Footnotes

Footnotes1.“William Gerard, son of William who died at Eton-hall in 26 Edward III. [1352], by his marriage with Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir Peter Bryn de Brynhill, convertible into Sir Peter Brynhill de Bryn, became possessed of Bryn, Ashton, and other estates, which have remained in the Gerards of Bryn ever since.”...“This family have had four seats within the township of Ashton, viz., Old Bryn, abandoned five centuries ago; New Bryn, erected in the reign of Edward VI.; Garswood, taken down at the beginning of the present century; and the New Hall, the present residence of the family, built by the Launders about the year 1692, and purchased by the Gerards forty years ago”(Baines,Hist. of Lancaster, 1836, vol. iii., pp. 637, 639).2.Infrap.27.3.Tutbury is in Staffordshire, on the borders of Derbyshire, near to Etwal.4.Public Record Office,Domestic, Elizabeth, vol. 215, n. 19.“Return of Prisoners in the Tower,”endorsed in Lord Burghley's hand,“2 Julii, 1588”[an error for August].“April 1, 1585.Imprimis, the Earl of Arundel, prisoner three years four months.... August 23, 1586. Sir Thomas Gerard, Knight, prisoner one year eleven months: indicted for treason.”At the end of the list are the names of five Priests“committed for religion.”From the Tower Sir Thomas Gerard was removed to the Counter in Wood-street (Domestic, Eliz., vol. 217, n. 27).5.Sir Gilbert Gerard was of the family of the Gerards of Ince, a younger branch of the Gerards of Bryn. His eldest son, Sir Thomas, was the first Lord Gerard of Gerards Bromley.6.Domestic, Eliz., vol. 187, n. 48, viii.7.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 251, n. 14. Feb. 3, 1595.8.Probably Edmund Lewckener, who appears in the College books as one of the new fellows on Sir W. Petre's foundation in 1566.9.Prece vel pretio (MS.).10.John Elmer, Bishop of London from 1576 to 1588.11.There were 47 Catholics in the prison, of whom 11 were Priests, amongst whom were William Hartley and John Adams, future martyrs, and William Bishop, the first Vicar Apostolic (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 170, n. 11).12.In a letter dated October 3, 1614 (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., iv., 24), Father Gerard says that“7 florins of Liége make but 6 of Brabant, 12s. English.”So we may turn his florins into pounds by taking off the last cypher.13.Another occasion may present itself for placing before the reader the many anecdotes of the English Martyrs related in the Autobiography, that are now passed over.14.Father Gerard was present, he says, at the martyrdom of William Thomson, who suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1586. Father Holt became Rector of the English College at Rome, October 24, 1586; and the name of John Gerard is the first entry for 1587 in the College Catalogue.15.When Father Gerard has occasion, in his Narrative of the Powder Plot, to relate what he knows of Father Ouldcorne's history, he gives an account of this journey (infr.p.279).16.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz.vol. 217, n. 81.17.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 199, nn. 95, 96.18.Ibid, vol. 217, n. 3. The Calendar gives for its date Oct. 1, 1588. The postscript of the letter bears the date“8 Septembris.”19.They both suffered in Fleet Street; Christopher Bales on March 4, 1590, and George Beesley on July 2, 1591. They were condemned under the statute 27 Elizabeth, for being made Priests beyond the seas and exercising their functions in England.20.Ad subcuratorem pacis, et ad censorem (MS.). The above are conjectural renderings. These seem to have been only village officials.21.Irenarchâ aut curatore pacis (MS.).22.Ut vanitas veritatem occultet (MS.).23.Father William Weston, commonly called Father Edmonds.24.The name“Yelverton”is added in the margin. Sir Christopher Yelverton was at this time Queen's Serjeant, and subsequently Speaker of the House of Commons, and Puisne Judge of the King's Bench. He died in 1607. His son, Sir Henry Yelverton, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, condemned Father Edmund Arrowsmith in 1628, and died in the January following.25.Dr. Andrew Perne, Master of Peter-house, Cambridge, and second Dean of Ely. He is incidentally mentioned by Miss Strickland as having changed his religion four times (Lives of the Queens of England, vol. vii., p. 208).26.“It [Braddocks] seems to have been formerly moated round, and two sides of the moat remain at present”(Morant,History of Essex, London, 1768, vol ii., p. 559).27.Their names appear in 1580, among the signatures of the thirty Nuns of Sion, then at Rouen, in a petition to the Catholics of England, praying them not to allow“the only Religious Convent remaining of our country”to perish for want of support (Public Record Office,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 146, n. 114). The convent reached Lisbon in 1594, and in 1863 returned to England and settled at Spetisbury, near Blandford. It is the only Religious House in England that can trace an unbroken descent from a foundation made before the Reformation. Sion House was founded by Henry V. in 1413.28.William is said to have been knighted at a later date. Three baronetcies were conferred on various branches of the family, William of Canfield (1628), Richard of Thundersley (1628), and Sir William Wiseman, Knight, of Riverhall (1660). The two last mentioned are extinct. The Wisemans of Braddocks were descended from John Wiseman, Esq., ancestor of the present baronet, who purchased the estate in Northend about 1430, and was the first of the family who lived in Essex.29.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 247, n. 3.30.“While the house at Sawston was erecting, Sir Edmund resided on his estates in Essex, and served the office of Sheriff for that county in 20, 21, [1578-9] and 30 Elizabeth”[1588] (Burke'sLanded Gentry, 1850, vol. i., p. 602).31.The relationship is by affinity and half-blood. Jane, daughter of Sir William Dormer, by his first wife, Mary Sidney, married Don Gomez Suarez, Count of Feria; and Dorothy's father, Robert Lord Dormer, was a son of Sir William, by his second wife, Dorothy Catesby (Burke'sPeerage).32.Lady Penelope Devereux, daughter of Walter first Earl of Essex, wife of Robert third Lord Rich, afterwards Earl of Warwick.33.Charles Blount, eighth Baron Mountjoy, who in 1603 was created Earl of Devonshire. He was married December 26, 1605, to Lady Rich, after her divorce, and in the lifetime of her husband, by William Laud, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. The Earl of Devonshire died in a few months after this marriage, April 3, 1606.34.William Wiseman, Richard Fulwood, and Ralph Willis were with Father Gerard at Lady Gerard's house before Michaelmas, 1592 (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248, n. 103).35.Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, was beheaded at York, in 1572. He had four daughters: Elizabeth, wife of Richard Woodroff; Lucy, wife of Sir Edward Stanley; Jane, wife of Lord Henry Seymour; and Mary, the second Abbess of the English Benedictine Convent at Brussels.36.This venerable Community was transferred in 1794 to Winchester, and in 1857 to East Bergholt, in Suffolk. This was the first English Convent founded after the Reformation, and the first to come to England at the French Revolution.37.When this was written, the strict laws of Urban VIII. had not yet been made, which forbid the introduction of any public religious veneration except by the authority of the Holy See.38.Defecerunt scrutantes scrutinio (MS.).39.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248, n. 103.40.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 247, n. 3.41.“Robert Wiseman, her other son, is also an obstinate recusant and will by no means take the oath. He is prisoner in the Clink.”(Young, Apr. 14, 1594. P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 68).42.The Lady Mary Percy, of whom mention has been previously made. She“was a devout Catholic, and had come to London a little before my imprisonment, to get my help in passing over to Belgium, there to consecrate herself to God. She was staying at the house of her sister,”who had lost the faith, Jane, the wife of Lord Henry Seymour, with whose Protestant servants Father Gerard was confronted later on.“I dined with them on the day the witnesses mentioned. It was Lent; and they told how their mistress ate meat, while the Lady Mary and I ate nothing but fish ”(infr.p.lxviii.).43.He had previously said that“between Midsummer and Michaelmas last, Scudamore the Priest was there by the name of John Wiseman and stayed there one night.”John was apparently the name of the younger Jesuit, who died in the Novitiate at Rome.44.Amongst the letters seized at Braddocks in a search apparently in 1592, was one“sent by Dolman the Priest to Mrs. Wiseman, dated 28 die Jun., advertizing her of her son Thomas and her son John their healths, and of his going to Wisbech, and that he was sorry her daughter Jane had no warning whereby she might have wrote an epistle in Latin to the Priests at Wisbech, that they might have understood her zeal”(P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 243, n. 95).45.P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 68.46.Young adds,“Mr. Wiseman and his mother had many more servants, both men and maids, all which were recusants, and none of them would come to church, to the great offence and scandal of all Her Majesty's good subjects in that country.”47.Stonyhurst MSS.P., ii., p. 550.48.Mr.“Homulus”is Ralph Emerson, the Lay-brother, of whom Father Campion wrote to the General,“Homulus meus et ego”(infr.p.lxx). It was of the greatest consequence that no names to strike the eye should appear in letters, in case they were intercepted.49.Probably White Webbs in Enfield Chase, called“Dr. Hewick's house”(P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 70).50.P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 36.51.In the original the words“is Richard Fulwood”are interlined, and“he will not tell”underlined or erased.52.Being learned.Erased in Orig.53.It was of the last importance for the friends of a prisoner to know, if possible, what replies he had really given, not only that they might take measures, if necessary, for their own safety, but also that they might know how far to go in their own answers when summoned. The persecutors were constantly in the habit of publishing all sorts of pretended replies which they said had been given by prisoners in their secret examinations, so that prisoners seized every possible opportunity of communicating the truth to their friends, often, as we shall see, in the most ingenious way.54.It will be noticed, both from this passage and many others, that the persecuted Catholics followed that common doctrine of theologians, maintained also by many Protestant moralists, that an unjust oppressor has no right, by the law of God, to exact or expect true answers from his victims, if such true answers would help his unjust designs, except where the question is of the faith of the prisoner. It is quite likely that many will be startled now-a-days at such direct denials, owing to our present freedom from those extreme circumstances in which such denials were then made. Their own lives were at stake, or those of other innocent persons, whom it would have been a sin to betray; and for those persons' sake, if they held such denials to be lawful, they were bound to make them. The English law, with a tenderness then unknown, would now protect a man from all efforts to make him criminate himself. The persecutors themselves, who showed so great indignation at their victims' falsehoods, told lies systematicallyin order to ensnare the Catholics; a thing which no code of morality ever countenanced, whether Catholic or Protestant. We propose to discuss this subject more fully in the sequel.55.This was the unfortunate Countess of Arundel, whose husband, Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel, was at this time (1594) in the tenth year of his imprisonment in the Tower. He died the following year in the same prison, the noblest victim to the jealous and suspicious tyranny of Elizabeth,non sine veneni suspicione, as his epitaph still testifies.56.This holy martyr's true name was Nicholas Owen. Father Gerard gives an interesting account of him in the Narrative of the Powder Plot (infrap.182).57.We learn from Frank that it was called Middleton's.58.Sir Thomas Egerton, afterwards Lord Ellesmere and Viscount Brackley, was Attorney General at this date, 1594, and Lord Chancellor in 1609, when this was written. His having been a Catholic is not mentioned by his biographers.59.Father Gerard was first confined in the Counter, as he tells us later. Father Garnett in one of his letters speaks of the Counter as“a very evil prison and without comfort.”There were in London three prisons of this name: the Counter, a part of the parish church of St. Margaret in Southwark; the Counter in the Poultry,“some four houses west from the parish church of St. Mildred”; and the new Counter in Wood-street, removed from Bread-street in 1555 (Stow'sSurvey of London, ed. Thoms, pp. 99, 131).60.Even the gentle Father Southwell could not but show his estimate of this reprobate man. We translate the following from Father More'sHistory of the English Province, l. v., n. 15.“Though he readily answered the questions of others, yet if Topcliffe interposed he never deigned him a reply; and when asked the cause of this, he answered:‘Because I have found by experience that the man is not open to reason.’”61.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. ii., n. 27;P., vol. ii., f. 604.62.This was a prison in Southwark, adjoining the palace of the Bishops of Winchester. In Father More's Latin Narrative it appears asAtrium Wintoniense.“It was a small place of confinement on the Bankside, called the Clink from being the prison of the‘Clink liberty or manor of Southwark,’belonging to the Bishops of Winchester”(Brayley,History of Surrey, vol. 5, p. 348).63.Father Garnett writes, Nov. 19, 1594:“Sir Thomas Wilks goeth into Flanders, as it is thought for peace; whereupon the arraignment of the three Jesuits, Southwell, Walpole, and Gerard, is stayed. Gerard is in the Clink, somewhat free; the other two so close in the Tower that none can hear from them”(Stonyhurst MSS.,P., ii., p. 550).64.“There is a little fellow called Ralph, who is in England for Father Persons, is a great dealer for all the Papists; he is a very slender, brown little fellow”(Confession of Ralph Miller. P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 173, n. 64).65.John Rigby suffered at St. Thomas' Watering, June 21, 1600, for having been reconciled by a Catholic Priest.66.Ann Line executed at Tyburn, Feb. 27, 1601, for harbouring a Catholic Priest.“She told her confessor, some years before her death, that Mr. Thomson (Blackburn), a former confessor of hers, who ended his days by martyrdom in 1586, had promised her, that if God should make him worthy of that glorious end he would pray for her, that she might obtain the like happiness”(Challoner, from Champney's MS. History).67.Francis Page, S.J., suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1602, for his Priesthood.68.These words are given in the MS. in English.69.Roger Filcock, S.J.,aliasArthur, executed for his Priesthood, with Mark Barkworth,aliasLambert, O.S.B., and Ann Line, at Tyburn, Feb. 27, 1601.70.John Jones,aliasBuckley, suffered at St. Thomas' Watering, July 12, 1598; and Robert Drury at Tyburn, Feb. 26, 1607, for being Priests in England.71.Tres valedictiones mundo datæ a tribus in diverso statu morientibus (MS.).72.Qualis vita, finis ita (MS.).73.“Morbum regium”(MS.). Consumption is a form of scrofula, or King's evil, and seems to be the form most likely to be brought on by the causes here mentioned. In classical Latin, however,morbus regiussignifiesjaundice; and this may be the meaning here.74.Father Bartoli, in hisInghilterra(bk. v., ch. 13), has the following passage about Father Gerard, whom he knew personally at Rome:“At his first entrance into this prison (the Clink) he procured himself a habit of the Society, and continued to wear it from that time forward, even in the face of all London when he was being taken to his different examinations; so that the people crowded to see a Jesuit in his habit, while the preachers were all the more exasperated at what they thought an open defiance of them.”Father Weston in his Narrative (Father Laurenson's copy, p. 93) gives it as one of the signs that warned Catholics that Anthony Tyrrel was wavering in his faith, that without any necessity, in the Clink prison, he would wear secular dress. His own clerical costume in prison he mentions as a matter of course.“Egressus sum sequenti die, mutato habitu in sæcularem”(p. 98).75.The Gatehouse prison, near the west end of the Abbey,“is so called of two gates, the one out of the College court towards the north, on the east side whereof was the Bishop of London's prison for clerks convict; and the other gate, adjoining the first, but towards the west, is a gaol or prison for offenders thither committed”(Stow, p. 176).76.The celebrated theologian and controversialist, Dr. Sanders, was sent as Papal Legate into Ireland by Gregory XIII. in 1579.77.Gabriel Goodman, Dean of Westminster from 1561 to 1601.78.William Atkinson, the apostate Priest, in a letter to Blackwell the Archpriest, dated Apr. 9, 1602, said that he was in prison with Father Gerard (Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 416). This man dared to offer to poison the Earl of Tyrone in a host (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 251, n. 49).79.Henry Walpole, S.J., was executed at York, April 7, 1595, for his Priesthood.80.It was Father Walpole's custom to make notes of his conferences with ministers. In the Public Record Office (Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248., n. 51) there is an interesting record in his own hand of his discussions while he was in the custody of Outlaw, the pursuivant.81.Edmund Campion, S.J., suffered at Tyburn, Dec. 1, 1581, for a pretended conspiracy at Rome and Rhemes. The Act of 27 Elizabeth (1585), which made the mere presence of a Priest in England high treason, had not yet been passed.82.This was said, of course, because it was dangerous to mention the names of any friends who were still at liberty. It could do no harm to mention those already in prison.83.Domestic, Eliz., vol. 262, n. 123.84.As he supposed.Erased.85.Denieth that.Erased.86.Denieth that.Erased.87.Thinketh that somesubstituted forknoweth who.88.Caresubstituted forcharge.89.Maintenance of, &c,interlined.90.The name ... personinterlined in place ofto whom.91.By what namesubstituted forto whom.92.The spelling in those days was simply reckless. Father Gerard signs this Examination“Jhon Gerrard;”it is endorsed“Jo. Jerrard;”and Sir Edward Coke's note on it is“Jarrard.”It becomes difficult to know how to print proper names;e.g., Campion or Campian, Persons or Parsons, Garnet or Garnett, Ouldcorne or Oldcorn. In the Narrative of the Gunpowder Plot the form of name is adopted that is most prevalent in the autograph from which it is printed.93.On the back of a playing card (the seven of spades), which is attached to the original document, is written in Sir Edward Coke's handwriting:“Polewhele 1Walpole 1PatCullen 1Annias 31Willms 1SquierJarrard 1.”Polewhele, Patrick Cullen or O'Collun, Williams, and Squire were all executed for high treason, the latter on the accusation of having, at Father Walpole's instigation, poisoned the pommel of Elizabeth's saddle. Annias apostatized after two years' imprisonment.94.Scirpicula quaedam duo vel tria ex juncis facta (MS.). It is not easy to understand exactly what these were.95.Father Gerard's great stature could not be more clearly indicated. This would of course involve a greater weight of body, and consequently greater severity in this mode of torture.“Erat enim,”says Father More, in his History,“pleno et procero corpore.”96.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 547.97.Ibid.,Angl. A., vol. ii., n. 27; P., vol. ii., f. 604.98.Ibid.,P., vol. ii., f. 548.99.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 601.100.These arguments are purposely omitted in this place, and they are reserved for insertion later, when we propose to examine into the morality of the answers made by Father Gerard and others in their judicial interrogations.101.We find from an extract of one of Father Garnett's letters in the Stonyhurst MSS. that this gentleman's name was Arden.“Oct. 8, 1597. Upon St. Francis' day at night broke out of the Tower one Arden and Mr. Gerard the Jesuit. There is yet no inquiry after him”(P., vol. ii., f. 548). Father Bartoli, also, and Father More mention Arden as the name of Father Gerard's companion. Francis Arden was committed to the Tower, Feb. 22, 1584. He was probably a relation of Edward Arden, who was hanged Dec. 23, 1583,“protesting his innocence of every charge, and declaring that his only crime was the profession of the Catholic religion”(Rishton'sDiary in the Tower).102.The number of piers in Old London Bridge was so large, and offered so great an obstruction to the water, that it was always a service of danger to pass under the arches while the tide was running, and often the river formed a regular cataract at this part.103.The distance would be something over half a mile.104.Our readers will remember that at this time each side of the bridge was lined with houses, which looked sheer down into the river.105.Oct. 4, 1597, says Father Bartoli (Inghilterra, p. 426) quoting Father Garnett's letter of Oct. 8.106.Quod differtur, non aufertur (MS.).107.This may very likely be White Webbs in Enfield Chase.108.Atkinson was not always so unsuccessful. Sir Robert Cecil endorsed the letter quoted in a former note,“Atkinson's letter, the Priest that discovered Tychburn and was brought me by Mr. Fouler.”Thomas Tichburn suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1601, for his Priesthood.109.The Knight Marshal had jurisdiction within the precincts of the Court, that is, twelve miles from the lodging of the Sovereign, even on a progress, though not a chase. The Marshalsea was the prison originally attached to the King's house, and at first was intended only for the committal of persons accused of offences within the jurisdiction of the Knight Marshal. It stood in High-street, Southwark, on the south side, between King-street and Mermaid-court, over against Union-street (Cunningham'sHandbook of London, p. 316). Queen Elizabeth's Knight Marshal was Sir Thomas Gerard, already mentioned as created by King James Lord Gerard of Gerard's Bromley.110.About this time Father Garnett thought of sending Father Gerard out of England, evidently from fear lest, owing to his zeal, he should be recaptured and be still more hardly dealt with, for on March 31, 1598, he wrote to Rome, probably to Father Persons:“Father Gerard is much dismayed this day when I wrote to him to prepare himself to go. He came to me of purpose. Indeed he is very profitable to me, and his going would be wondered at. I hope he will walk warily enough.... You know my mind; if you think it good, I desire his stay. All the rest are well”(Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 551).111.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 233, n. 3.112.