United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
note—abbreviated as Climate Changeopened for signature—9 May 1992entered into force—21 March 1994objective—to achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations inthe atmosphere at a low enough level to prevent dangerous anthropogenicinterference with the climate systemparties—(177) Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic ofthe Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba,Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, DominicanRepublic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU,Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel,Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, NorthKorea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands,Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova,Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal,Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman,Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts andNevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, SanMarino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, former Yugoslavia,Zambia, Zimbabwecountries that have signed, but not yet ratified—(7) Afghanistan,Angola, Belarus, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Sao Tome and Principe
Wetlands
see Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)
Whaling
see International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
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Appendix E: Weights and Measures
Mathematical Notation
Mathematical Power Name
10^18 or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 one quintillion 10^15 or 1,000,000,000,000,000 one quadrillion 10^12 or 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion 10^9 or 1,000,000,000 one billion 10^6 or 1,000,000 one million 10^3 or 1,000 one thousand 10^2 or 100 one hundred 10^1 or 10 ten 10^0 or 1 one 10^-1 or 0.1 one tenth 10^-2 or 0.01 one hundredth 10^-3 or 0.001 one thousandth 10^-6 or 0.000 001 one millionth 10^-9 or 0.000 000 001 one billionth 10^-12 or 0.000 000 000 001 one trillionth 10^-15 or 0.000 000 000 000 001 one quadrillionth 10^-18 or 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 one quintillionth
Metric Interrelationships
Prefix Symbol Length, weight, or capacity Area Volume
exa E 1018 1036 1054 peta P 1015 1030 1045 tera T 1012 1024 1036 giga G 109 1018 1027 mega M 106 1012 1018 hectokilo hk 105 1010 1015 myria ma 104 108 1012 kilo k 103 106 109 hecto h 102 104 106 basic unit — 1 meter, 1 gram, 1 liter 1 meter2 1 meter3 deci d 10-1 10-2 10-3 centi c 10-2 10-4 10-6 milli m 10-3 10-6 10-9 decimilli dm 10-4 10-8 10-12 centimilli cm 10-5 10-10 10-15 micro u 10-6 10-12 10-18 nano n 10-9 10-18 10-27 pico p 10-12 10-24 10-36 femto f 10-15 10-30 10-45 atto a 10-18 10-36 10-54
Conversion Factors
To Convert From To Multiply by
acres ares 40.468 564 224 acres hectares 0.404 685 642 24 acres square feet 43,560 acres square kilometers 0.004 046 856 422 4 acres square meters 4,046.856 422 4 acres square miles (statute) 0.001 562 50 acres square yards 4,840 ares square meters 100 ares square yards 119.599 barrels, US beer gallons 31 barrels, US beer liters 117.347 77 barrels, US gallons (British) 34.97 petroleum barrels, US gallons (US) 42 petroleum barrels, US liters 158.987 29 petroleum barrels, US proof gallons 40 spirits barrels, US proof liters 151.416 47 spirits bushels (US) bushels (British) 0.968 9 bushels (US) cubic feet 1.244 456 bushels (US) cubic inches 2,150.42 bushels (US) cubic meters 0.035 239 07 bushels (US) cubic yards 0.046 090 96 bushels (US) dekaliters 3.523 907 bushels (US) dry pints 64 bushels (US) dry quarts 32 bushels (US) liters 35.239 070 17 bushels (US) pecks 4 cables fathoms 120 cables meters 219.456 cables yards 240 carat milligrams 200 centimeters feet 0.032 808 40 centimeters inches 0.393 700 8 centimeters meters 0.01 centimeters yards 0.010 936 13 centimeters, cubic inches 0.061 023 744 cubic centimeters, square feet 0.001 076 39 square centimeters, square inches 0.155 000 31 square centimeters, square meters 0.000 1 square centimeters, square yards 0.000 119 599 square chains, square ares 4.046 86 surveyor's chains, square square feet 4,356 surveyor's chains, feet 66 surveyor's chains, meters 20.116 8 surveyor's chains, rods 4 surveyor's cords of wood cubic feet 128 cords of wood cubic meters 3.624 556 cords of wood cubic yards 4.740 7 cups liquid ounces (US) 8 cups liters 0.236 588 2 degrees Celsius degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 1.8 and add 32 degrees degrees Celsius subtract 32 and Fahrenheit divide by 1.8 dekaliters bushels 0.283 775 9 dekaliters cubic feet 0.353 146 7 dekaliters cubic inches 610.237 4 dekaliters dry pints 18.161 66 dekaliters dry quarts 9.080 829 8 dekaliters liters 10 dekaliters pecks 1.135 104 drams, avoirdupois ounces 0.062 55 avoirdupois drams, grains 27.344 avoirdupois drams, grams 1.771 845 2 avoirdupois drams, troy grains 60 drams, troy grams 3.887 934 6 drams, troy scruples 3 drams, troy troy ounces 0.125 drams, liquid cubic inches 0.226 (US) drams, liquid liquid drams (British) 1.041 (US) drams, liquid liquid ounces 0.125 (US) drams, liquid milliliters 3.696 69 (US) drams, liquid minims 60 (US) fathoms feet 6 fathoms meters 1.828 8 feet centimeters 30.48 feet inches 12 feet kilometers 0.000 304 8 feet meters 0.304 8 feet statute miles 