Iraqbased on civil and Islamic law under the Iraqi InterimGovernment (IG) and Transitional Administrative Law (TAL)
Irelandbased on English common law, substantially modified byindigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in SupremeCourt; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Israelmixture of English common law, British Mandate regulations,and, in personal matters, Jewish, Christian, and Muslim legalsystems; in December 1985, Israel informed the UN Secretariat thatit would no longer accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Italybased on civil law system; appeals treated as new trials;judicial review under certain conditions in Constitutional Court;has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Jamaicabased on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Jan Mayenthe laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Japanmodeled after European civil law system with English-Americaninfluence; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court;accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Jarvis Islandthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
JerseyEnglish law and local statute; justice is administered by theRoyal Court
Johnston Atollthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Jordanbased on Islamic law and French codes; judicial review oflegislative acts in a specially provided High Tribunal; has notaccepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Juan de Nova Islandthe laws of France, where applicable, apply
Kazakhstanbased on civil law system
Kenyabased on Kenyan statutory law, Kenyan and English common law,tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; acceptscompulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutionalamendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in1991
Kingman Reefthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
KiribatiNA
Korea, Northbased on German civil law system with Japaneseinfluences and Communist legal theory; no judicial review oflegislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Korea, Southcombines elements of continental European civil lawsystems, Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought
Kuwaitcivil law system with Islamic law significant in personalmatters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Kyrgyzstanbased on civil law system
Laosbased on traditional customs, French legal norms andprocedures, and socialist practice
Latviabased on civil law system
Lebanonmixture of Ottoman law, canon law, Napoleonic code, andcivil law; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Lesothobased on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; judicialreview of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; hasnot accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Liberiadual system of statutory law based on Anglo-American commonlaw for the modern sector and customary law based on unwrittentribal practices for indigenous sector
Libyabased on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separatereligious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review oflegislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Liechtensteinlocal civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Lithuaniabased on civil law system; legislative acts can beappealed to the constitutional court
Luxembourgbased on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Macaubased on Portuguese civil law system
Macedoniabased on civil law system; judicial review of legislativeacts
Madagascarbased on French civil law system and traditional Malagasylaw; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Malawibased on English common law and customary law; judicialreview of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has notaccepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Malaysiabased on English common law; judicial review of legislativeacts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of thefederation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Maldivesbased on Islamic law with admixtures of English common lawprimarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Malibased on French civil law system and customary law; judicialreview of legislative acts in Constitutional Court (which wasformally established on 9 March 1994); has not accepted compulsoryICJ jurisdiction
Maltabased on English common law and Roman civil law; acceptscompulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Man, Isle ofEnglish common law and Manx statute
Marshall Islandsbased on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of thelegislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
MartiniqueFrench legal system
Mauritaniaa combination of Shari'a (Islamic law) and French civillaw
Mauritiusbased on French civil law system with elements of Englishcommon law in certain areas
MayotteFrench law
Mexicomixture of US constitutional theory and civil law system;judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Micronesia, Federated States of based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Midway Islandsthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Moldovabased on civil law system; Constitutional Court reviewslegality of legislative acts and governmental decisions ofresolution; it is unclear if Moldova accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction but accepts many UN and Organization for Security andCooperation in Europe (OSCE) documents
Monacobased on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Mongoliablend of Soviet, German, and US systems that combine"continental" or "civil" code and case-precedent; constitutionambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction
MontserratEnglish common law and statutory law
Moroccobased on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil lawsystem; judicial review of legislative acts in ConstitutionalChamber of Supreme Court
Mozambiquebased on Portuguese civil law system and customary law
Namibiabased on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution
Nauruacts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Navassa Islandthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Nepalbased on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has notaccepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Netherlandscivil law system incorporating French penal theory;constitution does not permit judicial review of acts of the StatesGeneral; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Netherlands Antillesbased on Dutch civil law system with someEnglish common law influence
New Caledoniathe 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomyto the islands; formerly under French law
New Zealandbased on English law, with special land legislation andland courts for the Maori; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction withreservations
Nicaraguacivil law system; Supreme Court may review administrativeacts
Nigerbased on French civil law system and customary law; has notaccepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Nigeriabased on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (in 12northern states), and traditional law
