Chapter 50

[141]Conc. Later. IV. c. 1.Firmiter.[142]Sap. viii. 1.[143]Cf. Hebr. iv. 13.[144]Rom. i. 20.[145]Hebr. i. 1, 2.[146]1 Cor. ii. 9.[147]Conc. Trid. Sess. IV. Decr. de Can. Script.[148]Hebr. xi. 1.[149]Marc. xvi. 20.[150]2 Petr. i. 19.[151]Syn. Araus. II. can. 7.[152]Is. xi. 12.[153]Ioan. i. 17.[154]1 Cor. ii. 7, 8, 10.[155]Matth. xi. 25.[156]2 Cor. v. 6, 7.[157]Conc. Lat. V. BullaApostolici regiminis.[158]Coloss. ii. 8.[159]Vinc. Lir. Common, n. 28.[160]Suetonius, Pliny, and Seneca all attest the currency of this and similar jokes against Tiberius during his very lifetime.[161]SeeState Papers concerning the Irish Church in the Time of Queen Elizabeth, etc. By W. Maziere Brady, D.D. London: Longmans. 1868. Page 90.[162]Ibid. page 92.[163]Ibid. page 91.[164]Frey Luis de Sonsa, in theHistory of the Dominican Order in Portugal, relates this legend. The legend of the Infant Saviour coming to play with a child has been embodied in the poetry of many languages, especially the German.[165]Now Bishop of Exeter. He was the author of an ingenious but whimsical essay, styled, "The Education of the World," inEssays and Reviews, where he parcelled out the elements of our present civilization among different nations of antiquity. He almost seems to have thought that Turner owed his knowledge of painting, in some vague way, to Zeuxis and Parrhasius.[166]To give Calvin his due, he was only for chopping off the head of Servetus. He called eagerly for his blood; but he was willing to temper justice with so much mercy as lies in substituting the axe for the fagot.[167]Professor Jowett,Essays and Reviews, ninth ed. p. 377. This essay contains several jokes, which to us seem rather out of place. "Even the Greek Plato," says the professor, (p. 390,) "would have 'coldly furnished forth' the words of 'eternal life.'" The reader will remember the words of Shakespeare,"The funeral baked meatsDid coldly furnish forth the marriage tables,"meaning (as is shown by the preceding words,Thrift, thrift, Horatio!) that the marriage had followed so close upon the funeral that the pasties which had been hot at the one came up cold at the other. The new turn given by Mr. Jowett to his original has, we admit, a very humorous effect; but we cannot help thinking that he has been unseasonably witty.[168]Hor. Bk. ii. Sat. 5. Both birth and virtue, without money, are more worthless than seaweed.[169]De Eccl. Milit.lib. iii. cap. 2.[170]De Rom. Pontif.lib. iii. capp. 2, 3, 5.[171]Theol. Wirceburg.tom. i. De Princip. Direct. n. 190.[172]De Rom. Pontif.lib. iv. cap. 5. edit. Venet. 1 vol. p. 779.[173]The Authority of Doctrinal Decisions.By Dr. Ward. Pp. 50, 51.[174]TheGalaxy. December, 1869, to June, 1870.[175]Lothair.By the Right Honorable B. Disraeli. Pp. 218. D. Appleton & Co. 1870.[176]The Invitation Heeded; or, Reasons for a Return to Catholic Unity.By James Kent Stone, late President of Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, and of Hobart College, Geneva, New York; and S. T. D. 1 vol. 12mo, pp. 340. New York: The Catholic Publication Society, 9 Warren street. 1870.[177]History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth.By James Anthony Froude, late Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. 12 vols. New York: Charles Scribner & Co.[178]SeeCatholic Worldfor June, 1870.[179]In all his volumes Mr. Froude cites Buchanan by name but once.[180]Mary Queen of Scots and her Accusers.By John Hosack, Barrister at Law. Edinburgh. 1869.[181]He had previously denounced his sovereign from the pulpit as an incorrigible idolatress and an enemy whose death would be a public blessing. Randolph writes to Cecil February, 1564, "They pray that God will either turn her heart or send her a short life;" adding, "of what charity or spirit this proceedeth, I leave to be discussed by the great divines." And yet we must not hastily condemn Knox, although a man fifty-eight years of age, of indiscriminate sourness and severity to all young women. He was at that very time paying his addresses to a girl of sixteen.[182]"The attempt to make one's self the interpreter of the secret sentiments of historical personages is always dangerous and frequently ridiculous."[183]See "Calendar of the State Papers relating to Scotland, preserved in the State Paper Department of Her Majesty's Public Record Office. 2 vols. quarto. London, 1858."Copy in Astor Library. This calendar gives the date and abstract of the contents of each document. There is no record of any letter of Randolph to Cecil of Oct. 5th, 1565, but there is one of Oct. 4th.