HondurasSupreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (15judges are elected for seven-year terms by the National Congress)
Hong KongCourt of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong SpecialAdministrative Region
HungaryConstitutional Court (judges are elected by the NationalAssembly for nine-year terms)
IcelandSupreme Court or Haestirettur (justices are appointed forlife by the Minister of Justice); eight district courts (justicesare appointed for life by the Minister of Justice)
IndiaSupreme Court (one chief justice and 25 associate justices areappointed by the president and remain in office until they reach theage of 65 or are removed for "proved misbehavior")
IndonesiaSupreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by thepresident from a list of candidates selected by the legislature); aseparate Constitutional Court or Mahkamah Konstitusi was invested bythe president on 16 August 2003; in March 2004 the Supreme Courtassumed administrative and financial responsibility for the lowercourt system from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights; LaborCourt under supervision of Supreme Court began functioning inJanuary 2006
IranThe Supreme Court (Qeveh Qazaieh) and the four-member HighCouncil of the Judiciary have a single head and overlappingresponsibilities; together they supervise the enforcement of alllaws and establish judicial and legal policies; lower courts includea special clerical court, a revolutionary court, and a specialadministrative court
Iraqthe Iraq Constitution calls for the federal judicial power tobe comprised of the Higher Juridical Council, Federal Supreme Court,Federal Court of Cassation, Public Prosecution Department, JudiciaryOversight Commission and other federal courts that are regulated inaccordance with the law
IrelandSupreme Court (judges appointed by the president on theadvice of the prime minister and cabinet)
Isle of ManHigh Court of Justice (justices are appointed by theLord Chancellor of England on the nomination of the lieutenantgovernor)
IsraelSupreme Court (justices appointed by Judicial SelectionCommittee - made up of all three branches of the government;mandatory retirement age is 70)
ItalyConstitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale (composed of 15judges: one-third appointed by the president, one-third elected byparliament, one-third elected by the ordinary and administrativeSupreme Courts)
JamaicaSupreme Court (judges appointed by the governor general onthe advice of the prime minister); Court of Appeal
JapanSupreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the monarch afterdesignation by the cabinet; all other justices are appointed by thecabinet)
JerseyRoyal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and thebailiff)
JordanCourt of Cassation; Supreme Court (court of final appeal)
KazakhstanSupreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (7members)
KenyaCourt of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president);High Court
KiribatiCourt of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judgesat all levels are appointed by the president
Korea, NorthCentral Court (judges are elected by the SupremePeople's Assembly)
Korea, SouthSupreme Court (justices appointed by the president withconsent of National Assembly); Constitutional Court (justicesappointed by the president based partly on nominations by NationalAssembly and Chief Justice of the court)
KosovoSupreme Court judges are appointed by the SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-General (SRSG); district courtsjudges are appointed by the SRSG; municipal courts judges areappointed by the SRSGnote: after the termination of UNMIK's mandate, the Kosovo JudicialCouncil (KJC) will propose to the president candidates forappointment or reappointment as judges and prosecutors; the KJC isalso responsible for decisions on the promotion and transfer ofjudges and disciplinary proceedings against judges; at least 15% ofSupreme Court and district court judges shall be from nonmajoritycommunities
KuwaitHigh Court of Appeal
KyrgyzstanSupreme Court; Constitutional Court (judges of both theSupreme and Constitutional Courts are appointed for 10-year terms bythe Jorgorku Kengesh on the recommendation of the president; theirmandatory retirement age is 70 years); Higher Court of Arbitration;Local Courts (judges appointed by the president on therecommendation of the National Council on Legal Affairs for aprobationary period of five years, then 10 years)
LaosPeople's Supreme Court (the president of the People's SupremeCourt is elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation ofthe National Assembly Standing Committee; the vice president of thePeople's Supreme Court and the judges are appointed by the NationalAssembly Standing Committee)
LatviaSupreme Court (judges' appointments are confirmed byParliament); Constitutional Court (judges' appointments areconfirmed by Parliament)
Lebanonfour Courts of Cassation (three courts for civil andcommercial cases and one court for criminal cases); ConstitutionalCouncil (called for in Ta'if Accord - rules on constitutionality oflaws); Supreme Council (hears charges against the president andprime minister as needed)
LesothoHigh Court (chief justice appointed by the monarch acting onthe advice of the Prime Minister); Court of Appeal; MagistrateCourts; customary or traditional court
LiberiaSupreme Court
LibyaSupreme Court
LiechtensteinSupreme Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Court of Appealor Obergericht
LithuaniaConstitutional Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal;judges for all courts appointed by the president
Luxembourgjudicial courts and tribunals (3 Justices of the Peace, 2district courts, and 1 Supreme Court of Appeals); administrativecourts and tribunals (State Prosecutor's Office, administrativecourts and tribunals, and the Constitutional Court); judges for allcourts are appointed for life by the monarch
MacauCourt of Final Appeal in Macau Special Administrative Region