0.000 189 39 feet yards 0.333 333 3 feet, cubic bushels 0.803 563 95 feet, cubic cubic decimeters 28.316 847 feet, cubic cubic inches 1,728 feet, cubic cubic meters 0.028 316 846 592 feet, cubic cubic yards 0.037 037 04 feet, cubic dry pints 51.428 09 feet, cubic dry quarts 25.714 05 feet, cubic gallons 7.480 519 feet, cubic gills 239.376 6 feet, cubic liquid ounces 957.506 5 feet, cubic liquid pints 59.844 16 feet, cubic liquid quarts 29.922 08 feet, cubic liters 28.316 846 592 feet, cubic pecks 3.214 256 feet, square acres 0.000 022 956 8 feet, square square centimeters 929.030 4 feet, square square decimeters 9.290 304 feet, square square inches 144 feet, square square meters 0.092 903 04 feet, square square yards 0.111 111 1 furlongs feet 660 furlongs inches 7,920 furlongs meters 201.168 furlongs statute miles 0.125 furlongs yards 220 gallons, liquid cubic feet 0.133 680 6 (US) gallons, liquid cubic inches 231 (US) gallons, liquid cubic meters 0.003 785 411 784 (US) gallons, liquid cubic yards 0.004 951 13 (US) gallons, liquid gills (US) 32 (US) gallons, liquid liquid gallons (British) 0.832 67 (US) gallons, liquid liquid ounces 128 (US) gallons, liquid liquid pints 8 (US) gallons, liquid liquid quarts 4 (US) gallons, liquid liters 3.785 411 784 (US) gallons, liquid milliliters 3,785.411 784 (US) gallons, liquid minims 61,440 (US) gills (US) centiliters 11.829 4 gills (US) cubic feet 0.004 177 517 gills (US) cubic inches 7.218 75 gills (US) gallons 0.031 25 gills (US) gills (British) 0.832 67 gills (US) liquid ounces 4 gills (US) liquid pints 0.25 gills (US) liquid quarts 0.125 gills (US) liters 0.118 294 118 25 gills (US) milliliters 118.294 118 25 gills (US) minims 1,920 grains avoirdupois drams 0.036 571 43 grains avoirdupois ounces 0.002 285 71 grains avoirdupois pounds 0.000 142 86 grains grams 0.064 798 91 grains kilograms 0.000 064 798 91 grains milligrams 64.798 910 grains pennyweights 0.042 grains scruples 0.05 grains troy drams 0.016 6 grains troy ounces 0.002 083 33 grains troy pounds 0.000 173 61 grams avoirdupois drams 0.564 383 39 grams avoirdupois ounces 0.035 273 961 grams avoirdupois pounds 0.002 204 622 6 grams grains 15.432 361 grams kilograms 0.001 grams milligrams 1,000 grams troy ounces 0.032 150 746 6 grams troy pounds 0.002 679 23 hands (height of centimeters 10.16 horse) hands (height of inches 4 horse) hectares acres 2.471 053 8 hectares square feet 107,639.1 hectares square kilometers 0.01 hectares square meters 10,000 hectares square miles 0.003 861 02 hectares square yards 11,959.90 hundredweights, avoirdupois pounds 112 long hundredweights, kilograms 50.802 345 long hundredweights, long tons 0.05 long hundredweights, metric tons 0.050 802 345 long hundredweights, short tons 0.056 long hundredweights, avoirdupois pounds 100 short hundredweights, kilograms 45.359 237 short hundredweights, long tons 0.044 642 86 short hundredweights, metric tons 0.045 359 237 short hundredweights, short tons 0.05 short inches centimeters 2.54 inches feet 0.083 333 33 inches meters 0.025 4 inches millimeters 25.4 inches yards 0.027 777 78 inches, cubic bushels 0.000 465 025 inches, cubic cubic centimeters 16.387 064 inches, cubic cubic feet 0.000 578 703 7 inches, cubic cubic meters 0.000 016 387 064 inches, cubic cubic yards 0.000 021 433 47 inches, cubic dry pints 0.029 761 6 inches, cubic dry quarts 0.014 880 8 inches, cubic gallons 0.004 329 0 inches, cubic gills 0.138 528 1 inches, cubic liquid ounces 0.554 112 6 inches, cubic liquid pints 0.034 632 03 inches, cubic liquid quarts 0.017 316 02 inches, cubic liters 0.016 387 064 inches, cubic milliliters 16.387 064 inches, cubic minims (US) 265.974 0 inches, cubic pecks 0.001 860 10 inches, square square centimeters 6.451 600 inches, square square feet 0.006 944 44 inches, square square meters 0.000 645 16 inches, square square yards 0.000 771 605 kilograms avoirdupois drams 564.383 4 kilograms avoirdupois ounces 35.273 962 kilograms avoirdupois pounds 2.204 622 622 kilograms grains 15,432.36 kilograms grams 1,000 kilograms long tons 0.000 984 2 kilograms metric tons 0.001 kilograms short hundredweights 0.022 046 23 kilograms short tons 0.001 102 31 kilograms troy ounces 32.150 75 kilograms troy pounds 2.679 229 kilometers meters 1,000 kilometers statute miles 0.621 371 192 kilometers, acres 247.105 38 square kilometers, hectares 100 square kilometers, square meters 1,000,000 square kilometers, statute miles 0.386 102 16 square knots (nautical kilometers/hour 1.852 mi/hr) knots (nautical statute miles/hour 1.151 mi/hr) leagues, nautical kilometers 5.556 leagues, nautical nautical miles 3 leagues, statute kilometers 4.828 032 leagues, statute statute miles 3 links, square square centimeters 404.686 surveyor's links, square square inches 62.726 4 surveyor's links, surveyor's centimeters 20.116 8 links, surveyor's chains 0.01 links, surveyor's inches 7.92 liters bushels 0.028 377 59 liters cubic feet 0.035 314 67 liters cubic inches 61.023 74 liters cubic meters 0.001 liters cubic yards 0.001 307 95 liters dekaliters 0.1 liters dry pints 1.816 166 liters dry quarts 0.908 082 98 liters gallons 0.264 172 052 liters gills (US) 8.453 506 liters liquid ounces 33.814 02 liters liquid pints 2.113 376 liters liquid quarts 1.056 688 2 liters milliliters 1,000 liters pecks 0.113 510 4 meters centimeters 100 meters feet 3.280 839 895 meters inches 39.370 079 meters kilometers 