“He was sent to Tournay for his Noviceship in 1594, and towards the end of his second year over-application had so injured his head that he had to be forbidden to use any kind of prayer. Sent to recruit in his native air, he passed through Holland on his way to England. At Flushing he was taken by some English soldiers. The letter he was carrying showing who he was, they threatened him with torture unless he would say who had brought him over from Rotterdam. He was ready to confess anything about himself, but he would say nothing of any one else; so, instead of offering, as he had hoped to do that day, the Sacrifice of the Body of Christ, he offered that of his own, to undergo anything rather than injure others. They hung him up by the hands to a pulley, and then tortured him by twisting a sailor's rope round his head. During the torture he fixed his mind on the eternity of either pain or joy, and uttered nothing but‘O eternity!’The harm the soldiers tried to do him turned out a remedy; for the head-ache and singing in the head, from which he had suffered in the Noviceship, diminished from that time and gradually ceased. He was taken to London in custody and committed to Bridewell, where his cell was an utterly unfurnished turret. He bed was the brick floor and a little straw, till he was helped by the care and charity of his Catholic fellow-prisoners, and of our Father Gerard. The latter, who was in the Clink, kept up a secret correspondence with him, and came to his help both with his advice and money. After about seven months he succeeded in making his escape through the tiling, together with two other Priests and seven laymen”(Father More,Historia Provinciæ, l. viii., c. 23).113.The confession of Ralph Myller (9 Oct. 1584) gives us an insight into the late Lord Vaux's London house:“This examinant did afterwards meet one Robert Browne, who hath an uncle a Priest with the Lord Vaux, who is a little man with white head, and a little brown hair on his face, goeth in an ash-colour doublet coat and a gown faced with cony, and he was made Priest long sithence at Cambray as this examinate thinketh. This examinant spoke with the Lord Vaux and with his lady at Hackney, after that his son, Mr. George, and the said Robert Browne had told him that this examinant was a tailor of Rhemes; and on Sunday was fortnight this examinant did hear Mass there, whereat were present about xviii. persons, being my lord's household, and the Priest last before named said the Mass. The said Priest lieth in a chamber beyond the hall, on the left hand the stair that leadeth to the chambers, and the Mass is said in the chapel, being right over the port entering into the hall; and the way into it is up the stair aforesaid, on the left hand, at the further end of the gallery: and there is a very fair crucifix of silver”(P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 173, n. 64).114.Anne Vaux and Eleanor, widow of Edward Brooksby, daughters of William third Lord Vaux, by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John Beaumont of Gracedieu, in Leicestershire, Esq. The mother of George Vaux was Mary, sister of Sir Thomas Tresham, of Rushton, in Northamptonshire, Knight.115.Sir Christopher Hatton, who died childless, November 21, 1591, had built a country house at Stoke Pogis, Bucks (Campbell'sLives of the Chancellors, 3rd edit., vol. ii., p. 180).116.Patrem Pulvium (MS.). We give the English form of the name on the authority of Dr. Oliver, in hisCollectanea, s.v. Pullen.117.In the Public Record Office there is a letter, dated July 22, 1599, purporting to be from Francis Cordale to his partner Balthasar Gybels, at Antwerp, which says,“I wrote to you of one Mr. Heywood's house searched and a man there taken. I have learned his name since to be John Lilly. He is sent to the Tower upon suspicion of helping Gerard the Jesuit out of the same place”(Domestic, Eliz., vol. 271, n. 107).118.Tali loco qui vocaturSpitell(MS). Spitalfields, a district without Bishopsgate, once belonged to the Priory and Hospital of St. Mary Spital, founded in 1197, in the parish of St. Botolph (Cunningham'sHandbook of London, p. 463).119.John Lilly entered the Society Feb. 2, 1602, æt. 37 (Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 429).120.In the margin of the MS. is written“Digbæus,”in the same hand as the text.121.George Abbot was appointed Dean of Winton in 1559, in 1609 Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, from which in about a month he was translated to London, and thence in 1611 to Canterbury. In July, 1621, as he was shooting at a deer with a cross-bow, he shot the keeper, for which King James gave him a dispensation. In 1627 he was sequestered from his office, and his metropolitan jurisdiction put into commission, but about a year after he was restored. He died at Croydon, Aug. 4, 1633, æt. 71.122.Richard de Burgh, commonly called Richard of Kinsale, from his conduct at that place, Baron of Dunkellin, succeeded his father as fourth Earl of Clanricarde, May 20, 1601. He was subsequently made Earl of St. Albans, and died Nov. 12, 1635. He married Frances, daughter and heiress of Sir Francis Walsyngham, Knight, widow of Robert second Earl of Essex. She died in 1632. Thus Walsyngham's only child became a Catholic.123.Qui nunc in rure est (MS.). An evident mistake of the copyist for“in turre,”as is clear from a former passage, where Father Gerard says,“Father Thomas Strange is at present suffering imprisonment in the Tower of London, where he has had to undergo many grievous tortures, and a long solitary confinement. This solitude indeed, if we look only to his natural disposition, cannot but be very irksome and oppressive to him; butheis not solitary who has God always present with him, consoling him, and supplying in an eminent degree and full abundance all those comforts which we are wont to go begging for from creatures.”124.Sir Ambrose Vaux, Prior of St. John of Jerusalem.125.This name is written“Lathuilli”in the MS. English names frequently suffer at the hands of this copyist. We have restored the true name by the aid of Dr. Oliver'sCollectanea.126.Father Gerard here gives a summary of his Narrative of the Gunpowder Plot.127.In a letter addressed by Father Ouldcorne to the Council, dated March 25, 1606, in which he relates all that had passed in the Tower between Father Garnett and himself, but in a way that could not be hurtful to either, the following passage occurs.“Also Mr. Garnett told me that while he was in the Gatehouse he received a note written in orange (but he told me not from whom) whereby he understood that Father Tesimond was gone over sea, and that Father Gerard would presently follow him after he had recovered a little more strength:‘whereby’(said Garnett)‘I gather he hath been lately in some secret place, as we were; but by this I hope he hath recovered his strength, and is also past over the sea’”(P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 214).128.Both Father Bartoli and Father More remark that Father Gerard was admitted to the solemn vows of a Professed Father by a special favour, as his learning, owing to the short course of study through which he had passed, fell short of that which the Society requires as a condition of Profession. Father Bartoli says that this“most rare but most just privilege”was conferred on him,“as virtue, in which he exceeded the standard, supplied for the studies in which he fell short of it”(Inghilterra, p. 586).129.Bartoli,Inghilterra, pp. 586, 592.130.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 111.131.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 68, n. 67, and vol. 71, n. 24; Chamberlain to Carleton.132.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 70, nn. 25, 46, 55; dated August 3, 12, and 20, 1612.133.P. R. O.,Sign. Man., vol. iii., n. 6.134.Rymer'sFœdera, t. xviii., f. 44.135.P. R. O.,Proclamation Book, p. 121.136.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 165, n. 21.137.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 18, n. 19.138.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 47, n. 96.139.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 16, n. 88; vol. 18, n. 4.140.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 18, n. 19.141.Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 586.142.Hist. Prov., lib. vii., n. 43, p. 339.143.Archives of the English College at Rome,Scritture, vol. 30; 1632.144.Stonyhurst MSS., Father Grene'sMiscell. de Coll. Angl., p. 19.145.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 70.146.More,Hist. Prov., lib. vii., cap. 3, p. 291.147.More,Hist. Prov., lib. viii., n. 8, p. 355.148.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 5.149.This is Father Thomas Laithwaite, also called Kensington (More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 1, p. 391;suprap.clxxvi).150.In 1617, Sir Thomas Leeds was Prefect and Sir Ralph Babthorpe Secretary of the Congregation of the Blessed Virgin at Louvain (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 47). A considerable number of Catholic families had settled in Louvain, and in 1614 they were disturbed by a summons to appear in England under pain of losing their possessions. On a remonstrance being made by the Spanish Ambassador, King James disclaimed the summons, on which the magistrates of Louvain expelled the pursuivant from the town (More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 10, p. 406).151.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 6.152.The Archduke Albert, Governor of Flanders.153.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 7.154.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 17.155.Ibid., n. 22.156.Father Gerard bought a house and ten acres of land; and the price was less than“200l.in present money and the rent of 30l.with which the house and grounds are already charged, which then we may redeem by little and little, as we get friends to buy it out”(Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 23). As the rent could be redeemed at fifteen years' purchase, the whole price was thus under 650l.157.More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. II, p. 406.158.“Sir Basil Brooke telleth that our German friend is very well at his house, and in protection of the King, that Canterbury has used him very kindly, and entreated him, as one whose scholarship is famous, to make use of his library [as] it shall please him.”Father Silisdon to Father Owen, August 25, 1614. Endorsed by Father Owen—“Sir Geo. Talbott well entertained by K. and Cant.”(Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 17).159.More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 15, p. 414.160.Ibid., pp. 415, 424. Maximilian had two sons by his second wife, Mary Anne of Austria, when he was over 60 years of age, and the eldest he named Ignatius.161.The Priory of Watten, with its revenue of 3000 florins of Brabant, was transferred to the Society in 1611 by James Blase, O. S. F., Bishop of St. Omers. The proposal had been approved of by the King of Spain in 1604, and by Pope Paul V. in 1607, but the jealousy of the English felt by the Archduke Albert delayed the establishment of an English Novitiate there till his death in 1622 (More,Hist. Prov., lib. vii., nn. 5-7, lib. ix., n. 17, pp. 294-298, 416).162.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 20.163.They soon increased in numbers, for in 1617 Father More says there was a Community at Liége of 45, of whom 30 were Novices (p. 424).164.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 29.165.Ibid., n. 23.166.Infrap.110.167.Stonyhurst, MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 29.168.Ibid., n. 31.169.Ibid., vol. iii., n. 107.170.This would appear to be a mention of the death of the“son and brother of an Earl,”Sir Everard Digby's great friend, who was converted when holding some office in personal attendance on King James, and, after his conversion, received the King's leave to go to Italy (suprap.clxvi.). The intermediate link is furnished in Father Gerard's letter to Father Aquaviva, Louvain, August 17, 1612 (Stonyhurst MSS., Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 111).“Now at length our friend Oliver has passed over from Paris to England, for the Treasurer is gone, his and all good men's enemy.”[Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, died May 24, 1612]“and others are about to succeed him, who, as we hope, entertain for Oliver an ancient and particular affection. Besides, his eldest brother is dead, and the second brother left inheritor of all the honours and wealth, so that a manifold occasion is offered to this our friend of helping himself in temporal affairs, and others to some extent in spiritual and greater goods. Summoned by his family he has left in haste, humbly asking your Paternity's benediction; in the efficacy of which he disregards all that heretical fury or perverse malice can invent against him. The King is going this summer to his brother the new Earl's castle, to remain there awhile for hunting. Perhaps Oliver will take that occasion of presenting himself to the King, who liked him when he was in his service before he entered the service of God, and whom he has never offended in anything, except in choosing to be an abject in the House of God, rather than to dwell in the tabernacles of men.”We have here the necessary data for determining that the convert in question was Sir Oliver Manners, fourth son of John fourth Earl of Rutland, knighted at Belvoir Castle, April 22, 1603, by James I. on his coming from Scotland. The eldest brother Roger, fifth Earl, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Sidney, and died without issue, June 26, 1612, when he was succeeded by his brother Francis.171.Father Edward Coffin was Confessor of the English College for nearly twenty years. He was succeeded by Father Gerard, who held the same office for the last fifteen years of his life.172.Dr. Oliver has misread this date 1611. Cardinal Bellarmine was born October 4, 1542, so that he would be in his seventy-seventh year in 1618-9.173.Dr. Oliver says that Father Silisdon succeeded Father Gerard as Rector and Master of Novices in 1620, and transferred the Novitiate to Watten in 1622. Father More (Hist. Prov., p. 416) may certainly so be understood, but it is clear from theFlorus Anglo-Bavaricus(p. 11) that Father Gerard was Rector in March, 1622, and that the transfer to Watten took place in 1625. And in the Archives of the English College at Rome (Scritture, vol. 30), in a notice of him written in 1632, he is said to have been Rector of the English Noviceship at Liége for eight years.174.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 532.175.Fiat in me, de me et per me, et circa me, sanctissima et dulcissima voluntas Tua, in omnibus et per omnia, nunc et semper ac in æternum. Amen (MS.).176.An allusion, no doubt, to one of the Belgian Sanctuaries of our Blessed Lady, perhaps that at Montaigu.177.Stonyhurst MSS., Father Grene'sMiscell. de Coll. Angl., p. 19, quoting“Baines his diary.”178.Suprap.xxi.179.Suprap.cxl.180.Infrap.244.181.Apologia pro Vita sua, by John Henry Newman, D.D. London, 1864, p. 418. The reader's attention is earnestly called to Dr. Newman's treatment of this subject, both at the page quoted, and in the Appendix, p. 72. To the Protestant authors quoted above may be added Mr. Froude (History of England, vol. ii., ch. vi., p. 57, note).“It seems obvious that a falsehood of this sort is different in kind from what we commonly mean by unveracity, and has no affinity with it.... Rahab of Jericho did the same thing which Dalaber did”[a Protestant, who gave false answers and swore to them, to save Garret, his fellow]“and on that very ground was placed in the catalogue of Saints.”182.Suprap.li.183.Suprap.lxviii.184.Suprap.lxxxii.185.Suprap.cxiv.186.Ostendi non esse hoc falsum dicere (MS.).187.This was the wretched Anne Bellamy, a young Catholic gentlewoman, who for some overbold denunciation of the persecutors was given into the custody of the ruffian Topcliffe, and was so deeply depraved by him, as to be brought to the almost incredible infamy of serving as his tool to inveigle and betray Priests.188.In subornatâ gubernatione Reipublicæ (MS.). There is clearly some blunder here. Probably we ought to read“subordinatâ;”yet, even so, the phrase is not very intelligible. We have judged of the sense intended, by the context.189.Sir Walter Scott's words have been often quoted, and they are fair specimens of what an honourable man considers lawful. As they were no hasty and unconsidered expressions, they are deserving of insertion in this place. Lockhart calls them“a style of equivoque which could never seriously be misunderstood.”To John Murray Scott wrote:“I give you heartily joy of the success of the Tales, although I do not claim that paternal interest in them which my friends do me the credit to assign me. I assure you I have never read a volume of them until they were printed, and can only join with the rest of the world in applauding the true and striking portraits which they present of old Scottish manners. I do not expect implicit reliance to be placed on my disavowal, because I know very well that he who is disposed not to own a work must necessarily deny it, and that otherwise his secret would be at the mercy of all who choose to ask the question, since silence in such a case must always pass for consent, or rather assent. But I have a mode of convincing you that I am perfectly serious in my denial—pretty similar to that by which Solomon distinguished the fictitious from the real mother—and that is, by reviewing the work, which I take to be an operation equal to that of quartering the child.”And, in a letter written two years later, he says:“I own I did mystify Mrs. —— a little about the report you mention; and I am glad to hear the finesse succeeded. She came up to me with a great overflow of gratitude for the delight and pleasure, and so forth, which she owed to me on account of these books. Now, as she knew very well that I had never owned myself the author, this was notpolitepoliteness, and she had no right to force me up into a corner and compel me to tell her a word more than I chose, upon a subject which concerned no one but myself—and I have no notion of being pumped by any old dowager Lady of Session, male or female. So I gave in dilatory defences, under protestation to add and eik; for I trust, in learning a new slang, you have not forgot the old. In plain words, I denied the charge, and as she insisted to know who elsecouldwrite these novels, I suggested Adam Fergusson as a person having all the information and capacity necessary for that purpose. But the inference that hewasthe author was of her own deducing; and thus ended her attempt, notwithstanding her having primed the pump with a good dose of flattery”(Lockhart'sMemoirs of Sir Walter Scott, 1844, pp. 338, 389).190.We translate partly from Bartoli,Inghilterra, lib. v., c. 9, and partly from More,Hist. Prov., lib. v., c. 29.191.Father Bartoli here asks us to contrast the pious horror expressed by the officials at Father Southwell's doctrine with the fact related by Father Gerard (suprap.lxvii.) of the magistrate Young swearing on the Scriptures to what he knew to be false, that Father Southwell had expressed a desire to confer with a Protestant minister with the view of abandoning the Catholic faith.192.This last consideration applies, of course, not to the general question of equivocation (for in that case it would involve apetitio principii), but to the sub-question whether supposing a simple equivocation lawful (i.e., allowing it to be no violation of veracity in some cases), it could ever be lawful to add to it the confirmation of an oath. Father Southwell maintains reasonably, that whatever it is lawful to say, it is lawful also to swear to, provided the other conditions for an oath are present.193.Infrap.244.194.Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 217A.195.Cowetry (MS.). If this word is read thus correctly, it is a curious proof of the antiquity of the phrase“being sent to Coventry.”196.“One necessary condition,”says Father Garnett in another paper (P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 20, n. 2),“required in every law is that it be just. For if this condition be wanting, that the law be unjust, then is itipso factovoid and of no force, neither hath it any power to oblige any. And this is a maxim, not only of divines, but of Aristotle and all philosophers. Hereupon ensueth that no power on earth can forbid or punish any action which we are bound unto by the law of God, which is the true pattern of all justice. So that the laws against recusants, against receiving of Priests, against confession, against Mass, or other rites of Catholic religion, are to be esteemed as no laws by such as steadfastly believe these to be necessary observances of the true religion.“Likewise Almighty God hath absolute right for to send His preachers of His Gospel to any place in the world.‘Euntes decete omnes gentes.’So that the law against Priests coming into the realm sincerely to preach, is no law, and those that are put to death by virtue of that decree are verily martyrs because they die for the preaching of true religion.“Being asked what I meant by true treason, I answer that that is a true treason which is made treason by any just law, and that is no treason at all which is made treason by an unjust law.”197.Dodd'sChurch History, ed. Tierney, vol. iv., p. 44, note.198.History of England, ed. 1849, vol. vii., p. 44.199.Suprap.clxii.200.Suprapp.clxxiv.,clxxvii.201.Suprap.clxxvi.202.Faulks' confession, P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 54.203.Infrap.59.204.In the King's own hand. P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 17.205.Calendar of State Papers, by M. E. Green. James I., 1603-10, p. 247.206.P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 164.207.Dodd'sChurch History, by Tierney, vol. iv., p. cii.208.Vol. viii., p. 543.209.Tierney'sDodd, vol. iv., p. cv. The original letter is now in the archives of the Archbishop of Westminster.210.Vol. iii., p. 37, note.211.Tierney's Dodd, vol. iv., p. cvi.212.Vol. vii., p. 542.213.See Narrative,infrap.79.214.Domestic, James I., vol. xviii., n. 35.215.Suprap.clxxix;infrap.208216.Here the paper is torn, and three or four words are consequently illegible.217.Inghilterra, lib. vi., cap. 6, p. 513.218.He was then Confessor in the English College at Rome.219.Lib. vii., n. 44, p. 339.220.Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 92.221.Inghilterra, pp. 510, 512.222.Bartoli,Inghilterra, lib. vi., c. 6, p. 510.223.History of England, ed. 1849, vol. vii., p. 549.224.There is a letter extant from Father Blount, the Provincial, to the General, dated Feb. 10, 1632, which has been understood to relate to the accusation against Father Gerard, or to a similar accusation against some other member of the Society. It must, however, relate to some other matter, as it says,“Vivit enim adhuc author ipse criminis,”and that the alleged offence took place five years before the entrance into the Society of the Father in question.225.Oliver'sCollectanea S. J.226.Father Martin Grene wrote a letter (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. v., n. 69) to his brother, January 1, 1665, addressed,“for Mr. Christopher Grene, at Hilton”[Hilton,i.e., Hill-town, meant Rome, as in the same languagecustomerwas the Archpriest,physicianswere Priests,workmen, secular Priests,journeymen, Jesuits, &c.]. His brother had asked him to give what help he could to Father Bartoli. Speaking of the Gunpowder Plot, he says,“I had once occasion to inform myself of that history, and I found none better than the two books of Eudæmon Johannes, the oneAd actionem Edouardi Coqui Apologia pro P. Hen. Garnetto, the other,Parallelus Torti ac Tortoris. Though the things be there spread and scattered, yet they are (if collected) very pertinent to clear Father Garnett and ours; for example, among other things this is one, that the traitors had among themselves made an oath that they would never speak of their designs to any Priests, because they knew they would not allow of it; also, that they were specially offended with the Jesuits for preaching patience and submission. There are divers other circumstances which manifestly excuse ours. I had a relation made me by one of ours who had it in Civil [Seville], which clearly shows that the whole Plot was of Cecil's making; but it being only told by an old man, who forgot both times and persons, I believe I shall never make use of it. Yet I have heard strange things, which, if ever I can make out, will be very pertinent. For certain the late Bishop of Armagh, Usher, was divers times heard to say that if Papists knew what he knew, the blame of the Gunpowder Treason would not lie on them. And other things I have heard, which, if I can find grounded, I hope to make good use of. It may be if you write Civil to my brother Frank, he will, or somebody else there, give you some light in this business.”227.This Philip Beaumont was Father Oswald Tesimond,aliasGreenway, (More,Hist. Prov., l. vii., n. 40, p. 336).228.For our translation we are indebted to the pen of Father Kingdon. Portions of it have appeared in theMonth, and, rendered into French by Father Forbes, in theEtudes Théologiquesat Paris.229.Collectanea M, f. 52 h.230.“For whom He foreknew, He also predestinated to be made conformable to the image of His Son”(Rom. viii. 29).231.“If we be dead with Him, we shall also live with him: if we suffer, we shall also reign with Him”(2 Tim. ii. 11).232.“As you are partakers of the sufferings, so shall you be also of the consolation”(2 Cor. i. 7).233.“The flesh of Thy saints and the blood of them they have shed round about Jerusalem, and there was none to bury them”(1 Mach. vii. 17).234.“They were stoned, they were cut asunder, ... they were put to death by the sword, they wandered about in sheep-skins,”&c. (Heb. xi. 37).235.