[513]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., 226.[514]Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 165.[515]Catalogo de las Lenguas, Tom. I., p. 185.[516]Pedro Lozano,Historia de la Conquista de Paraguay, Tom. I., p. 407 (Ed. Buenos Aires, 1873).[517]D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Tom. II., p. 83.[518]Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1889, s. 658.[519]Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 107.[520]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., s. 245, 246. A good vocabulary is supplied by Castelnau,Expédition, Tome V., Appendix.[521]Richard Rohde, in theOrig. Mittheil. der Ethnol. Abtheil d. Mus. zu Berlin, 1885, s. 15.[522]On the ruins of their fortresses and tombs, see Vincente G. Quesada,Estudios Historicos, pp. 45-48 (Buenos Aires, 1864).[523]Nicolas del Techo,Hist. Prov. Paraquariæ, Lib. V., cap. 23.[524]See Von Tschudi, inVerhand. der Berlin. Anthrop. Gesell., 1885, s. 184, sqq. This traveler could find no relics of the tongue in the ancient Calchaqui district, which he visited in 1858. The only languages then were Spanish and Kechua (Reisen, Bd. V., s. 84).[525]Virchow, inVerhand. der Berlin. Anthrop. Gesell., 1884, s. 375.[526]D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Vol. II., p. 11.[527]Barcena’s report is published in theRelaciones Geograficas de Indias, Peru, Tom. II.[528]Dr. Darapsky remarks that the Araucanians first crossed the Andes into the Pampas about 300 years ago (La Lengua Araucana, p. 4, Santiago de Chile, 1888). This is true, but the tribes they found there were members of their own stock.[529]Some have derived these names from the Kechua,aucca, enemy; but I am convinced by the examples of Federico Barbara,Manuel de la Lengua Pampa, p. 6 (Buenos Aires, 1879), that at any rate the same root belongs to the Araucanian.[530]Dr. Martin de Moussy gives an interesting sketch of these people in theAnnuaire du Comité d’Archæologie Américaine, 1865, p. 218, sq.[531]The chief source of information on this tribe is Col. Lucio de Mansilla,Una Escursion á los Indios Ranqueles, Vol. II. (Buenos Aires, 1870). The name Ranqueles means “thistle people,” from the abundance of that plant in their country.[532]G. Coleti,Dizionario dell’ America Meridionale, s. v.,Cuyo.[533]Valdivia,Arte de la Lengua Chilena. Ed. Lima, 1607.[534]Lt. Musters, “On the Races of Patagonia,” inJournal of the Anthropological Institute, Vol. I., p. 205.[535]Paolo Riccardi, inMemoire della Soc. Ethnograf. di Firenze, 1879, p. 139; also the estimable work of Jose T. Medina,Los Aborijenes de Chile(Santiago, 1882).[536]Bernard Havestadt,Chilidugu, sive Res Chilenses(Westphalia, 1777. Reprint by Julius Platzmann, Leipzig, 1883).[537]Many of these are portrayed in the work of Medina,Los Aborijenes de Chile, above referred to.[538]Nicolas del Techo,Historia Provinciæ Paraquariæ, Lib. VI., Cap. IX.[539]The Boroas live on the Tolten river, and have blue eyes, a fair complexion, and aquiline noses. Pablo Treuter,La Provincia de Valdivia y los Araucanos, p. 52, note (Santiago de Chile, 1861). E. Pöppig,Reise in Chili und Peru, Bd. I., s. 463 (Leipzig, 1836).[540]“Mi nombre es Glaura, en fuerte hora nacida,Hija del buen cacique QuilacuraDe la sangre de Frisio esclarecida.”Alonso de Ercilla,La Araucana, Canto XXVIII.Faulkner and others refer to these as theCessares(Description of Patagonia, p. 113, Hereford, 1774). There was such a tribe, and it was made the subject of a Utopian sketch,An Account of the Cessares, London, 1764.[541]See Petermann’sMittheilungen, 1883, s. 404, and compare the same, 1878, s. 465. Dr. Martin elsewhere gives a vocabulary of the Chauques of Chiloe. It is pure Araucanian (Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1877, s. 168).[542]On the stature of the Patagonians, see the very complete study of D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Vol. II., pp. 26-70.[543]Lt. Musters, “On the Races of Patagonia,” u. s., p. 194, sq.[544]Ramon Lista,Mis Esploraciones y Descubrimientos en Patagonia, p. 116 (Buenos Aires, 1880). This author gives, pp. 125-130, a full vocabulary of the “Choonke” as it is in use to-day.[545]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., s. 313.[546]Lettres Ed. et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 88; Hervas,Catalogo de las Lenguas, Tom. I., p. 136.[547]See Lucien Adam,Grammaire de la Langue Jagane(Paris, 1885). Dr. Darapsky thinks this tongue reveals a common point of divergence with “los idiomas meso-Andinos.”Boletin del Instituto Geog. Argentino, 1889, p. 287.[548]See Dr. Hyades, inRevue d’Ethnographie, Tome IV., No. VI., and the chapter “L’Ethnographie des Fuégiens,” in L. F. Martial,Mission Scientifique du Cap-Horn, Tome I., Chap. VI. (Paris, 1888).Yakana-cunnimeans “foot people,” as they did not use horses.[549]Dr. Domenico Lovisato, inCosmos, 1884, fas. IV.[550]Dr. Johann Seitz, inZeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1886, pp. 267, 268.[551]Domenico Lovisato,ubi suprá.[552]At the Congrès des Américanistes, Paris, 1890.
