Chapter 71

Fore-ordination, its nature, 355, 381the basis of foreknowledge, 356distinguished from foreknowledge, 781Forms of thought are facts of nature, 10Fourth gospel, its genuineness, 151Free agency defined, 360can predict its action, 360Freedom, man's, consistent with the divine decrees, 359-362four senses of word, 361of indifference, 362of choice, which is not incompatible with the complete bondage of will, 509, 510remnants of, left to man, 510, 640Freundlos war der grosse Weltenmeister, 386FürsehungandVorsehungcombined in“Providence,”419Future life, the evidence of Jewish belief in a, 994Egyptian ideas about, 995Moses instructed in Egyptian“learning”concerning, 995proof-texts for, 996doctrine of Pharisees supports, 996Christ's argument for, 996argument for, presupposes the existence of a truthful, wise and good creator, 996the most conclusive proof of, Christ's resurrection, 997Christ taught the doctrine of, 997a revelation of, needed, 997Futurist method of interpreting Revelation, 1009Galton's view of piety, 83Ganoids, the first geologic fishes, 470Gemachte, das, sin is, 566Genealogies of Scripture, 229Generation, as applied to the Son, 340-343spontaneous, 389Genuineness of the Christian documents, 143-154of the books of O. T., 165-172Genus apotelesmaticum, 686idiomaticum, 686majestaticum, 686Genus tapeinoticon, 686Gesetz, 533Gethsemane, 677, 731Gewordene, das, is not sin, 566Glory, final state of righteous, 1029his own, why God's end in creation?, 397-402Gnostic Ebionism, 669, 670Gnostics, 20, 378, 383, 487God, the subject of theology, though aprehended by faith, yet a subject of science, 3human mind can recognize God, 4though not phenomenal, can be known, 5because of analogies between his nature and ours, can be known, 7though no adequate image of, can be formed, yet may be known, 7since all predicates of God are not negative, he may be known, 9so limited and defined, that he may be known, 10his laws of thought ours, and so he may be known, 10can reveal himself by external revelation, 12revealed in nature, history, conscience, Scripture, 14Christ the only revealer of, 14the existence of, 52-110definitions of the term, 52his existence a first truth, or rational intuition, 52his existence conditions observation and reasoning, 52his existence rises into consciousness on reflection on phenomena of nature and mind, 52knowledge of his existence, universal, 56-58knowledge of his existence, necessary, 58, 59knowledge of his existence, logically independent of and prior to, all other knowledge, 59-62other suggested sources of our idea of, 62-67idea of, not from external revelation, 62, 63idea of, not from tradition, 63idea of, not from experience, 63-65idea of, not from sense perception and reflection, 63, 64idea of, not from race-experience, 64, 65idea of, not from actual contact of our sensitive nature with God, 65rational intuition of, sometimes becomes presentative, 65idea of, does not arise from reasoning, 65, 66[pg 1080]faith in, not proportioned to strength of reasoning faculty, 65we know more of, than reasoning can furnish, 65, 66idea of, not derived from inference, 66, 67belief in, not a mere working hypothesis, 67intuition of, its contents, 67-70what he is, men to some extent know intuitively, 67a presentative intuition of, possible, 67a presentative intuition of, perhaps normal experience, 67loss of love has weakened rational intuition of, 67the passage of the intuition of, into personal and presentative knowledge, 68his existence not proved but assumed and declared in Scripture, 68evidence of his existence inlaid in man's nature, 68knowledge of, though intuitive may be explicated and confirmed by argument, 71the intuition of, supported by arguments probable and cumulative, 71the intuition of, explicated by reflection and reasoning, 72arguments for existence of, classified, 72Cosmological Argument for his existence, 73-75its proper statement, 73its defects, 73, 74its value, 74, 75Teleological Argument for his existence, 75-80its nature, 75-78its defects, 78-80its value, 80Anthropological Argument for his existence, 80-85its nature, 80-83its defects, 84its value, 84, 85Historical Argument for his existence, 85Biblical Argument for his existence, 85Ontological Argument for his existence, 85-89its three forms, 85, 86its defects, 87its value, 87-89evidence of his existence from the intellectual starting-point, 88evidence of his existence from the religious starting-point, 88the nature, decrees and works of, 243-370the attributes of, 243-306his acts and words arise from settled dispositions, 243his dispositions inhere in a spiritual substance, 243his attributes, definition of, 244relation of his attributes to his essence, 244-246his attributes have an objective existence, 244his attributes are distinguishable from his essence and from each other, 244regarded falsely as being of absolute simplicity, 244he is a being infinitely complex, 245nominalistic notion, its error, 245his attributes inhere in his essence, 245, 246is not a compound of attributes, 245extreme realism, its danger, 245attributes of, belong to his