note: includes 891 km of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) (2008)
Roadways:
total: 91,440 km country comparison to the world: 55 paved: 20,117 km
unpaved: 71,323 km (2001)
Waterways:
2,250 km; (includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and Luapula rivers) (2010) country comparison to the world: 40
Ports and terminals:
Mpulungu
Military ::Zambia
Military branches:
Zambian National Defense Force (ZNDF): Zambian Army, Zambian AirForce, National Service (2009)
Military service age and obligation:
18-27 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (16 years of age with parental consent); no conscription; Zambian citizenship required; mandatory HIV testing upon enlistment; mandatory retirement for officers at age 65 (Army, Air Force) (2010)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 2,824,372
females age 16-49: 2,685,883 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 1,401,481
females age 16-49: 1,274,583 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 151,586
female: 150,839 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
1.8% of GDP (2005 est.) country comparison to the world: 83
Transnational Issues ::Zambia
Disputes - international:
in 2004, Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing a short, but not clearly delimited, Botswana-Zambia boundary in the river
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 42,565 (Angola); 60,874 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); 4,100 (Rwanda) (2007)
Illicit drugs:
transshipment point for moderate amounts of methaqualone, small amounts of heroin, and cocaine bound for southern Africa and possibly Europe; a poorly developed financial infrastructure coupled with a government commitment to combating money laundering make it an unattractive venue for money launderers; major consumer of cannabis
page last updated on January 20, 2011
======================================================================
@Zimbabwe (Africa)
Introduction ::Zimbabwe
Background:
The UK annexed Southern Rhodesia from the [British] South Africa Company in 1923. A 1961 constitution was formulated that favored whites in power. In 1965 the government unilaterally declared its independence, but the UK did not recognize the act and demanded more complete voting rights for the black African majority in the country (then called Rhodesia). UN sanctions and a guerrilla uprising finally led to free elections in 1979 and independence (as Zimbabwe) in 1980. Robert MUGABE, the nation's first prime minister, has been the country's only ruler (as president since 1987) and has dominated the country's political system since independence. His chaotic land redistribution campaign, which began in 2000, caused an exodus of white farmers, crippled the economy, and ushered in widespread shortages of basic commodities. Ignoring international condemnation, MUGABE rigged the 2002 presidential election to ensure his reelection. The ruling ZANU-PF party used fraud and intimidation to win a two-thirds majority in the March 2005 parliamentary election, allowing it to amend the constitution at will and recreate the Senate, which had been abolished in the late 1980s. In April 2005, Harare embarked on Operation Restore Order, ostensibly an urban rationalization program, which resulted in the destruction of the homes or businesses of 700,000 mostly poor supporters of the opposition. President MUGABE in June 2007 instituted price controls on all basic commodities causing panic buying and leaving store shelves empty for months. General elections held in March 2008 contained irregularities but still amounted to a censure of the ZANU-PF-led government with the opposition winning a majority of seats in parliament. MDC opposition leader Morgan TSVANGIRAI won the most votes in the presidential polls, but not enough to win outright. In the lead up to a run-off election in late June 2008, considerable violence enacted against opposition party members led to the withdrawal of TSVANGIRAI from the ballot. Extensive evidence of vote tampering and ballot-box stuffing resulted in international condemnation of the process. Difficult negotiations over a power-sharing government, in which MUGABE remained president and TSVANGIRAI became prime minister, were finally settled in February 2009, although the leaders have yet failed to agree upon many key outstanding governmental issues.
