—, —, in France, xxi, 56; xxiii, 388.
—, —, in New Holland, xx, 380.
—, —, bank of the Susquehannah, xxxix, 399.
—, —, at Lanark, Upper Canada, ix, 354.
Cavolinite, xi, 259.f
Celestine, analysis of, vii, 369.
—, of Lake Erie, ii, 241, (called heavy spar);
–iii, 363; iv, 279.
— — —, analysis of,G. T. Bowen, iv, 324.
—, of Sicily, viii, 205.
Cellules, germination of,M. Vogt, xlv, 213.
Celtic antiquities of America,J. Finch, vii, 149.
Cement,fusible,H. F. Löwitz, xvii, 81.f
—, Roman, ix, 192.
—, of Seyssel, xxxiv, 383.
—, for glass, &c., xxiii, 201.
—, for porcelain, &c., xviii, 145; xxi, 149.
—, for iron water pipes, xviii, 394.
—, as a covering of houses, ii, 220.
—, from shells and oil, xxx, 168.
—, from iron filings, xix, 190.
—, water, lime for, iii, 230.
—, —, from Southington, Ct., xiii, 382.
—, of the Castle Rock, Quebec,F. H. Baddeley, xxviii, 367.
—,Fuchson, xxxii, 200.
Census, earliest, of the U. States, xxxiii, 278.
Central forces,T. Strong, xvi, 293; xvii, 69, 329; xviii, 67; xix, 46; xx, 65, 291; xxi, 66, 334; xxii, 132, 343; xxiv, 40.
Cerium, atomic weight of, xlvii, 190.
—, and didymium, method of separating the oxides of, xlvi, 206.
Cetine, a new carburetted hydrogen, xxx, 180.
Ceylon, mineralogy of, vi, 192.
—, notices of, viii, 186.
Chabazite, analysis of,C. Cramer, xxx, 366.
—, localities of, in Canada, viii, 65.
—, in Connecticut, xxxv, 179.
—, in Massachusetts, i, 114, 134; vi, 224; vii, 254; viii, 45.
—, in New Jersey, v, 239; xliv, 58.
—, in New York, ix, 41.
—, in Nova Scotia, xxx, 349.
—, in Pennsylvania, xiv, 7.
—, supposed, from Maryland, near Baltimore, (Haydenite,) i, 307; xlvi, 379.f
Chæropotamus, xxxvii, 231.
Chalcedony, stalactites of, New South Shetland, iv, 26.
—, localities of, in the U. States, i, 132, 134; ii, 197; iii, 71; vii, 49; viii, 64; x, 219, 224; xviii, 78.
Chalk, coralline animalcules in, xxxix, 205.
—, corals and entomostraca in, xxx, 382.
—, of France, viii, 216.
—, see farther,Cretaceous.
Chalybeate waters, action of cork on, viii, 390.
— —, artificial mode of making, viii, 105; xi, 392.
Chameleon, change of color, xxviii, 79.
Champion, G., geology, scenery, &c., of the Cape of Good Hope, xxix, 230.
Channing, W. F., observations on photographic processes, xliii, 73.
Chapin, A. B., junction of trap and sandstone, at Wallingford, Ct., xxvii, 104.f
Chaptal, J. A., biography of, xxvi, 127.
Charcoal,remarks on, xii, 389.
—, manufacture of, xxi, 156.
—, a cheap mode of manufacturing, xxvi, 188.
—, decoloring action of, xvi, 393.
—, bitterness of some substances removed by, xxi, 374.
—, report on Dumont's prepared, xxiii, 346.f
—, animal, effect of, in preventing the putrefaction of stagnant water, x, 189.
—, —, action of,R. Warrington, xlix, 393.
—, fusion of,B. Silliman, v, 108, 361; vi, 341, 349, 378; viii, 147; x, 109, 119.
—, —,J. Griscom, v, 364.
—, —,R. Hare, viii, 288; x, 111, 118; xxxviii, 190.
—, —,L. Vanuxem, viii, 292; x, 102.
Charlatanism, or selling pharmaceutical preparations under false denominations, in Paris, xviii, 401.
Charring wood, new mode of, byI. Doolittle, xvii, 395.f
— — at low temperatures, xx, 189.
Chart, magnetic, of the U. States,E. Loomis, xxxiv, 290f; xxxix, 41.f
Chathamite, xlvii, 350; xlviii, 175, 179.
Chauvenet, W., solution of a problem in sailing, xlvi, 79.
Cheirotherium, footprints of, in England, xxxvi, 394, 397; xxxvii, 223.
Chemical attraction, modified by quantity of matter,E. Mitchell, xvi, 234.
— classification,O. W. Gibbs, xlix, 384.
— equivalents, Wollaston's scale of, xvi, 371.
— —, scale of, improved, byL. C. BeckandJ. Henry, xiv, 202.
— —, circular scale of,J. Finch, xviii, 196.
— examination of some morbid animal products,J. F. Dana, iv, 149.
— —, of the odorous fluid of the skunk, iv, 391.
— force of the indigo-tithonic rays, instrument for measuring,J. W. Draper, xlvi, 217.f
— manipulation, washing bottle in, xxxi, 292.f
— nomenclature,Berzeliuson, xxii, 248.
— —,R. Hare, xxvii, 63; xlix, 249.
— science, state of, in 1826,D. Olmsted, xi, 349; xii, 1.