[184]A copy of this rare poem in the original Italian may be found in the Astor Library.[185]"These puissant legions, whose exileHath emptied heaven."Paradise Lost, Book i.[186]"Into our room of bliss thus high advancedCreatures of other mould."Par. Lost, Book iv.[187]SeeParadise Lost, Book ix. line 705.[188]"Shall that be shut to man which to the beastIs open?"Paradise Lost, B. ix.[189]"Or is it envy? and can envy dwellIn heavenly breasts?"Paradise Lost, B. ix.[190]"Henceforth to speculations high and deepI turned my thoughts; and with capacious mindConsidered all things visible in heavenOr earth."Paradise Lost, B. ix.[191]"Eve.O me! lassa ch'io sentoUn gelido tremor vagar per l'osaChe mi fa graccio il core.Serpent.E la parte mortal che già incominciaA languir, sendo dal divin gravata,Che sovra le tue chiomeIn potenza sovrasta."[192]SeeParadise Lost, Book iv. line 940.[193]A Lecture delivered before the Young Men's Christian Association of Boston, by the late Rev. Dr. Cummings, pastor of St. Stephen's Church, New York.[194]It was some fifty years before, at the siege of Modena, that the first recorded instance, so far as I am aware, occurred of making the pigeon a letter-carrier.[195]I am aware of an apparent anachronism here of some four or five years, according to Dio, Tacitus, Suetonius, and others; but Caligula was, I think, a few years older than these authors represent; for Josephus furnishes a somewhat different calendar from theirs.[196]La Physique Moderne. Essai sur l'Unité des Phénomènes Naturels.Par Emile Saigey. Paris: Germer-Baillière. 1867.Les Problèmes de la Nature—les Problèmes de la Vie.Par Laugel. Paris. 1867.De la Science et de la Nature. Essai de Philosophie première.Par Magy. 1867.Eléments de Mécanique Moléculaire.Par le P. Bayma.Physique Moléculaire.Par l'Abbé Moigno. 1868.Revue des Deux Mondes: la Nature et la Physiologie idéaliste.Par Ch. Lévêque. 15 Janvier, 1857.Le Spiritualisme Français au dix neuvième siècle.Par P. Janet. 15 Mai, 1868.[197]See for further details:Recueil des Rapports sur les Progrès des Lettres et des Sciences; la Philosophie en France au dix-neuvième siècle. Par Felix Ravaisson.Revue des Cours Littéraires, No. 24; art. by M. E. Beaussire.[198]This system has been formulated with great talent by M. Emile Saigey, who advocated it, first in several very remarkable articles in theRevue des Deux Mondes; and afterward in his book,La Physique Moderne. Essai sur l'Unité des Phénomènes Naturels.[199]The swiftness of molecules and the vibratory motion of ethereal atoms are astonishing, and surpass all imagination. The former, measuring two thousand metres, give eight millions of collisions in a second; while the latter, within the same space, produce every second several hundreds of millions more of undulations.[200]M. Saigey.[201]According to the very curious experiments of M. Hirn, the unity of heat or caloric in man, as well as in inorganic matter, corresponds to four hundred and twenty-five unities of mechanical labor—that is to say, to four hundred and twenty-five kilogrammes raised one metre high. Man gives in work twelve per cent of the heat produced, which is almost equal to the labor of our most perfect machines.[202]Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Mai, 1863.[203]Ibid.15 Janvier, 1867.[204]Elements de Mécanique Moléculaire.[205]M. Magy,De la Science, etc.[206]Ch. Lévêque,Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Janvier, 1867.[207]Ch. Lévêque,Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Janvier, 1867.[208]The Life and Works of Gerald Griffin.10 vols. 12mo. New York: D. & J. Sadlier & Co.[209]P. 69.[210]Thomassin, Vet. et Nov. Eccl. Disc. l. i. capp. vii. xlv.[211]See Canon vi. Council of Nice in 325, which recognizes the patriarchal rights of Antioch and Alexandria, in the east, introduced by ancient custom. (τὰ ἀρχαῖα ἔθη.)[212]Schelestrate, Eccl. Afric. sub prim. Carthag. Thomass. l. c. c. xx. n. 8.[213]Constant. Ep. Rom. Pontif. Inn. I. ep. 13. Bonif. I. ep. 4. Coelest. I. ep. 3. Sixt. III. ep. 10.[214]"Vices enim nostras ita tuæ credidimus caritati, ut in partem sis vocatus sollicitudinis, non in plenitudinem potestatis." Ep. 14. ad Anast. Thessal. edit. Ball. tom. i.[215]The name ofpatriarchis first mentioned in the Council of Chalcedon, Act 3, where Pope St. Leo is thus addressed: "Sanctissimo et universali Archiepiscopo etPatriarchæmagnæ Romæ." (Labbe, Col. tom. iv.)[216]Leo M. ep. 14, cap. 11.[217]"Quum omnium par esset electio, uni tamen datum est, ut cæteris præemineret."[218]Mansi, xv. col. 202.