Geography ::Zimbabwe
Location:
Southern Africa, between South Africa and Zambia
Geographic coordinates:
Map references:
Africa
Area:
total: 390,757 sq km country comparison to the world: 60 land: 386,847 sq km
water: 3,910 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly larger than Montana
Land boundaries:
total: 3,066 km
border countries: Botswana 813 km, Mozambique 1,231 km, South Africa 225 km, Zambia 797 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
Climate:
tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March)
Terrain:
mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld); mountains in east
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: junction of the Runde and Save Rivers 162 m
highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m
Natural resources:
coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel, copper, iron ore, vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum group metals
Land use:
arable land: 8.24%
permanent crops: 0.33%
other: 91.43% (2005)
Irrigated land:
1,740 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
20 cu km (1987)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 4.21 cu km/yr (14%/7%/79%)
per capita: 324 cu m/yr (2002)
Natural hazards:
recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare
Environment - current issues:
deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; air and water pollution; the black rhinoceros herd - once the largest concentration of the species in the world - has been significantly reduced by poaching; poor mining practices have led to toxic waste and heavy metal pollution
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
landlocked; the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with Zambia; in full flood (February-April) the massive Victoria Falls on the river forms the world's largest curtain of falling water
People ::Zimbabwe
Population:
11,651,858 country comparison to the world: 72 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2010 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 43.9% (male 2,523,119/female 2,473,928)
15-64 years: 52.2% (male 2,666,928/female 3,283,474)
65 years and over: 3.9% (male 194,360/female 250,820) (2010 est.)
Median age:
total: 17.8 years
male: 16.7 years
female: 18.9 years (2010 est.)
Population growth rate:
2.954% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 14
Birth rate:
31.57 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 42
Death rate:
14.9 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 14
Net migration rate:
12.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population country comparison to the world: 6 note: there is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa and Botswana in search of better economic opportunities (2009 est.)
Urbanization:
urban population: 37% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.83 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2010 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 30.9 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 72 male: 33.44 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 28.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 47.55 years country comparison to the world: 219 male: 47.98 years
female: 47.11 years (2010 est.)
Total fertility rate:
3.66 children born/woman (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 45
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
15.3% (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 6
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
1.3 million (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 7
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
140,000 (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 5
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Nationality:
noun: Zimbabwean(s)
adjective: Zimbabwean
Ethnic groups:
African 98% (Shona 82%, Ndebele 14%, other 2%), mixed and Asian 1%, white less than 1%
Religions:
syncretic (part Christian, part indigenous beliefs) 50%, Christian 25%, indigenous beliefs 24%, Muslim and other 1%
Languages:
English (official), Shona, Sindebele (the language of the Ndebele, sometimes called Ndebele), numerous but minor tribal dialects
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write English
total population: 90.7%
male: 94.2%
female: 87.2% (2003 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 9 years
male: 10 years
female: 9 years (2003)
Education expenditures:
4.6% of GDP (2000) country comparison to the world: 87
Government ::Zimbabwe
Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Zimbabwe
conventional short form: Zimbabwe
former: Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia
Government type:
parliamentary democracy
Capital:
name: Harare
geographic coordinates: 17 50 S, 31 03 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*,Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East,Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South,Midlands
Independence:
18 April 1980 (from the UK)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 18 April (1980)
Constitution:
21 December 1979
Legal system:
mixture of Roman-Dutch and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31 December 1987); Vice President John NKOMO (since December 2009) and Vice President Joyce MUJURU (since 6 December 2004)
head of government: Prime Minister Morgan TSVANGIRAI (since 11 February 2009); Deputy Prime Minister Arthur MUTAMBARA
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president and prime minister; responsible to the House of Assembly (For more information visit the World Leaders website ) elections: presidential candidates nominated with a nomination paper signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least one from each province) and elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits); elections last held on 28 March 2008 followed by a run-off on 27 June 2008 (next to be held in 2013); co-vice presidents drawn from party leadership
election results: Robert Gabriel MUGABE reelected president; percent of vote - Robert Gabriel MUGABE 85.5%, Morgan TSVANGIRAI 9.3%, other 5.2%; note - first round voting results - Morgan TSVANGIRAI 47.9%, Robert Gabriel MUGABE 43.2%, Simba MAKONI 8.3%, other 0.6%; first-round round polls were deemed to be flawed suppressing TSVANGIRAI's results; the 27 June 2008 run-off between MUGABE and TSVANGIRAI was severely flawed and internationally condemned
