Legislative branch:unicameral - Republic of Cyprus: House of Representatives or VouliAntiprosopon (80 seats; 56 assigned to the Greek Cypriots, 24 toTurkish Cypriots; note - only those assigned to Greek Cypriots arefilled; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-yearterms); north Cyprus: Assembly of the Republic or Cumhuriyet Meclisi(50 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-yearterms)elections: Republic of Cyprus: last held 27 May 2001 (next to beheld May 2006); north Cyprus: last held 14 December 2003 (next to beheld NA 2008)election results: Republic of Cyprus: House of Representatives -percent of vote by party - AKEL 34.71%, DISY 34%, DIKO 14.84%, KISOS6.51%, others 9.94%; seats by party - AKEL (Communist) 20, DISY 19,DIKO 9, KISOS 4, others 4; north Cyprus: Assembly of the Republic -percent of vote by party - CTP 35.8%, UBP 32.3%, Peace andDemocratic Movement 13.4%, DP 12.3%; seats by party - CTP 19, UBP18, Peace and Democratic Movement 6, DP 7
Judicial branch:Supreme Court (judges are appointed jointly by the president andvice president)note: there is also a Supreme Court in north Cyprus
Political parties and leaders:Republic of Cyprus: Democratic Party or DIKO [Tassos PAPADOPOULOS];Democratic Rally or DISY [Nikos ANASTASIADHIS]; Fighting DemocraticMovement or ADIK [Dinos MIKHAILIDIS]; Green Party of Cyprus [GeorgePERDIKIS]; New Horizons [Nikolaus KOUTSOU]; Restorative Party of theWorking People or AKEL (Communist Party) [Dimitrios CHRISTOFIAS];Social Democrats Movement or KISOS (formerly United Democratic Unionof Cyprus or EDEK) [Yiannakis OMIROU]; United Democrats Movement orEDE [George VASSILIOU]; north Cyprus: Democratic Party or DP [SerderDENKTASH]; National Birth Party or UDP [Enver EMIN]; National UnityParty or UBP [Dervis EROGLU]; Our Party or BP [Okyay SADIKOGLU];Patriotic Unity Movement or YBH [Alpay DURDURAN]; Peace andDemocratic Movement [Mustafa AKINCI]; Republican Turkish Party orCTP [Mehmet ALI TALAT]
Political pressure groups and leaders:Confederation of Cypriot Workers or SEK (pro-West); Confederationof Revolutionary Labor Unions or Dev-Is; Federation of TurkishCypriot Labor Unions or Turk-Sen; Pan-Cyprian Labor Federation orPEO (Communist controlled)
International organization participation:Australia Group, C, CE, EBRD, EIB, EU (new member), FAO, IAEA,IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO,Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW,OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU(observer affiliate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Euripides L. EVRIVIADES chancery: 2211 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 462-5772 FAX: [1] (202) 483-6710 consulate(s) general: New York note: representative of the Turkish Cypriot community in the US is Osman ERTUG; office at 1667 K Street NW, Washington, DC; telephone [1] (202) 887-6198
Diplomatic representation from the US:chief of mission: Ambassador Michael KLOSSONembassy: corner of Metochiou and Ploutarchou Streets, Engomi, 2407Nicosiamailing address: P. O. Box 24536, 1385 Nikosiatelephone: [357] (22) 393939FAX: [357] (22) 780944
Flag description:white with a copper-colored silhouette of the island (the nameCyprus is derived from the Greek word for copper) above two greencrossed olive branches in the center of the flag; the branchessymbolize the hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greekand Turkish communitiesnote: the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" flag has ahorizontal red stripe at the top and bottom between which is a redcrescent and red star on a white field
Economy Cyprus
Economy - overview:The Greek Cypriot economy is prosperous but highly susceptible toexternal shocks. The service sector, mainly tourism and financialservices, dominates the economy; erratic growth rates over the pastdecade reflect the economy's reliance on tourism, which oftenfluctuates with political instability in the region and economicconditions in Western Europe. Economic policy is focused on meetingthe criteria to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM2)within the next two years although sluggish tourism and poor fiscalmanagement have resulted in growing budget deficits since 2001. Asin the Turkish sector, water shortages are a perennial problem; afew desalination plants are now on-line. After 10 years of drought,the country received substantial rainfall from 2001-03, alleviatingimmediate concerns. The Turkish Cypriot economy has roughlyone-third of the per capita GDP of the south, and economic growthtends to be volatile, given north Cyprus's relative isolation,bloated public sector, reliance on the Turkish lira, and smallmarket size. The Turkish Cypriot economy grew 2.6% in 2004, fueledby growth in the construction and education sectors as well asincreased employment of Turkish Cypriots in the Republic of Cyprus.The Turkish Cypriots are heavily dependent on transfers from theTurkish government. Ankara provides around $300 million a yeardirectly into the "TRNC" budget and regularly provides additionalfinancing for large infrastructure projects. Agriculture andgovernment service, together employ almost half of the work force,and the potential for tourism is promising, especially with theeasing of border restrictions with the Greek Cypriots in April 2003.
