SURGERY.

1551.Memorandumthe xxviijthdaye of Aprill in the vthyere of the reigne of King Edwarde the sixte yt was condescended and agreed by MrBancke and Edward Hewit before MrGeen with his Wardeins That John Chambr̃ shall performe his bargayne wthWillm̄ Drew for the healing of his mayde for the mony receyved of him aforehand which is xiijsiiijd.And further yt is agreed that James Wood shall repay to the said Drewe the mony receyved of him which is xiijsiiijd.Also the sayd John Chambr̃ shall agre wththe sayd James Wood for his labor and content him for his payne according to conscience.19th September, 1552.Alsooit ys ordered and agreed that the serṽnts of Straungers that occupye Surgery shall paye xdthe quarter wchis iijsiiijdby yere.

19th September, 1552.Alsooit ys ordered and agreed that the serṽnts of Straungers that occupye Surgery shall paye xdthe quarter wchis iijsiiijdby yere.

5th March, 1555. Among the Articles ordained on this day are thefollowing:—

That there shalbe chosein viij examyners wherof iiij to be alwayes present to examyn all such as experte in Surgery, the Mrand governors being present Wherupon the sayed examyners may sett their hands wththe consent of the Mrand govˀnors hearing the mater. And that the sayed examyners shall not examyn nor geve Lrẽs of lycence but that the Mrand govˀnors shalbe prevy therof. And that there maye be a booke made wherine every mans name that have Lycence to occupye Surgery being approved, to be enrolled and what ys the grace that ys to him or them appointed. And if they take upon them to doo otherwise than there grace ys geven them, the blame to redowne to him or them that so doo and not to the examyners nor to the mrand govˀnors, and that there maye be alwayes at every courte day twoo at the leaste of the sayed examyners during a moneth: and so afterward monethelye two of them to be there whose chaunce the monethe shall fall too yf there besynes be not the greater because themrand govˀnors shoulde not be to seke if anye bodye shoulde be examyned there. And for defaulte of noen being there having no reasonnable excuse, to lose to the hall ijsif he doo not send worde or com̃e himself being in the Cytie of London, or desyen a nother examyner to be there for him when his course ys at every Courte daye because we shoulde not be wtout them who cañ answer the matter towching Surgery.That they whiche be appointed for the Anathomye for the yere next following and must sarve the Docter and be about the bodye he shall se and provyde that there be every yere, a matte about the harthe in the hall that MrDocter made not to take colde upon his feate, nor other gentelmen that do com̃e and marke the Anathomye to learne knowledge And further that there be ij fyne white rodds appointed for the Docter to touche the body where it shall please him and a waxe candell to loke into the bodye and that there be alwayes for the Docter two aprons to be from the sholder downewarde and two peyr of Sleaves for his hole arme wttapes for chaunge for the sayed doctor and not to occupye one Aporne and one payer of Sleves every daye wchys unseamly. And the Mrsof the Anathomye ytbe about the bodye to have lyke aprons and sleves every daye bothe white and cleane. Yf ytthe Mrof the Anathomye ytbe about the Docter doo not see theise things ordered and that their knyves probes and other instrumẽts be fayer and cleane accordinglye wthAprons and sleves, if they doo lacke any of the said things afore rehersed he shall forfayte for a fyne to the hall xls.

That they whiche be appointed for the Anathomye for the yere next following and must sarve the Docter and be about the bodye he shall se and provyde that there be every yere, a matte about the harthe in the hall that MrDocter made not to take colde upon his feate, nor other gentelmen that do com̃e and marke the Anathomye to learne knowledge And further that there be ij fyne white rodds appointed for the Docter to touche the body where it shall please him and a waxe candell to loke into the bodye and that there be alwayes for the Docter two aprons to be from the sholder downewarde and two peyr of Sleaves for his hole arme wttapes for chaunge for the sayed doctor and not to occupye one Aporne and one payer of Sleves every daye wchys unseamly. And the Mrsof the Anathomye ytbe about the bodye to have lyke aprons and sleves every daye bothe white and cleane. Yf ytthe Mrof the Anathomye ytbe about the Docter doo not see theise things ordered and that their knyves probes and other instrumẽts be fayer and cleane accordinglye wthAprons and sleves, if they doo lacke any of the said things afore rehersed he shall forfayte for a fyne to the hall xls.

22nd July, 1556. It was ordained among otherarticles—

An Article that evˀye occupˀing Surgery shall take no mañ’ of prentice but suche as hathe some knowledge in the Latten tonge.That from the feaste of Saint Michaell tharchaungell next comynge no barbor Surgeon that dothe occupye the mystery of Surgery in the Clothinge or out of the Clothing shall take or have any prentys but that he cañ skyll of the Laten tonge and understand the same and cañ wryte and reade suffycientlye and yf they or any of them doo take any that cañ not doo the same they that offende shall paye to the hall for a ffyne xls.An Article that all prentizes that here after shalbe made ffree and do entend to occupye Surgery shalbe examyned and to passe his ffirste prefermẽt of grace.That prentisses that shalbe made ffree after michelmas next comynge that doo occupy the mystery of Surgery and all other men that doo desyer to occupy the same and to be a brother wthus, to be examyned and to passe according to the order of this house as a prefermẽt of a grace to him geven as the order hereafter followeth as he shalbe demaunded and apposoe.An Article howe the sayed pren tizes shalbe examyned.That after michelmas next comyng all pˀntyces when they are made ffree must (be) demaunded by the Mrand govˀnors and the iiij examyners what he intendeth to doo after he is made free, whether he will occupye the mystery of Surgery or no wtin the Cytie of London. Yf he saye ye Then to be examyned what he can doo towards yt, howe he knoweth what ys Surgery and also what an Anatomye ys and howe manye perts it ys, of what the iiijorElements and the xij signes be wchys the fyrste pert of examynac͠on for a prentyce & for other that wilbe brother with us as the examyners shall see cause, for having of their preferment of their first grace to them to be geven.An Article that upon his examy’on of Surgery the said prentis shall have his preferme’t of grace and if he or they can reade to bring in qr’terly an epistle.That when he hathe aunswered to the firste article preyving that he hathe some Learninge or practyse Then to have his firste preferment of grace to occupye Surgery by the space of so many yeres or tyme as the Mrand govˀnors and the examyners shall thinke meete, and as his Industrye shall seme to receyve the grace of god and by his dilligent travell to studye in the same and for an homage thereof if he be learned or can wryte to bringe in an Epistell evˀy half yere and to reade it himselfe openly at the day of Lecture before the hole house that they may see his furtheraunce how he hathe profyted in his dilligent Labor and studye, and the unlearned that can not wryte nor reade to be examyned half yerelye what they can doo in the practyse because they be unlettered by the mrand govˀnors and the Examyners how they have taken payens in their studye to practyse because they be unlettered for the Savegarde of the kg̃ and queenes mãtspeople.An Article that any man desyr ing to have his prefermẽt of grace shall paye to the Clarcke for yewryting therof viijd.That any man occupyinge the mystery of Surgery being made free and desiereth to have his firste preferment of grace shall paye to the Clercke of the Companye for the wrytinge Inrolling fynding waxe to seale it and for the having of the Seale viijd.An Article that no man occup’ing Surgery shall sewe for the Busshopes seale before he be admitted a Mrof Surgery by the Mrand govˀnors & the iiij Examyners.That no man of the Companye after the feaste of Saint Michell Tharchaungell next comyng shall call for the Busshopes seale which ys the confyrmac͠on of a Surgeon untill suche tyme as he hathe passed his fyrste preferment of grace & the Seconde admyssion to be admitted to be a Surgeon and a Maister of Anathomye, and to paye for the having of the Seconde admyssyon a spone of an ounce of Silver and his name to be wrytten upon it to the hall, and the Clercke of the Company for the wryting and findinge waxe and enrolling of yt in the boke viijd.and if the pˀson doo not this passe orderly he to paye for a ffyne to the hall xls.