MacedoniaSupreme Court - the Assembly appoints the judges;Constitutional Court - the Assembly appoints the judges; RepublicanJudicial Council - the Assembly appoints the judges
MadagascarSupreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Courtor Haute Cour Constitutionnelle
MalawiSupreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointedby the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of theJudicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts
MalaysiaCivil Courts include Federal Court, Court of Appeal, HighCourt of Malaya on peninsula Malaysia, and High Court of Sabah andSarawak in states of Borneo (judges appointed by the paramount ruleron the advice of the prime minister); Sharia Courts include ShariaAppeal Court, Sharia High Court, and Sharia Subordinate Courts atstate-level and deal with religious and family matters such ascustody, divorce, and inheritance, only for Muslims; decisions ofSharia courts cannot be appealed to civil courts
MaldivesSupreme Court; Supreme Court judges are appointed by thePresident with approval of voting members of the People's Council;High Court; Trial Courts; all lower court judges are appointed bythe Judicial Service Commission
MaliSupreme Court or Cour Supreme
MaltaConstitutional Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courtsare appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister
Marshall IslandsSupreme Court; High Court; Traditional Rights Court
MauritaniaSupreme Court or Cour Supreme; Court of Appeals; lowercourts
MauritiusSupreme Court
MayotteSupreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
MexicoSupreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia de laNacion (justices or ministros are appointed by the president withconsent of the Senate)
Micronesia, Federated States ofSupreme Court
MoldovaSupreme Court; Constitutional Court (the sole authority forconstitutional judicature)
MonacoSupreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by themonarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
MongoliaSupreme Court (serves as appeals court for people's andprovincial courts but rarely overturns verdicts of lower courts;judges are nominated by the General Council of Courts and approvedby the president)
MontenegroConstitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms);Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)
MontserratEastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia,one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands andpresides over the High Court)
MoroccoSupreme Court (judges are appointed on the recommendation ofthe Supreme Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the monarch)
MozambiqueSupreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of itsprofessional judges are appointed by the president and some areelected by the Assembly); other courts include an AdministrativeCourt, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courtsnote: although the constitution provides for a separateConstitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absencethe Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
NamibiaSupreme Court (judges appointed by the president on therecommendation of the Judicial Service Commission)
NauruSupreme Court
NepalSupreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointedby the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; theother judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation ofthe Judicial Council)
NetherlandsSupreme Court or Hoge Raad (justices are nominated forlife by the monarch)
Netherlands AntillesJoint High Court of Justice (judges appointedby the monarch)
New CaledoniaCourt of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; JointCommerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court
New ZealandSupreme Court; Court of Appeal; High Court; note -judges appointed by the Governor-General
NicaraguaSupreme Court or Corte Suprema de Justicia (16 judgeselected for five-year terms by the National Assembly)
NigerState Court or Cour d'Etat; Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
NigeriaSupreme Court (judges appointed by the President); FederalCourt of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government onthe advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)
NiueSupreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Norfolk IslandSupreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions
Northern Mariana IslandsCommonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court;Federal District Court
NorwaySupreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by themonarch)
OmanSupreme Courtnote: the nascent civil court system, administered by region, hasjudges who practice secular and Sharia law
PakistanSupreme Court (justices appointed by the president);Federal Islamic or Sharia Court
PalauSupreme Court; Court of Common Pleas; Land Court
PanamaSupreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (ninejudges appointed for 10-year terms); five superior courts; threecourts of appeal
Papua New GuineaSupreme Court (the chief justice is appointed bythe governor general on the proposal of the National ExecutiveCouncil after consultation with the minister responsible forjustice; other judges are appointed by the Judicial and LegalServices Commission)
ParaguaySupreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (ninejudges appointed on the proposal of the Council of Magistrates orConsejo de la Magistratura)
PeruSupreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judgesare appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary)
PhilippinesSupreme Court (15 justices are appointed by thepresident on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council andserve until 70 years of age); Court of Appeals; Sandigan-bayan(special court for hearing corruption cases of government officials)
Pitcairn IslandsMagistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal;Judicial Officers are appointed by the Governor
