1The Korean Review, July, 1903, pp. 289–294.
1The Korean Review, July, 1903, pp. 289–294.
2William Edwin Safford, American Anthropologist, April–June, 1903, p. 293.
2William Edwin Safford, American Anthropologist, April–June, 1903, p. 293.
3Otto Scheerer (MS.), The Ibaloi Igorot, MS. Coll., Ethnological Survey for the Philippine Islands.
3Otto Scheerer (MS.), The Ibaloi Igorot, MS. Coll., Ethnological Survey for the Philippine Islands.
4One blind.
4One blind.
5From Ilokano.
5From Ilokano.
6Many small stars
6Many small stars
7The country northward
7The country northward
8The country southward
8The country southward
9It is probable they seldom count as high as 13,000
9It is probable they seldom count as high as 13,000
10These people say they have no separate adverbs denoting repetition of action—as, once, twice, thrice, four times, ten times, etc. They use the ordinal numerals for this purpose also.
10These people say they have no separate adverbs denoting repetition of action—as, once, twice, thrice, four times, ten times, etc. They use the ordinal numerals for this purpose also.
Figure 1.Sketch map of the Philippine ArchipelagoSketch map of the Philippine Archipelago
Sketch map of the Philippine Archipelago
Sketch map of the Philippine Archipelago
Figure 2.Sketch map of northern LuzonSketch map of northern Luzon
Sketch map of northern Luzon
Sketch map of northern Luzon
Figure 3.Sketch map of Bontoc culture areaSketch map of Bontoc culture area
Sketch map of Bontoc culture area
Sketch map of Bontoc culture area
Figure 4.Section of the last long climb from Cervantes to BontocSection of the last long climb from Cervantes to BontocPhoto by Martin
Section of the last long climb from Cervantes to Bontoc
Section of the last long climb from Cervantes to Bontoc
Photo by Martin
Figure 5.Tilud pass, east sideTilud pass, east sidePhoto by Martin
Tilud pass, east side
Tilud pass, east side
Photo by Martin
Figure 6.A glimpse of Igorot landA glimpse of Igorot landPhoto by Martin
A glimpse of Igorot land
A glimpse of Igorot land
Photo by Martin
Figure 7.Ba-lu′-gan pueblo surrounded by rice sementerasBa-lu′-gan pueblo surrounded by rice sementerasPhoto by Martin
Ba-lu′-gan pueblo surrounded by rice sementeras
Ba-lu′-gan pueblo surrounded by rice sementeras
Photo by Martin
Figure 8.Pueblo of SagadaPueblo of SagadaPhoto by Martin
Pueblo of Sagada
Pueblo of Sagada
Photo by Martin
Figure 9.The entrance to Bontoc puebloThe entrance to Bontoc puebloPhoto by Jenks
The entrance to Bontoc pueblo
The entrance to Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Jenks
Figure 10.Ku-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit puebloKu-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit puebloPhoto by Martin
Ku-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit pueblo
Ku-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 11.O-gang′-ga of Samoki puebloO-gang′-ga of Samoki puebloPhoto by Martin
O-gang′-ga of Samoki pueblo
O-gang′-ga of Samoki pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 12.Ku-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit puebloKu-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit puebloPhoto by Martin
Ku-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit pueblo
Ku-lo-ku′-lo of Mayinit pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 13.Bon-gao′ of Alap puebloBon-gao′ of Alap puebloPhoto by Martin
Bon-gao′ of Alap pueblo
Bon-gao′ of Alap pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 14.Bo-da′-da of Samoki puebloBo-da′-da of Samoki puebloPhoto by Martin
Bo-da′-da of Samoki pueblo
Bo-da′-da of Samoki pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 15.U-dao′ of Bontoc puebloU-dao′ of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
U-dao′ of Bontoc pueblo