“No man cometh to the Father but by Me”(St. John xiv. 6).236.“Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and so to enter into His glory?”(St. Luke xxiv. 26).237.“You shall lament and weep, but the world shall rejoice, and you shall be made sorrowful.... In the world you shall have distress”(St. John xvi. 20, 33).238.“And your joy no man shall take from you”(St. John xvi. 22).239.“The gates of hell shall not prevail”(St. Matt. xvi. 18).240.“A great tempest arose in the sea, so that the boat was covered with waves”(St. Matt. viii. 24).241.“There came down a storm of wind upon the lake, and they were filled and were in danger”(St. Luke viii. 23).242.“I sleep and My Heart watcheth”(Cant. v. 2).243.“Stones, polished smooth by blow and pressure, are fitted together each in place by workman's hand, and set in order, ever to abide in the sacred fane.”244.The passages in this Preface enclosed in brackets are alterations in the original MS. made in another but contemporary handwriting. The erasures in the original are given in the footnotes.—Ed.245.I say.Orig.246.Such a Lord and so true and liberal a paymaster.Orig.247.Whip.Orig.248.To be inflamed.Orig.249.“For I mean not that others should be eased and you burthened, but by an equality. In this present time let your abundance supply their want, that their abundance also may supply your want”(2 Cor. viii. 13, 14).250.“Take unto you the armour of God, that you may be able to resist in the evil day and to stand in all things perfect”(Ephes. vi. 13).251.Catholics.Orig.252.For.Orig.253.Contrary party.Orig.254.Actors.Orig.255.Until the whole matter was plotted and prepared and had been without doubt.Orig.256.This discourse following.Orig.257.But the contrary from.Orig.258.But.Orig.259.“True justice hath compassion, but that which is false indignation.”260.Should.Orig.261.No impatience but zeal.Orig.262.Desperate.Orig.263.“Let us all die in our innocency, and heaven and earth shall be witnesses for us that you put us to death wrongfully.”“If we shall all do as our brethren have done, and not fight against the heathen for our lives and our justifications, they will now quickly root us out of the earth.”1 Mach. ii. 37, 40.264.But said one to another.Orig.265.This might seem to have come into their minds if we shall judge.Orig.266.That they will follow the rule of the Apostle, saying,“Fratres, si præoccupatus fuerit homo in aliquo delicto, vos qui spirituales estis hujusmodi instruite in spiritu lenitatis.”This is not to condemn them severely, to cry out against them, to inveigh bitterly against the men and their minds and intentions whatsoever: oh no,“in spiritu lenitatis,”saith the Apostle. We that be Catholics in England do all with one voice grant the fact to be evil, we neither did nor would for a world have concurred with the action; but we pity the persons whom we knew to be otherwise wise and circumspect as any they left behind them; yea, devout and zealous men as any one shall see in a kingdom, and divers of them of so tender consciences that they would not to save their life have deceived their neighbour of a penny, or wittingly have admitted the least offence to God.Orig.267.Not only“in the sun and dust”but“in blood”also and“many wounds.”268.“Bear ye one another's burdens, and so you shall fulfil the law of Christ”Gal. vi. 2.269.“The abomination of desolation standing in the holy place”(St. Matt. xxiv. 15).270.“Cæsar's friend”(St. John xix. 12).271.“I wished myself to be an anathema from Christ for my brethren”(Rom. ix. 3).272.“Of whom the world was not worthy”(Heb. xi. 31).273.“Lift up your heads because your redemption is at hand”(St. Luke xxi. 25).274.“The son of such great merits could not perish.”275.The passage within brackets is erased in the original.276.Sir Thomas Gerard.Erased in orig.277.Sir Thomas Gerard.Erased in orig.278.Underlinedin orig.probably for erasure.279.This whole paragraph is marked in the original.280.Were first beat till they cried, and then beaten for crying.Erased in orig.281.Interlined80 crownsand in another hand88 at least.282.“I will search Jerusalem with lamps”(Soph. i. 12).283.“For if in the green wood they do these things, what shall be done in the dry?”(St. Luke xxiii. 31).284.“For the time is that judgment should begin at the house of God. And if first at us, what shall be the end of them that believe not the Gospel of God?”(1 St. Peter iv. 17).285.“They have searched after iniquities: they have failed in their search ... and God shall be exalted: the arrows of children are their wounds”(Psalm lxiii. 7, 8).286.“For how can he otherwise appease his master, but with our heads?”(1 Kings xxix. 4).287.“Knowest thou not that it is dangerous to drive people to despair?”(2 Kings ii. 28).288.“The whole head is sick and the whole heart is sad”(Isaias i. 5).289.“Who hath not forsaken them that hope in Him”(Judith xiii. 17).290.“Who will not suffer you to be tempted above that which you are able, but will make also with temptation issue, that you may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13).291.“Who after you have suffered a little, will Himself perfect you and confirm you and establish you”(1 St. Peter v. 10).292.“She reacheth from end to end mightily and ordereth all things sweetly”(Wisd. viii. 1).293.“We must not do evil that good may come.”294.Where this kind of mark ¶ is found, my meaning is to have a new line begin.Orig. in marg.295.“Eructare verbum malum.”Orig.296.“That, as the right of hand to hand defence is of the Natural Law, the Superior cannot take it away, or enjoin the contrary.”297.“For they that will become rich, fall into temptation, and into the snare of the devil”(1 Tim. vi. 9).298.“Though we be cast into bonds as evil doers, and be brought before Kings and rulers as not being Cæsar's friends.”299.“Can peace be hurtful to religion?”300.“We have received your letters and accept them with all the reverence due to His Holiness and your Paternity. For my part four times up to the present I have hindered disturbances. Nor is there any doubt that we can prevent all public taking up of arms, as it is certain that many Catholics would never attempt anything of this sort without our consent, except under the pressure of a great necessity. But two things make us very anxious. The first is lest some in some one province should fly to arms, and that then very necessity should compel others to like courses. For there are not a few who will not be kept back by a mere prohibition of His Holiness. There were some who dared to ask, when Pope Clement was alive, whether the Pope could prohibit their defending their lives. They further say that no Priest shall know their secrets; and of us by name even some friends complain that we put an obstacle in the way of their plans. Now to soften these in some way, and at least to gain time, that by delay some fitting remedy may be applied, we have advised them that by common consent they should send some one to the Holy Father, which they have done, and I have sent him into Flanders to the Nuncio, that he may commend him to His Holiness, and I have sent by him letters explaining their opinions and the reasons on both sides. These letters are written at some length, as they will be carried very safely. And this for the first danger. The other is somewhat worse, for the danger is lest secretly some treason or violence be shown to the King, and so all Catholics may be compelled to take arms. Wherefore, in my judgment, two things are necessary: first, that His Holiness should prescribe what in any case is to be done; and then, that he should forbid any force of arms to the Catholics under censures, and by Brief publicly promulgated, an occasion for which can be taken from the disturbance lately raised in Wales, which has at length come to nothing. It remains that as all things are daily becoming worse, we should beseech His Holiness soon to give a necessary remedy for these great dangers, and we ask his blessing and that of your Paternity.”301.This date is an interlineation. Father Gerard has not noticed that the passage“I have a letter from Field,”&c., is taken from the PS. of this letter, and that the PS. bears date 21 Octobris. For this omission he has been severely blamed by Mr. Tierney.—Ed.302.“Hitherto thou shalt come, and shalt go no further, and here thou shalt break thy swelling waves”(Job xxxviii. 11).303.“All that take the sword, shall perish with the sword”(St. Matt. xxvi. 52).304.“Lest perhaps gathering up the cockle, you root up the wheat also together with it”(St. Matt. xiii. 29).305.“Every best gift and every perfect is from above”(St. James i. 17).306.Is above 60.Erased in Orig.307.Neither friends to their persons, nor friends to their religion.Erased in Orig.308.But this bruit, indeed, had been the likeliest way to increase their number by the resort of other Catholics from other countries, if the fact itself had not disliked other Catholics, and their minds had not been well prepared beforehand to refuse all such attempts by the persuasion of Father Garnett and others by his direction, according to the order sent from His Holiness and the like commandment also from Father General and Father Persons, as before hath been declared.Erased in Orig.309.But expecting belike that divers Catholic gentlemen of those countries (where there be very many, and some of great worth and large estates) should have come unto them. And Mr. Thomas Winter was sent unto one of the greatest (whose daughter Mr. Robert Winter aforesaid had married), but he caused his gates to be shut against him and would not so much as hear him speak. And yet the said gentleman was afterward in great trouble and had like to have lost all his estate, as bearing good-will unto them.Erased in Orig. The lines of erasure extend over the following sentence also.310.This must be in.Orig. in marg.311.Compare the German“Lohe,”a flame. Some English dictionaries give“Low,”a local and obsolete word, with the same meaning.—Ed.312.He also protested there was no more the conspiracy than those who had there published themselves by that public rising in arms.Erased in Orig.This is not good to be in, because of Mr. Tresham, who was one, and not with them.In marg. in another hand.313.If he lived so many days, he should have carried from that place and examined, etc.In marg. in yet another hand.314.And got to some friends' houses, where they lived safe for a month or more, but afterwards were discovered and taken.Erased in Orig.315.Let all this be in and stand for the end of this chapter, until you come to that which is blotted out.Orig. in marg.316.This must be in.Orig. in marg.317.All unto this place must be in.Orig. in marg.They affirmed constantly there were no other conspirators than were taken. And as for Priests, they did both then and at their death protest there was none in the action, insomuch that it was generally voiced and believed through England that there was no Priest accused or could be touched with the treason, which gave generally great satisfaction both to Catholics and others. And so in right it should still have continued; but the Puritans did much envy that they should be free from blame, upon whom they wished rather that all might light. And therefore they began to practise and work the contrary opinion, first in the King, and afterwards in public show unto the country, as shall afterwards appear.Erased in Orig.318.Who had much laboured to possess the King with that opinion as being most for their advantage.Erased in Orig.319.By which we may gather that their grief and motives were chiefly for the common cause, as was gathered before out of their own words and protestations.Erased in Orig.320.Concerning his opinion of his Catholic subjects.Erased in Orig.321.Upon this occasion of the disobedience in these few gentlemen.Erased in Orig.322.“Without faith it is impossible to please God”(Hebr. xi. 6).323.“For other foundation no man can lay but that which is laid”(1 Cor. iii. 11).324.“Which unless every one shall believe faithfully and firmly, he cannot be saved: and unless a man shall keep it whole and inviolate, without doubt he will perish for ever.”325.“The pillar and ground of the truth”(1 Tim. iii. 15).326.“My people have been silent because they had no knowledge; because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will reject thee”(Osee iv. 6).327.“Open thy mouth wide and I will fill it”(Ps. lxxx. 11).328.“A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can an evil tree bring forth good fruit”(St. Matt. vii. 18).329.“Not serving to the eye ... but ... as to the Lord”(Col. iii. 22, 23; Eph. vi. 6).330.“The pride of them that hate Thee ascendeth continually”(Ps. lxxiii. 23).331.Father William Weston was known by this name.—Ed.332.To be lions within when they seem lambs without.Erased in Orig.333.Bates was a very honest and devout man.Orig. in marg. in another hand.334.Poor.Erased in Orig.335.Earl of Suffolk.Erased in Orig.336.Of his ordinary abode.Erased in Orig.337.So that you are now in the King's mercy.Erased in Orig.338.And searching they will fail in their search.339.Whensoever it should please God to permit it.Erased in Orig.340.“Horribly and speedily will He appear to you, for a most severe judgment shall be for them that bear rule”(Wisd. vi. 6).341.One thing was observed by many at that time as markable in respect of the event, although the foresight were but casual, which was a prediction by one of their kind of prophets, one Gresham, a man of special fame amongst them for skill in astrology and making of almanacs, with certain predictions of events, not only of the weather, but of other accidental matters depending of man's free-will, and therefore far past his skill to divine of. Yet this man, in an almanac which he had set forth for that year of 1605, had assigned for every particular day some special event of things that should then happen. Amongst the rest, the mark which was set upon the day of the date of this proclamation, and in which it was published in London, was this,“Might against right;”which, seeing it was prepared and printed before the proclamation was thought of, it gave many cause to think that the pen of this man was guided by a better foresight than his own, and directed to set down the truth by the same power that could make the beast that Balaam rode upon to reprehend his master, and afterwards caused that covetous Prophet to bless the people of God and to foretell the truth, much against his own inclination and the intention of his coming.Erased in Orig.342.“For the anger of man worketh not the justice of God”(St. James i. 20).343.“No one can snatch them out of the hand of My Father”(St John i. 29).344.They are“delivered out of the hand of Herod, and from all the expectation of the people of the Jews”(Acts xii. 11).345.But his hour was come.346.“What will you give me?”(St. Matt. xxvi. 15).347.“What accusation bring you against”these men? (St. John xviii. 29).348.“For envy they had delivered”them (St. Matt. xxvii. 18).349.If they were not malefactors, the royal power would not have delivered them up.350.Greenway.Erased in Orig.351.“Perverting our nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar”(St. Luke xxiii. 2).352.“It is enough for the disciple that he be as his Master”(St. Matt. x. 25).353.Which was their“hour and the power of darkness”(St. Luke xxii. 53).354.If this be particularly set down in the former chapter, it may be here left out.Orig. in marg. in another hand.355.“With swords and clubs”(St. Matt. xxvi. 47).356.Into the hands of those that sought their life.357.Fed“with bread of affliction and water of distress”(3 Kings xxii. 27).358.That they may suffer together in this world, who are to reign together in the world to come.359.We“have fought a good fight,”we“have finished the course,”we“have kept the faith”(2 Tim. iv. 7).360.The crown of justice which was laid up for them, and for those also who love the coming of Christ.361.From this delation and accusation of his brother.362.Who must needs have a fling at it, because his place was not to speak much before, when the Council did examine him.Erased in Orig.363.“Their feet are swift to shed blood”(Psalm xiii. 3).364.According to the measure they have meted.365.As Job to the accusing enemy, to persecute by bloody interrogations and other vexations also, as they should find it needful, reserving his life.Erased in Orig.366.And God infatuated“the counsel of Achitophel”(2 Kings xv. 31).367.“I was in prison and you came to Me”(St. Matt. xxv. 36).368.“Which believeth all things, hopeth all things”(1 Cor. xiii. 7).369.This letter was so cunningly counterfeited that it could not be distinguished from Fr. Garnett his own hand, and it was signed also and so licensed to pass with the lieutenant his brand unto it. Yet all such necessaries as the Father writ for and the other sent were seized upon by the Lieutenant, and the Priest himself brought after in great trouble for returning this charitable answer.Erased in Orig.370.“Who had followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering unto Him”(St. Matt. xxvii. 55).371.“The world shall rejoice and you shall be made sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy ... and your joy no man shall take from you”(St. John xvi. 20, 22).372.“Woe to you that now laugh, for you shall mourn and weep”(St. Luke vi. 25).373.“The sensual man perceiveth not these things that are of the Spirit of God”(1 Cor. ii. 14).374.Which no man knoweth but he who receiveth it.375.But the time we cannot certainly learn.Erased in Orig.376.In so great a cloud of witnesses.377.To enlarge or restrain the seal of the secret.378.Being no causer of it himself, he should not have left them to themselves without seeking to divert them from their purpose; not knowing whether.Erased in Orig.379.And the confession being only of his knowledge what others had opened unto him of their intentions so long time after they had begun the practice.Erased in Orig.380.Of his knowledge thereof from him, and.Erased in Orig.381.The seal of the secret of confession.382.Ralph Ashley, for eight years Father Ouldcorne's servant, is believed, like Nicholas Owen, to have been a Lay-brother of the Society.—Ed.383.18 or 19.Erased in Orig.384.“The beginnings of sorrows”(St. Matt. xxiv. 8).385.But God“will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts”(1 Cor. iv. 5).386.Now I must set down their proceedings by course of law against the gentlemen that were the conspirators in the treason (of which I formerly treated), and this I will do in this chapter following.Erased in Orig.387.This great diligence and often iterated examinations of Father Garnett continued so long that it was almost the end of March before they could bring matters to that pass which hath been declared, and so that they might have any little show to prove the Father guilty against the laws of the realm for his only concealing of that which by the laws of God he could not reveal.Erased in Orig.388.The 27th.—Ed.389.Greeneway.Erased in Orig.390.As in the last chapter hath been declared.Erased in Orig.391.And with divers others.Erased in Orig.392.For with the same measure with which they shall have meted, it shall be measured to them again.393.And namely Fr. Gerard.Erased in Orig.394.Related in that discourse set forth by His Majesty, as I said before, was concluded of amongst themselves and.Erased in Orig.395.And that after they went into another chamber to confess and to receive the Blessed Sacrament: so that it appears most evidently by His Majesty's own narration of the conspirators their confessions that Mr. Attorney did that public audience speakordeliver, &c.Erased in Orig. The following passage in the text fromFor these be the wordstohe doth not knoware in the margin of the Orig.396.The sixth.—Ed.397.The ninth.—Ed.398.The ninth.—Ed.399.When he meant to publish those foresaid letters he had sent unto the Council, and did withal.Erased in Orig.400.That the craftsmen of death should perish by their own craft.401.As the Earl of Salisbury now is placed in.Erased in Orig.402.Of his knowledge touching Father Gerard his innocency.Erased in Orig.403.This clause may be omitted in this place, and serve better to be alleged in the last chapter.Orig. in marg.404.Who returned from the execution full of pity towards so worthy a man, yea, so full of admiration of his fortitude and great opinion of his devotion that they could talk almost of nothing else all that day.Erased in Orig.405.Here wants something.In another hand, erased in Orig.406.This sentence in the original is underlined, and marked with crosses in the margin.407.Impugn the known truth.408.In hatred of the Catholic faith.409.But the Commission was not read, which was expected as needful.Erased in Orig.410.“There is nothing hid, that shall not be revealed; nor secret that shall not be known”(St. Matt. x. 26).411.God“disappointeth the counsel of the wicked”(Job v. 13).412.Of many names but of no good name.413.Speaking signs, the testimonies of circumstances, and the confession of the accused.414.For that can never be said too often which cannot be sufficiently well learnt.415.Public praise is private blame.416.It is a mistake to use many means when a few will suffice.417.The author of an evil is more guilty than the actual perpetrator.418.The Ninth.—Ed.419.(So the Attorney, and truly it is a grief to pass forward in this narration and not to refute such absurd speeches as a man findeth therein, but if I should do so this chapter would be much too long, and it is already sufficiently done by others. He proceedeth:).Erased in Orig.The passage is in a different hand.420.“With the mouth confession is made unto salvation”(Rom. x. 10).421.While circumstances should remain as they were, and until it should be fitting to carry out the Bull.422.O well beloved of God, for whom the very air fights, and the winds conspire to come to the trumpet call.423.Prefect.Erased in Orig.424.To the Catholic Princes and Nobles of the whole Kingdom of England.425.When it shall happen that that miserable woman shall depart this life.426.Whatsoever be the nearness of blood on which his claim rests.427.Unexceptionable.428.Of a cunning and subtle wit and profound perfidy.429.Take away the faithless people from the boundaries of the Faithful, that we may joyfully give due praises unto Christ.430.This was the hymn of that time, being the Feast of All Saints, and so applied by Father Garnett to the hindrance of heretics in making heretical laws intended against Catholics.Erased in Orig.431.Thus he. But he did not know that my Lord of Salisbury would afterwards tell the case truly that it was done of policy. So we see that Mr. Attorney can add and diminish like a cunning orator.Erased in Orig.432.(Either mistaking or misreporting the state of the question).Erased in Orig.433.Loses the right of reigning.434.Dreamed of.Erased in Orig.435.His long discourse.Erased in Orig.436.“Of that day or hour no man knoweth, neither the Angels in heaven, nor the Son, but the Father”(St. Mark xiii. 32; Cf. St. Matt. xxiv. 36).437.“Go you up to this festival-day: but I go not up to this festival-day”(St. John vii. 8).438.“Then He also went up to the feast, not publicly, but as it were in private”(St. John vii. 10).439.In divinis.Erased in Orig.440.Albeit I must acknowledge.Erased in Orig.441.Long since.Erased in Orig.442.“Thou shalt gain thy brother”(St. Matt. xviii. 15).443.Upon means made unto me.Erased in Orig.444.This part may be omitted.In marg. against this sentence.445.Agreeing together against the anointed of the Lord (Vid.Psalm ii. 2).446.Indirect.Erased in Orig.447.Not to prohibit when possible, is to order.448.This may be left out.In marg.449.Which was indeed.Erased in Orig.450.In every place.Erased in Orig.451.That they might be crowned with mercies and compassion (Cf. Ps. iii. 4).452.Ralph Ashley, for eight years Father Ouldcorne's servant, is believed, like Nicholas Owen, to have been a Lay-brother of the Society.