Perkins, Dr. letter from, on water-spouts, ii. 11.on shooting stars, 36.Persecution, parable against, ii. 450.of dissenters, letter on, 452.of quakers in New England, 454.Perspirablematter, pernicious, if retained, ii. 50.Perspiration, necessary to be kept up, in hot climates, ii. 86.difference of, in persons when naked and clothed, 214.Petitionfrom the colonists of Massachusets bay, iii.325.of the left hand,483.Petty, sir William, a double vessel built by, ii. 174.Philadelphia, Franklin's first arrival at, i. 32.account of a seminary there, instituted by Franklin, 116 to 127.state of the public bank at, iii.551*.Phytolacca, or poke weed, a specific for cancers, i. 261.Picture, magical, described, i. 195.Plaintruth, Franklin's first political pamphlet, iii.524.Planfor benefiting distant countries, ii. 403.for settling two western colonies, iii.41.for the management of Indian affairs, remarks on,216.for improving the condition of the free blacks,519.Plankingof ships, improvement in, ii. 189.Pleurisy, Franklin attacked by, i. 71, 154.Plusand minus electricity, in the Leyden bottle, i. 181.in other bodies, 185.Pointedrods, secure buildings from lightning, i. 283, 381.experiments and observations on, 388.objections to, answered, 395, 396.Points, their effects, i. 170.property of, explained, 223.experiment showing the effect of, on the clouds, 283.mistake respecting, 310.Poke-weed, a cure for cancers, i. 260, 261.Polaritygiven to needles by electricity, i. 248.Polesof the earth, if changed, would produce a deluge, ii. 127.Politicalfragments, ii. 411.Polypus, a nation compared to, ii. 391.Poor, remarks on the management of, ii. 418.the better provided for, the more idle, 422.PoorRichard, maxims of, iii.453.Pope, criticism on two of his lines, i. 23.Population, observations on, ii. 383.causes which diminish it, 386.occasional vacancies in, soon filled by natural generation, 390.rate of its increase in America, 385. iii.113,250,254.why it increases faster there, than in England, iii.255.Positionsconcerning national wealth, ii. 408.Positiveness, impropriety of, ii. 318.Postage, not a tax, but payment for a service, iii.265.state of, in America, in 1766,279.Post-master, and deputy post-master general, Franklin appointed to the offices of, i. 102, 127.Potts, Stephen, a companion of Franklin's, i. 72, 84.Poultry, not good at sea, ii. 193.Powder-magazines, how secured from lightning, i. 375.Powerto move a heavy body, how to be augmented, ii. 191.Pownall, governor, memorial of, to the Duke of Cumberland, iii.41.letter from, on an equal communication of rights to America,243.constitution of the colonies by,299.Prefaceto Mr. Galloway's speech, iii.163.to proceedings of the inhabitants of Boston,317.Presbyterianism, established religion in New England, ii. 454.Press, account of the court of, ii. 463.liberty of, abused, 465.Pressingof seamen, animadversions on, ii. 437.Price, Dr. letter from, on Franklin's death, iii.541.Priestley, Dr. letter from, on Franklin's character, iii.547.Printersat Philadelphia before Franklin, i. 36.Printing, Franklin apprenticed to the business of, i. 15.works at it as a journeymen in England, 58, 62.in America, 35, 71.enters on the business of, as master, 78.observations on fashions in, ii. 355.Prison, society for relieving the misery of, i. 151.not known among the Indians of America, iii.220.Privateering, reprobated, ii. 436.further observations on, 446.article to prevent it, recommended in national treaties, 448.inserted in a treaty between America and Prussia, 449.Proas, of the pacific ocean, safety of, ii. 173.flying, superior to any of our sailing boats, 176.Produceof the inland parts of America, iii.119.Productsof America, do not interfere with those of Britain, iii.124.Prose-writing, method of acquiring excellence in, i. 18.Protestagainst Franklin's appointment