48 50, 60, 61, 62, 63, 124, 125, 198.Carey, William (missionary), 180, 181.Carlisle, Lord, 87.——seeHoward.Carr, Bishop, 145 n.Castlereagh, Lord, 55, 56, 63, 140.Cathedral property, 164, 168 seq., 171 seq.Catholic Question, 42, 43, 45-76, 106 seq.—— Church, Roman, 115.Catholicism, Roman, 221.Channing, 191 n.Charlemont, Lady, 161.Charles I., 119.—— II., 119.Church, Dean, 91.Church of England, 46, 77 seq., 108, 121, 178.Church Reform, 163-176.Clarendon, Lord, 161.Classics, study of, 10.Clergy, English, 91, 106, 163, 221, 222.—— non-residence of, 77 seq.—— Catholic, education of, 53.Coercion of Ireland, 69.Combe Florey, Somerset, 131, 132 seq., 142.Commission, Ecclesiastical, 163 seq.Constable (publisher), 26.Contempt of Wealth(Seneca), 176.Copley,seeLyndhurst.Cornewall, Bishop, 145 n.Coronation Oath, 47, 165.Cottenham, Lord, 161.Courtenay, Bishop, 78.Cowper, 3.Croker, John Wilson, 168, 221.Cromwell, 117.Cromwell, Henry, 120 n.
Davy, Sir Humphry, 87.Denman, Lord, 161.Devonshire, William Cavendish, 7th Duke of, 196.Dickens, Charles, 209.Disabilities, Catholic, 65 seq., 113 seq.Don Juan(Byron), 44 n.Dryden, 207.Dudley, Lord,seeWard.Duigenan, Patrick, 107,Dundas, Henry (Viscount Melville), 7 n., 21, 24, 140.Dunstanville, Lady, 161.Durham, Lord, 88.
Eastlake, Mr., 161. Ecclesiastical Commission, 163 seq. Education, 135-56; public school, 5, 6. value of Classical, 5 seq. Edinburgh, 28. —— University, 17 seq.Edinburgh Review, 21 seq., 86, 90, 177, 183, 207, 208, 217, 219. —— —— Sydney Smith's contributions to, 26, 27, 40, 90, 91, 92 seq. 126, 177, 184, 226, 227. Eldon, Lord, 25, 56, 140.Elementary Sketches of Moral Philosophy, 33 seq. Elizabeth, Queen, 47, 119. Ellenborough, Lord, 115 n. Emancipation, Catholic, 65, 106 seq., 128, 136 n., 140.Endymion(Beaconsfield), 128 n. England at the beginning of the nineteenth century, 25.English Bards and Scotch Reviewers(Byron), 26 n., 11 n.English Church in the Nineteenth Century(Overton), 16 n.Enquirer(Godwin), 89. Epitaph on Pitt, Sydney Smith's, 40, 41. Erskine, Lord, 11. Essex, Lord, 160 n. Evangelical clergy, 178, 183; Revival, 219.Evangelical Magazine, 179.
Ferguson, 35.Fitzgerald, William Vesey, 125.Foston-le-Clay, 41, 78 seq.Fox, Miss, 87.—— (martyrologist), 119.—— General, 203, 204.France and Ireland, 57, 60, 61, 62, 68.Fry, Mrs., 85.
Game Laws, 85Gas, introduction of, 88, 231.George III., 40, 42, 68, 71.—— IV, 124, 125, 135.Gladstone, 49, 163, 190 n.Gleanings, 163 n.Glenelg, Lord, 161.Goderich, Lord, 125.Godwin, William, 89.Gower, Leveson-, Lady, 87 n.Granby(Lister), 209.Grattan, Henry, 29, 56, 184.Grenville, Lord, 40, 41, 55, 75.Greville, Charles, 135, 153.Grey, Lord, 44, 88, 112, 136, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 151, 196, 197, 225.—— Lady, 112.Grote, 177, 211."Gunpowder Treason," Sermon on, 128, 154.