0.001 meters millimeters 1,000 meters statute miles 0.000 621 371 meters yards 1.093 613 298 meters, cubic bushels 28.377 59 meters, cubic cubic feet 35.314 666 7 meters, cubic cubic inches 61,023.744 meters, cubic cubic yards 1.307 950 619 meters, cubic gallons 264.172 05 meters, cubic liters 1,000 meters, cubic pecks 113.510 4 meters, square acres 0.000 247 105 38 meters, square hectares 0.000 1 meters, square square centimeters 10,000 meters, square square feet 10.763 910 4 meters, square square inches 1,550.003 1 meters, square square yards 1.195 990 046 microns meters 0.000 001 microns inches 0.000 039 4 mils inches 0.001 mils millimeters 0.025 4 miles, nautical kilometers 1.852 0 miles, nautical statute miles 1.150 779 4 miles, statute centimeters 160,934.4 miles, statute feet 5,280 miles, statute furlongs 8 miles, statute inches 63,360 miles, statute kilometers 1.609 344 miles, statute meters 1,609.344 miles, statute rods 320 miles, statute yards 1,760 miles, square square kilometers 3.429 904 nautical miles, square square statute miles 1.325 nautical miles, square acres 640 statute miles, square hectares 258.998 811 033 6 statute miles, square sections 1 statute miles, square square kilometers 2.589 988 110 336 statute miles, square square nautical miles 0.755 miles statute miles, square square rods 102,400 statute milligrams grains 0.015 432 358 35 milliliters cubic inches 0.061 023 744 milliliters gallons 0.000 264 17 milliliters gills (US) 0.008 453 5 milliliters liquid ounces 0.033 814 02 milliliters liquid pints 0.002 113 4 milliliters liquid quarts 0.001 056 7 milliliters liters 0.001 milliliters minims 16.230 73 millimeters inches 0.039 370 078 7 minims (US) cubic inches 0.003 759 77 minims (US) gills (US) 0.000 520 83 minims (US) liquid ounces 0.002 083 33 minims (US) milliliters 0.061 611 52 minims (US) minims (British) 1.041 ounces, avoirdupois drams 16 avoirdupois ounces, avoirdupois pounds 0.062 5 avoirdupois ounces, grains 437.5 avoirdupois ounces, grams 28.349 523 125 avoirdupois ounces, kilograms 0.028 349 523 125 avoirdupois ounces, troy ounces 0.911 458 3 avoirdupois ounces, troy pounds 0.075 954 86 avoirdupois ounces, liquid cubic feet 0.001 044 38 (US) ounces, liquid centiliters 2.957 35 (US) ounces, liquid cubic inches 1.804 687 5 (US) ounces, liquid gallons 0.007 812 5 (US) ounces, liquid gills (US) 0.25 (US) ounces, liquid liquid drams 8 (US) ounces, liquid liquid ounces (British) 1.041 (US) ounces, liquid liquid pints 0.062 5 (US) ounces, liquid liquid quarts 0.031 25 (US) ounces, liquid liters 0.029 573 53 (US) ounces, liquid milliliters 29.573 529 6 (US) ounces, liquid minims 480 (US) ounces, troy avoirdupois drams 17.554 29 ounces, troy avoirdupois ounces 1.097 143 ounces, troy avoirdupois pounds 0.068 571 43 ounces, troy grains 480 ounces, troy grams 31.103 476 8 ounces, troy pennyweights 20 ounces, troy troy drams 8 ounces, troy troy pounds 0.083 333 3 paces (US) centimeters 76.2 paces (US) inches 30 pecks (US) bushels 0.25 pecks (US) cubic feet 0.311 114 pecks (US) cubic inches 537.605 pecks (US) cubic meters 0.008 809 77 pecks (US) cubic yards 0.011 522 74 pecks (US) dekaliters 0.880 976 75 pecks (US) dry pints 16 pecks (US) dry quarts 8 pecks (US) liters 8.809 767 5 pecks (US) pecks (British) 0.968 9 pennyweights grains 24 pennyweights grams 1.555 173 84 pennyweights troy ounces 0.05 pints, dry (US) bushels 0.015 625 pints, dry (US) cubic feet 0.019 444 63 pints, dry (US) cubic inches 33.600 312 5 pints, dry (US) dekaliters 0.055 061 05 pints, dry (US) dry pints (British) 0.968 9 pints, dry (US) dry quarts 0.5 pints, dry (US) liters 0.550 610 47 pints, liquid cubic feet 0.016 710 07 (US) pints, liquid cubic inches 28.875 (US) pints, liquid deciliters 4.731 76 (US) pints, liquid gallons 0.125 (US) pints, liquid gills (US) 4 (US) pints, liquid liquid ounces 16 (US) pints, liquid liquid pints (British) 0.832 67 (US) pints, liquid liquid quarts 0.5 (US) pints, liquid liters 0.473 176 473 (US) pints, liquid milliliters 473.176 473 (US) pints, liquid minims 7,680 (US) points inches 0.013 837 (typographical) points millimeters 0.351 459 8 (typographical) pounds, avoirdupois drams 256 avoirdupois pounds, avoirdupois ounces 16 avoirdupois pounds, grains 7,000 avoirdupois pounds, grams 453.592 37 avoirdupois pounds, kilograms 0.453 592 37 avoirdupois pounds, long tons 0.000 446 428 6 avoirdupois pounds, metric tons 0.000 453 592 37 avoirdupois pounds, quintals 0.004 535 92 avoirdupois pounds, short tons 0.000 5 avoirdupois pounds, troy ounces 14.583 33 avoirdupois pounds, troy pounds 1.215 278 avoirdupois pounds, troy avoirdupois drams 210.651 4 pounds, troy avoirdupois ounces 13.165 71 pounds, troy avoirdupois pounds 0.822 857 1 pounds, troy grains 5,760 pounds, troy grams 373.241 721 6 pounds, troy kilograms 0.373 241 721 6 pounds, troy pennyweights 240 pounds, troy troy ounces 12 quarts, dry (US) bushels 0.031 25 quarts, dry (US) cubic feet 0.038 889 25 quarts, dry (US) cubic inches 67.200 625 quarts, dry (US) dekaliters 0.110 122 1 quarts, dry (US) dry pints 2 quarts, dry (US) dry quarts (British) 0.968 9 quarts, dry (US) liters 1.101 221 quarts, dry (US) pecks 0.125 quarts, dry (US) pints, dry (US) 2 quarts, liquid cubic feet 0.033 420 14 (US) quarts, liquid cubic inches 57.75 (US) quarts, liquid deciliters 9.463 53 (US) quarts, liquid gallons 0.25 (US) quarts, liquid gills (US) 8 (US) quarts, liquid