as colonial agent, remarks on, iii.203.Provisions, cheapness of, encourages idleness, ii. 415.Prussianedict, assuming claims over Britain, iii.311.Publicservices and functions of Franklin, i. 125.spirit, manifest in England, iii.91.different opinion respecting it expressed,375.Punctualityof America in the payment of public debts, iii.373.Puckridge, Mr. inventor of musical glasses, i. 136.Q.Quaker-lady, good advice of one to Franklin in his youth, i. 42.Quakers, persecution of, in New England, ii. 454.proportion of, in Pensylvania, iii.249.Quebec, remarks on the enlargement of the province of, iii.20, note.Queriesconcerning light, i. 258.proposed at the Junto club, ii. 366.from Mr. Strahan, on the American disputes, iii.287.Questionsdiscussed by the Junto club, ii. 369.R.Rain, how produced, i. 207.generally brings down electricity, 292.why never salt, ii. 32.different quantities of, falling at different heights, 133.Ralph, James, a friend of Franklin's, i. 50, 53, 54, 57, 60.Rarefactionof the air, why greater in the upper regions, ii. 6.Read, maiden name of Franklin's wife, i. 33, 37, 49, 54, 59, 70, 96.Reading, Franklin's early passion for, i. 15, 16.how best taught, ii. 372.advice to youth respecting, 378.Recluse, a Roman Catholic one, in London, i. 65.Redand green,relation betweenthe colours of, ii. 341.Regimen, sudden alterations of, not prejudicial, i. 49.Religioussect, new one, intended establishment of, i. 48.Repellency, electrical, how destroyed, i. 172.Representation, American, in the British parliament, thoughts on, iii.37,243.Repulsion, electrical, the doctrine of, doubted, i. 333.considerations in support of, 349.Revelation, doubted by Franklin in his youth, i. 79.Rhode-Island, purchased for a pair of spectacles, iii.21.its population at three periods, iii.129.Rich, hints to those that would be, iii.466.Ridicule, delight of the prince of Condé in, iii.424.Rivers, from the Andes, how formed, i. 209.motion of the tides in, explained, ii. 96, 102.do not run into the sea, 105.evaporate before they reach the sea, 106.inflammability of the surface of, 130.Rods, utility of long pointed ones, to secure buildings from lightning, i. 388.See farther.Iron.Lightning.Metalline.Rome, causes of its decline enquired into, ii. 398.political government of its provinces, iii.136.Rooms, warm, advantages of, ii. 249.do not give colds, ibid.Roots, edible, might be dried and preserved for sea-store, ii. 190.Rosin, when fluid, will conduct electricity, i. 256.Rousseau, his opinion of tunes in parts, ii. 342.Rowingof boats, Chinese method of, ii. 177.Rowley, Dr. Franklin's obligations to, iii.555*.S.Sailing, observations on, ii. 163.Sails, proposed improvements in, ii. 164, 166.SaintBride's church, stroke of lightning on, i. 374.Salt, dry, will not conduct electricity, i. 258.rock, conjectures as to its origin, ii. 91.Saltnessof the sea-water considered,ib.Savage, John, a companion of Franklin's, i. 72.Savagesof North America, remarks on, iii.383,et seq.School, sketch of one, for Philadelphia, ii. 370.Scotchtunes, harmony of, and melody, ii. 338.Screaming, a defect in modern tunes, ii. 345.Scull, Nicholas, member of the Junto club, i. 83.Sea, electrical qualities of its component parts, i. 205.opinion, that it is the source of lightning, considered, 269, 321, 322.supposed cause of its luminous appearance, ii. 88.from what cause, salt, 91.has formerly covered the mountains,ib.Sea-coal, has a vegetable origin, ii. 128.prejudices against the use of, at Paris, 278.Sea-water, soon loses its luminous quality, i. 269.considerations on the distillation of, ii. 103.how to quench thirst with, 104.thermometrical observation on, 199,et seq.Security, a just ground to demand cessions from an enemy, iii.93.Separationof the colonies from Britain, probability of, in 1775, iii.356.Servantsin England, the