1st July, 1735. MrCæsar Hawkins Surgeon in Bloomsbury who had lived several years with his father a Surgeon in the Country and afterwards with MrRanby a Foreign Brother of the Company seven years, but not bound an Apprentice at the Hall, was in consideration thereof, admitted into the freedom of the Company for six pounds six shillings which he paid down and was sworne. At the same time the said MrCæsar Hawkins was examined touching his skill in Surgery his answers were approved of and he was ordered the Diploma under the hands of the Governors and the seal of the Company testifying his skill and impowering him to practice.
1st July, 1735. MrCæsar Hawkins Surgeon in Bloomsbury who had lived several years with his father a Surgeon in the Country and afterwards with MrRanby a Foreign Brother of the Company seven years, but not bound an Apprentice at the Hall, was in consideration thereof, admitted into the freedom of the Company for six pounds six shillings which he paid down and was sworne. At the same time the said MrCæsar Hawkins was examined touching his skill in Surgery his answers were approved of and he was ordered the Diploma under the hands of the Governors and the seal of the Company testifying his skill and impowering him to practice.
19th August, 1736. Mr. Hawkins was admitted to the Livery, and the same day was chosen a Demonstrator of Anatomy, being then but twenty-five years of age.
18th August, 1737. MrCæsar Hawkins one of the Demonstrators of Anatomy attended at this Court and surrendered the said office and after returning this Court his thanks for the honor they had done him to choose him one of their Demonstrators acquainted them that he being appointed Surgeon to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and also Surgeon to one of the troops of Guards, could not perform the office of a Demonstrator and therefore the Court accepted of such surrender.
18th August, 1737. MrCæsar Hawkins one of the Demonstrators of Anatomy attended at this Court and surrendered the said office and after returning this Court his thanks for the honor they had done him to choose him one of their Demonstrators acquainted them that he being appointed Surgeon to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and also Surgeon to one of the troops of Guards, could not perform the office of a Demonstrator and therefore the Court accepted of such surrender.
Mr. Hawkins, in addition to his other appointments, was Surgeon to St. George’s Hospital, 1735–1774, and Serjeant-Surgeon to George III, to which latter office he was appointed 7th September, 1747. By his practice as a phlebotomist alone he is said to have made £1,000a year, it then being the custom for people to be bled at the spring and fall of the year.
His family have been Surgeons for some generations, and have held distinguished office, his brother Pennell Hawkins, his son Charles, and his grandson Cæsar Henry, having all been Serjeant-Surgeons. On the 25th July, 1778, Mr. Hawkins was created a Baronet; he died 13th February, 1786. A portrait of him, by Hogarth, is in the Hall of the Royal College of Surgeons.
Arms. Ar. on a saltire engrailed sa. five fleur de lys or.
Walter Henry Wilkin, Esquire, who was born 1st April, 1842, is the son of the late Mr. David Wilkin, of the firm of Wilkin and Pugh. He was admitted to the freedom and livery of the Company 5th January, 1864. Mr. Wilkin commenced his career as articled clerk to a well-known firm of underwriters at Lloyds, but subsequently entered himself at the Middle Temple, where he read with Mr. Crump, Q.C., and passing his examination and obtaining the Certificate of the Council of Legal Education, he was called to the Bar; but in consequence of the deaths of his father and brother, he retired from the profession of the law to take upon himself the conduct of their business in the City. In 1878 Mr. Wilkin was chosen an Assistant of this Company, and in 1885 served the office of Master. For twelve years he sat as one of the Common Council for the Ward of Lime Street. On the death of Sir Robert Walter Carden, Mr. Alderman Cotton was transferredfrom Lime Street to Bridge Without, and the vacancy thus occasioned in the Court of Aldermen, was filled up by the appointment of Mr. Wilkin in February, 1888. He is a member of the Court of Assistants of the Broderers’ Company, and has filled the office of G.S. and Master in Grand Master’s Lodge No. 1. For twenty-six years Mr. Wilkin was a Volunteer, rising to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel in the 3rd Middlesex Artillery, but has now resigned his commission.
1469. Robert Dallahouse (Daluss), Master 1462, died 1469, was buried at St. Martin’s in the Vintry with the following inscription on histomb:—
As flowers in feeld thus passeth lif,Nakyd, then clothyd, feble in the end,It sheweth by Robart Daluss and Alyson his wyfChrist yem save fro the power of the Fiend.obiit 1469.
As flowers in feeld thus passeth lif,Nakyd, then clothyd, feble in the end,It sheweth by Robart Daluss and Alyson his wyfChrist yem save fro the power of the Fiend.obiit 1469.
1510. John Den, buried at St. Margaret’s, Westminster.
Here lyes undyr this stonJohn Den Barbor SurgeonAnd Agnes his wyf, who to heuyn wentMCCCCC and X that is veramentFor who soul, of your chariteSey a Pater Noster and an Ave Marie.
Here lyes undyr this stonJohn Den Barbor SurgeonAnd Agnes his wyf, who to heuyn wentMCCCCC and X that is veramentFor who soul, of your chariteSey a Pater Noster and an Ave Marie.
1580. William Green, Master 1564, died 1580, was buried in the church of Allhallows the Less.
Before this time that here yee have seene,Lyeth buried the body of William Greene,Barbor & Surgeon & late Master of that CompanyAnd Clark of this Church yeeres fiftie;Which William decesyd the truth for to sayThe month of December the fourth day.The yere of our Lord God as by books doth appereOn thowsand fyve hundryd and eighty yere.
Before this time that here yee have seene,Lyeth buried the body of William Greene,Barbor & Surgeon & late Master of that CompanyAnd Clark of this Church yeeres fiftie;Which William decesyd the truth for to sayThe month of December the fourth day.The yere of our Lord God as by books doth appereOn thowsand fyve hundryd and eighty yere.
1598. Thomas Bankes, Master 1596, died 1598, was buried in the church of St. Michael le Querne.
Thomas Bankes, Barber Chirurgeon, Deputie of this Ward, who had to wife Joan Laurence, by whom he had issue seven sonnes and ten daughters.
Thomas Bankes, Barber Chirurgeon, Deputie of this Ward, who had to wife Joan Laurence, by whom he had issue seven sonnes and ten daughters.
1610. William Gale (Master 1595, 1610) was buried in the church at Monken Hadley, where there is a brass with the followinginscription:—
Blessed are they ytconcydereth yepoore & needie.Here lyeth the bodye of William Gale Citizen & Barber Chyrurgion of London who dyed the XIX daye of November 1610. Then being yesecond tyme Master of his Company, he had 2 wives, Elizabeth & Suzan & had issue by Elizabeth V soñes and 8 daughters and was LX and X yeares of age or thereabout at yetime of his death.
Blessed are they ytconcydereth yepoore & needie.
Here lyeth the bodye of William Gale Citizen & Barber Chyrurgion of London who dyed the XIX daye of November 1610. Then being yesecond tyme Master of his Company, he had 2 wives, Elizabeth & Suzan & had issue by Elizabeth V soñes and 8 daughters and was LX and X yeares of age or thereabout at yetime of his death.
1655–6. John Gale (son of William Gale, Master 1595), Surgeon of Bushey, gave the Company £16 per annum for an Anatomy Lecture, died 1655–6 and was buried in Bushey Church.
Here in hope of a happy resurrection through Christ, lies the body of John Gale, Esq. who was father to Mary Gale, by his second wife Jane, and sister to MrsElizabeth Terry, both which are here interred next unto him; he lived to the age of 70 years, and peaceably departed this life Jan 5th1655.
Here in hope of a happy resurrection through Christ, lies the body of John Gale, Esq. who was father to Mary Gale, by his second wife Jane, and sister to MrsElizabeth Terry, both which are here interred next unto him; he lived to the age of 70 years, and peaceably departed this life Jan 5th1655.
1668. Charles Stamford, Master 1659, died 1668 and was buried at St. Katherine’s near the Tower.
Here lyeth interred the body of Charles Stamford, Chirurgeon, who departed this Life June 24th1668; also Elizabeth his Wife, and sixteen children.
Here lyeth interred the body of Charles Stamford, Chirurgeon, who departed this Life June 24th1668; also Elizabeth his Wife, and sixteen children.
Mille modis morimur mortales, nascimur uno:Sunt hominum, morbi mille, sed una salus.
Mille modis morimur mortales, nascimur uno:Sunt hominum, morbi mille, sed una salus.
Weep not for them, since they have gone beforeTo heaven, where Barbers there are many more.
Weep not for them, since they have gone beforeTo heaven, where Barbers there are many more.
And a bretherhode ther is ordened of barbres, in the site of Norwyche, in the worschep of god and ys moder, and seynt Johan the Babtis, that alle bretherin and sisterin of the same gylde, als longe as xij. persones of them lyuen, they schulen offeryn a candel and to torches of wax, and this light they hoten and a-vowed to kepyn and myntenyn, and thes other ordenances that ben vnder wreton, vp-on here power and diligence, in worschepe of crist and ys moder and seyn Johan Babtis, and the to torches schul bien of xl. lib. weyght, and alle the bretherin and sisterin schullen offeryn this candel and the to torches euerie ʒer a misomere day, and they herin here messe at the heye auter atte Charunel in cristis cherge, and eueri brother and sistir offeryn an ob. wyth here candel and here to torches, in honor of god and oure lady and seynt Johan the Babtis.And the to torches, eueri day in the ʒer, scullen ben light and brennynge at the heye messe at selue auter, from the leuacion of cristis body sacrid, in til that the priest haue vsud.This bien the names of the men that ben maystris and kepers of the gyld.Philippus BarburJacobus BarbirThomas Barbyrat prechorsAnd this men han inkepynge for the samelight, ijsin here box.(Modern English of the preceding.)
And a bretherhode ther is ordened of barbres, in the site of Norwyche, in the worschep of god and ys moder, and seynt Johan the Babtis, that alle bretherin and sisterin of the same gylde, als longe as xij. persones of them lyuen, they schulen offeryn a candel and to torches of wax, and this light they hoten and a-vowed to kepyn and myntenyn, and thes other ordenances that ben vnder wreton, vp-on here power and diligence, in worschepe of crist and ys moder and seyn Johan Babtis, and the to torches schul bien of xl. lib. weyght, and alle the bretherin and sisterin schullen offeryn this candel and the to torches euerie ʒer a misomere day, and they herin here messe at the heye auter atte Charunel in cristis cherge, and eueri brother and sistir offeryn an ob. wyth here candel and here to torches, in honor of god and oure lady and seynt Johan the Babtis.
