Chapter 37

[40]Of bellows made of Franklin’s air.In the first paper of the third volume of Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, you will find certain “Conjectures concerning the formation of the earth,” &c. in a letter from Dr B. Franklin, to the abbe Soulavie; which we would prescribe astonicsto Hutton’ssystem. The American sage informs us, that in the course of some observations in Derbyshire, in England, he “imagined that the internal part (of the earth) might be a fluid more dense, and of greater specific gravity than any of the solids we are acquainted with; which, therefore, might swim in or upon that fluid. Thus the surface of the globe would be a shell, capable of being broken and disordered by any violent movements of the fluid on which it rested. And as air has been compressed by art so as to be twice as dense as water, in which case, if such air and water could be contained in a strong glass vessel, the air would be seen to take the lowest place, and the water to float above and upon it;[D]and as we know not yet the degree of density to which air may be compressed; and M. Amontons calculated, that its density increasing as it approached the centre in the same proportion as above the surface, it would at the depth of—leagues be heavier than gold, possibly the dense fluid occupying the internal parts of the globe might be air compressed. And as the force of expansion in dense air, when heated, is in proportion to its density; thiscentral air might afford another agent to move the surface, as well as be of use in keeping alive the subterraneous fires; though, as you observe, the sudden rarefication of water coming into contact with those fires may also be an agent sufficiently strong for that purpose, when acting between the incumbent earth and the fluid on which it rests.“If one might indulge imagination in supposing how such a globe was formed, I should conceive, that all the elements in separate particles being originally mixed in confusion, and occupying a great space, they would, as soon as the Almighty fiat ordained gravity or the mutual attraction of certain parts and the mutual repulsion of other parts to exist, all move towards their common centre: That the air being a fluid whose parts repel each other, though drawn to the common centre by their gravity, would be densest towards the centre and rarer as more remote; consequently all matters lighter than the central part of that air and immersed in it, would recede from the centre and rise till they arrived at that region of the air which was of the same specific gravity with themselves, where they would rest; while other matter, mixed with the lighter air would descend, and the two meeting would form the shell of the first earth, leaving the upper atmosphere nearly clear.[E]The original movement of the parts towards their common centre, would naturally form a whirl there, which would continue in the turning of the new formed globe upon its axis, and the greatest diameter of the shell would be in its equator. If by any accident afterwards, the axis should be changed,” [viz. by the impinging of a Buffon’s comet’s tail or the delivery of a Darwin’s moon] “thedense internal fluid by altering its form must burst the shelland throw all its substance into the confusion in which we find it!” There’s an air gun for your worships!Now, if we did not possess a particular partiality for the sage who formed this system, we should probably break up his Eolian cave, even at the risk of creating half a hundred hurricanes. For should we open a vent as large as a needle’s point into this magazine of compressed air, you would instantly be assailed by “another guess whistling”[F]than was the tempest tost Trojan fleet whenUna Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque procellis.[41]Destroy good doctor Burnet’s crust.We should be able to make much more rapid progress in our sublime flights of poetry, were we not under the necessity of dismounting from our Pegasus every ten paces, in order to give your worships a heist, and thus enable yourponderosities, like Mr Pope’s “slugs,” to keep up with us. It is a thousand to one if any one of your college has ever heard of Dr Burnet, of earth-manufacturing memory. But it is absolutely necessary that you should know something of Dr Burnet’s theory before you can comprehend the stanza to which this note has reference. You will, therefore, shut up this, my volume, andper fas aut nefasobtain possession of Dr Burnet’s theory of the earth’s formation; and when you have diligently drudged through that treatise, we will again take you in tow, and permit you to accompany us, but non passibus equis, till our muse salutes you with procul! O procul! &c.[42]By Parker’s cement we’ll endeavor.A composition has been invented by a Mr Parker, which bids fair to become one of the most important discoveries which has signalized the present century. The gentleman has compounded a cement or mortar, which, by the mere action of the air, assumes in a week or two the durability and consistence of the hardest marble and the firmest stone, and may be applied to all the purposes to which the strongest grained freestone is usually applied. Bridges, aqueducts, houses, and we suppose pavements and roads, can be as well constructed of this material as of the ordinary matters used in their composition. The ornaments and articles usually made of marble can also be made of the same materials, as it admits of a high polish, is incalculably cheaper, just as durable, much lighter, and more easily worked. It is not unlikely, that the waters of the Croton may be brought to New York in pipes and aqueducts made of this article, as it would be so much more economical than if transported thither in a canal of masonry, besides that the new canal is impervious, never leaks, and consequently no expenses for repairing would be ever incurred. There is not an article used in household matters, or for public purposes that has formerly been made of stone, but admits of the substitution of this cheaper and lighter article; and we learn that the corporation have inspected the manufacture, and are impressed with a proper sense of its importance and applicability to civic purposes.—N. Y. Mirror.[43]The foolish trash of Isaac Newton.SeeStudies of Nature, by St Pierre, in which that scheming philosopher has, with wonderful adroitness, swept away the cobweb calculations of one Isaac Newton. Indeed, I never much admired the writings of the last mentioned gentleman, for the substantial reasons following.In the first place, the inside of a man’s noddle must be better furnished than that of St Pierre, or he will never be able to comprehend them.Secondly, it would be impossible to manufacture a system, like that of St Pierre, accounting for the various phenomena of nature, in anewandsimplemethod, if one were obliged to proceed, like Newton, in hisPrincipia, in a dull, plodding, mathematical manner, andprove, or even renderprobable, the things he asserts. But by taking some facts for granted, without proof, omitting to mention such as militate against a favorite theory, we may, with great facility, erect a splendid edifice of “airy nothings,” founded on hypotheses without foundation.The said Isaac had taken it into his head that the earth’s equatorial was longer than its polar diameter. This, he surmised from the circumstance of a pendulum vibrating slower near the equator than near the pole, and from finding that the centrifugal force of the earth would not fully account for the difference between the time of the vibrations at Cayenne and at Paris.This, with other reasons equally plausible, led him to suppose that the earth was flattened near the poles, in the form of an oblate spheroid, and that a degree of latitude would, of consequence, be greater near the pole than at the equator. Actual admeasurement coincided with that conclusion.The abbe St Pierre, however, possessing a most laudable ambition to manufacture tides from polar ices, and thus to overturn Sir Isaac’s theory relative to the moon’s influence in producing those phenomena, and finding it somewhat convenient for that purpose to place his poles at a greater distance from the centre of gravity than the equator, accordingly took that liberty. He likewise had another substantial reason therefor. Unless his polar diameter was longer than his equatorial, the tides, being caused by the fusion of polar ices, must flow up hill.He therefore drew a beautiful diagram with which a triangle would (according to the scheme of the author ofThe Loves of the Triangles, improved from Dr Darwin’sLoves of the Plants) certainly fall in love at first sight. (See page xxxiv. Pref.Studies of Nature.) In displaying his geometrical skill in this diagram, however, he took care to forget that there was some little difference between anoblongand anoblatespheroid.—That flattening the earth’s surface, either in a direction perpendicular or parallel to the poles, wouldincreasethe length of a degree of latitude bydecreasingthe earth’s convexity. That neither an oblate, nor an oblong spheroid was quite sosphericalas a perfectsphere. This was very proper, because such facts would have been conclusive against his new Theory of the Tides.[44]To make a clever sort of plough.If you wish, gentlemen, to know anything further relative to this instinctive plough, you will take the trouble to consult Mr Godwin’sPolitical Justice, in which you will find almost as many sublime andpracticableschemes for meliorating the condition of man, as in this very erudite work of my own. Let it not be inferred from my not enlarging upon the present and other schemes of this philosopher, that I would regard him as one whit inferior to any othermodernphilosopher existing, not even excepting his friend Holcroft; but the necessity of expatiating on the redundancy of Mr Godwin’s merits, is totally precluded by the unbounded fame which hischasteproductions have at length acquired among thevirtuousandrespectableclasses in community.[45]They show us how to live for ever.The learned Dr Price, in hisTracts on Civil Liberty, assures us that such sublime discoveries will be hereafter made by men of science (meaning such as Dr Caustic) that it will be possible to cure the disease of old age, give man a perpetual sublunary existence, and introduce the millenium, by natural causes.[46]His newexplodedsolar system.“Through all the realms the kindling ether runs,And the mass starts into a million suns;Earths round each sun with quick explosions burst,And second planets issue from the first;Bend, as they journey with projectile force,In bright ellipses their reluctant course;Orbs wheel in orbs, round centres centres roll,And form, self-balanced one revolving whole.”Botanic Garden, Canto i.This sublime philosopher has been most atrociously squibbed in the following performance, which I can assure you, gentlemen, is not mine; and, if I could meet with the author, I would teach him better than to bespatter my favorite with the filth of his obloquy.“Lines on a certain philosopher, who maintains that all continents and islands were thrown from the sea by volcanoes; and that all animal life originally sprung from the exuviæ of fishes. His family arms are three scallop shells, and his motto, “Omnia e Conchis.”“From atoms in confusion hurl’d,Old Epicurus built a world;—Maintain’d that all was accidental,Whether corporeal powers, or mental;That feet were not devised for walking,For eating, teeth; nor tongues for talking;ButCHANCE, the casual texture made,And thus each member found its trade.And in this hodge podge of stark nonsense,He buried virtue, truth and conscience—Darwin at last resolves to listUnder this grand cosmogonist.He, too, renounces his Creator,And solves all sense from senseless matter;Makes men start up from dead fish bones,As old Deucalion did from stones;Forms mortals quick as eyes could twinkle,From lobster, crab, and periwinkle—Oh Doctor! Change thy foolish motto,Or keep it for some lady’s grotto:Else thy poor patients well may quake,If thou canst no more mend than make.”[47]First peer’d our continent through and through.Citizen Volney made a very curious, simple, and convenient division of the “Interior Structure” of North America, from certain specimens of mineral substances, collected by this industrious pedestrian in a tour of observation through the United States. Notwithstanding the immense extent of territory which has come under citizen Volney’s cognizance, and the short time which he did us the honor to reside and peregrinate among us, we find that he was able to parcel our continent into different interior departments, with as much precision as Buonaparte showed in marking the different provinces of his empire. He gives us “The granite region, the grit or sandstone region, the calcareous or limestone region,” &c. &c.Now this division is the more ingenious, because it possesses no foundation in nature; and therefore shows a wonderful invention in its author. It happens, luckily for this fine theory, that granite is found in wonderful abundance in the limestone region, and that throughout the continent, in defiance of Mr Volney, we find that nature has jumbled all his “regions” together. Nature, having made some confusion in this way, has the more need of the assistance of modern philosophy to aid her defective operations.[48]OfgraduatedFrench morality.This gentleman published in America a small pamphlet, entitled, The Law of Nature, or Principles or Morality, deduced from the Physical Constitution of Mankind and the Universe. In this he tells us, “It is high time to prove that morality is a physical andgeometricalscience, and as such, susceptible, like the rest, of calculation and mathematical demonstration.”My friend, doctor Timothy Triangle, is much such another philosopher; but has surpassed the Frenchman in the extent of his views, and made systems which were entirely out of the reach of Mr Volney’s intellect. Among others, wasa scale of national character. By this, the latitude and longitude of a place being given, and a sort of tare and tret allowance made for adventitious circumstances, he could ascertain the character of its inhabitants. The latitude of Paris, he affirmed, was that of perfectibility made perfect, and most lucidly manifested in the person of theLiberty-lovingEmperor. Rise to the equator, or recede to the pole from that parallel, and human nature dwindles in arithmetical progression.This gentleman was a great admirer of the principles of the French revolution, and made out, mathematically, how much blood, horror, and devastation would be necessary to give that predominance to France and French principles, which would terminate in philosophy’s millennium.Dr Triangle likewise madegeometrical scalesof morality; which were not very essentially different from the principles of Volney. These scales were adapted accurately to the interest, feelings, passions, and prepossessions of the persons for whom they were intended, and soelasticthat they would stretch to suit any case, and authorize any action which could be conceived or perpetrated.[49]ByPerkins’s Metallic Practice.Here comes theHydra, which you Herculean gentlemen are requested to destroy; but the means, by which this great end is to be accomplished, will be fully pointed out in the succeeding cantos.[50]“Not so boldArnall; with a weight of skullFurious he drives precipitately dull:Whirlpools and storms his circling arms invest,With all the weight of gravitation blest.”Pope’s Dunciad, Book iii.[51]But I’m a man so meek and humble.If your worships have ever read the Eneid of one Virgil (which thoughpossibleis not veryprobable, as physicians in general rarely make themselves “mad,” by “too much learning”) you will perceive aclassicalbeauty in the commencement of this canto, which would escape the observation of the “ignobile vulgus.” As I wish, however, that you might be able to relish some of the most obvious beauties of this, my most exquisite poetical production, you will hire some schoolmaster to show you how happily we have imitated the “At regina gravi” of Virgil, and the “But now t’ observe romantic method” of Butler.[52]Thoughstarvingis aseriousmatter!Many a worthy London alderman will most feelingly sigh a dolorous response to this pathetic complaint.[53]We all must be in one sad mess.The sound is here a most correct echo to the sense; like theΒη δ’ ακεων παρα θινα πολυφλοισβοιο θαλασσης,of Homer; theQuadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum,of Virgil; theMany a lusty thwack and bang,of Butler;And ten low words oft creep in one dull line,of Pope, &c. Indeed, gentlemen, I shall almost be tempted to pronounce that person a sorry sort of a simpleton, who does not see, or seem to see, the lengthened visage and hanging lip of our learned Esculapian Fraternity, depicted with the phiz-hitting pencil of a Hogarth, in these eight beautiful and appropriate monosyllables.[54]Behold a risingInstitution.The builders of this second edition of the tower of Babel must be confounded; and that they will be, most certainly, provided the measures herein after recommended, be fully and manfully carried into effect. But as it may be safest to reconnoitre somewhat before we begin the attack, we will introduce you into the midst of the enemy’s encampment, in an additional note at the end of our poem.[55]Perkins supported by Aldini!These two wonder-working wizards are said to effect their necromantic manœuvres by the application of similar principles to the animal machine. But the latter does not, in so great a degree, infringe on our privileges, for hebeginswhere weleaveoff; that is, after the patient isdead; whereas Perkins, by his pretended easy and expeditious mode of curing those who ought to depend solely on “death and the doctor,” is a more formidable foe to our profession. See additional note, No. 3.[56]To raise a dead dog he was able.“Dr Aldini, now in London, lately exhibited, at the house of Mr Hunter, some curious experiments on the body of a dog newly killed, by which the company then present were exceedingly astonished at the powers ofGalvanism. The head of the animal was cut off. The head and the body were put beside each other on a table, previously rubbed with a solution of Ammonia. Two wires, communicating with the Galvanic trough, were then applied, the one in the ear, the other at the anus of the dead animal. No sooner had those applications been made, than both head and body were thrown into the most animated muscular motions. The body started up with a movement, by which it passed over the side of the table. The head equally moved, its lips and teeth grinning most violently!” Vide theMorning Postof January 6th, 1803.[57]With two legs up, and two legs down.Your worships will perceive that I have detailed some particulars relative to this famous experiment, which were omitted in the above statement from theMorning Post. But should any gentleman among you presume to intimate that I have stated one syllable which is not strictly and literallytrue, I shall embrace the fashionable mode of resenting the affront. I have two pistols in my garret. Let him who dares dispute Dr Caustic take his choice. Then, unless“Pallas should come, in shape of rust,And ’twixt the lock and hammer thrustHer Gorgon shield, and make the cockStand stiff as ’twere transform’d to stock,”I will make it apparent that I am a man of honor, as well as veracity.[58]He made itbellowlike a Stentor!