essence, 245his attributes distinguished from personal distinctions in his Godhead, 246his attributes distinguished from his relations to the world, 246illustrated by intellect and will in man, 246his attributes essential to his being, 246his attributes manifest his essence, 246in knowing his attributes, we know the being to whom attributes belong, 246his attributes, methods of determining, 246, 247rational method of determining, 247threeviæof rational method of determining his attributes, 247Biblical method, 247his attributes, how classified, 247-249absolute or immanent, 247his relative or transitive attributes, 247his attributes, a threefold division of the relative or transitive, 248his attributes, schedule of, 248order in which they present themselves to the mind, 248his moral perfection involves relation of himself to himself, 249his absolute or immanent attributes, 249-275his spirituality, 249-254is not matter, 249is not dependent upon matter, 249the material universe, not his sensorium, 250his spirituality not denied by anthropomorphic Scriptures, 250pictures of him, degrading, 250desire for an incarnate God, satisfied in Christ, 251[pg 1081]his spirituality involves life and personality, 251, 252life as an attribute of, 251life in, has a subject, 251life in, not correspondence with environment, 251life in, is mental energy, the source of universal being and activity, 252personality, an attribute of, 252his personality, its content, 252his infinity, its meaning, 254his infinity, a positive idea, 254does not involve identity with 'The All,', 255intensive rather than extensive, 255his infinity enables him to love infinitely the single Christian, 256his infinity qualifies his other attributes, 256what his infinity involves, 256-260his self-existence, what?, 256he iscausa sui, 256his aseity, what?, 256exists by necessity of his own being, 257his immutability, what?, 257said to change, how explained, 257his immutability secures his adaptation to the changing conditions of his children, 258his immutability consistent with the execution in time of his eternal purposes, 258permits activity and freedom, 258his unity, what?, 259notion of more than one, self-contradictory and unphilosophical, 259his unity not inconsistent with Trinity, 259his unity, its lessons, 259his perfection, explanation of the term, 260involves moral attributes, 260-275himself, a sufficient object for his own activity, 260his truth, what?, 260his immanent truth to be distinguished from veracity and faithfulness, 260he is truth, as the truth that is known, 261his truth, a guarantee of revelation, and ground of eternal divine self-contemplation, 262his love, what?, 263his immanent love to be distinguished from mercy and goodness, 263his immanent love finds a personal object in his own perfection, 263his immanent love, not his all-inclusive ethical attribute, 263his immanent love, not a regard for mere being in general, 263his immanent love, not a mere emotional or utilitarian affection, 264his immanent love, rational and voluntary, 264his immanent love subordinates its emotional element to truth and holiness, 265his immanent love has its standard in his holiness, and a perfect object in the image of his own infinite perfections, 265his immanent love, a ground of his blessedness, 265his immanent love involves the possibility of his suffering on account of sin, which suffering is atonement, 266is passible, 266blessedness consistent with sorrow, 266a suffering being, a N. T. thought, 267his passibility, authors on, 267his holiness, self-affirming purity, 268his holiness, not its expression, justice, 269his holiness is not an aggregate of perfections, but simple and distinct, 269his holiness is not utilitarian self-love, 270his holiness is neither love nor its manifestation, 271his holiness is purity of substance, 273his holiness is energy of will, 273his holiness is God's self-willing, 274his holiness is purity willing itself, 274his holiness, authors on, 275his relative or transitive attributes, 275-295his eternity, defined, 275his eternity, infinity in its relation to time, 276regards existing time as an objective reality, 277in what sense the past, present and future are to him 'one eternal now,', 277his immensity, what?, 278not under law of space, 279is not in space, 279space is in him, 279to him space has an objective reality, 279his omnipresence, what?, 279his omnipresence not potential but essential, 280in what sense he“dwells in Heaven,”, 280his omnipresence mistaken by Socinian and Deist, 280[pg 1082]his whole essence present in every part of his universe at the same time, 281his omnipresence not necessary, but free, 283his omniscience, what?, 283his omniscience, from what deducible, 283its characteristics, as free from all imperfections, 283his knowledge direct, 283his omniscience, Egyptian symbol of, 283his intense scrutiny, 283knows things as they are, 284foreknows motives and acts by immediate knowledge, 284his prescience not causative, 286his omniscience embraces the actual and the possible, 286his omniscience called in Scripture“wisdom,”, 286his