GDP (purchasing power parity):Republic of Cyprus: purchasing power parity - $15.71 billion northCyprus: purchasing power parity - $4.54 billion (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:Republic of Cyprus: 3.2% north Cyprus: 2.6% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita:Republic of Cyprus: purchasing power parity - $20,300 (2004 est.);north Cyprus: purchasing power parity - $7,135 (2004 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:Republic of Cyprus: agriculture 4.1%; industry 19.9%; services 76%north Cyprus: agriculture 10.6%; industry 20.5%; services 68.9%(2004)
Labor force:Republic of Cyprus: 330,000, north Cyprus: 95,025 (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:Republic of Cyprus: agriculture 4.9%, industry 19.4%, services 75.6%north Cyprus: agriculture 15.1%, industry 27%, services 57.9% (2003est.)
Unemployment rate:Republic of Cyprus: 3.2%; north Cyprus: 5.6% (2004 est.)
Population below poverty line:NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:lowest 10%: NA%highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):Republic of Cyprus: 2.4% (2003 est.); north Cyprus: 12.6% (2003est.)
Investment (gross fixed):Republic of Cyprus: 17.9% of GDP (2004 est.)
Budget:revenues: Republic of Cyprus - $5.616 billion (2004 est.), northCyprus - $404.3 million (2003 est.)expenditures: Republic of Cyprus - $685.7 million, including capitalexpenditures of $685.7 million, north Cyprus - $775.7 million,including capital expenditures of $91.4 million (2004 est.)
Public debt:Republic of Cyprus: 74.9% of GDP (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products:citrus, vegetables, barley, grapes, olives, vegetables, poultry,pork, lamb, kids, dairy, cheese
Industries:tourism, food and beverage processing; cement and gypsumproduction; ship repair and refurbishment; textiles; lightchemicals; metal products; wood, paper, stone, and clay products
Industrial production growth rate:Republic of Cyprus: 0.4% (2002); north Cyprus: -0.3% (2002)
Electricity - production:4 billion kWh; north Cyprus: NA kWh (2003)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Electricity - consumption: Republic of Cyprus: 3.663 billion kWh (2003); north Cyprus: 602 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports:0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports:0 kWh (2002)
Oil - production:300 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - consumption:Republic of Cyprus: 49,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:NA
Oil - imports:NA
Current account balance:$-619.9 million (2004 est.)
Exports:Republic of Cyprus: $1.094 billion f.o.b. north Cyprus: $49.3million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities:Republic of Cyprus: citrus, potatoes, pharmaceuticals, cement,clothing and cigarettes; north Cyprus: citrus, potatoes, textiles
Exports - partners:UK 27.2%, Greece 11.9%, Germany 5%, UAE 4.8% (2004)
Imports:Republic of Cyprus: $5.258 billion f.o.b. north Cyprus: $415.2million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities:Republic of Cyprus: consumer goods, petroleum and lubricants,intermediate goods, machinery, transport equipment; north Cyprus:vehicles, fuel, cigarettes, food, minerals, chemicals, machinery
Imports - partners:Greece 15.2%, Italy 10.5%, Germany 8.9%, UK 8.6%, France 6.3%,Japan 4.7%, Israel 4.4%, China 4% (2004)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:Republic of Cyprus: $3.385 billionnorth Cyprus: $941.6 million (2004 est.)
Debt - external:Republic of Cyprus: $7.327 billion; north Cyprus: $NA (2004 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:Republic of Cyprus - $17 million (1998); north Cyprus - $700million from Turkey in grants and loans, which are usually forgiven(2003)
Currency (code):Greek Cypriot area: Cypriot pound (CYP); Turkish Cypriot area:Turkish lira (TRL)
Currency code:CYP; TRL
Exchange rates:Cypriot pounds per US dollar - 0.4686 (2004), 0.5174 (2003), 0.6107(2002), 0.6431 (2001), 0.6224 (2000), Turkish lira per US dollar1.426 million (2004), 1.501 million (2003), 1.507 million (2002),1.226 million (2001), 625,200 (2000)
Fiscal year:calendar year
Communications Cyprus
Telephones - main lines in use:Republic of Cyprus: 427,400 (2002); north Cyprus: 86,228 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular:Republic of Cyprus: 417,900 (2002); north Cyprus: 143,178 (2002)
Telephone system:general assessment: excellent in both Republic of Cyprus and northCyprus areasdomestic: open-wire, fiber-optic cable, and microwave radio relayinternational: country code - 357; tropospheric scatter; 3 coaxialand 5 fiber-optic submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean), 2 Eutelsat, 2Intersputnik, and 1 Arabsat
Radio broadcast stations:Republic of Cyprus: AM 7, FM 60, shortwave 1 (1998); north Cyprus:AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios:Greek Cypriot area: 310,000 (1997); Turkish Cypriot area: 56,450(1994)
Television broadcast stations:Republic of Cyprus: 4 (plus 225 low-power repeaters) (September1995); north Cyprus: 4 (plus 5 repeaters) (September 1995)
Televisions:Greek Cypriot area: 248,000 (1997); Turkish Cypriot area: 52,300(1994)
Internet country code:.cy
Internet hosts:5,901 (2004)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):6 (2000)
Internet users:210,000 (2002)
Transportation Cyprus
Highways:total: 13,943 km (Republic of Cyprus: 11,593 km; north Cyprus:2,350 km)paved: Republic of Cyprus: 7,211 km; north Cyprus: 1,370 kmunpaved: Republic of Cyprus: 4,382 km; north Cyprus: 980 km(2002/1996 est.)