liquid ounces 32 (US) quarts, liquid liquid pints (US) 2 (US) quarts, liquid liquid quarts (British) 0.832 67 (US) quarts, liquid liters 0.946 352 946 (US) quarts, liquid milliliters 946.352 946 (US) quarts, liquid minims 15,360 (US) quintals avoirdupois pounds 220.462 26 quintals kilograms 100 quintals metric tons 0.1 rods feet 16.5 rods meters 5.029 2 rods yards 5.5 rods, square acres 0.006 25 rods, square square meters 25.292 85 rods, square square yards 30.25 scruples grains 20 scruples grams 1.295 978 2 scruples troy drams 0.333 sections (US) square kilometers 2.589 988 1 sections (US) square statute miles 1 spans centimeters 22.86 spans inches 9 steres cubic meters 1 steres cubic yards 1.307 95 tablespoons milliliters 14.786 76 tablespoons teaspoons 3 teaspoons milliliters 4.928 922 teaspoons tablespoons 0.333 333 ton-miles, long metric ton-kilometers 1.635 169 ton-miles, short metric ton-kilometers 1.459 972 tons, gross cubic feet of permanently enclosed 100 register space tons, gross cubic meters of permanently 2.831 684 7 register enclosed space tons, long avoirdupois ounces 35,840 (deadweight) tons, long avoirdupois pounds 2,240 (deadweight) tons, long kilograms 1,016.046 909 8 (deadweight) tons, long long hundredweights 20 (deadweight) tons, long metric tons 1.016 046 908 8 (deadweight) tons, long short hundredweights 22.4 (deadweight) tons, long short tons 1.12 (deadweight) tons, metric avoirdupois pounds 2,204.623 tons, metric kilograms 1,000 tons, metric long hundredweights 19.684 130 3 tons, metric long tons 0.984 206 5 tons, metric quintals 10 tons, metric short hundredweights 22.046 23 tons, metric short tons 1.102 311 3 tons, metric troy ounces 32,150.75 tons, net cubic feet of permanently enclosed 100 register space for cargo and passengers tons, net cubic meters of permanently 2.831 684 7 register enclosed space for cargo and passengers tons, shipping cubic feet of permanently enclosed 42 cargo space tons, shipping cubic meters of permanently 1.189 307 574 enclosed cargo space tons, short avoirdupois pounds 2,000 tons, short kilograms 907.184 74 tons, short long hundredweights 17.857 14 tons, short long tons 0.892 857 1 tons, short metric tons 0.907 184 74 tons, short short hundredweights 20 townships (US) sections 36 townships (US) square kilometers 93.239 572 townships (US) square statute miles 36 miles, square acres 640 statute miles, square hectares 258.998 811 033 6 statute miles, square square feet 27,878,400 statute miles, square square meters 2,589,988.110 336 statute miles, square square yards 3,097,600 statute yards centimeters 91.44 yards feet 3 yards inches 36 yards meters 0.914 4 yards miles 0.000 568 18 yards, cubic bushels 21.696 227 yards, cubic cubic feet 27 yards, cubic cubic inches 46,656 yards, cubic cubic meters 0.764 554 857 984 yards, cubic gallons 201.974 0 yards, cubic liters 764.554 857 984 yards, cubic pecks 86.784 91 yards, square acres 0.000 206 611 6 yards, square hectares 0.000 083 612 736 yards, square square centimeters 8,361.273 6 yards, square square feet 9 yards, square square inches 1,296 yards, square square meters 0.836 127 36 yards, square square miles 0.000 000 322 830 6
Note: At this time, only three countries—Burma, Liberia, and the US—have not adopted the International System of Units (SI, or metric system) as their official system of weights and measures. Although use of the metric system has been sanctioned by law in the US since 1866, it has been slow in displacing the American adaptation of the British Imperial System known as the US Customary System. The US is the only industrialized nation that does not mainly use the metric system in its commercial and standards activities, but there is increasing acceptance in science, medicine, government, and many sectors of industry.
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Appendix F: Cross-Reference List of Country Data Codes
FIPS 10-4: Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (FIPS PUB 10-4) is maintained by the Office of the Geographer and Global Issues (Department of State) and published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (Department of Commerce). These two-character alphabetic codes are included in the text of the Factbook in the Data code entry under the Government category. FIPS 10-4 codes are intended for general use throughout the US Government, especially in activities associated with the mission of the Department of State and national defense programs.
ISO 3166: Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries (ISO 3166) is prepared by the International Organization for Standardization. ISO 3166 includes two- and three-character alphabetic codes and three-digit numeric codes that may be needed for activities involving exchange of data with international organizations that have adopted that standard. Except for the numeric codes, ISO 3166 codes have been adopted in the US as FIPS 104-1: American National Standard Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries, Dependencies, and Areas of Special Sovereignty for Information Interchange.
Internet: This is a provisional compilation that generally agrees with the ISO 3166 two-character alphabetic codes.
