Eritreacurrent situation: Eritrea is a source country for men,women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor andcommercial sexual exploitation; each year, large numbers of migrantworkers depart Eritrea in search of work, particularly in the GulfStates, where some likely become victims of forced labor, includingin domestic servitude, or commercial sexual exploitation; thousandsof Eritreans flee the country illegally, mostly to Sudan, Ethiopia,and Kenya where their illegal status makes them vulnerable tosituations of human trafficking; the government remains complicit inconscripting children into military servicetier rating: Tier 3 - the Government of Eritrea does not fullycomply with the minimum standards for the elimination of traffickingand is not making significant efforts to do so; the Eritreangovernment does not operate with transparency and published neitherdata nor statistics regarding its efforts to combat humantrafficking; it did not respond to requests to provide informationfor this report; the government made no known progress inprosecuting and punishing trafficking crimes over the reportingperiod and did not appear to provide any significant assistance tovictims of trafficking during the reporting period (2009)
Fijicurrent situation: Fiji is a source country for childrentrafficked for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation and adestination country for a small number of women from China and Indiatrafficked for the purposes of forced labor and commercial sexualexploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Fiji does not fully comply with theminimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is notmaking significant efforts to do so; the government has demonstratedno action to investigate or prosecute traffickers, assist victims,take steps to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts, or supportany anti-trafficking information or education campaigns; Fiji hasnot ratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2009)
Gaboncurrent situation: Gabon is predominantly a destinationcountry for children trafficked from other African countries for thepurpose of forced labor; girls are primarily trafficked for domesticservitude, forced market vending, forced restaurant labor, andsexual exploitation, while boys are trafficked for forced streethawking and forced labor in small workshopstier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Gabon is on the Tier 2 Watch Listfor its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combathuman trafficking in 2007, particularly in terms of efforts toconvict and punish trafficking offenders; the government has notreported the convictions or sentences of any trafficking offenders;the government did not take steps to reduce demand for commercialsex acts (2008)
Guatemalacurrent situation: Guatemala is a source, transit, anddestination country for Guatemalans and Central Americans traffickedfor the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor;human trafficking is a significant and growing problem in thecountry; Guatemalan women and children are trafficked within thecountry for commercial sexual exploitation, primarily to Mexico andthe United States; Guatemalan men, women, and children are alsotrafficked within the country, and to Mexico and the United States,for forced labortier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - for a second consecutive year,Guatemala is on the Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to provideevidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in persons,particularly with respect to ensuring that trafficking offenders areappropriately prosecuted for their crimes; while prosecutorsinitiated trafficking prosecutions, they continued to face problemsin court with application of Guatemala's comprehensiveanti-trafficking law; the government made modest improvements to itsprotection efforts, but assistance remained inadequate overall in2007 (2008)
Guineacurrent situation: Guinea is a source, transit, anddestination country for men, women, and children trafficked for thepurposes of forced labor and sexual exploitation; the majority ofvictims are children, and internal trafficking is more prevalentthan transnational trafficking; within the country, girls aretrafficked primarily for domestic servitude and sexual exploitation,while boys are trafficked for forced agricultural labor, and asforced beggars, street vendors, shoe shiners, and laborers in goldand diamond mines; some Guinean men are also trafficked foragricultural labor within Guinea; transnationally, girls aretrafficked into Guinea for domestic servitude and likely also forsexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Guinea is on the Tier 2 Watch Listfor its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts toeliminate trafficking over 2006; Guinea demonstrated minimal lawenforcement efforts for a second year in a row, while protectionefforts diminished over efforts in 2006; the government did notreport any trafficking convictions in 2007; due to a lack ofresources, the government does not provide shelter services fortrafficking victims; the government took no measures to reduce thedemand for commercial sexual exploitation (2008)
Guinea-Bissaucurrent situation: Guinea-Bissau is a source countryfor children trafficked primarily for forced begging and forcedagricultural labor to other West African countriestier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - for the second year in a row,Guinea-Bissau is on the Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to combatsevere forms of trafficking in persons, as evidenced by thecontinued failure to pass an anti-trafficking law and inadequateefforts to investigate or prosecute trafficking crimes or convictand punish trafficking offenders (2008)