And the to torches, eueri day in the ʒer, scullen ben light and brennynge at the heye messe at selue auter, from the leuacion of cristis body sacrid, in til that the priest haue vsud.
This bien the names of the men that ben maystris and kepers of the gyld.
Philippus BarburJacobus BarbirThomas Barbyrat prechors
And this men han inkepynge for the samelight, ijsin here box.
(Modern English of the preceding.)
And a brotherhood there is ordained of Barbers, in the city of Norwich, in the worship of God and His Mother, and Saint John the Baptist; that all brothers and sisters of the same guild, as long as twelve persons of them live, they shall offer a candle and two torches of wax; and this light they promise and avow to keep and maintain, and these ordinances that be under-written, upon their power and diligence, in worship of Christ and His Mother and Saint John Baptist; and the two torches shall be of forty pounds weight; and all the brothers and sisters shall offer this candle and the two torches every year at Midsummer day, and they hearing their mass at the high altar at Charunel in Christ’s church, and every brother and sister offering a halfpenny with their candel and their two torches, in honor of God and our Lady and Saint John the Baptist.And the two torches, every day in the year, shall be alight and burning at the high mass at the same altar, from the elevation of Christ’s body sacred, until that the priest have used.These be the names of the men that be Masters and Keepers of the guild.Philippus BarburJacobus BarbirThomas Barbyr“at prechors”And these men have inkeeping for the samelight, two shillings in their box.
And a brotherhood there is ordained of Barbers, in the city of Norwich, in the worship of God and His Mother, and Saint John the Baptist; that all brothers and sisters of the same guild, as long as twelve persons of them live, they shall offer a candle and two torches of wax; and this light they promise and avow to keep and maintain, and these ordinances that be under-written, upon their power and diligence, in worship of Christ and His Mother and Saint John Baptist; and the two torches shall be of forty pounds weight; and all the brothers and sisters shall offer this candle and the two torches every year at Midsummer day, and they hearing their mass at the high altar at Charunel in Christ’s church, and every brother and sister offering a halfpenny with their candel and their two torches, in honor of God and our Lady and Saint John the Baptist.
And the two torches, every day in the year, shall be alight and burning at the high mass at the same altar, from the elevation of Christ’s body sacred, until that the priest have used.
These be the names of the men that be Masters and Keepers of the guild.
Philippus BarburJacobus BarbirThomas Barbyr“at prechors”
And these men have inkeeping for the samelight, two shillings in their box.
Certificacioordinac͠ois & incepc͠ois fratˀintatisTonsoꝜ Lincoln’virtute pˀ clamac͠ois inde fc̃e sequitain vˀbaHecest queᵭa fratˀintas fcã & inchoata ex coĩ assensu omĩ tonsoꝜ Ciuitatis Lincoɫn in honore dnĩ nrĩ Jhũ xpĩ & bẽ marie & pˀcipue ad honorẽ scĩ Johis̃ Eũngeliste in Natalli dnĩ renouata vˀo in festo eiusdem anno dnĩ mil̃l̃imo CCCmosexagesimo nono.Primaordinacio est qᵭ heᵬunt & custentabunt vnũ cerẽn quadrat̃n ardentem omiᵬz dieᵬz festinis pˀ annuˀ cuˀ tempus finˀt ad altare scĩ Joh̃is Eungẽs in monastio bẽ marˀ Lincoɫn. Et quiɫt fratˀ & soror dcẽ fratˀintatis ibunt in pˀcessione cñ dcã candela & quiɫt frˀ & soroꝜ offeretꝭ ad ymaginem scĩ Saluatoris oᵬ. sub pena vnius librˀ cere.Scᵭa ordinacio est qᵭ * * * * * *Decima ordinacio est qˀd * * * * * *Et ad confirmandꝭ plenius omẽs ordinac͠oes supadicas sigillnˀ decanatus xˀpianitatis Lincolnˀ pˀsentibʒ est appensuˀ in finem & testimoniuˀ pˀmissoꝜDatLincoln die & anno supadcĩs.
Certificacioordinac͠ois & incepc͠ois fratˀintatisTonsoꝜ Lincoln’virtute pˀ clamac͠ois inde fc̃e sequitain vˀbaHecest queᵭa fratˀintas fcã & inchoata ex coĩ assensu omĩ tonsoꝜ Ciuitatis Lincoɫn in honore dnĩ nrĩ Jhũ xpĩ & bẽ marie & pˀcipue ad honorẽ scĩ Johis̃ Eũngeliste in Natalli dnĩ renouata vˀo in festo eiusdem anno dnĩ mil̃l̃imo CCCmosexagesimo nono.
Primaordinacio est qᵭ heᵬunt & custentabunt vnũ cerẽn quadrat̃n ardentem omiᵬz dieᵬz festinis pˀ annuˀ cuˀ tempus finˀt ad altare scĩ Joh̃is Eungẽs in monastio bẽ marˀ Lincoɫn. Et quiɫt fratˀ & soror dcẽ fratˀintatis ibunt in pˀcessione cñ dcã candela & quiɫt frˀ & soroꝜ offeretꝭ ad ymaginem scĩ Saluatoris oᵬ. sub pena vnius librˀ cere.
Scᵭa ordinacio est qᵭ * * * * * *
Decima ordinacio est qˀd * * * * * *
Et ad confirmandꝭ plenius omẽs ordinac͠oes supadicas sigillnˀ decanatus xˀpianitatis Lincolnˀ pˀsentibʒ est appensuˀ in finem & testimoniuˀ pˀmissoꝜDatLincoln die & anno supadcĩs.
In trĩs& teñ ad gildam pˀdcam mortificatꝭ vel non mortificatꝭ nichil hẽnt nec cãt aliqua in manibʒ ipoꝜ fratrnˀ & soroꝜ ad usum dc̃e gilde existunt nisi ex largĩoe eoꝜᵭe ad pˀdcãs deuoc͠oes sustinendꝭ & comunia iñt se non fac nisi tm̃ pˀ dilec͠oe int̃ eos nutriendꝭ.
In trĩs& teñ ad gildam pˀdcam mortificatꝭ vel non mortificatꝭ nichil hẽnt nec cãt aliqua in manibʒ ipoꝜ fratrnˀ & soroꝜ ad usum dc̃e gilde existunt nisi ex largĩoe eoꝜᵭe ad pˀdcãs deuoc͠oes sustinendꝭ & comunia iñt se non fac nisi tm̃ pˀ dilec͠oe int̃ eos nutriendꝭ.
(TRANSLATION.)
The certificateof the ordinances and beginning of the Fraternity of Barbers of Lincoln, by virtue of the proclamation in that behalf made, follows in thesewords;—Thisis a certain fraternity made and begun by the common assent of all the Barbers of the City of Lincoln, in honour of our Lord Jesus Christ and the Blessed Mary and observed in honour of Saint John the Evangelist, renewed in the feast of the Nativity of our Lord,A.D.1369.The firstordinance is, that they have and keep one “quadrate” of wax burning on all feast days throughout the year, and on other special occasions before the altar of Saint John the Evangelist in the Monastery of the Blessed Mary at Lincoln. And all the brothers and sisters of the said fraternity go in procession with the said candle, and all the brothers and sisters offer at the Image of Saint Saviour a halfpenny, under a penalty of one pound of wax.The secondordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this fraternity shall die in the City, the Dean of this guild shall bear in order four “soule candels,” which shall burn about the corpse at the Dirige and remain until the Mass. And all the brothers and sisters, for the soul of the departed, pay a halfpenny to the poor, according to the directions of the Graceman and Wardens, wherever the greater necessity shall be.The thirdordinance is, that if any brother or sister shall die so poor, that he has not whence to be buried as he ought to be, the Graceman and Wardens, of the halfpennies collected, together with any portion of his chattels they find, shall make a general mourning, and do other necessaries that he be honorably buried.The fourthordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this fraternity shall desire to go into the country (i.e., reside out of the City), he shall give to the sustentationof the aforesaid candle at his going 2s., twopence to the tankards (ad ciphos), 1d.to the Dean of the guild, and afterwards 6d.annually, which he shall pay in three “mornspeeches”355in equal portions throughout the year.The fifthordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this guild fall into poverty or sickness, so that he cannot work and prays the charity of this house, each brother and sister of this guild shall give to him 6d.per annum in the three mornspeeches aforesaid, by like equal portions.The sixthordinance is, that if any brother of this guild shall receive any apprentice to teach him his art, the same master shall pay for the said apprentice, to the sustentation of the said candle two shillings, and this at the first mornspeech after he shall have taken the said apprentice.The seventhordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this guild do rebellious works or speeches, and is not willing to be silent but finds fault with the ruling of the Graceman of the guild, he shall give towards the burning of the said candle, one pound of wax, . . ..356and that without any remission; and whatsoever master or servant within this fraternity or out of it, shall be a thief to the extent of one penny, and of that matter shall be convicted, it is agreed by common consent that he shall abjure occupying his art within the City for ever.The eighthordinance is, that none shall be admitted to any Offices in the said guild, unless they have been Barbers, dwelling in the said City; and whoever shall be elected Graceman and shall be unwilling to serve shall give half a stone of wax; and whoever Dean, and shall be unwilling, shall give one pound of wax.The ninthordinance is, that by common assent, all the brethren shall have three assemblings in the year, viz.—The first, the Sunday next after the feast of Saint John the Evangelist aforesaid, to hear (the ordinances), to drink together, to settle the accounts, and to elect new officers for the year to come, The second, the Sunday next after the feast of the Apostles Philip and James, And the third, the Sunday next after the feast of the Translation of Saint Hugh.The tenthordinance is, that if any brother or sister, the aforesaid ordinances as he is able shall not content, or shall not come when he shall be summoned (unless by any reasonable cause he shall be hindered), he shall give to the sustentation of the said candle, as often as he shall trespass, one pound of wax.Andin full confirmation of all the aforesaid ordinances, the seal of the Rural Dean of Lincoln is affixed to these presents in conclusion and testimony of the premisses.Givenat Lincoln the day and year abovesaid.
The certificateof the ordinances and beginning of the Fraternity of Barbers of Lincoln, by virtue of the proclamation in that behalf made, follows in thesewords;—
Thisis a certain fraternity made and begun by the common assent of all the Barbers of the City of Lincoln, in honour of our Lord Jesus Christ and the Blessed Mary and observed in honour of Saint John the Evangelist, renewed in the feast of the Nativity of our Lord,A.D.1369.