omnipotence, what?, 286his omnipotence does not extend to the self contradictory or the contradictory to his own nature, 287has power over his own power, 287can do all he will, not will do all he can, 287has a will-power over his nature-power, 287his omnipotence implies power of self-limitation, 288his omnipotence permits human freedom, 288his omnipotence humbles itself in the incarnation, 288his attributes which have relation to moral being, 288-295his veracity and faithfulness, or transitive truth, 288his veracity secures the consistency of his revelations with himself, and with each other, 288his veracity secures the fulfilment of all promises expressed or implied, 289his mercy and goodness, or transitive love, 289his mercy, what?, 289his goodness, what?, 289his love finds its object in his own nature, 290his love, men its subordinate objects, 290his justice and righteousness or transitive holiness, 290his righteousness, what?, 291his justice, what?, 291his justice and righteousness not mere benevolence, nor so founded in the nature of things as to be apart from God, 291his justice and righteousness are revelations of his inmost nature, 292do not bestow reward, 293are devoid of passion and caprice, 294revulsion of his nature from impurity and selfishness, 294his attributes, rank and relations, 295-303his attributes related, 295his moral attributes more jealously guarded than his natural, 295his fundamental attribute is holiness, 296may be merciful, but must be holy, 296his holiness put most prominently in Scripture, 296his holiness, its supremacy asserted by conscience, 296his holiness conditions exercise of other attributes, 297his holiness, a principle in his nature which must be satisfied before he can redeem, 298his holiness, the ground of moral obligation, 298-303commands us to be holy on the ground of his own holiness, 302as holy, the object of the love that fulfils the law, 302his holy will, Christ, our example, supremely devoted to, 302the Doctrine of the Trinity in the One God, 304-352seeTrinity.iscausa sui, 338is“self willing right,”338relations sustained by, in virtue of personal distinctions, 343unity and threeness equally essential to, 346independence and blessedness of, require Trinity, 347Doctrine of his Decrees, 353-370definition of his decrees, itemized, 353-355evil acts, how objects of the decrees of, 354his permissive, not conditional agency, 354his decrees, how classified, 355his decrees referred to in Scripture and supported by reason, 355-359can preserve from sin without violation of moral agency, 366his works, or the execution of his decrees, 371-464not a demiurge working on eternal matter, 391his supreme end in creation, his own glory, 397-402[pg 1083]“his own sake,”the fundamental reason of activity in, 399his self expression not selfishness, but benevolence, 400the only Being who can rightly live for himself, 401that he will secure his end in creation, the great source of comfort, 401his rest, a new exercise of power, 411not“the soul of the universe,”411the physical universe in no sense independent of, 413has disjoined in the free will of intelligent beings a certain amount of force from himself, 414the perpetual Observer, 415does not work all, but all in all, 418represented sometimes by Hebrew writers as doing what he only permits, 424his agency, natural and moral, distinguished, 441his Fatherhood, 474-476implied in man's divine sonship, 474extends in a natural relation to all, 474provides the atonement, 474special, towards those who believe, 474secures the natural and physical sonship of all men, 474this natural sonship preliminary in some to a spiritual sonship, 474texts referring to, in a natural or common sense, 474in the larger sense, what it implies, 474natural, mediated by Christ, 474texts referring to, in a special sense, 474, 475to the race rudimental to the actual realization in Christ, 475extends to those who are not his children, 475controversy on the doctrine mere logomachy, 475as announced by Jesus, a relation of love and holiness, 475if not true, then selfishness logical, 475this relationship realized in a spiritual sense through atoning and regenerating grace, 475logical outcome of the denial of, 475, 476universal ground for accepting, 476authors upon, 476our knowledge of, conditioned by love, 519, 520“God prays”fulfilled in Christ, 675reflected in universe, 714the immanent, is Christ, the Logos, 714exercises his creative, preserving and providential activity through Christ, 714the Revealer of, is Christ, the Logos, 714personal existence grounded in him, 714all perceptions or recognitions of the objective through him, 714as Universal Reason, at the basis of our self consciousness and thinking, 714, 715is the common conscience, over finite, individual consciences, 715the eternal suffering of, on account of human sin, manifested in the historical sufferings of the incarnate Christ, 715the heart of, finally revealed in the historic sacrifice of Calvary, 716dealings of repentant sinner with, rather than with government, 741salvation of all, in which sense desired by, 791, 792