“Some curious Galvanic experiments were made on Friday last, by professor Aldini, in doctor Pearson’s lecture room. They were instituted in the presence of his excellency, the ambassador of France, general Andreossi, lord Pelham, the duke of Roxburgh, lord Castlereagh, lord Hervey, the Hon. Mr Upton, &c. The head of an ox, recently decapitated, exhibited astonishing effects; for the tongue being drawn out by a hook fixed into it, on applying the exciters, in spite of the strength of the assistant, was retracted, so as to detach itself, by tearing itself from the hook; at the same time, a loud noise issued from the mouth, attended by violent contortions of the whole head and eyes.” SeeMorning Postof February 16th, 1803.[59]Rogues that were hungonce, at Old Bailey!“The body of Forster, who was executed on Monday last, for murder, was conveyed to a house not far distant, where it was subjected to theGalvanicprocess, by professor Aldini, under the inspection of Mr Keate, Mr Carpue, and several other professional gentlemen. M. Aldini, who is the nephew of the discoverer of this most interesting science, showed the eminent and superior powers ofGalvanismto be far beyond any other stimulant in nature. On the first application of the process to the face, the jaw of the deceased criminal began to quiver; and the adjoining muscles were horribly contorted, and one eye was actually opened. In the subsequent part of the process, theright hand was raised andCLENCHED, and the legs and thighs were set in motion.“It appeared to the uninformed part of the by-standers, as if the wretched man was on the eve of being restored to life. This, however, was impossible; as several of his friends, who were near the scaffold, had violently pulled his legs, in order to put a more speedy termination to his sufferings.” Vide theMorning Postof January 22, 1803.It is to be hoped, in case this Mr Professor undertakes any future operations of this nature, that some morecholeric dead manwill not only clench his fist like Forster, but convince him, by dint ofpugilistic demonstration, that he is not to disturb with impunity those who ought to be at “rest from their labors.”[60]He sees their worships plague oldFrancis.DrFrancis Anthony. The author of theBiographia Britannicarelates a pitiful tale respecting the persecutions suffered by this obstinate old schismatic. “He was,” says that writer, “a very learned physician and chemist, the son of an eminent goldsmith in London. Was born April 16th, 1550. In 1569, he was sent to the university of Cambridge; in 1574, took the degree of A. M. &c. &c. He began soon after his arrival (in London) to publish to the world the effects of his chemical studies. But not having taken the necessary precaution of addressing himself to the College of Physicians for their license, he fell under their displeasure; and being some time in the year 1600 summoned before the president and censors, heconfessedthat he had practised physic in London for six months, andhad cured twenty persons or more of several diseases.” [A most atrocious crime! I trust very few if any of your worships would be justified inconfessingorpleading guiltyto a similar indictment.] “About one month after, he was committed to the Counter prison, and fined in the sum of five poundspropter illicitam praxim—that is, for prescribing against the statutes of the college: but upon his application to the chief justice, he was set at liberty, which gave so great an umbrage, that the president and one of the censors waited on the chief justice to request his favor in preserving the college privileges: upon which Anthony submitted and promised to pay his fine, and was forbidden practice. He was soon after accused again for practising physic, and upon his own confession was fined another five pounds, which fine, on his refusing to pay, was increased to twenty pounds, and he was sentenced to be committed to prison till he had paid it. Nor was the college satisfied with this, but commenced a suit at law against him, in the name of the queen and college, in which they prevailed, and had judgment against him. It appears that the learned society thought him ignorant; but there were others of a different opinion, since, after all these censures, and being tossed about from prison to prison, he became doctor of physic in our own universities!”This is the substance of the proceedings of our ancestors against the arch-heretic; from which we learn the absolute necessity of a still more rigorous prosecution of those disturbers of society, who have the impudence tocuretheir patients withoutyour License. Had this old fellow been hung, or “burnt off,” as he deserved, the business would have been finished at once, and none would afterwards have dared ever to call in question your supremacy![61]Why scream the bats! why hoot the owls!While Darwin’s midnight bull-dog howls!A delectable imitation of Dr Darwin’s delightful pair of lines—“Shrill scream the famish’d bats and shiverings owls,And long and loud the dog of midnight howls.To prevent anypost obitdisputes among those who may hereafter write comments on this sublime passage, I have thought it advisable to designate thespeciesof the dog which howls so horridly on this great occasion.[62]’Tis Radcliffe’s sullen sprite now rising.This shows Pluto to be a god of correct calculation. Had he sent one of your water-gruel ghosts, it is a thousand to one if your worships would have paid the least deference to the mandates of his sooty highness.[63]Or Monk-y Lewis’ Spanish Spectre!I would have no impudent slanderer insinuate that I mean to bestow on the right honorable M. G. Lewis, M. P. any opprobrious epithet. No, gentlemen, I did not saymonkey. The term which I use is an adjective, legitimately coined from the substantiveMonk; and I affix it to this gentleman’s name as an honorary appellation, to which he is entitled, for having written that celebrated romance calledThe Monk. As to theSpanish Spectre, you will please to consult the romance aforesaid, and you will find a most horrible ballad, by which it appears that a certain Miss Imogene was carried off on her bridal night, if I mistake not, by the ghost of one Don Alonzo, to whom she had been betrothed, but proved false hearted. I would, however, caution against reading this doleful ditty by candle light, lest the story of“The worms they crept in, and the worms they crept out,And they sported his eyes and his temples about,”mightsportwith the senses of the more timid reader.[64]To make above ground one d—d flurry!I earnestly request that the learned college will not do me the injustice to suppose that a man of my delicacy and refined feelings wouldmyselfutter any phrase like the above, which has so much the semblance of profanity. But as this personage, before he passed that fatal “bourne” (from whichone“traveller”has“returned”) had ever been accustomed, like most of our profession, to rhetorical flourishes of this kind, it must be expected that, on such an important occasion, he would express himself with all his wonted energy; and my veracity as a historian obliges me to giveverbatimthe speech which the sprite did in fact deliver.[65]And cannot payNINETEEN POUNDS TEN”!!!The terrible shock given not only to Mr Addington, but to the credit of the British nation, by this famous sally of that teasing, testy, querulous, alarming, honorable, cidevant member of the House of Commons, is undoubtedly fresh in the recollection of every person, who has the least smattering in parliamentary debates: and every true patriot and friend to thepeaceof —— our prime minister, will congratulate the country on the failure of Mr Robson’s election, as well as that of his co-operator, Mr Jones, into the new parliament.[66]Found Hawkesbury’s letter all a take-in.Now I know the man who cobbled up the famous humbug peace with France, which, in my opinion, was a manœuvre that did honor to its inventor. He tenants a garret adjacent to mine. But Dr Caustic is an honorable man, and twice the £5000 offered by the stock exchange, with the £500 by the lord mayor, for his apprehension, would not tempt him to expose the neck of his friend to the noose of justice. This I premise, that the Bow street officers may not misapply their time and talents in any futile attempts to wheedle or extort the secret.[67]Broke a whole gallipot of wrath!I beseech you, gentlemen, to suspend your impatience relative to this wonderful achievement, till you havesoaredthrough a few stanzas. In the meantime, however, I wish that this my favorite hero, and burthen of my song, should stand high with your worships, and be the object of the humble admiration, not only of your honorable body, but of mankind in general: and I, myself, shall take the liberty to trample on all those, who dare call in question his infallibility. I have a knowledge of but few, who more deserve to be trodden upon on this occasion than the conductors of certain foreign literary journals, who, not aware of the inconceivable services which Dr H. has rendered the medical host by his ardent zeal against their common enemy, Perkinism, have expressed their sentiments of him, and his works, with that indifference, which must have arisen from their want of knowledge of his achievements.Among the most prominent of this junto should be mentioned theMedical Repository, at New York, conducted by professors Mitchell and Miller, of that place, the former of whom I understand is a representative in the Congress of the United States, an eminent physician, and the celebrated author of what is usually termed the “Mitchellian Theory of Contagion,” alterations in the French Chemical Nomenclature, &c. The latter, I am told, is likewise a physician of great respectability.Now that two such characters should presume to represent Dr H. as a man, whose “vanity is more conspicuous than his ability,” is a circumstance which, while it excites my surprise, rouses my resentment. However, to accomplish their disgrace and his renown, I shall concisely state his magnanimous conduct to them, and their ungracious return.Dr H. in great condescension to the poor wretches of the United States, who, through the ignorance andinexperienceof their medical practitioners, were likely to be extirpated by the yellow fever, addressed them in an affectionate letter, and proclaimed the barbarity and unskilfulness of their physicians, in a very appropriate and becoming manner. He even kindly apprized the Academy of Medicine, at Philadelphia, that their proceedings and reasonings on the disease among them were “frivolous, inadequate, and groundless,” and communicated many other facts equally useful and important.Now, whether his statements were true or false, those foreigners ought to have been grateful to Dr H. forhonoringthem with the information. But on the contrary, they say that “a poison, which, in the city of New York, has destroyed, within three months, the lives of more than twenty practitioners of medicine, well deserves to be traced and understood by the survivors.” They even have the audacity to assert, that “American physicians and philosophers, who have viewed the rise and progress of pestilence, walked amidst it by day and by night, year after year, and endured its violence on their own persons, almost to the extinction of their lives,” ought to be as competent judges of the cause and cure of the disease as Dr Haygarth, who has never seen a case of it.After entering into a copious (about 20 pages) and what they seem to think a learned investigation of my great friend’s theory and sentiments, they have dared to refute his reasoning, and turn it to ridicule.These presumptuous writers finally close their unreasonable account of Dr Haygarth, in quotations from Dr Caldwell, who, it appears, is a fellow of the college of physicians of Philadelphia, and a very ungentleman-likefellowtoo, for he has also had the rashness to descant on some of the works of Dr Haygarth in terms following.“Perhaps he (Dr Haygarth) may found the boldness of his pretensions as an author on the maturity of his years. Many writers less youthful are more modest; and it is to be lamented that grey hairs give noinfallibleearnest of either wisdom or liberality. We will not positively assert that he is not a man of profound erudition; but we have no reason whatever to convince us that he is. Perhaps he may pride himself on being a native of the same country which produced a Harvey, a Sydenham, a Cullen, and a Hunter. We entreat him to remember, that weeds may infest the same ground which has been overshadowed by the lordly adansonia, and that the same clime gives birth to the lion and the jackal.”Medical Repository, vol. v. p. 333. Oh, fie! fie![68]Till our aerial cutter runs.My mode of commencing an airy tour, mounted, Muse and Co. on a poeticalpony, which, by the way, is metamorphosed into acutter, may, perhaps, be objected to by your fastidious critics, as a liberty even beyond a poet’s licentiousness. But there is nothing which we men ofgeniusmore thoroughly detest than any attempt to fetter our faculties with the frigid rules of criticism. Besides,senseornonsense,poetryorgingling, it is perfectlyDella Cruscan.[69]“A Wilderness of suns!”This “proud” passage, together with “O thou!”—“GENIUSorMUSE!”—and “CATARACT OF LIGHT!”—are the legitimate offspring of that prince of poets, who rose to such a toweringpitchof poetry,“That oft Hibernian optics brightBeheldhim fairlyout of sight!”I should have been happy to have fascinated your worships with further specimens of the same sort of sublimity, could I have retained them in memory. I have been so solicitous for your gratification in this particular, that I have made a painful, though bootless search, throughout the metropolis and its suburbs, for these more than sybiline oracles. Indeed, I have reason to fear, that all Della Crusca’s effusions are irretrievably lost, except the few fragments which I have herepickledfor the behoof of posterity.[70]But Gifford comes, with why and wherefore.The admirers of yourpolitepoetry can never sufficiently anathematize the author of theBaviad and Mæviadfor extirpating, root and branch, a species of sentimental ditty, which might be scribbled, without the trouble of “sense to prose;” an object certainly of no small consequence with yourbon tonreaders and writers of rhyme. How could asentimental Ensignorlove-lorn Lieutenantbe better employed than in sobbing over “Laura’s tinkling trash,” or weeping in concert with the “mad jangle of Matilda’s lyre?” Besides, there ought to bewhipped syllabubadapted to the palates of those who cannot relish “Burns’ pure healthful nurture.” Mr Gifford should be sensible, that reducingpoetryto the standard ofcommon senseis clipping the wings of genius. For example; there is no describing what sublime and Della Cruscan-like capers I should myself have been cutting in this “Wilderness of suns;” for I was about to prepare a nosegay of comets, and string the spheres like beads for a lady’s necklace; but was not a little apprehensive lest Mr G. or some other malignant critic should persuade the public, that my effusions of fancy were little better than the rant of a bedlamite.[71]Andtollutateo’er turnpike path.They rode, but authors having notDetermin’d whether pace or trot,That is to say, whethertollutation,As they do term’t, or succussation.Hudibras, Canto ii.[72]Behold! great Haygarth and his corps.I here wish to give a concise sketch of the doctor’s necromantic process, so well calculated to give the tractors the kick out of Bath and Bristol, where they were rapidly making the most sacrilegious encroachments on the unpolluted shrine of our profession. I would recommend similar proceedings to every member of the college, and every worthy brother who is truly anxious to preserve the dignity and honor of the professional character. But would premise, that, when the like experiments are made, which, I trust, will be very generally by the whole profession, I would particularly recommend that the doctor’s prudence, in not admitting any of the friends of the tractors at the scene of action, should be strictly imitated; and also his discretion in choosing, as subjects for the experiment, the ignorant and miserable paupers of an infirmary, whose credulity will assist very much in operations of this sort. I also enjoin them to bear in mind hishint, “That if any person would repeat the experiment withwoodentractors, it should be done with due solemnity; during the process, the wonderful cures said to be performed by the tractors, should be particularly related. Without theseindispensableaids, other trials willnotprove so successful as those which are here reported.”Haygarth’s book, page 4.It can scarcely be necessary for me to hint to my discreet brethren, in addition, that should they try therealtractors afterwards (which, however, I rather advise them not to do at all) the whole of these aids of the mind are to be as strictly avoided. I had like to have forgotten to say, that the means used in the instance which follows to increase the solemnity of the scene, were a capital display of wigs, canes, stopwatches; and a still more solemn and terrific spectacle, about a score of the brethren. The very commencement serves to show how “necessary” was all this display to ensure the success of thesewoodentractors.“It was oftennecessaryto play the part of anecromancer, to describe circles, squares, triangles, and half the figures in geometry, on the parts affected, with the small end of the (wooden) tractors. During all this time we conversed upon the discoveries of Franklin and Galvani, laying great stress on the power of metallic points attracting lightning, and conveying it to the earth harmless. To a more curious farce I was never witness. We were almost afraid to look each other in the face, lest an involuntary smile should remove the mask from our countenances, and dispel the charm.”Haygarth’s book, page 16.A very ingenious friend of Dr H. and the glorious cause in which he is engaged, has conceived an improvement on this process. While the above operation is going on, surely, the adroit necromancer would handle hisvirgula divinitoriawith far greater effect, and himself appear much more in character, by using a suitable incantation. The following has, therefore, been proposed for the general use of the profession.Hocus! pocus! up and down!Draw the white right from the crown!Hocus! pocus! at a loss!Draw the brazen rod across!Hocus! pocus! down and up!Draw them both from foot to top!Lest you should not have sufficient ingenuity tocomprehendtheobjectof Dr Haygarth, in producing these operations on the minds of those paupers, by the aid of such means as he employed, I musttryto explain it. It was to induce an inference on the part of the public, that if,by any means whatsoever, effects can be produced on the mind of a poor bedridden patient, whether such effect be favorable or unfavorable (as the latter was often the case in Haygarth’s experiments)ergo, Perkins’s tractorscurediseases by acting on the mind also, whether on a human or brute subject. Should any person be so uncivil and unreasonable as to start the objection to this logic, that with the same propriety all medicines might also be supposed to produce their effects by an action on the mind, I particularly advise (provided such person be a noted coward) that you challenge him or her to a duel: but if, on the contrary, he or she be a terrible Mac Namara-like fellow, modestly reply that it was all a joke, and you hope there was no offence.