An Article that evˀye occupˀing Surgery shall take no mañ’ of prentice but suche as hathe some knowledge in the Latten tonge.

That from the feaste of Saint Michaell tharchaungell next comynge no barbor Surgeon that dothe occupye the mystery of Surgery in the Clothinge or out of the Clothing shall take or have any prentys but that he cañ skyll of the Laten tonge and understand the same and cañ wryte and reade suffycientlye and yf they or any of them doo take any that cañ not doo the same they that offende shall paye to the hall for a ffyne xls.

An Article that all prentizes that here after shalbe made ffree and do entend to occupye Surgery shalbe examyned and to passe his ffirste prefermẽt of grace.

That prentisses that shalbe made ffree after michelmas next comynge that doo occupy the mystery of Surgery and all other men that doo desyer to occupy the same and to be a brother wthus, to be examyned and to passe according to the order of this house as a prefermẽt of a grace to him geven as the order hereafter followeth as he shalbe demaunded and apposoe.

An Article howe the sayed pren tizes shalbe examyned.

That after michelmas next comyng all pˀntyces when they are made ffree must (be) demaunded by the Mrand govˀnors and the iiij examyners what he intendeth to doo after he is made free, whether he will occupye the mystery of Surgery or no wtin the Cytie of London. Yf he saye ye Then to be examyned what he can doo towards yt, howe he knoweth what ys Surgery and also what an Anatomye ys and howe manye perts it ys, of what the iiijorElements and the xij signes be wchys the fyrste pert of examynac͠on for a prentyce & for other that wilbe brother with us as the examyners shall see cause, for having of their preferment of their first grace to them to be geven.

An Article that upon his examy’on of Surgery the said prentis shall have his preferme’t of grace and if he or they can reade to bring in qr’terly an epistle.

That when he hathe aunswered to the firste article preyving that he hathe some Learninge or practyse Then to have his firste preferment of grace to occupye Surgery by the space of so many yeres or tyme as the Mrand govˀnors and the examyners shall thinke meete, and as his Industrye shall seme to receyve the grace of god and by his dilligent travell to studye in the same and for an homage thereof if he be learned or can wryte to bringe in an Epistell evˀy half yere and to reade it himselfe openly at the day of Lecture before the hole house that they may see his furtheraunce how he hathe profyted in his dilligent Labor and studye, and the unlearned that can not wryte nor reade to be examyned half yerelye what they can doo in the practyse because they be unlettered by the mrand govˀnors and the Examyners how they have taken payens in their studye to practyse because they be unlettered for the Savegarde of the kg̃ and queenes mãtspeople.

An Article that any man desyr ing to have his prefermẽt of grace shall paye to the Clarcke for yewryting therof viijd.

That any man occupyinge the mystery of Surgery being made free and desiereth to have his firste preferment of grace shall paye to the Clercke of the Companye for the wrytinge Inrolling fynding waxe to seale it and for the having of the Seale viijd.

An Article that no man occup’ing Surgery shall sewe for the Busshopes seale before he be admitted a Mrof Surgery by the Mrand govˀnors & the iiij Examyners.

That no man of the Companye after the feaste of Saint Michell Tharchaungell next comyng shall call for the Busshopes seale which ys the confyrmac͠on of a Surgeon untill suche tyme as he hathe passed his fyrste preferment of grace & the Seconde admyssion to be admitted to be a Surgeon and a Maister of Anathomye, and to paye for the having of the Seconde admyssyon a spone of an ounce of Silver and his name to be wrytten upon it to the hall, and the Clercke of the Company for the wryting and findinge waxe and enrolling of yt in the boke viijd.and if the pˀson doo not this passe orderly he to paye for a ffyne to the hall xls.

The orderof the ffyrste preferment of grace of the admissyon of practycyoners that have been prentizes and be made ffree what they shall have fyrste towards their preferment.

The order of the first prefermẽt of grace of practicioñs and prentices.Fforasmocheas yt is expedyent that no man occupye the worthye Scyence of Surgerye but suche as shalbe thoughte apte and industrˀ to execute the same truelye and accordinglye as well for the comodytie and proffyt of the comen welthe as also for the avoyding of the Inconveniences and Slaunder that otherwise mighte happen by the rasshenes and unconning of suche lewde persons as taketh upon them to exercyse Surgery being neither expert nor of us admytted to the same. And forasmoche as it is not possyble that any shall attayne to the same wtout instrucc͠ons firste learned of conninge and well exercysed men of that facultie: being broughte up therin as a practycyoner or otherwise under some well scylled Mrfor certayne yeres: in whiche tyme he mighte applye his mynde to learne perfectly the rules and speculatyve pert therof. The maister and govˀnors of the Barbors and Surgeons of London wththe foure Examyners and the rest of the hole assistaunce have thoughte it good after suche tyme and terme of yeres expired every suche prentis or otherwise Servaunt being made ffre of the sayed Companye and ffellowship shall also have a tyme appointed by us and the reste of the Companye to practise and to put in use suche knowledge as he hathe that we in tyme afterwarde havinge intelligence of his connynge and well dooyngs may constitute him a maister of Surgery if his deserving so requier.Wherforewe the sayed Maisters and governors and the iiijorexamyners wththe rest of the hole assistaunce here at this instante doo admitt A. B. as a practycyoner: who hath served as a prentis with R. G. maister aucthorisshed of this Company the space of yeares and now being a freeman of this Companye to practise Surgery in all placˀs according to his knowledge for the space of yeares as a tryall and a proofe of his knowledge may be had. In Witnesse wherof of the premisses we have caused this Lrẽ to be sealed wtour seale of our hall touching the firste admissyon of his fyrste prefermẽt of grace the xxiiijthday of Julye Anno dñi 1556.

The order of the first prefermẽt of grace of practicioñs and prentices.