—Ed.453.The Lord Mounteagle's sister.Erased in Orig.454.As you might read in the beginning.Erased in Orig.455.Where it is ever found by those that seek it with a penitent heart, which he did, and acknowledged his fault to be exceeding great in betraying those Fathers. And both there publicly in the Shire Hall did ask Father Ouldcorne publicly forgiveness and again at the time of his execution, acknowledging that he had done both them and all the Catholics of England great wrong in being cause of their apprehension.Erased in Orig.456.I am uncertain whether he was condemned of felony or treason, because of harbouring a proclaimed traitor.In marg. in another hand.457.And the Bishops of Worcester in particular (whose prisoner he had been before that).Erased in Orig.458.But none of these causes could they prove, the Father showing that he had not sinned in anything, either against the law or against the King.459.In which case the gravest casuists of this time.Erased in Orig.460.But God, in Whom we can do all things, does not forsake them that hope in Him (Cf. Jud. xiii. 17).461.Being under the same condemnation, and not as yet fearing God (Cf. St. Luke xxii. 40).462.Blinded soul.Erased in Orig.463.The great blindness of heart.Erased in Orig.464.Are elected and.Erased in Orig.465.Believe and.Erased in Orig.466.Must needs be very.Erased in Orig.467.In the same place and.Erased in Orig.468.After the old account.Erased in Orig.469.Choosing rather without offence to fall into the hands of men than to sin in God's sight, and dying for justice's sake, they have gained the Kingdom of Heaven.470.Father Ouldcorne suffered April 7, 1606, æt. 45. So Dr. Oliver. Father Gerard,infra.p.285, says that he was“near fifty years old.”—Ed.471.Seven, according to Father Henry More.—Ed.472.Shippers.Erased in Orig.473.And finding it so in two or three trials.Erased in Orig.474.Father Southwell was executed February 21, 1595, æt. 34.—Ed.475.Father Weston was apprehended in 1586, and, after imprisonment in the Clink, was sent to Wisbech Castle in 1587. In 1598 he was prisoner in the Tower of London, and he was banished in 1603.—Ed.476.The place where he remained.Erased in Orig.477.Her name is given by Father More as Dorothy Abington.—Ed.478.He founded and governed nearly all the domestic churches in those parts.479.(As himself did constantly affirm unto me).Erased in Orig.480.And his head full of grey hairs, the rather occasioned by his much loss of blood before mentioned.Erased in Orig.481.Our Lord doing the will of those who fear Him.482.“I am come to send fire on the earth, and what will I but that it be kindled?”(St. Luke xii. 49).483.How“God is wonderful in His Saints”(Ps. xxii. 36).484.And of the signs by which it hath pleased God to show his innocency and martyrdom.Erased in Orig.485.To draw some other great person into.Erased in Orig.486.This may be considered whether it be convenient to be left out.In marg. in another hand.487.And he gloried in the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, in Whom is his salvation, life, and resurrection, by Whom he is saved and delivered.488.Dinner.Erased in Orig.489.Side.Erased in Orig.490.Dr. John Overal, afterwards Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, and Dr. George Abbot, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury.—Ed.491.Staying for him.Erased in Orig.492.And perceiving that there was no place of retiring, he began to speak of the present festivity of the Cross.Erased in Orig.493.In the matter.Erased in Orig.494.Further to be touched than he is.Erased in Orig.495.Went to the side of the scaffold.Erased in Orig.496.“We adore Thee, O Christ, and we bless Thee, because by Thy holy Cross Thou hast redeemed the world.”497.“Mary, Mother of grace, Mother of mercy, protect us from the enemy, and receive us at the hour of death.”498.“Into Thy hands, O Lord, I commend my spirit.”499.Again,“Maria mater gratiæ, Mater misericordiæ, tu nos,”etc.Erased in Orig.500.“By this sign of the Cross, may all that is wicked fly far away. Fix Thy Cross in my heart, O Lord.”501.(Unto which he was so much devoted).Erased in Orig.502.With a happy death.Erased in Orig.503.The chapter is unfinished.—Ed.504.And makes“with the temptation issue, that”we“may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13), bringing forth for us“water out of the rock”(Ps. lxxvii. 16),“and oil out of the hardest stone”(Deut. xxxii. 13).505.Making“the yoke”to“putrefy at the presence of the oil”(Is. xi. 27).506.The memory of the prisoner.Erased in Orig.507.Whosoever but he.Erased in Orig.508.Which“was a burning and a shining light”(St. John v. 35).509.“Saying, Indeed this was a just man”(St. Luke xxiii. 47).510.“We suffer tribulation, but are not distressed: we are straitened, but are not destitute: we suffer persecution, but are not forsaken: we are cast down, but we perish not”(2 Cor. iv. 8, 9).511.This was John Wilkinson, who afterwards became a student at St Omers, and on his death-bed in that College dictated a narrative of Father Garnett's execution and the finding of the straw, which is given by Father More,Hist. Prov. Angl. S. J., lib. vii., n. 35.—Ed.512.Is now a scholar in the English College at St. Omers.Erased in Orig.513.In such sort as it might not be espied.Erased in Orig.514.Her name was Griffin.—Ed.515.Two or three months.Interlined in Orig. Wilkinson himself says,“Paucis post diebus.”516.Father More says it was the Spanish Ambassador, and he gives an attestation of the Baron de Hobocque, dated in 1625, attesting that he had seen it in 1606, when he was in London as Ambassador of the Princes of the Netherlands.—Ed.517.Dr. Richard Bancroft.—Ed.518.The gentlewoman's.Erased in Orig.519.“Was one of them that were at table”(St. John xii. 2).520.Father Richard Blount, in a letter dated Nov. 8, 1606, says—“A Catholic person in London having kept, since the execution of Mr. Garnett, a straw that was embued in his blood, now these days past, being viewed again by the party and others, they espy in the ear of the straw a perfect face of a man dead, his eyes, nose, beard, and neck so lively representing Mr. Garnett, as not only in my eyes, but in the eyes of others which knew him, it doth lively represent him. This hath been seen by Catholics and Protestants of the best sort and divers others, who much admire it, &c. This you may boldly report, for, besides ourselves, a thousand others are witnesses of it.”And in another letter, dated March, 1607,“It cannot be a thing natural or artificial. The sprinkling of blood hath made so plain a face, so well proportioned, so lively shadowed, as no art in such a manner is able to counterfeit the like.”Father More, whose history was published in 1660, says that the straw was kept in the Jesuit College at Liége. The last mention we have met of it is by the Abbé Feller, in hisDictionnaire Historique, which was published at Liége in 1797, and therefore after the suppression of the Society,“L'épi est aujourdhui entre les mains d'un de mes amis, qui le conserve soigneusement”(Art. Garnett).521.Our.Erased in Orig.522.Who is“the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort, Who comforteth us in all our tribulation”(2 Cor. i. 3, 4).523.“A wall for the house of Israel”(Ezech. xiii. 5).524.Party.Erased in Orig.525.He desired“conditions of peace”(St. Luke xiv. 32).526.“All that”saw it began“to mock him”(St. Luke xiv. 29).527.But could he deceive or escape God?528.He who would save his life, lost it (Cf. St. Luke ix. 24).529.And in his folly did not foresee that that night they would require his soul of him (Cf. St. Luke xii. 20).530.Enjoying.Erased in Orig.531.Worthy.Erased in Orig.532.Supra.Erased in Orig.533.He“will not suffer”us“to be tempted above that which”we“are able; but will make also with temptation issue, that”we“may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13).534.Secret and.Erased in Orig.535.“Out of the abundance of the heart”(St. Matt. xii. 34).536.Beholding St. Stephen's conflict.—Erased in Orig.537.Nor even the gates of hell shall prevail (Cf. St. Matt. xvi. 18).538.Woe unto those who are chosen for the works of the strong, and are not fed with the food of the strong.539.Who remembered Daniel in the lions' den, and feeds even“the young ravens that call upon Him”(Ps. cxlvi. 9).540.Whose very hairs are numbered (Cf. St. Matt. x. 30).541.Here must be added the oath, and some few words after, to bring in the other chapter.In marg.542.Establish and.Erased in Orig.543.Usually.Erased in Orig.544.“We have found”these men“perverting our nation”(St. Luke xxiii. 2).545.“And forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar”(Ibid).546.In Roma.Erased in Orig.547.And saying that they have another Christ and King.548.Which Himself denied not to Pilate to be in the world, though it were not a kingdom of the world.Erased in Orig.549.To speak“against Cæsar”(St. John xix. 12).550.“Cæsar's friend”(Ibid).551.“Crucify, crucify”(St. Luke xxiii. 21).552.Our Prince.Erased in Orig.553.By.Erased in Orig.554.Cite.Erased in Orig.555.Heresy.Erased in Orig.556.As by the contents of that book, &c.Erased in Orig.Elizab. cap. 1°.557.And abettors.Erased in Orig.558.So keeping.Erased in Orig.559.According to.Erased in Orig.560.Foreign countries.Erased in Orig.561.Authority.Erased in Orig.562.This.Erased in Orig.563.“My little finger is thicker than the back of my father. And now my father put a heavy yoke upon you, but I will add to your yoke: my father beat you with whips, but I will beat you with scorpions”(3 Kings xii. 10, 11).564.Here must be added the chief laws made in the third year of the King's reign. And after that some few lines to show how much Catholics must needs suffer under so heavy a yoke, more than they do under the Turk or any other Government, and how hard it is for Catholics to live in such trials, being so barred the Sacraments and helps, according to that of St. Bernard,“Væ illis qui assumuntur in fortium et non aluntur fortium.”In marg.

Footnotes1.“William Gerard, son of William who died at Eton-hall in 26 Edward III. [1352], by his marriage with Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir Peter Bryn de Brynhill, convertible into Sir Peter Brynhill de Bryn, became possessed of Bryn, Ashton, and other estates, which have remained in the Gerards of Bryn ever since.”...“This family have had four seats within the township of Ashton, viz., Old Bryn, abandoned five centuries ago; New Bryn, erected in the reign of Edward VI.; Garswood, taken down at the beginning of the present century; and the New Hall, the present residence of the family, built by the Launders about the year 1692, and purchased by the Gerards forty years ago”(Baines,Hist. of Lancaster, 1836, vol. iii., pp. 637, 639).2.Infrap.27.3.Tutbury is in Staffordshire, on the borders of Derbyshire, near to Etwal.4.Public Record Office,Domestic, Elizabeth, vol. 215, n. 19.“Return of Prisoners in the Tower,”endorsed in Lord Burghley's hand,“2 Julii, 1588”[an error for August].“April 1, 1585.Imprimis, the Earl of Arundel, prisoner three years four months.... August 23, 1586. Sir Thomas Gerard, Knight, prisoner one year eleven months: indicted for treason.”At the end of the list are the names of five Priests“committed for religion.”From the Tower Sir Thomas Gerard was removed to the Counter in Wood-street (Domestic, Eliz., vol. 217, n. 27).5.Sir Gilbert Gerard was of the family of the Gerards of Ince, a younger branch of the Gerards of Bryn. His eldest son, Sir Thomas, was the first Lord Gerard of Gerards Bromley.6.Domestic, Eliz., vol. 187, n. 48, viii.7.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 251, n. 14. Feb. 3, 1595.8.Probably Edmund Lewckener, who appears in the College books as one of the new fellows on Sir W. Petre's foundation in 1566.9.Prece vel pretio (MS.).10.John Elmer, Bishop of London from 1576 to 1588.11.There were 47 Catholics in the prison, of whom 11 were Priests, amongst whom were William Hartley and John Adams, future martyrs, and William Bishop, the first Vicar Apostolic (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 170, n. 11).12.In a letter dated October 3, 1614 (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., iv., 24), Father Gerard says that“7 florins of Liége make but 6 of Brabant, 12s. English.”So we may turn his florins into pounds by taking off the last cypher.13.Another occasion may present itself for placing before the reader the many anecdotes of the English Martyrs related in the Autobiography, that are now passed over.14.Father Gerard was present, he says, at the martyrdom of William Thomson, who suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1586. Father Holt became Rector of the English College at Rome, October 24, 1586; and the name of John Gerard is the first entry for 1587 in the College Catalogue.15.When Father Gerard has occasion, in his Narrative of the Powder Plot, to relate what he knows of Father Ouldcorne's history, he gives an account of this journey (infr.p.279).16.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz.vol. 217, n. 81.17.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 199, nn. 95, 96.18.Ibid, vol. 217, n. 3. The Calendar gives for its date Oct. 1, 1588. The postscript of the letter bears the date“8 Septembris.”19.They both suffered in Fleet Street; Christopher Bales on March 4, 1590, and George Beesley on July 2, 1591. They were condemned under the statute 27 Elizabeth, for being made Priests beyond the seas and exercising their functions in England.20.Ad subcuratorem pacis, et ad censorem (MS.). The above are conjectural renderings. These seem to have been only village officials.21.Irenarchâ aut curatore pacis (MS.).22.Ut vanitas veritatem occultet (MS.).23.Father William Weston, commonly called Father Edmonds.24.The name“Yelverton”is added in the margin. Sir Christopher Yelverton was at this time Queen's Serjeant, and subsequently Speaker of the House of Commons, and Puisne Judge of the King's Bench. He died in 1607. His son, Sir Henry Yelverton, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, condemned Father Edmund Arrowsmith in 1628, and died in the January following.25.Dr. Andrew Perne, Master of Peter-house, Cambridge, and second Dean of Ely. He is incidentally mentioned by Miss Strickland as having changed his religion four times (Lives of the Queens of England, vol. vii., p. 208).26.“It [Braddocks] seems to have been formerly moated round, and two sides of the moat remain at present”(Morant,History of Essex, London, 1768, vol ii., p. 559).27.Their names appear in 1580, among the signatures of the thirty Nuns of Sion, then at Rouen, in a petition to the Catholics of England, praying them not to allow“the only Religious Convent remaining of our country”to perish for want of support (Public Record Office,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 146, n. 114). The convent reached Lisbon in 1594, and in 1863 returned to England and settled at Spetisbury, near Blandford. It is the only Religious House in England that can trace an unbroken descent from a foundation made before the Reformation. Sion House was founded by Henry V. in 1413.28.William is said to have been knighted at a later date. Three baronetcies were conferred on various branches of the family, William of Canfield (1628), Richard of Thundersley (1628), and Sir William Wiseman, Knight, of Riverhall (1660). The two last mentioned are extinct. The Wisemans of Braddocks were descended from John Wiseman, Esq., ancestor of the present baronet, who purchased the estate in Northend about 1430, and was the first of the family who lived in Essex.29.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 247, n. 3.30.“While the house at Sawston was erecting, Sir Edmund resided on his estates in Essex, and served the office of Sheriff for that county in 20, 21, [1578-9] and 30 Elizabeth”[1588] (Burke'sLanded Gentry, 1850, vol. i., p. 602).31.The relationship is by affinity and half-blood. Jane, daughter of Sir William Dormer, by his first wife, Mary Sidney, married Don Gomez Suarez, Count of Feria; and Dorothy's father, Robert Lord Dormer, was a son of Sir William, by his second wife, Dorothy Catesby (Burke'sPeerage).32.Lady Penelope Devereux, daughter of Walter first Earl of Essex, wife of Robert third Lord Rich, afterwards Earl of Warwick.33.Charles Blount, eighth Baron Mountjoy, who in 1603 was created Earl of Devonshire. He was married December 26, 1605, to Lady Rich, after her divorce, and in the lifetime of her husband, by William Laud, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. The Earl of Devonshire died in a few months after this marriage, April 3, 1606.34.William Wiseman, Richard Fulwood, and Ralph Willis were with Father Gerard at Lady Gerard's house before Michaelmas, 1592 (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248, n. 103).35.Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, was beheaded at York, in 1572. He had four daughters: Elizabeth, wife of Richard Woodroff; Lucy, wife of Sir Edward Stanley; Jane, wife of Lord Henry Seymour; and Mary, the second Abbess of the English Benedictine Convent at Brussels.36.This venerable Community was transferred in 1794 to Winchester, and in 1857 to East Bergholt, in Suffolk. This was the first English Convent founded after the Reformation, and the first to come to England at the French Revolution.37.When this was written, the strict laws of Urban VIII. had not yet been made, which forbid the introduction of any public religious veneration except by the authority of the Holy See.38.Defecerunt scrutantes scrutinio (MS.).39.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248, n. 103.40.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 247, n. 3.41.“Robert Wiseman, her other son, is also an obstinate recusant and will by no means take the oath. He is prisoner in the Clink.”(Young, Apr. 14, 1594. P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 68).42.The Lady Mary Percy, of whom mention has been previously made. She“was a devout Catholic, and had come to London a little before my imprisonment, to get my help in passing over to Belgium, there to consecrate herself to God. She was staying at the house of her sister,”who had lost the faith, Jane, the wife of Lord Henry Seymour, with whose Protestant servants Father Gerard was confronted later on.“I dined with them on the day the witnesses mentioned. It was Lent; and they told how their mistress ate meat, while the Lady Mary and I ate nothing but fish ”(infr.p.lxviii.).43.He had previously said that“between Midsummer and Michaelmas last, Scudamore the Priest was there by the name of John Wiseman and stayed there one night.”John was apparently the name of the younger Jesuit, who died in the Novitiate at Rome.44.Amongst the letters seized at Braddocks in a search apparently in 1592, was one“sent by Dolman the Priest to Mrs. Wiseman, dated 28 die Jun., advertizing her of her son Thomas and her son John their healths, and of his going to Wisbech, and that he was sorry her daughter Jane had no warning whereby she might have wrote an epistle in Latin to the Priests at Wisbech, that they might have understood her zeal”(P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 243, n. 95).45.P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 68.46.Young adds,“Mr. Wiseman and his mother had many more servants, both men and maids, all which were recusants, and none of them would come to church, to the great offence and scandal of all Her Majesty's good subjects in that country.”47.Stonyhurst MSS.P., ii., p. 550.48.Mr.“Homulus”is Ralph Emerson, the Lay-brother, of whom Father Campion wrote to the General,“Homulus meus et ego”(infr.p.lxx). It was of the greatest consequence that no names to strike the eye should appear in letters, in case they were intercepted.49.Probably White Webbs in Enfield Chase, called“Dr. Hewick's house”(P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 70).50.P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 36.51.In the original the words“is Richard Fulwood”are interlined, and“he will not tell”underlined or erased.52.Being learned.Erased in Orig.53.It was of the last importance for the friends of a prisoner to know, if possible, what replies he had really given, not only that they might take measures, if necessary, for their own safety, but also that they might know how far to go in their own answers when summoned. The persecutors were constantly in the habit of publishing all sorts of pretended replies which they said had been given by prisoners in their secret examinations, so that prisoners seized every possible opportunity of communicating the truth to their friends, often, as we shall see, in the most ingenious way.54.It will be noticed, both from this passage and many others, that the persecuted Catholics followed that common doctrine of theologians, maintained also by many Protestant moralists, that an unjust oppressor has no right, by the law of God, to exact or expect true answers from his victims, if such true answers would help his unjust designs, except where the question is of the faith of the prisoner. It is quite likely that many will be startled now-a-days at such direct denials, owing to our present freedom from those extreme circumstances in which such denials were then made. Their own lives were at stake, or those of other innocent persons, whom it would have been a sin to betray; and for those persons' sake, if they held such denials to be lawful, they were bound to make them. The English law, with a tenderness then unknown, would now protect a man from all efforts to make him criminate himself. The persecutors themselves, who showed so great indignation at their victims' falsehoods, told lies systematicallyin order to ensnare the Catholics; a thing which no code of morality ever countenanced, whether Catholic or Protestant. We propose to discuss this subject more fully in the sequel.55.This was the unfortunate Countess of Arundel, whose husband, Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel, was at this time (1594) in the tenth year of his imprisonment in the Tower. He died the following year in the same prison, the noblest victim to the jealous and suspicious tyranny of Elizabeth,non sine veneni suspicione, as his epitaph still testifies.56.This holy martyr's true name was Nicholas Owen. Father Gerard gives an interesting account of him in the Narrative of the Powder Plot (infrap.182).57.We learn from Frank that it was called Middleton's.58.Sir Thomas Egerton, afterwards Lord Ellesmere and Viscount Brackley, was Attorney General at this date, 1594, and Lord Chancellor in 1609, when this was written. His having been a Catholic is not mentioned by his biographers.59.Father Gerard was first confined in the Counter, as he tells us later. Father Garnett in one of his letters speaks of the Counter as“a very evil prison and without comfort.”There were in London three prisons of this name: the Counter, a part of the parish church of St. Margaret in Southwark; the Counter in the Poultry,“some four houses west from the parish church of St. Mildred”; and the new Counter in Wood-street, removed from Bread-street in 1555 (Stow'sSurvey of London, ed. Thoms, pp. 99, 131).60.Even the gentle Father Southwell could not but show his estimate of this reprobate man. We translate the following from Father More'sHistory of the English Province, l. v., n. 15.“Though he readily answered the questions of others, yet if Topcliffe interposed he never deigned him a reply; and when asked the cause of this, he answered:‘Because I have found by experience that the man is not open to reason.’”61.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. ii., n. 27;P., vol. ii., f. 604.62.This was a prison in Southwark, adjoining the palace of the Bishops of Winchester. In Father More's Latin Narrative it appears asAtrium Wintoniense.“It was a small place of confinement on the Bankside, called the Clink from being the prison of the‘Clink liberty or manor of Southwark,’belonging to the Bishops of Winchester”(Brayley,History of Surrey, vol. 5, p. 348).63.Father Garnett writes, Nov. 19, 1594:“Sir Thomas Wilks goeth into Flanders, as it is thought for peace; whereupon the arraignment of the three Jesuits, Southwell, Walpole, and Gerard, is stayed. Gerard is in the Clink, somewhat free; the other two so close in the Tower that none can hear from them”(Stonyhurst MSS.,P., ii., p. 550).64.“There is a little fellow called Ralph, who is in England for Father Persons, is a great dealer for all the Papists; he is a very slender, brown little fellow”(Confession of Ralph Miller. P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 173, n. 64).65.John Rigby suffered at St. Thomas' Watering, June 21, 1600, for having been reconciled by a Catholic Priest.66.Ann Line executed at Tyburn, Feb. 27, 1601, for harbouring a Catholic Priest.“She told her confessor, some years before her death, that Mr. Thomson (Blackburn), a former confessor of hers, who ended his days by martyrdom in 1586, had promised her, that if God should make him worthy of that glorious end he would pray for her, that she might obtain the like happiness”(Challoner, from Champney's MS. History).67.Francis Page, S.J., suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1602, for his Priesthood.68.These words are given in the MS. in English.69.Roger Filcock, S.J.,aliasArthur, executed for his Priesthood, with Mark Barkworth,aliasLambert, O.S.B., and Ann Line, at Tyburn, Feb. 27, 1601.70.John Jones,aliasBuckley, suffered at St. Thomas' Watering, July 12, 1598; and Robert Drury at Tyburn, Feb. 26, 1607, for being Priests in England.71.Tres valedictiones mundo datæ a tribus in diverso statu morientibus (MS.).72.Qualis vita, finis ita (MS.).73.