Chapter 89

Wake Islandoccasional typhoons

Wallis and FutunaNA

West Bankdroughts

Western Saharahot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occurduring winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% oftime, often severely restricting visibility

Worldlarge areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones),natural disasters (earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcaniceruptions)

Yemensandstorms and dust storms in summer

Zambiaperiodic drought, tropical storms (November to April)

Zimbabwerecurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

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@2022 People - note

Afghanistanof the estimated 4 million refugees in October 2001, 2.3million have returned

Ashmore and Cartier Islandsthe landing of illegal immigrants fromIndonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem

Christmas IslandThe Australian Bureau of Statistics reports apopulation of 1508 as of the 2001 Census

Cubaillicit migration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt todepart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, aliensmugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; some 2,500 Cubanstook to the Straits of Florida in 2002; the US Coast Guardinterdicted about 60% of these migrants; Cubans also usenon-maritime routes to enter the US; some 1,500 Cubans arrivedoverland via the southwest border and direct flights to Miami in 2002

Ghanathere are 9,500 Liberians, 2,000 Sierra Leoneans, and 1,000Togolese refugees residing in Ghana (2002)

Greecewomen, men, and children are trafficked to and within Greecefor the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labor

RwandaRwanda is the most densely populated country in Africa

Turks and Caicos Islandsdestination and transit point for illegalHaitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas,and US

Ukrainethe sex trafficking of Ukrainian women is a serious problemthat has only recently been addressed

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

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@2023 Area - comparative

Afghanistanslightly smaller than Texas

Akrotiriabout 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC

Albaniaslightly smaller than Maryland

Algeriaslightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas

American Samoaslightly larger than Washington, DC

Andorra2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Angolaslightly less than twice the size of Texas

Anguillaabout half the size of Washington, DC

Antarcticaslightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US

Antigua and Barbuda2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Arctic Oceanslightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US

Argentinaslightly less than three-tenths the size of the US

Armeniaslightly smaller than Maryland

Arubaslightly larger than Washington, DC

Ashmore and Cartier Islands about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Atlantic Oceanslightly less than 6.5 times the size of the US

Australiaslightly smaller than the US contiguous 48 states

Austriaslightly smaller than Maine

Azerbaijanslightly smaller than Maine

Bahamas, Theslightly smaller than Connecticut

Bahrain3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Baker Islandabout 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Bangladeshslightly smaller than Iowa

Barbados2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Bassas da Indiaabout one-third the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Belarusslightly smaller than Kansas

Belgiumabout the size of Maryland

Belizeslightly smaller than Massachusetts

Beninslightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Bermudaabout one-third the size of Washington, DC

Bhutanabout half the size of Indiana

Boliviaslightly less than three times the size of Montana

Bosnia and Herzegovinaslightly smaller than West Virginia

Botswanaslightly smaller than Texas

Bouvet Islandabout 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Brazilslightly smaller than the US

British Indian Ocean Territoryabout 0.3 times the size ofWashington, DC

British Virgin Islandsabout 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC

Bruneislightly smaller than Delaware

Bulgariaslightly larger than Tennessee

Burkina Fasoslightly larger than Colorado

Burmaslightly smaller than Texas

Burundislightly smaller than Maryland

Cambodiaslightly smaller than Oklahoma

Cameroonslightly larger than California

Canadasomewhat larger than the US

Cape Verdeslightly larger than Rhode Island

Cayman Islands1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Central African Republicslightly smaller than Texas

Chadslightly more than three times the size of California

Chileslightly smaller than twice the size of Montana

Chinaslightly smaller than the US

Christmas Islandabout three-quarters the size of Washington, DC

Clipperton Islandabout 12 times the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Cocos (Keeling) Islandsabout 24 times the size of The Mall inWashington, DC

Colombiaslightly less than three times the size of Montana

Comorosslightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC

Congo, Democratic Republic of the slightly less than one-fourth the size of the US

Congo, Republic of theslightly smaller than Montana

Cook Islands1.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Coral Sea IslandsNA

Costa Ricaslightly smaller than West Virginia

Cote d'Ivoireslightly larger than New Mexico

Croatiaslightly smaller than West Virginia

Cubaslightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Cyprusabout 0.6 times the size of Connecticut