Fforasmocheas yt is expedyent that no man occupye the worthye Scyence of Surgerye but suche as shalbe thoughte apte and industrˀ to execute the same truelye and accordinglye as well for the comodytie and proffyt of the comen welthe as also for the avoyding of the Inconveniences and Slaunder that otherwise mighte happen by the rasshenes and unconning of suche lewde persons as taketh upon them to exercyse Surgery being neither expert nor of us admytted to the same. And forasmoche as it is not possyble that any shall attayne to the same wtout instrucc͠ons firste learned of conninge and well exercysed men of that facultie: being broughte up therin as a practycyoner or otherwise under some well scylled Mrfor certayne yeres: in whiche tyme he mighte applye his mynde to learne perfectly the rules and speculatyve pert therof. The maister and govˀnors of the Barbors and Surgeons of London wththe foure Examyners and the rest of the hole assistaunce have thoughte it good after suche tyme and terme of yeres expired every suche prentis or otherwise Servaunt being made ffre of the sayed Companye and ffellowship shall also have a tyme appointed by us and the reste of the Companye to practise and to put in use suche knowledge as he hathe that we in tyme afterwarde havinge intelligence of his connynge and well dooyngs may constitute him a maister of Surgery if his deserving so requier.Wherforewe the sayed Maisters and governors and the iiijorexamyners wththe rest of the hole assistaunce here at this instante doo admitt A. B. as a practycyoner: who hath served as a prentis with R. G. maister aucthorisshed of this Company the space of yeares and now being a freeman of this Companye to practise Surgery in all placˀs according to his knowledge for the space of yeares as a tryall and a proofe of his knowledge may be had. In Witnesse wherof of the premisses we have caused this Lrẽ to be sealed wtour seale of our hall touching the firste admissyon of his fyrste prefermẽt of grace the xxiiijthday of Julye Anno dñi 1556.

The Orderof the firste preferm̄et of their grace that be Lay bretherne that occupye the Scyence of Surgery wthus and also for them that be not a brother wthus and dothe desyre to be (of) us for their fyrste admissyon of practycyoners.

The order of the firste prefermẽt of grace for Laye Bretherne.“Fforasmocheas yt is moste expedyent that no man occupie,” etc., etc. This licence is similar to the last one excepting that it provides that the person admitted beingmade a brother, though no free man, should have a time given to him in which to practise the art of Surgery on approval.

The order of the firste prefermẽt of grace for Laye Bretherne.

“Fforasmocheas yt is moste expedyent that no man occupie,” etc., etc. This licence is similar to the last one excepting that it provides that the person admitted beingmade a brother, though no free man, should have a time given to him in which to practise the art of Surgery on approval.

The Orderof the Admissyon of Maisters of Surgery and of the Anatamye to be confyrmed for ever before they have the Seale of the Busshop wchmaketh up the hole confyrmac͠on of a master of Surgery & of Anathomye.

The order of the admissyon of a Mrof Surgerye.WeThomas Knot MrThomas Gayle John Smythe and Thomˀs ffishe Governors Thomas Vycary George Hollande George Geen and Richard fferes Mrsand examyners of the Company of Barbours and Surgeons of London wththe rest of the whole assistaunce of the same Companye To all men to whome this wryting shall come greting.Wecertifye youe by this Lrẽ that whereas orwelbeloved in Christe T. A. ys not onely a man of honest fame and good behaveor but is also expert connynge and well exercysed in the arte of Surgery as his welldefycell186cures and prosperous successe wchcan not be dooen wtout maturate judgement and Learninge dothe make thereof moste certayne trueth and be assure witnes. ffurther more we are assured by the experyence we have of the man that he is not onely substancyally well exercysed in the curing of infyrmities belonging to Surgery of the p̃ts of mans bodye comonly called the Anathomye: Wherfore we aswell in the behalf equyte reason and conscyence as also for the preferm̃et of Learning knowledge and experyence doo thinke yt meete convenyent and reasonnable to constitute the same T. A. bothe A Maister of Surgery and also of the Anathomye and willeth him so to be taken for ever hereafter and to have auctorytie to exercyse & occupye as well the one as the other wheresoever he shall come wtin this Realme or ellswhere of the premissesInWitnes wherof we have caused this Lrẽ to be sealed wtthe great comon seale of our Hall the xxiijthdaye of July Aodñi 1556.27th August, 1557. The same daye It Wase ffurder ordered and agreed that all men of the saide Companye and fellowshypp usinge the mystere and crafte of Surgerye maye take unto hys or yrApprentice anye person or personsalthoweth187he or they be not lerned in the Latin Tonge, anye Acte here to fore made to the contrarye not with standinge.

The order of the admissyon of a Mrof Surgerye.

WeThomas Knot MrThomas Gayle John Smythe and Thomˀs ffishe Governors Thomas Vycary George Hollande George Geen and Richard fferes Mrsand examyners of the Company of Barbours and Surgeons of London wththe rest of the whole assistaunce of the same Companye To all men to whome this wryting shall come greting.Wecertifye youe by this Lrẽ that whereas orwelbeloved in Christe T. A. ys not onely a man of honest fame and good behaveor but is also expert connynge and well exercysed in the arte of Surgery as his welldefycell186cures and prosperous successe wchcan not be dooen wtout maturate judgement and Learninge dothe make thereof moste certayne trueth and be assure witnes. ffurther more we are assured by the experyence we have of the man that he is not onely substancyally well exercysed in the curing of infyrmities belonging to Surgery of the p̃ts of mans bodye comonly called the Anathomye: Wherfore we aswell in the behalf equyte reason and conscyence as also for the preferm̃et of Learning knowledge and experyence doo thinke yt meete convenyent and reasonnable to constitute the same T. A. bothe A Maister of Surgery and also of the Anathomye and willeth him so to be taken for ever hereafter and to have auctorytie to exercyse & occupye as well the one as the other wheresoever he shall come wtin this Realme or ellswhere of the premissesInWitnes wherof we have caused this Lrẽ to be sealed wtthe great comon seale of our Hall the xxiijthdaye of July Aodñi 1556.

27th August, 1557. The same daye It Wase ffurder ordered and agreed that all men of the saide Companye and fellowshypp usinge the mystere and crafte of Surgerye maye take unto hys or yrApprentice anye person or personsalthoweth187he or they be not lerned in the Latin Tonge, anye Acte here to fore made to the contrarye not with standinge.

The same day it was ordered that the two Masters of Anatomy should have the keys and custody of the“Lyberary and of the Instr̃ments” therein, and that the Wardens of the Yeomanry were to keep the Instruments clean.

Attendance by the members on the Surgical side was compulsory at the Anatomy lectures, and 27th August, 1557, is an order of Court that Robert Mudsley (Master in 1572 and 1580) “hath lycence to be absent from all lecture dayes wthoute paymẽte any fyne for by cawse he hath gyven over the exercysynge of the arte of Surgery and doth occupy only a sylk shoppe and shave.”

A little later on, William Cawsey had licence to be absent from the lectures on payment of a yearly fine of 3s.4d., and there are scores of similar exemptions in the books.

1st March, 1558. Jasper the Cutter for the Stoane had Lycence by the Mrand govˀnors that he shall worcke and set forth his sygne and he payde for hys fyne xsand yf that he do not go ovˀ in to his owne cuntrye before whytsontide nexte after folowyng he hath promysed that he wylbe a brother of this howse but as yet he ys not admytted a brother.

25th October, 1558. There was before the Court one LeonardoRodergo—

Surgeon & deuchem̃a whome pˀsumptinglye & arogantly stood and bragged wtha letter to be in the name of Kyng Phillippe lycencing hym to occupye surgery wtin all yeKyngs & quenes domynions & when yt was seene yrto was nether seale nor the kyngs hande, but a sorte of Spanyards hands & names whome he sayde afterwards yt one of them was yekyngs secretary & thother of his Councell.

Dr. J. J. Howard had in his collection the following document, which, as he says, affords good evidence of the low condition of Surgical practice in the metropolis at the accession of Elizabeth.