[513]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., 226.
[513]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., 226.
[514]Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 165.
[514]Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 165.
[515]Catalogo de las Lenguas, Tom. I., p. 185.
[515]Catalogo de las Lenguas, Tom. I., p. 185.
[516]Pedro Lozano,Historia de la Conquista de Paraguay, Tom. I., p. 407 (Ed. Buenos Aires, 1873).
[516]Pedro Lozano,Historia de la Conquista de Paraguay, Tom. I., p. 407 (Ed. Buenos Aires, 1873).
[517]D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Tom. II., p. 83.
[517]D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Tom. II., p. 83.
[518]Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1889, s. 658.
[518]Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1889, s. 658.
[519]Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 107.
[519]Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 107.
[520]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., s. 245, 246. A good vocabulary is supplied by Castelnau,Expédition, Tome V., Appendix.
[520]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., s. 245, 246. A good vocabulary is supplied by Castelnau,Expédition, Tome V., Appendix.
[521]Richard Rohde, in theOrig. Mittheil. der Ethnol. Abtheil d. Mus. zu Berlin, 1885, s. 15.
[521]Richard Rohde, in theOrig. Mittheil. der Ethnol. Abtheil d. Mus. zu Berlin, 1885, s. 15.
[522]On the ruins of their fortresses and tombs, see Vincente G. Quesada,Estudios Historicos, pp. 45-48 (Buenos Aires, 1864).
[522]On the ruins of their fortresses and tombs, see Vincente G. Quesada,Estudios Historicos, pp. 45-48 (Buenos Aires, 1864).
[523]Nicolas del Techo,Hist. Prov. Paraquariæ, Lib. V., cap. 23.
[523]Nicolas del Techo,Hist. Prov. Paraquariæ, Lib. V., cap. 23.
[524]See Von Tschudi, inVerhand. der Berlin. Anthrop. Gesell., 1885, s. 184, sqq. This traveler could find no relics of the tongue in the ancient Calchaqui district, which he visited in 1858. The only languages then were Spanish and Kechua (Reisen, Bd. V., s. 84).
[524]See Von Tschudi, inVerhand. der Berlin. Anthrop. Gesell., 1885, s. 184, sqq. This traveler could find no relics of the tongue in the ancient Calchaqui district, which he visited in 1858. The only languages then were Spanish and Kechua (Reisen, Bd. V., s. 84).
[525]Virchow, inVerhand. der Berlin. Anthrop. Gesell., 1884, s. 375.
[525]Virchow, inVerhand. der Berlin. Anthrop. Gesell., 1884, s. 375.
[526]D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Vol. II., p. 11.
[526]D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Vol. II., p. 11.
[527]Barcena’s report is published in theRelaciones Geograficas de Indias, Peru, Tom. II.
[527]Barcena’s report is published in theRelaciones Geograficas de Indias, Peru, Tom. II.
[528]Dr. Darapsky remarks that the Araucanians first crossed the Andes into the Pampas about 300 years ago (La Lengua Araucana, p. 4, Santiago de Chile, 1888). This is true, but the tribes they found there were members of their own stock.
[528]Dr. Darapsky remarks that the Araucanians first crossed the Andes into the Pampas about 300 years ago (La Lengua Araucana, p. 4, Santiago de Chile, 1888). This is true, but the tribes they found there were members of their own stock.