Czech Republicslightly smaller than South Carolina

Denmarkslightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts

Dhekeliaabout three-quarters the size of Washington, DC

Djiboutislightly smaller than Massachusetts

Dominicaslightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC

Dominican Republicslightly more than twice the size of New Hampshire

East Timorslightly larger than Connecticut

Ecuadorslightly smaller than Nevada

Egyptslightly more than three times the size of New Mexico

El Salvadorslightly smaller than Massachusetts

Equatorial Guineaslightly smaller than Maryland

Eritreaslightly larger than Pennsylvania

Estoniaslightly smaller than New Hampshire and Vermont combined

Ethiopiaslightly less than twice the size of Texas

Europa Islandabout 0.16 times the size of Washington, DC

European Unionless than one-half the size of the US

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)slightly smaller than Connecticut

Faroe Islandseight times the size of Washington, DC

Fijislightly smaller than New Jersey

Finlandslightly smaller than Montana

Franceslightly less than twice the size of Colorado

French Guianaslightly smaller than Indiana

French Polynesiaslightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut

French Southern and Antarctic Lands slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Delaware

Gabonslightly smaller than Colorado

Gambia, Theslightly less than twice the size of Delaware

Gaza Stripslightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Georgiaslightly smaller than South Carolina

Germanyslightly smaller than Montana

Ghanaslightly smaller than Oregon

Gibraltarabout 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Glorioso Islandsabout eight times the size of The Mall inWashington, DC

Greeceslightly smaller than Alabama

Greenlandslightly more than three times the size of Texas

Grenadatwice the size of Washington, DC

Guadeloupe10 times the size of Washington, DC

Guamthree times the size of Washington, DC

Guatemalaslightly smaller than Tennessee

Guernseyabout one-half the size of Washington, DC

Guineaslightly smaller than Oregon

Guinea-Bissauslightly less than three times the size of Connecticut

Guyanaslightly smaller than Idaho

Haitislightly smaller than Maryland

Heard Island and McDonald Islandsslightly more than two times thesize of Washington, DC

Holy See (Vatican City)about 0.7 times the size of The Mall inWashington, DC

Hondurasslightly larger than Tennessee

Hong Kongsix times the size of Washington, DC

Howland Islandabout three times the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Hungaryslightly smaller than Indiana

Icelandslightly smaller than Kentucky

Indiaslightly more than one-third the size of the US

Indian Oceanabout 5.5 times the size of the US

Indonesiaslightly less than three times the size of Texas

Iranslightly larger than Alaska

Iraqslightly more than twice the size of Idaho

Irelandslightly larger than West Virginia

Israelslightly smaller than New Jersey

Italyslightly larger than Arizona

Jamaicaslightly smaller than Connecticut

Jan Mayenslightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Japanslightly smaller than California

Jarvis Islandabout eight times the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Jerseyabout two-thirds the size of Washington, DC

Johnston Atollabout 4.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Jordanslightly smaller than Indiana

Juan de Nova Islandabout seven times the size of The Mall inWashington, DC

Kazakhstanslightly less than four times the size of Texas

Kenyaslightly more than twice the size of Nevada

Kingman Reefabout 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Kiribatifour times the size of Washington, DC

Korea, Northslightly smaller than Mississippi

Korea, Southslightly larger than Indiana

Kuwaitslightly smaller than New Jersey

Kyrgyzstanslightly smaller than South Dakota

Laosslightly larger than Utah

Latviaslightly larger than West Virginia

Lebanonabout 0.7 times the size of Connecticut

Lesothoslightly smaller than Maryland

Liberiaslightly larger than Tennessee

Libyaslightly larger than Alaska

Liechtensteinabout 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC

Lithuaniaslightly larger than West Virginia

Luxembourgslightly smaller than Rhode Island

Macauabout 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC

Macedoniaslightly larger than Vermont

Madagascarslightly less than twice the size of Arizona

Malawislightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Malaysiaslightly larger than New Mexico

Maldivesabout 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC

Malislightly less than twice the size of Texas

Maltaslightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC

Man, Isle ofslightly more than three times the size of Washington,DC

Marshall Islandsabout the size of Washington, DC

Martiniqueslightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC

Mauritaniaslightly larger than three times the size of New Mexico

Mauritiusalmost 11 times the size of Washington, DC

Mayotteslightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Mexicoslightly less than three times the size of Texas

Micronesia, Federated States offour times the size of Washington,DC (land area only)

Midway Islandsabout nine times the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Moldovaslightly larger than Maryland

Monacoabout three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Mongoliaslightly smaller than Alaska