Entity FIPS ISO ISO ISO Interne Comment10-4 316 316 316 t6 6 6Afghanistan AF AF AFG 004 AFAlbania AL AL ALB 008 ALAlgeria AG DZ DZA 012 DZAmerican AQ AS ASM 016 ASSamoaAndorra AN AD AND 020 ADAngola AO AO AGO 024 AOAnguilla AV AI AIA 660 AIAntarctica AY AQ ATA 010 AQ ISO defines as theterritory south of 60degrees south latitudeAntigua and AC AG ATG 028 AGBarbudaArgentina AR AR ARG 032 ARArmenia AM AM ARM 051 AMAruba AA AW ABW 533 AWAshmore and AT — — — — ISO includes withCartier AustraliaAustralia AS AU AUS 036 AU ISO includes Ashmoreand CartierIslands,Coral SeaIslandsAustria AU AT AUT 040 ATAzerbaijan AJ AZ AZE 031 AZThe Bahamas BF BS BHS 044 BSBahrain BA BH BHR 048 BHBaker Island FQ — — — — ISO includes with theUS Minor OutlyingIslandsBangladesh BG BD BGD 050 BDBarbados BB BB BRB 052 BBBassas da BS — — — — ISO includes with theIndia Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsBelarus BO BY BLR 112 BYBelgium BE BE BEL 056 BEBelize BH BZ BLZ 084 BZBenin BN BJ BEN 204 BJBermuda BD BM BMU 060 BMBhutan BT BT BTN 064 BTBolivia BL BO BOL 068 BOBosnia and BK BA BIH 070 BAHerzegovinaBotswana BC BW BWA 072 BWBouvet Island BV BV BVT 074 BVBrazil BR BR BRA 076 BRBritish IO IO IOT 086 IOIndian OceanTerritoryBritish VI VG VGB 092 VGVirginIslandsBrunei BX BN BRN 096 BNBulgaria BU BG BGR 100 BGBurkina Faso UV BF BFA 854 BFBurma BM MM MMR 104 MM ISO uses the nameMyanmarBurundi BY BI BDI 108 BICambodia CB KH KHM 116 KHCameroon CM CM CMR 120 CMCanada CA CA CAN 124 CACape Verde CV CV CPV 132 CVCayman CJ KY CYM 136 KYIslandsCentral CT CF CAF 140 CFAfricanRepublicChad CD TD TCD 148 TDChile CI CL CHL 152 CLChina CH CN CHN 156 CN see also TaiwanChristmas KT CX CXR 162 CXIslandClipperton IP — — — — ISO includes withIsland French PolynesiaCocos CK CC CCK 166 CC(Keeling)IslandsColombia CO CO COL 170 COComoros CN KM COM 174 KMCongo, CG ZR ZAR 180 ZR formerly ZaireDemocraticRepublic oftheCongo, CF CG COG 178 CGRepublic oftheCook Islands CW CK COK 184 CKCoral Sea CR — — — — ISO includes withIslands AustraliaCosta Rica CS CR CRI 188 CRCote d'Ivoire IV CI CIV 384 CICroatia HR HR HRV 191 HRCuba CU CU CUB 192 CUCyprus CY CY CYP 196 CYCzech EZ CZ CZE 203 CZRepublicDenmark DA DK DNK 208 DKDjibouti DJ DJ DJI 262 DJDominica DO DM DMA 212 DMDominican DR DO DOM 214 DORepublicEast Timor — TP TMP 626 TP FIPS includes withIndonesiaEcuador EC EC ECU 218 ECEgypt EG EG EGY 818 EGEl Salvador ES SV SLV 222 SVEquatorial EK GQ GNQ 226 GQGuineaEritrea ER ER ERI 232 EREstonia EN EE EST 233 EEEthiopia ET ET ETH 231 ETEuropa Island EU — — — — ISO includes with theMiscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsFalkland FA FK FLK 238 FKIslands(IslasMalvinas)Faroe Islands FO FO FRO 234 FOFiji FJ FJ FJI 242 FJFinland FI FI FIN 246 FIFrance FR FR FRA 250 FRFrance, — FX FXX 249 FX ISO limits to theMetropolitan European part ofFrance, excludingFrench Guiana, FrenchPolynesia, FrenchSouthern and AntarcticLands, Guadeloupe,Martinique, Mayotte,New Caledonia, Reunion,Saint Pierre andMiquelon, Wallis andFutunaFrench Guiana FG GF GUF 254 GFFrench FP PF PYF 258 PF ISO includes ClippertonPolynesia IslandFrench FS TF ATF 260 — FIPS 10-4 does notSouthern and include the French-Antarctic claimed portion ofLands Antarctica (TerreAdelie)Gabon GB GA GAB 266 GAThe Gambia GA GM GMB 270 GMGaza Strip GZ — — — —Georgia GG GE GEO 268 GEGermany GM DE DEU 276 DEGhana GH GH GHA 288 GHGibraltar GI GI GIB 292 GIGlorioso GO — — — — ISO includes with theIslands Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsGreece GR GR GRC 300 GRGreenland GL GL GRL 304 GLGrenada GJ GD GRD 308 GDGuadeloupe GP GP GLP 312 GPGuam GQ GU GUM 316 GUGuatemala GT GT GTM 320 GTGuernsey GK — — — — ISO includes with theUnited KingdomGuinea GV GN GIN 324 GNGuinea-Bissau PU GW GNB 624 GWGuyana GY GY GUY 328 GYHaiti HA HT HTI 332 HTHeard Island HM HM HMD 334 HMand McDonaldIslandsHoly See VT VA VAT 336 VA(VaticanCity)Honduras HO HN HND 340 HNHong Kong HK HK HKG 344 HKHowland HQ — — — — ISO includes with theIsland US Minor OutlyingIslandsHungary HU HU HUN 348 HUIceland IC IS ISL 352 ISIndia IN IN IND 356 INIndonesia ID ID IDN 360 IDIran IR IR IRN 364 IRIraq IZ IQ IRQ 368 IQIreland EI IE IRL 372 IEIsrael IS IL ISR 376 ILItaly IT IT ITA 380 ITJamaica JM JM JAM 388 JMJan Mayen JN — — — — ISO includes withSvalbardJapan JA JP JPN 392 JPJarvis Island DQ — — — — ISO includes with theUS Minor OutlyingIslandsJersey JE — — — — ISO includes with theUnited KingdomJohnston JQ — — — — ISO includes with theAtoll US Minor OutlyingIslandsJordan JO JO JOR 400 JOJuan de Nova JU — — — — ISO includes with theIsland Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsKazakhstan KZ KZ KAZ 398 KZKenya KE KE KEN 404 KEKingman Reef KQ — — — — ISO includes with theUS Minor OutlyingIslandsKiribati KR KI KIR 296 KIKorea, North KN KP PRK 408 KPKorea, South KS KR KOR 410 KRKuwait KU KW KWT 414 KWKyrgyzstan KG KG KGZ 417 KGLaos LA LA LAO 418 LALatvia LG LV LVA 428 LVLebanon LE LB LBN 422 LBLesotho LT LS LSO 426 LSLiberia LI LR LBR 430 LRLibya LY LY LBY 434 LYLiechtenstein LS LI LIE 438 LILithuania LH LT LTU 440 LTLuxembourg LU LU LUX 442 LUMacau MC MO MAC 446 MOMacedonia, MK MK MKD 807 MKThe FormerYugoslavRepublic ofMadagascar MA MG MDG 450 MGMalawi MI MW MWI 454 MWMalaysia MY MY MYS 458 MYMaldives MV MV MDV 462 MVMali ML ML MLI 466 MLMalta MT MT MLT 470 MTMan, Isle of IM — — — — ISO includes with theUnited KingdomMarshall RM MH MHL 584 MHIslandsMartinique MB MQ MTQ 474 MQMauritania MR MR MRT 478 MRMauritius MP MU MUS 480 MUMayotte MF YT MYT 175 YTMexico MX MX MEX 484 MXMicronesia, FM FSM 583 FMFederatedStates ofMidway MQ — — — — ISO includes with theIslands