most barren parts of the people, ii. 395.Settlements, new, in America, letter concerning, iii.409.Settlersof British colonies, their rights, iii.299.Sheep, a whole flock killed by lightning, i. 415.Ships, abandoned at sea, often saved, ii. 169.may be nicely balanced, 170.accidents to, at sea, how guarded against, 172.Shirley, governor, letters to, on the taxation of the colonies, iii.30.on American representation in the British parliament, 37.Shooting-stars, letter on, ii. 36.Shop-keepersin America, iii.394.Sidesof vessels, the best construction of, ii. 172.Silvercann, experiment with, i. 307.vessels, not so easily handled as glass, when filled with hot liquors, ii. 57.Slavery, society for the abolition of, i. 151.address to the public on the abolition of, iii.517.Slaves, not profitable labourers, ii. 386.diminish population, ii. 387.Slave-trade, sentiment of a French moralist respecting, ii. 195.parody on the arguments in favour of, 450.Sliding-platesfor smoky chimnies described, ii. 287.Slitting-millsin America, iii.270.Small, Mr. Alexander, letter from, i. 374.Smellof electricity, how produced, i. 244.Smoke, principle by which it ascends, ii. 257.stove that consumes it, 296.the burning of, useful in hot-houses, 316.Smokychimnies, observation on the causes and cure of, ii. 256.remedy for, if by want of air, 261, 262.if by too large openings in the room, 266, 268.if by too short a funnel, 269.if by overpowering each other, 270, 271.if by being overtopped, 271, 272.if by improper situation of a door, 273.if by smoke drawn down their funnels, 274, 275.if by strong winds, 275, 276.difficult sometimes to discover the cause of, 282.Smuggling, reflections on, ii. 430.encouragement of, not honest, 432.Snow, singular instance of its giving electricity, i. 373.Soap-boiler, part of Franklin's early life devoted to the business of, i. 10, 14.Societies, of which Franklin was president, i. 151.learned, of which he was a member, 135.Socrates, his mode of disputation, i. 21.Songs, ancient, give more pleasure than modern, ii. 342.modern, composed of all the defects of speech, 344.Soul, argument against the annihilation of, iii.548*.Sound, best mediums for conveying, ii. 335.observations on, 336.queries concerning, 337.Soundsjust past, we have a perfect idea of their pitch, ii. 340.Soup-dishesat sea, how to be made more convenient, ii. 195.Spain, what has thinned its population, ii. 390.Specificweight, what, ii. 226.Spectacles, double, advantages of, iii.544*,551*.Speech, at Algiers, on slavery and piracy, ii. 450.of Mr. Galloway, preface to, iii.163.last of Franklin, on the federal constitution,416.Spelling, a new mode of, recommended, ii. 359.Spheres, electric, commodious ones, i. 178.Spider, artificial, described, i. 177.Spirits, fired without heating, i. 214, 245.linen wetted with, cooling in inflammations, ii. 87.should always be taken to sea in bottles, 175.Spotsin the sun, how formed, i. 260.Squares, magical square of, ii. 324.Staffordshirechimney, description of, ii. 285.Stamp-actin America stigmatized, iii.228.letter on the repeal of, iii.239.examination of Franklin on,245.Stars.SeeShooting.State, internal, of America, iii.291.Storms, causes of, ii. 65.Stove, Dutch, its advantages and defects, ii. 233.German, ditto, 234.to draw downwards, by J. G. Leutmann, 298.for burning pit-coal and consuming its smoke, 301, 304, 308.Strataof the earth, letter on, ii. 116.Strahan, Mr. queries by, on American politics, iii.287.answer to the queries,290.letter to, disclaiming his friendship, iii.354.Stuber, Dr. continuator of Franklin's life, i. 98.Studiesof trifles, should be moderate, ii. 95.Stuttering, one of the affected beauties of modern tunes, ii. 245.Sugar, cruelties exercised in producing it, ii. 196.Sulphurglobe, its electricity different from that of the glass globe, i. 265.Sun, supplies