Elizabethby the grace of God Queen of England Fraunce and Irelonde Defender of the faith etc.To allMayours Sheriffs Baylliffs Constables and all other our Offycers Mynisters and Subjects thees our Lettres hearinge or seinge and to every of them greetinge.

Welett you wete that for certeyn consideracions us movinge we have by theise presents auctorised and lycensed our Trustie and Wellbeloved ServaunteThomas UncarnSergeant of our Surgions and the Wardens of the Fellowshippof the said Surgions within our Cytie of London that now be or hereafter shalbe, that they by themselfs or their assigne bearer hereof shal and may from hensforth take and reteyne at our wages as well within the Cytie of London as elsewhere within any other Cytie Towne Boroughe or other place within this our Realme as well franchised and privileged as not franchised nor privileged suche and as many Surgions as they shall thinke mete and able from time to time to doe unto us servyce in the scyence of Surgerie at any season hereafter as well by sea as lande and further that the Sergeant and Wardeyns aforesaide shal or maye take of suche as be not able to serve suche instruments and other stuff of Surgerie as they shal thinke mete to sarve agreinge and payinge therfor to all suche of whom any suche instruments or stuff shal be taken.Wherfore Wewoll and comaunde you and eṽy of you that unto our saide Sergiant and the Wardeyns aforesaid and their assigne bearer hereof in the due execucion of this our aucthoritie and lycense ye be aydinge helpinge and assistinge as oft as the case shal require without any your denyall lett or contradycion as ye and eṽy of you tender our pleasure and woll avoide the contrary at your perilInWitness whereof We have caused theis our Lettres of Commissyon to be sealed with our Greate Seale. Wytness ourself at Westmynstre the day of December the seconde yere of our Reigne.

1st October, 1566, is an entry of the translation from the Woodmongers’ Company of William Slade, who was stated to be “a Surgeon & learned yt wthRic. Venar & John Hall at Maydstone.” This John Hall was a famous Surgeon in his day and wrote “An Historiall Expostulation Against the beastlye Abusers, bothe of Chyrurgerie and Physyke,” which has been reprinted with several valuable notes by the Percy Society (Vol. XI) accompanied with John Hall’s portrait.

14th January, 1567. MrDoctor Julyo made request ythe myghte have the work of the anathomy these iiijoror fyve yeres so ytthe coledge of the phicysions sholde not put hym from us & also ythe myghte have pˀvat anathomyes at his demaunde in this howse.

16th January, 1567. It was agreed that Dr. Julius Borgarneins (“Dr. Julyo”) should “make and worke owranathomyes and skellytons” for the space of five years.

18th March, 1567. Thomas Wells, Merchant Taylor, complained against Nicholas Wyborde for “not curynge his mans hed ythe tooke in hande.”

The following order for the erection of raised seats for the members attending the Anatomy lectures, and for a screen to temporarily hide the body, indicates the growing interest taken by the Company in the furtherance of technical education; and from the reference totheskeleton, for which a case was directed to be made, it is highly probable that this was the only specimen which the Company in those days possessed!

1st February, 1568. Also yt ys ordayned and agreed by this Courte That there shalbe buyldyngꝭ don and made aboute the hall for Seates for the Companye that com̃eth unto every publyque anathomy, ffor by cawse that every pˀsone comyng to se the same maye have good pˀspect over the same and that one sholde not cover the syght thereof one frome another as here to fore the Company have much cõplayned on the same. And also foder more yt is agreed that the olde standyng wchdid sˀve for the company of the clothing at coronacions or any noble pere his com̃yng throughe the cytie oute of any fforeyns Cõntrey or lande, for bycawse yt is broken and spoyled and olde shall all be put to the makyng of the saide seates or for sparyng of the charge for new Tymber. And also That whan yt shall happen any greate pere of any fforren Lande upon tryumphe to com̃e as aforsaid and the Company beynge then com̃anded to theyre standyng for to receyve any noble man for the honorof the prince kynge or quene of this Realme of England and the cytie of London, That then as now and now as then also the Mrand govˀnorsfor the tyme beyng shall buylde & make a new Substanciall and Com̃ly fayer standyng To serve in lyke and ample maner. And also ther shalbe pyllers and Rodꝭ of Iron made to beare and drawe Courteynes upon & aboute the frame where wthin the Anathomy doth lye and is wrought upon, for bycawse that no pˀsone or pˀsones shall beholde the desections or incysyngꝭ of the body, but that all maye be made cleane and covered wthfayer clothes untyll the Docter shall com and take his place to reade and declare upon the partes desected. And also yet forder more also, That there shalbe a case of weynscot made wthpaynters worke yrupon as semely as maye be don ffor the skellyton to stande in and that for the Worshyp of the Company—and all these to be made wrought and don at the charges of the mistery and Com̃on boxe of the hall.16th March, 1568. Here was Edward Park for ythe hath wretten upon his Surgeons signe the skoller of StThomas of Wallingforde and the said Edward Parke is comaunded by the aucthorytie of this worsshyphfull Courte That he the said Edward Parke shall wthall expedicion put oute of his said Signe the said wrytinge & to sett his signe as other Surgeons do wtout any superscryption yt upon and not ells otherwyse as he wyll answere to the contrarye.13th July, 1568. In this Courte John ffrende is comytted to warde for a pacient dyeing under his hands and not presented.19th April, 1569. Here was the wyfe of Richard Selbye of London Ironmonger playntyf agaynst William Wyse for that he cured not her housbonds leg as he promysed he wolde have don, and yt is ordered that Wylliam Wyse shall repaye agayne of the money wchhe receyved in parte of the bargayne made be twene them and then was in the pˀsents of this Courte payde unto Agnes the wyf of the above said Richard Selby vjsviijdand so William Wyse is clerely dyscharged of pacyent & all.

16th March, 1568. Here was Edward Park for ythe hath wretten upon his Surgeons signe the skoller of StThomas of Wallingforde and the said Edward Parke is comaunded by the aucthorytie of this worsshyphfull Courte That he the said Edward Parke shall wthall expedicion put oute of his said Signe the said wrytinge & to sett his signe as other Surgeons do wtout any superscryption yt upon and not ells otherwyse as he wyll answere to the contrarye.

13th July, 1568. In this Courte John ffrende is comytted to warde for a pacient dyeing under his hands and not presented.

19th April, 1569. Here was the wyfe of Richard Selbye of London Ironmonger playntyf agaynst William Wyse for that he cured not her housbonds leg as he promysed he wolde have don, and yt is ordered that Wylliam Wyse shall repaye agayne of the money wchhe receyved in parte of the bargayne made be twene them and then was in the pˀsents of this Courte payde unto Agnes the wyf of the above said Richard Selby vjsviijdand so William Wyse is clerely dyscharged of pacyent & all.

1570. This year it was deemed advisable to increase the number of the Examiners in Surgery from five to seven, and these were Mr. Serjeant Balthrop, Mr. Alexander Mason, Mr. Thomas Baylie, Mr. Robert Mudesley, Mr. John Field, Mr. John Yates, and Mr. William Bovie.

5th April, 1570. It was agreed that in consequence of the great charges with which the Company was always burdened in time of wars, in setting forth sufficient surgeons and their men with unguents, balms, etc., as also common soldiers, that a petition should be sent to the Queen for redress in the matter of providing soldiers.