U-dao′ of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 16.Young woman of Bontoc puebloYoung woman of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Young woman of Bontoc pueblo
Young woman of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 17.Zag-tag′-an of Bontoc puebloZag-tag′-an of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Zag-tag′-an of Bontoc pueblo
Zag-tag′-an of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 18.Ka-nay′-u of Bontoc puebloKa-nay′-u of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Ka-nay′-u of Bontoc pueblo
Ka-nay′-u of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 19.Lang′-sa of Bontoc puebloLang′-sa of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Lang′-sa of Bontoc pueblo
Lang′-sa of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 20.Sĭt-li′-nĭn of Bontoc puebloSĭt-li′-nĭn of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Sĭt-li′-nĭn of Bontoc pueblo
Sĭt-li′-nĭn of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 21.Pĭt-ta′-pĭt of Bontoc puebloPĭt-ta′-pĭt of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Pĭt-ta′-pĭt of Bontoc pueblo
Pĭt-ta′-pĭt of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 22.Girls of Bontoc puebloGirls of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Girls of Bontoc pueblo
Girls of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 23.Blind woman of Bontoc puebloBlind woman of Bontoc puebloPhoto by Martin
Blind woman of Bontoc pueblo
Blind woman of Bontoc pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 24.Blind Ta-u′-li of Samoki puebloBlind Ta-u′-li of Samoki puebloPhoto by Martin
Blind Ta-u′-li of Samoki pueblo
Blind Ta-u′-li of Samoki pueblo
Photo by Martin
Figure 25.Deformed feet of Bontoc menDeformed feet of Bontoc menPhoto by Jenks
Deformed feet of Bontoc men
Deformed feet of Bontoc men
Photo by Jenks
Figure 26.Bontoc pueblo viewed from SamokiBontoc pueblo viewed from SamokiPhoto by Martin
Bontoc pueblo viewed from Samoki
Bontoc pueblo viewed from Samoki
Photo by Martin
Figure 27.Samoki pueblo viewed from BontocSamoki pueblo viewed from BontocPhoto by Martin
Samoki pueblo viewed from Bontoc
Samoki pueblo viewed from Bontoc
Photo by Martin
Figure 28.Plat of Bontoc pueblo, showing ato divisionsPlat of Bontoc pueblo, showing ato divisions
Plat of Bontoc pueblo, showing ato divisions
Plat of Bontoc pueblo, showing ato divisions
Figure 29.Plat of section of a′-to Si-pa′-atPlat of section of a′-to Si-pa′-at(Fa. is fa′-wi; Pab. is pa-ba-fu′-nan; F. is fay′-ü, the best class of dwelling; K. is kat-yu′-fâng, the poorer class of dwelling; P. is pigpen; the narrow spaces between two rows of stones is the path; the large open space between stone walls is camote ground.)
Plat of section of a′-to Si-pa′-at
Plat of section of a′-to Si-pa′-at
(Fa. is fa′-wi; Pab. is pa-ba-fu′-nan; F. is fay′-ü, the best class of dwelling; K. is kat-yu′-fâng, the poorer class of dwelling; P. is pigpen; the narrow spaces between two rows of stones is the path; the large open space between stone walls is camote ground.)
Figure 30.Pa-ba-fu′-nan of a′-to Fi′-lĭgPa-ba-fu′-nan of a′-to Fi′-lĭgPhoto by Worchester
Pa-ba-fu′-nan of a′-to Fi′-lĭg
Pa-ba-fu′-nan of a′-to Fi′-lĭg
Photo by Worchester
Figure 31.Fa′-wi of a′-to Si-pa′-atFa′-wi of a′-to Si-pa′-atPhoto by Martin
Fa′-wi of a′-to Si-pa′-at
Fa′-wi of a′-to Si-pa′-at
Photo by Martin
Figure 32.Fa′-wi of a′-to Cho′-koFa′-wi of a′-to Cho′-koPhoto by Martin
Fa′-wi of a′-to Cho′-ko
Fa′-wi of a′-to Cho′-ko
Photo by Martin
Figure 33.O′-lâgO′-lâgPhoto by Martin
O′-lâg
O′-lâg
Photo by Martin
Figure 34.Bontoc dwelling, the fay′-üBontoc dwelling, the fay′-üPhoto by Martin
Bontoc dwelling, the fay′-ü
Bontoc dwelling, the fay′-ü
Photo by Martin
Figure 35.Timbers for a building seasoning in the mountainsTimbers for a building seasoning in the mountainsPhoto by Martin