Ports and harbors:Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Vasilikos
Merchant marine:total: 972 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 22,016,374 GRT/35,760,004 DWTby type: bulk carrier 384, cargo 248, chemical tanker 45, container125, liquefied gas 4, passenger 8, passenger/cargo 19, petroleumtanker 103, refrigerated cargo 19, roll on/roll off 12, vehiclecarrier 5foreign-owned: 899 (Austria 2, Belgium 1, Canada 10, China 8,Croatia 3, Cuba 5, Egypt 1, Estonia 3, France 1, Germany 236, Greece396, Hong Kong 2, India 2, Iran 2, Israel 3, Japan 18, Latvia 7,Monaco 1, Netherlands 12, Norway 14, Philippines 1, Poland 20,Portugal 2, Russia 56, Singapore 2, Slovenia 4, South Korea 1, Spain4, Sweden 6, Switzerland 4, Syria 2, Ukraine 3, UAE 11, UnitedKingdom 24, United States 31, Vietnam 1)registered in other countries: 54 (2005)
Airports:17 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 13 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:total: 4914 to 1,523 m: 2under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Heliports:10 (2004 est.)
Military Cyprus
Military branches:Republic of Cyprus: Greek Cypriot National Guard (GCNG; includesair and naval elements)north Cyprus: Turkish Cypriot Security Force (GKK)
Military service age and obligation:18 years of age (2004)
Manpower available for military service:males age 18-49: 184,352 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:males age 18-49: 150,750 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military service age annually:males: 6,578 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:$384 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:3.8% (FY02)
Transnational Issues Cyprus
Disputes - international:hostilities in 1974 divided the island into two de facto autonomousentities, the internationally recognized Cypriot Government and aTurkish-Cypriot community (north Cyprus); the 1,000-strong UNPeacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) has served in Cyprus since1964 and maintains the buffer zone between north and south; March2003 reunification talks failed, but Turkish-Cypriots later openedtheir borders to temporary visits by Greek Cypriots; on 24 April2004, the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities voted insimultaneous and parallel referenda on whether to approve theUN-brokered Annan Plan that would have ended the thirty-yeardivision of the island by establishing a new "United CyprusRepublic," a majority of Greek Cypriots voted "no"; on 1 May 2004,Cyprus entered the European Union still divided, with the EU's bodyof legislation and standards (acquis communitaire) suspended in thenorth
Refugees and internally displaced persons:IDPs: 265,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced forover 30 years) (2004)
Illicit drugs:minor transit point for heroin and hashish via air routes andcontainer traffic to Europe, especially from Lebanon and Turkey;some cocaine transits as well; despite a strengthening ofanti-money-laundering legislation, remains highly vulnerable tomoney laundering; identification of benefiting owners and reportingof suspicious transactions by nonresident-controlled companies inoffshore sector remains weak
This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005
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@Czech Republic
Introduction Czech Republic
Background:Following the First World War, the closely related Czechs andSlovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to formCzechoslovakia. During the interwar years, the new country's leaderswere frequently preoccupied with meeting the demands of other ethnicminorities within the republic, most notably the Sudeten Germans andthe Ruthenians (Ukrainians). After World War II, a truncatedCzechoslovakia fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968,an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country'sleaders to liberalize Communist party rule and create "socialismwith a human face." Anti-Soviet demonstrations the following yearushered in a period of harsh repression. With the collapse of Sovietauthority in 1989, Czechoslovakia regained its freedom through apeaceful "Velvet Revolution." On 1 January 1993, the countryunderwent a "velvet divorce" into its two national components, theCzech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999and the European Union in 2004.