Montserratabout 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC

Moroccoslightly larger than California

Mozambiqueslightly less than twice the size of California

Namibiaslightly more than half the size of Alaska

Nauruabout 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC

Navassa Islandabout nine times the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Nepalslightly larger than Arkansas

Netherlandsslightly less than twice the size of New Jersey

Netherlands Antillesmore than five times the size of Washington, DC

New Caledoniaslightly smaller than New Jersey

New Zealandabout the size of Colorado

Nicaraguaslightly smaller than the state of New York

Nigerslightly less than twice the size of Texas

Nigeriaslightly more than twice the size of California

Niue1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Norfolk Islandabout 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC

Northern Mariana Islands2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Norwayslightly larger than New Mexico

Omanslightly smaller than Kansas

Pacific Oceanabout 15 times the size of the US; covers about 28% ofthe global surface; larger than the total land area of the world

Pakistanslightly less than twice the size of California

Palauslightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Palmyra Atollabout 20 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Panamaslightly smaller than South Carolina

Papua New Guineaslightly larger than California

Paracel IslandsNA

Paraguayslightly smaller than California

Peruslightly smaller than Alaska

Philippinesslightly larger than Arizona

Pitcairn Islandsabout 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Polandslightly smaller than New Mexico

Portugalslightly smaller than Indiana

Puerto Ricoslightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island

Qatarslightly smaller than Connecticut

Reunionslightly smaller than Rhode Island

Romaniaslightly smaller than Oregon

Russiaapproximately 1.8 times the size of the US

Rwandaslightly smaller than Maryland

Saint Helenaslightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Saint Kitts and Nevis1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Saint Lucia3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Saint Pierre and Miquelon1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Saint Vincent and the Grenadinestwice the size of Washington, DC

Samoaslightly smaller than Rhode Island

San Marinoabout 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Sao Tome and Principemore than five times the size of Washington, DC

Saudi Arabiaslightly more than one-fifth the size of the US

Senegalslightly smaller than South Dakota

Serbia and Montenegroslightly smaller than Kentucky

Seychelles2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Sierra Leoneslightly smaller than South Carolina

Singaporeslightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Slovakiaabout twice the size of New Hampshire

Sloveniaslightly smaller than New Jersey

Solomon Islandsslightly smaller than Maryland

Somaliaslightly smaller than Texas

South Africaslightly less than twice the size of Texas

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islandsslightly larger thanRhode Island

Southern Oceanslightly more than twice the size of the US

Spainslightly more than twice the size of Oregon

Spratly IslandsNA

Sri Lankaslightly larger than West Virginia

Sudanslightly more than one-quarter the size of the US

Surinameslightly larger than Georgia

Svalbardslightly smaller than West Virginia

Swazilandslightly smaller than New Jersey

Swedenslightly larger than California

Switzerlandslightly less than twice the size of New Jersey

Syriaslightly larger than North Dakota

Taiwanslightly smaller than Maryland and Delaware combined

Tajikistanslightly smaller than Wisconsin

Tanzaniaslightly larger than twice the size of California

Thailandslightly more than twice the size of Wyoming

Togoslightly smaller than West Virginia

Tokelauabout 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Tongafour times the size of Washington, DC

Trinidad and Tobagoslightly smaller than Delaware

Tromelin Islandabout 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington,DC

Tunisiaslightly larger than Georgia

Turkeyslightly larger than Texas

Turkmenistanslightly larger than California

Turks and Caicos Islands2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Tuvalu0.1 times the size of Washington, DC

Ugandaslightly smaller than Oregon

Ukraineslightly smaller than Texas

United Arab Emiratesslightly smaller than Maine

United Kingdomslightly smaller than Oregon

United Statesabout half the size of Russia; about three-tenths thesize of Africa; about half the size of South America (or slightlylarger than Brazil); slightly larger than China; about two and ahalf times the size of Western Europe

Uruguayslightly smaller than the state of Washington

Uzbekistanslightly larger than California

Vanuatuslightly larger than Connecticut

Venezuelaslightly more than twice the size of California

Vietnamslightly larger than New Mexico

Virgin Islandstwice the size of Washington, DC

Wake Islandabout 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Wallis and Futuna1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

West Bankslightly smaller than Delaware

Western Saharaabout the size of Colorado

Worldland area about 16 times the size of the US

Yemenslightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming

Zambiaslightly larger than Texas

Zimbabweslightly larger than Montana

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

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@2024 Military manpower - military age and obligation (years of age)

Afghanistan22 years of age (2004 est.)