Timbers for a building seasoning in the mountains
Timbers for a building seasoning in the mountains
Photo by Martin
Figure 36.Fay′-ü showing open doorFay′-ü showing open doorPhoto by Martin
Fay′-ü showing open door
Fay′-ü showing open door
Photo by Martin
Figure 37.Bontoc dwelling, the Kat-yu′-fong, a widow's house, showing pigpens which extend beneath itBontoc dwelling, the Kat-yu′-fong, a widow's house, showing pigpens which extend beneath itPhoto by Martin
Bontoc dwelling, the Kat-yu′-fong, a widow's house, showing pigpens which extend beneath it
Bontoc dwelling, the Kat-yu′-fong, a widow's house, showing pigpens which extend beneath it
Photo by Martin
Figure 38.“In the shade of the low, projecting roof”“In the shade of the low, projecting roof”Photo by Martin
“In the shade of the low, projecting roof”
“In the shade of the low, projecting roof”
Photo by Martin
Figure 39.“The mother who has come down with her babe on her back for an olla of water”“The mother who has come down with her babe on her back for an olla of water”Photo by Jenks
“The mother who has come down with her babe on her back for an olla of water”
“The mother who has come down with her babe on her back for an olla of water”
Photo by Jenks
Figure 40.The baby tendersThe baby tendersPhoto by Martin
The baby tenders
The baby tenders
Photo by Martin
Figure 41.Sam-kad′s' death chairSam-kad′s' death chairPhoto by Jenks
Sam-kad′s' death chair
Sam-kad′s' death chair
Photo by Jenks
Figure 42.Pine coffinsPine coffinsPhoto by Jenks
Pine coffins
Pine coffins
Photo by Jenks
Figure 43.The burial of Som-kad′The burial of Som-kad′Photo by Jenks
The burial of Som-kad′
The burial of Som-kad′
Photo by Jenks
Figure 44.Bûg-ti′ with his wild-cock snareBûg-ti′ with his wild-cock snarePhoto by Jenks
Bûg-ti′ with his wild-cock snare
Bûg-ti′ with his wild-cock snare
Photo by Jenks
Figure 45.Wire cock snare set, with lure cock in centerWire cock snare set, with lure cock in centerPhoto by Jenks
Wire cock snare set, with lure cock in center
Wire cock snare set, with lure cock in center
Photo by Jenks
Figure 46.Wild-cat caught in the snare kok-o′-lângWild-cat caught in the snare kok-o′-lângPhoto by Jenks
Wild-cat caught in the snare kok-o′-lâng
Wild-cat caught in the snare kok-o′-lâng
Photo by Jenks
Figure 47.The bird snare Lĭng-ang′. (Snare set.) (Snare sprung.)The bird snare Lĭng-ang′. (Snare set.) (Snare sprung.)Photo by Jenks
The bird snare Lĭng-ang′. (Snare set.) (Snare sprung.)
The bird snare Lĭng-ang′. (Snare set.) (Snare sprung.)
Photo by Jenks
Figure 48.Trap fishingTrap fishingPhoto by Jenks
Trap fishing
Trap fishing
Photo by Jenks
Figure 49.Emptying the fish trapEmptying the fish trapPhoto by Jenks
Emptying the fish trap
Emptying the fish trap
Photo by Jenks
Figure 50.Fisherman examining his ob-o′-fuFisherman examining his ob-o′-fuPhoto by Jenks
Fisherman examining his ob-o′-fu
Fisherman examining his ob-o′-fu
Photo by Jenks
Figure 51.Rice sementeras at transplanting seasonRice sementeras at transplanting seasonPhoto by Martin
Rice sementeras at transplanting season
Rice sementeras at transplanting season
Photo by Martin
Figure 52.Banawi rice sementerasBanawi rice sementerasPhoto by Worchester
Banawi rice sementeras
Banawi rice sementeras
Photo by Worchester
Figure 53.A terrace wallA terrace wallPhoto by Martin
A terrace wall
A terrace wall
Photo by Martin
Figure 54.Women weeding a terrace wall at soil-turning seasonWomen weeding a terrace wall at soil-turning seasonPhoto by Martin
Women weeding a terrace wall at soil-turning season
Women weeding a terrace wall at soil-turning season
Photo by Martin
Figure 55.Partial view of Bontoc irrigating worksPartial view of Bontoc irrigating worksPhoto by Martin
Partial view of Bontoc irrigating works