11th April, 1570. Here was one playntyf agaynst WmBeton for a bubo & WmBeton wyll heale hym yf he wylbe ruled by him.28th April, 1570. In this Courte WmGyllam is charged to cure Elizabeth Hyns of carmebrontyasis & once a day Gyllam shall pˀseve her untyll she be hole and then she shall paye the said Gillam in the pˀsents of this Courte in redy money vjs.viijd.11th November, 1572. Here was one Steven Robinson to complaine againste Edward Parke for arestinge hym for the curinge of hym for v yeres seence. (Which means that Parke had sued Robinson for a surgeon’s bill five years old, without leave of the Court.)12th February, 1573. Here was John ffrend and was comaunded to lay downe his fyne for not pˀntinge MrWatson of the Towre wchdyed of Gangrena in his fote and he pdxvs.

11th April, 1570. Here was one playntyf agaynst WmBeton for a bubo & WmBeton wyll heale hym yf he wylbe ruled by him.

28th April, 1570. In this Courte WmGyllam is charged to cure Elizabeth Hyns of carmebrontyasis & once a day Gyllam shall pˀseve her untyll she be hole and then she shall paye the said Gillam in the pˀsents of this Courte in redy money vjs.viijd.

11th November, 1572. Here was one Steven Robinson to complaine againste Edward Parke for arestinge hym for the curinge of hym for v yeres seence. (Which means that Parke had sued Robinson for a surgeon’s bill five years old, without leave of the Court.)

12th February, 1573. Here was John ffrend and was comaunded to lay downe his fyne for not pˀntinge MrWatson of the Towre wchdyed of Gangrena in his fote and he pdxvs.

This non-presentation of patients in danger of death, was a common offence, and Mr. Frend had been previously convicted of it (13th July, 1568), on which occasion he was committed to prison.

31st March, 1573. Here was Edwarde Saunders warned because he wold not paye the Anathomytꝭ ther dutye and also that he had let one bloude at Blackwall and that he dyed, his arme fallynge to Gangrena and made no pˀsentac͠on therof also that he wtheld certeyne things of Whittingtons widdowe and he was willed to be here the next Courte daye.21st April, 1573. Here was one to complaineone188John Burges for not delinge well wthhym in his cure concernynge a sore arme and he is to be warned the next court.28th April, 1573. Here was John Burgis and witnessed that the said pacient would not be ordered as was necessary and therefore he forsoke to deale wthhym.21st May, 1573. Here was John Deane and appoynted to brynge in his fyne xlifor havinge an Anathomye in his howse contrary to an order in that behalf between this and mydsomer next.

21st April, 1573. Here was one to complaineone188John Burges for not delinge well wthhym in his cure concernynge a sore arme and he is to be warned the next court.

28th April, 1573. Here was John Burgis and witnessed that the said pacient would not be ordered as was necessary and therefore he forsoke to deale wthhym.

21st May, 1573. Here was John Deane and appoynted to brynge in his fyne xlifor havinge an Anathomye in his howse contrary to an order in that behalf between this and mydsomer next.

21st July, 1573. “Here was one Robert Grottell a straunger and cutter for the Stone, admitted a brother and paid iiijli” and bound to pay the remainder of his fine for admission at the rate of 10s.per quarter.

30th July, 1573. Here was one John Gardener a healer of the rupture and Stone and was examyned and had his Lr̃e of Admyttaunce and paid.15th September, 1573. Here was one Alexander Capes a carpenter and required that he might have some helpe concernyng his griefs consyderinge that he had ben in thands of John ffrend Willm̃ Wise & Richard Storye and had geven them mony for to be cured and was not, wherefor order was taken that they should deale further wthhim for his health.11th May, 1574. Here was James Marcadye and required to have Lycens of absensone189Lecture dayes and it was graunted hym savinge that he muste pay for his lycens xxdthe quarter.

30th July, 1573. Here was one John Gardener a healer of the rupture and Stone and was examyned and had his Lr̃e of Admyttaunce and paid.

15th September, 1573. Here was one Alexander Capes a carpenter and required that he might have some helpe concernyng his griefs consyderinge that he had ben in thands of John ffrend Willm̃ Wise & Richard Storye and had geven them mony for to be cured and was not, wherefor order was taken that they should deale further wthhim for his health.

11th May, 1574. Here was James Marcadye and required to have Lycens of absensone189Lecture dayes and it was graunted hym savinge that he muste pay for his lycens xxdthe quarter.

Surgeons were continually being called before the Court for “evil dealing” with their patients, and for not performing cures for which they had received the money beforehand. The Court generally endeavoured to effect a friendly relationship between the parties, though in cases which were considered as clearly proved against the Surgeon, he was either fined or imprisoned, or else ordered to make suitable compensation to the patient.

7th September, 1574. Here was John Griffen complayned uppon William Pownsabe for gevinge him a powder wchlossed all the teeth in his head, wchJohn Griffen had the dissease wchwe call Demorbo gallico.

2nd February, 1575. Wm. Pownsabe was ordered to confess his fault for his “unskilfull dealinges” with John Griffen and to pay him 5s.as compensation.

13th March, 1576. Here was a complainte determyned upon wchwas made against Tho: Hodes and for that he was provde ignorant he is bounde in xllinever to medle in any matter of Sˀgery.3rd April, 1576. Here was a complainte against Willm̃ More by one Henry Dobbyns for that he did not cure his sonne but made the same worse.

13th March, 1576. Here was a complainte determyned upon wchwas made against Tho: Hodes and for that he was provde ignorant he is bounde in xllinever to medle in any matter of Sˀgery.

3rd April, 1576. Here was a complainte against Willm̃ More by one Henry Dobbyns for that he did not cure his sonne but made the same worse.

10th May, 1576. William More was ordered, on account of his ignorance, to meddle no more in Surgery.

2nd October, 1576. Here was likewyse a complaint by one Tho: Adams against JohnPˀadice190for that the saide John had receyved certen monie in hand and a gowne in pawne for a remainder to cure the daughter of the saide Tho: whiche daughter died and the pore man made request for the gowne agayne and so the Mrand governorsabovesaide awarded that the saide Jo: Pˀadice sholde redelivˀ the gowne the next tuesdaie and that the saide Tho: Adams sholde geve unto the saide Jo: Pˀadyce towardꝭ his bote hier spent in going to the made at Putney vs.8th October, 1577. Here was a complainte made by one Mrs.Riche against Robt. Bewsy for that he had her husbonde to cure who died and the said Bewsye said and repoˀted that she was an evell liver and that he died of a botch called Bubo veneria and taken of her, wchhe denied, but beinge proved she put the matter wholie to this woˀshipfull howse who did award that he sholde in the pˀsence of her nighbors who were here present in the pˀlor upon his knees aske her forgevenes, wchhe did and so the matter was finally ended.7th February, 1578. Here was a complainte against Willm̃ Knightly for Cuttinge of the yearde of his pacient but yt was pˀved by one MrGrene that the member was mortefied and so there was little to be saide against him.24th February, 1578. Here was a Complaint against Willm̃Clowes191by Richard Carrington for that the saide Willm̃ Clowes as he saide had abused him in wordes in the hall and here they did shake handes and were made frends, for that the said Clowes had been sent to ward before by the saide Richard Carrington being one of the wardens of the yeomanry.18th March, 1578. At this Coˀte Hewe Placket was rebuked for takeing upon him to heale a pacient who ys deade and comaundement geven that he shall medle no more in surgerie.