Guyanacurrent situation: Guyana is a source, transit, anddestination country for men, women, and children trafficked for thepurposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor; mosttrafficking appears to take place in remote mining camps in thecountry's interior; some women and girls are trafficked fromnorthern Brazil; reporting from other nations suggests Guyanesewomen and girls are trafficked for sexual exploitation toneighboring countries and Guyanese men and boys are subject to laborexploitation in construction and agriculture; trafficking victimsfrom Suriname, Brazil, and Venezuela transit Guyana en route toCaribbean destinationstier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - for a second consecutive year,Guyana is on the Tier 2 Watch List for failing to provide evidenceof increasing efforts to combat trafficking, particularly in thearea of law enforcement actions against trafficking offenders; thegovernment has yet to produce an anti-trafficking conviction underthe comprehensive Combating of Trafficking in Persons Act, whichbecame law in 2005; the government operates no shelters fortrafficking victims, but did include limited funding foranti-trafficking NGOs in its 2008 budget; the government did notmake any effort to reduce demand for commercial sex acts during 2007(2008)
Indiacurrent situation: India is a source, destination, and transitcountry for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes offorced labor and commercial sexual exploitation; internal forcedlabor may constitute India's largest trafficking problem; men,women, and children are held in debt bondage and face forced laborworking in brick kilns, rice mills, agriculture, and embroideryfactories; women and girls are trafficked within the country for thepurposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced marriage;children are subjected to forced labor as factory workers, domesticservants, beggars, and agriculture workers, and have been used asarmed combatants by some terrorist and insurgent groups; India isalso a destination for women and girls from Nepal and Bangladeshtrafficked for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation; Indianwomen are trafficked to the Middle East for commercial sexualexploitation; men and women from Bangladesh and Nepal are traffickedthrough India for forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation inthe Middle Easttier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - India is on the Tier 2 Watch Listfor a fifth consecutive year for its failure to provide evidence ofincreasing efforts to combat human trafficking in 2007; despite thereported extent of the trafficking crisis in India, governmentauthorities made uneven efforts to prosecute traffickers and protecttrafficking victims; government authorities continued to rescuevictims of commercial sexual exploitation and forced child labor andchild armed combatants, and began to show progress in lawenforcement against these forms of trafficking; a critical challengeoverall is the lack of punishment for traffickers, effectivelyresulting in impunity for acts of human trafficking; India has notratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2008)
Irancurrent situation: Iran is a source, transit, and destinationcountry for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes ofsexual exploitation and involuntary servitude; Iranian women aretrafficked internally for the purpose of forced prostitution and forforced marriages to settle debts; Iranian and Afghan children livingin Iran are trafficked internally for the purpose of forcedmarriages, commercial sexual exploitation and involuntary servitudeas beggars or laborers to pay debts, provide income or support drugaddiction of their families; press reports indicate that criminalorganizations play a significant role in human trafficking to andfrom Iran, in connection with smuggling of migrants, drugs, and armstier rating: Tier 3 - Iran did not provide evidence of lawenforcement activities against trafficking, and credible reportsindicate that Iranian authorities' response is not sufficient topenalize offenders, protect victims, and eliminate trafficking; someaspects of Iranian law and policy hinder efforts to combattrafficking including punishment of victims and legal obstacles topunishing offenders; Iran has not ratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol(2009)
Korea, Northcurrent situation: North Korea is a source country formen, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced laborand commercial sexual exploitation; the most common form oftrafficking involves North Korean women and girls who cross theborder into China voluntarily; additionally, North Korean women andgirls are lured out of North Korea to escape poor social andeconomic conditions by the promise of food, jobs, and freedom, onlyto be forced into prostitution, marriage, or exploitative laborarrangements once in Chinatier rating: Tier 3 - North Korea does not fully comply with minimumstandards for the elimination of trafficking and is not makingsignificant efforts to do so; the government does not acknowledgethe existence of human rights abuses in the country or recognizetrafficking, either within the country or transnationally; NorthKorea has not ratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2008)
Kuwaitcurrent situation: Kuwait is a destination country for menand women who migrate legally from South and Southeast Asia fordomestic or low-skilled labor, but are subjected to conditions ofinvoluntary servitude by employers in Kuwait including conditions ofphysical and sexual abuse, non-payment of wages, confinement to thehome, and withholding of passports to restrict their freedom ofmovement; Kuwait is reportedly a transit point for South and EastAsian workers recruited for low-skilled work in Iraq; some of theseworkers are deceived as to the true location and nature of thiswork, and others are subjected to conditions of involuntaryservitude in Iraqtier rating: Tier 3 - Kuwaiti government has shown an inability todefine trafficking and has demonstrated insufficient political willto address human trafficking adequately; much of the humantrafficking found in Kuwait involves domestic workers in privateresidences and the government is reluctant to prosecute Kuwaiticitizens; the government has not enacted legislation targeting humantrafficking nor established a permanent shelter for victims oftrafficking (2009)
Libyacurrent situation: Libya is a transit and destination countryfor men and women from sub-Saharan Africa and Asia trafficked forthe purposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Libya is on the Tier 2 Watch Listfor its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to addresstrafficking in persons in 2007 when compared to 2006, particularlyin the area of investigating and prosecuting trafficking offenses;Libya did not publicly release any data on investigations orpunishment of any trafficking offenses (2008)