Partial view of Bontoc irrigating works
Photo by Martin
Figure 56.The main dam, showing irrigation troughs beyondThe main dam, showing irrigation troughs beyondPhoto by Martin
The main dam, showing irrigation troughs beyond
The main dam, showing irrigation troughs beyond
Photo by Martin
Figure 57.River irrigation schemeRiver irrigation scheme
River irrigation scheme
River irrigation scheme
Figure 58.Irrigating ditch which feeds the troughs secured to the mountain side shown at the leftIrrigating ditch which feeds the troughs secured to the mountain side shown at the leftPhoto by Martin
Irrigating ditch which feeds the troughs secured to the mountain side shown at the left
Irrigating ditch which feeds the troughs secured to the mountain side shown at the left
Photo by Martin
Figure 59.Turning the soil in a water-filed sementera, showing women transplanting riceTurning the soil in a water-filed sementera, showing women transplanting ricePhoto by Martin
Turning the soil in a water-filed sementera, showing women transplanting rice
Turning the soil in a water-filed sementera, showing women transplanting rice
Photo by Martin
Figure 60.Mud-spattered soil turnersMud-spattered soil turnersPhoto by Martin
Mud-spattered soil turners
Mud-spattered soil turners
Photo by Martin
Figure 61.Soil turners tramping the turned soil smooth and softSoil turners tramping the turned soil smooth and softPhoto by Martin
Soil turners tramping the turned soil smooth and soft
Soil turners tramping the turned soil smooth and soft
Photo by Martin
Figure 62.Bontoc camote bedsBontoc camote bedsPhoto by Martin
Bontoc camote beds
Bontoc camote beds
Photo by Martin
Figure 63.Men crossing the river with pig manure to fertilize the rice sementerasMen crossing the river with pig manure to fertilize the rice sementerasPhoto by Martin
Men crossing the river with pig manure to fertilize the rice sementeras
Men crossing the river with pig manure to fertilize the rice sementeras
Photo by Martin
Figure 64.Woman digging her final camote crop and working dead grass beneath the soil for fertilizerWoman digging her final camote crop and working dead grass beneath the soil for fertilizerPhoto by Martin
Woman digging her final camote crop and working dead grass beneath the soil for fertilizer
Woman digging her final camote crop and working dead grass beneath the soil for fertilizer
Photo by Martin
Figure 65.The rice seed beds at transplanting time, with granaries immediately beyondThe rice seed beds at transplanting time, with granaries immediately beyondPhoto by Martin
The rice seed beds at transplanting time, with granaries immediately beyond
The rice seed beds at transplanting time, with granaries immediately beyond
Photo by Martin
Figure 66.Women transplanting riceWomen transplanting ricePhoto by Martin
Women transplanting rice
Women transplanting rice
Photo by Martin
Figure 67.The bird scarers, Ki′-lao, floating over a field of ripening riceThe bird scarers, Ki′-lao, floating over a field of ripening ricePhoto by Jenks
The bird scarers, Ki′-lao, floating over a field of ripening rice
The bird scarers, Ki′-lao, floating over a field of ripening rice
Photo by Jenks
Figure 68.An outlook to guard against wild hogsAn outlook to guard against wild hogsPhoto by Martin
An outlook to guard against wild hogs
An outlook to guard against wild hogs
Photo by Martin
Figure 69.Harvesting the riceHarvesting the ricePhoto by Jenks
Harvesting the rice
Harvesting the rice
Photo by Jenks
Figure 70.Two harvestersTwo harvestersPhoto by Jenks
Two harvesters
Two harvesters
Photo by Jenks
Figure 71.Camote harvestCamote harvestPhoto by Martin
Camote harvest
Camote harvest
Photo by Martin
Figure 72.Rice granariesRice granariesPhoto by Martin
Rice granaries
Rice granaries
Photo by Martin