8th October, 1577. Here was a complainte made by one Mrs.Riche against Robt. Bewsy for that he had her husbonde to cure who died and the said Bewsye said and repoˀted that she was an evell liver and that he died of a botch called Bubo veneria and taken of her, wchhe denied, but beinge proved she put the matter wholie to this woˀshipfull howse who did award that he sholde in the pˀsence of her nighbors who were here present in the pˀlor upon his knees aske her forgevenes, wchhe did and so the matter was finally ended.

7th February, 1578. Here was a complainte against Willm̃ Knightly for Cuttinge of the yearde of his pacient but yt was pˀved by one MrGrene that the member was mortefied and so there was little to be saide against him.

24th February, 1578. Here was a Complaint against Willm̃Clowes191by Richard Carrington for that the saide Willm̃ Clowes as he saide had abused him in wordes in the hall and here they did shake handes and were made frends, for that the said Clowes had been sent to ward before by the saide Richard Carrington being one of the wardens of the yeomanry.

18th March, 1578. At this Coˀte Hewe Placket was rebuked for takeing upon him to heale a pacient who ys deade and comaundement geven that he shall medle no more in surgerie.

20th March, 1578. It wasordered:—

That yf any man of this misterie shall at any tyme hereafter make any booke or bookes of Surgerie the same shall not be published unles the same booke or bookes be first presented unto the masters governors and examenors of this Companie for the tyme beinge upon payne of xli.

The following order was doubtless directed against a prevalent mania for relics of notorious criminals.

17th July, 1578. That no pˀson or pˀsons of this Companie do presume at anie tyme or tymes hereafter of Anathomies to take and carrie awaie or cause to be taken or carried awaie any pˀte of the skynn of anie bodie whiche shall at anie tyme hereafter happen to be wrought upon wthin the hall of the misterie and the same tann or cause to be tanned like lether upon the payne of vli.7th December, 1581. It ys agreed that there shalbe a Bill put into the pˀliament house for easinge the Companie of the charge of sendinge souldiers to the wars and also for suppressinge of lewd dealers in surgerye.

7th December, 1581. It ys agreed that there shalbe a Bill put into the pˀliament house for easinge the Companie of the charge of sendinge souldiers to the wars and also for suppressinge of lewd dealers in surgerye.

18th July, 1583. The Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen having recommended that persons using Barbery should not practise Surgery, the Master and Governors went to Guildhall, and there promised the Court of Aldermen that they would compel all their free Barbers to enter into bonds not to “medle or deale wthany sick of the plauge or infected cum morbo gallico,” and accordingly the Barbers entered into bonds to that effect.

In Stow’s Annales, ed. 1592, p. 1261, is the following remarkable account of a “subject” coming to life again at our hall.

1587. The 20 of Februarie, a strange thing happened a man hanged for felonie at Saint Thomas Wateringes, being begged by the Chirurgions of London, to have made of him an Anatomie, after hee was dead to all mens thinking, cut downe, stripped of his apparell, laide naked in a chest, throwne into a carre, and so brought from the place of execution through the Borough of Southwarke over the bridge, and through the Citie of London to the Chirurgions Hall nere unto Cripelgate: The chest being there opened, and the weather extreeme cold hee was found to be alive, and lived till the three and twentie of Februarie, and then died.

It was doubtless the above circumstance, to which reference is made in the next minute; it would seem that the body had been begged by some surgeons and taken to the hall to be dissected there,it being unlawful to dissect elsewhere, and that on the resuscitation of the unhappy man, the Company had been put to some expenses whereupon they made an order to provide for any similar case in the future. This body would be what is often referred to in the Books as a “private anatomy,” in opposition to the four “public” bodies of felons to which the Company were annually entitled.

13th July, 1587. Iˀtm yt ys agreed That yf any bodie wchshall at anie tyme hereafter happen to be brought to orHall for the intent to be wrought uppon by Thanatomistes of orCompanie shall revyve or come to lyfe agayne as of late hathe ben seene The charges aboute the same bodie so revivinge shalbe borne levied and susteyned by such pˀson or pˀsons who shall so happen to bringe home the Bodie. And further shall abide suche order or ffyne as this Howse shall Awarde.7th December, 1598. This daye commaundmtcam from the lordes of her matsmost ho: privie councell for to presse a sufficient Surgeon for her matssˀvice in Ireland under the conduct of Captayne Winsor.

7th December, 1598. This daye commaundmtcam from the lordes of her matsmost ho: privie councell for to presse a sufficient Surgeon for her matssˀvice in Ireland under the conduct of Captayne Winsor.

12th December, 1598. John Cumberland was pressed for the above service and delivered into his Captain’s charge, and four or five other Surgeons were also pressed and handed overnolens volens. One of these, Dominick Lomeline (or Lumley, Master in 1629), is recorded on the 16th January following as having “confessed voluntarelye before the Masters that to be dischardged of his presse for Ireland it stud him in Twenty Nobles of which the Captayne had in monye three poundes.”

6th February, 1599. This daie one Richard Hallydaie marriner made his complainte of Raphe Rowley for settinge forthe an insufficient man not approved to serve as a surgeon at sea in the Sheepe called the Costely of London by whose unskylfullnes hee was dismembred of his arme and is in greate dainger of liefe.

Ralph Rowley had been pressed for a Sea Surgeon, and this complaint would be against him for the incompetency of some substitute, whom he had no doubt paid to take his place.

27th March, 1599. It is ordered that an Informac͠on be exhibited againste the Sexton of White Chappell for Surgerye.6th August, 1599. This daie the Maister of the Company made his petic͠on to the lorde Bishopp of London that noe person shoulde be admitted to practize Surgerie but suche person as shoulde have the seale of this house to testefie his examinac͠on before the Maisters &c. which was graunted And order sett downe for the same.23rd October, 1599. Pascall Lane hath Thursdaie comme a moneth to be examined and in the meane tyme not to hange out banners and not to cutt unles he acquainte the mrstherewithall.27th November, 1599. This daie Richard Cadwalder hath undertaken that Roberte Thompson noweshewed192in the Exchequer for useinge surgerie withoute asigne193shall uppon his retorne be examined concerninge his skille in Surgerye and shall paie suche chardges as shalbe due to this howse.10th June, 1600. This daye Olivˀ Peacock brought in his fine for not pˀsentinge hisCure194being nowe dead and it was mittigated to five shillinges And it is farthˀr ordered that he practize surgery no more.3rd July, 1600. This daye Andrew Mathew Edward Peck Robert Steward and Owine Jones free brothˀrs of this mistery were at their sevˀall instancˀs examined & approved concerninge their skill in the arte of Surgery and had their severall letters of grace undrthe seale of the sayd mistery by Richard Wood Willm̄ Martin Thomas Thorney & John Peck examiners appoynted in the pˀsence of the Mrsof this Company.8th July, 1600. This daye warrant came to the Mrsfor thepˀsinge195of a Surgeon for Captayne Thomas Minn bearinge date the sixth daye of this instant moneth.15th July, 1600. This daye Raphe Barrett & Robert Thompson forrenSurgeons196made theyr request to the Mrsthat they might be examyned on thursdaye next Whereuppon it was ordered that the Examyners should be warned to be at the hall at the sayd tyme.29th July, 1600. This daye it is ordered that John Mowle shalbe warned to be before the Mrsthe next Court for usinge Surgery beinge but a barber.