[40]

Of bellows made of Franklin’s air.

In the first paper of the third volume of Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, you will find certain “Conjectures concerning the formation of the earth,” &c. in a letter from Dr B. Franklin, to the abbe Soulavie; which we would prescribe astonicsto Hutton’ssystem. The American sage informs us, that in the course of some observations in Derbyshire, in England, he “imagined that the internal part (of the earth) might be a fluid more dense, and of greater specific gravity than any of the solids we are acquainted with; which, therefore, might swim in or upon that fluid. Thus the surface of the globe would be a shell, capable of being broken and disordered by any violent movements of the fluid on which it rested. And as air has been compressed by art so as to be twice as dense as water, in which case, if such air and water could be contained in a strong glass vessel, the air would be seen to take the lowest place, and the water to float above and upon it;[D]and as we know not yet the degree of density to which air may be compressed; and M. Amontons calculated, that its density increasing as it approached the centre in the same proportion as above the surface, it would at the depth of—leagues be heavier than gold, possibly the dense fluid occupying the internal parts of the globe might be air compressed. And as the force of expansion in dense air, when heated, is in proportion to its density; thiscentral air might afford another agent to move the surface, as well as be of use in keeping alive the subterraneous fires; though, as you observe, the sudden rarefication of water coming into contact with those fires may also be an agent sufficiently strong for that purpose, when acting between the incumbent earth and the fluid on which it rests.

“If one might indulge imagination in supposing how such a globe was formed, I should conceive, that all the elements in separate particles being originally mixed in confusion, and occupying a great space, they would, as soon as the Almighty fiat ordained gravity or the mutual attraction of certain parts and the mutual repulsion of other parts to exist, all move towards their common centre: That the air being a fluid whose parts repel each other, though drawn to the common centre by their gravity, would be densest towards the centre and rarer as more remote; consequently all matters lighter than the central part of that air and immersed in it, would recede from the centre and rise till they arrived at that region of the air which was of the same specific gravity with themselves, where they would rest; while other matter, mixed with the lighter air would descend, and the two meeting would form the shell of the first earth, leaving the upper atmosphere nearly clear.[E]The original movement of the parts towards their common centre, would naturally form a whirl there, which would continue in the turning of the new formed globe upon its axis, and the greatest diameter of the shell would be in its equator. If by any accident afterwards, the axis should be changed,” [viz. by the impinging of a Buffon’s comet’s tail or the delivery of a Darwin’s moon] “thedense internal fluid by altering its form must burst the shelland throw all its substance into the confusion in which we find it!” There’s an air gun for your worships!

Now, if we did not possess a particular partiality for the sage who formed this system, we should probably break up his Eolian cave, even at the risk of creating half a hundred hurricanes. For should we open a vent as large as a needle’s point into this magazine of compressed air, you would instantly be assailed by “another guess whistling”[F]than was the tempest tost Trojan fleet when

Una Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque procellis.

[41]Destroy good doctor Burnet’s crust.We should be able to make much more rapid progress in our sublime flights of poetry, were we not under the necessity of dismounting from our Pegasus every ten paces, in order to give your worships a heist, and thus enable yourponderosities, like Mr Pope’s “slugs,” to keep up with us. It is a thousand to one if any one of your college has ever heard of Dr Burnet, of earth-manufacturing memory. But it is absolutely necessary that you should know something of Dr Burnet’s theory before you can comprehend the stanza to which this note has reference. You will, therefore, shut up this, my volume, andper fas aut nefasobtain possession of Dr Burnet’s theory of the earth’s formation; and when you have diligently drudged through that treatise, we will again take you in tow, and permit you to accompany us, but non passibus equis, till our muse salutes you with procul! O procul! &c.

[41]

Destroy good doctor Burnet’s crust.