Legislative branch:
bicameral Parliament consists of a Senate (93 seats - 60 members elected by popular vote for a five-year term, 10 provincial governors nominated by the president and the prime minister, 16 traditional chiefs elected by the Council of Chiefs, 2 seats held by the president and deputy president of the Council of Chiefs, and 5 members appointed by the president) and a House of Assembly (210 seats - members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)
elections: last held on 28 March 2008 (next to be held in 2013)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - MDC 51.6%, ZANU-PF 45.8%, other 2.6%; seats by party - MDC 30, ZANU-PF 30; House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - MDC 51.3%, ZANU-PF 45.8%, other 2.9%; seats by party - MDC 109, ZANU-PF 97, other 4
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court; High Court
Political parties and leaders:
African National Party or ANP [Egypt DZINEMUNHENZVA]; Movement forDemocratic Change or MDC [Morgan TSVANGIRAI]; Movement forDemocratic Change - Mutambara or MDC-M [Arthur MUTAMBARA] (splinterfaction of the MDC); Peace Action is Freedom for All or PAFA; UnitedParties [Abel MUZOREWA]; United People's Party or UPP [DanielSHUMBA]; Zimbabwe African National Union-Ndonga or ZANU-Ndonga[Wilson KUMBULA]; Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front orZANU-PF [Robert Gabriel MUGABE]; Zimbabwe African Peoples Union orZAPU [Agrippa MADLELA]; Zimbabwe Youth in Alliance or ZIYA
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition; National Constitutional Assembly orNCA [Lovemore MADHUKU]; Women of Zimbabwe Arise or WOZA [JennyWILLIAMS]; Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions or ZCTU [WellingtonCHIBEBE]
International organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA,IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO(correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN,UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO,WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Machivenyika MAPURANGA
chancery: 1608 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 332-7100
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Charles A. RAY
embassy: 172 Herbert Chitepo Avenue, Harare
mailing address: P. O. Box 3340, Harare
telephone: [263] (4) 250-593 through 250-594
FAX: [263] (4) 796-488, or 722-618
Flag description:
seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, and green with a white isosceles triangle edged in black with its base on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bird representing the long history of the country is superimposed on a red five-pointed star in the center of the triangle, which symbolizes peace; green represents agriculture, yellow mineral wealth, red the blood shed to achieve independence, and black stands for the native people
National anthem:
name: "Kalibusiswe Ilizwe leZimbabwe" [Northern Ndebele language] "Simudzai Mureza WeZimbabwe" [Shona] (Blessed Be the Land of Zimbabwe)
lyrics/music: Solomon MUTSWAIRO/Fred Lecture CHANGUNDEGA
note: adopted 1994
Economy ::Zimbabwe
Economy - overview:
The government of Zimbabwe faces a wide variety of difficult economic problems. Its 1998-2002 involvement in the war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo drained hundreds of millions of dollars from the economy. The government's land reform program, characterized by chaos and violence, has badly damaged the commercial farming sector, the traditional source of exports and foreign exchange and the provider of 400,000 jobs, turning Zimbabwe into a net importer of food products. The EU and the US provide food aid on humanitarian grounds. Until early 2009, the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe routinely printed money to fund the budget deficit, causing hyperinflation. The power-sharing government formed in February 2009 has led to some economic improvements, including the cessation of hyperinflation by eliminating the use of the Zimbabwe dollar and removing price controls. The economy is registering its first growth in a decade, but will be reliant on further political improvement for greater growth.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$4.395 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 165 $4.223 billion (2009 est.)
$4.279 billion (2008 est.)
note: data are in 2010 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$5.574 billion
note: in 2009, the Zimbabwean dollar was taken out of circulation, making Zimbabwe's GDP at the official exchange rate a highly inaccurate statistic (2010 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
4.1% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 79 -1.3% (2009 est.)
-14.4% (2008 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$400 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 227 $400 (2009 est.)
$400 (2008 est.)
note: data are in 2010 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 19.5%
industry: 24%
services: 56.5% (2010 est.)
Labor force:
3.848 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 89
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 66%
industry: 10%
services: 24% (1996)
Unemployment rate:
95% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 200 80% (2005 est.)
Population below poverty line:
68% (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 2%
highest 10%: 40.4% (1995)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
50.1 (2006) country comparison to the world: 24 50.1 (1995)
Investment (gross fixed):
21% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 76
Public debt:
241.6% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 1 282.6% of GDP (2009 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
5.03% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 145 5.1% (2009 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
NA% (31 December 2009) country comparison to the world: 1 975% (31 December 2007)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
NA% (31 December 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 1 578.96% (31 December 2007)
Stock of narrow money:
$NA (31 December 2009 est.)