27th March, 1599. It is ordered that an Informac͠on be exhibited againste the Sexton of White Chappell for Surgerye.

6th August, 1599. This daie the Maister of the Company made his petic͠on to the lorde Bishopp of London that noe person shoulde be admitted to practize Surgerie but suche person as shoulde have the seale of this house to testefie his examinac͠on before the Maisters &c. which was graunted And order sett downe for the same.

23rd October, 1599. Pascall Lane hath Thursdaie comme a moneth to be examined and in the meane tyme not to hange out banners and not to cutt unles he acquainte the mrstherewithall.

27th November, 1599. This daie Richard Cadwalder hath undertaken that Roberte Thompson noweshewed192in the Exchequer for useinge surgerie withoute asigne193shall uppon his retorne be examined concerninge his skille in Surgerye and shall paie suche chardges as shalbe due to this howse.

10th June, 1600. This daye Olivˀ Peacock brought in his fine for not pˀsentinge hisCure194being nowe dead and it was mittigated to five shillinges And it is farthˀr ordered that he practize surgery no more.

3rd July, 1600. This daye Andrew Mathew Edward Peck Robert Steward and Owine Jones free brothˀrs of this mistery were at their sevˀall instancˀs examined & approved concerninge their skill in the arte of Surgery and had their severall letters of grace undrthe seale of the sayd mistery by Richard Wood Willm̄ Martin Thomas Thorney & John Peck examiners appoynted in the pˀsence of the Mrsof this Company.

8th July, 1600. This daye warrant came to the Mrsfor thepˀsinge195of a Surgeon for Captayne Thomas Minn bearinge date the sixth daye of this instant moneth.

15th July, 1600. This daye Raphe Barrett & Robert Thompson forrenSurgeons196made theyr request to the Mrsthat they might be examyned on thursdaye next Whereuppon it was ordered that the Examyners should be warned to be at the hall at the sayd tyme.

29th July, 1600. This daye it is ordered that John Mowle shalbe warned to be before the Mrsthe next Court for usinge Surgery beinge but a barber.

8th September, 1600.Octavodie Septembris Anno dñi 1600 Annoque ElizabethQuadragesimo secundo.

Whereasat a Courte holden the Maisters or Governors and Assistants of this Companye the Nynteenth daie of Maye laste paste It was amongest other thinges ordered condiscended and agreed by consente of a full courte of the said Assistance That the request and moc͠on of ffrancis Rowdon Clarke to this Companye shoulde be referred to the Considerac͠on of the Auditors of the Maisters Accompts And what they shall doe in the premisses should be lawfull and effectuall to all intentes and purposesWeeThomas Byrd John Leycocke Lewis Atmer Robert Johnson Richard Mapes Thomas Goodale Thomas Martyn and Joseph ffenton beinge chosen Auditors for the Maisters accomptes for the yeare paste havinge taken due considerac͠on of the premisses and findinge that the accomplisheinge of the said requeste maye muche proffitt the bodye of this Companye in the banisheinge of lewde and unskylfull practic͠oners in the arte of SurgerieDoetherefore by the Aucthority to us geeven order in manner and forme hereafter ensuinge viztffirste wee order that there be presentlie paide unto the saide Clarke the somme of xxli.of lawfull money of England out of the stocke of this howse the same to be repaide to this howse by vlipˀ Ann. Alsoe wee doe further order that uppon payment of the said xxlito the said Clarke aforesaid the said Clarke shall termelie prosecute a competent number of the said practic͠oners in Surgerie and shall not delaie any suite he shall undertake but shall prosecute the same with effecte unles there be any misprison in the same And if there be any misprison then to acquainte the Maisters for the tyme beinge with the same misprison. Alsoe wee doe order that the said Clarke shall porsecute such pˀsons as the Maisters of this Companye shall from tyme to tyme geeve order for. Alsoe wee doe further order that the said Clarke shall not compounde or agree with any he shall have to doe by waie of informac͠on before he hath acquainted the Maisters therewithall and hath obtayned their consents thereunto And whatsoever he shall receave uppon any Composic͠on over and besides such Costes and chardges as he shall expend in and aboute suche suite he shall well and trulye contente and paie unto the said Maisters or Governors for the tyme beinge. Provided alwaies that he ffirste acquainte the Maisters or Governors of this Company for the tyme beinge therewith And deliver unto them a reasonable and true bill of his Costes and Chardges disbursed as aforesaid And that he seale and deliver as his deed one wrytinge obligatorie wherein he shall become bounden to the Maisters or Governors of this Companye with Condic͠on theruppon indorced contayninge the Articles above specified In Witnes whereof wee the said Auditors hereunto put orseverall handes. Yoven the daie and yeare ffirste above written.22nd October, 1600. Robert Swayne was this daye examined by MrThorney MrWillm̄ Martin MrWood & MrAtmer and not founde sufficient but is nevertheles tolerated to come to orLectures & Annathomies And is to paye for the same xxsyerely by 5squarterly till hee be founde more sufficient.5th May, 1601. This daie a complainte was made againste Martyn Pelham by a patient he had in cure of his arme for not fynisheinge the said cure wchcure was accomplished by Thomas Watson whereuppon it is ordered that the said Pelham be warned to appeare uppon the next courte daye.6th August, 1601. This daye WillmPilkinton uppon his examinac͠on was tolerated to practize Surgery for five yeres next ensuinge Provided that hee paie quarterly to this howse ijsvjdand that hee the said Pilkinton doe joyne wthhim in evˀy cure he shall have in dangrof death or mayne some expert surgeon of this Company.10th November, 1601. This daye John Russell of Canterbury Surgeon was examined and was admitted & approved.24th November, 1601.WhereasJames Van Otten and Nycholas Bowlden are this daye become humble suiters to this Company to be tollerated & pˀmitted to practize as Surgeons wthin this Cytie of London for and durynge the space of Three moneths next ensuinge onely for the couchinge of the catarack cuttinge for the rupture stone and wenne It is uppon consideracc͠on of their sevˀall suites ordered by consent of this Courte That hee the said James Vanotten shalbe pˀmitted to practize for the couchinge of the catarack cuttinge for the rupture stone and wenne for the space of three monethes next ensuinge wthout contradicc͠on or denyall of the Mrsor Governors of this Company And that hee the said Nycholas Bowlden shalbe assistant unto the said James Vanotten in such cures as hee shalbe as aforesaid possessed of duringe the tyme & space aforesaid.Providedallwayes and it is nevertheles pˀmised & undertaken by the said James & Nycholas that hee the said Nycholas shall paye unto the Mrsor Governors of this Company to the use of the poore of the same every moneth monethly duringe the said space of three moneths the somme of ijsvjdAnd that the said James Vanotten shall paye to the said Mrsor Governors to the use of the poore of the said Company for every moneth monethly of the said three monethes in wchthe said James shall practize or continue in London or the libertyes suburbes or one myle compase of the said Cyty after the fower & twentyth daye of decembrnext ensuinge xxsof lawful money of England. And provided that neythrthey nor eythrof them shall pˀsume to hange oute any banners or signe of Surgery in any place othrthen where they shall lye and make theyre abodewthin the tyme aforesaid or practize in any othrpoynte of Surgery then before is spec̃ˀd wthout furthrlycence of the Mrsor Governors of this Company for the tyme beinge first had & obteyned. ffor pˀformance whereof they the said James & Nycholas by bond are become bounden to MrWarden ffrederick in the somme of xliof lawful money of England. In Witnes whereof they have hereunto put their sevˀall names. Yoven the daye & yere above wryttenJacobus van OttenNicholas Boden.2nd March, 1602. Havard is to pave to Nicholas Kellawaye vs.the nexte Courte daye for a launset wthsilver scales wchhe borrowed of the said Nicholas Kellawaye.20th April, 1602. This daye one Edward Stutfeyld a practic͠oner in bone settinge appeared before the Mrsof this Company uppon warninge to him geven by the beadell of this Company And at his humble suite he was lycenced to practize in bone settinge onely Provided hee paye to the Mrsof this Company to the use of the poore of the same xsfor every quarter of yere that hee shall practize as aforesaid.20th April, 1602. This daye one John ffoster a poore and unskylfull man of this Company made his appearance before the Mrsof this Company and was examined concerninge his skyll in the arte of Surgery and was found altogethrunskilfull in all the partes therefore Whereuppon it is ordered that MrWilbraham Coroner to this Cytie be warned to be here wththe Coroners Inquest on Thursdaye next by tenne of the clock in the forenoone to be satisfied by their owne hereinge of the unskilfullness of the said ffoster.22nd June, 1602. This daye Garrett Key a Strangrappeared before the Mrsof this Company and in respect hee hath undertaken the cure of his patient one ffeake a Gowldesmythe beinge in danger of death wthout makinge pˀsentac͠on thereof to the Mrsof this Company Did voluntaryly geve to the said Mrsto the use of the poore of the same Company iijliAnd thereuppon they have acquited him all former offences done to this Company.11th October, 1602. This daye Gabriell Hunt Practic͠oner in Surgery was Committed to the Compter for practizeinge of Surgery beinge not approved nor admitted accordinge to the Statute.