Malaysiacurrent situation: Malaysia is a destination and, to alesser extent, a source and transit country for women and childrentrafficked for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation, andmen, women, and children for forced labor; Malaysia is mainly adestination country for men, women, and children who migratewillingly from South and Southeast Asia to work, some of whom aresubjected to conditions of involuntary servitude by Malaysianemployers in the domestic, agricultural, construction, plantation,and industrial sectors; to a lesser extent, some Malaysian women,primarily of Chinese ethnicity, are trafficked abroad for commercialsexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the Government of Malaysia does notfully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, despitesome progress in enforcing the 2007 comprehensive anti-traffickinglaw; it has yet to fully address labor trafficking in Malaysia;there are credible allegations of involvement of Malaysianimmigration officials in trafficking and extorting Burmese refugees;the government did not develop mechanisms to effectively screenvictims of trafficking in vulnerable groups and condones theconfiscation of passports of migrant workers by employers (2009)
Mauritaniacurrent situation: Mauritania is a source and destinationcountry for children trafficked for forced labor and sexualexploitation; slavery-related practices, rooted in ancestralmaster-slave relationships, continue to exist in isolated parts ofthe country; Mauritanian boys called talibe are trafficked withinthe country by religious teachers for forced begging; children arealso trafficked by street gangs within the country that force themto steal, beg, and sell drugs; girls are trafficked internally fordomestic servitude and sexual exploitation; women and children fromneighboring states are trafficked into Mauritania for purposes offorced begging, domestic servitude, and sexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 3 - the Government of Mauritania does not fullycomply with the minimum standards for the elimination of traffickingand is not making significant efforts to do so; the government didnot show evidence of overall progress in prosecuting and punishingtrafficking offenders, protecting trafficking victims, andpreventing new incidents of trafficking during the past year;progress that the previous government demonstrated in 2007 throughenactment of strengthened anti-slavery legislation and deepenedpolitical will to eliminate slavery and trafficking has stalled; lawenforcement efforts to address human trafficking includingtraditional slavery practices decreased (2009)
Moldovacurrent situation: Moldova is a major source and, to alesser extent, a transit country for women and girls trafficked forthe purpose of commercial sexual exploitation; Moldovan women aretrafficked to the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe;girls and young women are trafficked within the country from ruralareas to Chisinau; children are also trafficked to neighboringcountries for forced labor and begging; labor trafficking of men towork in the construction, agriculture, and service sectors of Russiais increasingly a problem; according to an ILO report, Moldova'snational Bureau of Statistics estimated that there were likely over25,000 Moldovan victims of trafficking for forced labor in 2008tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - The Government of Moldova does notfully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so;despite initial efforts to combat trafficking-related complicitysince the government's reassessment on the Tier 2 Watch List inSeptember 2008, and increased victim assistance, the government didnot demonstrate sufficiently meaningful efforts to curbtrafficking-related corruption, which is a government-acknowledgedproblem in Moldova; the government improved victim protectionefforts, deployed more law-enforcement officers in the effort andcontributed direct financial assistance toward victim protection andassistance for the first time (2010)
Nigercurrent situation: Niger is a source, transit, and destinationcountry for children and women trafficked for forced labor andsexual exploitation; caste-based slavery practices, rooted inancestral master-slave relationships, continue in isolated areas ofthe country - an estimated 8,800 to 43,000 Nigeriens live underconditions of traditional slavery; children are trafficked withinNiger for forced begging, forced labor in gold mines, domesticservitude, sexual exploitation, and possibly for forced labor inagriculture and stone quarries; women and children from neighboringstates are trafficked to and through Niger for domestic servitude,sexual exploitation, forced labor in mines and on farms, and asmechanics and welderstier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the Government of Niger does notfully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking and is not making any significant efforts to do so; thegovernment demonstrated marginal efforts to combat humantrafficking, including traditional slavery, during the last year(2009)
Papua New Guineacurrent situation: Papua New Guinea is a country ofdestination for women and children from Malaysia, the Philippines,Thailand, and China trafficked for the purpose of commercial sexualexploitation; internal trafficking of women and children for thepurposes of sexual exploitation and involuntary domestic servitudeoccurs as welltier rating: Tier 3 - Papua New Guinea does not fully comply withthe minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is notmaking significant efforts to do so; the current legal frameworkdoes not contain elements of crimes that characterize trafficking;the government lacks victim protection services or a systematicprocedure to identify victims of trafficking; the government did notprosecute anyone in 2007 for trafficking; Papua New Guinea has notratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2008)