Habit, Lecture on, 38.Halford, Sir Henry, 83.Hallam, 163.Harcourt, Vernon-, Archbishop, 79 n., 88, 107.—— William, 107.—— Miss Georgiana, 190, 191.Harrowby, Lord, 107.Hawkesbury, Lord, 59, 60, 201 n.Haydon (painter), 204,Heart of Midlothian(Scott), 208.Henley, Lord, 41 n.Henry VIII., 119.Hermann, 175.Hibbert, Nathaniel, 23, 125, 161.Hill, John, 17.History of Roman Jurisprudence(Terrasson), 90.Hobbes, 216 n.Hoche, General, 49.Holland, Lady (Sydney Smith's daughter), 5, 22, 192, 214.SeeSmith, Saba.—— Sir Henry, 23, 161, 192.—— Miss Caroline, 193.—— Lady (Elizabeth Vassall), 30, 36, 40, 41, 79, 80, 87, 161, 167 n.,203, 213—— Lord, 29, 40, 41, 75, 87, 128, 206, 212.—— Scott, Canon, 205Holy Living and Dying(Jeremy Taylor), 130.Hope, Mr., 161.—— Thomas, 209.Horner, Francis, 18, 25, 29, 32.Houghton, Lord, 32, 144 n., 194 n., 198 n.Lifeof (Sir Wemyss Reid), 195 n.Howard, William (Earl of Carlisle), 110.—— Mrs. Henry, 83 n.Howick, Lord, 56.Howley, Archbishop, 3.Hume, 34 n., 35.
Improvements, Modern, 230-232.Ingram, Meynell-, H.C., 196.Invasion of England, 55.Ireland, Roman Catholics of, 48.Irish Question,seeCatholic.Ivanhoe(Scott), 208.
James I., 119.Jeffrey (Edinburgh Review), 18, 24 seq., 31, 32, 36, 80, 87, 181, 195,199, 217.Judges, duties of, 97 seq.—— Sermon to, 96 seq."Junius," 198.Juries, Irish, 66, 67.
Keble, 151 n., 221.Keogh, Mr., 57.
Labouchere, Henry, 161. Landseer, 161. Langdale, Lord, 161. Lansdowne, Lord, 18. Lauderdale, Earl of, 44, 87, 88. Laws, the Penal, 117, 120. Lawyers, Sermon to, 101.Lays of Ancient Rome(Macaulay), 209.Lectures on Moral Philosophy, 31, 33 seq., 216 n. Lee, Professor, 169. Lemon, Sir Charles, 161.Letter to the Electors upon the Catholic Question, 112Letters to Archdeacon Singleton, 163 seq., 167 seq., 195.Letters from a Mahratta Camp, Review of, 233.Letters(Pascal), 76.Liberty of Prophesying(Jeremy Taylor), 130 n. Lister, Thomas Henry, 209. Liverpool, Lord, 124. Livings, Poor, 164, 168 seq., 171. Locke, 207. Londonderry, Marquis of, 63 n. Longman (publisher), 26. Lords, House of, speech on, 148. Louis XIV., 128. Luttrell, Henry, 29, 87, 132, 161. Lyndhurst, Lord, 124, 125.
Macaulay, 76, 84 n., 86 n., 122, 123, 141, 193, 195, 209.Mackintosh, Sir James, 29, 87, 184, 185, 207.Maltby, Bishop, 207.Marcet, Alexander, 29, 87.Marcet, Mrs., 87, 210.Markham, Archbishop, 41.Marsh, Bishop, 91 seq., 207.Martyrology, English, 119.Mary, Queen, 47.Massinger, 207.Melbourne, Lord, 144 n., 161, 173, 178 n.Methodism, 178, 179-183.Methodist Magazine, 178.Meynell,seeIngram.Mildert, Van, Bishop, 77.Milman, Dean, 152.Milner, Isaac, 92.Milton, 207.Mind, Lectures on, 32.Missions, Indian, 179, 180.Missionary Society, Baptist, 180.Modern Painters(Ruskin), 210.Monk, Bishop, of Gloucester, 173, 174, 207.Montaigne, 208.Monteagle, Lord, 161.Montgomery, "Satan," 195.Monuments, National, 153, 205.Moore, Thomas, 206.More, Hannah, 16, 183.Morley, Lady, 151.Morpeth, Lord, 88.Murray, Lord, 24, 25, 76, 217.Musical Festivals, 206.
Napoleon, 43, 47, 50, 51, 57, 61, 62, 64, 202. Netheravon, 14 seq. Newman, Cardinal, 221 n. Newton, Bishop, 77.Nicholas Nickleby(Dickens), 209.Noodle's Oration, 188, 228. Norfolk, Duke of, 113.
O'Connell, 106, 128.Orangemen, 65.Oswald, 35.Oxford, 9, 13.Oxford Movement, 151 n., 219.