Fore-ordination, its nature, 355, 381the basis of foreknowledge, 356distinguished from foreknowledge, 781

Fore-ordination, its nature, 355, 381

the basis of foreknowledge, 356

distinguished from foreknowledge, 781

Forms of thought are facts of nature, 10

Fourth gospel, its genuineness, 151

Free agency defined, 360can predict its action, 360

Free agency defined, 360

can predict its action, 360

Freedom, man's, consistent with the divine decrees, 359-362four senses of word, 361of indifference, 362of choice, which is not incompatible with the complete bondage of will, 509, 510remnants of, left to man, 510, 640

Freedom, man's, consistent with the divine decrees, 359-362

four senses of word, 361

of indifference, 362

of choice, which is not incompatible with the complete bondage of will, 509, 510

remnants of, left to man, 510, 640

Freundlos war der grosse Weltenmeister, 386

FürsehungandVorsehungcombined in“Providence,”419

Future life, the evidence of Jewish belief in a, 994Egyptian ideas about, 995Moses instructed in Egyptian“learning”concerning, 995proof-texts for, 996doctrine of Pharisees supports, 996Christ's argument for, 996argument for, presupposes the existence of a truthful, wise and good creator, 996the most conclusive proof of, Christ's resurrection, 997Christ taught the doctrine of, 997a revelation of, needed, 997