“Morbum regium”(MS.). Consumption is a form of scrofula, or King's evil, and seems to be the form most likely to be brought on by the causes here mentioned. In classical Latin, however,morbus regiussignifiesjaundice; and this may be the meaning here.74.Father Bartoli, in hisInghilterra(bk. v., ch. 13), has the following passage about Father Gerard, whom he knew personally at Rome:“At his first entrance into this prison (the Clink) he procured himself a habit of the Society, and continued to wear it from that time forward, even in the face of all London when he was being taken to his different examinations; so that the people crowded to see a Jesuit in his habit, while the preachers were all the more exasperated at what they thought an open defiance of them.”Father Weston in his Narrative (Father Laurenson's copy, p. 93) gives it as one of the signs that warned Catholics that Anthony Tyrrel was wavering in his faith, that without any necessity, in the Clink prison, he would wear secular dress. His own clerical costume in prison he mentions as a matter of course.“Egressus sum sequenti die, mutato habitu in sæcularem”(p. 98).75.The Gatehouse prison, near the west end of the Abbey,“is so called of two gates, the one out of the College court towards the north, on the east side whereof was the Bishop of London's prison for clerks convict; and the other gate, adjoining the first, but towards the west, is a gaol or prison for offenders thither committed”(Stow, p. 176).76.The celebrated theologian and controversialist, Dr. Sanders, was sent as Papal Legate into Ireland by Gregory XIII. in 1579.77.Gabriel Goodman, Dean of Westminster from 1561 to 1601.78.William Atkinson, the apostate Priest, in a letter to Blackwell the Archpriest, dated Apr. 9, 1602, said that he was in prison with Father Gerard (Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 416). This man dared to offer to poison the Earl of Tyrone in a host (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 251, n. 49).79.Henry Walpole, S.J., was executed at York, April 7, 1595, for his Priesthood.80.It was Father Walpole's custom to make notes of his conferences with ministers. In the Public Record Office (Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248., n. 51) there is an interesting record in his own hand of his discussions while he was in the custody of Outlaw, the pursuivant.81.Edmund Campion, S.J., suffered at Tyburn, Dec. 1, 1581, for a pretended conspiracy at Rome and Rhemes. The Act of 27 Elizabeth (1585), which made the mere presence of a Priest in England high treason, had not yet been passed.82.This was said, of course, because it was dangerous to mention the names of any friends who were still at liberty. It could do no harm to mention those already in prison.83.Domestic, Eliz., vol. 262, n. 123.84.As he supposed.Erased.85.Denieth that.Erased.86.Denieth that.Erased.87.Thinketh that somesubstituted forknoweth who.88.Caresubstituted forcharge.89.Maintenance of, &c,interlined.90.The name ... personinterlined in place ofto whom.91.By what namesubstituted forto whom.92.The spelling in those days was simply reckless. Father Gerard signs this Examination“Jhon Gerrard;”it is endorsed“Jo. Jerrard;”and Sir Edward Coke's note on it is“Jarrard.”It becomes difficult to know how to print proper names;e.g., Campion or Campian, Persons or Parsons, Garnet or Garnett, Ouldcorne or Oldcorn. In the Narrative of the Gunpowder Plot the form of name is adopted that is most prevalent in the autograph from which it is printed.93.On the back of a playing card (the seven of spades), which is attached to the original document, is written in Sir Edward Coke's handwriting:“Polewhele 1Walpole 1PatCullen 1Annias 31Willms 1SquierJarrard 1.”Polewhele, Patrick Cullen or O'Collun, Williams, and Squire were all executed for high treason, the latter on the accusation of having, at Father Walpole's instigation, poisoned the pommel of Elizabeth's saddle. Annias apostatized after two years' imprisonment.94.Scirpicula quaedam duo vel tria ex juncis facta (MS.). It is not easy to understand exactly what these were.95.Father Gerard's great stature could not be more clearly indicated. This would of course involve a greater weight of body, and consequently greater severity in this mode of torture.“Erat enim,”says Father More, in his History,“pleno et procero corpore.”96.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 547.97.Ibid.,Angl. A., vol. ii., n. 27; P., vol. ii., f. 604.98.Ibid.,P., vol. ii., f. 548.99.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 601.100.These arguments are purposely omitted in this place, and they are reserved for insertion later, when we propose to examine into the morality of the answers made by Father Gerard and others in their judicial interrogations.101.We find from an extract of one of Father Garnett's letters in the Stonyhurst MSS. that this gentleman's name was Arden.“Oct. 8, 1597. Upon St. Francis' day at night broke out of the Tower one Arden and Mr. Gerard the Jesuit. There is yet no inquiry after him”(P., vol. ii., f. 548). Father Bartoli, also, and Father More mention Arden as the name of Father Gerard's companion. Francis Arden was committed to the Tower, Feb. 22, 1584. He was probably a relation of Edward Arden, who was hanged Dec. 23, 1583,“protesting his innocence of every charge, and declaring that his only crime was the profession of the Catholic religion”(Rishton'sDiary in the Tower).102.The number of piers in Old London Bridge was so large, and offered so great an obstruction to the water, that it was always a service of danger to pass under the arches while the tide was running, and often the river formed a regular cataract at this part.103.The distance would be something over half a mile.104.Our readers will remember that at this time each side of the bridge was lined with houses, which looked sheer down into the river.105.Oct. 4, 1597, says Father Bartoli (Inghilterra, p. 426) quoting Father Garnett's letter of Oct. 8.106.Quod differtur, non aufertur (MS.).107.This may very likely be White Webbs in Enfield Chase.108.Atkinson was not always so unsuccessful. Sir Robert Cecil endorsed the letter quoted in a former note,“Atkinson's letter, the Priest that discovered Tychburn and was brought me by Mr. Fouler.”Thomas Tichburn suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1601, for his Priesthood.109.The Knight Marshal had jurisdiction within the precincts of the Court, that is, twelve miles from the lodging of the Sovereign, even on a progress, though not a chase. The Marshalsea was the prison originally attached to the King's house, and at first was intended only for the committal of persons accused of offences within the jurisdiction of the Knight Marshal. It stood in High-street, Southwark, on the south side, between King-street and Mermaid-court, over against Union-street (Cunningham'sHandbook of London, p. 316). Queen Elizabeth's Knight Marshal was Sir Thomas Gerard, already mentioned as created by King James Lord Gerard of Gerard's Bromley.110.About this time Father Garnett thought of sending Father Gerard out of England, evidently from fear lest, owing to his zeal, he should be recaptured and be still more hardly dealt with, for on March 31, 1598, he wrote to Rome, probably to Father Persons:“Father Gerard is much dismayed this day when I wrote to him to prepare himself to go. He came to me of purpose. Indeed he is very profitable to me, and his going would be wondered at. I hope he will walk warily enough.... You know my mind; if you think it good, I desire his stay. All the rest are well”(Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 551).111.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 233, n. 3.112.“He was sent to Tournay for his Noviceship in 1594, and towards the end of his second year over-application had so injured his head that he had to be forbidden to use any kind of prayer. Sent to recruit in his native air, he passed through Holland on his way to England. At Flushing he was taken by some English soldiers. The letter he was carrying showing who he was, they threatened him with torture unless he would say who had brought him over from Rotterdam. He was ready to confess anything about himself, but he would say nothing of any one else; so, instead of offering, as he had hoped to do that day, the Sacrifice of the Body of Christ, he offered that of his own, to undergo anything rather than injure others. They hung him up by the hands to a pulley, and then tortured him by twisting a sailor's rope round his head. During the torture he fixed his mind on the eternity of either pain or joy, and uttered nothing but‘O eternity!’The harm the soldiers tried to do him turned out a remedy; for the head-ache and singing in the head, from which he had suffered in the Noviceship, diminished from that time and gradually ceased. He was taken to London in custody and committed to Bridewell, where his cell was an utterly unfurnished turret. He bed was the brick floor and a little straw, till he was helped by the care and charity of his Catholic fellow-prisoners, and of our Father Gerard. The latter, who was in the Clink, kept up a secret correspondence with him, and came to his help both with his advice and money. After about seven months he succeeded in making his escape through the tiling, together with two other Priests and seven laymen”(Father More,Historia Provinciæ, l. viii., c. 23).113.The confession of Ralph Myller (9 Oct. 1584) gives us an insight into the late Lord Vaux's London house:“This examinant did afterwards meet one Robert Browne, who hath an uncle a Priest with the Lord Vaux, who is a little man with white head, and a little brown hair on his face, goeth in an ash-colour doublet coat and a gown faced with cony, and he was made Priest long sithence at Cambray as this examinate thinketh. This examinant spoke with the Lord Vaux and with his lady at Hackney, after that his son, Mr. George, and the said Robert Browne had told him that this examinant was a tailor of Rhemes; and on Sunday was fortnight this examinant did hear Mass there, whereat were present about xviii. persons, being my lord's household, and the Priest last before named said the Mass. The said Priest lieth in a chamber beyond the hall, on the left hand the stair that leadeth to the chambers, and the Mass is said in the chapel, being right over the port entering into the hall; and the way into it is up the stair aforesaid, on the left hand, at the further end of the gallery: and there is a very fair crucifix of silver”(P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 173, n. 64).114.Anne Vaux and Eleanor, widow of Edward Brooksby, daughters of William third Lord Vaux, by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John Beaumont of Gracedieu, in Leicestershire, Esq. The mother of George Vaux was Mary, sister of Sir Thomas Tresham, of Rushton, in Northamptonshire, Knight.115.Sir Christopher Hatton, who died childless, November 21, 1591, had built a country house at Stoke Pogis, Bucks (Campbell'sLives of the Chancellors, 3rd edit., vol. ii., p. 180).116.Patrem Pulvium (MS.). We give the English form of the name on the authority of Dr. Oliver, in hisCollectanea, s.v. Pullen.117.In the Public Record Office there is a letter, dated July 22, 1599, purporting to be from Francis Cordale to his partner Balthasar Gybels, at Antwerp, which says,“I wrote to you of one Mr. Heywood's house searched and a man there taken. I have learned his name since to be John Lilly. He is sent to the Tower upon suspicion of helping Gerard the Jesuit out of the same place”(Domestic, Eliz., vol. 271, n. 107).118.Tali loco qui vocaturSpitell(MS). Spitalfields, a district without Bishopsgate, once belonged to the Priory and Hospital of St. Mary Spital, founded in 1197, in the parish of St. Botolph (Cunningham'sHandbook of London, p. 463).119.John Lilly entered the Society Feb. 2, 1602, æt. 37 (Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 429).120.In the margin of the MS. is written“Digbæus,”in the same hand as the text.121.George Abbot was appointed Dean of Winton in 1559, in 1609 Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, from which in about a month he was translated to London, and thence in 1611 to Canterbury. In July, 1621, as he was shooting at a deer with a cross-bow, he shot the keeper, for which King James gave him a dispensation. In 1627 he was sequestered from his office, and his metropolitan jurisdiction put into commission, but about a year after he was restored. He died at Croydon, Aug. 4, 1633, æt. 71.122.Richard de Burgh, commonly called Richard of Kinsale, from his conduct at that place, Baron of Dunkellin, succeeded his father as fourth Earl of Clanricarde, May 20, 1601. He was subsequently made Earl of St. Albans, and died Nov. 12, 1635. He married Frances, daughter and heiress of Sir Francis Walsyngham, Knight, widow of Robert second Earl of Essex. She died in 1632. Thus Walsyngham's only child became a Catholic.123.Qui nunc in rure est (MS.). An evident mistake of the copyist for“in turre,”as is clear from a former passage, where Father Gerard says,“Father Thomas Strange is at present suffering imprisonment in the Tower of London, where he has had to undergo many grievous tortures, and a long solitary confinement. This solitude indeed, if we look only to his natural disposition, cannot but be very irksome and oppressive to him; butheis not solitary who has God always present with him, consoling him, and supplying in an eminent degree and full abundance all those comforts which we are wont to go begging for from creatures.”124.Sir Ambrose Vaux, Prior of St. John of Jerusalem.125.This name is written“Lathuilli”in the MS. English names frequently suffer at the hands of this copyist. We have restored the true name by the aid of Dr. Oliver'sCollectanea.126.Father Gerard here gives a summary of his Narrative of the Gunpowder Plot.127.In a letter addressed by Father Ouldcorne to the Council, dated March 25, 1606, in which he relates all that had passed in the Tower between Father Garnett and himself, but in a way that could not be hurtful to either, the following passage occurs.“Also Mr. Garnett told me that while he was in the Gatehouse he received a note written in orange (but he told me not from whom) whereby he understood that Father Tesimond was gone over sea, and that Father Gerard would presently follow him after he had recovered a little more strength:‘whereby’(said Garnett)‘I gather he hath been lately in some secret place, as we were; but by this I hope he hath recovered his strength, and is also past over the sea’”(P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 214).128.Both Father Bartoli and Father More remark that Father Gerard was admitted to the solemn vows of a Professed Father by a special favour, as his learning, owing to the short course of study through which he had passed, fell short of that which the Society requires as a condition of Profession. Father Bartoli says that this“most rare but most just privilege”was conferred on him,“as virtue, in which he exceeded the standard, supplied for the studies in which he fell short of it”(Inghilterra, p. 586).129.Bartoli,Inghilterra, pp. 586, 592.130.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 111.131.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 68, n. 67, and vol. 71, n. 24; Chamberlain to Carleton.132.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 70, nn. 25, 46, 55; dated August 3, 12, and 20, 1612.133.P. R. O.,Sign. Man., vol. iii., n. 6.134.Rymer'sFœdera, t. xviii., f. 44.135.P. R. O.,Proclamation Book, p. 121.136.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 165, n. 21.137.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 18, n. 19.138.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 47, n. 96.139.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 16, n. 88; vol. 18, n. 4.140.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 18, n. 19.141.Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 586.142.Hist. Prov., lib. vii., n. 43, p. 339.143.Archives of the English College at Rome,Scritture, vol. 30; 1632.144.Stonyhurst MSS., Father Grene'sMiscell. de Coll. Angl., p. 19.145.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 70.146.More,Hist. Prov., lib. vii., cap. 3, p. 291.147.More,Hist. Prov., lib. viii., n. 8, p. 355.148.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 5.149.This is Father Thomas Laithwaite, also called Kensington (More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 1, p. 391;suprap.clxxvi).150.In 1617, Sir Thomas Leeds was Prefect and Sir Ralph Babthorpe Secretary of the Congregation of the Blessed Virgin at Louvain (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 47). A considerable number of Catholic families had settled in Louvain, and in 1614 they were disturbed by a summons to appear in England under pain of losing their possessions. On a remonstrance being made by the Spanish Ambassador, King James disclaimed the summons, on which the magistrates of Louvain expelled the pursuivant from the town (More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 10, p. 406).151.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 6.152.The Archduke Albert, Governor of Flanders.153.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 7.154.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 17.155.Ibid., n. 22.156.Father Gerard bought a house and ten acres of land; and the price was less than“200l.in present money and the rent of 30l.with which the house and grounds are already charged, which then we may redeem by little and little, as we get friends to buy it out”(Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 23). As the rent could be redeemed at fifteen years' purchase, the whole price was thus under 650l.157.More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. II, p. 406.158.“Sir Basil Brooke telleth that our German friend is very well at his house, and in protection of the King, that Canterbury has used him very kindly, and entreated him, as one whose scholarship is famous, to make use of his library [as] it shall please him.”Father Silisdon to Father Owen, August 25, 1614. Endorsed by Father Owen—“Sir Geo. Talbott well entertained by K. and Cant.”(Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 17).159.More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 15, p. 414.160.Ibid., pp. 415, 424. Maximilian had two sons by his second wife, Mary Anne of Austria, when he was over 60 years of age, and the eldest he named Ignatius.161.The Priory of Watten, with its revenue of 3000 florins of Brabant, was transferred to the Society in 1611 by James Blase, O. S. F., Bishop of St. Omers. The proposal had been approved of by the King of Spain in 1604, and by Pope Paul V. in 1607, but the jealousy of the English felt by the Archduke Albert delayed the establishment of an English Novitiate there till his death in 1622 (More,Hist. Prov., lib. vii., nn. 5-7, lib. ix., n. 17, pp. 294-298, 416).162.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 20.163.They soon increased in numbers, for in 1617 Father More says there was a Community at Liége of 45, of whom 30 were Novices (p. 424).164.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 29.165.Ibid., n. 23.166.Infrap.110.167.Stonyhurst, MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 29.168.Ibid., n. 31.169.Ibid., vol. iii., n. 107.170.This would appear to be a mention of the death of the“son and brother of an Earl,”Sir Everard Digby's great friend, who was converted when holding some office in personal attendance on King James, and, after his conversion, received the King's leave to go to Italy (suprap.clxvi.). The intermediate link is furnished in Father Gerard's letter to Father Aquaviva, Louvain, August 17, 1612 (Stonyhurst MSS., Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 111).“Now at length our friend Oliver has passed over from Paris to England, for the Treasurer is gone, his and all good men's enemy.”[Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, died May 24, 1612]“and others are about to succeed him, who, as we hope, entertain for Oliver an ancient and particular affection. Besides, his eldest brother is dead, and the second brother left inheritor of all the honours and wealth, so that a manifold occasion is offered to this our friend of helping himself in temporal affairs, and others to some extent in spiritual and greater goods. Summoned by his family he has left in haste, humbly asking your Paternity's benediction; in the efficacy of which he disregards all that heretical fury or perverse malice can invent against him. The King is going this summer to his brother the new Earl's castle, to remain there awhile for hunting. Perhaps Oliver will take that occasion of presenting himself to the King, who liked him when he was in his service before he entered the service of God, and whom he has never offended in anything, except in choosing to be an abject in the House of God, rather than to dwell in the tabernacles of men.”We have here the necessary data for determining that the convert in question was Sir Oliver Manners, fourth son of John fourth Earl of Rutland, knighted at Belvoir Castle, April 22, 1603, by James I. on his coming from Scotland. The eldest brother Roger, fifth Earl, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Sidney, and died without issue, June 26, 1612, when he was succeeded by his brother Francis.171.Father Edward Coffin was Confessor of the English College for nearly twenty years. He was succeeded by Father Gerard, who held the same office for the last fifteen years of his life.172.Dr. Oliver has misread this date 1611. Cardinal Bellarmine was born October 4, 1542, so that he would be in his seventy-seventh year in 1618-9.173.Dr. Oliver says that Father Silisdon succeeded Father Gerard as Rector and Master of Novices in 1620, and transferred the Novitiate to Watten in 1622. Father More (Hist. Prov., p. 416) may certainly so be understood, but it is clear from theFlorus Anglo-Bavaricus(p. 11) that Father Gerard was Rector in March, 1622, and that the transfer to Watten took place in 1625. And in the Archives of the English College at Rome (Scritture, vol. 30), in a notice of him written in 1632, he is said to have been Rector of the English Noviceship at Liége for eight years.174.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 532.175.Fiat in me, de me et per me, et circa me, sanctissima et dulcissima voluntas Tua, in omnibus et per omnia, nunc et semper ac in æternum. Amen (MS.).176.An allusion, no doubt, to one of the Belgian Sanctuaries of our Blessed Lady, perhaps that at Montaigu.177.Stonyhurst MSS., Father Grene'sMiscell. de Coll. Angl., p. 19, quoting“Baines his diary.”178.Suprap.xxi.179.Suprap.cxl.180.Infrap.244.181.Apologia pro Vita sua, by John Henry Newman, D.D. London, 1864, p. 418. The reader's attention is earnestly called to Dr. Newman's treatment of this subject, both at the page quoted, and in the Appendix, p. 72. To the Protestant authors quoted above may be added Mr. Froude (History of England, vol. ii., ch. vi., p. 57, note).