[219]Cf. canon ix. of the same council.[220]That is, in the East. Pithœus, Codex Canon. Vetus, p. 102, (edit. Paris.)[221]Mansi. l. c. p. 688.[222]Thomassin, Ballerini, Devoti, Walter, Philipps, Schulte, Döllinger, Blondel, Luden, Schönemann, the last three Protestants, all of whom, saysJanus, betray a very imperfect "knowledge of the decretals." (P. 78.)[223]Launoy, Arnould, Febronius, Baluze, De Marca.[224]HeldA.D.447.[225]Epist. 47.[226]See Epist. 45, ad Antonian.[227]Döllinger, Church Histor. vol. i. pp. 260, 261, 262.[228]Named after the ambitious Bishop Eusebius of Nicomedia, an ardent follower ofArius.[229]P. 66.[230]Apud Constant. Epist. Rom. Pontif. Epist. 37, ad Felic. col. 910.[231]Epist. I. ad Episc. Gall. col. 938.[232]Epist. ad Episc. Illyr. col. 1038.[233]Epist. ad Episc. Vienn. Prov. (Baller Opp. tom. i. col. 634.)[234]Epist. ad Episc. Dardan. (Hardouin Concil. tom. ii. col. 909.)[235]Epist. ad Euseb. col. 385, ap. Const.[236]Döllinger,Hist. of the Church, vol. ii. pp. 103, 109.[237]The code of Dionysius presented by R. Hadrian to Charlemagne, known hence in Gaul as the Codex Hadrianeus.[238]Biblioth. Jur. Canon. tom. i. p. 97-180. Fr. Pithœus, Codex Canon. Eccl. Rom. Vet. pp. 119, 120, can. iii. vii. (edit. Paris.)[239]Biblioth. Jur. Canon. tom. ii. pp. 499, 603.[240]Döllinger,Hist. of the Church, vol. ii. p. 229, gives several remarkable instances of such exceptions.[241]Concil. Rom. ad Gratian. Imperat. cap. 11.[242]Mansi, tom. viii. p. 247.[243]Libell, Apologet. Ennod. apud Mansi, tom. vii. p. 271.[244]Epist. ad Senator. Urbis Rom. ann. 502. Mansi, viii. col. 293.[245]"In qua (Eccl. Rom.) ab his qui sunt undique conservata est ea, quæ est ab apostolis traditio." Adv. Hær. l. iii. c. 3.[246]Hist. vol. i. p. 257. If "potentior principalitas" signified onlygreater antiquity, how could the church of Rome claim preëminence above the churches of Antioch and Ephesus?[247]"Hanc Ecclesiæ unitatem qui non tenet,tenere se fidem credit?" De Unit. Eccl. p. 349. (Edit. Wir.)St. August, in his 43d epist., says of the church of Rome, "Semper viguit apostolicæ cathedræ principatus."[248]Epist. cxvii. ad Renat. Presbyt. Rom.[249]The very words of pseudo-Isidore on the purity of the "faith of Rome" are literally transcribed from the epistle of Pope Agatho to the Emperor Constantine in the year 680. (Mansi, tom. xi. col. 239.)[250]De Antiquis Collect, pars iii. capp. iv. Gallandi, Sylloge. tom. i. p. 528 sqq.[251]About 1809, under Napoleon.[252]Notices et Extraits des Manuscr. de la Biblioth. Nation.tom. vi. p. 265 sqq.[253]Died 313.[254]Which was already known from its being inserted in former collections.[255]Known in the fifth century. (Quesnel's edit.)[256]Blondel. Prolegom. cap. 12. Blascus, De Collect. Canon. Isid. Mercat. cap. ii. Gallandi, tom. ii. p. 100.[257]Muratori's edit. tom. iii. pars i. Rer.Italic.Script.[258]Rufinus translated nine books of Eusebius, to which he added two more.[259]Edit. Ven. 2 vol.[260]Blondel, Proleg. cap. 18.[261]See Alzog's Hist. vol. i. § 186.[262]Philipps, Compend. of Canon Law, vol. i. p. 52.[263]The italics are our own.[264]Ball. Part. iii. cap. 6. n. 13. Galland, t. i. p. 540.[265]Mansi. tom. xv. col. 127.[266]Laws of the empire of Charlemagne, divided intoCapitulaor chapters.[267]Baller. de Canon. Collect. p. iii. cap. cit.[268]Epist. 42. ad Univ. Episc. Gall. in the year 865. (Mansi, xv. col. 695.)[269]Mansi, xv. col. 693, et sqq.[270]Epist. ad Hinc. Laudun. tom. ii. (edit. Sirmondi,) Paris.[271]"Sancta Romana Ecclesia conservans, nobis quoque custodienda mandavit, et penesse in suis archivis, et vetustis rite monumentis recondita veneratur." (l. c. col. 694.)[272]Prolegom. cap. 19.[273]De Collect. Isid. cap. 4.[274]Ch. Hist. vol. iii. p. 202.[275]Blasc. De Collect. Canon. Isidor. (Galland Syllog. tom. ii. c. v. p. 30.)[276]De Concordia Cath. lib. iii. cap. 2.[277]Summa Eccl. lib. ii. cap. 101.[278]De Rom. Pontif. lib. ii. cap. xiv.[279]The English translation of Dr. Hergenröther's complete and masterly refutation ofJanus, which we reviewed some time since in the original German, is announced in the English papers as nearly ready, and will be for sale at the office of this magazine as soon as it is issued.—Ed. Catholic World.[280]Viscount Bretiznières de Courteilles.[281]The church only is handsomely decorated.[282]Insubordinate female children are confided by the government to the care of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd, in their vast establishment at Angers, where they are subject to rules similar to those at Mettray, and with at least an equal success.