PolandSupreme Court (judges are appointed by the president on therecommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for anindefinite period); Constitutional Tribunal (judges are chosen bythe Sejm for nine-year terms)
PortugalSupreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judgesappointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)
Puerto RicoSupreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instancecomposed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court(justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with theconsent of the Senate)
QatarCourts of First Instance, Appeal, and Cassation; anAdministrative Court and a Constitutional Court were established in2007; note - all judges are appointed by Amiri Decree based on therecommendation of the Supreme Judiciary Council for renewablethree-year terms
RomaniaSupreme Court of Justice (comprised of 11 judges appointedfor three-year terms by the president in consultation with theSuperior Council of Magistrates, which is comprised of the ministerof justice, the prosecutor general, two civil societyrepresentatives appointed by the Senate, and 14 judges andprosecutors elected by their peers); a separate body, theConstitutional Court, validates elections and makes decisionsregarding the constitutionality of laws, treaties, ordinances, andinternal rules of the Parliament; it is comprised of nine membersserving nine-year terms, with three members each appointed by thepresident, the Senate, and the Chamber of Deputies
RussiaConstitutional Court; Supreme Court; Supreme ArbitrationCourt; judges for all courts are appointed for life by theFederation Council on the recommendation of the president
RwandaSupreme Court; High Courts of the Republic; ProvincialCourts; District Courts; mediation committees
Saint HelenaMagistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Saint Kitts and NevisEastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based onSaint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kittsand Nevis)
Saint LuciaEastern Caribbean Supreme Court (jurisdiction extends toAnguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the British Virgin Islands, Dominica,Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and SaintVincent and the Grenadines)
Saint Pierre and MiquelonSuperior Tribunal of Appeals or TribunalSuperieur d'Appel
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesEastern Caribbean Supreme Court(based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides inSaint Vincent and the Grenadines)
SamoaCourt of Appeal; Supreme Court; District Court; Land andTitles Court
San MarinoCouncil of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Sao Tome and PrincipeSupreme Court (judges are appointed by theNational Assembly)
Saudi ArabiaSupreme Council of Justice
SenegalConstitutional Court; Council of State; Court of FinalAppeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals
SerbiaConstitutional Court, Supreme Court (to become court ofcassation under new constitution), appellate courts, districtcourts, municipal courts
SeychellesCourt of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courtsare appointed by the president
Sierra LeoneSupreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court
SingaporeSupreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the presidentwith the advice of the prime minister, other judges are appointed bythe president with the advice of the chief justice); Court of Appeals
SlovakiaSupreme Court (judges are elected by the National Council);Constitutional Court (judges appointed by president from group ofnominees approved by the National Council); Special Court (judgeselected by a council of judges and appointed by president)
SloveniaSupreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assemblyon the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court(judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly andnominated by the president)
Solomon IslandsCourt of Appeal
Somaliafollowing the breakdown of the central government, mostregions have reverted to local forms of conflict resolution, eithersecular, traditional Somali customary law, or Sharia (Islamic) lawwith a provision for appeal of all sentences
South AfricaConstitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeals; HighCourts; Magistrate Courts
SpainSupreme Court or Tribunal Supremo
Sri LankaSupreme Court; Court of Appeals; judges for both courtsare appointed by the president
SudanConstitutional Court of nine justices; National Supreme Court;National Courts of Appeal; other national courts; National JudicialService Commission will undertake overall management of the NationalJudiciary
SurinameCantonal Courts and a Court of Justice as an appellatecourt (justices are nominated for life)
SwazilandHigh Court; Supreme Court; judges for both courts areappointed by the monarch
SwedenSupreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed bythe prime minister and the cabinet)
SwitzerlandFederal Supreme Court (judges elected for six-year termsby the Federal Assembly)
SyriaSupreme Judicial Council (appoints and dismisses judges;headed by the president); national level - Supreme ConstitutionalCourt (adjudicates electoral disputes and rules on constitutionalityof laws and decrees; justices appointed for four-year terms by thePresident); Court of Cassation; Appeals Courts (Appeals Courtsrepresent an intermediate level between the Court of Cassation andlocal level courts); local level - Magistrate Courts; Courts ofFirst Instance; Juvenile Courts; Customs Courts; specialized courts- Economic Security Courts (hear cases related to economic crimes);Supreme State Security Court (hear cases related to nationalsecurity); Personal Status Courts (religious; hear cases related tomarriage and divorce)
TaiwanJudicial Yuan (justices appointed by the president withconsent of the Legislative Yuan)
TajikistanSupreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)
TanzaniaPermanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Courtof Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court(consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by thepresident; holds regular sessions in all regions); District Courts;Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to thehigher courts)
ThailandSupreme Court or Sandika (judges appointed by the monarch)
Timor-LesteSupreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for onejudge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed bySuperior Council for Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court isestablished, Court of Appeals is highest court
TogoCourt of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
TokelauSupreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminaljurisdiction in Tokelau
TongaSupreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch); Court ofAppeal (Chief Justice and high court justices from overseas chosenand approved by Privy Council)
Trinidad and TobagoSupreme Court of Judicature (comprised of theHigh Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice isappointed by the president after consultation with the primeminister and the leader of the opposition; other justices areappointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and LegalService Commission); High Court of Justice; Caribbean Court ofAppeals member; Court of Appeals; the highest court of appeal is thePrivy Council in London
TunisiaCourt of Cassation or Cour de Cassation
TurkeyConstitutional Court; High Court of Appeals (Yargitay);Council of State (Danistay); Court of Accounts (Sayistay); MilitaryHigh Court of Appeals; Military High Administrative Court
TurkmenistanSupreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)
Turks and Caicos IslandsSupreme Court; Court of Appeal
TuvaluHigh Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to presideover its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court ofAppeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)
UgandaCourt of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president andapproved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed bythe president)
UkraineSupreme Court; Constitutional Court
United Arab EmiratesUnion Supreme Court (judges are appointed bythe president)
United KingdomHouse of Lords (highest court of appeal; severalLords of Appeal in Ordinary are appointed by the monarch for life);Supreme Courts of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland (comprisingthe Courts of Appeal, the High Courts of Justice, and the CrownCourts); Scotland's Court of Session and Court of the Justiciary
United StatesSupreme Court (nine justices; nominated by thepresident and confirmed with the advice and consent of the Senate;appointed to serve for life); United States Courts of Appeal; UnitedStates District Courts; State and County Courts
UruguaySupreme Court (judges are nominated by the president andelected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)
UzbekistanSupreme Court (judges are nominated by the president andconfirmed by the Supreme Assembly)
VanuatuSupreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the presidentafter consultation with the prime minister and the leader of theopposition, three other justices are appointed by the president onthe advice of the Judicial Service Commission)
VenezuelaSupreme Tribunal of Justice or Tribuna Suprema de Justicia(magistrates are elected by the National Assembly for a single12-year term)
VietnamSupreme People's Court (chief justice is elected for afive-year term by the National Assembly on the recommendation of thepresident)
Virgin IslandsUS District Court of the Virgin Islands (under ThirdCircuit jurisdiction); Superior Court of the Virgin Islands (judgesappointed by the governor for 10-year terms)
Wallis and Futunajustice generally administered under French law bythe high administrator, but the three traditional kings administercustomary law and there is a magistrate in Mata-Utu; a court ofappeal is located in Noumea, New Caledonia
YemenSupreme Court
ZambiaSupreme Court (the final court of appeal; justices areappointed by the president); High Court (has unlimited jurisdictionto hear civil and criminal cases)
ZimbabweSupreme Court; High Court
This page was last updated on 18 December 2008
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@2095 Labor force
Afghanistan15 million (2004 est.)
Albania1.09 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers)(September 2006 est.)
Algeria9.38 million (2007 est.)
American Samoa17,630 (2005)
Andorra42,420 (2005)
Angola7.148 million (2007 est.)
Anguilla6,049 (2001)
Antigua and Barbuda30,000 (1991)
Argentina 16.03 million note: urban areas only (2007 est.)
Armenia1.2 million (2007 est.)
Aruba41,500 (2004 est.)
Australia10.95 million (2007 est.)
Austria3.566 million (2007 est.)
Azerbaijan5.243 million (2007 est.)
Bahamas, The181,900 (2006)
Bahrain437,000note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national(2007 est.)
Bangladesh69.4 millionnote: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman,Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $4.8 billionin 2005-06. (2007 est.)
Barbados128,500 (2001 est.)
Belarus4.3 million (31 December 2005)
Belgium4.94 million (2007 est.)
Belize113,000note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel(2006 est.)
Benin5.38 million (2007 est.)
Bermuda38,360 (2004)
BhutanNAnote: major shortage of skilled labor
Bolivia4.377 million (2007 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina1.026 million (2001)
Botswana288,400 formal sector employees (2004)
Brazil99.23 million (2007 est.)
British Virgin Islands12,770 (2004)
Brunei180,400 (2006 est.)
Bulgaria2.593 million (2007 est.)
Burkina Faso5 millionnote: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually toneighboring countries for seasonal employment (2003)
Burma29.26 million (2007 est.)
Burundi2.99 million (2002)
Cambodia7 million (2003 est.)
Cameroon6.674 million (2007 est.)
Canada17.95 million (2007 est.)
Cape Verde120,600 (1990)
Cayman Islands23,450 (2004)
Central African Republic1.857 million (2006)
Chad3.747 million (2006)
Chile7.167 million (2007 est.)