Figure 73.Bunches of palay curing on the roof of a dwellingBunches of palay curing on the roof of a dwellingPhoto by Jenks
Bunches of palay curing on the roof of a dwelling
Bunches of palay curing on the roof of a dwelling
Photo by Jenks
Figure 74.GranariesGranariesPhoto by Martin
Granaries
Granaries
Photo by Martin
Figure 75.Carrying home the camotesCarrying home the camotesPhoto by Martin
Carrying home the camotes
Carrying home the camotes
Photo by Martin
Figure 76.Philippine carabaosPhilippine carabaos
Philippine carabaos
Philippine carabaos
Figure 77.Bontoc pigpensBontoc pigpensPhoto by Martin
Bontoc pigpens
Bontoc pigpens
Photo by Martin
Figure 78.Cage in which fowls are shut at nightCage in which fowls are shut at nightPhoto by Martin
Cage in which fowls are shut at night
Cage in which fowls are shut at night
Photo by Martin
Figure 79.Hats and headbandHats and headbandPhoto by Martin
Hats and headband
Hats and headband
Photo by Martin
Figure 80.(a) The bag pocket carried in front; (b) The rain hat(a) The bag pocket carried in front; (b) The rain hatPhoto by Worchester/Martin
(a) The bag pocket carried in front; (b) The rain hat
(a) The bag pocket carried in front; (b) The rain hat
Photo by Worchester/Martin
Figure 81.Cotton blankets woven by Igorot in the western part of the Bontoc areaCotton blankets woven by Igorot in the western part of the Bontoc areaPhoto by Martin
Cotton blankets woven by Igorot in the western part of the Bontoc area
Cotton blankets woven by Igorot in the western part of the Bontoc area
Photo by Martin
Figure 82.Kambulo bark-fiber blanketsKambulo bark-fiber blanketsPhoto by Martin
Kambulo bark-fiber blankets
Kambulo bark-fiber blankets
Photo by Martin
Figure 83.Woman spinning thread on her naked thighWoman spinning thread on her naked thighPhoto by Martin
Woman spinning thread on her naked thigh
Woman spinning thread on her naked thigh
Photo by Martin
Figure 84.Lepanto Igorot woman weavingLepanto Igorot woman weavingPhoto by Worcester
Lepanto Igorot woman weaving
Lepanto Igorot woman weaving
Photo by Worcester
Figure 85.Wooden “pig pails”Wooden “pig pails”Photo by Martin
Wooden “pig pails”
Wooden “pig pails”
Photo by Martin
Figure 86.Gourd and wooden spoonsGourd and wooden spoonsPhoto by Martin
Gourd and wooden spoons
Gourd and wooden spoons
Photo by Martin
Figure 87.Samoki potters at the clay pitSamoki potters at the clay pitPhoto by Jenks
Samoki potters at the clay pit
Samoki potters at the clay pit
Photo by Jenks
Figure 88.Transporting clay from the pit to the puebloTransporting clay from the pit to the puebloPhoto by Jenks
Transporting clay from the pit to the pueblo
Transporting clay from the pit to the pueblo
Photo by Jenks
Figure 89.(a) Macerating the clays in a wooden mortar; (b) Beginning a pot(a) Macerating the clays in a wooden mortar; (b) Beginning a potPhoto by Jenks
(a) Macerating the clays in a wooden mortar; (b) Beginning a pot
(a) Macerating the clays in a wooden mortar; (b) Beginning a pot
Photo by Jenks
Figure 90.Shaping the rim of a potShaping the rim of a potPhoto by Martin
Shaping the rim of a pot
Shaping the rim of a pot
Photo by Martin
Figure 91.Expanding the bowl of a potExpanding the bowl of a potPhoto by Martin
Expanding the bowl of a pot
Expanding the bowl of a pot
Photo by Martin
Figure 92.Smoothing and finishing a sun-dried potSmoothing and finishing a sun-dried potPhoto by Jenks
Smoothing and finishing a sun-dried pot
Smoothing and finishing a sun-dried pot
Photo by Jenks
Figure 93.Woman's large transportation basket and winnowing trayWoman's large transportation basket and winnowing trayPhoto by Martin
Woman's large transportation basket and winnowing tray
Woman's large transportation basket and winnowing tray
Photo by Martin
Figure 94.Household baskets (sûg-fi′, fa-lo′-ko, ki′-ûg, ko′-lûg)Household baskets (sûg-fi′, fa-lo′-ko, ki′-ûg, ko′-lûg)Photo by Martin