Geography Czech Republic
Location:Central Europe, southeast of Germany
Geographic coordinates:49 45 N, 15 30 E
Map references:Europe
Area:total: 78,866 sq kmland: 77,276 sq kmwater: 1,590 sq km
Area - comparative:slightly smaller than South Carolina
Land boundaries:total: 1,881 kmborder countries: Austria 362 km, Germany 646 km, Poland 658 km,Slovakia 215 km
Coastline:0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:none (landlocked)
Climate:temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
Terrain:Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaussurrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of veryhilly country
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Elbe River 115 m highest point: Snezka 1,602 m
Natural resources: hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber
Land use: arable land: 39.8% permanent crops: 3.05% other: 57.15% (2001)
Irrigated land:240 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:flooding
Environment - current issues: air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution
Environment - international agreements:party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, AirPollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85,Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds,Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-KyotoProtocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, EnvironmentalModification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone LayerProtection, Ship Pollution, Wetlandssigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and mostsignificant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditionalmilitary corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube incentral Europe
People Czech Republic
Population:10,241,138 (July 2005 est.)
Age structure:0-14 years: 14.7% (male 773,028/female 731,833)15-64 years: 71.1% (male 3,651,018/female 3,627,006)65 years and over: 14.2% (male 565,374/female 892,879) (2005 est.)
Median age:total: 38.97 yearsmale: 37.2 yearsfemale: 40.82 years (2005 est.)
Population growth rate:-0.05% (2005 est.)
Birth rate:9.07 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Death rate:10.54 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Net migration rate:0.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Sex ratio:at birth: 1.06 male(s)/femaleunder 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Infant mortality rate:total: 3.93 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 4.28 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 3.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:total population: 76.02 yearsmale: 72.74 yearsfemale: 79.49 years (2005 est.)
Total fertility rate:1.2 children born/woman (2005 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:2,500 (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:less than 10 (2001 est.)
Nationality:noun: Czech(s)adjective: Czech
Ethnic groups:Czech 90.4%, Moravian 3.7%, Slovak 1.9%, other 4% (2001 census)
Religions:Roman Catholic 26.8%, Protestant 2.1%, other 3.3%, unspecified8.8%, unaffiliated 59% (2001 census)
Languages:Czech
Literacy:definition: NAtotal population: 99.9% (1999 est.)male: NA%female: NA%
Government Czech Republic
Country name:conventional long form: Czech Republicconventional short form: Czech Republiclocal long form: Ceska Republikalocal short form: Ceska Republika
Government type:parliamentary democracy
Capital:Prague
Administrative divisions:13 regions (kraje, singular - kraj) and 1 capital city* (hlavnimesto); Jihocesky Kraj, Jihomoravsky Kraj, Karlovarsky Kraj,Kralovehradecky Kraj, Liberecky Kraj, Moravskoslezsky Kraj,Olomoucky Kraj, Pardubicky Kraj, Plzensky Kraj, Praha (Prague)*,Stredocesky Kraj, Ustecky Kraj, Vysocina, Zlinsky Kraj
Independence:1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic andSlovakia)
National holiday:Czech Founding Day, 28 October (1918)
Constitution:ratified 16 December 1992, effective 1 January 1993
Legal system:civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not acceptedcompulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to bring it in linewith Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)obligations and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory
Suffrage:18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped downfrom office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years;parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after twoinconclusive elections in January 2003head of government: Prime Minister Jiri PAROUBEK (since 25 April2005), Deputy Prime Ministers Zdenek SKROMACH (since 4 August 2004),Martin JAHN (since 4 August 2004), Pavel NEMEC (since 4 August2004), Milan SIMONOVSKY (since 4 August 2004)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation ofthe prime ministerelections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlierelections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; nextelection to be held January 2008); prime minister appointed by thepresidentelection results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round;combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Legislative branch:bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat(81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-yearterms; one-third elected every two years) and the Chamber ofDeputies or Poslanecka Snemovna (200 seats; members are elected bypopular vote to serve four-year terms)elections: Senate - last held in two rounds 5-6 November and 12-13November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); Chamber of Deputies -last held 14-15 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2006)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats byparty - ODS 37, KDU-CSL 14, Open Democracy 13, CSSD 7, Caucus OpenDemocracy 7, independents 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of voteby party - CSSD 30.2%, ODS 24.5%, KSCM 18.5%, KDU-CSL & US-DEUcoalition 14.3%, other minor 12.5%; seats by party - CSSD 70, ODS57, KSCM 41, KDU-CSL 21, US-DEU 10, independent 1