Paley, 217, 218. Palmerston, 3.Paradise Lost, parody of, 159. Paris, 122, 162. "Partington, Mrs," Speech, 148. Pascal, 76. Peace, blessings of, 156-7, 191, 202. Peel, 3, 32, 125, 161. Pelham, Bishop, 78. Perceval, Spencer, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 57, 59, 61, 62, 63, 65, 70, 72, 73, 78, 124, 140, 198, 201 n., 221. —— Charles George, 73 n.Persecuting Bishops, 88 n., 91,195, 207. Persecution, Religious, 117 seq., 200.Peter Plymley's Letters, 43, 44, 45-76, 195, 197. Petre, Catholic family, 117.Peveril of the Peak(Scott), 209. Philips, Sir George, 34 n., 88, 89. Phillips, J.S.R., 110. Philosophy, Moral, Lectures on, 31, 33seq., 216 n.Pirate, The(Scott), 208. Pitt, 7n 22, 40, 41, 50, 51, 75, 106. Plato, 35. Playfair, John, 17, 25. Pluralities, Church, 77 seq. "Pocket Boroughs," 137 seq.Poetical Medicine Chest, The, 83. Pope, 207.Praeterita(Ruskin), 210, Preaching, 19seq. Prebends, confiscation of, 164, 168, seq.Provincial Letters(Pascal), 76, Puseyites, 222-3. Pybus, John, 22.
Quarterly Review, 139, 224 n.
RRaikes, Robert, 15.Railways, Mismanagement of, 189, 190,Records of the Creation(Bishop ofChester), 90.Redesdale, Lord, 56.Reform Bill, 136 seq., 147-149, 199.Reform, Speech on, 139 seq., 142-144.Reid, Mr. Stuart, 16, 83, 86, 111, 198, 209 n.—— (philosopher), 34.Religion in England, 222 n.Retaliation, Policy of, 62, 72.Revolution of 1688, 53, 54, 117.—— French, 135, 201.Riots, Bristol, 202.Rogers, Samuel, 29, 87, 160Romilly, Sir Samuel, 29.Rose, Mr., 63.Rousseau, 80.Ruskin, 210.Russell, Lord John, 42, 123, 138, 140, 167, 172.Life of(Walpole), 62n.
Sadler, Michael Thomas, 139. Salaries, Bishops', 172. Scarlett, James (Lord Abinger), 29. Schools, Public, 3, 5seq., 10, 131n. Scotch, The, 28, 54. Scott, 18, 208, 209. Selwyn, George Augustus, 189. Seneca, 176. Sermons, extracts from, 20, 21, 96, 97-105, 220, 224-5. Sévigné, Madame de, 208. Seymour, Lord, 19. Shakespeare, 207. Sharp, "Conversation," 29. Sheil, 106. Sidmouth, Lord, 64. Simeon, Charles, 91. Singleton, Archdeacon, 163, 167 seq. Slave Trade, 199. Smith, Sydney—ancestry, 1. birth, 2. schooldays, 2. life at Winchester, 3 seq. goes to Normandy to perfect his French, 9. enters New College, Oxford, 9. Fellow, 9. straitened circumstances, 9. choice of a profession, 12. ordained Deacon, 13. Priest, 14 n. Curate of Netheravou, 13. tutor to Hicks-Beach family, 17. goes to Edinburgh, 17. sermons at Charlotte Chapel, 18 seq. publishes volume of sermons, 19, 21. marriage, 22. children, 23. founds theEdinburgh Review, 24. leaves Edinburgh for London, 27. forms various friendships, 29. lectures at the Royal Institution, 31.Elementary Sketches of Moral Philosophy, 33. various duties in London, 39. increasing prominence, 39. preferred to the living of Foston-le-Clay, 41.Peter Plymley's Letters, 43. life at Foston-le-Clay, 79 seq. visits his friends in Edinburgh, 88. scheme of study at Foston, 89.Persecuting Bishops, 91. attack on Bishop March, 91. efforts on behalf of Catholic Emancipation, 106 seq. Rector of Londesborough, 110.Letter to the Electors on the Catholic Question, 112. improved financial condition, 112. visit to Paris, 122. promoted to prebendal stall at Bristol Cathedral, 125. severs his connection with theEdinburgh Review, 125. preaches sermon on "Gunpowder Treason," 129. death of his eldest son, 130. moves to Combe Flozey, Somerset, 131.Speech to the Freeholders on Reform, 138. Canon of St. Paul's, 145. presented at Court, 146. leads a less strenuous life, 149. official relations with St. Paul's, 152. life in London, 159. marriage of his eldest daughter, 161. goes to Paris again, 162. summit