US Minor OutlyingIslandsMiscellaneous — — — — ISO includes Bassas da(French) India, Europa Island,Glorioso Islands, Juande Nova Island,Tromelin IslandMoldova MD MD MDA 498 MDMonaco MN MC MCO 492 MCMongolia MG MN MNG 496 MNMontenegro* MW — — — — see footnote at end oftableMontserrat MH MS MSR 500 MSMorocco MO MA MAR 504 MAMozambique MZ MZ MOZ 508 MZMyanmar — — — — — see BurmaNamibia WA NA NAM 516 NANauru NR NR NRU 520 NRNavassa BQ — — — —IslandNepal NP NP NPL 524 NPNetherlands NL NL NLD 528 NLNetherlands NT AN ANT 530 ANAntillesNew Caledonia NC NC NCL 540 NCNew Zealand NZ NZ NZL 554 NZNicaragua NU NI NIC 558 NINiger NG NE NER 562 NENigeria NI NG NGA 566 NGNiue NE NU NIU 570 NUNorfolk NF NF NFK 574 NFIslandNorthern CQ MP MNP 580 MPMarianaIslandsNorway NO NO NOR 578 NOOman MU OM OMN 512 OMPakistan PK PK PAK 586 PKPalau PS PW PLW 585 PWPalmyra Atoll LQ — — — — ISO includes with theUS Minor OutlyingIslandsPanama PM PA PAN 591 PAPapua New PP PG PNG 598 PGGuineaParacel PF — — — —IslandsParaguay PA PY PRY 600 PYPeru PE PE PER 604 PEPhilippines RP PH PHL 608 PHPitcairn PC PN PCN 612 PNIslandsPoland PL PL POL 616 PLPortugal PO PT PRT 620 PTPuerto Rico RQ PR PRI 630 PRQatar QA QA QAT 634 QAReunion RE RE REU 638 RERomania RO RO ROM 642 RORussia RS RU RUS 643 RURwanda RW RW RWA 646 RWSaint Helena SH SH SHN 654 SHSaint Kitts SC KN KNA 659 KNand NevisSaint Lucia ST LC LCA 662 LCSaint Pierre SB PM SPM 666 PMand MiquelonSaint Vincent VC VC VCT 670 VCand theGrenadinesSamoa WS WS WSM 882 WS —San Marino SM SM SMR 674 SMSao Tome and TP ST STP 678 STPrincipeSaudi Arabia SA SA SAU 682 SASenegal SG SN SEN 686 SNSerbia* SR — — — — see footnote at end oftableSerbia and — — — — — see footnote at end ofMontenegro* tableSeychelles SE SC SYC 690 SCSierra Leone SL SL SLE 694 SLSingapore SN SG SGP 702 SGSlovakia LO SK SVK 703 SKSlovenia SI SI SVN 705 SISolomon BP SB SLB 090 SBIslandsSomalia SO SO SOM 706 SOSouth Africa SF ZA ZAF 710 ZASouth Georgia SX GS SGS 239 GSand the SouthSandwichIslandsSpain SP ES ESP 724 ESSpratly PG — — — —IslandsSri Lanka CE LK LKA 144 LKSudan SU SD SDN 736 SDSuriname NS SR SUR 740 SRSvalbard SV SJ SJM 744 SJ ISO includes Jan MayenSwaziland WZ SZ SWZ 748 SZSweden SW SE SWE 752 SESwitzerland SZ CH CHE 756 CHSyria SY SY SYR 760 SYTaiwan TW TW TWN 158 TWTajikistan TI TJ TJK 762 TJTanzania TZ TZ TZA 834 TZThailand TH TH THA 764 THTogo TO TG TGO 768 TGTokelau TL TK TKL 772 TKTonga TN TO TON 776 TOTrinidad and TD TT TTO 780 TTTobagoTromelin TE — — — — ISO includes with theIsland Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsTunisia TS TN TUN 788 TNTurkey TU TR TUR 792 TRTurkmenistan TX TM TKM 795 TMTurks and TK TC TCA 796 TCCaicosIslandsTuvalu TV TV TUV 798 TVUganda UG UG UGA 800 UGUkraine UP UA UKR 804 UAUnited Arab TC AE ARE 784 AEEmiratesUnited UK GB GBR 826 UK/GB ISO includes Guernsey,Kingdom Isle of Man, JerseyUnited States US US USA 840 USUnited States — UM UMI 581 UM ISO includes BakerMinor Island, Howland Island,Outlying Jarvis Island, JohnstonIslands Atoll, Kingman Reef,Midway Islands, PalmyraAtoll, Wake IslandUruguay UY UY URY 858 UYUzbekistan UZ UZ UZB 860 UZVanuatu NH VU VUT 548 VUVenezuela VE VE VEN 862 UEVietnam VM VN VNM 704 VNVirgin VQ VI VIR 850 VIIslandsVirgin — — — — — see British VirginIslands (UK) IslandsVirgin — — — — — see Virgin IslandsIslands (US)Wake Atoll WQ — — — — ISO includes with theUS Minor OutlyingIslandsWallis and WF WF WLF 876 WFFutunaWest Bank WE — — — —Western WI EH ESH 732 EHSaharaWestern Samoa — — — — — see SamoaWorld — — — — — the Factbook uses the Wdata code from DIAM 65--18 Geopolitical DataElements and RelatedFeatures, Data StandardNo. 3, December 1994,published by theDefense IntelligenceAgencyYemen YM YE YEM 887 YEYugoslavia* — YU YUG 891 YU see footnote at end oftableZaire — — — — — see Democratic Republicof the CongoZambia ZA ZM ZWB 894 ZMZimbabwe ZI ZW ZWE 716 ZW
Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state,but this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the US; the US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation.
Appendix F: Cross-Reference List of Country Data Codes
FIPS 10-4: Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (FIPS PUB 10-4) is maintained by the Office of the Geographer and Global Issues (Department of State) and published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (Department of Commerce). These two-character alphabetic codes are included in the text of the Factbook in the Data code entry under the Government category. FIPS 10-4 codes are intended for general use throughout the US Government, especially in activities associated with the mission of the Department of State and national defense programs.
ISO 3166: Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries (ISO 3166) is prepared by the International Organization for Standardization. ISO 3166 includes two- and three-character alphabetic codes and three-digit numeric codes that may be needed for activities involving exchange of data with international organizations that have adopted that standard. Except for the numeric codes, ISO 3166 codes have been adopted in the US as FIPS 104-1: American National Standard Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries, Dependencies, and Areas of Special Sovereignty for Information Interchange.
Internet: This is a provisional compilation that generally agrees with the ISO 3166 two-character alphabetic codes.