$2.151 million (31 December 2008 est)
note: the money data for Zimbabwe for 2007 reflected the vastly overvalued official exchange rate of 30,000 Zimbabwe dollars per US dollar; at an unofficial rate of 800,000 Zimbabwe dollars per US dollar, the stock of Zimbabwe dollars, narrowly defined, would equal only about US$500 million and Zimbabwe's velocity of money (the number of times money turns over in the course of a year) would be nine, in line with the velocity of money for other countries in the region
Stock of broad money:
$3.057 million (31 December 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 187 $NA (31 December 2009 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
$1.186 million (31 December 2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 185 $60 (31 December 2009 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA (31 December 2008) country comparison to the world: 79 $5.333 billion (31 December 2007)
$26.56 billion (31 December 2006)
Agriculture - products:
corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts; sheep, goats, pigs
Industries:
mining (coal, gold, platinum, copper, nickel, tin, clay, numerous metallic and nonmetallic ores), steel; wood products, cement, chemicals, fertilizer, clothing and footwear, foodstuffs, beverages
Industrial production growth rate:
4% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 82
Electricity - production:
8.89 billion kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 95
Electricity - consumption:
10.89 billion kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 84
Electricity - exports:
32 million kWh (2007 est.)
Electricity - imports:
2.691 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 120
Oil - consumption:
11,000 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 147
Oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 164
Oil - imports:
13,830 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 130
Oil - proved reserves:
0 bbl (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 104
Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 109
Natural gas - consumption:
0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 169
Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 96
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 111
Natural gas - proved reserves:
0 cu m (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 117
Current account balance:
-$414.2 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 111 -$807.5 million (2009 est.)
Exports:
$1.869 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 133 $1.213 billion (2009 est.)
Exports - commodities:
platinum, cotton, tobacco, gold, ferroalloys, textiles/clothing
Exports - partners:
Democratic Republic of the Congo 14.82%, South Africa 13.39%, Botswana 13.23%, China 7.82%, Zambia 7.3%, Netherlands 5.39%, UK 4.93% (2009)
Imports:
$2.871 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 142 $2.413 billion (2009 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and transport equipment, other manufactures, chemicals, fuels, food products
Imports - partners:
South Africa 62.24%, China 4.2% (2009)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$376 million (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 120 $351 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Debt - external:
$5.772 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 100 $5.667 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Exchange rates:
Zimbabwean dollars (ZWD) per US dollar - 234.25 (2010), 234 (2008), 30,000 (2007), 162 (2006), 78 (2005)
Communications ::Zimbabwe
Telephones - main lines in use:
385,100 (2009) country comparison to the world: 103
Telephones - mobile cellular:
2.991 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 113
Telephone system:
general assessment: system was once one of the best in Africa, but now suffers from poor maintenance
domestic: consists of microwave radio relay links, open-wire lines, radiotelephone communication stations, fixed wireless local loop installations, and a substantial mobile-cellular network; Internet connection is available in Harare and planned for all major towns and for some of the smaller ones
international: country code - 263; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat; 2 international digital gateway exchanges (in Harare and Gweru)
Broadcast media:
government owns all local radio and television stations; foreign shortwave broadcasts and satellite television are available to those who can afford antennas and receivers; in rural areas, access to television broadcasts is extremely limited (2007)
Internet country code:
.zw
Internet hosts:
29,866 (2010) country comparison to the world: 98
Internet users:
1.423 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 84
Transportation ::Zimbabwe
Airports:
216 (2010) country comparison to the world: 28
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 19
over 3,047 m: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
914 to 1,523 m: 9 (2010)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 197
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 120
under 914 m: 74 (2010)
Pipelines:
refined products 270 km (2009)
Railways:
total: 3,077 km country comparison to the world: 55 narrow gauge: 3,077 km 1.067-m gauge (313 km electrified) (2008)
Roadways:
total: 97,267 km country comparison to the world: 46 paved: 18,481 km
unpaved: 78,786 km (2002)
Waterways:
on Lake Kariba (2009)
Ports and terminals:
Binga, Kariba
Military ::Zimbabwe
Military branches:
Zimbabwe Defense Forces (ZDF): Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA), AirForce of Zimbabwe (AFZ), Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) (2009)
Military service age and obligation:
18-24 years of age for compulsory military service; women are eligible to serve (2010)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 2,366,038
females age 16-49: 2,742,036 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 1,327,894
females age 16-49: 1,525,815 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 155,117
female: 152,875 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
3.8% of GDP (2006) country comparison to the world: 29
Transnational Issues ::Zimbabwe
Disputes - international:
Botswana built electric fences and South Africa has placed military along the border to stem the flow of thousands of Zimbabweans fleeing to find work and escape political persecution; Namibia has supported, and in 2004 Zimbabwe dropped objections to, plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing a short, but not clearly delimited, Botswana-Zambia boundary in the river
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 2,500 (Democratic Republic of Congo)
IDPs: 569,685 (MUGABE-led political violence, human rights violations, land reform, and economic collapse) (2007)
Trafficking in persons:
current situation: Zimbabwe is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor and sexual exploitation; large scale migration of Zimbabweans to surrounding countries - as they flee a progressively more desperate situation at home - has increased; rural Zimbabwean men, women, and children are trafficked internally to farms for agricultural labor and domestic servitude and to cities for domestic labor and commercial sexual exploitation; NGOs believe internal trafficking increased during the year, largely due to the closure of schools, worsening political violence, and a faltering economy; young men and boys are trafficked to South Africa for farm work, often laboring for months in South Africa without pay before "employers" have them arrested and deported as illegal immigrants; young women and girls are lured abroad with false employment offers that result in involuntary domestic servitude or commercial sexual exploitation; men, women, and children from neighboring states are trafficked through Zimbabwe en route to South Africa
tier rating: Tier 3 - the Government of Zimbabwe does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government made minimal progress in combating trafficking in 2008, and members of its military and the former ruling party's youth militias perpetrated acts of trafficking on local populations; anti-trafficking efforts were further weakened as it failed to address Zimbabwe's economic and social problems during the reporting period, thus increasing the population's vulnerability to trafficking within and outside of the country (2009)
Illicit drugs:
transit point for cannabis and South Asian heroin, mandrax, and methamphetamines en route to South Africa
page last updated on January 20, 2011
======================================================================
@2001
Field Listing :: GDP (purchasing power parity)
This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The differences between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the wealthy industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Country Comparison to the World Country
GDP (purchasing power parity)
Afghanistan$29.81 billion (2010 est.)$27.38 billion (2009 est.)$22.34 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Albania$23.95 billion (2010 est.)$23.23 billion (2009 est.)$22.49 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollarsAlbania has an informal, and unreported, sector that may be as largeas 50% of official GDP
Algeria$254.7 billion (2010 est.)$244.6 billion (2009 est.)$239.4 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
American Samoa$575.3 million (2007 est.)$510.1 million (2003 est.)
Andorra$4.22 billion (2008)$3.66 billion (2007)$3.588 billion (2006)
Angola$114.1 billion (2010 est.)$107.8 billion (2009 est.)$108.7 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Anguilla$175.4 million (2009 est.)$191.7 million (2008 est.)$108.9 million (2004 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda$1.433 billion (2010 est.)$1.494 billion (2009 est.)$1.64 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Argentina$596 billion (2010 est.)$554.5 billion (2009 est.)$571.6 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Armenia$17.27 billion (2010 est.)$16.5 billion (2009 est.)$19.23 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Aruba$2.258 billion (2005 est.)$2.205 billion (2004 est.)
Australia$889.6 billion (2010 est.)$861.1 billion (2009 est.)$850.9 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Austria$332.9 billion (2010 est.)$326.4 billion (2009 est.)$339.3 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Azerbaijan$90.15 billion (2010 est.)$86.93 billion (2009 est.)$79.54 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bahamas, The$8.878 billion (2010 est.)$8.923 billion (2009 est.)$9.285 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bahrain$29.82 billion (2010 est.)$28.7 billion (2009 est.)$27.83 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bangladesh$259.3 billion (2010 est.)$244.6 billion (2009 est.)$231.4 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Barbados$6.196 billion (2010 est.)$6.24 billion (2009 est.)$6.603 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Belarus$128.4 billion (2010 est.)$122.5 billion (2009 est.)$122.3 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Belgium$394.9 billion (2010 est.)$388.7 billion (2009 est.)$399.5 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Belize$2.652 billion (2010 est.)$2.613 billion (2009 est.)$2.613 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Benin$14.2 billion (2010 est.)$13.79 billion (2009 est.)$13.42 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bermuda$4.5 billion (2004 est.)