Qatarcurrent situation: Qatar is a destination country for men andwomen from South and Southeast Asia who migrate willingly, but aresubsequently trafficked into involuntary servitude as domesticworkers and laborers, and, to a lesser extent, commercial sexualexploitation; the most common offense was forcing workers to acceptworse contract terms than those under which they were recruited;other conditions include bonded labor, withholding of pay,restrictions on movement, arbitrary detention, and physical, mental,and sexual abusetier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the Government of Qatar does notfully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; inFebruary 2009, Qatar enacted a new migrant worker sponsorship lawthat criminalizes some practices commonly used by traffickingoffenders, and it announced plans to use that law effectively toprevent human trafficking; punishment for offenses related totrafficking in persons remains lower than that for crimes such asrape and kidnapping, and the Qatari government has yet to takesignificant action to investigate, prosecute, and punish traffickingoffenses; the government continues to lack formal victimidentification procedures and, as a result, victims of traffickingare likely punished for acts committed as a direct result of beingtrafficked (2009)
Russiacurrent situation: Russia is a source, transit, anddestination country for men, women, and children trafficked forvarious purposes; it remains a significant source of womentrafficked to over 50 countries for commercial sexual exploitation;Russia is also a transit and destination country for men and womentrafficked from Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and North Korea toCentral and Western Europe and the Middle East for purposes offorced labor and sexual exploitation; internal trafficking remains aproblem in Russia with women trafficked from rural areas to urbancenters for commercial sexual exploitation, and men traffickedinternally and from Central Asia for forced labor in theconstruction and agricultural industries; debt bondage is commonamong trafficking victims, and child sex tourism remains a concerntier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Russia is on the Tier 2 Watch Listfor a fifth consecutive year for its failure to show evidence ofincreasing efforts to combat trafficking over the previous year,particularly in providing assistance to victims of trafficking;comprehensive trafficking victim assistance legislation, which wouldaddress key deficiencies, has been pending before the Duma since2003 and was neither passed nor enacted in 2007 (2008)
Saudi Arabiacurrent situation: Saudi Arabia is a destinationcountry for workers from South and Southeast Asia who are subjectedto conditions that constitute involuntary servitude including beingsubjected to physical and sexual abuse, non-payment of wages,confinement, and withholding of passports as a restriction on theirmovement; domestic workers are particularly vulnerable because someare confined to the house in which they work unable to seek help;Saudi Arabia is also a destination country for Nigerian, Yemeni,Pakistani, Afghan, Somali, Malian, and Sudanese children traffickedfor forced begging and involuntary servitude as street vendors; someNigerian women were reportedly trafficked into Saudi Arabia forcommercial sexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 3 - Saudi Arabia does not fully comply with theminimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is notmaking significant efforts to do so; the government continues tolack adequate anti-trafficking laws and, despite evidence ofwidespread trafficking abuses, did not report any criminalprosecutions, convictions, or prison sentences for traffickingcrimes committed against foreign domestic workers (2008)
Sri Lankacurrent situation: Sri Lanka is a source and destinationcountry for men and women trafficked for the purposes of involuntaryservitude and commercial sexual exploitation; Sri Lankan men andwomen migrate willingly to the Persian Gulf, Middle East, and EastAsia to work as construction workers, domestic servants, or garmentfactory workers, where some find themselves in situations ofinvoluntary servitude when faced with restrictions on movement,withholding of passports, threats, physical or sexual abuse, anddebt bondage; children are trafficked internally for commercialsexual exploitation and, less frequently, for forced labortier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - for a fourth consecutive year, SriLanka is on the Tier 2 Watch List for failing to provide evidence ofincreasing efforts to combat severe forms of human trafficking,particularly in the area of law enforcement; the government failedto arrest, prosecute, or convict any person for trafficking offensesand continued to punish some victims of trafficking for crimescommitted as a result of being trafficked; Sri Lanka has notratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2008)
Sudancurrent situation: Sudan is a source country for men, women,and children trafficked internally for the purposes of forced laborand sexual exploitation; Sudan is also a transit and destinationcountry for Ethiopian women trafficked abroad for domesticservitude; Sudanese women and girls are trafficked within thecountry as well as possibly to Middle Eastern countries for domesticservitude; the terrorist rebel organization, Lord's Resistance Army,continues to harbor small numbers of Sudanese and Ugandan childrenin the southern part of the country for use as cooks, porters, andcombatants; some of these children are also trafficked acrossborders into Uganda or the Democratic Republic of the Congo; militiagroups in Darfur, some of which are linked to the government, abductwomen for short periods of forced labor and to perpetrate sexualviolence; during the two decades-long north-south civil war,thousands of Dinka women and children were abducted and subsequentlyenslaved by members of the Missiriya and Rezeigat tribes; whilethere have been no known new abductions of Dinka by members ofBaggara tribes in the last few years, inter-tribal abductionscontinue in southern Sudantier rating: Tier 3 - Sudan does not fully comply with the minimumstandards for the elimination of trafficking and is not makingsignificant efforts to do so; combating human trafficking throughlaw enforcement or prevention measures was not a priority for thegovernment in 2007 (2008)