Entity FIPS ISO ISO ISO Interne Comment10-4 3166 3166 3166 tAfghanistan AF AF AFG 004 AFAlbania AL AL ALB 008 ALAlgeria AG DZ DZA 012 DZAmerican AQ AS ASM 016 ASSamoaAndorra AN AD AND 020 ADAngola AO AO AGO 024 AOAnguilla AV AI AIA 660 AIAntarctica AY AQ ATA 010 AQ ISO defines as the territorysouth of 60 degrees southlatitudeAntigua and AC AG ATG 028 AGBarbudaArgentina AR AR ARG 032 ARArmenia AM AM ARM 051 AMAruba AA AW ABW 533 AWAshmore and AT — — — — ISO includes with AustraliaCartierAustralia AS AU AUS 036 AU ISO includes Ashmore andCartier Islands,Coral SeaIslandsAustria AU AT AUT 040 ATAzerbaijan AJ AZ AZE 031 AZThe Bahamas BF BS BHS 044 BSBahrain BA BH BHR 048 BHBaker Island FQ — — — — ISO includes with the USMinor Outlying IslandsBangladesh BG BD BGD 050 BDBarbados BB BB BRB 052 BBBassas da BS — — — — ISO includes with theIndia Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsBelarus BO BY BLR 112 BYBelgium BE BE BEL 056 BEBelize BH BZ BLZ 084 BZBenin BN BJ BEN 204 BJBermuda BD BM BMU 060 BMBhutan BT BT BTN 064 BTBolivia BL BO BOL 068 BOBosnia and BK BA BIH 070 BAHerzegovinaBotswana BC BW BWA 072 BWBouvet Island BV BV BVT 074 BVBrazil BR BR BRA 076 BRBritish IO IO IOT 086 IOIndian OceanTerritoryBritish VI VG VGB 092 VGVirginIslandsBrunei BX BN BRN 096 BNBulgaria BU BG BGR 100 BGBurkina Faso UV BF BFA 854 BFBurma BM MM MMR 104 MM ISO uses the name MyanmarBurundi BY BI BDI 108 BICambodia CB KH KHM 116 KHCameroon CM CM CMR 120 CMCanada CA CA CAN 124 CACape Verde CV CV CPV 132 CVCayman CJ KY CYM 136 KYIslandsCentral CT CF CAF 140 CFAfricanRepublicChad CD TD TCD 148 TDChile CI CL CHL 152 CLChina CH CN CHN 156 CN see also TaiwanChristmas KT CX CXR 162 CXIslandClipperton IP — — — — ISO includes with FrenchIsland PolynesiaCocos CK CC CCK 166 CC(Keeling)IslandsColombia CO CO COL 170 COComoros CN KM COM 174 KMCongo, CG ZR ZAR 180 ZR formerly ZaireDemocraticRepublic oftheCongo, CF CG COG 178 CGRepublic oftheCook Islands CW CK COK 184 CKCoral Sea CR — — — — ISO includes with AustraliaIslandsCosta Rica CS CR CRI 188 CRCote d'Ivoire IV CI CIV 384 CICroatia HR HR HRV 191 HRCuba CU CU CUB 192 CUCyprus CY CY CYP 196 CYCzech EZ CZ CZE 203 CZRepublicDenmark DA DK DNK 208 DKDjibouti DJ DJ DJI 262 DJDominica DO DM DMA 212 DMDominican DR DO DOM 214 DORepublicEast Timor — TP TMP 626 TP FIPS includes with IndonesiaEcuador EC EC ECU 218 ECEgypt EG EG EGY 818 EGEl Salvador ES SV SLV 222 SVEquatorial EK GQ GNQ 226 GQGuineaEritrea ER ER ERI 232 EREstonia EN EE EST 233 EEEthiopia ET ET ETH 231 ETEuropa Island EU — — — — ISO includes with theMiscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsFalkland FA FK FLK 238 FKIslands(IslasMalvinas)Faroe Islands FO FO FRO 234 FOFiji FJ FJ FJI 242 FJFinland FI FI FIN 246 FIFrance FR FR FRA 250 FRFrance, — FX FXX 249 FX ISO limits to the EuropeanMetropolitan part of France, excludingFrench Guiana, FrenchPolynesia, French Southernand Antarctic Lands,Guadeloupe, Martinique,Mayotte, New Caledonia,Reunion, Saint Pierre andMiquelon, Wallis and FutunaFrench Guiana FG GF GUF 254 GFFrench FP PF PYF 258 PF ISO includes ClippertonPolynesia IslandFrench FS TF ATF 260 — FIPS 10-4 does not includeSouthern and the French-claimed portionAntarctic of Antarctica (Terre Adelie)LandsGabon GB GA GAB 266 GAThe Gambia GA GM GMB 270 GMGaza Strip GZ — — — —Georgia GG GE GEO 268 GEGermany GM DE DEU 276 DEGhana GH GH GHA 288 GHGibraltar GI GI GIB 292 GIGlorioso GO — — — — ISO includes with theIslands Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsGreece GR GR GRC 300 GRGreenland GL GL GRL 304 GLGrenada GJ GD GRD 308 GDGuadeloupe GP GP GLP 312 GPGuam GQ GU GUM 316 GUGuatemala GT GT GTM 320 GTGuernsey GK — — — — ISO includes with the UnitedKingdomGuinea GV GN GIN 324 GNGuinea-Bissau PU GW GNB 624 GWGuyana GY GY GUY 328 GYHaiti HA HT HTI 332 HTHeard Island HM HM HMD 334 HMand McDonaldIslandsHoly See VT VA VAT 336 VA(VaticanCity)Honduras HO HN HND 340 HNHong Kong HK HK HKG 344 HKHowland HQ — — — — ISO includes with the USIsland Minor Outlying IslandsHungary HU HU HUN 348 HUIceland IC IS ISL 352 ISIndia IN IN IND 356 INIndonesia ID ID IDN 360 IDIran IR IR IRN 364 IRIraq IZ IQ IRQ 368 IQIreland EI IE IRL 372 IEIsrael IS IL ISR 376 ILItaly IT IT ITA 380 ITJamaica JM JM JAM 388 JMJan Mayen JN — — — — ISO includes with SvalbardJapan JA JP JPN 392 JPJarvis Island DQ — — — — ISO includes with the USMinor Outlying IslandsJersey JE — — — — ISO includes with the UnitedKingdomJohnston JQ — — — — ISO includes with the USAtoll Minor Outlying IslandsJordan JO JO JOR 400 JOJuan de Nova JU — — — — ISO includes with theIsland Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsKazakhstan KZ KZ KAZ 398 KZKenya KE KE KEN 404 KEKingman Reef KQ — — — — ISO includes with the USMinor Outlying