Future life, the evidence of Jewish belief in a, 994

Egyptian ideas about, 995

Moses instructed in Egyptian“learning”concerning, 995

proof-texts for, 996

doctrine of Pharisees supports, 996

Christ's argument for, 996

argument for, presupposes the existence of a truthful, wise and good creator, 996

the most conclusive proof of, Christ's resurrection, 997

Christ taught the doctrine of, 997

a revelation of, needed, 997

Futurist method of interpreting Revelation, 1009

Galton's view of piety, 83

Ganoids, the first geologic fishes, 470

Gemachte, das, sin is, 566

Genealogies of Scripture, 229

Generation, as applied to the Son, 340-343spontaneous, 389

Generation, as applied to the Son, 340-343

spontaneous, 389

Genuineness of the Christian documents, 143-154of the books of O. T., 165-172

Genuineness of the Christian documents, 143-154

of the books of O. T., 165-172

Genus apotelesmaticum, 686idiomaticum, 686majestaticum, 686

Genus apotelesmaticum, 686

idiomaticum, 686

majestaticum, 686

Genus tapeinoticon, 686

Gesetz, 533

Gethsemane, 677, 731

Gewordene, das, is not sin, 566

Glory, final state of righteous, 1029his own, why God's end in creation?, 397-402

Glory, final state of righteous, 1029

his own, why God's end in creation?, 397-402

Gnostic Ebionism, 669, 670

Gnostics, 20, 378, 383, 487

God, the subject of theology, though aprehended by faith, yet a subject of science, 3human mind can recognize God, 4though not phenomenal, can be known, 5because of analogies between his nature and ours, can be known, 7though no adequate image of, can be formed, yet may be known, 7since all predicates of God are not negative, he may be known, 9so limited and defined, that he may be known, 10his laws of thought ours, and so he may be known, 10can reveal himself by external revelation, 12revealed in nature, history, conscience, Scripture, 14Christ the only revealer of, 14the existence of, 52-110definitions of the term, 52his existence a first truth, or rational intuition, 52his existence conditions observation and reasoning, 52his existence rises into consciousness on reflection on phenomena of nature and mind, 52knowledge of his existence, universal, 56-58knowledge of his existence, necessary, 58, 59knowledge of his existence, logically independent of and prior to, all other knowledge, 59-62other suggested sources of our idea of, 62-67idea of, not from external revelation, 62, 63idea of, not from tradition, 63idea of, not from experience, 63-65idea of, not from sense perception and reflection, 63, 64idea of, not from race-experience, 64, 65idea of, not from actual contact of our sensitive nature with God, 65rational intuition of, sometimes becomes presentative, 65idea of, does not arise from reasoning, 65, 66[pg 1080]faith in, not proportioned to strength of reasoning faculty, 65we know more of, than reasoning can furnish, 65, 66idea of, not derived from inference, 66, 67belief in, not a mere working hypothesis, 67intuition of, its contents, 67-70what he is, men to some extent know intuitively, 67a presentative intuition of, possible, 67a presentative intuition of, perhaps normal experience, 67loss of love has weakened rational intuition of, 67the passage of the intuition of, into personal and presentative knowledge, 68his existence not proved but assumed and declared in Scripture, 68evidence of his existence inlaid in man's nature, 68knowledge of, though intuitive may be explicated and confirmed by argument, 71the intuition of, supported by arguments probable and cumulative, 71the intuition of, explicated by reflection and reasoning, 72arguments for existence of, classified, 72Cosmological Argument for his existence, 73-75its proper statement, 73its defects, 73, 74its value, 74, 75Teleological Argument for his existence, 75-80its nature, 75-78its defects, 78-80its value, 80Anthropological Argument for his existence, 80-85its nature, 80-83its defects, 84its value, 84, 85Historical Argument for his existence, 85Biblical Argument for his existence, 85Ontological Argument for his existence, 85-89its three forms, 85, 86its defects, 87its value, 87-89evidence of his existence from the intellectual starting-point, 88evidence of his existence from the religious starting-point, 88the nature, decrees and works of, 243-370the attributes of, 243-306his acts and words arise from settled dispositions, 243his dispositions inhere in a spiritual substance, 243his attributes, definition of, 244relation of his attributes to his essence, 244-246his attributes have an objective existence, 244his attributes are distinguishable from his essence and from each other, 244regarded falsely as being of absolute simplicity, 244he is a being infinitely complex, 245nominalistic notion, its error, 245his attributes inhere in his essence, 245, 246is not a compound of attributes, 245extreme realism, its danger, 245attributes of, belong to his essence, 245his attributes distinguished from personal distinctions in his Godhead, 246his attributes distinguished from his relations to the world, 246illustrated by intellect and will in man, 246his attributes essential to his being, 246his attributes manifest his essence, 246in knowing his attributes, we know the being to whom attributes belong, 246his attributes, methods of determining, 246, 247rational method of determining, 247threeviæof rational method of determining his attributes, 247Biblical method, 247his attributes, how classified, 247-249absolute or immanent, 247his relative or transitive attributes, 247his attributes, a threefold division of the relative or transitive, 248his attributes, schedule of, 248order in which they present themselves to the mind, 248his moral perfection involves relation of himself to himself, 249his absolute or immanent attributes, 249-275his spirituality, 249-254is not matter, 249is not dependent upon matter, 249the material universe, not his sensorium, 250his spirituality not denied by anthropomorphic Scriptures, 250pictures of him, degrading, 250desire for an incarnate God, satisfied in Christ, 251[pg 1081]his spirituality involves life and personality, 251, 252life as an attribute of, 251life in, has a subject, 251life in, not correspondence with environment, 251life in, is mental energy, the source of universal being and activity, 252personality, an attribute of, 252his personality, its content, 252his infinity, its meaning, 254his infinity, a positive idea, 254does not involve identity with 'The All,', 255intensive rather than extensive, 255his infinity enables him to love infinitely the single Christian, 256his infinity qualifies his other attributes, 256what his infinity involves, 256-260his self-existence, what?, 256he iscausa sui, 256his aseity, what?, 256exists by necessity of his own being, 257his immutability, what?, 257said to change, how explained, 257his immutability secures his adaptation to the changing conditions of his children, 258his immutability consistent with the execution in time of his eternal purposes, 258permits activity and freedom, 258his unity, what?, 259notion of more than one, self-contradictory and unphilosophical, 259his unity not inconsistent with Trinity, 259his unity, its lessons, 259his perfection, explanation of the term, 260involves moral attributes, 260-275himself, a sufficient object for his own activity, 260his truth, what?, 260his immanent truth to be distinguished from veracity and faithfulness, 260he is truth, as the truth that is known, 261his truth, a guarantee of revelation, and ground of eternal divine self-contemplation, 