Swazilandcurrent situation: Swaziland is a source, destination, andtransit country for women and children trafficked internally andtransnationally for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation,domestic servitude, and forced labor in agriculture; Swazi girls,particularly orphans, are trafficked internally for commercialsexual exploitation and domestic servitude, as well as to SouthAfrica and Mozambique; Swazi boys are trafficked for forced labor incommercial agriculture and market vending; some Swazi women areforced into prostitution in South Africa and Mozambique aftervoluntarily migrating to these countries in search of worktier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the government of Swaziland doesnot comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; thegovernment believes that trafficking probably does occur, but doesnot know the extent of the problem; the government does not judgetrafficking to be an "important" problem and chooses to direct itslimited resources towards other issues, a judgment whichsignificantly limited the government's current efforts to eliminatehuman trafficking, or to plan anti-trafficking activities orinitiatives for the future (2010)
Syriacurrent situation: Syria is a destination and transit countryfor women and children trafficked for commercial sexual exploitationand forced labor; a significant number of women and children in thelarge and expanding Iraqi refugee community in Syria are reportedlyforced into commercial sexual exploitation by Iraqi gangs or, insome cases, their families; women from Indonesia, Sri Lanka, thePhilippines, Ethiopia, and Sierra Leone are recruited for work inSyria as domestic servants, but some face conditions of involuntaryservitude, including long hours, non-payment of wages, withholdingof passports, restrictions on movement, threats, and physical orsexual abusetier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Syria again failed to report anylaw enforcement efforts to punish trafficking offenses in 2007; inaddition, the government did not offer protection services tovictims of trafficking and may have arrested, prosecuted, ordeported some victims for prostitution or immigration violations;Syria has not ratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2008)
Tajikistancurrent situation: Tajikistan is a source country forwomen trafficked through Kyrgyzstan and Russia to the UAE, Turkey,and Russia for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation; menare trafficked to Russia and Kazakhstan for the purpose of forcedlabor, primarily in the construction and agricultural industries;boys and girls are trafficked internally for various purposes,including forced labor and forced beggingtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Tajikistan is on the Tier 2 WatchList for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts tocombat human trafficking, especially efforts to investigate,prosecute, convict, and sentence traffickers; despite evidence oflow- and mid-level officials' complicity in trafficking, thegovernment did not punish any public officials for traffickingcomplicity during 2007; lack of capacity and poor coordinationbetween government institutions remained key obstacles to effectiveanti-trafficking efforts (2008)
Uzbekistancurrent situation: Uzbekistan is a source country forwomen and girls trafficked to Kazakhstan, Russia, Middle East, andAsia for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation; men aretrafficked to Kazakhstan and Russia for purposes of forced labor inthe construction, cotton, and tobacco industries; men and women arealso trafficked internally for the purposes of domestic servitude,forced labor in the agricultural and construction industries, andfor commercial sexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Uzbekistan is on the Tier 2 WatchList for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts tocombat severe forms of trafficking in 2007; the government did notamend its criminal code to increase penalties for convictedtraffickers; in March 2008, Uzbekistan adopted ILO Conventions onminimum age of employment and on the elimination of the worst formsof child labor and is working with the ILO on implementation; thegovernment also demonstrated its increasing commitment to combattrafficking in March 2008 by adopting a comprehensiveanti-trafficking law; Uzbekistan has not ratified the 2000 UN TIPProtocol (2008)
Venezuelacurrent situation: Venezuela is a source, transit, anddestination country for men, women, and children trafficked for thepurposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor;Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked within the country forsexual exploitation, lured from the nation's interior to urban andtourist areas; child prostitution in urban areas and child sextourism in resort destinations appear to be growing; Venezuelanwomen and girls are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation toWestern Europe, Mexico, and Caribbean destinationstier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Venezuela is placed on the Tier 2Watch List, up from Tier 3, as it showed greater resolve to addresstrafficking through law enforcement measures and prevention effortsin 2007, although stringent punishment of offenders and victimassistance remain lacking (2008)
Worldcurrent situation: approximately 800,000 people, mostly womenand children, are trafficked annually across national borders, notincluding millions trafficked within their own countries; at least80% of the victims are female and up to 50% are minors; 75% of allvictims are trafficked into commercial sexual exploitation; almosttwo-thirds of the global victims are trafficked intra-regionallywithin East Asia and the Pacific (260,000 to 280,000 people) andEurope and Eurasia (170,000 to 210,000 people)Tier 2 Watch List: Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bahrain,Bangladesh, Belize, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central AfricanRepublic, China, Cote d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo,Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, FederatedStates of Micronesia, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea,Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, India, Iraq, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya,Mali, Moldova, Montenegro, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar,Republic of the Congo, Russia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Senegal, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, YemenTier 3: Burma, Chad, Cuba, Eritrea, Fiji, Iran, Kuwait, Malaysia,Mauritania, Niger, North Korea, Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia,Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Zimbabwe (2009)