“It seems obvious that a falsehood of this sort is different in kind from what we commonly mean by unveracity, and has no affinity with it.... Rahab of Jericho did the same thing which Dalaber did”[a Protestant, who gave false answers and swore to them, to save Garret, his fellow]“and on that very ground was placed in the catalogue of Saints.”182.Suprap.li.183.Suprap.lxviii.184.Suprap.lxxxii.185.Suprap.cxiv.186.Ostendi non esse hoc falsum dicere (MS.).187.This was the wretched Anne Bellamy, a young Catholic gentlewoman, who for some overbold denunciation of the persecutors was given into the custody of the ruffian Topcliffe, and was so deeply depraved by him, as to be brought to the almost incredible infamy of serving as his tool to inveigle and betray Priests.188.In subornatâ gubernatione Reipublicæ (MS.). There is clearly some blunder here. Probably we ought to read“subordinatâ;”yet, even so, the phrase is not very intelligible. We have judged of the sense intended, by the context.189.Sir Walter Scott's words have been often quoted, and they are fair specimens of what an honourable man considers lawful. As they were no hasty and unconsidered expressions, they are deserving of insertion in this place. Lockhart calls them“a style of equivoque which could never seriously be misunderstood.”To John Murray Scott wrote:“I give you heartily joy of the success of the Tales, although I do not claim that paternal interest in them which my friends do me the credit to assign me. I assure you I have never read a volume of them until they were printed, and can only join with the rest of the world in applauding the true and striking portraits which they present of old Scottish manners. I do not expect implicit reliance to be placed on my disavowal, because I know very well that he who is disposed not to own a work must necessarily deny it, and that otherwise his secret would be at the mercy of all who choose to ask the question, since silence in such a case must always pass for consent, or rather assent. But I have a mode of convincing you that I am perfectly serious in my denial—pretty similar to that by which Solomon distinguished the fictitious from the real mother—and that is, by reviewing the work, which I take to be an operation equal to that of quartering the child.”And, in a letter written two years later, he says:“I own I did mystify Mrs. —— a little about the report you mention; and I am glad to hear the finesse succeeded. She came up to me with a great overflow of gratitude for the delight and pleasure, and so forth, which she owed to me on account of these books. Now, as she knew very well that I had never owned myself the author, this was notpolitepoliteness, and she had no right to force me up into a corner and compel me to tell her a word more than I chose, upon a subject which concerned no one but myself—and I have no notion of being pumped by any old dowager Lady of Session, male or female. So I gave in dilatory defences, under protestation to add and eik; for I trust, in learning a new slang, you have not forgot the old. In plain words, I denied the charge, and as she insisted to know who elsecouldwrite these novels, I suggested Adam Fergusson as a person having all the information and capacity necessary for that purpose. But the inference that hewasthe author was of her own deducing; and thus ended her attempt, notwithstanding her having primed the pump with a good dose of flattery”(Lockhart'sMemoirs of Sir Walter Scott, 1844, pp. 338, 389).190.We translate partly from Bartoli,Inghilterra, lib. v., c. 9, and partly from More,Hist. Prov., lib. v., c. 29.191.Father Bartoli here asks us to contrast the pious horror expressed by the officials at Father Southwell's doctrine with the fact related by Father Gerard (suprap.lxvii.) of the magistrate Young swearing on the Scriptures to what he knew to be false, that Father Southwell had expressed a desire to confer with a Protestant minister with the view of abandoning the Catholic faith.192.This last consideration applies, of course, not to the general question of equivocation (for in that case it would involve apetitio principii), but to the sub-question whether supposing a simple equivocation lawful (i.e., allowing it to be no violation of veracity in some cases), it could ever be lawful to add to it the confirmation of an oath. Father Southwell maintains reasonably, that whatever it is lawful to say, it is lawful also to swear to, provided the other conditions for an oath are present.193.Infrap.244.194.Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 217A.195.Cowetry (MS.). If this word is read thus correctly, it is a curious proof of the antiquity of the phrase“being sent to Coventry.”196.“One necessary condition,”says Father Garnett in another paper (P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 20, n. 2),“required in every law is that it be just. For if this condition be wanting, that the law be unjust, then is itipso factovoid and of no force, neither hath it any power to oblige any. And this is a maxim, not only of divines, but of Aristotle and all philosophers. Hereupon ensueth that no power on earth can forbid or punish any action which we are bound unto by the law of God, which is the true pattern of all justice. So that the laws against recusants, against receiving of Priests, against confession, against Mass, or other rites of Catholic religion, are to be esteemed as no laws by such as steadfastly believe these to be necessary observances of the true religion.“Likewise Almighty God hath absolute right for to send His preachers of His Gospel to any place in the world.‘Euntes decete omnes gentes.’So that the law against Priests coming into the realm sincerely to preach, is no law, and those that are put to death by virtue of that decree are verily martyrs because they die for the preaching of true religion.“Being asked what I meant by true treason, I answer that that is a true treason which is made treason by any just law, and that is no treason at all which is made treason by an unjust law.”197.Dodd'sChurch History, ed. Tierney, vol. iv., p. 44, note.198.History of England, ed. 1849, vol. vii., p. 44.199.Suprap.clxii.200.Suprapp.clxxiv.,clxxvii.201.Suprap.clxxvi.202.Faulks' confession, P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 54.203.Infrap.59.204.In the King's own hand. P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 17.205.Calendar of State Papers, by M. E. Green. James I., 1603-10, p. 247.206.P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 164.207.Dodd'sChurch History, by Tierney, vol. iv., p. cii.208.Vol. viii., p. 543.209.Tierney'sDodd, vol. iv., p. cv. The original letter is now in the archives of the Archbishop of Westminster.210.Vol. iii., p. 37, note.211.Tierney's Dodd, vol. iv., p. cvi.212.Vol. vii., p. 542.213.See Narrative,infrap.79.214.Domestic, James I., vol. xviii., n. 35.215.Suprap.clxxix;infrap.208216.Here the paper is torn, and three or four words are consequently illegible.217.Inghilterra, lib. vi., cap. 6, p. 513.218.He was then Confessor in the English College at Rome.219.Lib. vii., n. 44, p. 339.220.Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 92.221.Inghilterra, pp. 510, 512.222.Bartoli,Inghilterra, lib. vi., c. 6, p. 510.223.History of England, ed. 1849, vol. vii., p. 549.224.There is a letter extant from Father Blount, the Provincial, to the General, dated Feb. 10, 1632, which has been understood to relate to the accusation against Father Gerard, or to a similar accusation against some other member of the Society. It must, however, relate to some other matter, as it says,“Vivit enim adhuc author ipse criminis,”and that the alleged offence took place five years before the entrance into the Society of the Father in question.225.Oliver'sCollectanea S. J.226.Father Martin Grene wrote a letter (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. v., n. 69) to his brother, January 1, 1665, addressed,“for Mr. Christopher Grene, at Hilton”[Hilton,i.e., Hill-town, meant Rome, as in the same languagecustomerwas the Archpriest,physicianswere Priests,workmen, secular Priests,journeymen, Jesuits, &c.]. His brother had asked him to give what help he could to Father Bartoli. Speaking of the Gunpowder Plot, he says,“I had once occasion to inform myself of that history, and I found none better than the two books of Eudæmon Johannes, the oneAd actionem Edouardi Coqui Apologia pro P. Hen. Garnetto, the other,Parallelus Torti ac Tortoris. Though the things be there spread and scattered, yet they are (if collected) very pertinent to clear Father Garnett and ours; for example, among other things this is one, that the traitors had among themselves made an oath that they would never speak of their designs to any Priests, because they knew they would not allow of it; also, that they were specially offended with the Jesuits for preaching patience and submission. There are divers other circumstances which manifestly excuse ours. I had a relation made me by one of ours who had it in Civil [Seville], which clearly shows that the whole Plot was of Cecil's making; but it being only told by an old man, who forgot both times and persons, I believe I shall never make use of it. Yet I have heard strange things, which, if ever I can make out, will be very pertinent. For certain the late Bishop of Armagh, Usher, was divers times heard to say that if Papists knew what he knew, the blame of the Gunpowder Treason would not lie on them. And other things I have heard, which, if I can find grounded, I hope to make good use of. It may be if you write Civil to my brother Frank, he will, or somebody else there, give you some light in this business.”227.This Philip Beaumont was Father Oswald Tesimond,aliasGreenway, (More,Hist. Prov., l. vii., n. 40, p. 336).228.For our translation we are indebted to the pen of Father Kingdon. Portions of it have appeared in theMonth, and, rendered into French by Father Forbes, in theEtudes Théologiquesat Paris.229.Collectanea M, f. 52 h.230.“For whom He foreknew, He also predestinated to be made conformable to the image of His Son”(Rom. viii. 29).231.“If we be dead with Him, we shall also live with him: if we suffer, we shall also reign with Him”(2 Tim. ii. 11).232.“As you are partakers of the sufferings, so shall you be also of the consolation”(2 Cor. i. 7).233.“The flesh of Thy saints and the blood of them they have shed round about Jerusalem, and there was none to bury them”(1 Mach. vii. 17).234.“They were stoned, they were cut asunder, ... they were put to death by the sword, they wandered about in sheep-skins,”&c. (Heb. xi. 37).235.“No man cometh to the Father but by Me”(St. John xiv. 6).236.“Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and so to enter into His glory?”(St. Luke xxiv. 26).237.“You shall lament and weep, but the world shall rejoice, and you shall be made sorrowful.... In the world you shall have distress”(St. John xvi. 20, 33).238.“And your joy no man shall take from you”(St. John xvi. 22).239.“The gates of hell shall not prevail”(St. Matt. xvi. 18).240.“A great tempest arose in the sea, so that the boat was covered with waves”(St. Matt. viii. 24).241.“There came down a storm of wind upon the lake, and they were filled and were in danger”(St. Luke viii. 23).242.“I sleep and My Heart watcheth”(Cant. v. 2).243.“Stones, polished smooth by blow and pressure, are fitted together each in place by workman's hand, and set in order, ever to abide in the sacred fane.”244.The passages in this Preface enclosed in brackets are alterations in the original MS. made in another but contemporary handwriting. The erasures in the original are given in the footnotes.—Ed.245.I say.Orig.246.Such a Lord and so true and liberal a paymaster.Orig.247.Whip.Orig.248.To be inflamed.Orig.249.“For I mean not that others should be eased and you burthened, but by an equality. In this present time let your abundance supply their want, that their abundance also may supply your want”(2 Cor. viii. 13, 14).250.“Take unto you the armour of God, that you may be able to resist in the evil day and to stand in all things perfect”(Ephes. vi. 13).251.Catholics.Orig.252.For.Orig.253.Contrary party.Orig.254.Actors.Orig.255.Until the whole matter was plotted and prepared and had been without doubt.Orig.256.This discourse following.Orig.257.But the contrary from.Orig.258.But.Orig.259.“True justice hath compassion, but that which is false indignation.”260.Should.Orig.261.No impatience but zeal.Orig.262.Desperate.Orig.263.“Let us all die in our innocency, and heaven and earth shall be witnesses for us that you put us to death wrongfully.”“If we shall all do as our brethren have done, and not fight against the heathen for our lives and our justifications, they will now quickly root us out of the earth.”1 Mach. ii. 37, 40.264.But said one to another.Orig.265.This might seem to have come into their minds if we shall judge.Orig.266.That they will follow the rule of the Apostle, saying,“Fratres, si præoccupatus fuerit homo in aliquo delicto, vos qui spirituales estis hujusmodi instruite in spiritu lenitatis.”This is not to condemn them severely, to cry out against them, to inveigh bitterly against the men and their minds and intentions whatsoever: oh no,“in spiritu lenitatis,”saith the Apostle. We that be Catholics in England do all with one voice grant the fact to be evil, we neither did nor would for a world have concurred with the action; but we pity the persons whom we knew to be otherwise wise and circumspect as any they left behind them; yea, devout and zealous men as any one shall see in a kingdom, and divers of them of so tender consciences that they would not to save their life have deceived their neighbour of a penny, or wittingly have admitted the least offence to God.Orig.267.Not only“in the sun and dust”but“in blood”also and“many wounds.”268.“Bear ye one another's burdens, and so you shall fulfil the law of Christ”Gal. vi. 2.269.“The abomination of desolation standing in the holy place”(St. Matt. xxiv. 15).270.“Cæsar's friend”(St. John xix. 12).271.“I wished myself to be an anathema from Christ for my brethren”(Rom. ix. 3).272.“Of whom the world was not worthy”(Heb. xi. 31).273.“Lift up your heads because your redemption is at hand”(St. Luke xxi. 25).274.“The son of such great merits could not perish.”275.The passage within brackets is erased in the original.276.Sir Thomas Gerard.Erased in orig.277.Sir Thomas Gerard.Erased in orig.278.Underlinedin orig.probably for erasure.279.This whole paragraph is marked in the original.280.Were first beat till they cried, and then beaten for crying.Erased in orig.281.Interlined80 crownsand in another hand88 at least.282.“I will search Jerusalem with lamps”(Soph. i. 12).283.“For if in the green wood they do these things, what shall be done in the dry?”(St. Luke xxiii. 31).284.“For the time is that judgment should begin at the house of God. And if first at us, what shall be the end of them that believe not the Gospel of God?”(1 St. Peter iv. 17).285.“They have searched after iniquities: they have failed in their search ... and God shall be exalted: the arrows of children are their wounds”(Psalm lxiii. 7, 8).286.“For how can he otherwise appease his master, but with our heads?”(1 Kings xxix. 4).287.“Knowest thou not that it is dangerous to drive people to despair?”(2 Kings ii. 28).288.“The whole head is sick and the whole heart is sad”(Isaias i. 5).289.“Who hath not forsaken them that hope in Him”(Judith xiii. 17).290.“Who will not suffer you to be tempted above that which you are able, but will make also with temptation issue, that you may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13).291.“Who after you have suffered a little, will Himself perfect you and confirm you and establish you”(1 St. Peter v. 10).292.“She reacheth from end to end mightily and ordereth all things sweetly”(Wisd. viii. 1).293.“We must not do evil that good may come.”294.Where this kind of mark ¶ is found, my meaning is to have a new line begin.Orig. in marg.295.“Eructare verbum malum.”Orig.296.“That, as the right of hand to hand defence is of the Natural Law, the Superior cannot take it away, or enjoin the contrary.”297.“For they that will become rich, fall into temptation, and into the snare of the devil”(1 Tim. vi. 9).298.“Though we be cast into bonds as evil doers, and be brought before Kings and rulers as not being Cæsar's friends.”299.“Can peace be hurtful to religion?”300.“We have received your letters and accept them with all the reverence due to His Holiness and your Paternity. For my part four times up to the present I have hindered disturbances. Nor is there any doubt that we can prevent all public taking up of arms, as it is certain that many Catholics would never attempt anything of this sort without our consent, except under the pressure of a great necessity. But two things make us very anxious. The first is lest some in some one province should fly to arms, and that then very necessity should compel others to like courses. For there are not a few who will not be kept back by a mere prohibition of His Holiness. There were some who dared to ask, when Pope Clement was alive, whether the Pope could prohibit their defending their lives. They further say that no Priest shall know their secrets; and of us by name even some friends complain that we put an obstacle in the way of their plans. Now to soften these in some way, and at least to gain time, that by delay some fitting remedy may be applied, we have advised them that by common consent they should send some one to the Holy Father, which they have done, and I have sent him into Flanders to the Nuncio, that he may commend him to His Holiness, and I have sent by him letters explaining their opinions and the reasons on both sides. These letters are written at some length, as they will be carried very safely. And this for the first danger. The other is somewhat worse, for the danger is lest secretly some treason or violence be shown to the King, and so all Catholics may be compelled to take arms. Wherefore, in my judgment, two things are necessary: first, that His Holiness should prescribe what in any case is to be done; and then, that he should forbid any force of arms to the Catholics under censures, and by Brief publicly promulgated, an occasion for which can be taken from the disturbance lately raised in Wales, which has at length come to nothing. It remains that as all things are daily becoming worse, we should beseech His Holiness soon to give a necessary remedy for these great dangers, and we ask his blessing and that of your Paternity.”301.This date is an interlineation. Father Gerard has not noticed that the passage“I have a letter from Field,”&c., is taken from the PS. of this letter, and that the PS. bears date 21 Octobris. For this omission he has been severely blamed by Mr. Tierney.—Ed.302.“Hitherto thou shalt come, and shalt go no further, and here thou shalt break thy swelling waves”(Job xxxviii. 11).303.“All that take the sword, shall perish with the sword”(St. Matt. xxvi. 52).304.“Lest perhaps gathering up the cockle, you root up the wheat also together with it”(St. Matt. xiii. 29).305.“Every best gift and every perfect is from above”(St. James i. 17).306.Is above 60.Erased in Orig.307.Neither friends to their persons, nor friends to their religion.Erased in Orig.308.But this bruit, indeed, had been the likeliest way to increase their number by the resort of other Catholics from other countries, if the fact itself had not disliked other Catholics, and their minds had not been well prepared beforehand to refuse all such attempts by the persuasion of Father Garnett and others by his direction, according to the order sent from His Holiness and the like commandment also from Father General and Father Persons, as before hath been declared.Erased in Orig.309.But expecting belike that divers Catholic gentlemen of those countries (where there be very many, and some of great worth and large estates) should have come unto them. And Mr. Thomas Winter was sent unto one of the greatest (whose daughter Mr. Robert Winter aforesaid had married), but he caused his gates to be shut against him and would not so much as hear him speak. And yet the said gentleman was afterward in great trouble and had like to have lost all his estate, as bearing good-will unto them.Erased in Orig. The lines of erasure extend over the following sentence also.310.This must be in.Orig. in marg.311.Compare the German“Lohe,”a flame. Some English dictionaries give“Low,”a local and obsolete word, with the same meaning.—Ed.312.He also protested there was no more the conspiracy than those who had there published themselves by that public rising in arms.Erased in Orig.This is not good to be in, because of Mr. Tresham, who was one, and not with them.In marg. in another hand.313.If he lived so many days, he should have carried from that place and examined, etc.In marg. in yet another hand.314.And got to some friends' houses, where they lived safe for a month or more, but afterwards were discovered and taken.Erased in Orig.315.Let all this be in and stand for the end of this chapter, until you come to that which is blotted out.Orig. in marg.316.This must be in.Orig. in marg.317.All unto this place must be in.Orig. in marg.They affirmed constantly there were no other conspirators than were taken. And as for Priests, they did both then and at their death protest there was none in the action, insomuch that it was generally voiced and believed through England that there was no Priest accused or could be touched with the treason, which gave generally great satisfaction both to Catholics and others. And so in right it should still have continued; but the Puritans did much envy that they should be free from blame, upon whom they wished rather that all might light. And therefore they began to practise and work the contrary opinion, first in the King, and afterwards in public show unto the country, as shall afterwards appear.Erased in Orig.318.Who had much laboured to possess the King with that opinion as being most for their advantage.Erased in Orig.319.By which we may gather that their grief and motives were chiefly for the common cause, as was gathered before out of their own words and protestations.Erased in Orig.320.Concerning his opinion of his Catholic subjects.Erased in Orig.321.Upon this occasion of the disobedience in these few gentlemen.Erased in Orig.322.“Without faith it is impossible to please God”(Hebr. xi. 6).323.“For other foundation no man can lay but that which is laid”(1 Cor. iii. 11).324.“Which unless every one shall believe faithfully and firmly, he cannot be saved: and unless a man shall keep it whole and inviolate, without doubt he will perish for ever.”325.“The pillar and ground of the truth”(1 Tim. iii. 15).326.“My people have been silent because they had no knowledge; because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will reject thee”(Osee iv. 6).327.“Open thy mouth wide and I will fill it”(Ps. lxxx. 11).328.“A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can an evil tree bring forth good fruit”(St. Matt. vii. 18).329.“Not serving to the eye ... but ... as to the Lord”(Col. iii. 22, 23; Eph. vi. 6).330.“The pride of them that hate Thee ascendeth continually”(Ps. lxxiii. 23).331.Father William Weston was known by this name.—Ed.332.To be lions within when they seem lambs without.Erased in Orig.333.Bates was a very honest and devout man.Orig. in marg. in another hand.334.Poor.Erased in Orig.335.Earl of Suffolk.Erased in Orig.336.Of his ordinary abode.Erased in Orig.337.So that you are now in the King's mercy.Erased in Orig.338.And searching they will fail in their search.339.Whensoever it should please God to permit it.Erased in Orig.340.“Horribly and speedily will He appear to you, for a most severe judgment shall be for them that bear rule”(Wisd. vi. 6).341.One thing was observed by many at that time as markable in respect of the event, although the foresight were but casual, which was a prediction by one of their kind of prophets, one Gresham, a man of special fame amongst them for skill in astrology and making of almanacs, with certain predictions of events, not only of the weather, but of other accidental matters depending of man's free-will, and therefore far past his skill to divine of. Yet this man, in an almanac which he had set forth for that year of 1605, had assigned for every particular day some special event of things that should then happen. Amongst the rest, the mark which was set upon the day of the date of this proclamation, and in which it was published in London, was this,“Might against right;”which, seeing it was prepared and printed before the proclamation was thought of, it gave many cause to think that the pen of this man was guided by a better foresight than his own, and directed to set down the truth by the same power that could make the beast that Balaam rode upon to reprehend his master, and afterwards caused that covetous Prophet to bless the people of God and to foretell the truth, much against his own inclination and the intention of his coming.Erased in Orig.342.“For the anger of man worketh not the justice of God”(St. James i. 20).343.“No one can snatch them out of the hand of My Father”(St John i. 29).344.They are“delivered out of the hand of Herod, and from all the expectation of the people of the Jews”(Acts xii. 11).345.But his hour was come.346.“What will you give me?”(St. Matt. xxvi. 15).347.“What accusation bring you against”these men? (St. John xviii. 29).348.“For envy they had delivered”them (St. Matt. xxvii. 18).349.If they were not malefactors, the royal power would not have delivered them up.350.Greenway.Erased in Orig.351.“Perverting our nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar”(St. Luke xxiii. 2).352.“It is enough for the disciple that he be as his Master”(St. Matt. x. 25).353.Which was their“hour and the power of darkness”(St. Luke xxii. 53).354.If this be particularly set down in the former chapter, it may be here left out.Orig. in marg. in another hand.355.