— symbols,Whewell's, xxi, 369.
— theory, and a notice of Gorham's Chemistry, iii, 330.
Chemistry,Dumas'stheory of substitution in, xxxviii, 114.
—, remarks on Berzelius's treatise,R. Hare, xxvii, 61.
—, Gorham's, notice of, iii, 330.
Cheese, potato, xviii, 395; xxiii, 202.
Chené, and the oil it affords, ii, 264.
Chert and siliceous petrifactions, Antigua,S. Hovey, xxxv, 79.
Chevallier, A., on the uses of chlorides and chlorine, xxiii, 129.
Chevet, F., experiments on bichloruret of sulphur, and certain carburets of hydrogen, xlii, 71.
Chiastolite,analysis of, xxviii, 395.
—, in Massachusetts, vii, 51.
—, in Vermont and New Hampshire, v, 40.
Chile,Barteroon some of the plants of, translated byW. S. W. Ruschenberger, xix, 63, 299; xx, 248; xxiii, 78, 250.
—, on the rise of the coast of, xxviii, 236; xxx, 110.
Chilton, G., improved raingauge, vii, 326.f
—, analyses of the principal brine springs of New York, vii, 345.
—, analysis of the Clinton mineral water, xviii, 346.
Chiltonite, a variety of prehnite, xlvi, 32.
Chimneys, moveable hood for, xxx, 170.f
China, on the language of,Du Ponceau, xxxviii, 398.
Chinese collection,Dunn, xxxv, 391.
—, fire, composition and properties of,J. Cutbush, vii, 118.
—, dictionary, byMorrison, iii, 377.
—, epicures, tongues of ducks eaten by, xxxi, 193.
—, frontier, notice of, xvii, 32.
—, metallic alloy calledpackfong, composition of, xv, 396.
—, paper, xiii, 171.
—, process for making sheet lead, vii, 391.
—, tea hills, excursion to, xxxi, 194.
Chios, college of, iii, 381.
Chipman, N., on moving stones in lakes and ponds, xiv, 303.
Chitteningo fossil tree, v, 251; xviii, 354.
Chlorate of potash, economical process for,A. A. Hayes, xvii, 408.
— —, as made byS. Guthrie, xxi, 92.
Chloric ether, new mode of preparing,S. Guthrie, xxi, 64; xxii, 105.
— —, properties and medical effects of, xxi, 405.
— —, preparation of,A. A. Hayes, xxii, 163.
Chlorine, theory of, ii, 362.
—, controversy regarding the nature of, xvii, 230.
—,Davy'sviews respecting, xvii 230.
—, atomic weight of, xlvii, 188.
—, allotropism of, as connected with the theory of substitution,J. W. Draper, xlix, 346.f
—, an antidote to prussic acid xxi, 157.
—, explosive reaction of, with hydrogen,R. Hare, xxix, 243.f
—, — —, —, iii, 341.
—, a remedy in phthisis, xviii, 161.
—, remedy against the dangers of inspiration of, xiii, 393.
—, solubility in water, xlvii, 191.
—, relations of, with hydrogenJ. W. Draper, xlix, 355.f
—, and chlorides, remarks on, xiv, 382.
— —, uses of,A. Chevallier, xxiii, 129.
—, new compound of, with phosphorus and sulphur, byM. Serullas, xix, 382.
Chlorides, alkaline, a means of disinfection, xi, 197; xiii, 169.
—, efficacy of, xviii, 159.
—, and chlorine, uses of,A. Chevallier, xxiii, 129.
—, experiment to determine the nature of, xxi, 368.
Chloride of lime,xv, 391; xvi, 387.
— —, or chlorine, test of the strength of, xvii, 170.
— —, manufacture of, at Glasgow,T. Thomson, xli, 48.
— —, manufacture of,G. W. Carpenter, xvi, 177.
— —, use of, in bleaching, in making paper, xix, 166.
— —, estimation of the bleaching power of, xxii, 354.
— —, disinfecting powers of, xix, 177.
— —, disinfection at the Morgue at Paris, xxi, 149.
— —, used in psora, xvi, 395.
— —, use of, in the navy, xix, 164.
— —, action of, on alcohol,E. Soubeiran, xxiii, 134.
— of silver, discolored, experiments on, xxi, 369.
— —, on the change of color of, xx, 193.
— of soda,Labarraque'smethod of using, xix, 365.
— of soda, lime, &c., on the nature of,L. C. Beck, xiv, 251.
— of sulphur, xxiii, 382.
Chlorite, in Connecticut, i, 354; vi, 228; viii, 259; xxxiii, 165.
—, in Massachusetts, i, 113; iv, 42; vi, 228, 248; viii, 52.
—, in New York, ix, 44.
—, in New Jersey, v, 239.
—, in Pennsylvania, iv, 54; viii, 238; x, 222.
—, in Rhode Island, viii, 228, 232.
—, in Vermont, iv, 276; vi, 228.
—, remarks on, xlvii, 342.
—, slate of Connecticut and Vermont, vi, 27.
—, —, in New Jersey, v, 29.
Chlorobenzoyle, xxvi, 270, 277.
Chlorohydric acid, experiments byMacaireandde la Rivewith reference to, xi, 393.
— —, mode of preparing pure, from the muriatic acid of commerce,R. Hare, xxxix, 371.