The firstordinance is, that they have and keep one “quadrate” of wax burning on all feast days throughout the year, and on other special occasions before the altar of Saint John the Evangelist in the Monastery of the Blessed Mary at Lincoln. And all the brothers and sisters of the said fraternity go in procession with the said candle, and all the brothers and sisters offer at the Image of Saint Saviour a halfpenny, under a penalty of one pound of wax.
The secondordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this fraternity shall die in the City, the Dean of this guild shall bear in order four “soule candels,” which shall burn about the corpse at the Dirige and remain until the Mass. And all the brothers and sisters, for the soul of the departed, pay a halfpenny to the poor, according to the directions of the Graceman and Wardens, wherever the greater necessity shall be.
The thirdordinance is, that if any brother or sister shall die so poor, that he has not whence to be buried as he ought to be, the Graceman and Wardens, of the halfpennies collected, together with any portion of his chattels they find, shall make a general mourning, and do other necessaries that he be honorably buried.
The fourthordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this fraternity shall desire to go into the country (i.e., reside out of the City), he shall give to the sustentationof the aforesaid candle at his going 2s., twopence to the tankards (ad ciphos), 1d.to the Dean of the guild, and afterwards 6d.annually, which he shall pay in three “mornspeeches”355in equal portions throughout the year.
The fifthordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this guild fall into poverty or sickness, so that he cannot work and prays the charity of this house, each brother and sister of this guild shall give to him 6d.per annum in the three mornspeeches aforesaid, by like equal portions.
The sixthordinance is, that if any brother of this guild shall receive any apprentice to teach him his art, the same master shall pay for the said apprentice, to the sustentation of the said candle two shillings, and this at the first mornspeech after he shall have taken the said apprentice.
The seventhordinance is, that if any brother or sister of this guild do rebellious works or speeches, and is not willing to be silent but finds fault with the ruling of the Graceman of the guild, he shall give towards the burning of the said candle, one pound of wax, . . ..356and that without any remission; and whatsoever master or servant within this fraternity or out of it, shall be a thief to the extent of one penny, and of that matter shall be convicted, it is agreed by common consent that he shall abjure occupying his art within the City for ever.
The eighthordinance is, that none shall be admitted to any Offices in the said guild, unless they have been Barbers, dwelling in the said City; and whoever shall be elected Graceman and shall be unwilling to serve shall give half a stone of wax; and whoever Dean, and shall be unwilling, shall give one pound of wax.
The ninthordinance is, that by common assent, all the brethren shall have three assemblings in the year, viz.—The first, the Sunday next after the feast of Saint John the Evangelist aforesaid, to hear (the ordinances), to drink together, to settle the accounts, and to elect new officers for the year to come, The second, the Sunday next after the feast of the Apostles Philip and James, And the third, the Sunday next after the feast of the Translation of Saint Hugh.
The tenthordinance is, that if any brother or sister, the aforesaid ordinances as he is able shall not content, or shall not come when he shall be summoned (unless by any reasonable cause he shall be hindered), he shall give to the sustentation of the said candle, as often as he shall trespass, one pound of wax.
Andin full confirmation of all the aforesaid ordinances, the seal of the Rural Dean of Lincoln is affixed to these presents in conclusion and testimony of the premisses.Givenat Lincoln the day and year abovesaid.
In landsand tenements to the aforesaid guild in mortmain or otherwise they hold nothing, nor are there any chattels in the hands of them the brothers and sisters to the use of the said guild, except out of their liberality for the sustenance of the aforesaid devotions; nor do they make any gatherings between them, unless however for the purpose of cherishing love amongst themselves.
In landsand tenements to the aforesaid guild in mortmain or otherwise they hold nothing, nor are there any chattels in the hands of them the brothers and sisters to the use of the said guild, except out of their liberality for the sustenance of the aforesaid devotions; nor do they make any gatherings between them, unless however for the purpose of cherishing love amongst themselves.
To all trew Cristen people to whome this present wrytyng shall come Sir Thomas More Knyghtand Chauncellor to owre most drad Souˀaigne lorde Kyng Henry the viijthKyng of Englond and of ffraunce defensor of the ffaythe and lorde of Irelond: Thomas Duke of Northffolke and Tresourer of Englond, John ffitzjames Knyght Cheyff Justice of owre said Souˀaigne lord is Benche and Roᵬt Norwiche Knyght Cheyff Justice of the Com̃en Benche Sende gretynge in owre lorde God evˀlasting. Where in A certen Acte in the pˀliament holden at Westmynster the xxvtidaye of January in the xxthyere of the most Noble Kynge of ffamous memorie Kyng Henry the vijthmade and Ordeyned ffor the Weale and pˀffite of his Subgeittꝭ it Was Amongꝭ other thingꝭ Ordeyned Establisshed and enacted that no Maister Wardens or ffelaiship of Craftꝭ or misteries or any of them or any Rulers of Gyldes or ffratˀnites sholde take upon them to make any Actes or Ordinaunces ne to execute or use any Actes or Ordinances by them heretofore made in disenheryting or dymynic͠on of the Kyngꝭ pˀrogative or any other or Ayenst the Comen Weale and pˀffite of the Kyngꝭ Subgeittꝭ and liege people but yff the same Actes or Ordinances be examyned appoynted and admytted by the Chauncelor and Tresorer of Englond and the Cheyff Justices of eyther Benche or three of theym or els before bothe Justices of Assise in their Circute or progresse in that Shire where soche Actes or Ordinances be made upon payne of fforfature of xllifor evˀy tyme that they doo therunto contrarie as in the said Acte itt doeth more playnly appere: The Maisters and Wardens of the misterie or Crafte of Barbor Surgions of the Citie of London Willing and desiring the said Acte in evˀry behalff to be observed and kept the xxtiday of Octobre inthexxijti357yere of the Raigne of owre Souˀaigne lorde Kyng Henry the viijthhave exhibite and pˀsented their petic͠on thereupon made wta Boke conteyning dyvers Statutes Actes and Ordinances hertofore devised ordeyned and made for the ffelauship of Barbors Surgions and their Successors and for the Comon Weale and conservac͠on of the good estate of the said Crafte and misterie of Barbor Surgions aforesaid and for the Better Rules and Ordinances of the same ffelauship establysshed ordeyned and used. And therupon Instantly have desired us that We all and evˀy the said Statutes Ordinances and Othes by the same Maister and Wardens and their pˀdecessors to the fforsaid Entent made ordeyned and establisshed Wolde oversee and exameyn and the same and evˀy of theym correcte Refourme and amend after the maner and due ffourme convenyent and as the fforsaid Acte in the said pˀliament made requyreth.Wee Wellpˀceyving the said Supplicac͠on to be good and acceptable according to their petic͠on and desires and by auctoritie of the said Acte of pˀliament to us comyttedAlland evˀy their Othes Actes and Ordinances in the said Boke specyfied have pˀfightly seen and the same well and ripely understond and theym all and evˀy of theym examyned corrected and reformed the tenure as hereaftˀ folowethThe Othe of evˀy ffreman ffurste ye shallswere that ye shalbe good and trewe unto owre leige lorde the Kyng and to his heires Kyngꝭ of Englond and obedient to the Maior and his Brethern the Aldermen of the Citie of London. And also ye shalbe obedient to the Maisters or Governors that now be or that hereafter shalbe of the Crafte of Barbor Surgions wherof ye be nowe made ffree, ye shall also obeye kepe and observe all the good Orders Rules and Ordinances of the said Crafte hertofore made and not Repelled and herafter to be made so helpe you God and all Sayntꝭ and by this BokeThe Othe of the Maisters or Governorsye shall swere that ye shall observe kepe and mayntene the Wourship proffite and Comen Wele of the Crafte of Barbor Surgions in all poyntꝭ laufull and leafull as good and pˀffitable Maisters or Governors and Rulers ought to do after youre good connyng good diligence and power. Also ye shall kepe and maynten and do to be kept and mayntened during yortyme as farforthe as you laufully maye aswell all soche good usages custumes liberties and Ordinances of the same Crafte and at this daye used approved and contynued and all and singuler poyntꝭ conteyned in the pˀmysses duely and trewly ye shall put in execuc͠on When and as often as the Casse shall requyre during yortyme. And also ye shall duely and trewely make yorSerches thorough all the Company of the same Crafte Within the Citie of London and Suburbes of the same. And thereupon as the Casse shall requyre all the defaultes and necligences concilementꝭ and inconvenyencꝭ that may hapne or fall to be ffounde in the Crafte of Barbory or Surgeryin yortyme ye diligently shall reforme and sett in good Rule and trewely correcte and ponyshe according to the power and Rules for the reformac͠on had and made for the same in the said Crafte And for and during yortyme correcte and lawfully ponyshe after the qualites and gravites of and upon the demerites and defaultꝭ ffounden in the same after yorconnyng and power. Also ye shall not admytt eny fforen to be of this misterie whiche herafter shall sue to be ffreman of this Citie by Redempc͠on and to be enfraunchised in this misterie wtout thassent of the xxiiijtiassistentꝭ of the same Crafte or the more pˀte of them. And over that ye shall not charge the hole bodye of this ffelishipp by puttyng the Comen Seale of the same misterie to eny manˀ writyng cause or matter wherby the same company in any wise may be charged hurted or hyndered. Also in all the pˀmysses and other thyngꝭ necessarie concernyng the Weale and proffite of the said Crafte ye shall trewly lawfully diligently and indyfferently behave yorselffe after yorconnyng and power and neyther for mede love ffavor affecc͠on nor for drede malice hatred or envie otherwise pˀcede Rule or conclude to or with any pˀson or pˀsones wtwhiche ye shalhave to doo by reason of yorsaid office than the good usages Rules liberties and Ordinances for the good ordre of the same Crafte hertofore made and not repelled and herafter to be made.Alsoat thende of yorOffice ye shall geve unto the Maisters or Govˀnors that shall succede you next in the same occupac͠on this pˀsent othe So that they shall duely and trewely in all thingꝭ during the tyme that they shalbe in like Office pˀforme and ffulfill the same othe so god you helpe and all Sayntꝭ and by this BokeAlso it is ordeynedthat evˀry pˀson enfraunchised in the same Crafte shalbe redye at almanˀ of somons of the maisters or Govˀnors of the said Crafte for the tyme beyng And yff eny soche pˀsone absent hym from eny soche somõns wtout cause resonable to be tried by his othe byfore the maisters or Govˀnors yff they thynke it necessarie Than he to paye for evˀy so doyng iijsiiijdthe oon half to the chambre of London the other to yealmes of the crafteAlso yteveryman enfraunchesed in the said Crafte beyng duely warned or somõned that kepeth not his houre accordyng to the Somõns wtout cause resonable to be tried in manˀr aforesaid for evˀy tyme so doyng shall paye to the almes of the said Crafte ijdAnd he or they that disobeyeth this ordinaunce shall paye for his or theire disobedience in that behalff for evˀy tyme so offending iijsiiijdto be devided in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is enacted andordeyned that evˀy man in the Clothyng or lyvere of the said misterie shall paye quarterly to the mayntenance of the Comen Charges of the same vjdAnd evˀry man owt of the Clothing and evˀy Wydowe kepyng an open Shoppe iijdAnd this to be paide quarterly upon payne and forfeyture at evˀy tyme offendyng or doying the contrairie iijsiiijdthe one halff thereof to be applied to the use of the Chaumbre of London and the other halff to the almes of the said ffeliship so alwayesthat the said quarterage be lawfully demaunded.Also it is ordeynedthat no pˀson enfraunchesed in the said Crafte shall take any apprentice unto this tyme that he ffurst pˀsente this same pˀsone