Household baskets (sûg-fi′, fa-lo′-ko, ki′-ûg, ko′-lûg)
Household baskets (sûg-fi′, fa-lo′-ko, ki′-ûg, ko′-lûg)
Photo by Martin
Figure 95.The traveling basket; so-called “head basket”The traveling basket; so-called “head basket”Photo by Martin
The traveling basket; so-called “head basket”
The traveling basket; so-called “head basket”
Photo by Martin
Figure 96.Bontoc shieldsBontoc shieldsPhoto by Jenks
Bontoc shields
Bontoc shields
Photo by Jenks
Figure 97.Bontoc shieldsBontoc shieldsPhoto by Jenks
Bontoc shields
Bontoc shields
Photo by Jenks
Figure 98.The Kalinga shieldsThe Kalinga shieldsPhoto by Jenks
The Kalinga shields
The Kalinga shields
Photo by Jenks
Figure 99.Banawi shield, front and backBanawi shield, front and backPhoto by Jenks
Banawi shield, front and back
Banawi shield, front and back
Photo by Jenks
Figure 100.Bontoc war spears (fal-fĕg′)Bontoc war spears (fal-fĕg′)Photo by Martin
Bontoc war spears (fal-fĕg′)
Bontoc war spears (fal-fĕg′)
Photo by Martin
Figure 101.Spears (fan′-kao and kay-yan′)Spears (fan′-kao and kay-yan′)Photo by Martin
Spears (fan′-kao and kay-yan′)
Spears (fan′-kao and kay-yan′)
Photo by Martin
Figure 102.Bontoc battle-axes, with bajuco ferrulesBontoc battle-axes, with bajuco ferrulesPhoto by Jenks
Bontoc battle-axes, with bajuco ferrules
Bontoc battle-axes, with bajuco ferrules
Photo by Jenks
Figure 103.Bontoc battle-axes, with steel ferrulesBontoc battle-axes, with steel ferrulesPhoto by Martin
Bontoc battle-axes, with steel ferrules
Bontoc battle-axes, with steel ferrules
Photo by Martin
Figure 104.The Balbelasan or northern battle-axThe Balbelasan or northern battle-axPhoto by Jenks
The Balbelasan or northern battle-ax
The Balbelasan or northern battle-ax
Photo by Jenks
Figure 105.Agawa clay pipe makerAgawa clay pipe makerPhoto by Jenks
Agawa clay pipe maker
Agawa clay pipe maker
Photo by Jenks
Figure 106.Agawa clay pipes. (Those in the lower row are finished.)Agawa clay pipes. (Those in the lower row are finished.)Photo by Jenks
Agawa clay pipes. (Those in the lower row are finished.)
Agawa clay pipes. (Those in the lower row are finished.)
Photo by Jenks
Figure 107.Finished Agawa clay pipes, with stemsFinished Agawa clay pipes, with stemsPhoto by Jenks
Finished Agawa clay pipes, with stems
Finished Agawa clay pipes, with stems
Photo by Jenks
Figure 108.Roll of beeswax and three wax pipe modelsRoll of beeswax and three wax pipe modelsPhoto by Jenks
Roll of beeswax and three wax pipe models
Roll of beeswax and three wax pipe models
Photo by Jenks
Figure 109.Metal pipe makersMetal pipe makersPhoto by Jenks
Metal pipe makers
Metal pipe makers
Photo by Jenks
Figure 110.Metal pipes. (The lower row shows poorly the “anito” pipe.)Metal pipes. (The lower row shows poorly the “anito” pipe.)Photo by Jenks
Metal pipes. (The lower row shows poorly the “anito” pipe.)
Metal pipes. (The lower row shows poorly the “anito” pipe.)
Photo by Jenks
Figure 111.Children paring camotesChildren paring camotesPhoto by Martin
Children paring camotes
Children paring camotes
Photo by Martin
Figure 112.Women threshing riceWomen threshing ricePhoto by Martin
Women threshing rice
Women threshing rice
Photo by Martin
Figure 113.Gourd for storing salt meatsGourd for storing salt meatsPhoto by Martin
Gourd for storing salt meats
Gourd for storing salt meats
Photo by Martin
Figure 114.Bamboo tube for carrying basiBamboo tube for carrying basiPhoto by Martin
Bamboo tube for carrying basi
Bamboo tube for carrying basi
Photo by Martin
Figure 115.Mayinit pueblo. (Long salt houses in the foreground.)Mayinit pueblo. (Long salt houses in the foreground.)Photo by Martin
Mayinit pueblo. (Long salt houses in the foreground.)
Mayinit pueblo. (Long salt houses in the foreground.)