[141]Conc. Later. IV. c. 1.Firmiter.

[142]Sap. viii. 1.

[143]Cf. Hebr. iv. 13.

[144]Rom. i. 20.

[145]Hebr. i. 1, 2.

[146]1 Cor. ii. 9.

[147]Conc. Trid. Sess. IV. Decr. de Can. Script.

[148]Hebr. xi. 1.

[149]Marc. xvi. 20.

[150]2 Petr. i. 19.

[151]Syn. Araus. II. can. 7.

[152]Is. xi. 12.

[153]Ioan. i. 17.

[154]1 Cor. ii. 7, 8, 10.

[155]Matth. xi. 25.

[156]2 Cor. v. 6, 7.

[157]Conc. Lat. V. BullaApostolici regiminis.

[158]Coloss. ii. 8.

[159]Vinc. Lir. Common, n. 28.

[160]Suetonius, Pliny, and Seneca all attest the currency of this and similar jokes against Tiberius during his very lifetime.

[161]SeeState Papers concerning the Irish Church in the Time of Queen Elizabeth, etc. By W. Maziere Brady, D.D. London: Longmans. 1868. Page 90.

[162]Ibid. page 92.

[163]Ibid. page 91.

[164]Frey Luis de Sonsa, in theHistory of the Dominican Order in Portugal, relates this legend. The legend of the Infant Saviour coming to play with a child has been embodied in the poetry of many languages, especially the German.

[165]Now Bishop of Exeter. He was the author of an ingenious but whimsical essay, styled, "The Education of the World," inEssays and Reviews, where he parcelled out the elements of our present civilization among different nations of antiquity. He almost seems to have thought that Turner owed his knowledge of painting, in some vague way, to Zeuxis and Parrhasius.

[166]To give Calvin his due, he was only for chopping off the head of Servetus. He called eagerly for his blood; but he was willing to temper justice with so much mercy as lies in substituting the axe for the fagot.