262his love, what?, 263his immanent love to be distinguished from mercy and goodness, 263his immanent love finds a personal object in his own perfection, 263his immanent love, not his all-inclusive ethical attribute, 263his immanent love, not a regard for mere being in general, 263his immanent love, not a mere emotional or utilitarian affection, 264his immanent love, rational and voluntary, 264his immanent love subordinates its emotional element to truth and holiness, 265his immanent love has its standard in his holiness, and a perfect object in the image of his own infinite perfections, 265his immanent love, a ground of his blessedness, 265his immanent love involves the possibility of his suffering on account of sin, which suffering is atonement, 266is passible, 266blessedness consistent with sorrow, 266a suffering being, a N. T. thought, 267his passibility, authors on, 267his holiness, self-affirming purity, 268his holiness, not its expression, justice, 269his holiness is not an aggregate of perfections, but simple and distinct, 269his holiness is not utilitarian self-love, 270his holiness is neither love nor its manifestation, 271his holiness is purity of substance, 273his holiness is energy of will, 273his holiness is God's self-willing, 274his holiness is purity willing itself, 274his holiness, authors on, 275his relative or transitive attributes, 275-295his eternity, defined, 275his eternity, infinity in its relation to time, 276regards existing time as an objective reality, 277in what sense the past, present and future are to him 'one eternal now,', 277his immensity, what?, 278not under law of space, 279is not in space, 279space is in him, 279to him space has an objective reality, 279his omnipresence, what?, 279his omnipresence not potential but essential, 280in what sense he“dwells in Heaven,”, 280his omnipresence mistaken by Socinian and Deist, 280[pg 1082]his whole essence present in every part of his universe at the same time, 281his omnipresence not necessary, but free, 283his omniscience, what?, 283his omniscience, from what deducible, 283its characteristics, as free from all imperfections, 283his knowledge direct, 283his omniscience, Egyptian symbol of, 283his intense scrutiny, 283knows things as they are, 284foreknows motives and acts by immediate knowledge, 284his prescience not causative, 286his omniscience embraces the actual and the possible, 286his omniscience called in Scripture“wisdom,”, 286his omnipotence, what?, 286his omnipotence does not extend to the self contradictory or the contradictory to his own nature, 287has power over his own power, 287can do all he will, not will do all he can, 287has a will-power over his nature-power, 287his omnipotence implies power of self-limitation, 288his omnipotence permits human freedom, 288his omnipotence humbles itself in the incarnation, 288his attributes which have relation to moral being, 288-295his veracity and faithfulness, or transitive truth, 288his veracity secures the consistency of his revelations with himself, and with each other, 288his veracity secures the fulfilment of all promises expressed or implied, 289his mercy and goodness, or transitive love, 289his mercy, what?, 289his goodness, what?, 289his love finds its object in his own nature, 290his love, men its subordinate objects, 290his justice and righteousness or transitive holiness, 290his righteousness, what?, 291his justice, what?, 291his justice and righteousness not mere benevolence, nor so founded in the nature of things as to be apart from God, 291his justice and righteousness are revelations of his inmost nature, 292do not bestow reward, 293are devoid of passion and caprice, 294revulsion of his nature from impurity and selfishness, 294his attributes, rank and relations, 295-303his attributes related, 295his moral attributes more jealously guarded than his natural, 295his fundamental attribute is holiness, 296may be merciful, but must be holy, 296his holiness put most prominently in Scripture, 296his holiness, its supremacy asserted by conscience, 296his holiness conditions exercise of other attributes, 297his holiness, a principle in his nature which must be satisfied before he can redeem, 298his holiness, the ground of moral obligation, 298-303commands us to be holy on the ground of his own holiness, 302as holy, the object of the love that fulfils the law, 302his holy will, Christ, our example, supremely devoted to, 302the Doctrine of the Trinity in the One God, 304-352seeTrinity.iscausa sui, 338is“self willing right,”338relations sustained by, in virtue of personal distinctions, 343unity and threeness equally essential to, 346independence and blessedness of, require Trinity, 347Doctrine of his Decrees, 353-370definition of his decrees, itemized, 353-355evil acts, how objects of the decrees of, 354his permissive, not conditional agency, 354his decrees, how classified, 355his decrees referred to in Scripture and supported by reason, 355-359can preserve from sin without violation of moral agency, 366his works, or the execution of his decrees, 371-464not a demiurge working on eternal matter, 391his supreme end in creation, his own glory, 397-402[pg 1083]“his own sake,”the fundamental reason of activity in, 399his self expression not selfishness, but benevolence, 400the only Being who can rightly live for himself, 401that he will secure his end in creation, the great source of comfort, 401his rest, a new exercise of power, 411not“the soul of the universe,”411the physical universe in no sense independent of, 413has disjoined in the free will of intelligent beings a certain amount of force from himself, 414the perpetual Observer, 415does not work all, but all in all, 418represented sometimes by Hebrew writers as doing what he only permits, 424his agency, natural and moral, distinguished, 441his Fatherhood, 474-476implied in man's divine sonship, 474extends in a natural relation to all, 474provides the atonement, 474special, towards those who believe, 474secures the natural and physical sonship of all men, 474this natural sonship preliminary in some to a spiritual sonship, 474texts referring to, in a natural or common sense, 474in the larger sense, what it implies, 474natural, mediated by Christ, 474texts referring to, in a special sense, 474, 475to the race rudimental to the actual realization in Christ, 475extends to those who are not his children, 475controversy on the doctrine mere logomachy, 475as announced by Jesus, a relation of love and holiness, 475if not true, then selfishness logical, 475this relationship realized in a spiritual sense through atoning and regenerating grace, 475logical outcome of the denial of, 475, 476universal ground for accepting, 476authors upon, 476our knowledge of, conditioned by love, 519, 520“God prays”fulfilled in Christ, 675reflected in universe, 714the immanent, is Christ, the Logos, 714exercises his creative, preserving and providential activity through Christ, 714the Revealer of, is Christ, the Logos, 714personal existence grounded in him, 714all perceptions or recognitions of the objective through him, 714as Universal Reason, at the basis of our self consciousness and thinking, 714, 715is the common conscience, over finite, individual consciences, 715the eternal suffering of, on account of human sin, manifested in the historical sufferings of the incarnate Christ, 715the heart of, finally revealed in the historic sacrifice of Calvary, 716dealings of repentant sinner with, rather than with government, 741salvation of all, in which sense desired by, 791, 792