Zimbabwecurrent situation: Zimbabwe is a source, transit, anddestination country for men, women, and children trafficked for thepurposes of forced labor and sexual exploitation; large scalemigration of Zimbabweans to surrounding countries - as they flee aprogressively more desperate situation at home - has increased;rural Zimbabwean men, women, and children are trafficked internallyto farms for agricultural labor and domestic servitude and to citiesfor domestic labor and commercial sexual exploitation; NGOs believeinternal trafficking increased during the year, largely due to theclosure of schools, worsening political violence, and a falteringeconomy; young men and boys are trafficked to South Africa for farmwork, often laboring for months in South Africa without pay before"employers" have them arrested and deported as illegal immigrants;young women and girls are lured abroad with false employment offersthat result in involuntary domestic servitude or commercial sexualexploitation; men, women, and children from neighboring states aretrafficked through Zimbabwe en route to South Africatier rating: Tier 3 - the Government of Zimbabwe does not fullycomply with the minimum standards for the elimination of traffickingand is not making significant efforts to do so; the government mademinimal progress in combating trafficking in 2008, and members ofits military and the former ruling party's youth militiasperpetrated acts of trafficking on local populations;anti-trafficking efforts were further weakened as it failed toaddress Zimbabwe's economic and social problems during the reportingperiod, thus increasing the population's vulnerability totrafficking within and outside of the country (2009)
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Field Listing :: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home
This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares. Country Comparison to the World Country
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home
Algeria$19.34 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$17.34 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Angola$91.55 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$79.88 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Argentina$86.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$80.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Australia$329.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$295.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Austria$290.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$286.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Azerbaijan$8.918 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$8.318 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bahrain$15.77 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$15 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bangladesh$6.72 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$5.617 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Belgium$741.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$705.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bermuda$NA
Bolivia$NA (31 December 2009)$5.998 billion (31 December 2008)
Brazil$349.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$319.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bulgaria$51.28 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$49.28 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Canada$528.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$494.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Cayman Islands$NA
Chad$NA (31 December 2010)$4.5 billion (2006 est.)
Chile$136.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$121.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
China$574.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$473.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Colombia$84.62 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$75.22 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Costa Rica$13.92 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$12.17 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire$NA
Croatia$34.63 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$32.13 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Cuba$NA (31 December 2009 est.)
Cyprus$29.36 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$26.61 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Czech Republic$126.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$121.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Denmark$149.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$144.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Dominican Republic$19.45 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$17.95 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ecuador$12.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$11.95 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Egypt$72.41 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$66.71 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
El Salvador$7.522 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$7.132 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Estonia$17.53 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$16.23 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
European Union$NA
Fiji$NA
Finland$87.99 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$85.71 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
France$1.207 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.151 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Germany$1.057 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.054 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ghana$NA
Greece$48.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$44.93 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Hong Kong$962.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$912.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Hungary$72.61 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$70.41 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Iceland$NA (31 December 2010)$9.2 billion (#REF!)