[167]Professor Jowett,Essays and Reviews, ninth ed. p. 377. This essay contains several jokes, which to us seem rather out of place. "Even the Greek Plato," says the professor, (p. 390,) "would have 'coldly furnished forth' the words of 'eternal life.'" The reader will remember the words of Shakespeare,"The funeral baked meatsDid coldly furnish forth the marriage tables,"meaning (as is shown by the preceding words,Thrift, thrift, Horatio!) that the marriage had followed so close upon the funeral that the pasties which had been hot at the one came up cold at the other. The new turn given by Mr. Jowett to his original has, we admit, a very humorous effect; but we cannot help thinking that he has been unseasonably witty.

"The funeral baked meatsDid coldly furnish forth the marriage tables,"

meaning (as is shown by the preceding words,Thrift, thrift, Horatio!) that the marriage had followed so close upon the funeral that the pasties which had been hot at the one came up cold at the other. The new turn given by Mr. Jowett to his original has, we admit, a very humorous effect; but we cannot help thinking that he has been unseasonably witty.

[168]Hor. Bk. ii. Sat. 5. Both birth and virtue, without money, are more worthless than seaweed.

[169]De Eccl. Milit.lib. iii. cap. 2.

[170]De Rom. Pontif.lib. iii. capp. 2, 3, 5.

[171]Theol. Wirceburg.tom. i. De Princip. Direct. n. 190.

[172]De Rom. Pontif.lib. iv. cap. 5. edit. Venet. 1 vol. p. 779.

[173]The Authority of Doctrinal Decisions.By Dr. Ward. Pp. 50, 51.

[174]TheGalaxy. December, 1869, to June, 1870.

[175]Lothair.By the Right Honorable B. Disraeli. Pp. 218. D. Appleton & Co. 1870.

[176]The Invitation Heeded; or, Reasons for a Return to Catholic Unity.By James Kent Stone, late President of Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, and of Hobart College, Geneva, New York; and S. T. D. 1 vol. 12mo, pp. 340. New York: The Catholic Publication Society, 9 Warren street. 1870.

[177]History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth.By James Anthony Froude, late Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. 12 vols. New York: Charles Scribner & Co.

[178]SeeCatholic Worldfor June, 1870.

[179]In all his volumes Mr. Froude cites Buchanan by name but once.

[180]Mary Queen of Scots and her Accusers.By John Hosack, Barrister at Law. Edinburgh. 1869.

[181]He had previously denounced his sovereign from the pulpit as an incorrigible idolatress and an enemy whose death would be a public blessing. Randolph writes to Cecil February, 1564, "They pray that God will either turn her heart or send her a short life;" adding, "of what charity or spirit this proceedeth, I leave to be discussed by the great divines." And yet we must not hastily condemn Knox, although a man fifty-eight years of age, of indiscriminate sourness and severity to all young women. He was at that very time paying his addresses to a girl of sixteen.

[182]"The attempt to make one's self the interpreter of the secret sentiments of historical personages is always dangerous and frequently ridiculous."

[183]See "Calendar of the State Papers relating to Scotland, preserved in the State Paper Department of Her Majesty's Public Record Office. 2 vols. quarto. London, 1858."Copy in Astor Library. This calendar gives the date and abstract of the contents of each document. There is no record of any letter of Randolph to Cecil of Oct. 5th, 1565, but there is one of Oct. 4th.

[183]See "Calendar of the State Papers relating to Scotland, preserved in the State Paper Department of Her Majesty's Public Record Office. 2 vols. quarto. London, 1858."

Copy in Astor Library. This calendar gives the date and abstract of the contents of each document. There is no record of any letter of Randolph to Cecil of Oct. 5th, 1565, but there is one of Oct. 4th.

[184]A copy of this rare poem in the original Italian may be found in the Astor Library.

[185]"These puissant legions, whose exileHath emptied heaven."Paradise Lost, Book i.

[185]

"These puissant legions, whose exileHath emptied heaven."Paradise Lost, Book i.

"These puissant legions, whose exileHath emptied heaven."

Paradise Lost, Book i.

[186]"Into our room of bliss thus high advancedCreatures of other mould."Par. Lost, Book iv.

[186]

"Into our room of bliss thus high advancedCreatures of other mould."Par. Lost, Book iv.

"Into our room of bliss thus high advancedCreatures of other mould."