Judicial branch:Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; chairman and deputy chairmenare appointed by the president for a 10-year term
Political parties and leaders:Caucus SNK [Josef ZOSER]; Christian and DemocraticUnion-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Miroslav KALOUSEK,chairman]; Civic Democratic Alliance or ODA [Jirina NOVAKOVA,chairman]; Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Mirek TOPOLANEK,chairman]; Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [MiroslavGREBENICEK, chairman]; Communist Party of Czechoslovakia or KSC[Miroslav STEPAN, chairman]; Czech National Social Party of CSNS[Jaroslav ROVNY, chairman]; Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD[Stanislav GROSS, acting chairman]; European Democrats [Jan KASL];Freedom Union-Democratic Union or US-DEU [Hana Marvanova,chairwoman]; Open Democracy [Sona PAUKRTOVA, chairwoman]
Political pressure groups and leaders:Bohemian and Moravian Trade Union Confederation [Milan STECH]
International organization participation:ACCT (observer), Australia Group, BIS, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD,EIB, EU (new member), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory),ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD,OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMEE,UNMIK, UNMIL, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU (member affiliate), WFTU,WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:chief of mission: Ambassador Martin PALOUSchancery: 3900 Spring of Freedom Street NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 274-9100FAX: [1] (202) 966-8540consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:chief of mission: Ambassador William J. CABANISSembassy: Trziste 15, 11801 Prague 1mailing address: use embassy street addresstelephone: [420] (2) 5753-0663FAX: [420] (2) 5753-0583
Flag description:two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blueisosceles triangle based on the hoist side (identical to the flag ofthe former Czechoslovakia)
Economy Czech Republic
Economy - overview:The Czech Republic is one of the most stable and prosperous of thepost-Communist states of Central and Eastern Europe. Growth in2000-04 was supported by exports to the EU, primarily to Germany,and a strong recovery of foreign and domestic investment. Domesticdemand is playing an ever more important role in underpinning growthas interest rates drop and the availability of credit cards andmortgages increases. Current account deficits of around 5% of GDPare beginning to decline as demand for Czech products in theEuropean Union increases. Inflation is under control. Recentaccession to the EU gives further impetus and direction tostructural reform. In early 2004 the government passed increases inthe Value Added Tax (VAT) and tightened eligibility for socialbenefits with the intention to bring the public finance gap down to4% of GDP by 2006, but more difficult pension and healthcare reformswill have to wait until after the next elections. Privatization ofthe state-owned telecommunications firm Cesky Telecom is scheduledto take place in 2005. Intensified restructuring among largeenterprises, improvements in the financial sector, and effective useof available EU funds should strengthen output growth.
GDP (purchasing power parity):$172.2 billion (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:3.7% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita:purchasing power parity - $16,800 (2004 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 3.4% industry: 39.3% services: 57.3% (2004 est.)
Labor force:5.25 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:agriculture 4%, industry 38%, services 58% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate:10.6% (2004 est.)
Population below poverty line:NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 4.3% highest 10%: 22.4% (1996)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:25.4 (1996)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):3.2% (2004 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):29% of GDP (2004 est.)
Budget:revenues: $39.31 billionexpenditures: $45.8 billion, including capital expenditures of NA(2004 est.)
Public debt:33.5% of GDP (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products:wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, poultry
Industries:metallurgy, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, glass,armaments
Industrial production growth rate:4.7% (2004 est.)
Electricity - production:71.75 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 76.1% hydro: 2.9% nuclear: 20% other: 1% (2001)
Electricity - consumption:55.33 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports:20.9 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports:9.5 billion kWh (2002)
Oil - production:7,419 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:175,700 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:26,670 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - imports:192,300 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - proved reserves:17.25 million bbl (1 January 2002)
Natural gas - production:160 million cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:9.892 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - exports:1 million cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - imports:9.521 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:3.057 billion cu m (1 January 2002)
Current account balance:$-5.73 billion (2004 est.)
Exports:$66.51 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities:machinery and transport equipment 52%, chemicals 5%, raw materialsand fuel 9% (2003)
Exports - partners:Germany 36.1%, Slovakia 8.4%, Austria 6%, Poland 5.3%, UK 4.7%,France 4.7%, Italy 4.3%, Netherlands 4.3% (2004)
Imports:$68.19 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities:machinery and transport equipment 46%, raw materials and fuels 15%,chemicals 10% (2003)
Imports - partners:Germany 31.7%, Slovakia 5.4%, Italy 5.3%, China 5.2%, Poland 4.8%,France 4.8%, Russia 4.1% (2004)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:$32.78 billion (2004 est.)