IslandsKiribati KR KI KIR 296 KIKorea, North KN KP PRK 408 KPKorea, South KS KR KOR 410 KRKuwait KU KW KWT 414 KWKyrgyzstan KG KG KGZ 417 KGLaos LA LA LAO 418 LALatvia LG LV LVA 428 LVLebanon LE LB LBN 422 LBLesotho LT LS LSO 426 LSLiberia LI LR LBR 430 LRLibya LY LY LBY 434 LYLiechtenstein LS LI LIE 438 LILithuania LH LT LTU 440 LTLuxembourg LU LU LUX 442 LUMacau MC MO MAC 446 MOMacedonia, MK MK MKD 807 MKThe FormerYugoslavRepublic ofMadagascar MA MG MDG 450 MGMalawi MI MW MWI 454 MWMalaysia MY MY MYS 458 MYMaldives MV MV MDV 462 MVMali ML ML MLI 466 MLMalta MT MT MLT 470 MTMan, Isle of IM — — — — ISO includes with the UnitedKingdomMarshall RM MH MHL 584 MHIslandsMartinique MB MQ MTQ 474 MQMauritania MR MR MRT 478 MRMauritius MP MU MUS 480 MUMayotte MF YT MYT 175 YTMexico MX MX MEX 484 MXMicronesia, FM FSM 583 FMFederatedStates ofMidway MQ — — — — ISO includes with the USIslands Minor Outlying IslandsMiscellaneous — — — — ISO includes Bassas da(French) India, Europa Island,Glorioso Islands, Juan deNova Island, Tromelin IslandMoldova MD MD MDA 498 MDMonaco MN MC MCO 492 MCMongolia MG MN MNG 496 MNMontenegro* MW — — — — see footnote at end of tableMontserrat MH MS MSR 500 MSMorocco MO MA MAR 504 MAMozambique MZ MZ MOZ 508 MZMyanmar — — — — — see BurmaNamibia WA NA NAM 516 NANauru NR NR NRU 520 NRNavassa BQ — — — —IslandNepal NP NP NPL 524 NPNetherlands NL NL NLD 528 NLNetherlands NT AN ANT 530 ANAntillesNew Caledonia NC NC NCL 540 NCNew Zealand NZ NZ NZL 554 NZNicaragua NU NI NIC 558 NINiger NG NE NER 562 NENigeria NI NG NGA 566 NGNiue NE NU NIU 570 NUNorfolk NF NF NFK 574 NFIslandNorthern CQ MP MNP 580 MPMarianaIslandsNorway NO NO NOR 578 NOOman MU OM OMN 512 OMPakistan PK PK PAK 586 PKPalau PS PW PLW 585 PWPalmyra Atoll LQ — — — — ISO includes with the USMinor Outlying IslandsPanama PM PA PAN 591 PAPapua New PP PG PNG 598 PGGuineaParacel PF — — — —IslandsParaguay PA PY PRY 600 PYPeru PE PE PER 604 PEPhilippines RP PH PHL 608 PHPitcairn PC PN PCN 612 PNIslandsPoland PL PL POL 616 PLPortugal PO PT PRT 620 PTPuerto Rico RQ PR PRI 630 PRQatar QA QA QAT 634 QAReunion RE RE REU 638 RERomania RO RO ROM 642 RORussia RS RU RUS 643 RURwanda RW RW RWA 646 RWSaint Helena SH SH SHN 654 SHSaint Kitts SC KN KNA 659 KNand NevisSaint Lucia ST LC LCA 662 LCSaint Pierre SB PM SPM 666 PMand MiquelonSaint Vincent VC VC VCT 670 VCand theGrenadinesSamoa WS WS WSM 882 WS —San Marino SM SM SMR 674 SMSao Tome and TP ST STP 678 STPrincipeSaudi Arabia SA SA SAU 682 SASenegal SG SN SEN 686 SNSerbia* SR — — — — see footnote at end of tableSerbia and — — — — — see footnote at end of tableMontenegro*Seychelles SE SC SYC 690 SCSierra Leone SL SL SLE 694 SLSingapore SN SG SGP 702 SGSlovakia LO SK SVK 703 SKSlovenia SI SI SVN 705 SISolomon BP SB SLB 090 SBIslandsSomalia SO SO SOM 706 SOSouth Africa SF ZA ZAF 710 ZASouth Georgia SX GS SGS 239 GSand the SouthSandwichIslandsSpain SP ES ESP 724 ESSpratly PG — — — —IslandsSri Lanka CE LK LKA 144 LKSudan SU SD SDN 736 SDSuriname NS SR SUR 740 SRSvalbard SV SJ SJM 744 SJ ISO includes Jan MayenSwaziland WZ SZ SWZ 748 SZSweden SW SE SWE 752 SESwitzerland SZ CH CHE 756 CHSyria SY SY SYR 760 SYTaiwan TW TW TWN 158 TWTajikistan TI TJ TJK 762 TJTanzania TZ TZ TZA 834 TZThailand TH TH THA 764 THTogo TO TG TGO 768 TGTokelau TL TK TKL 772 TKTonga TN TO TON 776 TOTrinidad and TD TT TTO 780 TTTobagoTromelin TE — — — — ISO includes with theIsland Miscellaneous (French)Indian Ocean IslandsTunisia TS TN TUN 788 TNTurkey TU TR TUR 792 TRTurkmenistan TX TM TKM 795 TMTurks and TK TC TCA 796 TCCaicosIslandsTuvalu TV TV TUV 798 TVUganda UG UG UGA 800 UGUkraine UP UA UKR 804 UAUnited Arab TC AE ARE 784 AEEmiratesUnited UK GB GBR 826 UK/GB ISO includes Guernsey, IsleKingdom of Man, JerseyUnited States US US USA 840 USUnited States — UM UMI 581 UM ISO includes Baker Island,Minor Howland Island, JarvisOutlying Island, Johnston Atoll,Islands Kingman Reef, MidwayIslands, Palmyra Atoll, WakeIslandUruguay UY UY URY 858 UYUzbekistan UZ UZ UZB 860 UZVanuatu NH VU VUT 548 VUVenezuela VE VE VEN 862 UEVietnam VM VN VNM 704 VNVirgin VQ VI VIR 850 VIIslandsVirgin — — — — — see British Virgin IslandsIslands (UK)Virgin — — — — — see Virgin IslandsIslands (US)Wake Atoll WQ — — — — ISO includes with the USMinor Outlying IslandsWallis and WF WF WLF 876 WFFutunaWest Bank WE — — — —Western WI EH ESH 732 EHSaharaWestern Samoa — — — — — see SamoaWorld — — — — — the Factbook uses the W datacode from DIAM 65—18Geopolitical Data Elementsand Related Features, DataStandard No. 3, December1994, published by theDefense Intelligence AgencyYemen YM YE YEM 887 YEYugoslavia* — YU YUG 891 YU see footnote at end of tableZaire — — — — — see Democratic Republic ofthe CongoZambia ZA ZM ZWB 894 ZMZimbabwe ZI ZW ZWE 716 ZW