A.Academies, educational,281.Adrian VI., Pope,121;satires against,162-164.‘Africa,’ the, of Petrarch,258.Aguello of Pisa,11.Alberto da Sarteano,467.Alberti, Leon Battista,136-138.Albertinus, Musattus, fame of,140-141.Alboronoz,102.Alchemy,539,540.Alexander VI., Pope,109-117;death of,117.Alfonso I.,49.Alfonso of Ferrara,99.Alfonso the Great of Naples,35,95,459-461;contempt for astrology,513;enthusiasm for antiquity,225-227,228.Alighieri Dante.—See Dante.Allegorical representations,415.Allegory, age of,408-410;superiority of Italian,410-411.Amiens, treaty of,123.‘Amorosá Visione,’ the, of Boccaccio,324.Antiquity, importance of, Dante on,204-205;reproduction of,230-242.Anti-Trinitarians,549.Apollo Belvedere, discovery of the,184.Aquinas, St. Thomas,6,7,60.Arabic, study of,200-202.Aragonese Dynasty,16,35.Aretino, Pietro, the railer,164-168;father of modern journalism,165.Ariosto,134;and the Humanists,273;his artistic aim in epic,326;his picture of Roman society,185;‘Orlando Furioso,’ the, of,325,326,327;position as a Dramatist,320;style,306;satire on sorcery,535-536.Arlotto (jester),156.Army list, Venetian,67.‘Asolani,’ the, of Bembo,243.Assassination, paid,450,457.Assassins in Rome,109.Astrology, belief in,507-518;protest against,515.Auguries, belief in,520,521.Authors, the old,187-202.Autobiography in Italy,332,333.B.Bacchus and Ariadne, song of, by Lorenzo de Medici,427-428.Baglioni of Perugia, the,28,29,30,31,32;and the Oddi, disputes between,29.Bandello, as novelist,306;on infidelity,443-444;style of writing,382.Baraballe, comic procession of,158.Bassano, Jacopo, rustic paintings of,354.Belief, general disintegration of,541-550.Bembo, Pietro,231;epigrams of,267;his ‘Historia rerum Venetarum,’248;letters of,233;the ‘Sacra’ of,259.Benedictines, the,463.Bernabö, boar hounds of,13.Bernadino da Siena,235,467,469.Bessarion, Cardinal, his collection of Greek MSS.,189.Biblical criticism,501.Biographies, Collective,330sqq.Biography,328-337;comparative, art of,329.Blondus of Forli, historical writings of,245,246.Boar-hounds of Bernabö,13.Boccaccio,151;life of Dante,329;master of personal description,344;on ‘tyranny,’56;representative of antiquity,205;sonnets of,314.Bojardo, as epic poet,325;inventiveness of,324;style of,306.Borgias, the crimes of the,109-117.Borgia, Cæsar,109-117;death of,117.Borso of Este,49,50,51;created duke of Modena and Reggio,19;welcome of, to Reggio,417,418.Boscoli, Pierpaolo, death of,542-543.Botanical Gardens,292.Brigandage,449-450.Burchiello as Comedian,320.C.Calumny at Papal Court,161.Calvi Fabio, of Ravenna,278-279.Cambray, League of,68,89.Can Grande della Scala, Court of,9.Canzone, the,310.‘Canzone Zingaresca,’ of Politian,354.Capistrano, Giovanni,467.‘Capitolo,’ the,162-163.Cardano, Girolamo, of Milan, autobiography of,334.Caricaturists,159.‘Carmina Burana,’ the,173.Carnival, the,407,425-427.Castiglione,388.Catalogues of Libraries,190,191.Cathedral, Milan, founding of,14.Catilinarians, the,105.Catullus, as model,264-265.Cellini, Benvenuto, autobiography of,333-334.Celso, Caterina di San,400.Certosa, Convent of, founding of,13.Charles V., Emperor, action of,123,124.Charles IV., Emperor,17,18.Charles VIII. in Italy,89,90;entry into Italy,413.Children, naming of,250-251.Chroniclers, Italian,245;Florentine, condemn astrology,515.Church dignities, not bestowed according to pedigree,360;the corruption of,456;held in contempt,457-458;regeneration of,125;secularization of, proposed by Emperor Charles V.,123;spirit of reform in,123.Cicero, taken as model for style,253-54.Ciceronianism and revival of Vitruvius, analogy between,256.Ciriaco of Ancona, an antiquarian,181.Class distinction ignored,359-368.Clement VII., Pope, detested,122;flight of,123;temperament of,309.Cleopatra, the discovery of,184.Clubs, political,387.Colonna, Giovanne,177-178;Giulia Gonzaga,385;Vittoria,386,446.