NiueEnglish common lawnote: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws
Norfolk Islandbased on the laws of Australia, local ordinances andacts; English common law applies in matters not covered by eitherAustralian or Norfolk Island law
Northern Mariana Islandsbased on US system, except for customs,wages, immigration laws, and taxation
Norwaymixture of customary law, civil law system, and common lawtraditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislaturewhen asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Omanbased on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal tothe monarch; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Pakistanbased on English common law with provisions to accommodatePakistan's status as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Palaubased on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature,municipal, common, and customary laws
Palmyra Atollthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Panamabased on civil law system; judicial review of legislativeacts in the Supreme Court of Justice; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Papua New Guineabased on English common law
Paraguaybased on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes;judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice
Perubased on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Philippinesbased on Spanish and Anglo-American law; acceptscompulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Pitcairn Islandslocal island by-laws
Polandmixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and holdoverCommunist legal theory; changes being gradually introduced as partof broader democratization process; limited judicial review oflegislative acts, but rulings of the Constitutional Tribunal arefinal; court decisions can be appealed to the European Court ofJustice in Strasbourg
Portugalcivil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews theconstitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Puerto Ricobased on Spanish civil code and within the US Federalsystem of justice
Qatardiscretionary system of law controlled by the amir, althoughcivil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family andpersonal matters
ReunionFrench law
Romaniaformer mixture of civil law system and communist legaltheory; is now based on the constitution of France's Fifth Republic
Russiabased on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts
Rwandabased on German and Belgian civil law systems and customarylaw; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; hasnot accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Saint HelenaNA
Saint Kitts and Nevisbased on English common law
Saint Luciabased on English common law
Saint Pierre and MiquelonFrench law with special adaptations forlocal conditions, such as housing and taxation
Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesbased on English common law
Samoabased on English common law and local customs; judicial reviewof legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of thecitizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
San Marinobased on civil law system with Italian law influences;has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Sao Tome and Principebased on Portuguese legal system and customarylaw; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Saudi Arabiabased on Islamic law, several secular codes have beenintroduced; commercial disputes handled by special committees; hasnot accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Senegalbased on French civil law system; judicial review oflegislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of Stateaudits the government's accounting office; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Serbia and Montenegrobased on civil law system
Seychellesbased on English common law, French civil law, andcustomary law
Sierra Leonebased on English law and customary laws indigenous tolocal tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Singaporebased on English common law; has not accepted compulsoryICJ jurisdiction
Slovakiacivil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has notaccepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to complywith the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation inEurope (OSCE) and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory
Sloveniabased on civil law system
Solomon IslandsEnglish common law, which is widely disregarded
Somaliano national system; Shari'a and secular courts are in somelocalities
South Africabased on Roman-Dutch law and English common law;accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islandsthe laws of the UK,where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the FalklandIslands presides over the Magistrates Court
Spaincivil law system, with regional applications; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Sri Lankaa highly complex mixture of English common law,Roman-Dutch, Muslim, Sinhalese, and customary law; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Sudanbased on English common law and Islamic law; as of 20 January1991, the now defunct Revolutionary Command Council imposed Islamiclaw in the northern states; Islamic law applies to all residents ofthe northern states regardless of their religion; some separatereligious courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, withreservations
Surinamebased on Dutch legal system incorporating French penaltheory
SvalbardNA
Swazilandbased on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courtsand Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has notaccepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Swedencivil law system influenced by customary law; acceptscompulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Switzerlandcivil law system influenced by customary law; judicialreview of legislative acts, except with respect to federal decreesof general obligatory character; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Syriabased on Islamic law and civil law system; special religiouscourts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Taiwanbased on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
Tajikistanbased on civil law system; no judicial review oflegislative acts
Tanzaniabased on English common law; judicial review of legislativeacts limited to matters of interpretation; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Thailandbased on civil law system, with influences of common law;has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
TogoFrench-based court system
TokelauNew Zealand and local statutes
Tongabased on English law
Trinidad and Tobagobased on English common law; judicial review oflegislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsoryICJ jurisdiction
Tromelin Islandthe laws of France, where applicable, apply
Tunisiabased on French civil law system and Islamic law; somejudicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court in jointsession