We should be able to make much more rapid progress in our sublime flights of poetry, were we not under the necessity of dismounting from our Pegasus every ten paces, in order to give your worships a heist, and thus enable yourponderosities, like Mr Pope’s “slugs,” to keep up with us. It is a thousand to one if any one of your college has ever heard of Dr Burnet, of earth-manufacturing memory. But it is absolutely necessary that you should know something of Dr Burnet’s theory before you can comprehend the stanza to which this note has reference. You will, therefore, shut up this, my volume, andper fas aut nefasobtain possession of Dr Burnet’s theory of the earth’s formation; and when you have diligently drudged through that treatise, we will again take you in tow, and permit you to accompany us, but non passibus equis, till our muse salutes you with procul! O procul! &c.

[42]By Parker’s cement we’ll endeavor.A composition has been invented by a Mr Parker, which bids fair to become one of the most important discoveries which has signalized the present century. The gentleman has compounded a cement or mortar, which, by the mere action of the air, assumes in a week or two the durability and consistence of the hardest marble and the firmest stone, and may be applied to all the purposes to which the strongest grained freestone is usually applied. Bridges, aqueducts, houses, and we suppose pavements and roads, can be as well constructed of this material as of the ordinary matters used in their composition. The ornaments and articles usually made of marble can also be made of the same materials, as it admits of a high polish, is incalculably cheaper, just as durable, much lighter, and more easily worked. It is not unlikely, that the waters of the Croton may be brought to New York in pipes and aqueducts made of this article, as it would be so much more economical than if transported thither in a canal of masonry, besides that the new canal is impervious, never leaks, and consequently no expenses for repairing would be ever incurred. There is not an article used in household matters, or for public purposes that has formerly been made of stone, but admits of the substitution of this cheaper and lighter article; and we learn that the corporation have inspected the manufacture, and are impressed with a proper sense of its importance and applicability to civic purposes.—N. Y. Mirror.

[42]

By Parker’s cement we’ll endeavor.

A composition has been invented by a Mr Parker, which bids fair to become one of the most important discoveries which has signalized the present century. The gentleman has compounded a cement or mortar, which, by the mere action of the air, assumes in a week or two the durability and consistence of the hardest marble and the firmest stone, and may be applied to all the purposes to which the strongest grained freestone is usually applied. Bridges, aqueducts, houses, and we suppose pavements and roads, can be as well constructed of this material as of the ordinary matters used in their composition. The ornaments and articles usually made of marble can also be made of the same materials, as it admits of a high polish, is incalculably cheaper, just as durable, much lighter, and more easily worked. It is not unlikely, that the waters of the Croton may be brought to New York in pipes and aqueducts made of this article, as it would be so much more economical than if transported thither in a canal of masonry, besides that the new canal is impervious, never leaks, and consequently no expenses for repairing would be ever incurred. There is not an article used in household matters, or for public purposes that has formerly been made of stone, but admits of the substitution of this cheaper and lighter article; and we learn that the corporation have inspected the manufacture, and are impressed with a proper sense of its importance and applicability to civic purposes.—N. Y. Mirror.

[43]The foolish trash of Isaac Newton.SeeStudies of Nature, by St Pierre, in which that scheming philosopher has, with wonderful adroitness, swept away the cobweb calculations of one Isaac Newton. Indeed, I never much admired the writings of the last mentioned gentleman, for the substantial reasons following.In the first place, the inside of a man’s noddle must be better furnished than that of St Pierre, or he will never be able to comprehend them.Secondly, it would be impossible to manufacture a system, like that of St Pierre, accounting for the various phenomena of nature, in anewandsimplemethod, if one were obliged to proceed, like Newton, in hisPrincipia, in a dull, plodding, mathematical manner, andprove, or even renderprobable, the things he asserts. But by taking some facts for granted, without proof, omitting to mention such as militate against a favorite theory, we may, with great facility, erect a splendid edifice of “airy nothings,” founded on hypotheses without foundation.The said Isaac had taken it into his head that the earth’s equatorial was longer than its polar diameter. This, he surmised from the circumstance of a pendulum vibrating slower near the equator than near the pole, and from finding that the centrifugal force of the earth would not fully account for the difference between the time of the vibrations at Cayenne and at Paris.This, with other reasons equally plausible, led him to suppose that the earth was flattened near the poles, in the form of an oblate spheroid, and that a degree of latitude would, of consequence, be greater near the pole than at the equator. Actual admeasurement coincided with that conclusion.The abbe St Pierre, however, possessing a most laudable ambition to manufacture tides from polar ices, and thus to overturn Sir Isaac’s theory relative to the moon’s influence in producing those phenomena, and finding it somewhat convenient for that purpose to place his poles at a greater distance from the centre of gravity than the equator, accordingly took that liberty. He likewise had another substantial reason therefor. Unless his polar diameter was longer than his equatorial, the tides, being caused by the fusion of polar ices, must flow up hill.He therefore drew a beautiful diagram with which a triangle would (according to the scheme of the author ofThe Loves of the Triangles, improved from Dr Darwin’sLoves of the Plants) certainly fall in love at first sight. (See page xxxiv. Pref.Studies of Nature.) In displaying his geometrical skill in this diagram, however, he took care to forget that there was some little difference between anoblongand anoblatespheroid.—That flattening the earth’s surface, either in a direction perpendicular or parallel to the poles, wouldincreasethe length of a degree of latitude bydecreasingthe earth’s convexity. That neither an oblate, nor an oblong spheroid was quite sosphericalas a perfectsphere. This was very proper, because such facts would have been conclusive against his new Theory of the Tides.

[43]

The foolish trash of Isaac Newton.

SeeStudies of Nature, by St Pierre, in which that scheming philosopher has, with wonderful adroitness, swept away the cobweb calculations of one Isaac Newton. Indeed, I never much admired the writings of the last mentioned gentleman, for the substantial reasons following.

In the first place, the inside of a man’s noddle must be better furnished than that of St Pierre, or he will never be able to comprehend them.

Secondly, it would be impossible to manufacture a system, like that of St Pierre, accounting for the various phenomena of nature, in anewandsimplemethod, if one were obliged to proceed, like Newton, in hisPrincipia, in a dull, plodding, mathematical manner, andprove, or even renderprobable, the things he asserts. But by taking some facts for granted, without proof, omitting to mention such as militate against a favorite theory, we may, with great facility, erect a splendid edifice of “airy nothings,” founded on hypotheses without foundation.

The said Isaac had taken it into his head that the earth’s equatorial was longer than its polar diameter. This, he surmised from the circumstance of a pendulum vibrating slower near the equator than near the pole, and from finding that the centrifugal force of the earth would not fully account for the difference between the time of the vibrations at Cayenne and at Paris.

This, with other reasons equally plausible, led him to suppose that the earth was flattened near the poles, in the form of an oblate spheroid, and that a degree of latitude would, of consequence, be greater near the pole than at the equator. Actual admeasurement coincided with that conclusion.

The abbe St Pierre, however, possessing a most laudable ambition to manufacture tides from polar ices, and thus to overturn Sir Isaac’s theory relative to the moon’s influence in producing those phenomena, and finding it somewhat convenient for that purpose to place his poles at a greater distance from the centre of gravity than the equator, accordingly took that liberty. He likewise had another substantial reason therefor. Unless his polar diameter was longer than his equatorial, the tides, being caused by the fusion of polar ices, must flow up hill.

He therefore drew a beautiful diagram with which a triangle would (according to the scheme of the author ofThe Loves of the Triangles, improved from Dr Darwin’sLoves of the Plants) certainly fall in love at first sight. (See page xxxiv. Pref.Studies of Nature.) In displaying his geometrical skill in this diagram, however, he took care to forget that there was some little difference between anoblongand anoblatespheroid.—That flattening the earth’s surface, either in a direction perpendicular or parallel to the poles, wouldincreasethe length of a degree of latitude bydecreasingthe earth’s convexity. That neither an oblate, nor an oblong spheroid was quite sosphericalas a perfectsphere. This was very proper, because such facts would have been conclusive against his new Theory of the Tides.

[44]To make a clever sort of plough.If you wish, gentlemen, to know anything further relative to this instinctive plough, you will take the trouble to consult Mr Godwin’sPolitical Justice, in which you will find almost as many sublime andpracticableschemes for meliorating the condition of man, as in this very erudite work of my own. Let it not be inferred from my not enlarging upon the present and other schemes of this philosopher, that I would regard him as one whit inferior to any othermodernphilosopher existing, not even excepting his friend Holcroft; but the necessity of expatiating on the redundancy of Mr Godwin’s merits, is totally precluded by the unbounded fame which hischasteproductions have at length acquired among thevirtuousandrespectableclasses in community.

[44]

To make a clever sort of plough.

If you wish, gentlemen, to know anything further relative to this instinctive plough, you will take the trouble to consult Mr Godwin’sPolitical Justice, in which you will find almost as many sublime andpracticableschemes for meliorating the condition of man, as in this very erudite work of my own. Let it not be inferred from my not enlarging upon the present and other schemes of this philosopher, that I would regard him as one whit inferior to any othermodernphilosopher existing, not even excepting his friend Holcroft; but the necessity of expatiating on the redundancy of Mr Godwin’s merits, is totally precluded by the unbounded fame which hischasteproductions have at length acquired among thevirtuousandrespectableclasses in community.

[45]They show us how to live for ever.The learned Dr Price, in hisTracts on Civil Liberty, assures us that such sublime discoveries will be hereafter made by men of science (meaning such as Dr Caustic) that it will be possible to cure the disease of old age, give man a perpetual sublunary existence, and introduce the millenium, by natural causes.

[45]

They show us how to live for ever.

The learned Dr Price, in hisTracts on Civil Liberty, assures us that such sublime discoveries will be hereafter made by men of science (meaning such as Dr Caustic) that it will be possible to cure the disease of old age, give man a perpetual sublunary existence, and introduce the millenium, by natural causes.

[46]His newexplodedsolar system.“Through all the realms the kindling ether runs,And the mass starts into a million suns;Earths round each sun with quick explosions burst,And second planets issue from the first;Bend, as they journey with projectile force,In bright ellipses their reluctant course;Orbs wheel in orbs, round centres centres roll,And form, self-balanced one revolving whole.”Botanic Garden, Canto i.This sublime philosopher has been most atrociously squibbed in the following performance, which I can assure you, gentlemen, is not mine; and, if I could meet with the author, I would teach him better than to bespatter my favorite with the filth of his obloquy.“Lines on a certain philosopher, who maintains that all continents and islands were thrown from the sea by volcanoes; and that all animal life originally sprung from the exuviæ of fishes. His family arms are three scallop shells, and his motto, “Omnia e Conchis.”“From atoms in confusion hurl’d,Old Epicurus built a world;—Maintain’d that all was accidental,Whether corporeal powers, or mental;That feet were not devised for walking,For eating, teeth; nor tongues for talking;ButCHANCE, the casual texture made,And thus each member found its trade.And in this hodge podge of stark nonsense,He buried virtue, truth and conscience—Darwin at last resolves to listUnder this grand cosmogonist.He, too, renounces his Creator,And solves all sense from senseless matter;Makes men start up from dead fish bones,As old Deucalion did from stones;Forms mortals quick as eyes could twinkle,From lobster, crab, and periwinkle—Oh Doctor! Change thy foolish motto,Or keep it for some lady’s grotto:Else thy poor patients well may quake,If thou canst no more mend than make.”

[46]

His newexplodedsolar system.

“Through all the realms the kindling ether runs,And the mass starts into a million suns;Earths round each sun with quick explosions burst,And second planets issue from the first;Bend, as they journey with projectile force,In bright ellipses their reluctant course;Orbs wheel in orbs, round centres centres roll,And form, self-balanced one revolving whole.”Botanic Garden, Canto i.

“Through all the realms the kindling ether runs,

And the mass starts into a million suns;

Earths round each sun with quick explosions burst,

And second planets issue from the first;

Bend, as they journey with projectile force,

In bright ellipses their reluctant course;

Orbs wheel in orbs, round centres centres roll,

And form, self-balanced one revolving whole.”

Botanic Garden, Canto i.