— —, fumigations with, atPlattsburghin 1819, viii, 200.
—, seeHydrochloric.
Chloro-hydrogen blowpipe, xvii, 211.
Chlorophæite, iv, 245.
—, at Turner's Falls, Mass., x, 393.
Chlorophyl, production of, by yellow light,D. P. Gardner, xlvi, 1.f
Chlorophyllite,C. T. Jackson, xli, 161.
—, description and analysis of, xlvi, 377.
—, a decomposed variety of iolite,C. U. Shepard, xli, 357.
Chlorovinic and chlorovinous acids,A. A. Hayes, xxii, 141.
Cholera,Mackintoshon, xxxiv, 49.
—, miscellaneous notices respecting, xxv, 174.
Cholesterine, action of potash on,J. L. Smith, xliv, 60.
Chondrodite,account of, v, 203, (called yellow mineral); v, 245.
—, crystal of,J. D. Dana, xlvi, 381.f
— in New York, v, 30; viii, 92; ix, 244; xix, 223; xxi, 325.f
— in New Jersey, v, 30, 245; vi, 250.
— in Pennsylvania, viii, 239; xiv, 17.
Christianite (anorthite), xi, 261.f
Chromate of potash, to test the purity of,S. Zuber, xxiv, 372.
— —, (bichromate,) manufacture of, at Glasgow, xli, 50.
Chromatype,R. Hunt, xlvi, 396.
Chromic iron of Maryland, analysis of,H. Seybert, iv, 321.
— — from Cuba, analysis of,J. C. Booth, xxxviii, 243.
— —, remarks on, xxvii, 18, 20.
— — in Massachusetts, ii, 374.
— — in Delaware, iv, 53.
— — in Maryland, xxiv, 349, 355f; xxvii, 18, 20.
Chromium,Vauquelin'sprocess for obtaining, xxi, 375.
—, on the combinations of,A. A. Hayes, xiv, 136.
— oxide, crystals of, xxviii, 396.
—, sulphate of oxide,M. E. Kopp, xlviii, 189.
Chronometers, remarks on,xxix, 297.
—,Dent'simprovements, xliv, 161.
—, errors of,E. J. Dent, xlv, 83.f
—, sea and land rates of,ParkinsonandFrodsham, xxvi, 121.
—, rate varied by the density of the medium containing, x, 185.
—, purification of olive oil for, xx, 166.
—, new compensation-balance for,E. J. Dent, xlv, 83.f
—, glass balance for, xxxii, 330.f
Chrysoberyl of Haddam, analysis of,H. Seybert, viii, 105.
—, in Connecticut, ii, 142, 240; iv, 52.
—, in New York, iv, 37.
Chrysoprase, viii, 234; xvii, 353.
Churchill, S., notice of a double fish, xxvi, 116.f
Chyometer, mode of determining specific gravities with, xi, 126.f
Cicada septendecim, or seventeen year locust, habits of, xiii, 224.
— —, account, of,S. P. Hildreth, xviii, 47.f
— —, remarks on,D. Thomas, xxi, 188.
Cinchona, on the different kinds of bark confounded with,De Candolle, xvii, 388.
—, bark, experiments on,G. W. Carpenter, ix, 363.
Cinchovatine, xlvii, 196.
Cinnabar in Michigan, i, 433; ii, 170; xxxvii, 185.
Cinnamon stone of Ceylon, analysis of, xiv, 204.
Cipher, new diplomatic, iv, 377.
Circulation of the blood, regulation of,T. J. Aikin, xxviii, 79.
— in plants, xix, 393.
— —,E. Emmons, xxvi, 99.
Cist, Z., mines of anthracite about Wilkesbarre, Pa.,iv, 1.
Cist, J., on the Melolontha or May bug, viii, 269.f
Cisterns for water, mode of constructing, xxv, 301.
Citric acid from gooseberries, xvi, 385.
Citricic acid,S. Baup, xxxiv, 206.
Civilization, connection of, with mental aberration, xxii, 379.
Clam, eatable, of N. Y., facts regarding, x, 287.
Clark, D. A., singular appearances of snow and hail, ii, 132.
Clark, S., on the infinite divisibility of a finite quantity of matter, ix, 356.
—, notice of, xli, 217.f
Clarke, E. M., magnetic electrical rotating machines by, xxxiii, 213.f
—, electrepeter by, xxxiii, 224.f
Clary, R. E., parhelia seen at Green Bay, xxviii, 304.f
Classification, chemical, remarks on,O. W. Gibbs, xlix, 384.
—, —,R. Hare, xxvii, 63; xxxii, 260.
—, mineral, remarks on,J. D. Dana, xlvi, 374.
— of clouds,E. Loomis, xli, 325.
Clay of Pownal, Vt., xii, 298.
—, pipe, in New Jersey, ii, 198.
—, potter's, in Massachusetts, i, 344.
—, for sculptors, xxiv, 200.
Cleaveland's Mineralogy, review of, i, 35, 308.
— —, second edition announced, ii, 375.
Cleavelandite, (Kieselspath,) a variety of albite, vii, 370, 390.
Clemson, T. G., analysis of a titanic iron ore from near Baltimore, xvii, 42.
—, analysis of American spathic iron and bronzite, xxiv, 170.
—, notice of piperin, xviii, 352.