vapour with fire, i. 207.why not wasted by expense of light, 259.effect of its rays on different coloured clothes, ii. 108.light of, proposed to be used instead of candlelight, iii.470,473.discovered to give light as soon as it rises,471.Surfacesof glass, different state of its opposite ones, when electrised, i. 191, 238.Swimming, skill of Franklin in, i. 66.art of, how to be acquired, ii. 206how a person unacquainted with it may avoid sinking, 208.a delightful and wholesome exercise, ii. 209, 211.advantage of, to soldiers, 210.inventions to improve it,ibid.212.medical effects of,ibid.T.Tariffs, not easily settled in Indian trade, iii.218.Tautology, an affected beauty of modern songs, ii. 345.Taxation, American, letters to governor Shirley on, iii.30.American, Dr. Franklin's examination on, iii.246,256.internal and external, distinguished,259.on importation of goods and consumption, difference between,266.Tea-act, the duty on, in America, how considered there, iii.261,317,319.characterized by Mr. Burke,319,note.Teach, or Blackbeard, name of a ballad written by Franklin in his youth, i. 16.Thanksof the assembly of Pensylvania to Franklin, iii.214.Thanksgiving-daysappointed in New England instead of fasts, iii.392.Theoryof the earth, ii. 117.of light and heat, 122.Thermometer, not cooled by blowing on, when dry, ii. 87.electrical, described, and experiments with, ii. 336.Thermometricalobservations on the gulph-stream, ii. 199.on the warmth of sea-water, 200.Thirst, may be relieved by sea-water, how, ii. 105.Thunderand lightning, how caused, i. 209.seldom heard far from land, 216.comparatively little at Bermuda,ibid.defined, 378.Thunder-gusts, what, i. 203.hypothesis to explain them, 203,et seq.Tidesin rivers, motion of, explained, ii. 96, 102.Time, occasional fragments of, how to be collected, ii. 412.is money to a tradesman, iii.463.Toadslive long without nourishment, ii. 223.Tolerationin Old and New England compared, ii. 457.Torpedo, how to determine its electricity, i. 408, 409.Tourmalin, its singular electrical properties, i. 370.experiments on it, 371, 372.Trade, pleasure attending the first earnings in, i. 81.should be under no restrictions, ii. 415.exchanges in, may be advantageous to each party, 418.inland carriage no obstruction, to, iii.116.great rivers in America, favourable to,118.bills of credit, in lieu of money, the best medium of,156.will find and make its own rates,219.Tradesman, advice to a young one, iii.463.Transportationof felons to America, highly disagreeable to the inhabitants there, iii.235.Treatybetween America and Prussia, humane article of, ii. 449.Treasures, hidden, search after, ridiculed, iii.450.Trees, dangerous to be under, in thunder-storms, i. 213.the shivering of, by lightning, explained, 359.why cool in the sun, ii. 87.Tubesof glass, electrical, manner of rubbing, i. 178.lined with a non-electric, experiment with, 240.exhausted, electric fire moves freely in, 241.Tunes, ancient Scotch, why give general pleasure, ii. 338.composed to the wire-harp, 341.in parts, Rousseau's opinion of, 342.modern, absurdities of, 344,et seq.Turkeykilled by electricity, i. 299.Turks, ceremony observed by, in visiting, iii.436.V. U.Vacuum, Torricellian, experiment with, i. 291.electrical experiment in, 317.Vapour, electrical experiment on, i. 343.Vapoursfrom moist hay, &c. easily fired by lightning, i. 215.cause of their rising considered, ii. 46, 49.Vanity, observation on, i. 2.Varnish, dry, burnt by electric sparks, i. 199.Vattel'sLaw of Nations, greatly consulted by the American congress, iii.360.Vegetablediet, observed by Franklin, i. 20.abandoned by Franklin, why, 47.Vegetation, effects of, on noxious air, ii. 129.Velocityof the electric fire, i. 319.Virtuein private life exemplified, iii.427.Vernon, Mr. reposes a trust in Franklin, which he violates, i. 