This sublime philosopher has been most atrociously squibbed in the following performance, which I can assure you, gentlemen, is not mine; and, if I could meet with the author, I would teach him better than to bespatter my favorite with the filth of his obloquy.

“Lines on a certain philosopher, who maintains that all continents and islands were thrown from the sea by volcanoes; and that all animal life originally sprung from the exuviæ of fishes. His family arms are three scallop shells, and his motto, “Omnia e Conchis.”

“From atoms in confusion hurl’d,Old Epicurus built a world;—Maintain’d that all was accidental,Whether corporeal powers, or mental;That feet were not devised for walking,For eating, teeth; nor tongues for talking;ButCHANCE, the casual texture made,And thus each member found its trade.And in this hodge podge of stark nonsense,He buried virtue, truth and conscience—Darwin at last resolves to listUnder this grand cosmogonist.He, too, renounces his Creator,And solves all sense from senseless matter;Makes men start up from dead fish bones,As old Deucalion did from stones;Forms mortals quick as eyes could twinkle,From lobster, crab, and periwinkle—Oh Doctor! Change thy foolish motto,Or keep it for some lady’s grotto:Else thy poor patients well may quake,If thou canst no more mend than make.”

“From atoms in confusion hurl’d,

Old Epicurus built a world;—

Maintain’d that all was accidental,

Whether corporeal powers, or mental;

That feet were not devised for walking,

For eating, teeth; nor tongues for talking;

ButCHANCE, the casual texture made,

And thus each member found its trade.

And in this hodge podge of stark nonsense,

He buried virtue, truth and conscience—

Darwin at last resolves to list

Under this grand cosmogonist.

He, too, renounces his Creator,

And solves all sense from senseless matter;

Makes men start up from dead fish bones,

As old Deucalion did from stones;

Forms mortals quick as eyes could twinkle,

From lobster, crab, and periwinkle—

Oh Doctor! Change thy foolish motto,

Or keep it for some lady’s grotto:

Else thy poor patients well may quake,

If thou canst no more mend than make.”

[47]First peer’d our continent through and through.Citizen Volney made a very curious, simple, and convenient division of the “Interior Structure” of North America, from certain specimens of mineral substances, collected by this industrious pedestrian in a tour of observation through the United States. Notwithstanding the immense extent of territory which has come under citizen Volney’s cognizance, and the short time which he did us the honor to reside and peregrinate among us, we find that he was able to parcel our continent into different interior departments, with as much precision as Buonaparte showed in marking the different provinces of his empire. He gives us “The granite region, the grit or sandstone region, the calcareous or limestone region,” &c. &c.Now this division is the more ingenious, because it possesses no foundation in nature; and therefore shows a wonderful invention in its author. It happens, luckily for this fine theory, that granite is found in wonderful abundance in the limestone region, and that throughout the continent, in defiance of Mr Volney, we find that nature has jumbled all his “regions” together. Nature, having made some confusion in this way, has the more need of the assistance of modern philosophy to aid her defective operations.

[47]

First peer’d our continent through and through.

Citizen Volney made a very curious, simple, and convenient division of the “Interior Structure” of North America, from certain specimens of mineral substances, collected by this industrious pedestrian in a tour of observation through the United States. Notwithstanding the immense extent of territory which has come under citizen Volney’s cognizance, and the short time which he did us the honor to reside and peregrinate among us, we find that he was able to parcel our continent into different interior departments, with as much precision as Buonaparte showed in marking the different provinces of his empire. He gives us “The granite region, the grit or sandstone region, the calcareous or limestone region,” &c. &c.

Now this division is the more ingenious, because it possesses no foundation in nature; and therefore shows a wonderful invention in its author. It happens, luckily for this fine theory, that granite is found in wonderful abundance in the limestone region, and that throughout the continent, in defiance of Mr Volney, we find that nature has jumbled all his “regions” together. Nature, having made some confusion in this way, has the more need of the assistance of modern philosophy to aid her defective operations.

[48]OfgraduatedFrench morality.This gentleman published in America a small pamphlet, entitled, The Law of Nature, or Principles or Morality, deduced from the Physical Constitution of Mankind and the Universe. In this he tells us, “It is high time to prove that morality is a physical andgeometricalscience, and as such, susceptible, like the rest, of calculation and mathematical demonstration.”My friend, doctor Timothy Triangle, is much such another philosopher; but has surpassed the Frenchman in the extent of his views, and made systems which were entirely out of the reach of Mr Volney’s intellect. Among others, wasa scale of national character. By this, the latitude and longitude of a place being given, and a sort of tare and tret allowance made for adventitious circumstances, he could ascertain the character of its inhabitants. The latitude of Paris, he affirmed, was that of perfectibility made perfect, and most lucidly manifested in the person of theLiberty-lovingEmperor. Rise to the equator, or recede to the pole from that parallel, and human nature dwindles in arithmetical progression.This gentleman was a great admirer of the principles of the French revolution, and made out, mathematically, how much blood, horror, and devastation would be necessary to give that predominance to France and French principles, which would terminate in philosophy’s millennium.Dr Triangle likewise madegeometrical scalesof morality; which were not very essentially different from the principles of Volney. These scales were adapted accurately to the interest, feelings, passions, and prepossessions of the persons for whom they were intended, and soelasticthat they would stretch to suit any case, and authorize any action which could be conceived or perpetrated.

[48]

OfgraduatedFrench morality.

This gentleman published in America a small pamphlet, entitled, The Law of Nature, or Principles or Morality, deduced from the Physical Constitution of Mankind and the Universe. In this he tells us, “It is high time to prove that morality is a physical andgeometricalscience, and as such, susceptible, like the rest, of calculation and mathematical demonstration.”

My friend, doctor Timothy Triangle, is much such another philosopher; but has surpassed the Frenchman in the extent of his views, and made systems which were entirely out of the reach of Mr Volney’s intellect. Among others, wasa scale of national character. By this, the latitude and longitude of a place being given, and a sort of tare and tret allowance made for adventitious circumstances, he could ascertain the character of its inhabitants. The latitude of Paris, he affirmed, was that of perfectibility made perfect, and most lucidly manifested in the person of theLiberty-lovingEmperor. Rise to the equator, or recede to the pole from that parallel, and human nature dwindles in arithmetical progression.

This gentleman was a great admirer of the principles of the French revolution, and made out, mathematically, how much blood, horror, and devastation would be necessary to give that predominance to France and French principles, which would terminate in philosophy’s millennium.

Dr Triangle likewise madegeometrical scalesof morality; which were not very essentially different from the principles of Volney. These scales were adapted accurately to the interest, feelings, passions, and prepossessions of the persons for whom they were intended, and soelasticthat they would stretch to suit any case, and authorize any action which could be conceived or perpetrated.

[49]ByPerkins’s Metallic Practice.Here comes theHydra, which you Herculean gentlemen are requested to destroy; but the means, by which this great end is to be accomplished, will be fully pointed out in the succeeding cantos.

[49]

ByPerkins’s Metallic Practice.

Here comes theHydra, which you Herculean gentlemen are requested to destroy; but the means, by which this great end is to be accomplished, will be fully pointed out in the succeeding cantos.

[50]“Not so boldArnall; with a weight of skullFurious he drives precipitately dull:Whirlpools and storms his circling arms invest,With all the weight of gravitation blest.”Pope’s Dunciad, Book iii.

[50]

“Not so boldArnall; with a weight of skullFurious he drives precipitately dull:Whirlpools and storms his circling arms invest,With all the weight of gravitation blest.”Pope’s Dunciad, Book iii.

“Not so boldArnall; with a weight of skull

Furious he drives precipitately dull:

Whirlpools and storms his circling arms invest,

With all the weight of gravitation blest.”

Pope’s Dunciad, Book iii.

[51]But I’m a man so meek and humble.If your worships have ever read the Eneid of one Virgil (which thoughpossibleis not veryprobable, as physicians in general rarely make themselves “mad,” by “too much learning”) you will perceive aclassicalbeauty in the commencement of this canto, which would escape the observation of the “ignobile vulgus.” As I wish, however, that you might be able to relish some of the most obvious beauties of this, my most exquisite poetical production, you will hire some schoolmaster to show you how happily we have imitated the “At regina gravi” of Virgil, and the “But now t’ observe romantic method” of Butler.

[51]

But I’m a man so meek and humble.

If your worships have ever read the Eneid of one Virgil (which thoughpossibleis not veryprobable, as physicians in general rarely make themselves “mad,” by “too much learning”) you will perceive aclassicalbeauty in the commencement of this canto, which would escape the observation of the “ignobile vulgus.” As I wish, however, that you might be able to relish some of the most obvious beauties of this, my most exquisite poetical production, you will hire some schoolmaster to show you how happily we have imitated the “At regina gravi” of Virgil, and the “But now t’ observe romantic method” of Butler.

[52]Thoughstarvingis aseriousmatter!Many a worthy London alderman will most feelingly sigh a dolorous response to this pathetic complaint.

[52]

Thoughstarvingis aseriousmatter!

Many a worthy London alderman will most feelingly sigh a dolorous response to this pathetic complaint.

[53]We all must be in one sad mess.The sound is here a most correct echo to the sense; like theΒη δ’ ακεων παρα θινα πολυφλοισβοιο θαλασσης,of Homer; theQuadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum,of Virgil; theMany a lusty thwack and bang,of Butler;And ten low words oft creep in one dull line,of Pope, &c. Indeed, gentlemen, I shall almost be tempted to pronounce that person a sorry sort of a simpleton, who does not see, or seem to see, the lengthened visage and hanging lip of our learned Esculapian Fraternity, depicted with the phiz-hitting pencil of a Hogarth, in these eight beautiful and appropriate monosyllables.

[53]

We all must be in one sad mess.

The sound is here a most correct echo to the sense; like the

Βη δ’ ακεων παρα θινα πολυφλοισβοιο θαλασσης,

of Homer; the

Quadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum,

of Virgil; the

Many a lusty thwack and bang,

of Butler;

And ten low words oft creep in one dull line,

of Pope, &c. Indeed, gentlemen, I shall almost be tempted to pronounce that person a sorry sort of a simpleton, who does not see, or seem to see, the lengthened visage and hanging lip of our learned Esculapian Fraternity, depicted with the phiz-hitting pencil of a Hogarth, in these eight beautiful and appropriate monosyllables.

[54]Behold a risingInstitution.The builders of this second edition of the tower of Babel must be confounded; and that they will be, most certainly, provided the measures herein after recommended, be fully and manfully carried into effect. But as it may be safest to reconnoitre somewhat before we begin the attack, we will introduce you into the midst of the enemy’s encampment, in an additional note at the end of our poem.

[54]

Behold a risingInstitution.

The builders of this second edition of the tower of Babel must be confounded; and that they will be, most certainly, provided the measures herein after recommended, be fully and manfully carried into effect. But as it may be safest to reconnoitre somewhat before we begin the attack, we will introduce you into the midst of the enemy’s encampment, in an additional note at the end of our poem.

[55]Perkins supported by Aldini!These two wonder-working wizards are said to effect their necromantic manœuvres by the application of similar principles to the animal machine. But the latter does not, in so great a degree, infringe on our privileges, for hebeginswhere weleaveoff; that is, after the patient isdead; whereas Perkins, by his pretended easy and expeditious mode of curing those who ought to depend solely on “death and the doctor,” is a more formidable foe to our profession. See additional note, No. 3.

[55]

Perkins supported by Aldini!

These two wonder-working wizards are said to effect their necromantic manœuvres by the application of similar principles to the animal machine. But the latter does not, in so great a degree, infringe on our privileges, for hebeginswhere weleaveoff; that is, after the patient isdead; whereas Perkins, by his pretended easy and expeditious mode of curing those who ought to depend solely on “death and the doctor,” is a more formidable foe to our profession. See additional note, No. 3.