China800.7 million (2007 est.)
Christmas IslandNA
Cocos (Keeling) IslandsNA
Colombia20.5 million (2007 est.)
Comoros144,500 (1996 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the15 million (2006 est.)
Congo, Republic of theNA
Cook Islands6,820 (2001)
Costa Rica1.92 millionnote: this official estimate excludes Nicaraguans living in CostaRica (2007 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire6.907 million (68% agricultural) (2007 est.)
Croatia1.749 million (2007 est.)
Cuba4.956 millionnote: state sector 78%, non-state sector 22% (2007 est.)
Cyprus393,000 (2007 est.)
Czech Republic5.36 million (2007 est.)
Denmark2.86 million (2007 est.)
Djibouti282,000 (2000)
Dominica25,000 (2000 est.)
Dominican Republic4.027 million (2007 est.)
Ecuador4.51 million (urban) (2007 est.)
Egypt22.1 million (2007 est.)
El Salvador2.913 million (2007 est.)
Equatorial GuineaNA
EritreaNA
Estonia687,000 (2007 est.)
Ethiopia27.27 million (1999)
European Union222.7 million (2006 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)1,724 (est.) (1996)
Faroe Islands24,250 (October 2000)
Fiji117,500 (2006 est.)
Finland2.675 million (2007 est.)
France27.91 million (2007 est.)
French Polynesia65,930 (December 2005)
Gabon582,000 (2007 est.)
Gambia, The400,000 (1996)
Gaza Strip267,000 (2006)
Georgia2.02 million (2007 est.)
Germany43.54 million (2007 est.)
Ghana11.29 million (2007 est.)
Gibraltar12,690 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (2001)
Greece4.92 million (2007 est.)
Greenland32,120 (2004)
Grenada42,300 (1996)
Guam62,050 (2002 est.)
Guatemala3.958 million (2007 est.)
Guernsey31,470 (March 2006)
Guinea3.7 million (2006 est.)
Guinea-Bissau480,000 (1999)
Guyana418,000 (2001 est.)
Haiti3.6 millionnote: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1995)
Holy See (Vatican City)NA
Honduras2.779 million (2007 est.)
Hong Kong3.64 million (2007 est.)
Hungary4.19 million (2007 est.)
Iceland181,000 (2007 est.)
India516.4 million (2007 est.)
Indonesia109.9 million (2007 est.)
Iran28.7 millionnote: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.)
Iraq7.4 million (2004 est.)
Ireland2.217 million (2007 est.)
Isle of Man39,690 (2001)
Israel2.894 million (2007 est.)
Italy24.74 million (2007 est.)
Jamaica1.255 million (2007 est.)
Japan66.69 million (2007 est.)
Jersey53,560 (June 2006)
Jordan1.563 million (2007 est.)
Kazakhstan8.229 million (2007 est.)
Kenya11.85 million (2005 est.)
Kiribati7,870 economically active, not including subsistencefarmers (2001 est.)
Korea, North20 millionnote: estimates vary widely (2004 est.)
Korea, South24.22 million (2007 est.)
Kosovo832,000 (June 2007 est.)
Kuwait 2.093 million note: non-Kuwaitis represent about 80% of the labor force (2007 est.)
Kyrgyzstan2.7 million (2000)
Laos2.1 million (2006 est.)
Latvia1.167 million (2007 est.)
Lebanon1.5 millionnote: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers(2005 est.)
Lesotho838,000 (2000 est.)
Libya1.83 million (2007 est.)
Liechtenstein29,500 of whom 13,900 commute from Austria,Switzerland, and Germany to work each day (31 December 2001)
Lithuania1.603 million (2007 est.)
Luxembourg205,000 of whom 121,600 are foreign cross-border workerscommuting primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany (2007 est.)
Macau275,000 (2006)
Macedonia890,000 (2007 est.)
Madagascar7.3 million (2000)
Malawi4.5 million (2001 est.)
Malaysia10.94 million (2007 est.)
Maldives101,300 (2004)
Mali5.4 million (2007 est.)
Malta166,000 (2007 est.)
Marshall Islands14,680 (2000)
Mauritania786,000 (2001)
Mauritius574,000 (2007 est.)
Mayotte44,560 (2002)
Mexico44.71 million (2007 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of37,410 (2000)
Moldova1.333 million (2007 est.)
Monaco 44,000 note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2005 est.)
Mongolia1.042 million (2006)
Montenegro259,100 (2004)
Montserrat 4,521 note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)
Morocco11.39 million (2007 est.)
Mozambique9.6 million (2007 est.)
Namibia660,000 (2007 est.)