44.Visinertiæ of matter, observations on, ii. 110.Visits, unseasonable and importunate, letter on, iii.432.Unintelligibleness, a fault of modern singing, ii. 345.Union, Albany plan of. SeeAlbany.Unionof America with Britain, letter on, iii.239.Unitedstates of America, nature of the congress of, iii.550*.Voyage, from Boston to New York, i. 27.from New York to Philadelphia, 28.from Newfoundland to New York, remarks on, ii. 197.crossing the gulph stream, journal of, 199.from Philadelphia to France, 200, 201.from the channel to America, 202.to benefit distant countries, proposed, 403.Vulgaropinions, too much slighted, ii. 146.W.Waggons, number of, supplied by Franklin, on a military emergency, i. 131.War, civil, whether it strengthens a country considered, ii. 399.observations on, 435.laws of, gradually humanized,ib.humane article respecting, in a treaty between Prussia and America, ii. 449.French, of 1757, its origin, iii.274.Warmrooms do not make people tender, or give colds, ii. 249.Washington, early military talents of, i. 130.Franklin's bequest to, 164.Water, a perfect conductor of electricity, i. 201.strongly electrified, rises in vapour, 204.particles of, in rising, are attached to particles of air, 205.and air, attract each other, 206.exploded like gunpowder, by electricity, 358.expansion of, when reduced to vapour,ib.saturated with salt, precipitates the overplus, ii. 2.will dissolve in air,ib.expands when boiling,ib.how supported in air, 45.bubbles on the surface of, hypothesis respecting, 48.agitated, does not produce heat, 49, 96.supposed originally all salt, 91.fresh, produce of distillation only,ib.curious effects of oil on, 142.Water-casks, how to dispose of, in leaky vessels, ii. 170.Water-spouts, observations on, ii. 11.whether they descend or ascend, 14, 23, 38.various appearances of, 16.winds blow from all points towards them, 21.are whirlwinds at sea,ib.effect of one on the coast of Guinea, 33.account of one at Antigua, 34.various instances of, 38.Mr. Colden's observations on, 53.Watson, Mr. William, letter by, on thunder-clouds, i. 427.Waves, stilled by oil, ii. 144, 145, 148.greasy water, 146.Wax, when fluid will conduct electricity, i. 256.may be electrised positively and negatively, 291.Wealth, way to, iii.453.national, positions to be examined concerning, ii. 408.but three ways of acquiring it, 410.Webb, George, a companion of Franklin's, i. 72, 84, 86.Wedderburn, Mr. remarks on his treatment of Franklin before the privy council, iii.330,332, notes;550.West, Mr. his conductor struck by lightning, i. 340.Westerncolonies, plan for settling them, iii.41.Whatley, Mr. four letters to, iii.543*.Wheels, electrical, described, i. 196.Whirlwinds, how formed, ii. 10.observations on, 20.a remarkable one at Rome, 24.account of one in Maryland, 61.Whistle, a story, iii.480.White, fittest colour for clothes in hot climates, ii. 109.Will, extracts from Franklin's, i. 155.Wilson, Mr. draws electricity from the clouds, i. 429.Windgenerated by fermentation, ii. 59.Windsexplained, ii. 8, 9, 48.the explanation objected to, 50, 51.observations on, by Mr. Colden, 52.whether confined to, or generated in, clouds, 57.raise the surface of the sea above its level, 188.effect of, on sound, 337.Winters, hard, causes of, ii. 68.Winthrop, professor, letters from, i. 373, 382.Wireconducts a great stroke of lightning, though destroyed itself, i. 282.Wolfe, general, i. 136.Womenof Paris, singular saying respecting, as mothers, iii.548*.Wood, dry, will not conduct electricity, i. 172.why does not feel so cold as metals, ii. 56.Woods, not unhealthy to inhabit, ii. 130.Woollen, why warmer than linen, ii. 57, 81.Words, to modern songs, only a pretence for singing, ii. 348.Wygate, an acquaintance of Franklin's, i. 66.Wyndham, sir William, applies to Franklin to teach his sons swimming, i. 69.