[56]To raise a dead dog he was able.“Dr Aldini, now in London, lately exhibited, at the house of Mr Hunter, some curious experiments on the body of a dog newly killed, by which the company then present were exceedingly astonished at the powers ofGalvanism. The head of the animal was cut off. The head and the body were put beside each other on a table, previously rubbed with a solution of Ammonia. Two wires, communicating with the Galvanic trough, were then applied, the one in the ear, the other at the anus of the dead animal. No sooner had those applications been made, than both head and body were thrown into the most animated muscular motions. The body started up with a movement, by which it passed over the side of the table. The head equally moved, its lips and teeth grinning most violently!” Vide theMorning Postof January 6th, 1803.

[56]

To raise a dead dog he was able.

“Dr Aldini, now in London, lately exhibited, at the house of Mr Hunter, some curious experiments on the body of a dog newly killed, by which the company then present were exceedingly astonished at the powers ofGalvanism. The head of the animal was cut off. The head and the body were put beside each other on a table, previously rubbed with a solution of Ammonia. Two wires, communicating with the Galvanic trough, were then applied, the one in the ear, the other at the anus of the dead animal. No sooner had those applications been made, than both head and body were thrown into the most animated muscular motions. The body started up with a movement, by which it passed over the side of the table. The head equally moved, its lips and teeth grinning most violently!” Vide theMorning Postof January 6th, 1803.

[57]With two legs up, and two legs down.Your worships will perceive that I have detailed some particulars relative to this famous experiment, which were omitted in the above statement from theMorning Post. But should any gentleman among you presume to intimate that I have stated one syllable which is not strictly and literallytrue, I shall embrace the fashionable mode of resenting the affront. I have two pistols in my garret. Let him who dares dispute Dr Caustic take his choice. Then, unless“Pallas should come, in shape of rust,And ’twixt the lock and hammer thrustHer Gorgon shield, and make the cockStand stiff as ’twere transform’d to stock,”I will make it apparent that I am a man of honor, as well as veracity.

[57]

With two legs up, and two legs down.

Your worships will perceive that I have detailed some particulars relative to this famous experiment, which were omitted in the above statement from theMorning Post. But should any gentleman among you presume to intimate that I have stated one syllable which is not strictly and literallytrue, I shall embrace the fashionable mode of resenting the affront. I have two pistols in my garret. Let him who dares dispute Dr Caustic take his choice. Then, unless

“Pallas should come, in shape of rust,And ’twixt the lock and hammer thrustHer Gorgon shield, and make the cockStand stiff as ’twere transform’d to stock,”

“Pallas should come, in shape of rust,

And ’twixt the lock and hammer thrust

Her Gorgon shield, and make the cock

Stand stiff as ’twere transform’d to stock,”

I will make it apparent that I am a man of honor, as well as veracity.

[58]He made itbellowlike a Stentor!“Some curious Galvanic experiments were made on Friday last, by professor Aldini, in doctor Pearson’s lecture room. They were instituted in the presence of his excellency, the ambassador of France, general Andreossi, lord Pelham, the duke of Roxburgh, lord Castlereagh, lord Hervey, the Hon. Mr Upton, &c. The head of an ox, recently decapitated, exhibited astonishing effects; for the tongue being drawn out by a hook fixed into it, on applying the exciters, in spite of the strength of the assistant, was retracted, so as to detach itself, by tearing itself from the hook; at the same time, a loud noise issued from the mouth, attended by violent contortions of the whole head and eyes.” SeeMorning Postof February 16th, 1803.

[58]

He made itbellowlike a Stentor!

“Some curious Galvanic experiments were made on Friday last, by professor Aldini, in doctor Pearson’s lecture room. They were instituted in the presence of his excellency, the ambassador of France, general Andreossi, lord Pelham, the duke of Roxburgh, lord Castlereagh, lord Hervey, the Hon. Mr Upton, &c. The head of an ox, recently decapitated, exhibited astonishing effects; for the tongue being drawn out by a hook fixed into it, on applying the exciters, in spite of the strength of the assistant, was retracted, so as to detach itself, by tearing itself from the hook; at the same time, a loud noise issued from the mouth, attended by violent contortions of the whole head and eyes.” SeeMorning Postof February 16th, 1803.

[59]Rogues that were hungonce, at Old Bailey!“The body of Forster, who was executed on Monday last, for murder, was conveyed to a house not far distant, where it was subjected to theGalvanicprocess, by professor Aldini, under the inspection of Mr Keate, Mr Carpue, and several other professional gentlemen. M. Aldini, who is the nephew of the discoverer of this most interesting science, showed the eminent and superior powers ofGalvanismto be far beyond any other stimulant in nature. On the first application of the process to the face, the jaw of the deceased criminal began to quiver; and the adjoining muscles were horribly contorted, and one eye was actually opened. In the subsequent part of the process, theright hand was raised andCLENCHED, and the legs and thighs were set in motion.“It appeared to the uninformed part of the by-standers, as if the wretched man was on the eve of being restored to life. This, however, was impossible; as several of his friends, who were near the scaffold, had violently pulled his legs, in order to put a more speedy termination to his sufferings.” Vide theMorning Postof January 22, 1803.It is to be hoped, in case this Mr Professor undertakes any future operations of this nature, that some morecholeric dead manwill not only clench his fist like Forster, but convince him, by dint ofpugilistic demonstration, that he is not to disturb with impunity those who ought to be at “rest from their labors.”

[59]

Rogues that were hungonce, at Old Bailey!

“The body of Forster, who was executed on Monday last, for murder, was conveyed to a house not far distant, where it was subjected to theGalvanicprocess, by professor Aldini, under the inspection of Mr Keate, Mr Carpue, and several other professional gentlemen. M. Aldini, who is the nephew of the discoverer of this most interesting science, showed the eminent and superior powers ofGalvanismto be far beyond any other stimulant in nature. On the first application of the process to the face, the jaw of the deceased criminal began to quiver; and the adjoining muscles were horribly contorted, and one eye was actually opened. In the subsequent part of the process, theright hand was raised andCLENCHED, and the legs and thighs were set in motion.

“It appeared to the uninformed part of the by-standers, as if the wretched man was on the eve of being restored to life. This, however, was impossible; as several of his friends, who were near the scaffold, had violently pulled his legs, in order to put a more speedy termination to his sufferings.” Vide theMorning Postof January 22, 1803.

It is to be hoped, in case this Mr Professor undertakes any future operations of this nature, that some morecholeric dead manwill not only clench his fist like Forster, but convince him, by dint ofpugilistic demonstration, that he is not to disturb with impunity those who ought to be at “rest from their labors.”

[60]He sees their worships plague oldFrancis.DrFrancis Anthony. The author of theBiographia Britannicarelates a pitiful tale respecting the persecutions suffered by this obstinate old schismatic. “He was,” says that writer, “a very learned physician and chemist, the son of an eminent goldsmith in London. Was born April 16th, 1550. In 1569, he was sent to the university of Cambridge; in 1574, took the degree of A. M. &c. &c. He began soon after his arrival (in London) to publish to the world the effects of his chemical studies. But not having taken the necessary precaution of addressing himself to the College of Physicians for their license, he fell under their displeasure; and being some time in the year 1600 summoned before the president and censors, heconfessedthat he had practised physic in London for six months, andhad cured twenty persons or more of several diseases.” [A most atrocious crime! I trust very few if any of your worships would be justified inconfessingorpleading guiltyto a similar indictment.] “About one month after, he was committed to the Counter prison, and fined in the sum of five poundspropter illicitam praxim—that is, for prescribing against the statutes of the college: but upon his application to the chief justice, he was set at liberty, which gave so great an umbrage, that the president and one of the censors waited on the chief justice to request his favor in preserving the college privileges: upon which Anthony submitted and promised to pay his fine, and was forbidden practice. He was soon after accused again for practising physic, and upon his own confession was fined another five pounds, which fine, on his refusing to pay, was increased to twenty pounds, and he was sentenced to be committed to prison till he had paid it. Nor was the college satisfied with this, but commenced a suit at law against him, in the name of the queen and college, in which they prevailed, and had judgment against him. It appears that the learned society thought him ignorant; but there were others of a different opinion, since, after all these censures, and being tossed about from prison to prison, he became doctor of physic in our own universities!”This is the substance of the proceedings of our ancestors against the arch-heretic; from which we learn the absolute necessity of a still more rigorous prosecution of those disturbers of society, who have the impudence tocuretheir patients withoutyour License. Had this old fellow been hung, or “burnt off,” as he deserved, the business would have been finished at once, and none would afterwards have dared ever to call in question your supremacy!

[60]

He sees their worships plague oldFrancis.

DrFrancis Anthony. The author of theBiographia Britannicarelates a pitiful tale respecting the persecutions suffered by this obstinate old schismatic. “He was,” says that writer, “a very learned physician and chemist, the son of an eminent goldsmith in London. Was born April 16th, 1550. In 1569, he was sent to the university of Cambridge; in 1574, took the degree of A. M. &c. &c. He began soon after his arrival (in London) to publish to the world the effects of his chemical studies. But not having taken the necessary precaution of addressing himself to the College of Physicians for their license, he fell under their displeasure; and being some time in the year 1600 summoned before the president and censors, heconfessedthat he had practised physic in London for six months, andhad cured twenty persons or more of several diseases.” [A most atrocious crime! I trust very few if any of your worships would be justified inconfessingorpleading guiltyto a similar indictment.] “About one month after, he was committed to the Counter prison, and fined in the sum of five poundspropter illicitam praxim—that is, for prescribing against the statutes of the college: but upon his application to the chief justice, he was set at liberty, which gave so great an umbrage, that the president and one of the censors waited on the chief justice to request his favor in preserving the college privileges: upon which Anthony submitted and promised to pay his fine, and was forbidden practice. He was soon after accused again for practising physic, and upon his own confession was fined another five pounds, which fine, on his refusing to pay, was increased to twenty pounds, and he was sentenced to be committed to prison till he had paid it. Nor was the college satisfied with this, but commenced a suit at law against him, in the name of the queen and college, in which they prevailed, and had judgment against him. It appears that the learned society thought him ignorant; but there were others of a different opinion, since, after all these censures, and being tossed about from prison to prison, he became doctor of physic in our own universities!”

This is the substance of the proceedings of our ancestors against the arch-heretic; from which we learn the absolute necessity of a still more rigorous prosecution of those disturbers of society, who have the impudence tocuretheir patients withoutyour License. Had this old fellow been hung, or “burnt off,” as he deserved, the business would have been finished at once, and none would afterwards have dared ever to call in question your supremacy!

[61]Why scream the bats! why hoot the owls!While Darwin’s midnight bull-dog howls!A delectable imitation of Dr Darwin’s delightful pair of lines—“Shrill scream the famish’d bats and shiverings owls,And long and loud the dog of midnight howls.To prevent anypost obitdisputes among those who may hereafter write comments on this sublime passage, I have thought it advisable to designate thespeciesof the dog which howls so horridly on this great occasion.

[61]

Why scream the bats! why hoot the owls!While Darwin’s midnight bull-dog howls!

Why scream the bats! why hoot the owls!

While Darwin’s midnight bull-dog howls!

A delectable imitation of Dr Darwin’s delightful pair of lines—

“Shrill scream the famish’d bats and shiverings owls,And long and loud the dog of midnight howls.

“Shrill scream the famish’d bats and shiverings owls,

And long and loud the dog of midnight howls.

To prevent anypost obitdisputes among those who may hereafter write comments on this sublime passage, I have thought it advisable to designate thespeciesof the dog which howls so horridly on this great occasion.

[62]’Tis Radcliffe’s sullen sprite now rising.This shows Pluto to be a god of correct calculation. Had he sent one of your water-gruel ghosts, it is a thousand to one if your worships would have paid the least deference to the mandates of his sooty highness.

[62]

’Tis Radcliffe’s sullen sprite now rising.

This shows Pluto to be a god of correct calculation. Had he sent one of your water-gruel ghosts, it is a thousand to one if your worships would have paid the least deference to the mandates of his sooty highness.