‘Commedia dell’Arte,’320,321.Commentaries, the, of Pius II.,333.Composition, Latin, history of,252-253.Condottieri, the, despotisms founded by,22,23,24.Convent of Certosa of Pavia, founding of,13.Cornaro, Luigi, Autobiography of,335-337;Vita Sobriaof,244.Corpse of girl, discovery of,183.Corpus Christi, feast of, celebration of,414.Corruption in Papacy,106,107.‘Cortigiano,’ the, by Castiglione,381,388,446.Cosmetics, use of,373-374.Council of Ten,66.Country life, descriptions of,306;love of,404-405.Crime, for its own sake,453-454;prevalence of, among priests,448-449.Criticism, Biblical,501.Crusades, the,485-486;influence of,285.Culture, general Latinization of,249-256.‘Curiale,’ the,378.Cybò, Franceschetto,108-109;as gambler,436.D.Daemons, belief in,521-524,531.Dagger, use of the,452.Dante, Alighieri,75,76,83,130,133,135;as advocate of antiquity,204-205;satirist,155;belief in freedom of the will,498;burial place of,143;desire for fame, his,139;influence of,324;influence of nature shown in works,299;life of, by Boccaccio,329;on Epicureanism,496-497;the Italian language,378-379;nobility,360-361;view of the sonnet,312;‘Vita Nuova’ of,333.Decadence of oratory,241,242.‘Decades,’ the, of Sabellico,248.‘Decameron,’ the,459.‘De Genealogia Deorum,’205-207.Demeanour of individuals,369.Descriptions of life in movement,348-355.Description of nations and cities,338-342;outward man,343-347.Difference of birth, loss of significance of,354.Dignities, Church, not bestowed according to pedigree,360.‘Discorsi,’ the, of Macchiavelli,458.Domestic comfort,376-377;economy,132,402-405.Dress, importance attached to,369-370;regulations relating to,370-371.E.Ecloques of Battista Mantovano,352,479.Economy, domestic,132,402-405.Education, equal, of sexes,396;private,135.Emperor Charles IV.,17;submission to the Pope,18;Frederick II.,5-7,69;III.,19;Sigismund,18,19.Epicureanism,496.Epigram,264,267,268,269,270.Epigraph, the,268,269.Equalization of classes,359-368.Erasmus,254.Ercole I., Duke of Ferrara,487-489.Este, House of, government of the,46,48;Isabella of,43,44;novels relating to,51,52,53;popular feeling towards,49,50.Van Eyck, Hubert,302,303;Johann,302,303.Ezzelino da Romano,6,7.F.Fame, modern idea of,139-153;thirst for, evils of,152-153.Federigo of Urbino,99.Feltre, Vittorino da,213-214.Female beauty, Firenzuola on,345-347.Ferrante of Naples,36,37,459-461.Ferrara, flourishing state of,47;sale of public offices at,47,48.Festivals,406-428;full development of,407;higher phase in life of people,406.Fire-arms, adoption of,98-99.Firenzuola on female beauty,345-347.Flagellants, the,485-486.Flogging,403.Florence,61-87;general statistics of,76,77,78,79,80;home of scandal-mongers,161;life more secure in,440-451;and Venice, birthplaces of science of statistics,69-72.Florentines, the, as perfectors of festivals,408.Foscari, Francesco, torture of,66.France, changed attitude of,91,92.Frederick II., Emperor,5-7,69;III.,19.Frederick of Urbino, learning of,227;oratory of,237.Freedom of will, belief in,497.Friars, mendicant,462.G.Gallerana, Cecilia,386.Gamblers, professional,436.Gambling on large scale,436.Gaston de Foix,309.Genoa,86-87.Germano-Spanish army, advance of,122.Ghibellines and Guelphs, political sonnets of,312.Ghosts,521-523.Giangaleazzo,13-14.Girls, in society, absence of,399.Girolamo Savonarola (see Savonarola).Godfrey of Strasburg,309.Golden Spur, order of the,53.Gonnella (jester),157.Gonzaga, House of, of Mantua,43;Francesco,43,44;Giovan Francesco,213-214;Isabella,385.Government, divine, belief in, destroyed,507.