Debt - external:$36.28 billion (2004 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:$2.4 billion in available EU structural adjustment and cohesionfunds (2004-06)
Currency (code):Czech koruna (CZK)
Currency code:CZK
Exchange rates:koruny per US dollar - 25.7 (2004), 28.209 (2003), 32.739 (2002),38.035 (2001), 38.598 (2000)
Fiscal year:calendar year
Communications Czech Republic
Telephones - main lines in use:3.626 million (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular:9,708,700 (2003)
Telephone system:general assessment: privatization and modernization of the Czechtelecommunication system got a late start but is advancing steadily;growth in the use of mobile cellular telephones is particularlyvigorousdomestic: 86% of exchanges now digital; existing copper subscribersystems now being enhanced with Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line(ADSL) equipment to accommodate Internet and other digital signals;trunk systems include fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relayinternational: country code - 420; satellite earth stations - 2Intersputnik (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), 1 Intelsat, 1Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat, 1 Globalstar
Radio broadcast stations:AM 31, FM 304, shortwave 17 (2000)
Radios:3,159,134 (December 2000)
Television broadcast stations:150 (plus 1,434 repeaters) (2000)
Televisions:3,405,834 (December 2000)
Internet country code:.cz
Internet hosts:295,677 (2004)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):more than 300 (2000)
Internet users:2.7 million (2003)
Transportation Czech Republic
Railways:total: 9,543 kmstandard gauge: 9,421 km 1.435-m gauge (2,893 km electrified)narrow gauge: 122 km 0.760-m gauge (23 km electrified) (2004)
Highways:total: 127,204 kmpaved: 127,204 km (including 518 km of expressways)unpaved: 0 km (2002)
Waterways:664 km (on Elbe, Vltava, and Oder rivers) (2004)
Pipelines:gas 7,020 km; oil 547 km; refined products 94 km (2004)
Ports and harbors:Decin, Prague, Usti nad Labem
Merchant marine:registered in other countries: 3
Airports:120 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 44 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 9 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 17 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 76 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 27 under 914 m: 48 (2004 est.)
Heliports: 2 (2004 est.)
Military Czech Republic
Military branches:Army of the Czech Republic (ACR): Joint Forces Command, Support andTraining Forces Command (2005)
Military service age and obligation: 18-50 years of age for voluntary military service; military service transformed into a fully professional, all-volunteer force no longer dependent on conscription beginning in January 2004 (2005)
Manpower available for military service:males age 18-49: 2,414,728 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:males age 18-49: 1,996,631 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military service age annually:males: 66,583 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:$2.17 billion (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:2.02% (2004)
Transnational Issues Czech Republic
Disputes - international:in February 2005, the ICJ refused to rule on the restitution ofLiechtenstein's land and property assets in the Czech Republicconfiscated in 1945 as German property; individual Sudeten Germansseek restitution for property confiscated in connection with theirexpulsion after World War II
Illicit drugs:transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and minor transitpoint for Latin American cocaine to Western Europe; producer ofsynthetic drugs for local and regional markets; susceptible to moneylaundering related to drug trafficking, organized crime
This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005
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@Denmark
Introduction Denmark
Background:Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north Europeanpower, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that isparticipating in the general political and economic integration ofEurope. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973.However, the country has opted out of certain elements of theEuropean Union's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economicand Monetary Union (EMU), European defense cooperation, and issuesconcerning certain justice and home affairs.
Geography Denmark
Location:Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on apeninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes two majorislands (Sjaelland and Fyn)
Geographic coordinates:56 00 N, 10 00 E
Map references:Europe
Area:total: 43,094 sq kmland: 42,394 sq kmwater: 700 sq kmnote: includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the restof metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the majorislands of Sjaelland and Fyn), but excludes the Faroe Islands andGreenland
Area - comparative:slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts
Land boundaries: total: 68 km border countries: Germany 68 km
Coastline: 7,314 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Climate:temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers
Terrain:low and flat to gently rolling plains
Elevation extremes:lowest point: Lammefjord -7 mhighest point: Yding Skovhoej 173 m
Natural resources:petroleum, natural gas, fish, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, graveland sand
Land use: arable land: 54.02% permanent crops: 0.19% other: 45.79% (2001)
Irrigated land:4,760 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts ofJutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that areprotected from the sea by a system of dikes
Environment - current issues:air pollution, principally from vehicle and power plant emissions;nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the North Sea; drinking andsurface water becoming polluted from animal wastes and pesticides
Environment - international agreements:party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, AirPollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85,Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds,Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-KyotoProtocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, EnvironmentalModification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping,Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:controls Danish Straits (Skagerrak and Kattegat) linking Baltic andNorth Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives in greaterCopenhagen
People Denmark
Population:5,432,335 (July 2005 est.)
Age structure:0-14 years: 18.8% (male 524,250/female 497,683)15-64 years: 66.1% (male 1,811,787/female 1,780,907)65 years and over: 15.1% (male 349,458/female 468,250) (2005 est.)
Median age:total: 39.47 yearsmale: 38.55 yearsfemale: 40.4 years (2005 est.)
Population growth rate:0.34% (2005 est.)
Birth rate:11.36 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Death rate:10.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Net migration rate:2.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Sex ratio:at birth: 1.06 male(s)/femaleunder 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Infant mortality rate:total: 4.56 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 4.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:total population: 77.62 yearsmale: 75.34 yearsfemale: 80.03 years (2005 est.)