[529]Some have derived these names from the Kechua,aucca, enemy; but I am convinced by the examples of Federico Barbara,Manuel de la Lengua Pampa, p. 6 (Buenos Aires, 1879), that at any rate the same root belongs to the Araucanian.
[529]Some have derived these names from the Kechua,aucca, enemy; but I am convinced by the examples of Federico Barbara,Manuel de la Lengua Pampa, p. 6 (Buenos Aires, 1879), that at any rate the same root belongs to the Araucanian.
[530]Dr. Martin de Moussy gives an interesting sketch of these people in theAnnuaire du Comité d’Archæologie Américaine, 1865, p. 218, sq.
[530]Dr. Martin de Moussy gives an interesting sketch of these people in theAnnuaire du Comité d’Archæologie Américaine, 1865, p. 218, sq.
[531]The chief source of information on this tribe is Col. Lucio de Mansilla,Una Escursion á los Indios Ranqueles, Vol. II. (Buenos Aires, 1870). The name Ranqueles means “thistle people,” from the abundance of that plant in their country.
[531]The chief source of information on this tribe is Col. Lucio de Mansilla,Una Escursion á los Indios Ranqueles, Vol. II. (Buenos Aires, 1870). The name Ranqueles means “thistle people,” from the abundance of that plant in their country.
[532]G. Coleti,Dizionario dell’ America Meridionale, s. v.,Cuyo.
[532]G. Coleti,Dizionario dell’ America Meridionale, s. v.,Cuyo.
[533]Valdivia,Arte de la Lengua Chilena. Ed. Lima, 1607.
[533]Valdivia,Arte de la Lengua Chilena. Ed. Lima, 1607.
[534]Lt. Musters, “On the Races of Patagonia,” inJournal of the Anthropological Institute, Vol. I., p. 205.
[534]Lt. Musters, “On the Races of Patagonia,” inJournal of the Anthropological Institute, Vol. I., p. 205.
[535]Paolo Riccardi, inMemoire della Soc. Ethnograf. di Firenze, 1879, p. 139; also the estimable work of Jose T. Medina,Los Aborijenes de Chile(Santiago, 1882).
[535]Paolo Riccardi, inMemoire della Soc. Ethnograf. di Firenze, 1879, p. 139; also the estimable work of Jose T. Medina,Los Aborijenes de Chile(Santiago, 1882).
[536]Bernard Havestadt,Chilidugu, sive Res Chilenses(Westphalia, 1777. Reprint by Julius Platzmann, Leipzig, 1883).
[536]Bernard Havestadt,Chilidugu, sive Res Chilenses(Westphalia, 1777. Reprint by Julius Platzmann, Leipzig, 1883).
[537]Many of these are portrayed in the work of Medina,Los Aborijenes de Chile, above referred to.
[537]Many of these are portrayed in the work of Medina,Los Aborijenes de Chile, above referred to.
[538]Nicolas del Techo,Historia Provinciæ Paraquariæ, Lib. VI., Cap. IX.
[538]Nicolas del Techo,Historia Provinciæ Paraquariæ, Lib. VI., Cap. IX.
[539]The Boroas live on the Tolten river, and have blue eyes, a fair complexion, and aquiline noses. Pablo Treuter,La Provincia de Valdivia y los Araucanos, p. 52, note (Santiago de Chile, 1861). E. Pöppig,Reise in Chili und Peru, Bd. I., s. 463 (Leipzig, 1836).
[539]The Boroas live on the Tolten river, and have blue eyes, a fair complexion, and aquiline noses. Pablo Treuter,La Provincia de Valdivia y los Araucanos, p. 52, note (Santiago de Chile, 1861). E. Pöppig,Reise in Chili und Peru, Bd. I., s. 463 (Leipzig, 1836).
[540]“Mi nombre es Glaura, en fuerte hora nacida,Hija del buen cacique QuilacuraDe la sangre de Frisio esclarecida.”Alonso de Ercilla,La Araucana, Canto XXVIII.Faulkner and others refer to these as theCessares(Description of Patagonia, p. 113, Hereford, 1774). There was such a tribe, and it was made the subject of a Utopian sketch,An Account of the Cessares, London, 1764.
[540]
“Mi nombre es Glaura, en fuerte hora nacida,Hija del buen cacique QuilacuraDe la sangre de Frisio esclarecida.”Alonso de Ercilla,La Araucana, Canto XXVIII.