Albania19 years of age (2004 est.)

Algeria19-30 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 18 months (October 2003)

Angola17 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 2 years plus time for training (2001)

Antigua and Barbuda18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Argentina18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Armenia18-27 years of age for compulsory military service,conscript service obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age forvoluntary military service (May 2004)

Australia16 years of age for voluntary service (2001)

Austria18 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years ofage for voluntary service; from 2007, at the earliest, compulsorymilitary service obligation will be reduced from 8 months to 6 (June2004)

Azerbaijan18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; law passed December 2001 raises maximum conscription agefrom 28 to 35 (December 2001)

Bahamas, The18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Bahrain18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Bangladesh16 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Barbados18 years of age for voluntary military service; volunteersat earlier age with parental consent; no conscription (2001)

Belarus18-27 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 18 months (May 2004)

Belgium16 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Belize18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allowfor conscription only if volunteers are insufficient; conscriptionhas never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber availablepositions by 3:1 (2001)

Benin21 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service;in practice, volunteers may be taken at the age of 18; both sexesare eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18months (2004)

Bhutan18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Bolivia18 years of age for voluntary military service; when annualnumber of volunteers falls short of goal, compulsory recruitment iseffected, including conscription of boys as young as 14; oneestimate holds that 40% of the armed forces are under the age of 18,with 50% of those under the age of 16; conscript tour of duty - 12months (2002)

Bosnia and Herzegovina18 years of age for compulsory militaryservice in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; 16 years of agein times of war; 18 years of age for Republika Srpska; 17 years ofage for voluntary military service in the Federation and in theRepublika Srpska; by law, military obligations cover all healthy menbetween the ages of 18 and 60, and all women between the ages of 18and 55; service obligation is 4 months (July 2004)

Botswana18 is the apparent age of voluntary military service; theofficial qualifications for determining minimum age are unknown(2001)

Brazil19 years of age for compulsory military service, conscriptservice obligation - 12 months; 17 years of age for voluntaryservice (2001)

Brunei18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Bulgaria18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 9 months (2004)

Burkina Faso18 years of age for compulsory military service; 20years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Burma18 years of age for voluntary military service for both sexes(May 2002)

Burundi16 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice (2001)

Cambodia18-30 years of age for compulsory military service for allmales; conscription law passed September 2004; service obligation is18 months (September 2004)

Cameroon18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (1999)

Canada16 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Central African Republic18 years of age for voluntary andcompulsory military service (2001)

Chad20 years of age for conscripts, with 3-year service obligation;18 years of age for volunteers; no minimum age restriction forvolunteers with consent from a guardian (2004)

Chile18 years of age for compulsory military service; all citizens18-45 are obligated to perform military service; conscript serviceobligation - 12 months for Army, 24 months for Navy and Air Force(2004)

China18 years of age for compulsory military service, with 24-monthservice obligation; no minimum age for voluntary service; 17 yearsof age for women who meet requirements for specific military jobs(2004)

Colombia18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 24 months (2004)

Congo, Republic of the18 years of age for voluntary militaryservice (2001)

Costa Rica18 years of age (2004 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)

Croatia18 years of age for compulsory military service, with6-month service obligation; 16 years of age with consent forvoluntary service (2004)

Cuba17 years of age; both sexes are eligible for military service(2004 est.)

Cyprus18 years of age (2004 est.)

Czech Republic18-50 years of age for compulsory and voluntarymilitary service; service obligation - 12 months; conscription dueto end by 2005 (January 2004)

Denmark18 years of age for compulsory and volunteer militaryservice; conscripts serve an initial training period that variesfrom 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists areassigned to mobilization units following completion of theirconscript service (2004)

Djibouti18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Dominican Republic 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

East Timor18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Ecuador20 years of age for conscript military service; 12-monthservice obligation (2004)

Egypt18 years of age for conscript military service; 3-year serviceobligation (2001)

El Salvador18 years of age for compulsory military service, with12-month service obligation; 16 years of age for volunteers (2002)

Equatorial Guinea18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Eritrea18 years of age for voluntary and compulsory militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 16 months (2004)

Estonia18 years of age for compulsory military service, with11-month service obligation; Estonia has committed to retainingconscription for men and women up to 2010; 17 years of age forvolunteers (2004)

Ethiopia18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice (2001)

Fiji18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Finland18 years of age for voluntary and compulsory militaryservice (October 2004)

France17 years of age with consent for voluntary military service(2001)

Gabon18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service(2001)

Gambia, The18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Georgia18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)

Germany18 years of age (conscripts serve a nine-month tour ofcompulsory military service) (2004 est.)