Nepal 11.11 million note: severe lack of skilled labor (2006 est.)
Netherlands7.604 million (2007 est.)
Netherlands Antilles83,600 (2005)
New Caledonia78,990 (2004)
New Zealand2.236 million (2007 est.)
Nicaragua2.262 million (2007 est.)
Niger70,000 salaried workers, 60% of whom are employed in thepublic sector (1995)
Nigeria50.13 million (2007 est.)
Niue663 (2001)
Norfolk IslandNA
Northern Mariana Islands 44,470 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (2000)
Norway2.507 million (2007 est.)
Oman920,000 (2002 est.)
Pakistan48.23 millionnote: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and useof child labor (2007 est.)
Palau9,777 (2005)
Panama1.362 millionnote: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilledlabor (2007 est.)
Papua New Guinea3.557 million (2007 est.)
Paraguay2.787 million (2007 est.)
Peru9.839 million (2007 est.)
Philippines36.22 million (2007 est.)
Pitcairn Islands15 able-bodied men (2004)
Poland16.86 million (2007 est.)
Portugal5.618 million (2007 est.)
Puerto Rico1.3 million (2000)
Qatar881,000 (2007 est.)
Romania9.3 million (2007 est.)
Russia75.1 million (2007 est.)
Rwanda4.6 million (2000)
Saint Helena 2,486 note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis18,170 (June 1995)
Saint Lucia43,800 (2001 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon3,450 (2005)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines41,680 (1991 est.)
Samoa90,000 (2000 est.)
San Marino20,470 (2004)
Sao Tome and Principe35,050 (1991)
Saudi Arabia6.563 millionnote: about one-third of the population in the 15-64 age group isnon-national (2007 est.)
Senegal4.85 million (2007 est.)
Serbia2.961 million (2002 est.)
Seychelles39,560 (2006)
Sierra Leone1.369 million (1981 est.)
Singapore2.751 million (2007 est.)
Slovakia2.654 million (2007 est.)
Slovenia925,000 (2007 est.)
Solomon Islands249,200 (1999)
Somalia3.7 million (few skilled laborers) (1975)
South Africa20.49 million economically active (2007 est.)
Spain22.19 million (2007 est.)
Sri Lanka7.489 million (2007 est.)
Sudan7.415 million (1996 est.)
Suriname156,700 (2004)
SvalbardNA
Swaziland300,000 (2006)
Sweden4.839 million (2007 est.)
Switzerland3.954 million (2007 est.)
Syria5.462 million (2007 est.)
Taiwan10.71 million (2007 est.)
Tajikistan2.1 million (2007)
Tanzania20.04 million (2007 est.)
Thailand36.9 million (2007 est.)
Timor-LesteNA
Togo1.302 million (1998)
Tokelau440 (2001)
Tonga33,910 (2003)
Trinidad and Tobago622,000 (2007 est.)
Tunisia3.593 million (2007 est.)
Turkey 23.53 million note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (2007 est.)
Turkmenistan2.089 million (2004 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands4,848 (1990 est.)
Tuvalu3,615 (2004 est.)
Uganda14.02 million (2007 est.)
Ukraine21.58 million (2007 est.)
United Arab Emirates3.065 million (2007 est.)
United Kingdom30.89 million (2007 est.)
United States153.1 million (includes unemployed) (2007 est.)
Uruguay1.631 million (2007 est.)
Uzbekistan14.6 million (2007 est.)
Vanuatu76,410 (1999)
Venezuela12.37 million (2007 est.)
Vietnam46.42 million (2007 est.)
Virgin Islands43,980 (2004 est.)
Wallis and Futuna3,104 (2003)
West Bank605,000 (2006)
Western Sahara12,000 (2005 est.)
World3.131 billion (2007 est.)
Yemen6.305 million (2007 est.)
Zambia4.989 million (2007 est.)