byfore the maisters or Govˀnors for the tyme beyng that they may see he be clene wtout contynewell diseases or grevous infirmytes wherby the kyngꝭ leige people myght take hurt upon payne for evˀy tyme so doyng of xlsto be applied in manˀ aforsaid.Also it is ordeynedthat evˀy pˀson of the said ffeliship shall paye towardꝭ there charges for evˀy apprentice that he taketh ijsvjdTo be payde at the pˀsentac͠on & allowyng of every apprentice.Also it is ordeynedthat no pˀsons of the said ffeliaship beyng in the Clothyng or lyverye shalhave any moo Servauntes apprentices orCovenantꝭ358usynge the faculte or misterie of Barborye or Surgery to gidder at oons above the nombre of iiij pˀsons pˀvided alwaye that wtin halffe a yere of the goyngowt or endyng of the terme of oone of the said iiij pˀsons it shalbe leaffull to evˀy soche pˀsone to take and have another apprentice or Servante the said act notwtstondyng and he that offendyth in brekyng this Acte shall forfeyte and paye xldto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no manˀ of pˀsone of the same ffeliship beyng owt of the Clothing shall have to giddere at oons above the nombre of iij apprentices or Servantes to occupye the said misterie and ffaculte pˀvided as is pˀvided in the latter article and uppon lyke payneAlso it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone of the said ffeliship shall take to his sˀvice as sˀvantalowes359eny englishman fforen or Aliaunt Straunger to occupie the ffaculte of Barbery or Surgery but the said pˀsone shall pˀsent the same Sˀvante wtin iij dayes next after his Comyng to the said pˀsone to and before the said maisters and Govˀnors of the said ffeliaship for the tyme beyng to thentent that he before theym may be sessed what wages he shall take. And yff he be an Aliaunt Straungear borne he to paye yerely of his wages to the almes of the said ffeliship iijsiiijdand that mony to be taken quarterly of the Master of the same Straungear and of his wages and who that doethe contrarye to this Rule shall fforfeyte at evˀy tyme so doyng xldto be devided and payde as is aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone of the said Crafte shall entyse or desire eny Svant from his Maister nor shall take any fforren into his sˀvice ffor lesse terme than for oon yere and he to be sessed or rated for his wages by the Maisters or Govˀnors of the same misterie and this to be done yerely evˀy yere upon payne for evˀy tyme doyng the contrarie of xiijsiiijdthe oon halff to be applied to the use of the Chaumber of London and the other halffe to the use of the almes of the said feliship.Also it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone of the same ffeliaship after that he be admytted and sworne ffreman of this Citie afore the Chaumberleyn pˀsume to open hys Shoppe Wyndowes before he hathe pˀsented hym selffto and before the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said misterie for the tyme beyng and wtthem have aggreed in payng his dutie accustumed that is to saye to the use of the Company iijsiiijdand to the Clerke iiijdto the mayntenance of theire comen Charges and in takyng his othe afore theym accordyng to the lawdable custume and ordre in the same misterie of olde tyme used upon payne to lose fforfeyte and paye xlsto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone enfraunchesed in the said misterie shall enforme or teche eny fforen other than his Apprentice eny poynte of his Crafte belongyng to Barbery or Surgery upon payne for evˀy tyme so doyng xlsto be applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso yff any matterof stryffe or debate herafter be betwene eny pˀson of the said Crafte as God fforfende that noon of them shall make enypˀsuts360in the Comen lawe but that he whiche ffyndeth hym aggreved shall ffurst make his complaynt to the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said Crafte for the tyme beyng to thentent that they shall ordre the said matter or cause of complaynt so made yff they can: and yff it fortune that they can not nor doo not ordre and appesse the same matter wtin xiiij dayes next ensuyng That then it shalbe leafull to the pˀtie aggreved to take his advauntage at the comen lawe So alwayes that the pˀtie ayenst whom the complaynt is made be not ffugityffe and who so doeth the contrarie herof shall paye for evˀry tyme so doyng xiijsiiijdto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaid.Also that no pˀsoneof the said ffeliship shall revile Rebuke nor Reprove an other of the same ffeliaship by eny unfitting opprobrios condic͠ons or dishonest Wordes in the pˀsens of the Maisters or Govˀnors or eny of theym nor before eny other pˀsons in eny other places and he that offendeth in this behalff and due prouff therof had shall paye for evˀry soche defalte vjsviijdto be devyded and applied in ffourme aforsaid.Also that no pˀsoneof the said Crafte shall refuse to be of the Clothing of the said misterie or to bere Office in the same at eny tyme whan he by the said Maisters or Govˀnors and assistentꝭ of the same misterie or the more pˀte of them shalbe abled therto upon payne to paye xlsto be applied in ffourme aforsaid. And that the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said misterie for the tyme byng shall not take nor admytte eny pˀsone into the Clothyng or lyverye of the same misterie without the Comen assent of the xxiiijtiassistentꝭ of the same or the more pˀte of theym upon like payne as is aforsaid for evˀy tyme so doyng to be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaid.And where by dyvershighe auctorities for the honor and Revˀence of the Sondaye it is ordeyned of olde antiquyte that no Barbor dwellyng wtin the Cite or Suburbis of the same nor elles where shall occupie Shaving on the Sondayes neyther wtin their house nor wtout pryvely nor appertly. It is now therforordeyned and enacted that no pˀsone ffree of the said Company from hensforthe occupye eny manˀ Shavyng on the Sondays wtin this Citie nor liberties of the same upon payne and forfature for evˀy tyme so doyng of xlsthe one halff thereof to the chaumber of London and the other halffe therof to the almes of the said Crafte.Also it is ordeyned thatno maner pˀsone beyng ffree of the said ffeliship shall take any seike or hurte pˀsone or pˀsones to his Cure whiche is inpˀell361of Deithe or mayme butyff362he shewe the same seike or hurte pˀsone by hym Resseved to the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said misterie or twoo of theym for the tyme beyng for the Savegarde of the Kyngꝭ leige people and that wtin iiijredayes next after the Receyving of the said seike or hurte pˀsons upon payne for evˀy tyme doyng the Contraie of xxsto be devided and applied in manˀ and ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat every man enfraunchesed in the said ffeliship occupying Surgery shall come to their hale to the Redyng of the lecture concernyng Surgery evˀy daye of assemble therof and evˀy man after his course shall rede the lecture hym selffe or ellꝭ ffynde an able man of the said ffeliship to Rede for hym and not to absent hym selffe at his daye of the same Redyng wtout cause Resonable and wtout he give lawfull warnyng therof before the daye upon the payne to fforfate and lose for evˀy tyme doyng the contrarie xxsto be devyded and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no man of the said ffeliaship shall take any cure from A nother of the same ffeliaship nor Supplant oon A nother nor geve or Speke eny Slaunderous Wordes in disablyng hym of his Science or conyng but be Rather in a Redynesse to geve good Counceill to helpe the Kyngꝭ people And evˀy man offendyng in this behalffe to paye at evˀy tyme so offendyng xiijsiiijdthe oon halffe therof to the Chaumber of London and the other halffe to th’almes of the said ffeliship. Provyded that yff the pacyent ffynde hym selffe aggreved wthis Surgion that then the same pacyent paying to his ffurst Surgion Resonably for his labour shall and may take and have eny other Surgion at his libertie and pleasureAnd where of oldeCustume yerely upon the Sondaye next ensuyng the ffeaste of Seynt Bartholomew the appostell a dyner is kept and provyded for theym of the lyverey of the said Company in their Comen halle called Barbors haleAnd onthe daye of saynt Cosme & Damian yf it be not on the Saterday a dynˀ for them of the same compani owt of the lyverey It is ordeyned and enacted that evˀy man that hathe been upper maister or upper Govˀnor of the said Company shall paye at and for the same dyner xijdfor hym selff and viijdfor his wyffe yff she come And evˀy other man beyng of the lyverey of the same Company shall paye in likewyse for hym selffe viijdand for his wyffe yff she come iiijdProvided alwaye that the maisters or Govˀnors of the said Company for the tyme beyng shall paye nothing for theire wyffꝭ comyng to the dyner for that yere fforasmoche as their Wyffꝭ must of necessite be theire to helpe that evˀy thyng theire be sett in ordre. And that evˀy man of the said Company beyng owt of the lyverey shall paye at and for his dyner on the said morowe viijdand for his Wyffe yff she come iiijd.Also it is ordeynedthat at evˀy assemble holden in the Comen halle of the said misterie no man beyng their pˀsent shall multiplie langauge in the assembly tyme that is to saye yff any man theire Speke moo Wordes or multiplye more langauge in the assemble than the maisters or Govˀnors for the tyme beyng their pˀsent thynke to be good and necessarie that then yff they or oon of theym comaunde hym to kepe Silence that then he shall so doo in kepyng his Obedience. And also no man comyng to eny of the said assembles shall depˀte ffrom thens duryng the assemble tyme wtout lycence of the maisters or Govˀnors their pˀsent or oon of theym and the offender in eny of the said ij poyntꝭ or cases to fforffeyte and paye at evˀy tyme soo offendyng xxdto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no man of the Clothing or lyverey of the said Company pˀsume to goo oone afore another of theym in processions buryallꝭ or Annyversaries nor in Syttyng in their Assembles or in their halle at dyner or other Repastes their or in any other honest place to be had other wyse than he is inAunsiente363in the same Company and accordyng to the trew Entrance therof in the Bedyllꝭ Rolle.Northat eny of them of eny scrypulosite ffrowardnesse or pusyllamyte Reffuse to take his owne Rowme or place accordyng to the ordre aforesaid but that evˀy man in theyse ij cases kepe and occupye his oldene Rowme and place in ffourme aforsaid Wyll he nyll he in good obedient manner and he of theym that offendyth in Brekyng the ordre in any of the said ij cases shall fforffeyte and paye at evˀy tyme so offendyng xijdto be applied and devided in ffourme above rehersed.All whiche Ordinances andothes in manˀ and ffourme afore specyfyed at the Request of the said Maister Wardens and ffelauship by Auctorite of the same Acte of pˀliament Wee the said Chaunceler Tresourer and Cheyff Justices of eyther benche aforsaid for good lawdable and laufull Ordinncꝭ Estatutes and othes doo accept and admytte by theis pˀsentꝭ asmoche as in us is Ratifie laude and approveProvidedalwayes and forseen that theis ordinancꝭ wtin this boke expressed or any of theym in noo wyse extende nor be pˀjudicyall or hurtfull to the Kyngꝭ pˀrogatyve nother to the hurte of eny graunte or grauntꝭ by the kyng or his noble pˀgenytors before tyme made to the Citie of London or any other or any laudable Custumes now used in the same Citie and in case any article or articles in this boke expressed be pˀjudiciall or hurtfull to the kyngꝭ pˀrogatyve or to eny graunt by the Kyng and his noble progenytors made to the said Citie of London or any other or to any other laudable Custumes above expressed then the same article or articles and evˀy of theym so beyng pˀjudiciall or hurtfull as is abovesaid to bevoyde cassate and of non effecte Anything by us the said Chaunceler Tresourer and ij Cheyffe Justices in this behalffe done or made to the contrarie not wtstandyngProvidedalways that for divers consideracions aswell for the welth of the Kyngꝭ lyege people as for the honesty of the sayd Crafte yt is now condescended and aggreed that from hensforth no pˀsounes of ffelaishyp after he or they be made ffree of the said Company shall pˀsume to sett open any Shopp of Barbory unto soch tyme as he or they be abled by the sayd Master or Govˀnours withoute he be of the cleer value of ten markꝭ sterlyng uppon payn of fforfaiture of xlsthe oon half to the chambre of London and the other half to the almes of the said Crafte.In Wytneswherof to this pˀsent Booke wee have sett owre signe manuellꝭ the xiiijthday of Maye In the xxijtiyere of the Reign of oure sovˀaygne lord his Reigne Kyng Henry the viijth.