—, method of making sulphuric acid, xx, 347.f
—, physical geography, industry, &c. of the Hartz, xix, 105.f
Climate, connection with atmospheric and oceanic currents,W. C. Redfield, xxv, 133.
—, liable to change permanently or not,S. Forry, xlvii, 226.
—, effect of clearing land on,S. Forry, xlvii, 237.
—, effect of, on distribution of plants in the United States,S. Forry, xlvi, 221.
—, on a change of,Bishop Heber, xx, 130.
— of the earth,Lyell'sviews on the changes undergone, xx, 377.
— antediluvian,L. C. Beck, xlv, 144.
— of the post pleiocene period in the U. States,H. D. Rogers, xlvii, 257.
— ibid,A. Binney, xlvii, 259.
— of North America,E. Mitchell, xix, 283.
— of North America,Daubenyon, xxxv, 288.
— of U. States, remarks on the amelioration of, byD. Thomas, xix, 361.
— of the U. States,S. Forry, xlvii, 18,f221.
— west of Alleganies milder than east,S. Forry, xlvii, 230.
— of Florida, xxxv, 63.
— of the Kenawha valley,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 89.
— of Ohio, xi, 224, 231.
— and productions of Washington Co., Ohio,S. P. Hildreth, xii, 206.
— of Columbia, South America, with general meteorological observations,R. Wright, xxxvii, 1.
— —, effect on human life, xxxvii, 12.
— of the south of France, v, 173.
— of Palestine, xxxi, 183.
—, productions, &c., of Singapore, xliv, 151.
— of the province of Deccan, Bombay, xxxiii, 275.
—, see farther underMeteorology.
Clinkstone, remarks on the composition of, xix, 380.
Clock, an improved, xiii, 182.
—, affected by the state of the atmosphere, xiv, 375.
—, astronomical,Prof. Bessel, xliv, 160.
—, —, on the stopping of,W. Howard, viii, 277.
—, seeChronometer.
Clothof amianthus or asbestus, xviii, 401.
—, cotton, printing of, in Manchester, England, xxiii, 220.
—, —, singeing, in the manufacture of, xxiii, 217.
—, made of glass, xxxix, 386.
—, incombustible, v, 188; viii, 390.
—, woollen, remarks on the manufacture of, xxiii, 218.
Clouds, fogs and rain, account of,W. C. Redfield, xxxiii, 54.
—, how sustained,Stevelly, xxxviii, 105.
—, formation of,Stevelly, xxxviii, 105.
—, application of the law of definite proportions to the stratification of, xliv, 172.
—, register of, at Nantucket, Mass., xlix, 406.
—, —, at Hudson, Ohio,E. Loomis, xli, 323; xlix, 280.
—, classification of,E. Loomis, xli, 325.
Clypeaster, in the blue marls of N. Jersey, xvii, 287.
Coal, analyses of,W. R. Johnson, xxxviii, 382; xxxix, 139; xlix, 169.
—, —, of Maryland,DucatelandAlexander, xxvii, 31.
—, —, of Virginia, Chesterfield,B. SillimanandO. P. Hubbard, xlii, 369.
—, —, of Pennsylvania, Tioga Co.,W. Meade, xiii, 32.
—, —, indicating iodine,M. Bussy, xl, 217.
—, passage of anthracite into bituminous,M. C. Lea, xl, 370.
—, cannel, xviii, 376; xxix, 39; xxxi, 79.
—, economical uses of anthracite, x, 331; xi, 78.
—, — — — in smelting iron, xxxiii, 266.
—, — — — in blacksmith's shops,G. Jones, xviii, 303.
—, — — — when first used in blacksmithing, xviii, 307.
—, in the arts, heating power of,W. R. Johnson, xlvii, 126; xlix, 166.
—, —, consumption of, in steam engines, xxix, 351.
—, —, comparative value of American, for steam navigation,W. R. Johnson, xlix, 310.
—, —, amount consumed at Pittsburg, xxix, 79.
—, —, comparative character of European and American anthracites,W. Meade, xii, 75.
—, fossils, vegetable,A. Brongniart, iv, 266f;
analysis of the works ofAd. Brongniarton, vii, 178.
— —, —,H. Witham, xviii, 110.f
— —, —, in England, iii, 389.
— —, —, at Wilkesbarre, Pa., ix, 165.
— —, upright trees, Nova Scotia,C. Lyell, xlv, 353.
— —, Ohio valley,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 1, 151.f
— —, marine shells, England, xxv, 199.
— —, freshwater shells, Lancashire, England, xxxiv, 26.
—, origin of, xii, 87; xviii, 321.
—, —, anthracite, xxiv, 172.
—, —, bituminous, xvii, 397.
—, period, probable constitution of the atmosphere during,H. D. Rogers, xlvii, 105.
—, peat converted into, xxxiv, 395.
—, specific gravities and combustible qualities of Ohio coals,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 147.
Coal Mines and Formations, characters and localities of.
Coal in Alabama, bituminous, xxvi, 190.
— on Arkansas river, iii, 41.
— in Connecticut, i, 239; iii, 248; v, 44f; xxxiii, 163.
— in Cuba,J. H. Blake, xlii, 388.
— in England, remarks on the strata, xxxiii, 79.
— —,Prestwich'sobservations on the alternation of marine and freshwater beds, xxxiii, 80.
— —,Murchisonon dislocations in beds, xxxiii, 84.