Zimbabwe4.032 million (2007 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December 2008
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@2096 Land boundaries (km)
Afghanistantotal: 5,529 kmborder countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km,Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km
Akrotiritotal: 47.4 kmborder countries: Cyprus 47.4 km
Albaniatotal: 717 kmborder countries: Greece 282 km, Macedonia 151 km, Montenegro 172km, Kosovo 112 km
Algeriatotal: 6,343 kmborder countries: Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km,Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km
American Samoa0 km
Andorratotal: 120.3 kmborder countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Angolatotal: 5,198 kmborder countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,511 km (ofwhich 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province),Republic of the Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zambia 1,110 km
Anguilla0 km
Antarctica 0 km note: see entry on Disputes - international
Antigua and Barbuda0 km
Argentinatotal: 9,861 kmborder countries: Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,261 km, Chile 5,308 km,Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 580 km
Armeniatotal: 1,254 kmborder countries: Azerbaijan-proper 566 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivanexclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km
Aruba0 km
Ashmore and Cartier Islands0 km
Australia0 km
Austriatotal: 2,562 kmborder countries: Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary 366km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 35 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 330km, Switzerland 164 km
Azerbaijantotal: 2,013 kmborder countries: Armenia (with Azerbaijan-proper) 566 km, Armenia(with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave) 221 km, Georgia 322 km, Iran(with Azerbaijan-proper) 432 km, Iran (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivanexclave) 179 km, Russia 284 km, Turkey 9 km
Bahamas, The0 km
Bahrain0 km
Bangladesh total: 4,246 km border countries: Burma 193 km, India 4,053 km
Barbados0 km
Belarustotal: 3,306 kmborder countries: Latvia 171 km, Lithuania 680 km, Poland 605 km,Russia 959 km, Ukraine 891 km
Belgiumtotal: 1,385 kmborder countries: France 620 km, Germany 167 km, Luxembourg 148 km,Netherlands 450 km
Belizetotal: 516 kmborder countries: Guatemala 266 km, Mexico 250 km
Benintotal: 1,989 kmborder countries: Burkina Faso 306 km, Niger 266 km, Nigeria 773 km,Togo 644 km
Bermuda0 km
Bhutantotal: 1,075 kmborder countries: China 470 km, India 605 km
Boliviatotal: 6,940 kmborder countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,423 km, Chile 860 km,Paraguay 750 km, Peru 1,075 km
Bosnia and Herzegovinatotal: 1,538 kmborder countries: Croatia 932 km, Montenegro 249 km, Serbia 357 km
Botswanatotal: 4,013 kmborder countries: Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe813 km
Bouvet Island0 km
Braziltotal: 16,885 kmborder countries: Argentina 1,261 km, Bolivia 3,423 km, Colombia1,644 km, French Guiana 730 km, Guyana 1,606 km, Paraguay 1,365 km,Peru 2,995 km, Suriname 593 km, Uruguay 1,068 km, Venezuela 2,200 km
British Indian Ocean Territory0 km
British Virgin Islands0 km
Bruneitotal: 381 kmborder countries: Malaysia 381 km
Bulgariatotal: 1,808 kmborder countries: Greece 494 km, Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km,Serbia 318 km, Turkey 240 km
Burkina Fasototal: 3,193 kmborder countries: Benin 306 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Ghana 549 km,Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km
Burmatotal: 5,876 kmborder countries: Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km,Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km
Burunditotal: 974 kmborder countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda290 km, Tanzania 451 km
Cambodiatotal: 2,572 kmborder countries: Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km
Cameroontotal: 4,591 kmborder countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km,Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298km, Nigeria 1,690 km
Canada total: 8,893 km border countries: US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with Alaska)
Cape Verde0 km
Cayman Islands0 km
Central African Republictotal: 5,203 kmborder countries: Cameroon 797 km, Chad 1,197 km, DemocraticRepublic of the Congo 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 467 km, Sudan1,165 km
Chadtotal: 5,968 kmborder countries: Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km
Chiletotal: 6,339 kmborder countries: Argentina 5,308 km, Bolivia 860 km, Peru 171 km
Chinatotal: 22,117 kmborder countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km,India 3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km,Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4,677 km, Nepal 1,236 km,Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 kmregional borders: Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km
Christmas Island0 km
Clipperton Island0 km
Cocos (Keeling) Islands0 km
Colombiatotal: 6,309 kmborder countries: Brazil 1,644 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km,Peru 1,800 km, Venezuela 2,050 km
Comoros0 km