To all trew Cristen people to whome this present wrytyng shall come Sir Thomas More Knyghtand Chauncellor to owre most drad Souˀaigne lorde Kyng Henry the viijthKyng of Englond and of ffraunce defensor of the ffaythe and lorde of Irelond: Thomas Duke of Northffolke and Tresourer of Englond, John ffitzjames Knyght Cheyff Justice of owre said Souˀaigne lord is Benche and Roᵬt Norwiche Knyght Cheyff Justice of the Com̃en Benche Sende gretynge in owre lorde God evˀlasting. Where in A certen Acte in the pˀliament holden at Westmynster the xxvtidaye of January in the xxthyere of the most Noble Kynge of ffamous memorie Kyng Henry the vijthmade and Ordeyned ffor the Weale and pˀffite of his Subgeittꝭ it Was Amongꝭ other thingꝭ Ordeyned Establisshed and enacted that no Maister Wardens or ffelaiship of Craftꝭ or misteries or any of them or any Rulers of Gyldes or ffratˀnites sholde take upon them to make any Actes or Ordinaunces ne to execute or use any Actes or Ordinances by them heretofore made in disenheryting or dymynic͠on of the Kyngꝭ pˀrogative or any other or Ayenst the Comen Weale and pˀffite of the Kyngꝭ Subgeittꝭ and liege people but yff the same Actes or Ordinances be examyned appoynted and admytted by the Chauncelor and Tresorer of Englond and the Cheyff Justices of eyther Benche or three of theym or els before bothe Justices of Assise in their Circute or progresse in that Shire where soche Actes or Ordinances be made upon payne of fforfature of xllifor evˀy tyme that they doo therunto contrarie as in the said Acte itt doeth more playnly appere: The Maisters and Wardens of the misterie or Crafte of Barbor Surgions of the Citie of London Willing and desiring the said Acte in evˀry behalff to be observed and kept the xxtiday of Octobre inthexxijti357yere of the Raigne of owre Souˀaigne lorde Kyng Henry the viijthhave exhibite and pˀsented their petic͠on thereupon made wta Boke conteyning dyvers Statutes Actes and Ordinances hertofore devised ordeyned and made for the ffelauship of Barbors Surgions and their Successors and for the Comon Weale and conservac͠on of the good estate of the said Crafte and misterie of Barbor Surgions aforesaid and for the Better Rules and Ordinances of the same ffelauship establysshed ordeyned and used. And therupon Instantly have desired us that We all and evˀy the said Statutes Ordinances and Othes by the same Maister and Wardens and their pˀdecessors to the fforsaid Entent made ordeyned and establisshed Wolde oversee and exameyn and the same and evˀy of theym correcte Refourme and amend after the maner and due ffourme convenyent and as the fforsaid Acte in the said pˀliament made requyreth.Wee Wellpˀceyving the said Supplicac͠on to be good and acceptable according to their petic͠on and desires and by auctoritie of the said Acte of pˀliament to us comyttedAlland evˀy their Othes Actes and Ordinances in the said Boke specyfied have pˀfightly seen and the same well and ripely understond and theym all and evˀy of theym examyned corrected and reformed the tenure as hereaftˀ folowethThe Othe of evˀy ffreman ffurste ye shallswere that ye shalbe good and trewe unto owre leige lorde the Kyng and to his heires Kyngꝭ of Englond and obedient to the Maior and his Brethern the Aldermen of the Citie of London. And also ye shalbe obedient to the Maisters or Governors that now be or that hereafter shalbe of the Crafte of Barbor Surgions wherof ye be nowe made ffree, ye shall also obeye kepe and observe all the good Orders Rules and Ordinances of the said Crafte hertofore made and not Repelled and herafter to be made so helpe you God and all Sayntꝭ and by this BokeThe Othe of the Maisters or Governorsye shall swere that ye shall observe kepe and mayntene the Wourship proffite and Comen Wele of the Crafte of Barbor Surgions in all poyntꝭ laufull and leafull as good and pˀffitable Maisters or Governors and Rulers ought to do after youre good connyng good diligence and power. Also ye shall kepe and maynten and do to be kept and mayntened during yortyme as farforthe as you laufully maye aswell all soche good usages custumes liberties and Ordinances of the same Crafte and at this daye used approved and contynued and all and singuler poyntꝭ conteyned in the pˀmysses duely and trewly ye shall put in execuc͠on When and as often as the Casse shall requyre during yortyme. And also ye shall duely and trewely make yorSerches thorough all the Company of the same Crafte Within the Citie of London and Suburbes of the same. And thereupon as the Casse shall requyre all the defaultes and necligences concilementꝭ and inconvenyencꝭ that may hapne or fall to be ffounde in the Crafte of Barbory or Surgeryin yortyme ye diligently shall reforme and sett in good Rule and trewely correcte and ponyshe according to the power and Rules for the reformac͠on had and made for the same in the said Crafte And for and during yortyme correcte and lawfully ponyshe after the qualites and gravites of and upon the demerites and defaultꝭ ffounden in the same after yorconnyng and power. Also ye shall not admytt eny fforen to be of this misterie whiche herafter shall sue to be ffreman of this Citie by Redempc͠on and to be enfraunchised in this misterie wtout thassent of the xxiiijtiassistentꝭ of the same Crafte or the more pˀte of them. And over that ye shall not charge the hole bodye of this ffelishipp by puttyng the Comen Seale of the same misterie to eny manˀ writyng cause or matter wherby the same company in any wise may be charged hurted or hyndered. Also in all the pˀmysses and other thyngꝭ necessarie concernyng the Weale and proffite of the said Crafte ye shall trewly lawfully diligently and indyfferently behave yorselffe after yorconnyng and power and neyther for mede love ffavor affecc͠on nor for drede malice hatred or envie otherwise pˀcede Rule or conclude to or with any pˀson or pˀsones wtwhiche ye shalhave to doo by reason of yorsaid office than the good usages Rules liberties and Ordinances for the good ordre of the same Crafte hertofore made and not repelled and herafter to be made.Alsoat thende of yorOffice ye shall geve unto the Maisters or Govˀnors that shall succede you next in the same occupac͠on this pˀsent othe So that they shall duely and trewely in all thingꝭ during the tyme that they shalbe in like Office pˀforme and ffulfill the same othe so god you helpe and all Sayntꝭ and by this BokeAlso it is ordeynedthat evˀry pˀson enfraunchised in the same Crafte shalbe redye at almanˀ of somons of the maisters or Govˀnors of the said Crafte for the tyme beyng And yff eny soche pˀsone absent hym from eny soche somõns wtout cause resonable to be tried by his othe byfore the maisters or Govˀnors yff they thynke it necessarie Than he to paye for evˀy so doyng iijsiiijdthe oon half to the chambre of London the other to yealmes of the crafteAlso yteveryman enfraunchesed in the said Crafte beyng duely warned or somõned that kepeth not his houre accordyng to the Somõns wtout cause resonable to be tried in manˀr aforesaid for evˀy tyme so doyng shall paye to the almes of the said Crafte ijdAnd he or they that disobeyeth this ordinaunce shall paye for his or theire disobedience in that behalff for evˀy tyme so offending iijsiiijdto be devided in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is enacted andordeyned that evˀy man in the Clothyng or lyvere of the said misterie shall paye quarterly to the mayntenance of the Comen Charges of the same vjdAnd evˀry man owt of the Clothing and evˀy Wydowe kepyng an open Shoppe iijdAnd this to be paide quarterly upon payne and forfeyture at evˀy tyme offendyng or doying the contrairie iijsiiijdthe one halff thereof to be applied to the use of the Chaumbre of London and the other halff to the almes of the said ffeliship so alwayesthat the said quarterage be lawfully demaunded.Also it is ordeynedthat no pˀson enfraunchesed in the said Crafte shall take any apprentice unto this tyme that he ffurst pˀsente this same pˀsone byfore the maisters or Govˀnors for the tyme beyng that they may see he be clene wtout contynewell diseases or grevous infirmytes wherby the kyngꝭ leige people myght take hurt upon payne for evˀy tyme so doyng of xlsto be applied in manˀ aforsaid.Also it is ordeynedthat evˀy pˀson of the said ffeliship shall paye towardꝭ there charges for evˀy apprentice that he taketh ijsvjdTo be payde at the pˀsentac͠on & allowyng of every apprentice.Also it is ordeynedthat no pˀsons of the said ffeliaship beyng in the Clothyng or lyverye shalhave any moo Servauntes apprentices orCovenantꝭ358usynge the faculte or misterie of Barborye or Surgery to gidder at oons above the nombre of iiij pˀsons pˀvided alwaye that wtin halffe a yere of the goyngowt or endyng of the terme of oone of the said iiij pˀsons it shalbe leaffull to evˀy soche pˀsone to take and have another apprentice or Servante the said act notwtstondyng and he that offendyth in brekyng this Acte shall forfeyte and paye xldto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no manˀ of pˀsone of the same ffeliship beyng owt of the Clothing shall have to giddere at oons above the nombre of iij apprentices or Servantes to occupye the said misterie and ffaculte pˀvided as is pˀvided in the latter article and uppon lyke payneAlso it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone of the said ffeliship shall take to his sˀvice as sˀvantalowes359eny englishman fforen or Aliaunt Straunger to occupie the ffaculte of Barbery or Surgery but the said pˀsone shall pˀsent the same Sˀvante wtin iij dayes next after his Comyng to the said pˀsone to and before the said maisters and Govˀnors of the said ffeliaship for the tyme beyng to thentent that he before theym may be sessed what wages he shall take. And yff he be an Aliaunt Straungear borne he to paye yerely of his wages to the almes of the said ffeliship iijsiiijdand that mony to be taken quarterly of the Master of the same Straungear and of his wages and who that doethe contrarye to this Rule shall fforfeyte at evˀy tyme so doyng xldto be devided and payde as is aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone of the said Crafte shall entyse or desire eny Svant from his Maister nor shall take any fforren into his sˀvice ffor lesse terme than for oon yere and he to be sessed or rated for