Turkeycivil law system derived from various European continentallegal systems; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, withreservations; note - member of the European Court of Human Rights(ECHR), although Turkey claims limited derogations on the ratifiedEuropean Convention on Human Rights
Turkmenistanbased on civil law system
Turks and Caicos Islandsbased on laws of England and Wales, with afew adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
TuvaluNA
Ugandain 1995, the government restored the legal system to onebased on English common law and customary law; accepts compulsoryICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Ukrainebased on civil law system; judicial review of legislativeacts
United Arab Emiratesfederal court system introduced in 1971;applies to all emirates except Dubayy (Dubai) and Ra's al Khaymah,which are not fully integrated into the federal system; all emirateshave secular courts to adjudicate criminal, civil, and commercialmatters and Islamic courts to review family and religious disputes
United Kingdomcommon law tradition with early Roman and moderncontinental influences; has judicial review of Acts of Parliamentunder the Human Rights Act of 1998; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction, with reservations
United Statesfederal court system based on English common law; eachstate has its own unique legal system, of which all but one(Louisiana's) is based on English common law; judicial review oflegislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction withreservations
Uruguaybased on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Uzbekistanevolution of Soviet civil law; still lacks independentjudicial system
Vanuatuunified system being created from former dual French andBritish systems
Venezuelaopen, adversarial court system
Vietnambased on communist legal theory and French civil law system
Virgin Islandsbased on US laws
Wake Islandthe laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Wallis and FutunaFrench legal system
Worldall members of the UN are parties to the statute thatestablished the International Court of Justice (ICJ) or World Court
Yemenbased on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, andlocal tribal customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJjurisdiction
Zambiabased on English common law and customary law; judicialreview of legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; hasnot accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Zimbabwemixture of Roman-Dutch and English common law
This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005
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@2101 Legislative branch
Afghanistannonfunctioning as of January 2004; government isempowered by the constitution to issue legislation by decree untilthe new assembly is seated; under the new constitution, thebicameral National Assembly will consist of the Wolesi Jirga orHouse of People (no more than 249 seats), directly elected for afive-year term, and the Meshrano Jirga or House of Elders (102seats, one third elected from provincial councils for a four-yearterm, one third elected from local district councils for athree-year term, and one third presidential appointees for afive-year term; the presidential appointees will include tworepresentatives of Kuchis and two representatives of the disabled;half of the presidential appointees will be women)note: on rare occasions the government may convene the Loya Jirga onissues of independence, national sovereignty, and territorialintegrity; it can amend the provisions of the constitution andprosecute the president; it is made up of members of the NationalAssembly and chairpersons of the provincial and district councilselections: scheduled for spring 2005
Albaniaunicameral People's Assembly or Kuvendi Popullor (140 seats;100 are elected by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional votefor four-year terms)elections: last held 4 July 2005 (next to be held July 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -PD 55, PS 40, PR 11, PSD 7, LSI 5, other 22
Algeriabicameral Parliament consists of the National People'sAssembly or Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani (389 seats - changed from380 seats in the 2002 elections; members elected by popular vote toserve five-year terms) and the Council of Nations (Senate) (144seats; one-third of the members appointed by the president,two-thirds elected by indirect vote; members serve six-year terms;the constitution requires half the council to be renewed every threeyears)elections: National People's Assembly - last held 30 May 2002 (nextto be held NA 2007); Council of Nations (Senate) - last held 30December 2003 (next to be held NA 2006)election results: National People's Assembly - percent of vote byparty - NA%; seats by party - FLN 199, RND 48, Islah 43, MSP 38, PT21, FNA 8, EnNahda 1, PRA 1, MEN 1, independents 29; Council ofNations - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party NA%
American Samoabicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists ofthe House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected bypopular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from SwainsIsland; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats;members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)elections: House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004(next to be held November 2006); Senate - last held 2 November 2004(next to be held November 2008)election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote byparty - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party- NA%; seats by party - independents 18note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the USHouse of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2004 (nextto be held November 2006); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA(Democrat) reelected as delegate
Andorraunicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell Generalde las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote,14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each ofthe 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)elections: last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held March-April 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 41.2%, PS 38.1%,CDA 11%, other 9.7%; seats by party - PLA 14, PS 12, CDA 2
Angolaunicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220seats; members elected by proportional vote to serve four-year terms)elections: last held 29-30 September 1992 (next to be held September2006)election results: percent of vote by party - MPLA 54%, UNITA 34%,others 12%; seats by party - MPLA 129, UNITA 70, PRS 6, FNLA 5, PLD3, others 7
Anguillaunicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected bydirect popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; membersserve five-year terms)elections: last held 21 February 2005 (next to be held 2010)election results: percent of vote by party - AUF 38.9%, ANSA 19.2%,AUM 19.4%, APP 9.5 %, independents 13%; seats by party - AUF 4, ANSA2, AUM 1
Antigua and Barbudabicameral Parliament consists of the Senate(17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House ofRepresentatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportionalrepresentation to serve five-year terms)elections: House of Representatives - last held 23 March 2004 (nextto be held NA 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -ALP 4, UPP 13
Argentinabicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consistsof the Senate (72 seats; members are elected by direct vote;presently one-third of the members elected every two years to asix-year term) and the Chamber of Deputies (257 seats; members areelected by direct vote; one-half of the members elected every twoyears to a four-year term)elections: Senate - last held intermittently by province during the2nd half of 2003 (next to be held NA 2005); Chamber of Deputies -last held intermittently by province during the 2nd half of 2003(next to be held NA 2005)election results: Senate - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA%;seats by bloc or party - PJ 41, UCR 16, provincial parties 15;Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA%; seatsby bloc or party - PJ 133, UCR 46, IF 23, ARI 11, Socialist 6,other/provincial parties 38
Armeniaunicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov(131 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-yearterms; 75 members elected by party list, 56 by direct vote)elections: last held 25 May 2003 (next to be held in the spring of2007)note: percent of vote by party - Republican Party 23.5%, JusticeBloc 13.6%, Rule of Law 12.3%, ARF (Dashnak) 11.4%, National UnityParty 8.8%, United Labor Party 5.7%; seats by party - RepublicanParty 23, Justice Bloc 14, Rule of Law 12, ARF (Dashnak) 11,National Unity 9, United Labor 6; note - seats by party changefrequently as deputies switch parties or announce themselvesindependent
Arubaunicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected bydirect, popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: last held 23 September 2005 (next to be held by NA 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - MEP 43%, AVP 32%, MPA7%, RED 7%, PDR 6%, OLA 4%, PPA 2%; seats by party - MEP 11, AVP 8,MPA 1, RED 1
Australiabicameral Federal Parliament consists of the Senate (76seats - 12 from each of the six states and two from each of the twomainland territories; one-half of state members are elected everythree years by popular vote to serve six-year terms while allterritory members are elected every three years) and the House ofRepresentatives (150 seats; members elected by popular preferentialvoting to serve terms of up to three-years; no state can have fewerthan five representatives)elections: Senate - last held 9 October 2004 (next to be held nolater than June 2008); House of Representatives - last held 9October 2004 (next to be called no later than November 2007)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty (for session beginning on 1 July 2005) - LiberalParty-National Party coalition 39, Australian Labor Party 28,Democrats 4, Australian Greens 4, Family First Party 1; House ofRepresentatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -Liberal Party-National Party coalition 87, Australian Labor Party60, independents 3
Austriabicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung consists ofFederal Council or Bundesrat (62 members; members represent each ofthe states on the basis of population, but with each state having atleast three representatives; members serve a five- or six-year term)and the National Council or Nationalrat (183 seats; members electedby direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: National Council - last held 24 November 2002 (next to beheld in the fall of 2006)election results: National Council - percent of vote by party - OeVP42.3%, SPOe 36.5%, FPOe 10.0%, Greens 9.5%; seats by party - OeVP79, SPOe 69, FPOe 18, Greens 17; seating as of May 2005 after splitwithin the Freedom Party: OeVP 79, SPOe 69, Greens 17, BZOe 11, FPOe7
Azerbaijanunicameral National Assembly or Milli Mejlis (125 seats;members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)elections: last held 4 November 2000 (next to be held NA November2005)note: 100 members of the current parliament were elected on thebasis of single mandate constituencies, while 25 were elected basedon proportional balloting; as a result of a 24 August 2002 nationalreferendum on changes to the constitution, all 125 members of thenext parliament will be elected from single mandate constituencieselection results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -NAP and allies 108, APF "Reform" 6, CSP 3, PNIA 2, Musavat Party 2,CPA 2, APF "Classic" 1, Compatriot Party 1note: PNIA, Musavat, and APF "Classic" parties refused to take theirseats
Bahamas, Thebicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (16-memberbody appointed by the governor general upon the advice of the primeminister and the opposition leader for five-year terms) and theHouse of Assembly (40 seats; members elected by direct popular voteto serve five-year terms); the government may dissolve theparliament and call elections at any timeelections: last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held by May 2007)election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 50.8%, FNM 41.1%,independents 5.2%; seats by party - PLP 29, FNM 7, independents 4
Bahrainbicameral Parliament consists of Shura Council (40 membersappointed by the King) and House of Deputies (40 members directlyelected to serve four-year terms)elections: House of Deputies - last held 31 October 2002 (nextelection to be held NA 2006)election results: House of Deputies - percent of vote by party -NA%; seats by party - independents 21, Sunni Islamists 9, other 10note: first elections since 7 December 1973; unicameral NationalAssembly dissolved 26 August 1975; National Action Charter createdbicameral legislature on 23 December 2000; approved by referendum 14February 2001; first legislative session of Parliament held on 25December 2002
Bangladeshunicameral National Parliament or Jatiya Sangsad; 300seats elected by popular vote from single territorial constituencies(the constitutional amendment reserving 30 seats for women over andabove the 300 regular parliament seats expired in May 2001); membersserve five-year termselections: last held 1 October 2001 (next to be held before October2006)election results: percent of vote by party - BNP and alliancepartners 47%, AL 40%; seats by party - BNP 195, AL 58, JI 17, JP(Ershad faction) 14, IOJ 3, JP (Naziur) 4, other 9; note - theelection of October 2001 brought a majority BNP government alignedwith three other smaller parties - Jamaat-e-Islami, Islami OikyaJote, and Jatiya Party (Manzur)
Barbadosbicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (21-member bodyappointed by the governor general) and the House of Assembly (30seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-yearterms)elections: House of Assembly - last held 21 May 2003 (next to beheld by May 2008)election results: House of Assembly - percent of vote by party -NA%; seats by party - BLP 23, DLP 7