God, the subject of theology, though aprehended by faith, yet a subject of science, 3

human mind can recognize God, 4

though not phenomenal, can be known, 5

because of analogies between his nature and ours, can be known, 7

though no adequate image of, can be formed, yet may be known, 7

since all predicates of God are not negative, he may be known, 9

so limited and defined, that he may be known, 10

his laws of thought ours, and so he may be known, 10

can reveal himself by external revelation, 12

revealed in nature, history, conscience, Scripture, 14

Christ the only revealer of, 14

the existence of, 52-110

definitions of the term, 52

his existence a first truth, or rational intuition, 52

his existence conditions observation and reasoning, 52

his existence rises into consciousness on reflection on phenomena of nature and mind, 52

knowledge of his existence, universal, 56-58

knowledge of his existence, necessary, 58, 59

knowledge of his existence, logically independent of and prior to, all other knowledge, 59-62

other suggested sources of our idea of, 62-67

idea of, not from external revelation, 62, 63

idea of, not from tradition, 63

idea of, not from experience, 63-65

idea of, not from sense perception and reflection, 63, 64

idea of, not from race-experience, 64, 65

idea of, not from actual contact of our sensitive nature with God, 65

rational intuition of, sometimes becomes presentative, 65

idea of, does not arise from reasoning, 65, 66

faith in, not proportioned to strength of reasoning faculty, 65

we know more of, than reasoning can furnish, 65, 66

idea of, not derived from inference, 66, 67

belief in, not a mere working hypothesis, 67

intuition of, its contents, 67-70

what he is, men to some extent know intuitively, 67

a presentative intuition of, possible, 67

a presentative intuition of, perhaps normal experience, 67

loss of love has weakened rational intuition of, 67

the passage of the intuition of, into personal and presentative knowledge, 68

his existence not proved but assumed and declared in Scripture, 68

evidence of his existence inlaid in man's nature, 68

knowledge of, though intuitive may be explicated and confirmed by argument, 71

the intuition of, supported by arguments probable and cumulative, 71

the intuition of, explicated by reflection and reasoning, 72

arguments for existence of, classified, 72

Cosmological Argument for his existence, 73-75

its proper statement, 73

its defects, 73, 74

its value, 74, 75

Teleological Argument for his existence, 75-80

its nature, 75-78

its defects, 78-80

its value, 80

Anthropological Argument for his existence, 80-85

its nature, 80-83

its defects, 84

its value, 84, 85

Historical Argument for his existence, 85

Biblical Argument for his existence, 85

Ontological Argument for his existence, 85-89

its three forms, 85, 86

its defects, 87

its value, 87-89

evidence of his existence from the intellectual starting-point, 88

evidence of his existence from the religious starting-point, 88

the nature, decrees and works of, 243-370

the attributes of, 243-306

his acts and words arise from settled dispositions, 243

his dispositions inhere in a spiritual substance, 243

his attributes, definition of, 244

relation of his attributes to his essence, 244-246

his attributes have an objective existence, 244

his attributes are distinguishable from his essence and from each other, 244

regarded falsely as being of absolute simplicity, 244

he is a being infinitely complex, 245

nominalistic notion, its error, 245

his attributes inhere in his essence, 245, 246

is not a compound of attributes, 245

extreme realism, its danger, 245

attributes of, belong to his essence, 245

his attributes distinguished from personal distinctions in his Godhead, 246

his attributes distinguished from his relations to the world, 246

illustrated by intellect and will in man, 246

his attributes essential to his being, 246

his attributes manifest his essence, 246

in knowing his attributes, we know the being to whom attributes belong, 246

his attributes, methods of determining, 246, 247

rational method of determining, 247

threeviæof rational method of determining his attributes, 247

Biblical method, 247

his attributes, how classified, 247-249

absolute or immanent, 247

his relative or transitive attributes, 247

his attributes, a threefold division of the relative or transitive, 248

his attributes, schedule of, 248

order in which they present themselves to the mind, 248

his moral perfection involves relation of himself to himself, 249

his absolute or immanent attributes, 249-275

his spirituality, 249-254

is not matter, 249

is not dependent upon matter, 249

the material universe, not his sensorium, 250

his spirituality not denied by anthropomorphic Scriptures, 250

pictures of him, degrading, 250

desire for an incarnate God, satisfied in Christ, 251

his spirituality involves life and personality, 251, 252

life as an attribute of, 251

life in, has a subject, 251

life in, not correspondence with environment, 251

life in, is mental energy, the source of universal being and activity, 252

personality, an attribute of, 252

his personality, its content, 252

his infinity, its meaning, 254

his infinity, a positive idea, 254

does not involve identity with 'The All,', 255

intensive rather than extensive, 255

his infinity enables him to love infinitely the single Christian, 256

his infinity qualifies his other attributes, 256

what his infinity involves, 256-260

his self-existence, what?, 256

he iscausa sui, 256

his aseity, what?, 256

exists by necessity of his own being, 257

his immutability, what?, 257

said to change, how explained, 257

his immutability secures his adaptation to the changing conditions of his children, 258

his immutability consistent with the execution in time of his eternal purposes, 258

permits activity and freedom, 258

his unity, what?, 259

notion of more than one, self-contradictory and unphilosophical, 259

his unity not inconsistent with Trinity, 259

his unity, its lessons, 259

his perfection, explanation of the term, 260

involves moral attributes, 260-275

himself, a sufficient object for his own activity, 260

his truth, what?, 260

his immanent truth to be distinguished from veracity and faithfulness, 260

he is truth, as the truth that is known, 261

his truth, a guarantee of revelation, and ground of eternal divine self-contemplation, 262

his love, what?, 263

his immanent love to be distinguished from mercy and goodness, 263

his immanent love finds a personal object in his own perfection, 263

his immanent love, not his all-inclusive ethical attribute, 263

his immanent love, not a regard for mere being in general, 263

his immanent love, not a mere emotional or utilitarian affection, 264

his immanent love, rational and voluntary, 264

his immanent love subordinates its emotional element to truth and holiness, 265

his immanent love has its standard in his holiness, and a perfect object in the image of his own infinite perfections, 265

his immanent love, a ground of his blessedness, 265

his immanent love involves the possibility of his suffering on account of sin, which suffering is atonement, 266

is passible, 266

blessedness consistent with sorrow, 266

a suffering being, a N. T. thought, 267

his passibility, authors on, 267

his holiness, self-affirming purity, 268

his holiness, not its expression, justice, 269

his holiness is not an aggregate of perfections, but simple and distinct, 269

his holiness is not utilitarian self-love, 270

his holiness is neither love nor its manifestation, 271

his holiness is purity of substance, 273

his holiness is energy of will, 273

his holiness is God's self-willing, 274

his holiness is purity willing itself, 274

his holiness, authors on, 275

his relative or transitive attributes, 275-295

his eternity, defined, 275

his eternity, infinity in its relation to time, 276

regards existing time as an objective reality, 277

in what sense the past, present and future are to him 'one eternal now,', 277

his immensity, what?, 278

not under law of space, 279

is not in space, 279

space is in him, 279

to him space has an objective reality, 279

his omnipresence, what?, 279

his omnipresence not potential but essential, 280

in what sense he“dwells in Heaven,”, 280

his omnipresence mistaken by Socinian and Deist, 280

his whole essence present in every part of his universe at the same time, 281

his omnipresence not necessary, but free, 283

his omniscience, what?, 283

his omniscience, from what deducible, 283

its characteristics, as free from all imperfections, 283

his knowledge direct, 283

his omniscience, Egyptian symbol of, 283

his intense scrutiny, 283

knows things as they are, 284

foreknows motives and acts by immediate knowledge, 284

his prescience not causative, 286

his omniscience embraces the actual and the possible, 286

his omniscience called in Scripture“wisdom,”, 286

his omnipotence, what?, 286

his omnipotence does not extend to the self contradictory or the contradictory to his own nature, 287