his wages by the Maisters or Govˀnors of the same misterie and this to be done yerely evˀy yere upon payne for evˀy tyme doyng the contrarie of xiijsiiijdthe oon halff to be applied to the use of the Chaumber of London and the other halffe to the use of the almes of the said feliship.Also it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone of the same ffeliaship after that he be admytted and sworne ffreman of this Citie afore the Chaumberleyn pˀsume to open hys Shoppe Wyndowes before he hathe pˀsented hym selffto and before the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said misterie for the tyme beyng and wtthem have aggreed in payng his dutie accustumed that is to saye to the use of the Company iijsiiijdand to the Clerke iiijdto the mayntenance of theire comen Charges and in takyng his othe afore theym accordyng to the lawdable custume and ordre in the same misterie of olde tyme used upon payne to lose fforfeyte and paye xlsto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no pˀsone enfraunchesed in the said misterie shall enforme or teche eny fforen other than his Apprentice eny poynte of his Crafte belongyng to Barbery or Surgery upon payne for evˀy tyme so doyng xlsto be applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso yff any matterof stryffe or debate herafter be betwene eny pˀson of the said Crafte as God fforfende that noon of them shall make enypˀsuts360in the Comen lawe but that he whiche ffyndeth hym aggreved shall ffurst make his complaynt to the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said Crafte for the tyme beyng to thentent that they shall ordre the said matter or cause of complaynt so made yff they can: and yff it fortune that they can not nor doo not ordre and appesse the same matter wtin xiiij dayes next ensuyng That then it shalbe leafull to the pˀtie aggreved to take his advauntage at the comen lawe So alwayes that the pˀtie ayenst whom the complaynt is made be not ffugityffe and who so doeth the contrarie herof shall paye for evˀry tyme so doyng xiijsiiijdto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaid.Also that no pˀsoneof the said ffeliship shall revile Rebuke nor Reprove an other of the same ffeliaship by eny unfitting opprobrios condic͠ons or dishonest Wordes in the pˀsens of the Maisters or Govˀnors or eny of theym nor before eny other pˀsons in eny other places and he that offendeth in this behalff and due prouff therof had shall paye for evˀry soche defalte vjsviijdto be devyded and applied in ffourme aforsaid.Also that no pˀsoneof the said Crafte shall refuse to be of the Clothing of the said misterie or to bere Office in the same at eny tyme whan he by the said Maisters or Govˀnors and assistentꝭ of the same misterie or the more pˀte of them shalbe abled therto upon payne to paye xlsto be applied in ffourme aforsaid. And that the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said misterie for the tyme byng shall not take nor admytte eny pˀsone into the Clothyng or lyverye of the same misterie without the Comen assent of the xxiiijtiassistentꝭ of the same or the more pˀte of theym upon like payne as is aforsaid for evˀy tyme so doyng to be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaid.And where by dyvershighe auctorities for the honor and Revˀence of the Sondaye it is ordeyned of olde antiquyte that no Barbor dwellyng wtin the Cite or Suburbis of the same nor elles where shall occupie Shaving on the Sondayes neyther wtin their house nor wtout pryvely nor appertly. It is now therforordeyned and enacted that no pˀsone ffree of the said Company from hensforthe occupye eny manˀ Shavyng on the Sondays wtin this Citie nor liberties of the same upon payne and forfature for evˀy tyme so doyng of xlsthe one halff thereof to the chaumber of London and the other halffe therof to the almes of the said Crafte.Also it is ordeyned thatno maner pˀsone beyng ffree of the said ffeliship shall take any seike or hurte pˀsone or pˀsones to his Cure whiche is inpˀell361of Deithe or mayme butyff362he shewe the same seike or hurte pˀsone by hym Resseved to the Maisters or Govˀnors of the said misterie or twoo of theym for the tyme beyng for the Savegarde of the Kyngꝭ leige people and that wtin iiijredayes next after the Receyving of the said seike or hurte pˀsons upon payne for evˀy tyme doyng the Contraie of xxsto be devided and applied in manˀ and ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat every man enfraunchesed in the said ffeliship occupying Surgery shall come to their hale to the Redyng of the lecture concernyng Surgery evˀy daye of assemble therof and evˀy man after his course shall rede the lecture hym selffe or ellꝭ ffynde an able man of the said ffeliship to Rede for hym and not to absent hym selffe at his daye of the same Redyng wtout cause Resonable and wtout he give lawfull warnyng therof before the daye upon the payne to fforfate and lose for evˀy tyme doyng the contrarie xxsto be devyded and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no man of the said ffeliaship shall take any cure from A nother of the same ffeliaship nor Supplant oon A nother nor geve or Speke eny Slaunderous Wordes in disablyng hym of his Science or conyng but be Rather in a Redynesse to geve good Counceill to helpe the Kyngꝭ people And evˀy man offendyng in this behalffe to paye at evˀy tyme so offendyng xiijsiiijdthe oon halffe therof to the Chaumber of London and the other halffe to th’almes of the said ffeliship. Provyded that yff the pacyent ffynde hym selffe aggreved wthis Surgion that then the same pacyent paying to his ffurst Surgion Resonably for his labour shall and may take and have eny other Surgion at his libertie and pleasureAnd where of oldeCustume yerely upon the Sondaye next ensuyng the ffeaste of Seynt Bartholomew the appostell a dyner is kept and provyded for theym of the lyverey of the said Company in their Comen halle called Barbors haleAnd onthe daye of saynt Cosme & Damian yf it be not on the Saterday a dynˀ for them of the same compani owt of the lyverey It is ordeyned and enacted that evˀy man that hathe been upper maister or upper Govˀnor of the said Company shall paye at and for the same dyner xijdfor hym selff and viijdfor his wyffe yff she come And evˀy other man beyng of the lyverey of the same Company shall paye in likewyse for hym selffe viijdand for his wyffe yff she come iiijdProvided alwaye that the maisters or Govˀnors of the said Company for the tyme beyng shall paye nothing for theire wyffꝭ comyng to the dyner for that yere fforasmoche as their Wyffꝭ must of necessite be theire to helpe that evˀy thyng theire be sett in ordre. And that evˀy man of the said Company beyng owt of the lyverey shall paye at and for his dyner on the said morowe viijdand for his Wyffe yff she come iiijd.Also it is ordeynedthat at evˀy assemble holden in the Comen halle of the said misterie no man beyng their pˀsent shall multiplie langauge in the assembly tyme that is to saye yff any man theire Speke moo Wordes or multiplye more langauge in the assemble than the maisters or Govˀnors for the tyme beyng their pˀsent thynke to be good and necessarie that then yff they or oon of theym comaunde hym to kepe Silence that then he shall so doo in kepyng his Obedience. And also no man comyng to eny of the said assembles shall depˀte ffrom thens duryng the assemble tyme wtout lycence of the maisters or Govˀnors their pˀsent or oon of theym and the offender in eny of the said ij poyntꝭ or cases to fforffeyte and paye at evˀy tyme soo offendyng xxdto be devided and applied in ffourme aforsaidAlso it is ordeynedthat no man of the Clothing or lyverey of the said Company pˀsume to goo oone afore another of theym in processions buryallꝭ or Annyversaries nor in Syttyng in their Assembles or in their halle at dyner or other Repastes their or in any other honest place to be had other wyse than he is inAunsiente363in the same Company and accordyng to the trew Entrance therof in the Bedyllꝭ Rolle.Northat eny of them of eny scrypulosite ffrowardnesse or pusyllamyte Reffuse to take his owne Rowme or place accordyng to the ordre aforesaid but that evˀy man in theyse ij cases kepe and occupye his oldene Rowme and place in ffourme aforsaid Wyll he nyll he in good obedient manner and he of theym that offendyth in Brekyng the ordre in any of the said ij cases shall fforffeyte and paye at evˀy tyme so offendyng xijdto be applied and devided in ffourme above rehersed.All whiche Ordinances andothes in manˀ and ffourme afore specyfyed at the Request of the said Maister Wardens and ffelauship by Auctorite of the same Acte of pˀliament Wee the said Chaunceler Tresourer and Cheyff Justices of eyther benche aforsaid for good lawdable and laufull Ordinncꝭ Estatutes and othes doo accept and admytte by theis pˀsentꝭ asmoche as in us is Ratifie laude and approveProvidedalwayes and forseen that theis ordinancꝭ wtin this boke expressed or any of theym in noo wyse extende nor be pˀjudicyall or hurtfull to the Kyngꝭ pˀrogatyve nother to the hurte of eny graunte or grauntꝭ by the kyng or his noble pˀgenytors before tyme made to the Citie of London or any other or any laudable Custumes now used in the same Citie and in case any article or articles in this boke expressed be pˀjudiciall or hurtfull to the kyngꝭ pˀrogatyve or to eny graunt by the Kyng and his noble progenytors made to the said Citie of London or any other or to any other laudable Custumes above expressed then the same article or articles and evˀy of theym so beyng pˀjudiciall or hurtfull as is abovesaid to bevoyde cassate and of non effecte Anything by us the said Chaunceler Tresourer and ij Cheyffe Justices in this behalffe done or made to the contrarie not wtstandyngProvidedalways that for divers consideracions aswell for the welth of the Kyngꝭ lyege people as for the honesty of the sayd Crafte yt is now condescended and aggreed that from hensforth no pˀsounes of ffelaishyp after he or they be made ffree of the said Company shall pˀsume to sett open any Shopp of Barbory unto soch tyme as he or they be abled by the sayd Master or Govˀnours withoute he be of the cleer value of ten markꝭ sterlyng uppon payn of fforfaiture of xlsthe oon half to the chambre of London and the other half to the almes of the said Crafte.