Total fertility rate:1.74 children born/woman (2005 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:0.2% (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:5,000 (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:less than 100 (2003 est.)
Nationality:noun: Dane(s)adjective: Danish
Ethnic groups:Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali
Religions:Evangelical Lutheran 95%, other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%,Muslim 2%
Languages:Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (smallminority)note: English is the predominant second language
Literacy:definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 100%male: 100%female: 100%
Government Denmark
Country name:conventional long form: Kingdom of Denmarkconventional short form: Denmarklocal long form: Kongeriget Danmarklocal short form: Danmark
Government type:constitutional monarchy
Capital:Copenhagen
Administrative divisions:metropolitan Denmark - 14 counties (amter, singular - amt) and 2boroughs* (amtskommuner, singular - amtskommune); Arhus, Bornholm,Frederiksberg*, Frederiksborg, Fyn, Kobenhavn, Kobenhavn(Copenhagen)*, Nordjylland, Ribe, Ringkobing, Roskilde,Sonderjylland, Storstrom, Vejle, Vestsjalland, Viborgnote: since 2005 Bornholm may have become a borough; in the futurethe counties may be replaced by regions; see separate entries forthe Faroe Islands and Greenland, which are part of the Kingdom ofDenmark and are self-governing overseas administrative divisions
Independence:first organized as a unified state in 10th century; in 1849 becamea constitutional monarchy
National holiday:none designated; Constitution Day, 5 June (1849) is generallyviewed as the National Day
Constitution:5 June 1849 adoption of original constitution; a major overhaul of5 June 1953 allowed for a unicameral legislature and a female chiefof state
Legal system:civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; acceptscompulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Suffrage:18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January 1972); HeirApparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born 26May 1968)head of government: Prime Minister Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN (since 27November 2001)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved byparliamentelections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following legislativeelections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of themajority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch
Legislative branch:unicameral People's Assembly or Folketinget (179 seats, including 2from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands; members are elected bypopular vote on the basis of proportional representation to servefour-year terms)elections: last held 8 February 2005 (next to be held February 2009)election results: percent of vote by party - Liberal Party 29%,Social Democrats 25.9%, Danish People's Party 13.2%, ConservativeParty 10.3%, Social Liberal Party 9.2%, Socialist People's Party 6%,Unity List 3.4%; seats by party - Liberal Party 52, Social Democrats47, Danish People's Party 24, Conservative Party 18, Social LiberalParty 17, Socialist People's Party 11, Unity List 6; note - does notinclude the 2 seats from Greenland and the 2 seats from the FaroeIslands
Judicial branch:Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch for life)
Political parties and leaders:Center Democratic Party [Mimi JAKOBSEN]; Christian Democrats (wasChristian People's Party) [Marianne KARLSMOSE]; Conservative Party(sometimes known as Conservative People's Party) [Bendt BENDTSEN];Danish People's Party [Pia KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders FoghRASMUSSEN]; Social Democratic Party [Helle THORNING-SCHMIDT]; SocialLiberal Party (sometimes called the Radical Left) [Marianne JELVED,leader; Soren BALD, chairman]; Socialist People's Party [VillySOEVNDAL]; Red-Green Unity List (bloc includes Left Socialist Party,Communist Party of Denmark, Socialist Workers' Party) [collectiveleadership]
Political pressure groups and leaders:NA
International organization participation:AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB,ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM,IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM,ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer),OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UN Security Council(temporary), UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK,UNMIL, UNMISET, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer),WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Friis PETERSEN chancery: 3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4300 FAX: [1] (202) 328-1470 consulate(s) general: Chicago and New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Sally M.LIGHTembassy: Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagenmailing address: PSC 73, APO AE 09716telephone: [45] 35 55 31 44FAX: [45] 35 43 02 23
Flag description:red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the flag; thevertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side, and thatdesign element of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) was subsequentlyadopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway,and Sweden
Economy Denmark
Economy - overview:This thoroughly modern market economy features high-techagriculture, up-to-date small-scale and corporate industry,extensive government welfare measures, comfortable living standards,a stable currency, and high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark isa net exporter of food and energy and enjoys a comfortable balanceof payments surplus. Government objectives include streamlining thebureaucracy and further privatization of state assets. Thegovernment has been successful in meeting, and even exceeding, theeconomic convergence criteria for participating in the third phase(a common European currency) of the European Economic and MonetaryUnion (EMU), but Denmark has decided not to join 12 other EU membersin the euro; even so, the Danish krone remains pegged to the euro.Growth in 2004 was sluggish, yet above the scanty 0.3% of 2003.Because of high GDP per capita, welfare benefits, a low Gini index,and political stability, the Danish people enjoy living standardstopped by no other nation. A major long-term issue will be the sharpdecline in the ratio of workers to retirees.