[63]Or Monk-y Lewis’ Spanish Spectre!I would have no impudent slanderer insinuate that I mean to bestow on the right honorable M. G. Lewis, M. P. any opprobrious epithet. No, gentlemen, I did not saymonkey. The term which I use is an adjective, legitimately coined from the substantiveMonk; and I affix it to this gentleman’s name as an honorary appellation, to which he is entitled, for having written that celebrated romance calledThe Monk. As to theSpanish Spectre, you will please to consult the romance aforesaid, and you will find a most horrible ballad, by which it appears that a certain Miss Imogene was carried off on her bridal night, if I mistake not, by the ghost of one Don Alonzo, to whom she had been betrothed, but proved false hearted. I would, however, caution against reading this doleful ditty by candle light, lest the story of“The worms they crept in, and the worms they crept out,And they sported his eyes and his temples about,”mightsportwith the senses of the more timid reader.

[63]

Or Monk-y Lewis’ Spanish Spectre!

I would have no impudent slanderer insinuate that I mean to bestow on the right honorable M. G. Lewis, M. P. any opprobrious epithet. No, gentlemen, I did not saymonkey. The term which I use is an adjective, legitimately coined from the substantiveMonk; and I affix it to this gentleman’s name as an honorary appellation, to which he is entitled, for having written that celebrated romance calledThe Monk. As to theSpanish Spectre, you will please to consult the romance aforesaid, and you will find a most horrible ballad, by which it appears that a certain Miss Imogene was carried off on her bridal night, if I mistake not, by the ghost of one Don Alonzo, to whom she had been betrothed, but proved false hearted. I would, however, caution against reading this doleful ditty by candle light, lest the story of

“The worms they crept in, and the worms they crept out,And they sported his eyes and his temples about,”

“The worms they crept in, and the worms they crept out,

And they sported his eyes and his temples about,”

mightsportwith the senses of the more timid reader.

[64]To make above ground one d—d flurry!I earnestly request that the learned college will not do me the injustice to suppose that a man of my delicacy and refined feelings wouldmyselfutter any phrase like the above, which has so much the semblance of profanity. But as this personage, before he passed that fatal “bourne” (from whichone“traveller”has“returned”) had ever been accustomed, like most of our profession, to rhetorical flourishes of this kind, it must be expected that, on such an important occasion, he would express himself with all his wonted energy; and my veracity as a historian obliges me to giveverbatimthe speech which the sprite did in fact deliver.

[64]

To make above ground one d—d flurry!

I earnestly request that the learned college will not do me the injustice to suppose that a man of my delicacy and refined feelings wouldmyselfutter any phrase like the above, which has so much the semblance of profanity. But as this personage, before he passed that fatal “bourne” (from whichone“traveller”has“returned”) had ever been accustomed, like most of our profession, to rhetorical flourishes of this kind, it must be expected that, on such an important occasion, he would express himself with all his wonted energy; and my veracity as a historian obliges me to giveverbatimthe speech which the sprite did in fact deliver.

[65]And cannot payNINETEEN POUNDS TEN”!!!The terrible shock given not only to Mr Addington, but to the credit of the British nation, by this famous sally of that teasing, testy, querulous, alarming, honorable, cidevant member of the House of Commons, is undoubtedly fresh in the recollection of every person, who has the least smattering in parliamentary debates: and every true patriot and friend to thepeaceof —— our prime minister, will congratulate the country on the failure of Mr Robson’s election, as well as that of his co-operator, Mr Jones, into the new parliament.

[65]

And cannot payNINETEEN POUNDS TEN”!!!

The terrible shock given not only to Mr Addington, but to the credit of the British nation, by this famous sally of that teasing, testy, querulous, alarming, honorable, cidevant member of the House of Commons, is undoubtedly fresh in the recollection of every person, who has the least smattering in parliamentary debates: and every true patriot and friend to thepeaceof —— our prime minister, will congratulate the country on the failure of Mr Robson’s election, as well as that of his co-operator, Mr Jones, into the new parliament.

[66]Found Hawkesbury’s letter all a take-in.Now I know the man who cobbled up the famous humbug peace with France, which, in my opinion, was a manœuvre that did honor to its inventor. He tenants a garret adjacent to mine. But Dr Caustic is an honorable man, and twice the £5000 offered by the stock exchange, with the £500 by the lord mayor, for his apprehension, would not tempt him to expose the neck of his friend to the noose of justice. This I premise, that the Bow street officers may not misapply their time and talents in any futile attempts to wheedle or extort the secret.

[66]

Found Hawkesbury’s letter all a take-in.

Now I know the man who cobbled up the famous humbug peace with France, which, in my opinion, was a manœuvre that did honor to its inventor. He tenants a garret adjacent to mine. But Dr Caustic is an honorable man, and twice the £5000 offered by the stock exchange, with the £500 by the lord mayor, for his apprehension, would not tempt him to expose the neck of his friend to the noose of justice. This I premise, that the Bow street officers may not misapply their time and talents in any futile attempts to wheedle or extort the secret.

[67]Broke a whole gallipot of wrath!I beseech you, gentlemen, to suspend your impatience relative to this wonderful achievement, till you havesoaredthrough a few stanzas. In the meantime, however, I wish that this my favorite hero, and burthen of my song, should stand high with your worships, and be the object of the humble admiration, not only of your honorable body, but of mankind in general: and I, myself, shall take the liberty to trample on all those, who dare call in question his infallibility. I have a knowledge of but few, who more deserve to be trodden upon on this occasion than the conductors of certain foreign literary journals, who, not aware of the inconceivable services which Dr H. has rendered the medical host by his ardent zeal against their common enemy, Perkinism, have expressed their sentiments of him, and his works, with that indifference, which must have arisen from their want of knowledge of his achievements.Among the most prominent of this junto should be mentioned theMedical Repository, at New York, conducted by professors Mitchell and Miller, of that place, the former of whom I understand is a representative in the Congress of the United States, an eminent physician, and the celebrated author of what is usually termed the “Mitchellian Theory of Contagion,” alterations in the French Chemical Nomenclature, &c. The latter, I am told, is likewise a physician of great respectability.Now that two such characters should presume to represent Dr H. as a man, whose “vanity is more conspicuous than his ability,” is a circumstance which, while it excites my surprise, rouses my resentment. However, to accomplish their disgrace and his renown, I shall concisely state his magnanimous conduct to them, and their ungracious return.Dr H. in great condescension to the poor wretches of the United States, who, through the ignorance andinexperienceof their medical practitioners, were likely to be extirpated by the yellow fever, addressed them in an affectionate letter, and proclaimed the barbarity and unskilfulness of their physicians, in a very appropriate and becoming manner. He even kindly apprized the Academy of Medicine, at Philadelphia, that their proceedings and reasonings on the disease among them were “frivolous, inadequate, and groundless,” and communicated many other facts equally useful and important.Now, whether his statements were true or false, those foreigners ought to have been grateful to Dr H. forhonoringthem with the information. But on the contrary, they say that “a poison, which, in the city of New York, has destroyed, within three months, the lives of more than twenty practitioners of medicine, well deserves to be traced and understood by the survivors.” They even have the audacity to assert, that “American physicians and philosophers, who have viewed the rise and progress of pestilence, walked amidst it by day and by night, year after year, and endured its violence on their own persons, almost to the extinction of their lives,” ought to be as competent judges of the cause and cure of the disease as Dr Haygarth, who has never seen a case of it.After entering into a copious (about 20 pages) and what they seem to think a learned investigation of my great friend’s theory and sentiments, they have dared to refute his reasoning, and turn it to ridicule.These presumptuous writers finally close their unreasonable account of Dr Haygarth, in quotations from Dr Caldwell, who, it appears, is a fellow of the college of physicians of Philadelphia, and a very ungentleman-likefellowtoo, for he has also had the rashness to descant on some of the works of Dr Haygarth in terms following.“Perhaps he (Dr Haygarth) may found the boldness of his pretensions as an author on the maturity of his years. Many writers less youthful are more modest; and it is to be lamented that grey hairs give noinfallibleearnest of either wisdom or liberality. We will not positively assert that he is not a man of profound erudition; but we have no reason whatever to convince us that he is. Perhaps he may pride himself on being a native of the same country which produced a Harvey, a Sydenham, a Cullen, and a Hunter. We entreat him to remember, that weeds may infest the same ground which has been overshadowed by the lordly adansonia, and that the same clime gives birth to the lion and the jackal.”Medical Repository, vol. v. p. 333. Oh, fie! fie!

[67]

Broke a whole gallipot of wrath!

I beseech you, gentlemen, to suspend your impatience relative to this wonderful achievement, till you havesoaredthrough a few stanzas. In the meantime, however, I wish that this my favorite hero, and burthen of my song, should stand high with your worships, and be the object of the humble admiration, not only of your honorable body, but of mankind in general: and I, myself, shall take the liberty to trample on all those, who dare call in question his infallibility. I have a knowledge of but few, who more deserve to be trodden upon on this occasion than the conductors of certain foreign literary journals, who, not aware of the inconceivable services which Dr H. has rendered the medical host by his ardent zeal against their common enemy, Perkinism, have expressed their sentiments of him, and his works, with that indifference, which must have arisen from their want of knowledge of his achievements.

Among the most prominent of this junto should be mentioned theMedical Repository, at New York, conducted by professors Mitchell and Miller, of that place, the former of whom I understand is a representative in the Congress of the United States, an eminent physician, and the celebrated author of what is usually termed the “Mitchellian Theory of Contagion,” alterations in the French Chemical Nomenclature, &c. The latter, I am told, is likewise a physician of great respectability.

Now that two such characters should presume to represent Dr H. as a man, whose “vanity is more conspicuous than his ability,” is a circumstance which, while it excites my surprise, rouses my resentment. However, to accomplish their disgrace and his renown, I shall concisely state his magnanimous conduct to them, and their ungracious return.

Dr H. in great condescension to the poor wretches of the United States, who, through the ignorance andinexperienceof their medical practitioners, were likely to be extirpated by the yellow fever, addressed them in an affectionate letter, and proclaimed the barbarity and unskilfulness of their physicians, in a very appropriate and becoming manner. He even kindly apprized the Academy of Medicine, at Philadelphia, that their proceedings and reasonings on the disease among them were “frivolous, inadequate, and groundless,” and communicated many other facts equally useful and important.

Now, whether his statements were true or false, those foreigners ought to have been grateful to Dr H. forhonoringthem with the information. But on the contrary, they say that “a poison, which, in the city of New York, has destroyed, within three months, the lives of more than twenty practitioners of medicine, well deserves to be traced and understood by the survivors.” They even have the audacity to assert, that “American physicians and philosophers, who have viewed the rise and progress of pestilence, walked amidst it by day and by night, year after year, and endured its violence on their own persons, almost to the extinction of their lives,” ought to be as competent judges of the cause and cure of the disease as Dr Haygarth, who has never seen a case of it.

After entering into a copious (about 20 pages) and what they seem to think a learned investigation of my great friend’s theory and sentiments, they have dared to refute his reasoning, and turn it to ridicule.

These presumptuous writers finally close their unreasonable account of Dr Haygarth, in quotations from Dr Caldwell, who, it appears, is a fellow of the college of physicians of Philadelphia, and a very ungentleman-likefellowtoo, for he has also had the rashness to descant on some of the works of Dr Haygarth in terms following.

“Perhaps he (Dr Haygarth) may found the boldness of his pretensions as an author on the maturity of his years. Many writers less youthful are more modest; and it is to be lamented that grey hairs give noinfallibleearnest of either wisdom or liberality. We will not positively assert that he is not a man of profound erudition; but we have no reason whatever to convince us that he is. Perhaps he may pride himself on being a native of the same country which produced a Harvey, a Sydenham, a Cullen, and a Hunter. We entreat him to remember, that weeds may infest the same ground which has been overshadowed by the lordly adansonia, and that the same clime gives birth to the lion and the jackal.”Medical Repository, vol. v. p. 333. Oh, fie! fie!