Bhutan$3.526 billion (2010 est.)$3.301 billion (2009 est.)$3.123 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bolivia$47.98 billion (2010 est.)$46.22 billion (2009 est.)$44.7 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bosnia and Herzegovina$30.56 billion (2010 est.)$30.23 billion (2009 est.)$31.23 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Botswana$26.56 billion (2010 est.)$25.76 billion (2009 est.)$27.23 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Brazil$2.194 trillion (2010 est.)$2.041 trillion (2009 est.)$2.045 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
British Virgin Islands$853.4 million (2004 est.)
Brunei$19.88 billion (2010 est.)$19.68 billion (2009 est.)$20.04 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Bulgaria$91.83 billion (2010 est.)$91.83 billion (2009 est.)$96.67 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Burkina Faso$20.06 billion (2010 est.)$19.07 billion (2009 est.)$18.48 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Burma$60.07 billion (2010 est.)$58.27 billion (2009 est.)$57.24 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Burundi$3.418 billion (2010 est.)$3.29 billion (2009 est.)$3.178 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cambodia$29.46 billion (2010 est.)$28.3 billion (2009 est.)$28.73 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cameroon$44.65 billion (2010 est.)$43.44 billion (2009 est.)$43.05 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Canada$1.335 trillion (2010 est.)$1.297 trillion (2009 est.)$1.33 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cape Verde$1.861 billion (2010 est.)$1.781 billion (2009 est.)$1.749 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cayman Islands $2.25 billion (2008 est.) $2.23 billion (2003 est.)
Central African Republic$3.468 billion (2010 est.)$3.345 billion (2009 est.)$3.289 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Chad$18.56 billion (2010 est.)$18.2 billion (2009 est.)$18.49 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Chile$260 billion (2010 est.)$246.9 billion (2009 est.)$250.6 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
China$9.872 trillion (2010 est.)$8.95 trillion (2009 est.)$8.204 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Christmas Island$NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands$NA
Colombia$431.9 billion (2010 est.)$413.7 billion (2009 est.)$410.4 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Comoros$789.4 million (2010 est.)$776.2 million (2009 est.)$762.5 million (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Congo, Democratic Republic of the$22.92 billion (2010 est.)$22.25 billion (2009 est.)$21.64 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Congo, Republic of the$17.45 billion (2010 est.)$15.79 billion (2009 est.)$14.67 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cook Islands$183.2 million (2005 est.)
Costa Rica$51.3 billion (2010 est.)$49.57 billion (2009 est.)$49.91 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cote d'Ivoire$37.8 billion (2010 est.)$36.48 billion (2009 est.)$35.01 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Croatia$78.52 billion (2010 est.)$79.64 billion (2009 est.)$84.54 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Cuba$114.1 billion (2010 est.)$112.4 billion (2009 est.)$110.8 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Curacao$2.838 billion (2008 est.)$2.606 billion (2007 est.)$2.452 billion (2006 est.)note: data are in 2008 US dollars
Cyprus$23.18 billion (2010 est.)$23.04 billion (2009 est.)$23.45 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Czech Republic$261.5 billion (2010 est.)$256.9 billion (2009 est.)$267.9 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Denmark$204.1 billion (2010 est.)$200.5 billion (2009 est.)$210.4 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Djibouti$2.099 billion (2010 est.)$2.003 billion (2009 est.)$1.908 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Dominica$765.4 million (2010 est.)$754.8 million (2009 est.)$757.1 million (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Dominican Republic$84.94 billion (2010 est.)$81.52 billion (2009 est.)$78.76 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Ecuador$114.7 billion (2010 est.)$112 billion (2009 est.)$111.6 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Egypt$500.9 billion (2010 est.)$475.7 billion (2009 est.)$454.8 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
El Salvador$43.98 billion (2010 est.)$43.46 billion (2009 est.)$45.04 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Equatorial Guinea$24.66 billion (2010 est.)$24.18 billion (2009 est.)$22.96 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Eritrea$4.178 billion (2010 est.)$4.017 billion (2009 est.)$3.877 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Estonia$24.53 billion (2010 est.)$24.07 billion (2009 est.)$27.96 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Ethiopia$84.02 billion (2010 est.)$78.52 billion (2009 est.)$72.24 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
European Union$14.89 trillion (2010 est.)$14.64 trillion (2009 est.)$15.27 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)$105.1 million (2002 est.)