Par. Lost, Book iv.

[187]SeeParadise Lost, Book ix. line 705.

[188]"Shall that be shut to man which to the beastIs open?"Paradise Lost, B. ix.

[188]

"Shall that be shut to man which to the beastIs open?"Paradise Lost, B. ix.

"Shall that be shut to man which to the beastIs open?"

Paradise Lost, B. ix.

[189]"Or is it envy? and can envy dwellIn heavenly breasts?"Paradise Lost, B. ix.

[189]

"Or is it envy? and can envy dwellIn heavenly breasts?"Paradise Lost, B. ix.

"Or is it envy? and can envy dwellIn heavenly breasts?"

Paradise Lost, B. ix.

[190]"Henceforth to speculations high and deepI turned my thoughts; and with capacious mindConsidered all things visible in heavenOr earth."Paradise Lost, B. ix.

[190]

"Henceforth to speculations high and deepI turned my thoughts; and with capacious mindConsidered all things visible in heavenOr earth."Paradise Lost, B. ix.

"Henceforth to speculations high and deepI turned my thoughts; and with capacious mindConsidered all things visible in heavenOr earth."

Paradise Lost, B. ix.

[191]"Eve.O me! lassa ch'io sentoUn gelido tremor vagar per l'osaChe mi fa graccio il core.Serpent.E la parte mortal che già incominciaA languir, sendo dal divin gravata,Che sovra le tue chiomeIn potenza sovrasta."

[191]

"Eve.O me! lassa ch'io sentoUn gelido tremor vagar per l'osaChe mi fa graccio il core.Serpent.E la parte mortal che già incominciaA languir, sendo dal divin gravata,Che sovra le tue chiomeIn potenza sovrasta."

"Eve.O me! lassa ch'io sentoUn gelido tremor vagar per l'osaChe mi fa graccio il core.

Serpent.E la parte mortal che già incominciaA languir, sendo dal divin gravata,Che sovra le tue chiomeIn potenza sovrasta."

[192]SeeParadise Lost, Book iv. line 940.

[193]A Lecture delivered before the Young Men's Christian Association of Boston, by the late Rev. Dr. Cummings, pastor of St. Stephen's Church, New York.

[194]It was some fifty years before, at the siege of Modena, that the first recorded instance, so far as I am aware, occurred of making the pigeon a letter-carrier.

[195]I am aware of an apparent anachronism here of some four or five years, according to Dio, Tacitus, Suetonius, and others; but Caligula was, I think, a few years older than these authors represent; for Josephus furnishes a somewhat different calendar from theirs.

[196]La Physique Moderne. Essai sur l'Unité des Phénomènes Naturels.Par Emile Saigey. Paris: Germer-Baillière. 1867.Les Problèmes de la Nature—les Problèmes de la Vie.Par Laugel. Paris. 1867.De la Science et de la Nature. Essai de Philosophie première.Par Magy. 1867.Eléments de Mécanique Moléculaire.Par le P. Bayma.Physique Moléculaire.Par l'Abbé Moigno. 1868.Revue des Deux Mondes: la Nature et la Physiologie idéaliste.Par Ch. Lévêque. 15 Janvier, 1857.Le Spiritualisme Français au dix neuvième siècle.Par P. Janet. 15 Mai, 1868.

[196]La Physique Moderne. Essai sur l'Unité des Phénomènes Naturels.Par Emile Saigey. Paris: Germer-Baillière. 1867.

Les Problèmes de la Nature—les Problèmes de la Vie.Par Laugel. Paris. 1867.

De la Science et de la Nature. Essai de Philosophie première.Par Magy. 1867.

Eléments de Mécanique Moléculaire.Par le P. Bayma.

Physique Moléculaire.Par l'Abbé Moigno. 1868.

Revue des Deux Mondes: la Nature et la Physiologie idéaliste.Par Ch. Lévêque. 15 Janvier, 1857.

Le Spiritualisme Français au dix neuvième siècle.Par P. Janet. 15 Mai, 1868.

[197]See for further details:Recueil des Rapports sur les Progrès des Lettres et des Sciences; la Philosophie en France au dix-neuvième siècle. Par Felix Ravaisson.Revue des Cours Littéraires, No. 24; art. by M. E. Beaussire.