— —,Prof. Phillipson the carboniferous limestone of Yorkshire, xxxiii, 84.
— —, marine shells in deposits, xxv, 199.
— —, mines of Dudley, visit to, xxxvii, 390.
— in Illinois,C. U. Shepard, xxxiv, 142.f
— —,D. D. Owen, xlv, 151.
— —, Kentucky,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 140.
— in Maine, formation of,C. T. Jackson, xxxvi, 149.
— in Maryland,J. T. DucatelandJ. H. Alexander, xxvii, 29.
— —, chemical analysis of, ibid, xxvii, 31.
— in Massachusetts,E. Hitchcock, xxii, 41; xxxvi, 377.
— —, anthracite, in Wrentham, xxiii, 405.
— —, —, of Mansfield,C. T. Jackson, xxxiv, 395.
— —, —, in mica schist, probable age of,C. Lyell, xlvii, 214.
— at Mt. Lebanon, Syria, beds of, xxviii, 32.
— in Negropont, Grecian Archipelago, xxxi, 176.
— in New York, in the Catskills, vi, 95.
— —, Washington Co.,A. Eaton, xvi, 299.
— —, connection of, with coal beds of Pennsylvania, xix, 21.
— in Nova Scotia, bituminous, xv, 149.
— —, the coal formation,C. Lyell, xlv, 356.
— —, upright trees in strata,C. Lyell, xlv, 353.
— in Ohio, i, 227, 239.
— —, observations on,S. P. Hildreth, xiii, 38.
— —, deposits of the Ohio valley, xxix, 1, 123.
— —, of the falls of the Cuyahoga, xxxi, 47.f
— —, of Newcastle, xxxi, 63.
— —, of Coshocton, xxxi, 69.
— —, bituminous, near Waterford and Zanesville, xxv, 220, 229.
— —, extent of beds in, xxxiv, 348, 357.
— —, Zanesville, vegetable impressions in,E. Granger, iii, 5.f
— —, cannel, xviii, 376.
— —, —, in Licking Co., xxxi, 79.
— —, —, in Guernsey Co., xxix, 39.
— of Panama isthmus, xliii, 207.
— in Pennsylvania, beds of, remarks on,S. W. Pomeroy, xxi, 342.
— —, —, the equivalent of those of Europe,A. Eaton, xxiii, 399.
— —, —, in southern, with analyses,M. C. Lea, xl, 370.
— —, model of the southern field of,R. C. Taylor, xli, 80.f
— —, on the general character, limits and relations of the beds,J. Hall, xlii, 52.
— —, on the anthracite, xi, 91.
— —, —,J. Pierce, xii, 55.
— —, —, of the Belmont mines, Penn., xii, 301.
— —, —, mine of Carbondale, xviii, 319.
— —, — —, of Mauch Chunk,B. Silliman, xix, 12.f
— —, beds of, ibid, notice of, xx, 163.
— in Pennsylvania; mines of Wyoming valley,Z. Cist, iv, 1.f
— —, —, of Wyoming, on the rocks accompanying, vii, 260.
— —, —, of Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys, account of,B. Silliman, xviii, 308.f
— —, on Tioga river, analysis and description of,W. Meade, xiii, 32.
— —, in the Monongahela valley,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 58.f
— —, Carbon Creek deposit, some account of,W. R. Johnson, xxxix, 137.
— —, ibid, analysis of coal from, xxxix, 139.
— —, bituminous, xii, 69.
— —, —,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 77.
— —, Lehigh company, xxiv, 173.
— in Rhode Island, anthracite, on the uses and characters of,B. Silliman, xi, 78.
— —,C. T. Jackson, xl, 187.
— in Tennessee, xxix, 141; xxx, 391.
— in Virginia, beds of,J. Grammer,i, 125.
— —, bituminous, remarks on,J. Pierce, xi, 54.
— —, mines near Richmond, statistical and geological account of,A. S. Wooldridge, xliii, 1.
— —, bituminous, of Chesterfield Co., analysis of,B. SillimanandO. P. Hubbard, xlii, 369.
— —, Kenawha valley, xxix, 108f, 109.f
— —, Wheeling,S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 80.f
— —, porous anthracite or natural coke,W. B. Rogers, xliii, 175.
— in eastern Virginia, of the lower oolite epoch,W. B. Rogers, xliii, 175.
— of the Western states, characters, limits, &c. of the beds,J. Hall, xlii, 52.
— mines, explosions in American, xxxvii, 387.
— —, accident in the Bovey, in consequence of the compression of the air, xvii, 38.
— —, burning of, at New Sauchie, xix, 386.
— —, fire damp, at Newcastle, chemical examination of,E. Turner, xxxvii, 201.
Coast survey, U. States, xlix, 229.
Coat of mail, found in Vermont, xiii, 199.
Coates, B. H., on the Uvularia perfoliata, as a remedy for poisoned wounds, xxxv, 270.
Cobalt, modes of detecting,Prof. J. F. Dana, viii, 301.
—, spontaneous combustion of, xv, 188.
— and nickel,Döbereiner'smode of separating, v, 188.
— and nickel ores, of Chatham, Ct., analyses of,A. A. Hayes, xxi, 195.
—, [iron,] arsenical, of N. H.,J. F. Dana, viii, 301.
—, oxide of, near Silver Bluff, S. Carolina,J. L. Smith, xlvii, 131; xlviii, 103.