India$191.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$157.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Indonesia$81.21 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$72.84 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Iran$16.82 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$15.13 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ireland$221.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$198.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Israel$64.82 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$58.82 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Italy$405.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$368.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Japan$161.4 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$147.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Jordan$22.19 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$19.76 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kazakhstan$83.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$69.46 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kenya$2.337 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$2.129 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Korea, South$112.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$110.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kosovo$21.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$21.32 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kuwait$1.281 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.081 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kyrgyzstan$NA (31 December 2009 est.)
Latvia$11.71 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$11.61 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Lebanon$NA
Liberia$NA
Libya$18.64 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$15.56 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Lithuania$14.11 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$13.81 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Luxembourg$NA (31 December 2009 est.)$11.21 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
Macau$13.6 billion (2008 est.)$11.1 billion (#REF! est.)
Macedonia$3.528 billion (31 October 2009 est.)$3.357 billion (2007 est.)
Madagascar$NA
Malawi$NA
Malaysia$77.44 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$74.64 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Malta$8.24 billion (31 December 2009)
Mauritius$NA
Mexico$328.4 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$308.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Moldova$NA (31 December 2010)$1.813 billion (2008)
Mongolia$NA
Morocco$42.19 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$40.72 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Namibia$NA
Nepal$NA
Netherlands$687.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$654.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
New Zealand$67.18 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$66.63 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Nigeria$67.23 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$61.23 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Norway$132.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$128.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Oman$NA
Pakistan$30.09 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$28.09 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Panama$NA
Papua New Guinea$NA
Paraguay$2.153 million (31 December 2008)$2.057 million (31 December 2007)
Peru$43.47 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$36.91 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Philippines$24.94 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$22.44 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Poland$198.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$182.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Portugal$105.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$102.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Qatar$26.38 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$20.75 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Romania$80.16 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$73.96 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Russia$306.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$256.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Saudi Arabia$204.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$167 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Serbia$23.52 billion (31 December 2009 est.)$11.95 billion (2006 est.)
Singapore$274.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$260.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Slovakia$52.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$50.26 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Slovenia$15.73 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$15.13 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
South Africa$83.08 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$73.61 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Spain$668.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$664 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Sri Lanka$NA
Swaziland$NA
Sweden$321.4 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$304.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Switzerland$514 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$496.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Taiwan$65.38 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$107.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Tajikistan$100.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)$93.05 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
Tanzania$NA
Thailand$117.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$109.6 billion (31 December 2009)
Trinidad and Tobago$102 billion (31 December 2008 est.)$12.44 billion (2007)
Tunisia$33.56 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$31.86 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Turkey$84.45 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$174 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
Uganda$NA
Ukraine$52.31 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$46.81 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
United Arab Emirates$76.38 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$70.18 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
United Kingdom$1.169 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.125 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
United States$2.581 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$2.41 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Uruguay$NA (31 December 2010)$4.19 billion (2007)
Uzbekistan$NA
Venezuela$37.71 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$41.21 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Vietnam$59.52 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$49.92 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
World$17.53 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$16.51 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Yemen$NA
Zambia$NA
Zimbabwe$NA
======================================================================
@2199
Field Listing :: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad
This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investmentsin foreign countries made directly by residents - primarilycompanies - of the home country, as of the end of the time periodindicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase ofshares.Country Comparison to the WorldCountry
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad
Algeria$1.844 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.644 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Angola$4.883 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$3.933 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Argentina$30.16 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$29.46 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Australia$245.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$221.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Austria$297.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$290.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Azerbaijan$6.058 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$5.558 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bahrain$8.399 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$7.549 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bangladesh$82 million (31 December 2010 est.)$81 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Belgium$632.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$595.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bermuda$NA
Bolivia$NA (31 December 2010)$63.8 million (31 December 2008)
Brazil$131 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$117.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Bulgaria$1.372 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.194 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Canada$602.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$576.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Cayman Islands$NA
Chad$NA
Chile$51.15 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$41.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
China$278.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$229.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Colombia$19.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$16.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Costa Rica$547 million (31 December 2010 est.)$539 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire$NA
Croatia$6.334 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$5.934 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Cuba$4.138 billion (2006 est.)