[68]Till our aerial cutter runs.My mode of commencing an airy tour, mounted, Muse and Co. on a poeticalpony, which, by the way, is metamorphosed into acutter, may, perhaps, be objected to by your fastidious critics, as a liberty even beyond a poet’s licentiousness. But there is nothing which we men ofgeniusmore thoroughly detest than any attempt to fetter our faculties with the frigid rules of criticism. Besides,senseornonsense,poetryorgingling, it is perfectlyDella Cruscan.

[68]

Till our aerial cutter runs.

My mode of commencing an airy tour, mounted, Muse and Co. on a poeticalpony, which, by the way, is metamorphosed into acutter, may, perhaps, be objected to by your fastidious critics, as a liberty even beyond a poet’s licentiousness. But there is nothing which we men ofgeniusmore thoroughly detest than any attempt to fetter our faculties with the frigid rules of criticism. Besides,senseornonsense,poetryorgingling, it is perfectlyDella Cruscan.

[69]“A Wilderness of suns!”This “proud” passage, together with “O thou!”—“GENIUSorMUSE!”—and “CATARACT OF LIGHT!”—are the legitimate offspring of that prince of poets, who rose to such a toweringpitchof poetry,“That oft Hibernian optics brightBeheldhim fairlyout of sight!”I should have been happy to have fascinated your worships with further specimens of the same sort of sublimity, could I have retained them in memory. I have been so solicitous for your gratification in this particular, that I have made a painful, though bootless search, throughout the metropolis and its suburbs, for these more than sybiline oracles. Indeed, I have reason to fear, that all Della Crusca’s effusions are irretrievably lost, except the few fragments which I have herepickledfor the behoof of posterity.

[69]

“A Wilderness of suns!”

This “proud” passage, together with “O thou!”—“GENIUSorMUSE!”—and “CATARACT OF LIGHT!”—are the legitimate offspring of that prince of poets, who rose to such a toweringpitchof poetry,

“That oft Hibernian optics brightBeheldhim fairlyout of sight!”

“That oft Hibernian optics bright

Beheldhim fairlyout of sight!”

I should have been happy to have fascinated your worships with further specimens of the same sort of sublimity, could I have retained them in memory. I have been so solicitous for your gratification in this particular, that I have made a painful, though bootless search, throughout the metropolis and its suburbs, for these more than sybiline oracles. Indeed, I have reason to fear, that all Della Crusca’s effusions are irretrievably lost, except the few fragments which I have herepickledfor the behoof of posterity.

[70]But Gifford comes, with why and wherefore.The admirers of yourpolitepoetry can never sufficiently anathematize the author of theBaviad and Mæviadfor extirpating, root and branch, a species of sentimental ditty, which might be scribbled, without the trouble of “sense to prose;” an object certainly of no small consequence with yourbon tonreaders and writers of rhyme. How could asentimental Ensignorlove-lorn Lieutenantbe better employed than in sobbing over “Laura’s tinkling trash,” or weeping in concert with the “mad jangle of Matilda’s lyre?” Besides, there ought to bewhipped syllabubadapted to the palates of those who cannot relish “Burns’ pure healthful nurture.” Mr Gifford should be sensible, that reducingpoetryto the standard ofcommon senseis clipping the wings of genius. For example; there is no describing what sublime and Della Cruscan-like capers I should myself have been cutting in this “Wilderness of suns;” for I was about to prepare a nosegay of comets, and string the spheres like beads for a lady’s necklace; but was not a little apprehensive lest Mr G. or some other malignant critic should persuade the public, that my effusions of fancy were little better than the rant of a bedlamite.

[70]

But Gifford comes, with why and wherefore.

The admirers of yourpolitepoetry can never sufficiently anathematize the author of theBaviad and Mæviadfor extirpating, root and branch, a species of sentimental ditty, which might be scribbled, without the trouble of “sense to prose;” an object certainly of no small consequence with yourbon tonreaders and writers of rhyme. How could asentimental Ensignorlove-lorn Lieutenantbe better employed than in sobbing over “Laura’s tinkling trash,” or weeping in concert with the “mad jangle of Matilda’s lyre?” Besides, there ought to bewhipped syllabubadapted to the palates of those who cannot relish “Burns’ pure healthful nurture.” Mr Gifford should be sensible, that reducingpoetryto the standard ofcommon senseis clipping the wings of genius. For example; there is no describing what sublime and Della Cruscan-like capers I should myself have been cutting in this “Wilderness of suns;” for I was about to prepare a nosegay of comets, and string the spheres like beads for a lady’s necklace; but was not a little apprehensive lest Mr G. or some other malignant critic should persuade the public, that my effusions of fancy were little better than the rant of a bedlamite.

[71]Andtollutateo’er turnpike path.They rode, but authors having notDetermin’d whether pace or trot,That is to say, whethertollutation,As they do term’t, or succussation.Hudibras, Canto ii.

[71]

Andtollutateo’er turnpike path.

They rode, but authors having notDetermin’d whether pace or trot,That is to say, whethertollutation,As they do term’t, or succussation.Hudibras, Canto ii.

They rode, but authors having not

Determin’d whether pace or trot,

That is to say, whethertollutation,

As they do term’t, or succussation.

Hudibras, Canto ii.

[72]Behold! great Haygarth and his corps.I here wish to give a concise sketch of the doctor’s necromantic process, so well calculated to give the tractors the kick out of Bath and Bristol, where they were rapidly making the most sacrilegious encroachments on the unpolluted shrine of our profession. I would recommend similar proceedings to every member of the college, and every worthy brother who is truly anxious to preserve the dignity and honor of the professional character. But would premise, that, when the like experiments are made, which, I trust, will be very generally by the whole profession, I would particularly recommend that the doctor’s prudence, in not admitting any of the friends of the tractors at the scene of action, should be strictly imitated; and also his discretion in choosing, as subjects for the experiment, the ignorant and miserable paupers of an infirmary, whose credulity will assist very much in operations of this sort. I also enjoin them to bear in mind hishint, “That if any person would repeat the experiment withwoodentractors, it should be done with due solemnity; during the process, the wonderful cures said to be performed by the tractors, should be particularly related. Without theseindispensableaids, other trials willnotprove so successful as those which are here reported.”Haygarth’s book, page 4.It can scarcely be necessary for me to hint to my discreet brethren, in addition, that should they try therealtractors afterwards (which, however, I rather advise them not to do at all) the whole of these aids of the mind are to be as strictly avoided. I had like to have forgotten to say, that the means used in the instance which follows to increase the solemnity of the scene, were a capital display of wigs, canes, stopwatches; and a still more solemn and terrific spectacle, about a score of the brethren. The very commencement serves to show how “necessary” was all this display to ensure the success of thesewoodentractors.“It was oftennecessaryto play the part of anecromancer, to describe circles, squares, triangles, and half the figures in geometry, on the parts affected, with the small end of the (wooden) tractors. During all this time we conversed upon the discoveries of Franklin and Galvani, laying great stress on the power of metallic points attracting lightning, and conveying it to the earth harmless. To a more curious farce I was never witness. We were almost afraid to look each other in the face, lest an involuntary smile should remove the mask from our countenances, and dispel the charm.”Haygarth’s book, page 16.A very ingenious friend of Dr H. and the glorious cause in which he is engaged, has conceived an improvement on this process. While the above operation is going on, surely, the adroit necromancer would handle hisvirgula divinitoriawith far greater effect, and himself appear much more in character, by using a suitable incantation. The following has, therefore, been proposed for the general use of the profession.Hocus! pocus! up and down!Draw the white right from the crown!Hocus! pocus! at a loss!Draw the brazen rod across!Hocus! pocus! down and up!Draw them both from foot to top!Lest you should not have sufficient ingenuity tocomprehendtheobjectof Dr Haygarth, in producing these operations on the minds of those paupers, by the aid of such means as he employed, I musttryto explain it. It was to induce an inference on the part of the public, that if,by any means whatsoever, effects can be produced on the mind of a poor bedridden patient, whether such effect be favorable or unfavorable (as the latter was often the case in Haygarth’s experiments)ergo, Perkins’s tractorscurediseases by acting on the mind also, whether on a human or brute subject. Should any person be so uncivil and unreasonable as to start the objection to this logic, that with the same propriety all medicines might also be supposed to produce their effects by an action on the mind, I particularly advise (provided such person be a noted coward) that you challenge him or her to a duel: but if, on the contrary, he or she be a terrible Mac Namara-like fellow, modestly reply that it was all a joke, and you hope there was no offence.

[72]

Behold! great Haygarth and his corps.

I here wish to give a concise sketch of the doctor’s necromantic process, so well calculated to give the tractors the kick out of Bath and Bristol, where they were rapidly making the most sacrilegious encroachments on the unpolluted shrine of our profession. I would recommend similar proceedings to every member of the college, and every worthy brother who is truly anxious to preserve the dignity and honor of the professional character. But would premise, that, when the like experiments are made, which, I trust, will be very generally by the whole profession, I would particularly recommend that the doctor’s prudence, in not admitting any of the friends of the tractors at the scene of action, should be strictly imitated; and also his discretion in choosing, as subjects for the experiment, the ignorant and miserable paupers of an infirmary, whose credulity will assist very much in operations of this sort. I also enjoin them to bear in mind hishint, “That if any person would repeat the experiment withwoodentractors, it should be done with due solemnity; during the process, the wonderful cures said to be performed by the tractors, should be particularly related. Without theseindispensableaids, other trials willnotprove so successful as those which are here reported.”Haygarth’s book, page 4.

It can scarcely be necessary for me to hint to my discreet brethren, in addition, that should they try therealtractors afterwards (which, however, I rather advise them not to do at all) the whole of these aids of the mind are to be as strictly avoided. I had like to have forgotten to say, that the means used in the instance which follows to increase the solemnity of the scene, were a capital display of wigs, canes, stopwatches; and a still more solemn and terrific spectacle, about a score of the brethren. The very commencement serves to show how “necessary” was all this display to ensure the success of thesewoodentractors.

“It was oftennecessaryto play the part of anecromancer, to describe circles, squares, triangles, and half the figures in geometry, on the parts affected, with the small end of the (wooden) tractors. During all this time we conversed upon the discoveries of Franklin and Galvani, laying great stress on the power of metallic points attracting lightning, and conveying it to the earth harmless. To a more curious farce I was never witness. We were almost afraid to look each other in the face, lest an involuntary smile should remove the mask from our countenances, and dispel the charm.”Haygarth’s book, page 16.

A very ingenious friend of Dr H. and the glorious cause in which he is engaged, has conceived an improvement on this process. While the above operation is going on, surely, the adroit necromancer would handle hisvirgula divinitoriawith far greater effect, and himself appear much more in character, by using a suitable incantation. The following has, therefore, been proposed for the general use of the profession.

Hocus! pocus! up and down!Draw the white right from the crown!Hocus! pocus! at a loss!Draw the brazen rod across!Hocus! pocus! down and up!Draw them both from foot to top!

Hocus! pocus! up and down!

Draw the white right from the crown!

Hocus! pocus! at a loss!

Draw the brazen rod across!

Hocus! pocus! down and up!

Draw them both from foot to top!

Lest you should not have sufficient ingenuity tocomprehendtheobjectof Dr Haygarth, in producing these operations on the minds of those paupers, by the aid of such means as he employed, I musttryto explain it. It was to induce an inference on the part of the public, that if,by any means whatsoever, effects can be produced on the mind of a poor bedridden patient, whether such effect be favorable or unfavorable (as the latter was often the case in Haygarth’s experiments)ergo, Perkins’s tractorscurediseases by acting on the mind also, whether on a human or brute subject. Should any person be so uncivil and unreasonable as to start the objection to this logic, that with the same propriety all medicines might also be supposed to produce their effects by an action on the mind, I particularly advise (provided such person be a noted coward) that you challenge him or her to a duel: but if, on the contrary, he or she be a terrible Mac Namara-like fellow, modestly reply that it was all a joke, and you hope there was no offence.

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