Ghana18 years of age for compulsory and volunteer military service(2001)

Greece18 years of age for compulsory military service; duringwartime the law allows for recruitment after reaching January of theyear of inductee's 18th birthday, thus including 17 year olds; 17years of age for volunteers; conscript service obligation - 12months for the Army, 14 months for the Air Force, 15 months for theNavy (April 2003)

Guatemala18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 30 months (2004)

Guinea18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 2 years (2004)

Guinea-Bissau18 years of age for compulsory military service (2001)

Haiti18 years of age for voluntary recruitment into the policeforce (2001)

Honduras18 years of age for voluntary 2-3 year military service(2004)

Hong Kong18 years of age (2004 est.)

Hungary18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscriptionabolished in June 2004 (June 2004)

India16 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Indonesia18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2002)

Iran18 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years ofage for volunteers; soldiers as young as 9 were recruitedextensively during the Iran-Iraq war; conscript service obligation -18 months (2004)

Iraq18 years of age; the Iraqi Interim Government is creating a newprofessional Iraqi military force of men aged 18 to 40 to defendIraqi territory from external threats (September 2004)

Ireland17 years of age for voluntary military service; enlisteesunder the age of 17 can be recruited for specialist positions (2001)

Israel17 years of age for compulsory (Jews, Druzes) and voluntary(Christians, Muslims, Circassians) military service; both sexes areeligible for military service; conscript service obligation - 36months for men, 21 months for women (2004)

Italy18 years of age (2004 est.)

Jamaica18 years of age for voluntary military service; youngerrecruits may be conscripted with parental consent (2001)

Japan18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Jordan17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscriptionat age 18 was suspended in 1999, although all males under age 37 arerequired to register (2004)

Kazakhstan18 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 2 years; minimum age for volunteersNA (2004 est.)

Kenya18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Korea, North17 years of age (2004 est.)

Korea, South20-30 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 24-28 months, depending on themilitary branch involved; 18 years of age for voluntary militaryservice (2004)

Kuwait18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service(2001)

Kyrgyzstan18 years of age for compulsory military service (2001)

Laos15 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - minimum 18 months (2004)

Latvia19 years of age for compulsory military service, conscriptservice obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age for volunteers;Latvia plans to phase out conscription, tentatively moving to anall-professional force by 2007 (August 2004)

Lebanon18-30 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 12 months (2004)

Lesotho18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Liberia18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Libya17 years of age (2004 est.)

Lithuania19-45 years of age for compulsory military service,conscript service obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age forvolunteers (2004)

Luxembourg17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiersunder 18 are not deployed into combat or with peacekeeping missions(2001)

Macedonia18 years of age for voluntary military service, tour ofconscript duty is 6 months; 17 years of age for voluntary service(2004)

Madagascar18 years of age (est.); conscript service obligation - 18months (2004)

Malawi18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Malaysia18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Maldives18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Mali18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service;conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Malta18 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Mauritania18 years of age (est.); conscript service obligation - 2years (2004)

Mexico18 years of age for compulsory military service, conscriptservice obligation - 12 months; 16 years of age with consent forvoluntary enlistment (2004)

Moldova18 years of age for compulsory military service; nationalservice obligation - 12 months (2004)

Mongolia18-25 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 12 months (2004)

Morocco18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)

Namibia18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Nepal18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Netherlands20 years of age for an all volunteer force (May 2004)

Netherlands Antilles16 years of age for military recruitment; noconscription (July 2002)

New Zealand17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldierscannot be deployed until the age of 18 (2001)

Nicaragua17 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Niger18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 2 years (2004)

Nigeria18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Norway18 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years ofage in wartime; 17 years of age for male volunteers; 18 years of agefor women; 16 years of age for volunteers to the Home Guard;conscript service obligation - 12 months (2004)

Oman18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Pakistan16 years of age for voluntary military service; soldierscannot be deployed for combat until age of 18 (2001)

Papua New Guinea18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Paraguay18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 12 months for Army, 24months for Navy (2004)

Peru18 years of age for compulsory military service (1999)

Philippines18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice (2001)

Poland17 years of age for compulsory military service after January1st of the year of 18th birthday; 17 years of age for voluntarymilitary service; in 2005 Poland plans to shorten the length ofconscript service obligation from 12 to 9 months; by 2008, planscall for at least 60% of military personnel to be volunteers; onlysoldiers who have completed their conscript service are allowed tovolunteer for professional service; as of April 2004 women are onlyallowed to serve as officers and non-commissioned officers (April2004)

Portugal18 years of age for voluntary military service; compulsorymilitary service was ended in September 2004 (September 2004)

Qatar18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Reunion18 years of age (2004 est.)