[198]This system has been formulated with great talent by M. Emile Saigey, who advocated it, first in several very remarkable articles in theRevue des Deux Mondes; and afterward in his book,La Physique Moderne. Essai sur l'Unité des Phénomènes Naturels.

[199]The swiftness of molecules and the vibratory motion of ethereal atoms are astonishing, and surpass all imagination. The former, measuring two thousand metres, give eight millions of collisions in a second; while the latter, within the same space, produce every second several hundreds of millions more of undulations.

[200]M. Saigey.

[201]According to the very curious experiments of M. Hirn, the unity of heat or caloric in man, as well as in inorganic matter, corresponds to four hundred and twenty-five unities of mechanical labor—that is to say, to four hundred and twenty-five kilogrammes raised one metre high. Man gives in work twelve per cent of the heat produced, which is almost equal to the labor of our most perfect machines.

[202]Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Mai, 1863.

[203]Ibid.15 Janvier, 1867.

[204]Elements de Mécanique Moléculaire.

[205]M. Magy,De la Science, etc.

[206]Ch. Lévêque,Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Janvier, 1867.

[207]Ch. Lévêque,Revue des Deux Mondes, 15 Janvier, 1867.

[208]The Life and Works of Gerald Griffin.10 vols. 12mo. New York: D. & J. Sadlier & Co.

[209]P. 69.

[210]Thomassin, Vet. et Nov. Eccl. Disc. l. i. capp. vii. xlv.

[211]See Canon vi. Council of Nice in 325, which recognizes the patriarchal rights of Antioch and Alexandria, in the east, introduced by ancient custom. (τὰ ἀρχαῖα ἔθη.)

[212]Schelestrate, Eccl. Afric. sub prim. Carthag. Thomass. l. c. c. xx. n. 8.

[213]Constant. Ep. Rom. Pontif. Inn. I. ep. 13. Bonif. I. ep. 4. Coelest. I. ep. 3. Sixt. III. ep. 10.

[214]"Vices enim nostras ita tuæ credidimus caritati, ut in partem sis vocatus sollicitudinis, non in plenitudinem potestatis." Ep. 14. ad Anast. Thessal. edit. Ball. tom. i.

[215]The name ofpatriarchis first mentioned in the Council of Chalcedon, Act 3, where Pope St. Leo is thus addressed: "Sanctissimo et universali Archiepiscopo etPatriarchæmagnæ Romæ." (Labbe, Col. tom. iv.)

[216]Leo M. ep. 14, cap. 11.

[217]"Quum omnium par esset electio, uni tamen datum est, ut cæteris præemineret."

[218]Mansi, xv. col. 202.

[219]Cf. canon ix. of the same council.

[220]That is, in the East. Pithœus, Codex Canon. Vetus, p. 102, (edit. Paris.)

[221]Mansi. l. c. p. 688.

[222]Thomassin, Ballerini, Devoti, Walter, Philipps, Schulte, Döllinger, Blondel, Luden, Schönemann, the last three Protestants, all of whom, saysJanus, betray a very imperfect "knowledge of the decretals." (P. 78.)

[223]Launoy, Arnould, Febronius, Baluze, De Marca.

[224]HeldA.D.447.

[225]Epist. 47.

[226]See Epist. 45, ad Antonian.

[227]Döllinger, Church Histor. vol. i. pp. 260, 261, 262.

[228]Named after the ambitious Bishop Eusebius of Nicomedia, an ardent follower ofArius.

[229]P. 66.

[230]Apud Constant. Epist. Rom. Pontif. Epist. 37, ad Felic. col. 910.

[231]Epist. I. ad Episc. Gall. col. 938.

[232]Epist. ad Episc. Illyr. col. 1038.

[233]Epist. ad Episc. Vienn. Prov. (Baller Opp. tom. i. col. 634.)

[234]Epist. ad Episc. Dardan. (Hardouin Concil. tom. ii. col. 909.)

[235]Epist. ad Euseb. col. 385, ap. Const.

[236]Döllinger,Hist. of the Church, vol. ii. pp. 103, 109.

[237]The code of Dionysius presented by R. Hadrian to Charlemagne, known hence in Gaul as the Codex Hadrianeus.

[238]Biblioth. Jur. Canon. tom. i. p. 97-180. Fr. Pithœus, Codex Canon. Eccl. Rom. Vet. pp. 119, 120, can. iii. vii. (edit. Paris.)

[239]Biblioth. Jur. Canon. tom. ii. pp. 499, 603.