Faroe Islands$1.642 billion (2008 est.)
Fiji$3.792 billion (2010 est.)$3.725 billion (2009 est.)$3.821 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Finland$185.4 billion (2010 est.)$181.6 billion (2009 est.)$197.6 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
France$2.16 trillion (2010 est.)$2.126 trillion (2009 est.)$2.18 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
French Polynesia$4.718 billion (2004 est.)$4.58 billion (2003 est.)
Gabon$22.54 billion (2010 est.)$21.39 billion (2009 est.)$21.69 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Gambia, The$3.406 billion (2010 est.)$3.244 billion (2009 est.)$3.073 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Gaza Stripsee entry for West Bank
Georgia$22.32 billion (2010 est.)$21.16 billion (2009 est.)$22.02 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Germany$2.951 trillion (2010 est.)$2.857 trillion (2009 est.)$2.998 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Ghana$38.24 billion (2010 est.)$36.53 billion (2009 est.)$35.09 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Gibraltar$1.106 billion (2006 est.)$1.066 billion (2005 est.)$769 million (2000 est.)
Greece$321.7 billion (2010 est.)$337.9 billion (2009 est.)$344.8 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Greenland$2.03 billion (2008 est.)
Grenada$1.127 billion (2010 est.)$1.118 billion (2009 est.)$1.211 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Guam$2.5 billion (2005 est.)
Guatemala$70.31 billion (2010 est.)$68.8 billion (2009 est.)$68.39 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Guernsey$2.742 billion (2005)
Guinea$10.6 billion (2010 est.)$10.3 billion (2009 est.)$10.67 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Guinea-Bissau$1.769 billion (2010 est.)$1.738 billion (2009 est.)$1.687 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Guyana$5.069 billion (2010 est.)$4.946 billion (2009 est.)$4.834 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Haiti$11.18 billion (2010 est.)$12.15 billion (2009 est.)$11.81 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Holy See (Vatican City)$NA
Honduras$33.77 billion (2010 est.)$32.94 billion (2009 est.)$33.65 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Hong Kong$323.3 billion (2010 est.)$305.9 billion (2009 est.)$314.7 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Hungary$190 billion (2010 est.)$188.5 billion (2009 est.)$201.2 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Iceland$11.86 billion (2010 est.)$12.28 billion (2009 est.)$13.17 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
India$4.046 trillion (2010 est.)$3.736 trillion (2009 est.)$3.478 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Indonesia$1.033 trillion (2010 est.)$974.6 billion (2009 est.)$932.6 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Iran$863.5 billion (2010 est.)$838.3 billion (2009 est.)$825.9 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Iraq$117.7 billion (2010 est.)$111.5 billion (2009 est.)$106.7 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Ireland$174 billion (2010 est.)$175.1 billion (2009 est.)$189.5 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Isle of Man$2.719 billion (2005 est.)
Israel$217.1 billion (2010 est.)$210 billion (2009 est.)$209.6 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Italy$1.782 trillion (2010 est.)$1.763 trillion (2009 est.)$1.857 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Jamaica$23.93 billion (2010 est.)$24.12 billion (2009 est.)$24.81 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Japan$4.338 trillion (2010 est.)$4.211 trillion (2009 est.)$4.442 trillion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars
Jersey$5.1 billion (2005 est.)
Jordan$33.79 billion (2010 est.)$32.74 billion (2009 est.)$31.98 billion (2008 est.)note: data are in 2010 US dollars