‘Gran Consilio,’ the,66.Gratitude as an Italian virtue,440.Greater dynasties,35-54.Greek, the study of,195-197.Guarino of Verono,215.Guelphs and Ghibellines, political sonnets of,312.Guicciardini, his opinion of the priesthood,464.Gymnastics first taught as an art,389.Gyraldus, historian of the humanists,276.H.Hair, false,372.Hermits,471.Hierarchy, hostility to the,458.Hieronymus of Siena,471-472.‘Historia rerum Venetarum,’ the, of Bembo,248.History, treated of in poetry,261.Honour, the sentiment of,433-435.Horses, breeding of,295-296.Humanism in the Fourteenth Century,203;furtherers of,217-229.Humanists, fall of, in 16th century,272-281;faults of,276;historian of,276;temptations of,275-276.Human Nature, study of intellectual side of,308-309.Husband, rights of,442.Hypocrisy, freedom of Italians from,439.I.‘Il Galateo’ of G. della Casa,375-376.Illegitimacy, indifference to,21,22.Immorality, prevalent at beginning of 16th century,432.Immortality, decline of belief in,541.Individual, the, assertion of,129,130,131;the, and the Italian State,129-138;the perfecting of,134-138.Individuality, keen perception of Italians for,329.Infidelity in marriage,440-441,456.Inn-keepers, German,375.Innocent VIII., Pope, election of,107.Inquisitors and Science,291;detrimental to development of drama,317.Instruments, musical, collections of393.Intolerance, religious,6.Isabella of Este,43,44.Italians, cleanliness of,374;discoverers of the Middle Ages,286;journeys of,285-288;judges as to personal beauty,342;supremacy of, in literary world,151;writing of,193.Italy, a school for scandal,160;subject to Spain,94.J.Jacopo della Marca,467.‘Jerusalem delivered’ of Tasso, delineation of character in,327.Jesting, a profession,156.Jews, literary activity of the,199-201.Journeys of the Italians,285-288.Julius II., Pope, character of,118;election of,117.K.Knighthood, passion for,364.L.Laetus Pomponus, life of,279-281.‘L’amor, diveno,’445,446.Language as basis of social intercourse,378-383.Laöcoon, the, discovery of,148.Latin composition, history of,252-253;treatises, and History,243-248.Latini, Brunetto, originator of new epoch in poetry,310.Laurel wreath, the, coronation of poets with,207-209.Law, absence of belief in,447.League of Cambray,68,89.Leo X., Pope, buffoonery of,157-158;influence on humanism,224-225;love of jesters,157;policy of,119,120,121.Letter-writing, object of,232.Library Catalogues,190,191.Life, outward refinement of,369-377.Lionardo da Vinci,114.Lorenzo the Magnificent,90,95,108;as describer of country life,350,353;parody of ‘Inferno’ by,159;song of Bacchus and Ariadne,427-428;tact of,386-387;theistic belief of,549-550.Ludovico Casella, death of,57.Ludovico il Moro,41,42,64,93.Lutherans, danger from the,121.Luther, Martin,121.M.Macchiavelli,81,82,84-86,96;as comedian,320;‘Discorsi il’ of,458;metrical history by,263;on Italian immorality,432.Madonna, the worship of,483-485.Magicians,530-533;burning of,524.Magic, decline of,537;official,533-535,538;practice of,453.Malatesta, Pandolfo,27;Robert,23,26;Sigismondo,33,228-229.Man, the discovery of,308-327.Manetti, Giannozzo,197,225;high character of,218-220;eloquence of,240.Mantovano, Battista, eclogues of,352,479.Manucci, Aldo,197.