In Wytneswherof to this pˀsent Booke wee have sett owre signe manuellꝭ the xiiijthday of Maye In the xxijtiyere of the Reign of oure sovˀaygne lord his Reigne Kyng Henry the viijth.
Tho MoreJohn FfitzjamesChauncellourRõbt Norwych.
Tho MoreJohn Ffitzjames
Tho More
John Ffitzjames
ChauncellourRõbt Norwych.
Chauncellour
Rõbt Norwych.
Anno xxxijHenrici Octavi
¶ An act concernyng Barbours and Surgeons to be of one companie.Cap. xij.364
The kyng our soveraigne lord by the advise of his lordes spirytuall and temporall, and the commons in thys presente parlyament assembled and by the auctortye of the same by all their common assentes duly ponderyng among other things necessary for the common welth of this realme, that it is very expedient and nedeful to provyde for men experte in the science of phisicke and surgery, for the helth of mannes body, when infirmities and sickenes shall happen, for the due exercise and maintenaunce whereof good and necessary actes be alredy made and provided. Yet nevertheles, for as muche as within the citie of Londone, where men of great experience aswell in speculation, as in practice of the science and faculty of surgery, be abiding & enhabiting, and have more commonly the dayly exercise and experience of the same sciẽce of Surgery, then is had or used within any partyes of this realme: And by occasion therof many expert personnes be brought up under them, as their servauntes apprentices and others, who by thexercyse and diligent informacion of theyr sayd maysters, as wel now as hereafter shal exercise the sayd science within divers other parties of this realme, to the great relyefe comfort and succour of much people, and to the sure safegarde of theyr bodily health, theyrlimittes365and lyves. And forasmuchas within the sayd citie of London there be nowe two severall and distincte companyes of Surgeons, occupyinge and exercisynge the sayde scyence and faculty of surgery, the one company being commonly called the Barbours of London, and the other company called the surgeons of London Which company of barbours be incorporated to sew and be sewed by the name of maisters or governours of the mistery and comminalty of the barbours of London, by vertue and auctoritye of the letters patentes under the great seale of the late kyng of famous memory kyng Edwarde the fourth dated at westminster the foure and twentie day of February in the fyrst yere of his reigne which afterwarde as wel by ournost366most drad soveraigne lord as by the right noble and vertuouse prynce kyng Henry the seventhe, father unto the kynges mooste excelent highnesse now beyng were and be confirmed, as by sundrie letters patentes therof made amongest other thynges in the same conteygned more at large maie appere. And the other companie called the surgeons be not incorporate, nor have any maner corporacion which two severall and distincte companies of surgeons were necessarie to bee unyted and made one bodie incorporat to the entente that by their unyon and often assemble togythers to the good and dewe order exercise and knowlage of the sayd science or facultie of surgerie, should be as well in speculacions as in practyse, both to them selves and al other their servauntes and apprentises, nowe and herafter to be brought up under them, and by their lerninge and dilegent and rype informacions more perfect spedy and effectuall remedy shuld be than it hath ben or should be if the said two companies of barbours and surgeons should contenew severed a sunder and not joyned togyther as they before this tyme have ben and used them selves not medlynge togyther. Wherfore in consyderacyon of the premysses be it enacted by the Kynge our soveraigne lorde, and by the lordes spirituall and temporall, and by the commons in this present parlyamente assembled, and by the auctoritye of the same that the sayd two several and distyncte companyes of Surgeons, that is to saie, bothe the barbours and the Surgeons, and every personne of theim beynge a free manne of either of the sayd companies after the custome of the sayd citye of London and theyr successours, from hense forthe immediatly be unyted and made on entyer and hole body corporate and one cominaltye perpetuall whych at al tims herafter shall be called by the name of maisters or governours of the mystery and comminalte of Barbours and Surgeons of London for evermore and by none other name: And by the same name to impleade and be impleaded before al maner of Justices, in al courtes in al maner of actiõs and sutes. And also to purchase enjoy, & take to thẽ and to theyr successors al maner of landes tenementes rentes and other possessions what so ever they be, and also shal have a comon seale to serve for thebusines of the sayd company and corporacion for ever. And by the same name peasably quietly and indifferently have possession and enjoy to theym and to theyr successours for ever, all suche landes and tenementes, and other hereditamentes what soever, which the said company or comminalty of barbours have and enjoy to thuse of the said mistery and comminalty of barbours of London. And also shall peasably and quietlye have and enjoye all and singular benefittes, grauntes liberties, privileges fraunchises, and fre customes and also al maner of other thinges, at any time geven or graũted unto the sayd companies of barbours or surgeons, by what so ever name or names they or any of theim wer called, and whiche they or any of them now have, or any of their predecessours have had by actes of parlyament letter patentes of the kynges highnes, or other his moste noble progenytours or otherwyse by any laufull meanes had at any tyme afore thys present acte in as large and ample maner and forme, as they or any of thẽ have had myght or shuld enjoye the same, this union or conjunction of the said companis together not withstandyng. And as largely to have and enjoie the premisses, as if the same wer and had ben specialli and particularli expressed and declared with the best and most clerest woordes & termes in the lawe, to all intentes and purposes And that al persons of the sayd Company now in corporate by thys present act, and their successours, that shal be laufully admitted and approved to occupie surgery after the forme of the statute in that case ordeyned and provyded shalbe exempt for bearĩg of armure or to be put in any watches or inquestes And that they and their successours shall have the serche over sight punishement and correctiõ as well of fremen as of foreins for such offences as they or any of them shall com̃it or do against the good order of barbary or surgery as afore this time amonge the sayd mistery and company of barbours of London, hath ben used and accustomed, accordyng to the good and politike rules and ordynaunces by them made and approved bi the lords Chauncellour treasorer and two chiefe Justices of either bench or any thre of them after the forme of the statute in that case ordeyned and provided.¶ And further be it enacted by thauctoritie aforesayd, that the sayd maysters or governours of the mistery and comminaltie of barbours and surgeons of Londõ, and their successours yerely for ever after their sad discrecions at their free liberte and pleasure shal and maie have and take without c͠otradiction foure persons condempned adjudged and put to deathe for feloni by the due order of the kynges lawe of thys realme for anatomies without any further sute or labour to be made to the kyngs highnes his heyres or successours for the same. And to make incision of the same deade bodies or otherwyse to order the same after their said discrecions at their pleasures for their further and better knowlage instruction in sight learnyng and experience in the sayd scyence or facultie of surgery Savĩg unto al person their heires and successours al such right tytle enterest anddemande, which they or any of them myght laufully clayme or have in or to any of the landes and tenementes with the appurtenaunces, belog̃ing unto the sayd company of barbours and surgeons or any of them, at any tyme afore the makyng of this acte, in as ample maner & fourme as they or any of them hadde or ought to have had heretofore: Any thyngit367thys present acte comprised to the contrary herof in any wyse not withstãding.¶ And for as muche as suche persones being the misterie or facultee of surgery, oftentymes medle and take into their cure and houses suche sicke anddiseases368persõs as ben infected with the pestilence great pockes & such other contagious infirmityes do use or exercise barbari, as washynge, or shavyng, and other feates therunto belongyng, whiche is veraie perillous for infectyng the kyngs liege people resortyng to their shoppes and houses ther beyng washed or shaven. Wherfore it is now enacted ordeyned and provided by thauctoritye aforesayd that no maner person within the citie of London suburbes of the same, andon369miles compasse of the sayde citie of London, after the feast of the nativitie of our lord god next com̃ing usyng any barbary or shavyng, or that here after shall use any barbary or shavyng within the sayd citie of London suburbes or one myle circuite of the same citie of London he nor they nor none other for thẽ to his or other use shall occupy any surgery lettyng of bloud, or any other thynge belongyng to surgery drawing of teeth only excepte. And further more in lyke maner who so ever that useth the mistery or crafte of surgery within the circute aforesayd, as long as he shall fortune to use the sayde maystery or crafte of surgerie shall in no wyse occupie nor exercyse the feat or crafte of barbarie or shaving neither by hym selfe nor by non other for him to his or their use: And moreover that al maner of persones usynge surgery for the tyme beyng as well free men as forens aliens and straungers within the said citie of London, the suburbes therof, and on myle compasse of the same citie of London before the feast of sainct Michaell tharchangel next commyng, shal have an open signe on the strete syde wher they shall fortune to dwell that all the kynges liege people there passing by may know at al times whether to resort for theyr remedies in time of necessity. And further be it enacted by thauctority aforesayd, that no maner of person after the sayd feast of saynct Michaell tharchaungell next commyng presume to kepe any shoppe of barbarie or shaving within the city of London except he be a free man of the same corporacion and company.☞And furthermore at such times heretofore accustomed there shalbe chosen by the same company foure maisters or governours of the same corporacion or company, of the which .iiii. two of them shalbe expert in surgery and thother two in barbary, which.iiii, maysters and every of theym shall have full power and auctority from time to time, during theyr said offyce to have the oversyght serche punishement and correction of al such defaultes and inconveniences as shalbe found among the sayd company using barbary or surgery, as wel of fre mẽ as forens aliens and strangers with in the citye of London & the circuite aforesayd, after their sad discrescions And if any persõ or persõs usyng any barbary or surgery at any time hereafter, offend in any of these articles aforesayd: then for every moneth the sayd persons so offending shal lose forfait and pay .v. li. the one moiety therof to the king our soveraigne lord, and the other moiety to any person that wil or shal sue therfore by action of det bill plainte or informacion in anye the kinges courtes, wherin no wager of law essoin or protection shall be admitted or alowed in the same.¶ Provided the said barbours and surgeons and every of them shal beare and pay lot and scot and such other charges, as they and their predecessours have ben accustomed to pay within the sayd citie of London this acte or any thyng therin conteigned to the contrary herof in any wyse not withstandyng.☞Provided alway and be it enacted by auctoritie aforsaid that it shalbe lefull to any of the kynges subjectes not beyng Barbour or Surgeon, to reteine have and kepe in his house as his servaunt any person beynge a barbour or surgeon whych shal and maie use and exercise those actes and faculties of Barbery and surgery or either of thẽ in his maisters house, or elles wher by his maisters licence or commaundement any thyng in thys acte above written to the contrary not withstandyng.