Cyprus$16.57 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$15.79 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Czech Republic$15.85 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$14.35 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Denmark$199.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$186.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Dominican Republic$NA (31 December 2010 est.)$59 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Ecuador$NA (31 December 2010 est.)$8.019 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Egypt$4.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$4.272 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
El Salvador$273 million (31 December 2010 est.)$333 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Estonia$7.134 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$6.534 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Fiji$NA
Finland$122.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$118.7 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
France$1.837 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.711 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Germany$1.484 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.46 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ghana$NA
Greece$38.66 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$40.45 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Hong Kong$873.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$834.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Hungary$20.48 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$19.41 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Iceland$NA$8.8 billion (31 December 2008)
India$89.04 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$76.62 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Indonesia$33.71 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$30.18 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Iran$2.075 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.825 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ireland$192.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$180.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Israel$58.42 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$55.02 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Italy$601.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$555.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Japan$831.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$738.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Jordan$NA
Kazakhstan$7.208 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$5.708 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kenya$338 million (31 December 2010 est.)$288 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Korea, South$115.6 billion (31 December 2009)$74.6 billion (30 June 2008)
Kuwait$44.31 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$34.73 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Kyrgyzstan$NA
Latvia$1.097 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.037 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Lebanon$NA
Liberia$NA
Libya$15.32 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$13.92 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Lithuania$2.507 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$2.307 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Luxembourg$NA
Macau$980 million (2009 est.)$1 billion (2008 est.)
Macedonia$NA
Madagascar$NA
Malawi$NA
Malaysia$82.65 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$75.62 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Malta$NA
Mauritius$NA
Mexico$62.93 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$53.46 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Moldova$NA
Mongolia$NA
Morocco$1.047 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.333 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Namibia$NA
Nepal$NA
Netherlands$950.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$932.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
New Zealand$NA (31 December 2009)$59.08 billion (31 December 2008)
Nigeria$6.071 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$5.821 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Norway$226.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$206 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Oman$NA
Pakistan$1.047 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.017 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Panama$NA
Papua New Guinea$NA
Paraguay$NA
Peru$2.12 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.88 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Philippines$6.591 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$6.191 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Poland$30.71 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$26.21 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Portugal$63.64 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$63.64 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Qatar$19.49 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$14.27 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Romania$1.831 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.731 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Russia$260.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$224.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Saudi Arabia$18 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$11.41 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Serbia$NA
Singapore$172.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$167.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Slovakia$2.643 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$2.743 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Slovenia$9.001 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$7.901 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
South Africa$53.38 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$51.58 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Spain$641 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$634.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Sri Lanka$NA
Swaziland$NA
Sweden$383.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$367.4 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Switzerland$814.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$806.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Taiwan$122.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$145.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Tajikistan$18.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$16.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Tanzania$NA
Thailand$20.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$18.2 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago$3.829 billion (2007)
Tunisia$251 million (31 December 2010 est.)$233 million (31 December 2009 est.)
Turkey$16.42 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$15.42 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Uganda$NA
Ukraine$2.327 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$2.067 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
United Arab Emirates$54.91 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$51.41 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
United Kingdom$1.705 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$1.652 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
United States$3.597 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$3.367 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Uruguay$156 million (2007 est.)
Uzbekistan$NA
Venezuela$20.97 billion (31 December 2010 est.)$17.67 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Vietnam$7.7 billion (31 December 2009 est.)$NA (31 December 2008)
World$18.19 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)$17.28 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Zambia$NA
Zimbabwe$NA
======================================================================
@2200
Field Listing :: Market value of publicly traded shares
This entry gives the value of shares issued by publicly traded companies at a price determined in the national stock markets on the final day of the period indicated. It is simply the latest price per share multiplied by the total number of outstanding shares, cumulated over all companies listed on the particular exchange. Country Comparison to the World Country
Market value of publicly traded shares
Afghanistan$NA
Albania$NA
Algeria$NA
Argentina$48.93 billion (31 December 2009)$52.31 billion (31 December 2008)$86.68 billion (31 December 2007)
Armenia$140.5 million (31 December 2009)$176 million (31 December 2008)$105 million (31 December 2007)
Australia$1.258 trillion (31 December 2009)$675.6 billion (31 December 2008)$1.298 trillion (31 December 2007)
Austria$53.58 billion (31 December 2009)$72.3 billion (31 December 2008)$228.7 billion (31 December 2007)
Azerbaijan$NA
Bahamas, The$NA
Bahrain$16.93 billion (31 December 2009)$21.18 billion (31 December 2008)$28.13 billion (31 December 2007)
Bangladesh$7.068 billion (31 December 2009)$6.671 billion (31 December 2008)$6.793 billion (31 December 2007)
Barbados$NA (31 December 2009)$4.964 billion (31 December 2008)$5.599 billion (31 December 2007)
Belarus$NA
Belgium$261.4 billion (31 December 2009)$167.4 billion (31 December 2008)$386.4 billion (31 December 2007)
Belize$NA
Benin$NA
Bermuda$1.36 billion (31 December 2009)$1.912 billion (31 December 2008)$2.731 billion (31 December 2007)