— ores, analyses of two,Wöhler, xxxvi, 332.
— —, localities of, in Connecticut, vi, 209, 235; xxi, 195.
— —, in Maryland, iv, 283.
— —, in Missouri, xii, 378.
— —, in N. Hampshire, viii,198, 301.
Coca of Peru, iii, 397.
Coccolite in N. York, v, 269; vii, 57; ix, 40, 250; xix, 224.
— in Canada, viii, 70.
Coffee, consumption of, in Europe, iv, 392.
—, the Astragalus balticus in Sweden, a substitute for, v, 180.
— tree, leaves of, used for tea, xlix, 401.
Coffin, J. H., secular acceleration of the moon's mean motion, xlvii, 324.f
Cog-wheels, on the forms of,E. W. Blake, vii, 86.f
Cohesion, experiments with soap bubbles on attraction of,J. Henry, xlviii, 216.
Coins, remarks on, and descriptions of some ancient, xxvii, 74.
— and medals, character and composition of,J. W. Draper, xxix, 157.
Coir fibre, used for ropes, xxi, 33.
Coke, natural, of Virginia,W. B. Rogers, xliii, 175.
Cold,effects of, ii, 177.
—, artificial, produced by mixed metals, xiii, 171.
—, —, a freezing mixture for, xii, 195.
—, extraordinary seasons of,N. Webster, xxviii, 183.
— at New Haven in 1766, 1767, xxviii, 183.
— at Hartford in 1780, xxviii, 186.
—, extreme, at Plattsburgh, N. Y., iii, 366; xi, 195.
— in Maine, 1817, mercury frozen by, xxxi, 161.
— on Lake Superior, ix, 395.
— of the winter of 1825-6, x, 399.
— of January, 1835, xxviii, 177.
— winter of 1837, 1838, in England,J. Lindley, xxix, 18.
Colden, Cadwallader, correspondence withGronovius, Linnæus, &c., xliv, 85.
Collapse of a reservoir,R. Hare, xxxiii, 242.f
Collins, Z., herbarium of, xxiii, 398.
Collinson, P., letters from, toC. Colden, xliv, 112.
Colombia, features of,R. Wright, xxxvii, 2.
—, river Orinoco, rise of, xxxvii, 2.
—, climate and seasons of, xxxvii, 2.
—, mists above 12000 feet, xxxvii, 3.
—, llamas and horses of, xxxvii, 14.
—, vegetation and productions of, xxxvii, 15.
Colophane, a tree affording an aromatic oil, ix, 386.
Colophonite, of Willsboro', N. Y.,H. Seybert, v, 117.
Color of air and deep waters, and some other analogous fugitive colors,Count Xavier de Maistre, xxvi, 65.f
— of opaline glass, xxvi, 66.
— of leaves in autumn,Macaire Prinsep'sviews respecting, xvi, 215.
— of the Raphael Tapestries, effect of light and air in restoring, xxxvii, 244.
— of the sea, due in part to iodine and bromine, xvii, 170.
— of wood of certain trees, change of, xviii, 404.
—, blue, from buck-wheat, xxii, 384.
—, carmine, produced on ivory by red lead on the under side, xxvi, 74.
—, increase of, when objects are seen with the head inverted,D. Brewster, xl, 343.
—, inability to distinguish, xl, 54.
Coloring matter for dyeing, experiments on,M. Persoz, xxiv, 380.
— — of the Lichen rocella, xviii, 151.
— materials for confectioners, xxii, 381.
Columbic acid,A. A. Hayes, xlvi, 166.
Columbite,investigations on,Rose, xlix, 228.
— from New Hampshire, large crystal of,C. U. Shepard, xvii, 357.f
—, stanniferous, discovered in Massachusetts byC. U. Shepard, xvi, 220.f
—, a large crystal of, from Middlelown, Conn.,J. Johnston, xxx, 387.f
—, localities of, in Connecticut, iv, 52; vi, 236; xxx, 387; xxxiii, 162.
—, in Mass., xvi, 220.f
—, in New Hampshire, xvii, 357.
—, Torrelite ofThomsonidentical with,J. D. Dana, xxxii, 149.f
Combustion, facts relating to, xxviii, 70.
—, observations on,S. Morey, xxv, 146.
— of chlorine by olefiant gas, x, 365.
— of coal strata, products of, viii, 382.
— with spongy platina discovered, vii, 387.
—, spontaneous, iii, 383; v, 201; xxii, 161; xxvii, 178.
—, —, of various substances described,J. Mease, xxxiii, 147.
— of ashes, xlii, 165.f
Comet of 1819, ii, 374.
— of 1822, notice of, ix, 199, 367.
— of 1823, 1824, observations on, viii, 315.
—, Olbers's elements of, xiii, 189.
—, Biela's, notice of, xxiii, 390.
—, —, elements of, 1832, xxiv, 346; xxv, 191; xxviii, 398.
—, —, supposed possibility of collision with Encke's, xxiv, 346.
— of July, 1832,J. J. Littrow, xxiv, 348.
—, discov'd Ap. 8, 1834, xxvi, 402.
—, Halley's, 1835, xxix, 155.
—, —,E. Loomis, xxx, 209.
—, —, remarkable phenomena of, xxxv, 285.
—, Encke's, remarks on, xxiv, 346; xxxiii, 15; xxxv, 388.