has power over his own power, 287

can do all he will, not will do all he can, 287

has a will-power over his nature-power, 287

his omnipotence implies power of self-limitation, 288

his omnipotence permits human freedom, 288

his omnipotence humbles itself in the incarnation, 288

his attributes which have relation to moral being, 288-295

his veracity and faithfulness, or transitive truth, 288

his veracity secures the consistency of his revelations with himself, and with each other, 288

his veracity secures the fulfilment of all promises expressed or implied, 289

his mercy and goodness, or transitive love, 289

his mercy, what?, 289

his goodness, what?, 289

his love finds its object in his own nature, 290

his love, men its subordinate objects, 290

his justice and righteousness or transitive holiness, 290

his righteousness, what?, 291

his justice, what?, 291

his justice and righteousness not mere benevolence, nor so founded in the nature of things as to be apart from God, 291

his justice and righteousness are revelations of his inmost nature, 292

do not bestow reward, 293

are devoid of passion and caprice, 294

revulsion of his nature from impurity and selfishness, 294

his attributes, rank and relations, 295-303

his attributes related, 295

his moral attributes more jealously guarded than his natural, 295

his fundamental attribute is holiness, 296

may be merciful, but must be holy, 296

his holiness put most prominently in Scripture, 296

his holiness, its supremacy asserted by conscience, 296

his holiness conditions exercise of other attributes, 297

his holiness, a principle in his nature which must be satisfied before he can redeem, 298

his holiness, the ground of moral obligation, 298-303

commands us to be holy on the ground of his own holiness, 302

as holy, the object of the love that fulfils the law, 302

his holy will, Christ, our example, supremely devoted to, 302

the Doctrine of the Trinity in the One God, 304-352

seeTrinity.

iscausa sui, 338

is“self willing right,”338

relations sustained by, in virtue of personal distinctions, 343

unity and threeness equally essential to, 346

independence and blessedness of, require Trinity, 347

Doctrine of his Decrees, 353-370

definition of his decrees, itemized, 353-355

evil acts, how objects of the decrees of, 354

his permissive, not conditional agency, 354

his decrees, how classified, 355

his decrees referred to in Scripture and supported by reason, 355-359

can preserve from sin without violation of moral agency, 366

his works, or the execution of his decrees, 371-464

not a demiurge working on eternal matter, 391

his supreme end in creation, his own glory, 397-402

“his own sake,”the fundamental reason of activity in, 399

his self expression not selfishness, but benevolence, 400

the only Being who can rightly live for himself, 401

that he will secure his end in creation, the great source of comfort, 401

his rest, a new exercise of power, 411

not“the soul of the universe,”411

the physical universe in no sense independent of, 413

has disjoined in the free will of intelligent beings a certain amount of force from himself, 414

the perpetual Observer, 415

does not work all, but all in all, 418

represented sometimes by Hebrew writers as doing what he only permits, 424

his agency, natural and moral, distinguished, 441

his Fatherhood, 474-476

implied in man's divine sonship, 474

extends in a natural relation to all, 474

provides the atonement, 474

special, towards those who believe, 474

secures the natural and physical sonship of all men, 474

this natural sonship preliminary in some to a spiritual sonship, 474

texts referring to, in a natural or common sense, 474

in the larger sense, what it implies, 474

natural, mediated by Christ, 474

texts referring to, in a special sense, 474, 475

to the race rudimental to the actual realization in Christ, 475

extends to those who are not his children, 475

controversy on the doctrine mere logomachy, 475

as announced by Jesus, a relation of love and holiness, 475

if not true, then selfishness logical, 475

this relationship realized in a spiritual sense through atoning and regenerating grace, 475

logical outcome of the denial of, 475, 476

universal ground for accepting, 476

authors upon, 476

our knowledge of, conditioned by love, 519, 520

“God prays”fulfilled in Christ, 675

reflected in universe, 714

the immanent, is Christ, the Logos, 714

exercises his creative, preserving and providential activity through Christ, 714

the Revealer of, is Christ, the Logos, 714

personal existence grounded in him, 714

all perceptions or recognitions of the objective through him, 714

as Universal Reason, at the basis of our self consciousness and thinking, 714, 715

is the common conscience, over finite, individual consciences, 715

the eternal suffering of, on account of human sin, manifested in the historical sufferings of the incarnate Christ, 715

the heart of, finally revealed in the historic sacrifice of Calvary, 716

dealings of repentant sinner with, rather than with government, 741

salvation of all, in which sense desired by, 791, 792

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