Romania20 years of age for compulsory military service, 18 inwartime; conscript service obligation - 12 months; 18 years of agefor voluntary military service (2004)

Russia18-27 years of age; males are registered for the draft at 17years of age; 200,000 conscripts were inducted into the armed forcesin 2003; length of compulsory military service is 2 years; plans asof August 2004 call for reduction in mandatory service to 1 year by2008; 2003 planning calls for volunteer servicemen to compose 70% ofarmed forces by 2010, with the remaining servicemen consisting ofconscripts (August 2004)

Rwanda16 years of age for voluntary military service; noconscription (2001)

Saint Kitts and Nevis18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Sao Tome and Principe18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Saudi Arabia18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2004)

Senegal18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Serbia and Montenegro19 years of age (nine months compulsoryservice) (2004)

Seychelles18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Sierra Leone18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

Singapore18 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 yearsof age for volunteers; conscript service obligation to be reduced to24 months from 30 months beginning December 2004 (June 2004)

Slovakia18 years of age (conscripts serve nine months of basicmilitary service; term of service will be reduced to six monthseffective 2004) complete transition to an all-volunteer professionalforce is planned for 1 January 2007; 82% of Slovak armed forces willbe volunteers by December 2004; volunteers include women, withminimum age of 17 years; 18 years of age for compulsory militaryservice; conscripts serve 9 months of basic military service;service obligation reduced to 6 months effective 2004 (October 2004)

Slovenia17 years of age for voluntary military service;conscription abolished in 2004 (2004)

Somalia18 years of age (est.) (2001)

South Africa18 years of age for voluntary military service (October2004)

Spain20 years of age (2004 est.)

Sri Lanka18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Sudan18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 3 years (August 2004)

Suriname18 years of age (est.); no conscription

Swaziland18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Sweden19 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 7 to 17 months depending on conscript role;after completing initial service soldiers have a reserve commitmentuntil the age of 47 (2004)

Switzerland19 years of age for compulsory military service; 17years of age for voluntary military service; conscripts receive 15weeks of compulsory training, followed by 10 intermittent recallsfor training over the next 22 years (2004)

Syria18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 30 months (2004)

Taiwan19-40 years of age for military service (being lowered to 35years of age in July 2005); service obligation 22 months (beingshortened to 18 months in July 2005 and 12 months in 2008) (January2005)

Tajikistan18 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Tanzania15 years of age for voluntary military service; 18 years ofage for compulsory military service upon graduation from secondaryschool; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Thailand21 years of age for compulsory military service; males areregistered at 18 years of age; conscript service obligation - 2years; 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2004)

Togo18 years of age for voluntary and compulsory military service(2001)

Tonga18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Trinidad and Tobago18 years of age for voluntary military service;no conscription (2001)

Tunisia20 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age for voluntarymilitary service (2004)

Turkey20 years of age (2004 est.)

Turkmenistan18 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Uganda18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military duty;the government has stated that recruitment below that age couldoccur with proper consent and that "no person under the apparent ageof 13 years shall be enrolled in the armed forces"

Ukraine18-27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 18 months for Army and AirForce, 24 months for Navy (2004)

United Arab Emirates18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)

United Kingdom16 years of age for voluntary military service(January 2004)

United States18 years of age (2004 est.)

Uruguay18 years of age for voluntary and compulsory militaryservice (2001)

Uzbekistan18 years of age for compulsory military service;conscript service obligation - 12 months (2004)

Venezuela18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary militaryservice; conscript service obligation - 30 months (2004)

Vietnam18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 2 years (2004)

Yemen18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscriptservice obligation - 2 years (2004)

Zambia18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Zimbabwe18 years of age (est.) (2004)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

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@2025 Military manpower - fit for military service

Afghanistanmales age 15-49: 3,642,659 (2004 est.)

Albaniamales age 15-49: 775,422 (2004 est.)