The kyng our soveraigne lord by the advise of his lordes spirytuall and temporall, and the commons in thys presente parlyament assembled and by the auctortye of the same by all their common assentes duly ponderyng among other things necessary for the common welth of this realme, that it is very expedient and nedeful to provyde for men experte in the science of phisicke and surgery, for the helth of mannes body, when infirmities and sickenes shall happen, for the due exercise and maintenaunce whereof good and necessary actes be alredy made and provided. Yet nevertheles, for as muche as within the citie of Londone, where men of great experience aswell in speculation, as in practice of the science and faculty of surgery, be abiding & enhabiting, and have more commonly the dayly exercise and experience of the same sciẽce of Surgery, then is had or used within any partyes of this realme: And by occasion therof many expert personnes be brought up under them, as their servauntes apprentices and others, who by thexercyse and diligent informacion of theyr sayd maysters, as wel now as hereafter shal exercise the sayd science within divers other parties of this realme, to the great relyefe comfort and succour of much people, and to the sure safegarde of theyr bodily health, theyrlimittes365and lyves. And forasmuchas within the sayd citie of London there be nowe two severall and distincte companyes of Surgeons, occupyinge and exercisynge the sayde scyence and faculty of surgery, the one company being commonly called the Barbours of London, and the other company called the surgeons of London Which company of barbours be incorporated to sew and be sewed by the name of maisters or governours of the mistery and comminalty of the barbours of London, by vertue and auctoritye of the letters patentes under the great seale of the late kyng of famous memory kyng Edwarde the fourth dated at westminster the foure and twentie day of February in the fyrst yere of his reigne which afterwarde as wel by ournost366most drad soveraigne lord as by the right noble and vertuouse prynce kyng Henry the seventhe, father unto the kynges mooste excelent highnesse now beyng were and be confirmed, as by sundrie letters patentes therof made amongest other thynges in the same conteygned more at large maie appere. And the other companie called the surgeons be not incorporate, nor have any maner corporacion which two severall and distincte companies of surgeons were necessarie to bee unyted and made one bodie incorporat to the entente that by their unyon and often assemble togythers to the good and dewe order exercise and knowlage of the sayd science or facultie of surgerie, should be as well in speculacions as in practyse, both to them selves and al other their servauntes and apprentises, nowe and herafter to be brought up under them, and by their lerninge and dilegent and rype informacions more perfect spedy and effectuall remedy shuld be than it hath ben or should be if the said two companies of barbours and surgeons should contenew severed a sunder and not joyned togyther as they before this tyme have ben and used them selves not medlynge togyther. Wherfore in consyderacyon of the premysses be it enacted by the Kynge our soveraigne lorde, and by the lordes spirituall and temporall, and by the commons in this present parlyamente assembled, and by the auctoritye of the same that the sayd two several and distyncte companyes of Surgeons, that is to saie, bothe the barbours and the Surgeons, and every personne of theim beynge a free manne of either of the sayd companies after the custome of the sayd citye of London and theyr successours, from hense forthe immediatly be unyted and made on entyer and hole body corporate and one cominaltye perpetuall whych at al tims herafter shall be called by the name of maisters or governours of the mystery and comminalte of Barbours and Surgeons of London for evermore and by none other name: And by the same name to impleade and be impleaded before al maner of Justices, in al courtes in al maner of actiõs and sutes. And also to purchase enjoy, & take to thẽ and to theyr successors al maner of landes tenementes rentes and other possessions what so ever they be, and also shal have a comon seale to serve for thebusines of the sayd company and corporacion for ever. And by the same name peasably quietly and indifferently have possession and enjoy to theym and to theyr successours for ever, all suche landes and tenementes, and other hereditamentes what soever, which the said company or comminalty of barbours have and enjoy to thuse of the said mistery and comminalty of barbours of London. And also shall peasably and quietlye have and enjoye all and singular benefittes, grauntes liberties, privileges fraunchises, and fre customes and also al maner of other thinges, at any time geven or graũted unto the sayd companies of barbours or surgeons, by what so ever name or names they or any of theim wer called, and whiche they or any of them now have, or any of their predecessours have had by actes of parlyament letter patentes of the kynges highnes, or other his moste noble progenytours or otherwyse by any laufull meanes had at any tyme afore thys present acte in as large and ample maner and forme, as they or any of thẽ have had myght or shuld enjoye the same, this union or conjunction of the said companis together not withstandyng. And as largely to have and enjoie the premisses, as if the same wer and had ben specialli and particularli expressed and declared with the best and most clerest woordes & termes in the lawe, to all intentes and purposes And that al persons of the sayd Company now in corporate by thys present act, and their successours, that shal be laufully admitted and approved to occupie surgery after the forme of the statute in that case ordeyned and provyded shalbe exempt for bearĩg of armure or to be put in any watches or inquestes And that they and their successours shall have the serche over sight punishement and correctiõ as well of fremen as of foreins for such offences as they or any of them shall com̃it or do against the good order of barbary or surgery as afore this time amonge the sayd mistery and company of barbours of London, hath ben used and accustomed, accordyng to the good and politike rules and ordynaunces by them made and approved bi the lords Chauncellour treasorer and two chiefe Justices of either bench or any thre of them after the forme of the statute in that case ordeyned and provided.
¶ And further be it enacted by thauctoritie aforesayd, that the sayd maysters or governours of the mistery and comminaltie of barbours and surgeons of Londõ, and their successours yerely for ever after their sad discrecions at their free liberte and pleasure shal and maie have and take without c͠otradiction foure persons condempned adjudged and put to deathe for feloni by the due order of the kynges lawe of thys realme for anatomies without any further sute or labour to be made to the kyngs highnes his heyres or successours for the same. And to make incision of the same deade bodies or otherwyse to order the same after their said discrecions at their pleasures for their further and better knowlage instruction in sight learnyng and experience in the sayd scyence or facultie of surgery Savĩg unto al person their heires and successours al such right tytle enterest anddemande, which they or any of them myght laufully clayme or have in or to any of the landes and tenementes with the appurtenaunces, belog̃ing unto the sayd company of barbours and surgeons or any of them, at any tyme afore the makyng of this acte, in as ample maner & fourme as they or any of them hadde or ought to have had heretofore: Any thyngit367thys present acte comprised to the contrary herof in any wyse not withstãding.
¶ And for as muche as suche persones being the misterie or facultee of surgery, oftentymes medle and take into their cure and houses suche sicke anddiseases368persõs as ben infected with the pestilence great pockes & such other contagious infirmityes do use or exercise barbari, as washynge, or shavyng, and other feates therunto belongyng, whiche is veraie perillous for infectyng the kyngs liege people resortyng to their shoppes and houses ther beyng washed or shaven. Wherfore it is now enacted ordeyned and provided by thauctoritye aforesayd that no maner person within the citie of London suburbes of the same, andon369miles compasse of the sayde citie of London, after the feast of the nativitie of our lord god next com̃ing usyng any barbary or shavyng, or that here after shall use any barbary or shavyng within the sayd citie of London suburbes or one myle circuite of the same citie of London he nor they nor none other for thẽ to his or other use shall occupy any surgery lettyng of bloud, or any other thynge belongyng to surgery drawing of teeth only excepte. And further more in lyke maner who so ever that useth the mistery or crafte of surgery within the circute aforesayd, as long as he shall fortune to use the sayde maystery or crafte of surgerie shall in no wyse occupie nor exercyse the feat or crafte of barbarie or shaving neither by hym selfe nor by non other for him to his or their use: And moreover that al maner of persones usynge surgery for the tyme beyng as well free men as forens aliens and straungers within the said citie of London, the suburbes therof, and on myle compasse of the same citie of London before the feast of sainct Michaell tharchangel next commyng, shal have an open signe on the strete syde wher they shall fortune to dwell that all the kynges liege people there passing by may know at al times whether to resort for theyr remedies in time of necessity. And further be it enacted by thauctority aforesayd, that no maner of person after the sayd feast of saynct Michaell tharchaungell next commyng presume to kepe any shoppe of barbarie or shaving within the city of London except he be a free man of the same corporacion and company.
☞And furthermore at such times heretofore accustomed there shalbe chosen by the same company foure maisters or governours of the same corporacion or company, of the which .iiii. two of them shalbe expert in surgery and thother two in barbary, which.iiii, maysters and every of theym shall have full power and auctority from time to time, during theyr said offyce to have the oversyght serche punishement and correction of al such defaultes and inconveniences as shalbe found among the sayd company using barbary or surgery, as wel of fre mẽ as forens aliens and strangers with in the citye of London & the circuite aforesayd, after their sad discrescions And if any persõ or persõs usyng any barbary or surgery at any time hereafter, offend in any of these articles aforesayd: then for every moneth the sayd persons so offending shal lose forfait and pay .v. li. the one moiety therof to the king our soveraigne lord, and the other moiety to any person that wil or shal sue therfore by action of det bill plainte or informacion in anye the kinges courtes, wherin no wager of law essoin or protection shall be admitted or alowed in the same.
¶ Provided the said barbours and surgeons and every of them shal beare and pay lot and scot and such other charges, as they and their predecessours have ben accustomed to pay within the sayd citie of London this acte or any thyng therin conteigned to the contrary herof in any wyse not withstandyng.
☞Provided alway and be it enacted by auctoritie aforsaid that it shalbe lefull to any of the kynges subjectes not beyng Barbour or Surgeon, to reteine have and kepe in his house as his servaunt any person beynge a barbour or surgeon whych shal and maie use and exercise those actes and faculties of Barbery and surgery or either of thẽ in his maisters house, or elles wher by his maisters licence or commaundement any thyng in thys acte above written to the contrary not withstandyng.