Belarusbicameral National Assembly or Natsionalnoye Sobranieconsists of the Council of the Republic or Soviet Respubliki (64seats; 56 members elected by regional councils and 8 membersappointed by the president, all for 4-year terms) and the Chamber ofRepresentatives or Palata Predstaviteley (110 seats; members electedby universal adult suffrage to serve 4-year terms)elections: last held 18 March and 1 April 2001 and 17 and 31 October2004; international observers widely denounced the October 2004elections as flawed and undemocratic, based on massive governmentfalsification; pro-Lukashenko candidates won every seat, after manyopposition candidates were disqualified for technical reasonselection results: Soviet Respubliki - percent of vote by party -NA%; seats by party - NA; Palata Predstaviteley - percent of vote byparty - NA%; seats by party - NA
Belgiumbicameral Parliament consists of a Senate or Senaat inDutch, Senat in French (71 seats; 40 members are directly elected bypopular vote, 31 are indirectly elected; members serve four-yearterms) and a Chamber of Deputies or Kamer vanVolksvertegenwoordigers in Dutch, Chambre des Representants inFrench (150 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote onthe basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)elections: Senate and Chamber of Deputies - last held 18 May 2003(next to be held no later than May 2007)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - SP.A-Spirit15.5%, VLD 15.4%, CD & V 12.7%, PS 12.8%, MR 12.1%, VB 9.4%, CDH5.6%; seats by party - SP.A-Spirit 7, VLD 7, CD & V 6, PS 6, MR 5,VB 5, CDH 2, other 2 (note - there are also 31 indirectly electedsenators); Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - VLD15.4%, SP.A-Spirit 14.9%, CD & V 13.3%, PS 13.0%, VB 11.6%, MR11.4%, CDH 5.5%, Ecolo 3.1%; seats by party - VLD 25, SP.A-Spirit23, CD & V 21, PS 25, VB 18, MR 24, CDH 8 Ecolo 4, other 2note: as a result of the 1993 constitutional revision that furthereddevolution into a federal state, there are now three levels ofgovernment (federal, regional, and linguistic community) with acomplex division of responsibilities; this reality leaves sixgovernments each with its own legislative assembly
Belizebicameral National Assembly consists of the Senate (12members appointed by the governor general - six on the advice of theprime minister, three on the advice of the leader of the opposition,and one each on the advice of the Belize Council of Churches andEvangelical Association of Churches, the Belize Chamber of Commerceand Industry and the Belize Better Business Bureau, and the NationalTrade Union Congress and the Civil Society Steering Committee;members are appointed for five-year terms) and the House ofRepresentatives (29 seats; members are elected by direct popularvote to serve five-year terms)elections: House of Representatives - last held 5 March 2003 (nextto be held March 2008)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -PUP 21, UDP 8
Beninunicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (83 seats;members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: last held 30 March 2003 (next to be held March 2007)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -Presidential Movement 52, opposition (PRB, PRD, E'toile, and 5 othersmall parties) 31
Bermudabicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-memberbody appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) andthe House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular voteto serve up to five-year terms)elections: last general election held 24 July 2003 (next to be heldJuly 2008)election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 51.7%, UBP 48%;seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14
Bhutanunicameral National Assembly or Tshogdu (150 seats; 105elected from village constituencies, 10 represent religious bodies,and 35 are designated by the monarch to represent government andother secular interests; members serve three-year terms)elections: local elections last held November 2002 (next to be heldNA 2005)election results: NA
Boliviabicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists ofChamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (27 seats; members areelected by proportional representation from party lists to servefive-year terms) and Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (130seats; 68 are directly elected from their districts and 62 areelected by proportional representation from party lists to servefive-year terms)elections: Chamber of Senators and Chamber of Deputies - last held30 June 2002 (next to be held June 2007)election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party -NA%; seats by party - MNR 11, MAS 8, MIR 5, NFR 2, other 1; Chamberof Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MNR36, MAS 27, MIR 26, NFR 25, others 16
Bosnia and Herzegovinabicameral Parliamentary Assembly or Skupstinaconsists of the National House of Representatives or PredstavnickiDom (42 seats - elected by proportional representation, 28 seatsallocated from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and 14 seatsfrom the Republika Srpska; members elected by popular vote to servefour-year terms); and the House of Peoples or Dom Naroda (15 seats -5 Bosniak, 5 Croat, 5 Serb; members elected by the Bosniak/CroatFederation's House of Representatives and the Republika Srpska'sNational Assembly to serve four-year terms); note - Bosnia'selection law specifies four-year terms for the state and first-orderadministrative division entity legislatureselections: National House of Representatives - elections last held 5October 2002 (next to be held in NA 2006); House of Peoples - lastconstituted NA January 2003 (next to be constituted in 2007)election results: National House of Representatives - percent ofvote by party/coalition - SDA 21.9%, SDS 14.0%, SBiH 10.5%, SDP10.4%, SNSD 9.8%, HDZ 9.5%, PDP 4.6%, others 19.3%; seats byparty/coalition - SDA 10, SDS 5, SBiH 6, SDP 4, SNSD 3, HDZ 5, PDP2, others 7; House of Peoples - percent of vote by party/coalition -NA%; seats by party/coalition - NAnote: the Bosniak/Croat Federation has a bicameral legislature thatconsists of a House of Representatives (98 seats; members elected bypopular vote to serve four-year terms); elections last held 5October 2002 (next to be held NA October 2006); percent of vote byparty - NA%; seats by party/coalition - SDA 32, HDZ-BiH 16, SDP 15,SBiH 15, other 20; and a House of Peoples (60 seats - 30 Bosniak, 30Croat); last constituted December 2002; the Republika Srpska has aNational Assembly (83 seats; members elected by popular vote toserve four-year terms); elections last held 5 October 2002 (next tobe held in the fall of 2006); percent of vote by party - NA%; seatsby party/coalition - SDS 26, SNSD 19, PDP 9, SDA 6, SRS 4, SPRS 3,DNZ 3, SBiH 4, SDP 3, others 6; as a result of the 2002constitutional reform process, a 28-member Republika Srpska Councilof Peoples (COP) was established in the Republika Srpska NationalAssembly including 8 Croats, 8 Bosniaks, 8 Serbs, and 4 members ofthe smaller communities
Botswanabicameral Parliament consists of the House of Chiefs (alargely advisory 15-member body consisting of the chiefs of theeight principal tribes, four elected subchiefs, and three membersselected by the other 12 members) and the National Assembly (61seats, 57 members are directly elected by popular vote and four areappointed by the majority party; members serve five-year terms)elections: National Assembly elections last held 30 October 2004(next to be held October 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - BDP 52%, BNF 26%, BCP17%, other 5%; seats by party - BDP 44, BNF 12, BCP 1
Brazilbicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists ofthe Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; three members fromeach state and federal district elected according to the principleof majority to serve eight-year terms; one-third elected after afour-year period, two-thirds elected after the next four-yearperiod) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara dos Deputados (513seats; members are elected by proportional representation to servefour-year terms)elections: Federal Senate - last held 6 October 2002 for two-thirdsof the Senate (next to be held October 2006 for one-third of theSenate); Chamber of Deputies - last held 6 October 2002 (next to beheld October 2006)election results: Federal Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%;seats by party - PMBD 19, PFL 19, PT 14, PSDB 11, PDT 5, PSB 4, PL3, PTB 3, PPS 1, PSD 1, PP 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of voteby party - NA%; seats by party - PT 91, PFL 84, PMDB 74, PSDB 71, PP49, PL 26, PTB 26, PSB 22, PDT 21, PPS 15, PCdoB 12, PRONA 6, PV 5,other 11; note - many congressmen have changed party affiliationsince the most recent election
British Virgin Islandsunicameral Legislative Council (13 seats;members are elected by direct popular vote, one member from each of9 electoral districts, four at-large members; members servefour-year terms)elections: last held 16 May 2003 (next to be held NA 2007)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -NDP 8, VIP 5
BruneiLegislative Council met on 25 September 2004 for first timein 20 years with 21 members appointed by the Sultan; passedconstitutional amendments calling for a 45-seat council with 15elected members; Sultan dissolved council on 1 September 2005 andappointed a new council with 29 members as of 2 September 2005elections: last held in March 1962 (date of next election NA)
Bulgariaunicameral National Assembly or Narodno Sobranie (240seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: last held 25 June 2005 (next to be held June 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - CfB 31.1%, NMS2 19.9%,MRF 12.7%, ATAKA 8.2%, UDF 7.7%, DSB 6.5%, BPU 5.2%; seats by party- CfB 83, NMS2 53, MRF 33, ATAKA 21, UDF 20, DSB 17, BPU 13
Burkina Fasounicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale(111 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-yearterms)elections: National Assembly election last held 5 May 2002 (next tobe held May 2007)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -CDP 57, RDA-ADF 17, PDP/PS 10, CFD 5, PAI 5, others 17
Burmaunicameral People's Assembly or Pyithu Hluttaw (485 seats;members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: last held 27 May 1990, but Assembly never allowed byjunta to conveneelection results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -NLD 392 (opposition), SNLD 23 (opposition), NUP 10 (pro-government),other 60
Burundibicameral, consists of a National Assembly or AssembleeNationale (expanded from 121 to approximately 140 seats under thetransitional government inaugurated 1 November 2001; members areelected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and a Senate (54seats; term length is undefined, the current senators will likelyserve out the three-year transition period)elections: last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in1998, but was suspended by presidential decree in 1996; electionsare currently planned to be held by April 2005)election results: percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16,civilians 27, other parties 13
Cambodiabicameral, consists of the National Assembly (123 seats;members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and theSenate (61 seats; two members appointed by the monarch, two electedby the National Assembly, and 57 elected by "functionalconstituencies"; members serve five-year terms)elections: National Assembly - last held 27 July 2003 (next to beheld in July 2008); Senate - last held 2 March 1999 (scheduled to beheld in 2004 but delayed)election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP47%, SRP 22%, FUNCINPEC 21%, other 10%; seats by party - CPP 73,FUNCINPEC 26, SRP 24; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seatsby party - CPP 31, FUNCINPEC 21, SRP 7, other 2 (July 2003)
Cameroonunicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-yearterms; note - the president can either lengthen or shorten the termof the legislature)elections: last held 23 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -RDCP 133, SDF 21, UDC 5, other 21note: the constitution calls for an upper chamber for thelegislature, to be called a Senate, but it has yet to be established
Canadabicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate orSenat (members appointed by the governor general with the advice ofthe prime minister and serve until reaching 75 years of age; itsnormal limit is 105 senators) and the House of Commons or Chambredes Communes (308 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote toserve for up to five-year terms)elections: House of Commons - last held 28 June 2004 (next to beheld by NA 2009)election results: House of Commons - percent of vote by party -Liberal Party 36.7%, Conservative Party 29.6%, New Democratic Party15.7%, Bloc Quebecois 12.4%, Greens 4.3%, independents 0.4%, other0.9%; seats by party - Liberal Party 134, Conservative Party 99,Bloc Quebecois 54, New Democratic Party 19, independent 2
Cape Verdeunicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held December 2005)election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%,ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
Cayman Islandsunicameral Legislative Assembly (18 seats, threeappointed members from the Executive Council and 15 elected bypopular vote; members serve four-year terms)elections: last held 11 May 2005 (next to be held 2009)election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - PPM 9, UDP 5,independent 1
Central African Republicunicameral National Assembly or AssembleeNationale (109 seats; members are elected by popular vote to servefive-year termselections: last held 22-23 November and 13 December 1998 (next to beheld 13 March 2005)election results: percent of vote by party - MLPC 43%, RDC 18%, MDD9%, FPP 6%, PSD 5%, ADP 4%, PUN 3%, FODEM 2%, PLD 2%, UPR 1%, FC 1%,independents 6%; seats by party - MLPC 47, RDC 20, MDD 8, FPP 7, PSD6, ADP 5, PUN 3, FODEM 2, PLD 2, UPR 1, FC 1, independents 7
Chadbicameral according to constitution, consists of a NationalAssembly (155 seats; members elected by popular vote to servefour-year terms) and a Senate (not yet created and size unspecified,members to serve six-year terms, one-third of membership renewableevery two years)elections: National Assembly - last held 21 April 2002 (next to beheld in April 2006)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -MPS 110, RDP 12, FAR 9, RNDP 5, URD 5, UNDR 3, others 11
Chilebicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists ofthe Senate or Senado (48 seats, 38 elected by popular vote, 9designated members, and 1 former president who has served a fullsix-year term and is senator for life); elected members serveeight-year terms (one-half elected every four years) and the Chamberof Deputies or Camara de Diputados (120 seats; members are electedby popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: Senate - last held 16 December 2001 (next to be heldDecember 2005); Chamber of Deputies - last held 16 December 2001(next to be held December 2005)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty - CPD 20 (PDC 12, PS 5, PPD 3), APC 16 (UDI 9, RN 7),independents 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party -NA%; seats by party - CPD 62 (PDC 24, PPD 21, PS 11, PRSD 6), UDI35, RN 22, independent 1
Chinaunicameral National People's Congress or Quanguo RenminDaibiao Dahui (2,985 seats; members elected by municipal, regional,and provincial people's congresses to serve five-year terms)elections: last held December 2002-February 2003 (next to be heldlate 2007-February 2008)election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - NA
Christmas Islandunicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats;members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: held every two years with half the members standing forelection; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held in 2005)election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9
Cocos (Keeling) Islandsunicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands ShireCouncil (7 seats)elections: held every two years with half the members standing forelection; last held NA
Colombiabicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Senate orSenado (102 seats; members are elected by popular vote to servefour-year terms) and the House of Representatives or Camara deRepresentantes (166 seats; members are elected by popular vote toserve four-year terms)elections: Senate - last held 10 March 2002 (next to be held March2006); House of Representatives - last held 10 March 2002 (next tobe held March 2006)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty - PL 28, PSC 13, independents and smaller parties (manyaligned with conservatives) 61; House of Representatives - percentof vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PL 54, PSC 21, independentsand other parties 91
Comorosunicameral Assembly of the Union (33 seats; 15 deputies areselected by the individual islands' local assemblies and the 18 byuniversal suffrage; deputies serve for five years);elections: last held 18 and 25 April 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)election results: NA
Congo, Democratic Republic of thea 300-member TransitionalConstituent Assembly established in August 2000elections: NA; members of the Transitional Constituent Assembly wereappointed by former President Laurent Desire KABILA
Congo, Republic of thebicameral Parliament consists of the Senate(66 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-yearterms) and the National Assembly (137 seats; members are elected bypopular vote to serve five-year terms)elections: Senate - last held 11 July 2002 (next to be held July2007); National Assembly - last held 27 May and 26 June 2002 (nextto be held by NA May 2007)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty - FDP 56, other 10; National Assembly - percent of vote byparty - NA%; seats by party - FDP 83, UDR 6, UPADS 3, other 45
Cook Islandsunicameral Parliament (25 seats; members elected bypopular vote to serve five-year terms)elections: last held 7 September 2004 (next to be held by 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -CIP 10, DAP 9, Demo Tumu 4, independent 1; note - one seat undecidedpending by-electionnote: the House of Ariki (chiefs) advises on traditional matters andmaintains considerable influence, but has no legislative powers
Costa Ricaunicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa(57 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to servefour-year terms)elections: last held 3 February 2002 (next to be held 3 February2006)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -PUSC 19, PLN 17, PAC 14, PML 6, PRC 1; note - seats by party as ofJanuary 2005 - PUSC 19, PLN 16, PAC 8, PML 5, PRC 1, Patriotic Union3, Homeland First 1, Authentic Member from Heredia 1, DemocraticNational Alliance 1, independent 2
Cote d'Ivoireunicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale(225 seats; members are elected in single- and multi-districtelections by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)elections: elections last held 10 December 2000 with by-elections on14 January 2001 (next to be held October 2005)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -FPI 96, PDCI-RDA 94, RDR 5, PIT 4, other 2, independents 22, vacant 2note: a Senate is scheduled to be created in the next full electionin 2005
Croatiaunicameral Assembly or Sabor (152 seats; note - one seat wasadded in the November 2003 parliamentary elections; members electedfrom party lists by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: Assembly - last held 23 November 2003 (next to be held in2007)election results: Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; numberof seats by party - HDZ 66, SDP 34, HSS 10, HNS 10, HSP 8, IDS 4,Libra 3, HSU 3, SDSS 3, other 11note: minority government coalition - HDZ, DC, HSLS, HSU, SDSS
Cubaunicameral National Assembly of People's Power or AsembleaNacional del Poder Popular (609 seats, elected directly from slatesapproved by special candidacy commissions; members serve five-yearterms)elections: last held 19 January 2003 (next to be held in NA 2008)election results: percent of vote - PCC 97.6%; seats - PCC 609
Cyprusunicameral - Republic of Cyprus: House of Representatives orVouli Antiprosopon (80 seats; 56 assigned to the Greek Cypriots, 24to Turkish Cypriots; note - only those assigned to Greek Cypriotsare filled; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-yearterms); north Cyprus: Assembly of the Republic or Cumhuriyet Meclisi(50 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-yearterms)elections: Republic of Cyprus: last held 27 May 2001 (next to beheld May 2006); north Cyprus: last held 14 December 2003 (next to beheld NA 2008)election results: Republic of Cyprus: House of Representatives -percent of vote by party - AKEL 34.71%, DISY 34%, DIKO 14.84%, KISOS6.51%, others 9.94%; seats by party - AKEL (Communist) 20, DISY 19,DIKO 9, KISOS 4, others 4; north Cyprus: Assembly of the Republic -percent of vote by party - CTP 35.8%, UBP 32.3%, Peace andDemocratic Movement 13.4%, DP 12.3%; seats by party - CTP 19, UBP18, Peace and Democratic Movement 6, DP 7