Algeriamales age 15-49: 5,675,739 (2004 est.)

Angolamales age 15-49: 1,317,328 (2004 est.)

Argentinamales age 15-49: 8,042,304 (2004 est.)

Armeniamales age 15-49: 649,568 (2004 est.)

Australiamales age 15-49: 4,356,671 (2004 est.)

Austriamales age 15-49: 1,699,384 (2004 est.)

Azerbaijanmales age 15-49: 1,748,567 (2004 est.)

Bahrainmales age 15-49: 121,484 (2004 est.)

Bangladeshmales age 15-49: 23,441,482 (2004 est.)

Barbadosmales age 15-49: 53,127 (2004 est.)

Belarusmales age 15-49: 2,164,923 (2004 est.)

Belgiummales age 15-49: 2,068,221 (2004 est.)

Belizemales age 15-49: 40,619 (2004 est.)

Beninmales age 15-49: 835,561females age 15-49: 835,633 (2004 est.)

Bhutanmales age 15-49: 290,843 (2004 est.)

Boliviamales age 15-49: 1,417,804 (2004 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovinamales age 15-49: 898,451 (2004 est.)

Botswanamales age 15-49: 202,176 (2004 est.)

Brazilmales age 15-49: 34,799,098 (2004 est.)

Bruneimales age 15-49: approx. 60,000 (2004 est.)

Bulgariamales age 15-49: 1,530,657 (2004 est.)

Burkina Fasomales age 15-49: 1,552,212 (2004 est.)

Burmamales age 15-49: 6,609,995females age 15-49: 6,595,611 (2004 est.)

Burundimales age 15-49: 747,400 (2004 est.)

Cambodiamales age 15-49: 1,899,710 (2004 est.)

Cameroonmales age 15-49: 1,979,151 (2004 est.)

Canadamales age 15-49: 7,176,642 (2004 est.)

Cape Verdemales age 15-49: 55,477 (2004 est.)

Central African Republicmales age 15-49: 460,469 (2004 est.)

Chadmales age 15-49: 1,051,802 (2004 est.)

Chilemales age 15-49: 3,107,454 (2004 est.)

Chinamales age 15-49: 208,143,352 (2004 est.)

Colombiamales age 15-49: 7,495,462 (2004 est.)

Comorosmales age 15-49: 91,825 (2004 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the males age 15-49: 6,480,645 (2004 est.)

Congo, Republic of themales age 15-49: 390,884 (2004 est.)

Costa Ricamales age 15-49: 736,007 (2004 est.)

Cote d'Ivoiremales age 15-49: 2,164,014 (2004 est.)

Croatiamales age 15-49: 873,994 (2004 est.)

Cubamales age 15-49: 1,929,370females age 15-49: 1,888,498 (2004 est.)

Cyprusmales age 15-49: 139,255 (2004 est.)

Czech Republicmales age 15-49: 2,003,748 (2004 est.)

Denmarkmales age 15-49: 1,088,751 (2004 est.)

Djiboutimales age 15-49: 64,540 (2004 est.)

Dominican Republicmales age 15-49: 1,474,978 (2004 est.)

East TimorNA (2004 est.)

Ecuadormales age 15-49: 2,315,808 (2004 est.)

Egyptmales age 15-49: 13,148,944 (2004 est.)

El Salvadormales age 15-49: 995,672 (2004 est.)

Equatorial Guineamales age 15-49: 61,084 (2004 est.)

EritreaNA (2004)

Estoniamales age 15-49: 257,386 (2004 est.)

Ethiopiamales age 15-49: 8,234,442 (2004 est.)

Fijimales age 15-49: 131,349 (2004 est.)

Finlandmales age 15-49: 1,013,961 (2004 est.)

Francemales age 15-49: 12,044,827 (2004 est.)

French Guianamales age 15-49: 33,914 (2004 est.)

Gabonmales age 15-49: 162,847 (2004 est.)

Gambia, Themales age 15-49: 176,733 (2004 est.)

Georgiamales age 15-49: 906,400 (2004 est.)

Germanymales age 15-49: 17,338,435 (2004 est.)

Ghanamales age 15-49: 2,994,600 (2004 est.)

Greecemales age 15-49: 2,004,343 (2004 est.)

Guatemalamales age 15-49: 2,233,562 (2004 est.)

Guineamales age 15-49: 1,064,965 (2004 est.)

Guinea-Bissaumales age 15-49: 185,801 (2004 est.)


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