of his social fame, 163.Letters to Archdeacon Singleton, 163, 167. inherits a fortune from his brother, 176. publishes reprint of articles inEdinburgh Review, 177. decreasing health, 189. last illness and death, 192. as father, 131, 161. preacher, 19, 86, 96-105, 110, 123, 129, 130, 134, 153 seq. politician, 21, 22, 29, 40, 42, 84, 136 seg., 147 seq., 167, 199. lecturer, 31 seq. letter-writer, 80, 123, 124, 126, 189, 190. pastor, 79 seq., 110, 135 n., 141. student, 89, 207. motives in writing, 27. philosophical attainments, 33 seq. versatility, 33, 81, 195. methods of writing, 84, 90, 133. a rapid reader and reviewer, 90. style, 194. humour, 195-198. occasional coarseness, 197. controversial methods, 197-199. judgment of various authors, 207 seq. affectionate and sympathetic nature, 21, 85, 131, 133, 184, 211, 212, 216. honesty and outspokenness, 21, 124, 129. financial affairs, 27, 33, 41, 121, 125, 145. friends, 29, 84, 87, 88, 151, 161. tolerant nature, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45 seq., 106 seq., 130, 136. fancy for dabbling in medicine, 12, 18, 82, 83, 123, 133, 134, 210, 232. personal appearance, 122, 154, 193. chief pleasures, 133. general good qualities, 152, 153. not a lover of the country, 159-160. love of fun, 185-189, 191. manner in society, 194. a friend of Freedom, 199. lover of Peace, 202-204. his æsthetic sense, 204 seq. attitude towards Music, 205-206. theories of life, 210-216. temperance, 212 seq. religious views, 216 seq. some shortcomings, 219-224. summary of his character, 225.Smith, Sydney, Memoirs of(Lady Holland), 232. —— Robert (father), 2. —— James (uncle), 2. —— Mrs.,néeOlier (mother), 2, 12, 212. —— Robert (brother), 2, 29. —— Cecil (brother), 2. —— Courtenay (brother), 2, 9, 176. —— Marie (sister), 2. —— Mrs.,néePybus (wife), 22, 30, 33, 80, 86, 87, 131, 134, 135. —— Saba (daughter), 23, 81, 150, 161, 214. —— Douglas (son), 23, 37, 81, 83, 130, 131. —— Emily (daughter), 23, 37, 81, 125, 150. —— Wyndham (son), 23, 81. —— Adam, 34, 89. Smollett, 198. Somerset, Duke of, 18. Somerville, Lord, 56. Spencer, Hon. and Rev. George, 91. Stanley, Bishop, 78. Stephen, Sir Leslie, 217. Stewart, Dugald, 17, 18, 25, 34, 36. Stourton, Lord, 117. Stowell, Lord, 42. Strathaden, Lady, 161. Styles, Rev. John, 182, 183. Sumner, Archbishop, 79 n., 169. Sunday-schools, 15, 16 n., 17. Swift, 75, 76, 198.
Tait, Archbishop, 179, 180.Tale of a Tub(Swift), 195.Talfourd, Thomas Noon, 173.Tankerville, Lord, 87, 88.Taste, Lectures on, 31.Taxes, 227.Temperance, 212-214.Terrasson, 90.Thomson (poet), 25, 207.Thurloe, Lord, 120 n.Ticknor, George, 27, 153, 193.Tithes, Irish, 70.Toleration, Religious, 63, 64, 72, 157.—— Sermons on, 41, 42, 128, 154.Travels in South America(Waterton), 38, 185 seq.Troy, Cardinal, 57.
Union of Great Britain and Ireland, 54, 57.Universities, the, 10, 11, 12, 152.Utilitarianism, 210-211.
Valpy, Richard, 78.Vernon, Miss, 87.Victoria, Queen, Sermon on Accession of, 154, 155, 224 n.Villages, life in, 14 seq.Voltaire, 80, 113.
Wall, Mr. Baring, 161.Walpole, Horace, 207.Walpole, Sir Spencer, 145 n.War, horrors of, 156, 157, 191, 202-204, 233.Ward, John William (Lord Dudley), 29.Waterton, O., 38, 185 n.Watson, Bishop, 77.Waverley(Scott), 208.Wellington, Duke of, 125, 136, 143, 149.West, Benjamin, 204.Wetherell, Sir Charles, 139.Whewell, Dr., 32.Wilberforce, Bishop, 189.Wilkie, Sir David, 39.William iv., 135, 138, 141, 142, 143, 155, 202 n.Wilton, Rev. Richard, 110.Winchester College, 2, 3, 5.Wordsworth, 208.Wrangham, Francis, 107.
Yorkshire Gazette, 109 n., 110. ——Herald, 109 n.
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