—, —, notice of, xxxvii, 191.
—, Dec., 1839, Galle's first, notice of, xxxviii, 378; xl, 207.
—, Jan., 1840, Galle's second, notice of, xl, 40, 207.
—, March, 1840, Galle's third, notice of, xl, 207.
—, October, 1840, the third of 1840, Bremicker's, xl, 207.
—, of October, 1842, discovered byM. Laugier, xliv, 211.
—, great, of 1843, xliv, 412; xlv, 188f, 229.
—, great, of 1843, elements of,S. C. WalkerandE. O. Kendall, xlv, 188.f
—, second of 1843, xlv, 230.
—, third of 1843, xlvi, 210.
—, De Vico's, xlviii, 219,6402.
—, —, first seen in the U. States byH. L. Smith, xlvii, 419.
—, southern, of December, 1844, observations on, xlviii, 402; xlix, 220.
—, D'Arrest's, Dec. 28, 1844, xlviii, 403.
—, Mauvais's, xlix, 220.
—, second of 1845, xlix, 220.
—, third of 1845, xlix, 220.
—, on the observations of,P. J. Rodriguez, xvi, 94.f
—, nature of,W. A. Norton, xlvi, 104.
—, on the tails of, x, 395; xxxiii, 5, 11.
—, —,W. Mitchell, xxxviii, 35; xl, 59.
—, —, of Halley's,B. F. Joslin, xxxi, 142, 324.
—, —, formation of,W. A. Norton, xlvi, 104.f
—, possible collision of two,J. J. Littrow, xxiv, 346.
—, medal for discovery of, by the King of Denmark, xxiii, 391.
Commun, J. du, on the causes of fresh water springs, xiv, 174.f
—, hypothesis on volcanoes and earthquakes, xv, 12.f
—, — —, objections to, xv, 25.
—, — —, strictures on, xvi, 51.
Compass, mariner's, on the invention of,A. Humboldt, xl, 242.
—, microscopic,J. Locke, xxiii, 237.f
—, surveyor's, improvements in, byT. Kendall, xix, 337.f
—, pivots, on the use of native alloy for, xli, 67.
Complaisánts, on board a vessel in the Mediterranean, xvi, 171.
Compression of water, xiii, 189.
Comptonite, a new species, iv, 28.
Conant, M., a new magnetic instrument, xlix, 301.f
Conchology, seeZoology,Mollusca.
Concretious, calcareous, in limestone, in Indiana,J. T. Plummer, xliv, 283.f
Condensation of gases, abstract ofFaraday'sexperiments on, vii, 352.
— of sulphuretted hydrogen, vii, 352.
— of carbonic acid, vii, 354.
— of euchlorine, vii, 355.
— of nitrous oxide, vii, 355.
— of cyanogen, vii, 356.
— of ammonia, vii, 357.
— of muriatic acid, vii, 357.
— of chlorine, vii, 357.
— of gases,J. Torrey'sexperiments on carbonic, sulphurous and chloro-chromic acids, xxxv, 374; xxxvi, 394.f
— —,J. K. Mitchell, xxxv, 346.f
— —,Thilorier, xxxi, 163, 402, 404.
Conduction of water,W. W. Mather, xiii, 368.f
— —, as shown by Murray's experiments,C. Dewey, xxviii, 151; xxxi, 246.
Confectionary, poisonous, xviii, 157.
Conglomerate mica slate, in Massachusetts, viii, 244.
—, Potomac marble, xxvi, 221f; xxvii, 22.
Conic sections, new instrument for drawing the curves of, xv, 368.f
— —,Prof. Benedict, xxxi, 258.f
— —, problem in,Prof. Davies, vi, 280.f
Conite, a new mineral species, ii, 354.
Connecticut, on coal in, i, 239; iii, 248; v, 44f; xxxiii, 163.
—, geology of N. Haven and Litchfield Cos.,B. Silliman, ii, 201.
—, geology of Salisbury,C. A. Lee, viii, 252.
—, geology of; trap and sandstone in junction at Wallingford,A. B. Chapin, xxvii, 104.f
—, —, trap rocks,B. Silliman, xvii, 119.
—, —, section from Killingly to Haddam,W. W. Mather, xxi, 94.f
—, —, report on, byC. U. Shepard, noticed, xxxiii, 151.
—, —, survey of, authorized, xxviii, 381.
—, ores of, seeunder names of the Metals.
— valley, rocks of, vii, 25.
— —, water courses and geology of, with account of terraces, ancient lakes, &c., xxii, 205.f
— —, geological account of,E. Hitchcock, vi, 1f, 201; vii, 1.f
— —, vertebral remains in sandstone of,E. Hitchcock, xxix, 330.
— —, fossil footprints in,E. Hitchcock, xxix, 307f; xxxi, 174; xxxii, 174; xli, 165; xlvii, 113, 292f, 390; xlviii, 61.
— —, —, —,J. Deane, xlv, 178; xlvi, 73f; xlvii, 381, 399; xlviii, 158f; xlix, 79f, 213.f
— —, —, —,C. Lyellon, xlv, 394.
— —, —, —,W. C. Redfield, xxxiii, 201.
— Reserve, Ohio, notice of, xxxi, 21.
Conrad, T. A., notes on American geology, xxxv, 237.
—, on characteristic fossils, xxxv, 237, 246.