“Mi nombre es Glaura, en fuerte hora nacida,Hija del buen cacique QuilacuraDe la sangre de Frisio esclarecida.”Alonso de Ercilla,La Araucana, Canto XXVIII.
“Mi nombre es Glaura, en fuerte hora nacida,Hija del buen cacique QuilacuraDe la sangre de Frisio esclarecida.”
“Mi nombre es Glaura, en fuerte hora nacida,
Hija del buen cacique Quilacura
De la sangre de Frisio esclarecida.”
Alonso de Ercilla,La Araucana, Canto XXVIII.
Alonso de Ercilla,La Araucana, Canto XXVIII.
Faulkner and others refer to these as theCessares(Description of Patagonia, p. 113, Hereford, 1774). There was such a tribe, and it was made the subject of a Utopian sketch,An Account of the Cessares, London, 1764.
[541]See Petermann’sMittheilungen, 1883, s. 404, and compare the same, 1878, s. 465. Dr. Martin elsewhere gives a vocabulary of the Chauques of Chiloe. It is pure Araucanian (Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1877, s. 168).
[541]See Petermann’sMittheilungen, 1883, s. 404, and compare the same, 1878, s. 465. Dr. Martin elsewhere gives a vocabulary of the Chauques of Chiloe. It is pure Araucanian (Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1877, s. 168).
[542]On the stature of the Patagonians, see the very complete study of D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Vol. II., pp. 26-70.
[542]On the stature of the Patagonians, see the very complete study of D’Orbigny,L’Homme Américain, Vol. II., pp. 26-70.
[543]Lt. Musters, “On the Races of Patagonia,” u. s., p. 194, sq.
[543]Lt. Musters, “On the Races of Patagonia,” u. s., p. 194, sq.
[544]Ramon Lista,Mis Esploraciones y Descubrimientos en Patagonia, p. 116 (Buenos Aires, 1880). This author gives, pp. 125-130, a full vocabulary of the “Choonke” as it is in use to-day.
[544]Ramon Lista,Mis Esploraciones y Descubrimientos en Patagonia, p. 116 (Buenos Aires, 1880). This author gives, pp. 125-130, a full vocabulary of the “Choonke” as it is in use to-day.
[545]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., s. 313.
[545]Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde, Bd. I., s. 313.
[546]Lettres Ed. et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 88; Hervas,Catalogo de las Lenguas, Tom. I., p. 136.
[546]Lettres Ed. et Curieuses, Tome II., p. 88; Hervas,Catalogo de las Lenguas, Tom. I., p. 136.
[547]See Lucien Adam,Grammaire de la Langue Jagane(Paris, 1885). Dr. Darapsky thinks this tongue reveals a common point of divergence with “los idiomas meso-Andinos.”Boletin del Instituto Geog. Argentino, 1889, p. 287.
[547]See Lucien Adam,Grammaire de la Langue Jagane(Paris, 1885). Dr. Darapsky thinks this tongue reveals a common point of divergence with “los idiomas meso-Andinos.”Boletin del Instituto Geog. Argentino, 1889, p. 287.
[548]See Dr. Hyades, inRevue d’Ethnographie, Tome IV., No. VI., and the chapter “L’Ethnographie des Fuégiens,” in L. F. Martial,Mission Scientifique du Cap-Horn, Tome I., Chap. VI. (Paris, 1888).Yakana-cunnimeans “foot people,” as they did not use horses.
[548]See Dr. Hyades, inRevue d’Ethnographie, Tome IV., No. VI., and the chapter “L’Ethnographie des Fuégiens,” in L. F. Martial,Mission Scientifique du Cap-Horn, Tome I., Chap. VI. (Paris, 1888).Yakana-cunnimeans “foot people,” as they did not use horses.
[549]Dr. Domenico Lovisato, inCosmos, 1884, fas. IV.
[549]Dr. Domenico Lovisato, inCosmos, 1884, fas. IV.
[550]Dr. Johann Seitz, inZeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1886, pp. 267, 268.
[550]Dr. Johann Seitz, inZeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1886, pp. 267, 268.
[551]Domenico Lovisato,ubi suprá.
[551]Domenico Lovisato,ubi suprá.
[552]At the Congrès des Américanistes, Paris, 1890.
[552]At the Congrès des Américanistes, Paris, 1890.