Czech Republicbicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of theSenate or Senat (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote toserve six-year terms; one-third elected every two years) and theChamber of Deputies or Poslanecka Snemovna (200 seats; members areelected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: Senate - last held in two rounds 5-6 November and 12-13November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); Chamber of Deputies -last held 14-15 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2006)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty - ODS 37, KDU-CSL 14, Open Democracy 13, CSSD 7, Caucus OpenDemocracy 7, independents 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of voteby party - CSSD 30.2%, ODS 24.5%, KSCM 18.5%, KDU-CSL & US-DEUcoalition 14.3%, other minor 12.5%; seats by party - CSSD 70, ODS57, KSCM 41, KDU-CSL 21, US-DEU 10, independent 1
Denmarkunicameral People's Assembly or Folketinget (179 seats,including 2 from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands; members areelected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representationto serve four-year terms)elections: last held 8 February 2005 (next to be held February 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - Liberal Party 29%,Social Democrats 25.9%, Danish People's Party 13.2%, ConservativeParty 10.3%, Social Liberal Party 9.2%, Socialist People's Party 6%,Unity List 3.4%; seats by party - Liberal Party 52, Social Democrats47, Danish People's Party 24, Conservative Party 18, Social LiberalParty 17, Socialist People's Party 11, Unity List 6; note - does notinclude the 2 seats from Greenland and the 2 seats from the FaroeIslands
Djiboutiunicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)elections: last held 10 January 2003 (next to be held January 2008)election results: percent of vote - RPP 62.2%, FRUD 36.9%; seats -RPP 65, FRUD 0; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election
Dominicaunicameral House of Assembly (30 seats, 9 appointedsenators, 21 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms)elections: last held 5 May 2005 (next to be held by 5 August 2010);note - tradition dictates that the election will be held within fiveyears of the last election, but technically it is five years fromthe first seating of parliament (12 May 2005) plus a 90-day graceperiodelection results: percent of vote by party - DLP 52.08%, UWP 43.6%,DFP 3.15%; seats by party - DLP 12, UWP 8, independent 1
Dominican Republicbicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacionalconsists of the Senate or Senado (32 seats; members are elected bypopular vote to serve four-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputiesor Camara de Diputados (150 seats; members are elected by popularvote to serve four-year terms)elections: Senate - last held 16 May 2002 (next to be held May2006); Chamber of Deputies - last held 16 May 2002 (next to be heldMay 2006)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty - PRD 29, PLD 2, PRSC 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of voteby party - NA%; seats by party - PRD 73, PLD 41, PRSC 36
East Timorunicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary,minimum requirement of 52 and a maximum of 65 seats; members electedby popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - for its first termof office, the National Parliament is comprised of 88 members on anexceptional basiselections: (next to be held August 2006); direct elections fornational parliament were never held; elected delegates to thenational convention named themselves legislators instead of havingelections; hence the exceptional numbers for this term of thenational parliament.election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 57.37%, PD8.72%, PSD 8.18%, ASDT 7.84%, UDT 2.36%, PNT 2.21%, KOTA 2.13%, PPT2.01%, PDC 1.98%, PST 1.78%, independents/other 5.42%; seats byparty - FRETILIN 55, PD 7, PSD 6, ASDT 6, PDC 2, UDT 2, KOTA 2, PNT2, PPT 2, UDC/PDC 1, PST 1, PL 1, independent 1
Ecuadorunicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (100seats; members are popularly elected by province to serve four-yearterms)elections: last held 20 October 2002 (next to be held October 2006)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -PSC 25, PRE 15, ID 16, PRIAN 10, PSP 9, Pachakutik Movement 6, MPD5, DP 4, PS-FA 3, independents 7; note - defections by members ofNational Congress are commonplace, resulting in frequent changes inthe numbers of seats held by the various parties
Egyptbicameral system consists of the People's Assembly or Majlisal-Sha'b (454 seats; 444 elected by popular vote, 10 appointed bythe president; members serve five-year terms) and the AdvisoryCouncil or Majlis al-Shura - which functions only in a consultativerole (264 seats; 176 elected by popular vote, 88 appointed by thepresident; members serve six-year terms; mid-term elections for halfthe members)elections: People's Assembly - three-phase voting - last held 19October, 29 October, 8 November 2000 (next to be heldOctober-November 2005); Advisory Council - last held May-June 2004(next to be held May-June 2007)election results: People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA;seats by party - NDP 388, Tagammu 6, NWP 7, Nasserists 3, Al-Ahrar1, independents 37 (2 seats determined by a later byelection, 10seats appointed by President); Advisory Council - percent of vote byparty - NA; seats by party - NA
El Salvadorunicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa(84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to servethree-year terms)elections: last held 16 March 2003 (next to be held March 2006)election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -FMLN 31, ARENA 28, PCN 15, PDC 5, CD 5
Equatorial Guineaunicameral House of People's Representatives orCamara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directlyelected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)elections: last held 25 April 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -PDGE 98, NA 2note: Parliament has little power since the constitution vests allexecutive authority in the president
Eritreaunicameral National Assembly (150 seats; term limits notestablished)elections: in May 1997, following the adoption of the newconstitution, 75 members of the PFDJ Central Committee (the oldCentral Committee of the EPLF), 60 members of the 527-memberConstituent Assembly, that had been established in 1997 to discussand ratify the new constitution, and 15 representatives of Eritreansliving abroad were formed into a Transitional National Assembly toserve as the country's legislative body until countrywide electionsto a National Assembly were held; although only 75 of 150 members ofthe Transitional National Assembly were elected, the constitutionstipulates that once past the transition stage, all members of theNational Assembly will be elected by secret ballot of all eligiblevoters; National Assembly elections scheduled for December 2001 werepostponed indefinitely
Estoniaunicameral Parliament or Riigikogu (101 seats; members areelected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: last held 2 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007)election results: percent of vote by party - Center Party 25.4%, ResPublica 24.6%, Reform Party 17.7%, Estonian People's Union 13%, ProPatria Union (Fatherland League) 7.3% People's Party Moodukad 7%;seats by party - Center Party 28, Res Publica 28, Reform Party 19,Estonian People's Union 13, Pro Patria Union 7, People's PartyMoodukad 6