GDP (purchasing power parity):$174.4 billion (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:2.1% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita:purchasing power parity - $32,200 (2004 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 2.2% industry: 25.5% services: 72.3% (2004 est.)
Labor force:2.87 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:agriculture 4%, industry 17%, services 79% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate:6.2% (2004 est.)
Population below poverty line:NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share:lowest 10%: 2%highest 10%: 24% (2000 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:24.7 (1992)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):1.4% (2004 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):19.8% of GDP (2004 est.)
Budget:revenues: $136.1 billionexpenditures: $133.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $500million (2004 est.)
Public debt:42.5% of GDP (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products:barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish
Industries:iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing,machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing,electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products,shipbuilding and refurbishment, windmills
Industrial production growth rate:1.7% (2004 est.)
Electricity - production:36.38 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 82.7% hydro: 0.1% nuclear: 0% other: 17.3% (2001)
Electricity - consumption:31.63 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports:11.1 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports:8.9 billion kWh (2002)
Oil - production:346,200 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:218,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:332,100 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - imports:195,000 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - proved reserves:1.23 billion bbl (1 January 2002)
Natural gas - production:8.38 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:5.28 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - exports:3.1 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - imports:0 cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:81.98 billion cu m (1 January 2002)
Current account balance:$6.529 billion (2004 est.)
Exports:$73.06 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities:machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products,fish, chemicals, furniture, ships, windmills
Exports - partners:Germany 18%, Sweden 13.2%, UK 8.7%, US 5.8%, Netherlands 5.5%,Norway 5.4%, France 5% (2004)
Imports:$63.45 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities:machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures forindustry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods
Imports - partners:Germany 22.3%, Sweden 13.5%, Netherlands 6.8%, UK 6.1%, France4.5%, Norway 4.5%, Italy 4.1%, China 4% (2004)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:$37.98 billion (2003)
Debt - external:$21.7 billion (2000)
Economic aid - donor:ODA, $1.63 billion (1999)
Currency (code):Danish krone (DKK)
Currency code:DKK
Exchange rates:Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947(2002), 8.3228 (2001), 8.0831 (2000)
Fiscal year:calendar year
Communications Denmark
Telephones - main lines in use:3,610,100 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular:4,785,300 (2003)
Telephone system:general assessment: excellent telephone and telegraph servicesdomestic: buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay formtrunk network, 4 cellular mobile communications systemsinternational: country code - 45; 18 submarine fiber-optic cableslinking Denmark with Canada, Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland,Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and UK; satellite earthstations - 6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat(Blaavand-Atlantic-East); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark,Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth stationand the Eik, Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (1997)
Radio broadcast stations:AM 2, FM 355, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios:6.02 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations:26 (plus 51 repeaters) (1998)
Televisions:3.121 million (1997)
Internet country code:.dk
Internet hosts:1,219,925 (2004)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):13 (2000)
Internet users:2.756 million (2002)
Transportation Denmark
Railways: total: 2,628 km standard gauge: 2,628 km 1.435-m gauge (595 km electrified) (2004)
Highways:total: 71,847 kmpaved: 71,847 km (including 918 km of expressways)unpaved: 0 km (2002)
Waterways:417 km (2001)
Pipelines:condensate 12 km; gas 3,892 km; oil 455 km; oil/gas/water 2 km;unknown (oil/water) 64 km (2004)
Ports and harbors:Aalborg, Aarhus, Asnaesvaerkets, Copenhagen, Elsinore, Ensted,Esbjerg, Fredericia, Frederikshavn, Graasten, Kalundborg, Odense,Roenne
Merchant marine:total: 287 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,952,473 GRT/9,030,444 DWTby type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 67, chemical tanker 40, container 79,liquefied gas 10, livestock carrier 2, passenger 1, passenger/cargo42, petroleum tanker 25, refrigerated cargo 7, roll on/roll off 8,specialized tanker 4foreign-owned: 23 (Bahamas 14, France 1, Greece 1, Greenland 1,Norway 2, Sweden 2, UAE 1, Vietnam 1)registered in other countries: 487 (2005)
Airports:97 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 28 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 69 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 63 (2004 est.)
Military Denmark
Military branches:Royal Danish Army, Royal Danish Navy, Royal Danish Air Force, HomeGuard (Hjemmevaernet)
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for compulsory and volunteer military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service (2004)
Manpower available for military service:males age 18-49: 1,175,108 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:males age 18-49: 955,168 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military service age annually:males: 31,317 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:$3,271.6 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:1.5% (2004)
Transnational Issues Denmark
Disputes - international:Iceland disputes the Faroe Islands' fisheries median line; Iceland,the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands'continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Faroese continue to studyproposals for full independence; uncontested sovereignty disputewith Canada over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel betweenEllesmere Island and Greenland
This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005
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