[240]Döllinger,Hist. of the Church, vol. ii. p. 229, gives several remarkable instances of such exceptions.

[241]Concil. Rom. ad Gratian. Imperat. cap. 11.

[242]Mansi, tom. viii. p. 247.

[243]Libell, Apologet. Ennod. apud Mansi, tom. vii. p. 271.

[244]Epist. ad Senator. Urbis Rom. ann. 502. Mansi, viii. col. 293.

[245]"In qua (Eccl. Rom.) ab his qui sunt undique conservata est ea, quæ est ab apostolis traditio." Adv. Hær. l. iii. c. 3.

[246]Hist. vol. i. p. 257. If "potentior principalitas" signified onlygreater antiquity, how could the church of Rome claim preëminence above the churches of Antioch and Ephesus?

[247]"Hanc Ecclesiæ unitatem qui non tenet,tenere se fidem credit?" De Unit. Eccl. p. 349. (Edit. Wir.)St. August, in his 43d epist., says of the church of Rome, "Semper viguit apostolicæ cathedræ principatus."

[247]"Hanc Ecclesiæ unitatem qui non tenet,tenere se fidem credit?" De Unit. Eccl. p. 349. (Edit. Wir.)

St. August, in his 43d epist., says of the church of Rome, "Semper viguit apostolicæ cathedræ principatus."

[248]Epist. cxvii. ad Renat. Presbyt. Rom.

[249]The very words of pseudo-Isidore on the purity of the "faith of Rome" are literally transcribed from the epistle of Pope Agatho to the Emperor Constantine in the year 680. (Mansi, tom. xi. col. 239.)

[250]De Antiquis Collect, pars iii. capp. iv. Gallandi, Sylloge. tom. i. p. 528 sqq.

[251]About 1809, under Napoleon.

[252]Notices et Extraits des Manuscr. de la Biblioth. Nation.tom. vi. p. 265 sqq.

[253]Died 313.

[254]Which was already known from its being inserted in former collections.

[255]Known in the fifth century. (Quesnel's edit.)

[256]Blondel. Prolegom. cap. 12. Blascus, De Collect. Canon. Isid. Mercat. cap. ii. Gallandi, tom. ii. p. 100.

[257]Muratori's edit. tom. iii. pars i. Rer.Italic.Script.

[258]Rufinus translated nine books of Eusebius, to which he added two more.

[259]Edit. Ven. 2 vol.

[260]Blondel, Proleg. cap. 18.

[261]See Alzog's Hist. vol. i. § 186.

[262]Philipps, Compend. of Canon Law, vol. i. p. 52.

[263]The italics are our own.

[264]Ball. Part. iii. cap. 6. n. 13. Galland, t. i. p. 540.

[265]Mansi. tom. xv. col. 127.

[266]Laws of the empire of Charlemagne, divided intoCapitulaor chapters.

[267]Baller. de Canon. Collect. p. iii. cap. cit.

[268]Epist. 42. ad Univ. Episc. Gall. in the year 865. (Mansi, xv. col. 695.)

[269]Mansi, xv. col. 693, et sqq.

[270]Epist. ad Hinc. Laudun. tom. ii. (edit. Sirmondi,) Paris.

[271]"Sancta Romana Ecclesia conservans, nobis quoque custodienda mandavit, et penesse in suis archivis, et vetustis rite monumentis recondita veneratur." (l. c. col. 694.)

[272]Prolegom. cap. 19.

[273]De Collect. Isid. cap. 4.

[274]Ch. Hist. vol. iii. p. 202.

[275]Blasc. De Collect. Canon. Isidor. (Galland Syllog. tom. ii. c. v. p. 30.)

[276]De Concordia Cath. lib. iii. cap. 2.

[277]Summa Eccl. lib. ii. cap. 101.

[278]De Rom. Pontif. lib. ii. cap. xiv.

[279]The English translation of Dr. Hergenröther's complete and masterly refutation ofJanus, which we reviewed some time since in the original German, is announced in the English papers as nearly ready, and will be for sale at the office of this magazine as soon as it is issued.—Ed. Catholic World.

[280]Viscount Bretiznières de Courteilles.

[281]The church only is handsomely decorated.

[282]Insubordinate female children are confided by the government to the care of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd, in their vast establishment at Angers, where they are subject to rules similar to those at Mettray, and with at least an equal success.

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