—, temperature of different geological epochs, xxxv, 239.
—, cause of the features of the U. States, xxxv, 244.
—, on the tertiary fossils of America, xxiii, 204, 339.
—, description of tertiary shells, in a paper byJ. T. Hodge, xli, 344.f
—, on the tertiary of the Atlantic coast, xxviii, 104, 280.f
—, new fresh water shells of Alabama, Tennessee, &c., xxv, 338.f
—, on the features of the transition or Silurian system, xxxv, 243.
—, on the condition and character of organic life in the transition epoch, xxxvi, 12.
—, characteristic fossils of the N. York rocks, xxxvi, 14.
—, on the Silurian strata, and the characteristic fossils, xxxviii, 86.
—, subdivision of the Silurian system in N. York, xlii, 229.
—, Calymene senaria, xlii, 230.
Conservatory at Boston, destruction of, by fire, xlvi, 214.
Continents, mean height above the sea,Humboldt, xlix, 397.
Conwell, C. C., chemical experiments on tobacco, xvii, 369.
—, on the passage of light through small apertures, xx, 350.
ConybeareandPhillips, outlines of the geology of England and Wales, vii, 203.
Cooking apparatus of Lemare, vi, 399.
Cooling of the earth, a dynamical cause in geology,W. W. Mather, xlix, 288.
Cooley, D., floral calendar, ii, 254.
Cooper, report on the fossil bones of Big Bone Lick, xx, 370.
Cooper, T., on the tests for arsenic, iv, 155.
—, disclaimer of, with regard to a fossil described byA. Eaton, xx, 413.
—, on volcanoes and volcanic substances, iv, 205.
Cooper's rotative piston, xvi, 313.f
Copaiva balsam, a new preparation of, byG. W. Carpenter, xvi, 40.
Copal, notice of, xliv, 212.
—, solution of, aided by camphor, xiii, 174.
— varnish,Berzelius, xvii, 175.
Copernicus, monument to, at Warsaw, iv, 387.
Coprolites, in Connecticut valley,E. Hitchcock, xlvii, 113, 308.f
— of birds, analysis of,S. L. Dana, xlviii, 46.
Copper,atomic weight of, xlviii, 402.
—, amount produced in Great Britain and Ireland, for the year ending June 30, 1822, viii, 390.
—, determination of, in a binoxide salt, xlvii, 193.
—, partial reduction of the binoxide of, by heat, xlviii, 184.
—, hydride of,A. Wurtz, xlviii, 185.
—, silvering of, xxiii, 386.
—, metallic, galvanic formation of, in a mineral vein, xxxiv, 44.
—, protoxide of, xxii, 353.
—, white, artificial, viii, 380.
—,Witting'stest for, ix, 201.
—, tendency of iron to protect, when exposed to sea-water, xxv, 203.f
—, foliaceous, of Vesuvius, xi, 267.
— and potash, sulphate of, xx, 195.
—, native, in Connecticut, i, 55; vi, 230; xxxiii, 160.
—, —, connection with trap in Connecticut and Michigan, xlvii, 132.
—, —, in drift, Massachusetts,E. Hitchcock, xlv, 331.
—, —, in N. Jersey, Summerville mine, v, 401; xxxvi, 107.
—, —, —,L. C. Beck, xlv, 331.
—, —, of Michigan,D. Houghton, xli, 185; xlv, 331, 332.
—, —, mass of, from Lake Superior,H. R. Schoolcraft, iii, 201.f
—, —, —, presented to Yale College, xxvii, 381.
—, —, and silver, of Lake Superior,C. T. Jackson, xlix, 81.
—, —, in Missouri, iii, 71.
—, —, in the trap and amygdaloidal minerals of Nova Scotia, xv, 134; xxx, 350.
—, —, and ores of, in northern American, at the copper mountains, xvii, 8.
—, carbonate of, in Connecticut vi, 206.
—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 115; vi, 207.
—, —, in Michigan, xli, 185.
—, —, in Pennsylvania, i, 236; viii, 239.
—, crenate of, analysis,C. T. Jackson, xxxvii, 398.
—, oxides of, in Connecticut, vi, 206.
—, —, in Michigan, xli, 185.
—, —, in Pennsylvania, viii, 239.
—, sulphurets of,in Canada, viii, 47, 75.
—, —, in Connecticut, i, 316; vi, 206, 231; xxxiii, 160.
—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 115, 136, 437; vi, 207; x, 215; xxii, 61.
—, —, in Maryland, xviii, 80; xxvii, 20, 23.
—, —, in Michigan, xli, 185.
—, —, in New York, viii, 249.
—, —, in New Jersey, ii, 192, 198; v, 268.
—, —, in North Carolina, xli, 183, 348.
(See also underCopper mines.)
—, phosphate of, in New Jersey, v, 401.
—, silicate, in Michigan, xli, 185.
—, siliceous hydrate in New Jersey,G. T. Bowen, viii, 118.
— minesor ores in Massachusetts, account of, vi, 207; xxii, 61.
— —, at Strafford, Vt., xxi, 383.
— —, in Connecticut, at Cheshire, vi, 206;
–C. U. Shepard, xxxiii, 160.
— —, —, at Bristol, vi, 231.
— —, in Maryland, xxvii, 22.
— —, in N. Jersey, Schuyler's, v, 239.
— —, —, at Summerville, v, 401.