Photo by Martin
Figure 116.(a) Woman washing salt; (b) salt-incrusted rocks(a) Woman washing salt; (b) salt-incrusted rocksPhoto by Martin
(a) Woman washing salt; (b) salt-incrusted rocks
(a) Woman washing salt; (b) salt-incrusted rocks
Photo by Martin
Figure 117.Mayinit salt producer preparing salt cakes for bakingMayinit salt producer preparing salt cakes for bakingPhoto by Martin
Mayinit salt producer preparing salt cakes for baking
Mayinit salt producer preparing salt cakes for baking
Photo by Martin
Figure 118.A cane-sugar millA cane-sugar millPhoto by Martin
A cane-sugar mill
A cane-sugar mill
Photo by Martin
Figure 119.Methods of transportationMethods of transportationPhoto by Martin
Methods of transportation
Methods of transportation
Photo by Martin
Figure 120.Man's transportation basket (ki-ma′-ta)Man's transportation basket (ki-ma′-ta)Photo by Martin
Man's transportation basket (ki-ma′-ta)
Man's transportation basket (ki-ma′-ta)
Photo by Martin
Figure 121.Woman's transportation basketsWoman's transportation basketsPhoto by Martin
Woman's transportation baskets
Woman's transportation baskets
Photo by Martin
Figure 122.Women burden bearersWomen burden bearersPhoto by Jenks
Women burden bearers
Women burden bearers
Photo by Jenks
Figure 123.(a) Tulubin men bringing home salt; (b) Samoki potters with ware(a) Tulubin men bringing home salt; (b) Samoki potters with warePhoto by Jenks
(a) Tulubin men bringing home salt; (b) Samoki potters with ware
(a) Tulubin men bringing home salt; (b) Samoki potters with ware
Photo by Jenks
Figure 124.Mayinit women on the trail to Bontoc to sell palayMayinit women on the trail to Bontoc to sell palayPhoto by Martin
Mayinit women on the trail to Bontoc to sell palay
Mayinit women on the trail to Bontoc to sell palay
Photo by Martin
Figure 125.A ba′-si venderA ba′-si venderPhoto by Martin
A ba′-si vender
A ba′-si vender
Photo by Martin
Figure 126.Mak′-lan, a Bontoc warriorMak′-lan, a Bontoc warriorPhoto by Martin
Mak′-lan, a Bontoc warrior
Mak′-lan, a Bontoc warrior
Photo by Martin
Figure 127.Ko′-mĭs on war trail between Samoki and TulubinKo′-mĭs on war trail between Samoki and TulubinPhoto by Worchester
Ko′-mĭs on war trail between Samoki and Tulubin
Ko′-mĭs on war trail between Samoki and Tulubin
Photo by Worchester
Figure 128.“Anito head” post in a Ko′-mĭs“Anito head” post in a Ko′-mĭsPhoto by Worchester
“Anito head” post in a Ko′-mĭs
“Anito head” post in a Ko′-mĭs
Photo by Worchester
Figure 129.The warrior's attackThe warrior's attackPhoto by Jenks
The warrior's attack
The warrior's attack
Photo by Jenks
Figure 130.Battle-axesBattle-axesPhoto by Jenks
Battle-axes
Battle-axes
Photo by Jenks
Figure 131.A head danceA head dancePhoto by Martin
A head dance
A head dance
Photo by Martin
Figure 132.Ceremonial rice threshing in Samoki pueblo during the celebration of a captured headCeremonial rice threshing in Samoki pueblo during the celebration of a captured headPhoto by Jenks
Ceremonial rice threshing in Samoki pueblo during the celebration of a captured head
Ceremonial rice threshing in Samoki pueblo during the celebration of a captured head
Photo by Jenks
Figure 133.A fa′-wi, where skulls are keptA fa′-wi, where skulls are keptPhoto by Worchester
A fa′-wi, where skulls are kept
A fa′-wi, where skulls are kept
Photo by Worchester
Figure 134.Soot-blackened human skulls from ato SigichanSoot-blackened human skulls from ato SigichanPhoto by Jenks
Soot-blackened human skulls from ato Sigichan
Soot-blackened human skulls from ato Sigichan
Photo by Jenks
Figure 135.A beheaded human body on its way to burialA beheaded human body on its way to burialPhoto by Worchester
A beheaded human body on its way to burial
A beheaded human body on its way to burial
Photo by Worchester
Figure 136.Burial of a beheaded man in BanawiBurial of a beheaded man in BanawiPhoto by Worchester
Burial of a beheaded man in Banawi
Burial of a beheaded man in Banawi
Photo by Worchester
Figure 137.Man's headdressMan's headdressPhoto by Martin
Man's headdress
Man's headdress
Photo by Martin
Figure 138.An ear plug of sugar-cane leavesAn ear plug of sugar-cane leavesPhoto by Martin
An ear plug of sugar-cane leaves
An ear plug of sugar-cane leaves
Photo by Martin
Figure 139.Bead headdressBead headdressPhoto by Martin
Bead headdress
Bead headdress
Photo by Martin
Figure 140.Woman's bustle-like girdleWoman's bustle-like girdlePhoto by Jenks
Woman's bustle-like girdle
Woman's bustle-like girdle
Photo by Jenks