This e-book is a direct transcription of theTextbook EditionofThe Armies of Laborby Samuel P. Orth. There were three instances where changes were made to correct an error: one in the bibliography, one in the index, and one on page 231. Also, footnotes were changed in two instances due to the way we transcribe footnotes. There were some inconsistencies in hyphenating words, and these posed dilemmas in deciding how to transcribe a few words in the text. Those decisions appear below with the emendations to the text.Page 94: The phrase, “the son of a cigar-maker” hyphenated cigar-maker for spacing between two lines. We could transcribe the word two ways. There are multiple uses of “cigar-maker” (seePage 113,Page 116, andPage 118for a few examples). There is one lone usage of “cigarmaker” onPage 30. Since usage in this book tended toward the hyphen, cigar-maker on page 94 was transcribed with the hyphen.Page 136andPage 137: Non-union is broken into two lines by a hyphen in two places in the same paragraph. We could transcribe the word two ways. The hyphen was employed onPage 127, but nonunion was used onPage 24andPage 178. By a vote of 2-1, nonunion prevailed.Page 185: Trade-mark was split between two lines and hyphenated for spacing, thus giving the transcriber a choice. Only one other usage of the word was found in the text: trade-mark was hyphenated onPage 186. We therefore used the hyphen on Page 185 and transcribed the word “trade-mark.”Page 243: On page 243 the book was inconsistent by using a hyphen in the “Social-Democratic party,” only to omit the hyphen a few sentences later, on the same page. The hyphen was also not used in the index. Here, the inconsistency was retained.Page 196: In transcribing a book, we place footnotes after the paragraph where the footnote belongs. The paragraph beginning on page 195 and ending on page 196, contains 2 footnotes. In the book, ¹ appears on page 195 and ² appears on page 196, but both footnotes must be placed after the paragraph on page 196 due to the way that we transcribe the book. Therefore, footnote 1 on page 195 in the paper book is ¹ on page 196 of the e-book; and footnote 1 of page 196 in the paper book is ² on page 196 in the e-book.The same changes were made to the footnotes onPage 96andPage 97. The paragraph beginning on page 96 and ending on page 97 had a footnote, and a second paragraph on page 97 had a footnote. In the book, ¹ appears on page 96 and ² appears on page 97, but both footnotes must be placed on page 97 due to the way that we transcribe the book. We changed the latter footnote on page 97 to ² to reduce confusion.The paper book abbreviates the Wobblies as I. W. W., which could cause the text formatter to break up the letters over two lines. One solution to overcome the text formatter is to write “I.W.W.”, but the cramped phrase reads awkwardly. Modern history books use “IWW”. I used the convention adopted by the paper book and hope that the reader is not too inconvenienced by the possible break of I. W. W. across two lines.Page 231: Changed “cooperation” to “coöperation” because every other spelling of that word and derivations had an oomlat. There were thirty-three occurrences of cöperation or coöperate or coöperate and even coördinate. The six occurrences of “coop” were either the name Cooper or the profession. My guess is that the publisher left out the oomlat here by mistake when hyphenating the word into two lines for spacing.Page 262: Every other item in the Bibliography has the date of the book in parenthesis with a period after the right parenthesis when the period is used. I have changed (1889.) after Terence Powderly's book to (1889).Page 270: Insert a comma in the index after “Industrial Workers of the World” and before “American Alliance…”.