22nd October, 1600. Robert Swayne was this daye examined by MrThorney MrWillm̄ Martin MrWood & MrAtmer and not founde sufficient but is nevertheles tolerated to come to orLectures & Annathomies And is to paye for the same xxsyerely by 5squarterly till hee be founde more sufficient.

5th May, 1601. This daie a complainte was made againste Martyn Pelham by a patient he had in cure of his arme for not fynisheinge the said cure wchcure was accomplished by Thomas Watson whereuppon it is ordered that the said Pelham be warned to appeare uppon the next courte daye.

6th August, 1601. This daye WillmPilkinton uppon his examinac͠on was tolerated to practize Surgery for five yeres next ensuinge Provided that hee paie quarterly to this howse ijsvjdand that hee the said Pilkinton doe joyne wthhim in evˀy cure he shall have in dangrof death or mayne some expert surgeon of this Company.

10th November, 1601. This daye John Russell of Canterbury Surgeon was examined and was admitted & approved.

24th November, 1601.WhereasJames Van Otten and Nycholas Bowlden are this daye become humble suiters to this Company to be tollerated & pˀmitted to practize as Surgeons wthin this Cytie of London for and durynge the space of Three moneths next ensuinge onely for the couchinge of the catarack cuttinge for the rupture stone and wenne It is uppon consideracc͠on of their sevˀall suites ordered by consent of this Courte That hee the said James Vanotten shalbe pˀmitted to practize for the couchinge of the catarack cuttinge for the rupture stone and wenne for the space of three monethes next ensuinge wthout contradicc͠on or denyall of the Mrsor Governors of this Company And that hee the said Nycholas Bowlden shalbe assistant unto the said James Vanotten in such cures as hee shalbe as aforesaid possessed of duringe the tyme & space aforesaid.Providedallwayes and it is nevertheles pˀmised & undertaken by the said James & Nycholas that hee the said Nycholas shall paye unto the Mrsor Governors of this Company to the use of the poore of the same every moneth monethly duringe the said space of three moneths the somme of ijsvjdAnd that the said James Vanotten shall paye to the said Mrsor Governors to the use of the poore of the said Company for every moneth monethly of the said three monethes in wchthe said James shall practize or continue in London or the libertyes suburbes or one myle compase of the said Cyty after the fower & twentyth daye of decembrnext ensuinge xxsof lawful money of England. And provided that neythrthey nor eythrof them shall pˀsume to hange oute any banners or signe of Surgery in any place othrthen where they shall lye and make theyre abodewthin the tyme aforesaid or practize in any othrpoynte of Surgery then before is spec̃ˀd wthout furthrlycence of the Mrsor Governors of this Company for the tyme beinge first had & obteyned. ffor pˀformance whereof they the said James & Nycholas by bond are become bounden to MrWarden ffrederick in the somme of xliof lawful money of England. In Witnes whereof they have hereunto put their sevˀall names. Yoven the daye & yere above wrytten

Jacobus van OttenNicholas Boden.

2nd March, 1602. Havard is to pave to Nicholas Kellawaye vs.the nexte Courte daye for a launset wthsilver scales wchhe borrowed of the said Nicholas Kellawaye.

20th April, 1602. This daye one Edward Stutfeyld a practic͠oner in bone settinge appeared before the Mrsof this Company uppon warninge to him geven by the beadell of this Company And at his humble suite he was lycenced to practize in bone settinge onely Provided hee paye to the Mrsof this Company to the use of the poore of the same xsfor every quarter of yere that hee shall practize as aforesaid.

20th April, 1602. This daye one John ffoster a poore and unskylfull man of this Company made his appearance before the Mrsof this Company and was examined concerninge his skyll in the arte of Surgery and was found altogethrunskilfull in all the partes therefore Whereuppon it is ordered that MrWilbraham Coroner to this Cytie be warned to be here wththe Coroners Inquest on Thursdaye next by tenne of the clock in the forenoone to be satisfied by their owne hereinge of the unskilfullness of the said ffoster.

22nd June, 1602. This daye Garrett Key a Strangrappeared before the Mrsof this Company and in respect hee hath undertaken the cure of his patient one ffeake a Gowldesmythe beinge in danger of death wthout makinge pˀsentac͠on thereof to the Mrsof this Company Did voluntaryly geve to the said Mrsto the use of the poore of the same Company iijliAnd thereuppon they have acquited him all former offences done to this Company.

11th October, 1602. This daye Gabriell Hunt Practic͠oner in Surgery was Committed to the Compter for practizeinge of Surgery beinge not approved nor admitted accordinge to the Statute.

3rd April, 1604. Under this date is an award made by the Court in an action remitted to the Masters by the Lord Mayor, whereinWalter Barton Barber-Surgeon, was plaintiff, and Thomas Sheeres Imbroiderer, Defendant. It appeared that Barton had cured Sheeres and his servant, Eustace Skelton, and had been at great charges in prosecuting Sheeres for his fees. The Court ordered the Defendant to pay Barton £4 within 14 days.

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