Congo, Democratic Republic of thetotal: 10,730 kmborder countries: Angola 2,511 km (of which 225 km is the boundaryof Angola's discontiguous Cabinda Province), Burundi 233 km, CentralAfrican Republic 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Rwanda217 km, Sudan 628 km, Tanzania 459 km, Uganda 765 km, Zambia 1,930 km
Congo, Republic of thetotal: 5,504 kmborder countries: Angola 201 km, Cameroon 523 km, Central AfricanRepublic 467 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Gabon1,903 km
Cook Islands0 km
Coral Sea Islands0 km
Costa Ricatotal: 639 kmborder countries: Nicaragua 309 km, Panama 330 km
Cote d'Ivoiretotal: 3,110 kmborder countries: Burkina Faso 584 km, Ghana 668 km, Guinea 610 km,Liberia 716 km, Mali 532 km
Croatiatotal: 1,982 kmborder countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina 932 km, Hungary 329 km,Serbia 241 km, Montenegro 25 km, Slovenia 455 km
Cubatotal: 29 kmborder countries: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 kmnote: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and remains part ofCuba
Cyprustotal: 150.4 km (approximately)border sovereign base areas: Akrotiri 47.4 km, Dhekelia 103 km(approximately)
Czech Republictotal: 1,989 kmborder countries: Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km,Slovakia 197 km
Denmarktotal: 68 kmborder countries: Germany 68 km
Dhekeliatotal: 103 km (approximately)border countries: Cyprus 103 km (approximately)
Djiboutitotal: 516 kmborder countries: Eritrea 109 km, Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km
Dominica0 km
Dominican Republictotal: 360 kmborder countries: Haiti 360 km
Ecuadortotal: 2,010 kmborder countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km
Egypttotal: 2,665 kmborder countries: Gaza Strip 11 km, Israel 266 km, Libya 1,115 km,Sudan 1,273 km
El Salvadortotal: 545 kmborder countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
Equatorial Guineatotal: 539 kmborder countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
Eritreatotal: 1,626 kmborder countries: Djibouti 109 km, Ethiopia 912 km, Sudan 605 km
Estoniatotal: 633 kmborder countries: Latvia 343 km, Russia 290 km
Ethiopiatotal: 5,328 kmborder countries: Djibouti 349 km, Eritrea 912 km, Kenya 861 km,Somalia 1,600 km, Sudan 1,606 km
European Uniontotal: 12,440.8 kmborder countries: Albania 282 km, Andorra 120.3 km, Belarus 1,050km, Croatia 999 km, Holy See 3.2 km, Liechtenstein 34.9 km,Macedonia 394 km, Moldova 450 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Norway 2,348 km,Russia 2,257 km, San Marino 39 km, Serbia 945 km, Switzerland 1,811km, Turkey 446 km, Ukraine 1,257 kmnote: data for European Continent only
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)0 km
Faroe Islands0 km
Fiji0 km
Finlandtotal: 2,654 kmborder countries: Norway 727 km, Sweden 614 km, Russia 1,313 km
Francemetropolitan France - total: 2,889 kmborder countries: Andorra 56.6 km, Belgium 620 km, Germany 451 km,Italy 488 km, Luxembourg 73 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Spain 623 km,Switzerland 573 kmFrench Guiana - total: 1,183 kmborder countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km
French Polynesia0 km
French Southern and Antarctic Lands0 km
Gabontotal: 2,551 kmborder countries: Cameroon 298 km, Republic of the Congo 1,903 km,Equatorial Guinea 350 km
Gambia, Thetotal: 740 kmborder countries: Senegal 740 km
Gaza Striptotal: 62 kmborder countries: Egypt 11 km, Israel 51 km
Georgiatotal: 1,461 kmborder countries: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km,Turkey 252 km
Germanytotal: 3,621 kmborder countries: Austria 784 km, Belgium 167 km, Czech Republic 646km, Denmark 68 km, France 451 km, Luxembourg 138 km, Netherlands 577km, Poland 456 km, Switzerland 334 km
Ghanatotal: 2,094 kmborder countries: Burkina Faso 549 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km, Togo877 km
Gibraltartotal: 1.2 kmborder countries: Spain 1.2 km
Greecetotal: 1,228 kmborder countries: Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km,Macedonia 246 km
Greenland0 km
Grenada0 km
Guam0 km
Guatemalatotal: 1,687 kmborder countries: Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256km, Mexico 962 km
Guernsey0 km
Guineatotal: 3,399 kmborder countries: Cote d'Ivoire 610 km, Guinea-Bissau 386 km,Liberia 563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km
Guinea-Bissautotal: 724 kmborder countries: Guinea 386 km, Senegal 338 km
Guyanatotal: 2,949 kmborder countries: Brazil 1,606 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
Haititotal: 360 kmborder countries: Dominican Republic 360 km
Heard Island and McDonald Islands0 km
Holy See (Vatican City)total: 3.2 kmborder countries: Italy 3.2 km
Hondurastotal: 1,520 kmborder countries: Guatemala 256 km, El Salvador 342 km, Nicaragua922 km
Hong Kongtotal: 30 kmregional border: China 30 km
Hungarytotal: 2,185 kmborder countries: Austria 366 km, Croatia 329 km, Romania 443 km,Serbia 166 km, Slovakia 676 km, Slovenia 102 km, Ukraine 103 km
Iceland0 km
Indiatotal: 14,103 kmborder countries: Bangladesh 4,053 km, Bhutan 605 km, Burma 1,463km, China 3,380 km, Nepal 1,690 km, Pakistan 2,912 km
Indonesiatotal: 2,830 kmborder countries: Timor-Leste 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua NewGuinea 820 km