“With swords and clubs”(St. Matt. xxvi. 47).356.Into the hands of those that sought their life.357.Fed“with bread of affliction and water of distress”(3 Kings xxii. 27).358.That they may suffer together in this world, who are to reign together in the world to come.359.We“have fought a good fight,”we“have finished the course,”we“have kept the faith”(2 Tim. iv. 7).360.The crown of justice which was laid up for them, and for those also who love the coming of Christ.361.From this delation and accusation of his brother.362.Who must needs have a fling at it, because his place was not to speak much before, when the Council did examine him.Erased in Orig.363.“Their feet are swift to shed blood”(Psalm xiii. 3).364.According to the measure they have meted.365.As Job to the accusing enemy, to persecute by bloody interrogations and other vexations also, as they should find it needful, reserving his life.Erased in Orig.366.And God infatuated“the counsel of Achitophel”(2 Kings xv. 31).367.“I was in prison and you came to Me”(St. Matt. xxv. 36).368.“Which believeth all things, hopeth all things”(1 Cor. xiii. 7).369.This letter was so cunningly counterfeited that it could not be distinguished from Fr. Garnett his own hand, and it was signed also and so licensed to pass with the lieutenant his brand unto it. Yet all such necessaries as the Father writ for and the other sent were seized upon by the Lieutenant, and the Priest himself brought after in great trouble for returning this charitable answer.Erased in Orig.370.“Who had followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering unto Him”(St. Matt. xxvii. 55).371.“The world shall rejoice and you shall be made sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy ... and your joy no man shall take from you”(St. John xvi. 20, 22).372.“Woe to you that now laugh, for you shall mourn and weep”(St. Luke vi. 25).373.“The sensual man perceiveth not these things that are of the Spirit of God”(1 Cor. ii. 14).374.Which no man knoweth but he who receiveth it.375.But the time we cannot certainly learn.Erased in Orig.376.In so great a cloud of witnesses.377.To enlarge or restrain the seal of the secret.378.Being no causer of it himself, he should not have left them to themselves without seeking to divert them from their purpose; not knowing whether.Erased in Orig.379.And the confession being only of his knowledge what others had opened unto him of their intentions so long time after they had begun the practice.Erased in Orig.380.Of his knowledge thereof from him, and.Erased in Orig.381.The seal of the secret of confession.382.Ralph Ashley, for eight years Father Ouldcorne's servant, is believed, like Nicholas Owen, to have been a Lay-brother of the Society.—Ed.383.18 or 19.Erased in Orig.384.“The beginnings of sorrows”(St. Matt. xxiv. 8).385.But God“will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts”(1 Cor. iv. 5).386.Now I must set down their proceedings by course of law against the gentlemen that were the conspirators in the treason (of which I formerly treated), and this I will do in this chapter following.Erased in Orig.387.This great diligence and often iterated examinations of Father Garnett continued so long that it was almost the end of March before they could bring matters to that pass which hath been declared, and so that they might have any little show to prove the Father guilty against the laws of the realm for his only concealing of that which by the laws of God he could not reveal.Erased in Orig.388.The 27th.—Ed.389.Greeneway.Erased in Orig.390.As in the last chapter hath been declared.Erased in Orig.391.And with divers others.Erased in Orig.392.For with the same measure with which they shall have meted, it shall be measured to them again.393.And namely Fr. Gerard.Erased in Orig.394.Related in that discourse set forth by His Majesty, as I said before, was concluded of amongst themselves and.Erased in Orig.395.And that after they went into another chamber to confess and to receive the Blessed Sacrament: so that it appears most evidently by His Majesty's own narration of the conspirators their confessions that Mr. Attorney did that public audience speakordeliver, &c.Erased in Orig. The following passage in the text fromFor these be the wordstohe doth not knoware in the margin of the Orig.396.The sixth.—Ed.397.The ninth.—Ed.398.The ninth.—Ed.399.When he meant to publish those foresaid letters he had sent unto the Council, and did withal.Erased in Orig.400.That the craftsmen of death should perish by their own craft.401.As the Earl of Salisbury now is placed in.Erased in Orig.402.Of his knowledge touching Father Gerard his innocency.Erased in Orig.403.This clause may be omitted in this place, and serve better to be alleged in the last chapter.Orig. in marg.404.Who returned from the execution full of pity towards so worthy a man, yea, so full of admiration of his fortitude and great opinion of his devotion that they could talk almost of nothing else all that day.Erased in Orig.405.Here wants something.In another hand, erased in Orig.406.This sentence in the original is underlined, and marked with crosses in the margin.407.Impugn the known truth.408.In hatred of the Catholic faith.409.But the Commission was not read, which was expected as needful.Erased in Orig.410.“There is nothing hid, that shall not be revealed; nor secret that shall not be known”(St. Matt. x. 26).411.God“disappointeth the counsel of the wicked”(Job v. 13).412.Of many names but of no good name.413.Speaking signs, the testimonies of circumstances, and the confession of the accused.414.For that can never be said too often which cannot be sufficiently well learnt.415.Public praise is private blame.416.It is a mistake to use many means when a few will suffice.417.The author of an evil is more guilty than the actual perpetrator.418.The Ninth.—Ed.419.(So the Attorney, and truly it is a grief to pass forward in this narration and not to refute such absurd speeches as a man findeth therein, but if I should do so this chapter would be much too long, and it is already sufficiently done by others. He proceedeth:).Erased in Orig.The passage is in a different hand.420.“With the mouth confession is made unto salvation”(Rom. x. 10).421.While circumstances should remain as they were, and until it should be fitting to carry out the Bull.422.O well beloved of God, for whom the very air fights, and the winds conspire to come to the trumpet call.423.Prefect.Erased in Orig.424.To the Catholic Princes and Nobles of the whole Kingdom of England.425.When it shall happen that that miserable woman shall depart this life.426.Whatsoever be the nearness of blood on which his claim rests.427.Unexceptionable.428.Of a cunning and subtle wit and profound perfidy.429.Take away the faithless people from the boundaries of the Faithful, that we may joyfully give due praises unto Christ.430.This was the hymn of that time, being the Feast of All Saints, and so applied by Father Garnett to the hindrance of heretics in making heretical laws intended against Catholics.Erased in Orig.431.Thus he. But he did not know that my Lord of Salisbury would afterwards tell the case truly that it was done of policy. So we see that Mr. Attorney can add and diminish like a cunning orator.Erased in Orig.432.(Either mistaking or misreporting the state of the question).Erased in Orig.433.Loses the right of reigning.434.Dreamed of.Erased in Orig.435.His long discourse.Erased in Orig.436.“Of that day or hour no man knoweth, neither the Angels in heaven, nor the Son, but the Father”(St. Mark xiii. 32; Cf. St. Matt. xxiv. 36).437.“Go you up to this festival-day: but I go not up to this festival-day”(St. John vii. 8).438.“Then He also went up to the feast, not publicly, but as it were in private”(St. John vii. 10).439.In divinis.Erased in Orig.440.Albeit I must acknowledge.Erased in Orig.441.Long since.Erased in Orig.442.“Thou shalt gain thy brother”(St. Matt. xviii. 15).443.Upon means made unto me.Erased in Orig.444.This part may be omitted.In marg. against this sentence.445.Agreeing together against the anointed of the Lord (Vid.Psalm ii. 2).446.Indirect.Erased in Orig.447.Not to prohibit when possible, is to order.448.This may be left out.In marg.449.Which was indeed.Erased in Orig.450.In every place.Erased in Orig.451.That they might be crowned with mercies and compassion (Cf. Ps. iii. 4).452.Ralph Ashley, for eight years Father Ouldcorne's servant, is believed, like Nicholas Owen, to have been a Lay-brother of the Society.—Ed.453.The Lord Mounteagle's sister.Erased in Orig.454.As you might read in the beginning.Erased in Orig.455.Where it is ever found by those that seek it with a penitent heart, which he did, and acknowledged his fault to be exceeding great in betraying those Fathers. And both there publicly in the Shire Hall did ask Father Ouldcorne publicly forgiveness and again at the time of his execution, acknowledging that he had done both them and all the Catholics of England great wrong in being cause of their apprehension.Erased in Orig.456.I am uncertain whether he was condemned of felony or treason, because of harbouring a proclaimed traitor.In marg. in another hand.457.And the Bishops of Worcester in particular (whose prisoner he had been before that).Erased in Orig.458.But none of these causes could they prove, the Father showing that he had not sinned in anything, either against the law or against the King.459.In which case the gravest casuists of this time.Erased in Orig.460.But God, in Whom we can do all things, does not forsake them that hope in Him (Cf. Jud. xiii. 17).461.Being under the same condemnation, and not as yet fearing God (Cf. St. Luke xxii. 40).462.Blinded soul.Erased in Orig.463.The great blindness of heart.Erased in Orig.464.Are elected and.Erased in Orig.465.Believe and.Erased in Orig.466.Must needs be very.Erased in Orig.467.In the same place and.Erased in Orig.468.After the old account.Erased in Orig.469.Choosing rather without offence to fall into the hands of men than to sin in God's sight, and dying for justice's sake, they have gained the Kingdom of Heaven.470.Father Ouldcorne suffered April 7, 1606, æt. 45. So Dr. Oliver. Father Gerard,infra.p.285, says that he was“near fifty years old.”—Ed.471.Seven, according to Father Henry More.—Ed.472.Shippers.Erased in Orig.473.And finding it so in two or three trials.Erased in Orig.474.Father Southwell was executed February 21, 1595, æt. 34.—Ed.475.Father Weston was apprehended in 1586, and, after imprisonment in the Clink, was sent to Wisbech Castle in 1587. In 1598 he was prisoner in the Tower of London, and he was banished in 1603.—Ed.476.The place where he remained.Erased in Orig.477.Her name is given by Father More as Dorothy Abington.—Ed.478.He founded and governed nearly all the domestic churches in those parts.479.(As himself did constantly affirm unto me).Erased in Orig.480.And his head full of grey hairs, the rather occasioned by his much loss of blood before mentioned.Erased in Orig.481.Our Lord doing the will of those who fear Him.482.“I am come to send fire on the earth, and what will I but that it be kindled?”(St. Luke xii. 49).483.How“God is wonderful in His Saints”(Ps. xxii. 36).484.And of the signs by which it hath pleased God to show his innocency and martyrdom.Erased in Orig.485.To draw some other great person into.Erased in Orig.486.This may be considered whether it be convenient to be left out.In marg. in another hand.487.And he gloried in the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, in Whom is his salvation, life, and resurrection, by Whom he is saved and delivered.488.Dinner.Erased in Orig.489.Side.Erased in Orig.490.Dr. John Overal, afterwards Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, and Dr. George Abbot, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury.—Ed.491.Staying for him.Erased in Orig.492.And perceiving that there was no place of retiring, he began to speak of the present festivity of the Cross.Erased in Orig.493.In the matter.Erased in Orig.494.Further to be touched than he is.Erased in Orig.495.Went to the side of the scaffold.Erased in Orig.496.“We adore Thee, O Christ, and we bless Thee, because by Thy holy Cross Thou hast redeemed the world.”497.“Mary, Mother of grace, Mother of mercy, protect us from the enemy, and receive us at the hour of death.”498.“Into Thy hands, O Lord, I commend my spirit.”499.Again,“Maria mater gratiæ, Mater misericordiæ, tu nos,”etc.Erased in Orig.500.“By this sign of the Cross, may all that is wicked fly far away. Fix Thy Cross in my heart, O Lord.”501.(Unto which he was so much devoted).Erased in Orig.502.With a happy death.Erased in Orig.503.The chapter is unfinished.—Ed.504.And makes“with the temptation issue, that”we“may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13), bringing forth for us“water out of the rock”(Ps. lxxvii. 16),“and oil out of the hardest stone”(Deut. xxxii. 13).505.Making“the yoke”to“putrefy at the presence of the oil”(Is. xi. 27).506.The memory of the prisoner.Erased in Orig.507.Whosoever but he.Erased in Orig.508.Which“was a burning and a shining light”(St. John v. 35).509.“Saying, Indeed this was a just man”(St. Luke xxiii. 47).510.“We suffer tribulation, but are not distressed: we are straitened, but are not destitute: we suffer persecution, but are not forsaken: we are cast down, but we perish not”(2 Cor. iv. 8, 9).511.This was John Wilkinson, who afterwards became a student at St Omers, and on his death-bed in that College dictated a narrative of Father Garnett's execution and the finding of the straw, which is given by Father More,Hist. Prov. Angl. S. J., lib. vii., n. 35.—Ed.512.Is now a scholar in the English College at St. Omers.Erased in Orig.513.In such sort as it might not be espied.Erased in Orig.514.Her name was Griffin.—Ed.515.Two or three months.Interlined in Orig. Wilkinson himself says,“Paucis post diebus.”516.Father More says it was the Spanish Ambassador, and he gives an attestation of the Baron de Hobocque, dated in 1625, attesting that he had seen it in 1606, when he was in London as Ambassador of the Princes of the Netherlands.—Ed.517.Dr. Richard Bancroft.—Ed.518.The gentlewoman's.Erased in Orig.519.“Was one of them that were at table”(St. John xii. 2).520.Father Richard Blount, in a letter dated Nov. 8, 1606, says—“A Catholic person in London having kept, since the execution of Mr. Garnett, a straw that was embued in his blood, now these days past, being viewed again by the party and others, they espy in the ear of the straw a perfect face of a man dead, his eyes, nose, beard, and neck so lively representing Mr. Garnett, as not only in my eyes, but in the eyes of others which knew him, it doth lively represent him. This hath been seen by Catholics and Protestants of the best sort and divers others, who much admire it, &c. This you may boldly report, for, besides ourselves, a thousand others are witnesses of it.”And in another letter, dated March, 1607,“It cannot be a thing natural or artificial. The sprinkling of blood hath made so plain a face, so well proportioned, so lively shadowed, as no art in such a manner is able to counterfeit the like.”Father More, whose history was published in 1660, says that the straw was kept in the Jesuit College at Liége. The last mention we have met of it is by the Abbé Feller, in hisDictionnaire Historique, which was published at Liége in 1797, and therefore after the suppression of the Society,“L'épi est aujourdhui entre les mains d'un de mes amis, qui le conserve soigneusement”(Art. Garnett).521.Our.Erased in Orig.522.Who is“the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort, Who comforteth us in all our tribulation”(2 Cor. i. 3, 4).523.“A wall for the house of Israel”(Ezech. xiii. 5).524.Party.Erased in Orig.525.He desired“conditions of peace”(St. Luke xiv. 32).526.“All that”saw it began“to mock him”(St. Luke xiv. 29).527.But could he deceive or escape God?528.He who would save his life, lost it (Cf. St. Luke ix. 24).529.And in his folly did not foresee that that night they would require his soul of him (Cf. St. Luke xii. 20).530.Enjoying.Erased in Orig.531.Worthy.Erased in Orig.532.Supra.Erased in Orig.533.He“will not suffer”us“to be tempted above that which”we“are able; but will make also with temptation issue, that”we“may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13).534.Secret and.Erased in Orig.535.“Out of the abundance of the heart”(St. Matt. xii. 34).536.Beholding St. Stephen's conflict.—Erased in Orig.537.Nor even the gates of hell shall prevail (Cf. St. Matt. xvi. 18).538.Woe unto those who are chosen for the works of the strong, and are not fed with the food of the strong.539.Who remembered Daniel in the lions' den, and feeds even“the young ravens that call upon Him”(Ps. cxlvi. 9).540.Whose very hairs are numbered (Cf. St. Matt. x. 30).541.Here must be added the oath, and some few words after, to bring in the other chapter.In marg.542.Establish and.Erased in Orig.543.Usually.Erased in Orig.544.“We have found”these men“perverting our nation”(St. Luke xxiii. 2).545.“And forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar”(Ibid).546.In Roma.Erased in Orig.547.And saying that they have another Christ and King.548.Which Himself denied not to Pilate to be in the world, though it were not a kingdom of the world.Erased in Orig.549.To speak“against Cæsar”(St. John xix. 12).550.“Cæsar's friend”(Ibid).551.“Crucify, crucify”(St. Luke xxiii. 21).552.Our Prince.Erased in Orig.553.By.Erased in Orig.554.Cite.Erased in Orig.555.Heresy.Erased in Orig.556.As by the contents of that book, &c.Erased in Orig.Elizab. cap. 1°.557.And abettors.Erased in Orig.558.So keeping.Erased in Orig.559.According to.Erased in Orig.560.Foreign countries.Erased in Orig.561.Authority.Erased in Orig.562.This.Erased in Orig.563.“My little finger is thicker than the back of my father. And now my father put a heavy yoke upon you, but I will add to your yoke: my father beat you with whips, but I will beat you with scorpions”(3 Kings xii. 10, 11).564.Here must be added the chief laws made in the third year of the King's reign. And after that some few lines to show how much Catholics must needs suffer under so heavy a yoke, more than they do under the Turk or any other Government, and how hard it is for Catholics to live in such trials, being so barred the Sacraments and helps, according to that of St. Bernard,“Væ illis qui assumuntur in fortium et non aluntur fortium.”In marg.

Footnotes1.“William Gerard, son of William who died at Eton-hall in 26 Edward III. [1352], by his marriage with Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir Peter Bryn de Brynhill, convertible into Sir Peter Brynhill de Bryn, became possessed of Bryn, Ashton, and other estates, which have remained in the Gerards of Bryn ever since.”...“This family have had four seats within the township of Ashton, viz., Old Bryn, abandoned five centuries ago; New Bryn, erected in the reign of Edward VI.; Garswood, taken down at the beginning of the present century; and the New Hall, the present residence of the family, built by the Launders about the year 1692, and purchased by the Gerards forty years ago”(Baines,Hist. of Lancaster, 1836, vol. iii., pp. 637, 639).2.Infrap.27.3.Tutbury is in Staffordshire, on the borders of Derbyshire, near to Etwal.4.Public Record Office,Domestic, Elizabeth, vol. 215, n. 19.“Return of Prisoners in the Tower,”endorsed in Lord Burghley's hand,“2 Julii, 1588”[an error for August].“April 1, 1585.Imprimis, the Earl of Arundel, prisoner three years four months.... August 23, 1586. Sir Thomas Gerard, Knight, prisoner one year eleven months: indicted for treason.”At the end of the list are the names of five Priests“committed for religion.”From the Tower Sir Thomas Gerard was removed to the Counter in Wood-street (Domestic, Eliz., vol. 217, n. 27).5.Sir Gilbert Gerard was of the family of the Gerards of Ince, a younger branch of the Gerards of Bryn. His eldest son, Sir Thomas, was the first Lord Gerard of Gerards Bromley.6.Domestic, Eliz., vol. 187, n. 48, viii.7.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 251, n. 14. Feb. 3, 1595.8.Probably Edmund Lewckener, who appears in the College books as one of the new fellows on Sir W. Petre's foundation in 1566.9.Prece vel pretio (MS.).10.John Elmer, Bishop of London from 1576 to 1588.11.There were 47 Catholics in the prison, of whom 11 were Priests, amongst whom were William Hartley and John Adams, future martyrs, and William Bishop, the first Vicar Apostolic (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 170, n. 11).12.In a letter dated October 3, 1614 (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., iv., 24), Father Gerard says that“7 florins of Liége make but 6 of Brabant, 12s. English.”So we may turn his florins into pounds by taking off the last cypher.13.Another occasion may present itself for placing before the reader the many anecdotes of the English Martyrs related in the Autobiography, that are now passed over.14.Father Gerard was present, he says, at the martyrdom of William Thomson, who suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1586. Father Holt became Rector of the English College at Rome, October 24, 1586; and the name of John Gerard is the first entry for 1587 in the College Catalogue.15.When Father Gerard has occasion, in his Narrative of the Powder Plot, to relate what he knows of Father Ouldcorne's history, he gives an account of this journey (infr.p.279).16.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz.vol. 217, n. 81.17.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 199, nn. 95, 96.18.Ibid, vol. 217, n. 3. The Calendar gives for its date Oct. 1, 1588. The postscript of the letter bears the date“8 Septembris.”19.They both suffered in Fleet Street; Christopher Bales on March 4, 1590, and George Beesley on July 2, 1591. They were condemned under the statute 27 Elizabeth, for being made Priests beyond the seas and exercising their functions in England.20.Ad subcuratorem pacis, et ad censorem (MS.). The above are conjectural renderings. These seem to have been only village officials.21.Irenarchâ aut curatore pacis (MS.).22.Ut vanitas veritatem occultet (MS.).23.Father William Weston, commonly called Father Edmonds.24.The name“Yelverton”is added in the margin. Sir Christopher Yelverton was at this time Queen's Serjeant, and subsequently Speaker of the House of Commons, and Puisne Judge of the King's Bench. He died in 1607. His son, Sir Henry Yelverton, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, condemned Father Edmund Arrowsmith in 1628, and died in the January following.25.Dr. Andrew Perne, Master of Peter-house, Cambridge, and second Dean of Ely. He is incidentally mentioned by Miss Strickland as having changed his religion four times (Lives of the Queens of England, vol. vii., p. 208).26.“It [Braddocks] seems to have been formerly moated round, and two sides of the moat remain at present”(Morant,History of Essex, London, 1768, vol ii., p. 559).27.Their names appear in 1580, among the signatures of the thirty Nuns of Sion, then at Rouen, in a petition to the Catholics of England, praying them not to allow“the only Religious Convent remaining of our country”to perish for want of support (Public Record Office,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 146, n. 114). The convent reached Lisbon in 1594, and in 1863 returned to England and settled at Spetisbury, near Blandford. It is the only Religious House in England that can trace an unbroken descent from a foundation made before the Reformation. Sion House was founded by Henry V. in 1413.28.William is said to have been knighted at a later date. Three baronetcies were conferred on various branches of the family, William of Canfield (1628), Richard of Thundersley (1628), and Sir William Wiseman, Knight, of Riverhall (1660). The two last mentioned are extinct. The Wisemans of Braddocks were descended from John Wiseman, Esq., ancestor of the present baronet, who purchased the estate in Northend about 1430, and was the first of the family who lived in Essex.29.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 247, n. 3.30.“While the house at Sawston was erecting, Sir Edmund resided on his estates in Essex, and served the office of Sheriff for that county in 20, 21, [1578-9] and 30 Elizabeth”[1588] (Burke'sLanded Gentry, 1850, vol. i., p. 602).31.The relationship is by affinity and half-blood. Jane, daughter of Sir William Dormer, by his first wife, Mary Sidney, married Don Gomez Suarez, Count of Feria; and Dorothy's father, Robert Lord Dormer, was a son of Sir William, by his second wife, Dorothy Catesby (Burke'sPeerage).32.Lady Penelope Devereux, daughter of Walter first Earl of Essex, wife of Robert third Lord Rich, afterwards Earl of Warwick.33.Charles Blount, eighth Baron Mountjoy, who in 1603 was created Earl of Devonshire. He was married December 26, 1605, to Lady Rich, after her divorce, and in the lifetime of her husband, by William Laud, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. The Earl of Devonshire died in a few months after this marriage, April 3, 1606.34.William Wiseman, Richard Fulwood, and Ralph Willis were with Father Gerard at Lady Gerard's house before Michaelmas, 1592 (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248, n. 103).35.Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, was beheaded at York, in 1572. He had four daughters: Elizabeth, wife of Richard Woodroff; Lucy, wife of Sir Edward Stanley; Jane, wife of Lord Henry Seymour; and Mary, the second Abbess of the English Benedictine Convent at Brussels.36.This venerable Community was transferred in 1794 to Winchester, and in 1857 to East Bergholt, in Suffolk. This was the first English Convent founded after the Reformation, and the first to come to England at the French Revolution.37.When this was written, the strict laws of Urban VIII. had not yet been made, which forbid the introduction of any public religious veneration except by the authority of the Holy See.38.Defecerunt scrutantes scrutinio (MS.).39.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248, n. 103.40.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 247, n. 3.41.“Robert Wiseman, her other son, is also an obstinate recusant and will by no means take the oath. He is prisoner in the Clink.”(Young, Apr. 14, 1594. P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 68).42.The Lady Mary Percy, of whom mention has been previously made. She“was a devout Catholic, and had come to London a little before my imprisonment, to get my help in passing over to Belgium, there to consecrate herself to God. She was staying at the house of her sister,”who had lost the faith, Jane, the wife of Lord Henry Seymour, with whose Protestant servants Father Gerard was confronted later on.“I dined with them on the day the witnesses mentioned. It was Lent; and they told how their mistress ate meat, while the Lady Mary and I ate nothing but fish ”(infr.p.lxviii.).43.He had previously said that“between Midsummer and Michaelmas last, Scudamore the Priest was there by the name of John Wiseman and stayed there one night.”John was apparently the name of the younger Jesuit, who died in the Novitiate at Rome.44.Amongst the letters seized at Braddocks in a search apparently in 1592, was one“sent by Dolman the Priest to Mrs. Wiseman, dated 28 die Jun., advertizing her of her son Thomas and her son John their healths, and of his going to Wisbech, and that he was sorry her daughter Jane had no warning whereby she might have wrote an epistle in Latin to the Priests at Wisbech, that they might have understood her zeal”(P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 243, n. 95).45.P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 68.46.Young adds,“Mr. Wiseman and his mother had many more servants, both men and maids, all which were recusants, and none of them would come to church, to the great offence and scandal of all Her Majesty's good subjects in that country.”47.Stonyhurst MSS.P., ii., p. 550.48.Mr.“Homulus”is Ralph Emerson, the Lay-brother, of whom Father Campion wrote to the General,“Homulus meus et ego”(infr.p.lxx). It was of the greatest consequence that no names to strike the eye should appear in letters, in case they were intercepted.49.Probably White Webbs in Enfield Chase, called“Dr. Hewick's house”(P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 70).50.P. R. O.,Dom. Eliz., vol. 248, n. 36.51.In the original the words“is Richard Fulwood”are interlined, and“he will not tell”underlined or erased.52.Being learned.Erased in Orig.53.It was of the last importance for the friends of a prisoner to know, if possible, what replies he had really given, not only that they might take measures, if necessary, for their own safety, but also that they might know how far to go in their own answers when summoned. The persecutors were constantly in the habit of publishing all sorts of pretended replies which they said had been given by prisoners in their secret examinations, so that prisoners seized every possible opportunity of communicating the truth to their friends, often, as we shall see, in the most ingenious way.54.It will be noticed, both from this passage and many others, that the persecuted Catholics followed that common doctrine of theologians, maintained also by many Protestant moralists, that an unjust oppressor has no right, by the law of God, to exact or expect true answers from his victims, if such true answers would help his unjust designs, except where the question is of the faith of the prisoner. It is quite likely that many will be startled now-a-days at such direct denials, owing to our present freedom from those extreme circumstances in which such denials were then made. Their own lives were at stake, or those of other innocent persons, whom it would have been a sin to betray; and for those persons' sake, if they held such denials to be lawful, they were bound to make them. The English law, with a tenderness then unknown, would now protect a man from all efforts to make him criminate himself. The persecutors themselves, who showed so great indignation at their victims' falsehoods, told lies systematicallyin order to ensnare the Catholics; a thing which no code of morality ever countenanced, whether Catholic or Protestant. We propose to discuss this subject more fully in the sequel.55.This was the unfortunate Countess of Arundel, whose husband, Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel, was at this time (1594) in the tenth year of his imprisonment in the Tower. He died the following year in the same prison, the noblest victim to the jealous and suspicious tyranny of Elizabeth,non sine veneni suspicione, as his epitaph still testifies.56.This holy martyr's true name was Nicholas Owen. Father Gerard gives an interesting account of him in the Narrative of the Powder Plot (infrap.182).57.We learn from Frank that it was called Middleton's.58.Sir Thomas Egerton, afterwards Lord Ellesmere and Viscount Brackley, was Attorney General at this date, 1594, and Lord Chancellor in 1609, when this was written. His having been a Catholic is not mentioned by his biographers.59.Father Gerard was first confined in the Counter, as he tells us later. Father Garnett in one of his letters speaks of the Counter as“a very evil prison and without comfort.”There were in London three prisons of this name: the Counter, a part of the parish church of St. Margaret in Southwark; the Counter in the Poultry,“some four houses west from the parish church of St. Mildred”; and the new Counter in Wood-street, removed from Bread-street in 1555 (Stow'sSurvey of London, ed. Thoms, pp. 99, 131).60.Even the gentle Father Southwell could not but show his estimate of this reprobate man. We translate the following from Father More'sHistory of the English Province, l. v., n. 15.“Though he readily answered the questions of others, yet if Topcliffe interposed he never deigned him a reply; and when asked the cause of this, he answered:‘Because I have found by experience that the man is not open to reason.’”61.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. ii., n. 27;P., vol. ii., f. 604.62.This was a prison in Southwark, adjoining the palace of the Bishops of Winchester. In Father More's Latin Narrative it appears asAtrium Wintoniense.“It was a small place of confinement on the Bankside, called the Clink from being the prison of the‘Clink liberty or manor of Southwark,’belonging to the Bishops of Winchester”(Brayley,History of Surrey, vol. 5, p. 348).63.Father Garnett writes, Nov. 19, 1594:“Sir Thomas Wilks goeth into Flanders, as it is thought for peace; whereupon the arraignment of the three Jesuits, Southwell, Walpole, and Gerard, is stayed. Gerard is in the Clink, somewhat free; the other two so close in the Tower that none can hear from them”(Stonyhurst MSS.,P., ii., p. 550).64.“There is a little fellow called Ralph, who is in England for Father Persons, is a great dealer for all the Papists; he is a very slender, brown little fellow”(Confession of Ralph Miller. P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 173, n. 64).65.John Rigby suffered at St. Thomas' Watering, June 21, 1600, for having been reconciled by a Catholic Priest.66.Ann Line executed at Tyburn, Feb. 27, 1601, for harbouring a Catholic Priest.“She told her confessor, some years before her death, that Mr. Thomson (Blackburn), a former confessor of hers, who ended his days by martyrdom in 1586, had promised her, that if God should make him worthy of that glorious end he would pray for her, that she might obtain the like happiness”(Challoner, from Champney's MS. History).67.Francis Page, S.J., suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1602, for his Priesthood.68.These words are given in the MS. in English.69.Roger Filcock, S.J.,aliasArthur, executed for his Priesthood, with Mark Barkworth,aliasLambert, O.S.B., and Ann Line, at Tyburn, Feb. 27, 1601.70.John Jones,aliasBuckley, suffered at St. Thomas' Watering, July 12, 1598; and Robert Drury at Tyburn, Feb. 26, 1607, for being Priests in England.71.Tres valedictiones mundo datæ a tribus in diverso statu morientibus (MS.).72.Qualis vita, finis ita (MS.).73.“Morbum regium”(MS.). Consumption is a form of scrofula, or King's evil, and seems to be the form most likely to be brought on by the causes here mentioned. In classical Latin, however,morbus regiussignifiesjaundice; and this may be the meaning here.74.Father Bartoli, in hisInghilterra(bk. v., ch. 13), has the following passage about Father Gerard, whom he knew personally at Rome:“At his first entrance into this prison (the Clink) he procured himself a habit of the Society, and continued to wear it from that time forward, even in the face of all London when he was being taken to his different examinations; so that the people crowded to see a Jesuit in his habit, while the preachers were all the more exasperated at what they thought an open defiance of them.”Father Weston in his Narrative (Father Laurenson's copy, p. 93) gives it as one of the signs that warned Catholics that Anthony Tyrrel was wavering in his faith, that without any necessity, in the Clink prison, he would wear secular dress. His own clerical costume in prison he mentions as a matter of course.“Egressus sum sequenti die, mutato habitu in sæcularem”(p. 98).75.The Gatehouse prison, near the west end of the Abbey,“is so called of two gates, the one out of the College court towards the north, on the east side whereof was the Bishop of London's prison for clerks convict; and the other gate, adjoining the first, but towards the west, is a gaol or prison for offenders thither committed”(Stow, p. 176).76.The celebrated theologian and controversialist, Dr. Sanders, was sent as Papal Legate into Ireland by Gregory XIII. in 1579.77.Gabriel Goodman, Dean of Westminster from 1561 to 1601.78.William Atkinson, the apostate Priest, in a letter to Blackwell the Archpriest, dated Apr. 9, 1602, said that he was in prison with Father Gerard (Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 416). This man dared to offer to poison the Earl of Tyrone in a host (P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 251, n. 49).79.Henry Walpole, S.J., was executed at York, April 7, 1595, for his Priesthood.80.It was Father Walpole's custom to make notes of his conferences with ministers. In the Public Record Office (Domestic, Eliz., vol. 248., n. 51) there is an interesting record in his own hand of his discussions while he was in the custody of Outlaw, the pursuivant.81.Edmund Campion, S.J., suffered at Tyburn, Dec. 1, 1581, for a pretended conspiracy at Rome and Rhemes. The Act of 27 Elizabeth (1585), which made the mere presence of a Priest in England high treason, had not yet been passed.82.This was said, of course, because it was dangerous to mention the names of any friends who were still at liberty. It could do no harm to mention those already in prison.83.Domestic, Eliz., vol. 262, n. 123.84.As he supposed.Erased.85.Denieth that.Erased.86.Denieth that.Erased.87.Thinketh that somesubstituted forknoweth who.88.Caresubstituted forcharge.89.Maintenance of, &c,interlined.90.The name ... personinterlined in place ofto whom.91.By what namesubstituted forto whom.92.The spelling in those days was simply reckless. Father Gerard signs this Examination“Jhon Gerrard;”it is endorsed“Jo. Jerrard;”and Sir Edward Coke's note on it is“Jarrard.”It becomes difficult to know how to print proper names;e.g., Campion or Campian, Persons or Parsons, Garnet or Garnett, Ouldcorne or Oldcorn. In the Narrative of the Gunpowder Plot the form of name is adopted that is most prevalent in the autograph from which it is printed.93.On the back of a playing card (the seven of spades), which is attached to the original document, is written in Sir Edward Coke's handwriting:“Polewhele 1Walpole 1PatCullen 1Annias 31Willms 1SquierJarrard 1.”Polewhele, Patrick Cullen or O'Collun, Williams, and Squire were all executed for high treason, the latter on the accusation of having, at Father Walpole's instigation, poisoned the pommel of Elizabeth's saddle. Annias apostatized after two years' imprisonment.94.Scirpicula quaedam duo vel tria ex juncis facta (MS.). It is not easy to understand exactly what these were.95.Father Gerard's great stature could not be more clearly indicated. This would of course involve a greater weight of body, and consequently greater severity in this mode of torture.“Erat enim,”says Father More, in his History,“pleno et procero corpore.”96.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 547.97.Ibid.,Angl. A., vol. ii., n. 27; P., vol. ii., f. 604.98.Ibid.,P., vol. ii., f. 548.99.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 601.100.These arguments are purposely omitted in this place, and they are reserved for insertion later, when we propose to examine into the morality of the answers made by Father Gerard and others in their judicial interrogations.101.We find from an extract of one of Father Garnett's letters in the Stonyhurst MSS. that this gentleman's name was Arden.“Oct. 8, 1597. Upon St. Francis' day at night broke out of the Tower one Arden and Mr. Gerard the Jesuit. There is yet no inquiry after him”(P., vol. ii., f. 548). Father Bartoli, also, and Father More mention Arden as the name of Father Gerard's companion. Francis Arden was committed to the Tower, Feb. 22, 1584. He was probably a relation of Edward Arden, who was hanged Dec. 23, 1583,“protesting his innocence of every charge, and declaring that his only crime was the profession of the Catholic religion”(Rishton'sDiary in the Tower).102.The number of piers in Old London Bridge was so large, and offered so great an obstruction to the water, that it was always a service of danger to pass under the arches while the tide was running, and often the river formed a regular cataract at this part.103.The distance would be something over half a mile.104.Our readers will remember that at this time each side of the bridge was lined with houses, which looked sheer down into the river.105.Oct. 4, 1597, says Father Bartoli (Inghilterra, p. 426) quoting Father Garnett's letter of Oct. 8.106.Quod differtur, non aufertur (MS.).107.This may very likely be White Webbs in Enfield Chase.108.Atkinson was not always so unsuccessful. Sir Robert Cecil endorsed the letter quoted in a former note,“Atkinson's letter, the Priest that discovered Tychburn and was brought me by Mr. Fouler.”Thomas Tichburn suffered at Tyburn, April 20, 1601, for his Priesthood.109.The Knight Marshal had jurisdiction within the precincts of the Court, that is, twelve miles from the lodging of the Sovereign, even on a progress, though not a chase. The Marshalsea was the prison originally attached to the King's house, and at first was intended only for the committal of persons accused of offences within the jurisdiction of the Knight Marshal. It stood in High-street, Southwark, on the south side, between King-street and Mermaid-court, over against Union-street (Cunningham'sHandbook of London, p. 316). Queen Elizabeth's Knight Marshal was Sir Thomas Gerard, already mentioned as created by King James Lord Gerard of Gerard's Bromley.110.About this time Father Garnett thought of sending Father Gerard out of England, evidently from fear lest, owing to his zeal, he should be recaptured and be still more hardly dealt with, for on March 31, 1598, he wrote to Rome, probably to Father Persons:“Father Gerard is much dismayed this day when I wrote to him to prepare himself to go. He came to me of purpose. Indeed he is very profitable to me, and his going would be wondered at. I hope he will walk warily enough.... You know my mind; if you think it good, I desire his stay. All the rest are well”(Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 551).111.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 233, n. 3.112.“He was sent to Tournay for his Noviceship in 1594, and towards the end of his second year over-application had so injured his head that he had to be forbidden to use any kind of prayer. Sent to recruit in his native air, he passed through Holland on his way to England. At Flushing he was taken by some English soldiers. The letter he was carrying showing who he was, they threatened him with torture unless he would say who had brought him over from Rotterdam. He was ready to confess anything about himself, but he would say nothing of any one else; so, instead of offering, as he had hoped to do that day, the Sacrifice of the Body of Christ, he offered that of his own, to undergo anything rather than injure others. They hung him up by the hands to a pulley, and then tortured him by twisting a sailor's rope round his head. During the torture he fixed his mind on the eternity of either pain or joy, and uttered nothing but‘O eternity!’The harm the soldiers tried to do him turned out a remedy; for the head-ache and singing in the head, from which he had suffered in the Noviceship, diminished from that time and gradually ceased. He was taken to London in custody and committed to Bridewell, where his cell was an utterly unfurnished turret. He bed was the brick floor and a little straw, till he was helped by the care and charity of his Catholic fellow-prisoners, and of our Father Gerard. The latter, who was in the Clink, kept up a secret correspondence with him, and came to his help both with his advice and money. After about seven months he succeeded in making his escape through the tiling, together with two other Priests and seven laymen”(Father More,Historia Provinciæ, l. viii., c. 23).113.The confession of Ralph Myller (9 Oct. 1584) gives us an insight into the late Lord Vaux's London house:“This examinant did afterwards meet one Robert Browne, who hath an uncle a Priest with the Lord Vaux, who is a little man with white head, and a little brown hair on his face, goeth in an ash-colour doublet coat and a gown faced with cony, and he was made Priest long sithence at Cambray as this examinate thinketh. This examinant spoke with the Lord Vaux and with his lady at Hackney, after that his son, Mr. George, and the said Robert Browne had told him that this examinant was a tailor of Rhemes; and on Sunday was fortnight this examinant did hear Mass there, whereat were present about xviii. persons, being my lord's household, and the Priest last before named said the Mass. The said Priest lieth in a chamber beyond the hall, on the left hand the stair that leadeth to the chambers, and the Mass is said in the chapel, being right over the port entering into the hall; and the way into it is up the stair aforesaid, on the left hand, at the further end of the gallery: and there is a very fair crucifix of silver”(P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 173, n. 64).114.Anne Vaux and Eleanor, widow of Edward Brooksby, daughters of William third Lord Vaux, by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John Beaumont of Gracedieu, in Leicestershire, Esq. The mother of George Vaux was Mary, sister of Sir Thomas Tresham, of Rushton, in Northamptonshire, Knight.115.Sir Christopher Hatton, who died childless, November 21, 1591, had built a country house at Stoke Pogis, Bucks (Campbell'sLives of the Chancellors, 3rd edit., vol. ii., p. 180).116.Patrem Pulvium (MS.). We give the English form of the name on the authority of Dr. Oliver, in hisCollectanea, s.v. Pullen.117.In the Public Record Office there is a letter, dated July 22, 1599, purporting to be from Francis Cordale to his partner Balthasar Gybels, at Antwerp, which says,“I wrote to you of one Mr. Heywood's house searched and a man there taken. I have learned his name since to be John Lilly. He is sent to the Tower upon suspicion of helping Gerard the Jesuit out of the same place”(Domestic, Eliz., vol. 271, n. 107).118.Tali loco qui vocaturSpitell(MS). Spitalfields, a district without Bishopsgate, once belonged to the Priory and Hospital of St. Mary Spital, founded in 1197, in the parish of St. Botolph (Cunningham'sHandbook of London, p. 463).119.John Lilly entered the Society Feb. 2, 1602, æt. 37 (Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 429).120.In the margin of the MS. is written“Digbæus,”in the same hand as the text.121.George Abbot was appointed Dean of Winton in 1559, in 1609 Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, from which in about a month he was translated to London, and thence in 1611 to Canterbury. In July, 1621, as he was shooting at a deer with a cross-bow, he shot the keeper, for which King James gave him a dispensation. In 1627 he was sequestered from his office, and his metropolitan jurisdiction put into commission, but about a year after he was restored. He died at Croydon, Aug. 4, 1633, æt. 71.122.Richard de Burgh, commonly called Richard of Kinsale, from his conduct at that place, Baron of Dunkellin, succeeded his father as fourth Earl of Clanricarde, May 20, 1601. He was subsequently made Earl of St. Albans, and died Nov. 12, 1635. He married Frances, daughter and heiress of Sir Francis Walsyngham, Knight, widow of Robert second Earl of Essex. She died in 1632. Thus Walsyngham's only child became a Catholic.123.Qui nunc in rure est (MS.). An evident mistake of the copyist for“in turre,”as is clear from a former passage, where Father Gerard says,“Father Thomas Strange is at present suffering imprisonment in the Tower of London, where he has had to undergo many grievous tortures, and a long solitary confinement. This solitude indeed, if we look only to his natural disposition, cannot but be very irksome and oppressive to him; butheis not solitary who has God always present with him, consoling him, and supplying in an eminent degree and full abundance all those comforts which we are wont to go begging for from creatures.”124.Sir Ambrose Vaux, Prior of St. John of Jerusalem.125.This name is written“Lathuilli”in the MS. English names frequently suffer at the hands of this copyist. We have restored the true name by the aid of Dr. Oliver'sCollectanea.126.Father Gerard here gives a summary of his Narrative of the Gunpowder Plot.127.In a letter addressed by Father Ouldcorne to the Council, dated March 25, 1606, in which he relates all that had passed in the Tower between Father Garnett and himself, but in a way that could not be hurtful to either, the following passage occurs.“Also Mr. Garnett told me that while he was in the Gatehouse he received a note written in orange (but he told me not from whom) whereby he understood that Father Tesimond was gone over sea, and that Father Gerard would presently follow him after he had recovered a little more strength:‘whereby’(said Garnett)‘I gather he hath been lately in some secret place, as we were; but by this I hope he hath recovered his strength, and is also past over the sea’”(P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 214).128.Both Father Bartoli and Father More remark that Father Gerard was admitted to the solemn vows of a Professed Father by a special favour, as his learning, owing to the short course of study through which he had passed, fell short of that which the Society requires as a condition of Profession. Father Bartoli says that this“most rare but most just privilege”was conferred on him,“as virtue, in which he exceeded the standard, supplied for the studies in which he fell short of it”(Inghilterra, p. 586).129.Bartoli,Inghilterra, pp. 586, 592.130.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 111.131.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 68, n. 67, and vol. 71, n. 24; Chamberlain to Carleton.132.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 70, nn. 25, 46, 55; dated August 3, 12, and 20, 1612.133.P. R. O.,Sign. Man., vol. iii., n. 6.134.Rymer'sFœdera, t. xviii., f. 44.135.P. R. O.,Proclamation Book, p. 121.136.P. R. O.,Domestic, Eliz., vol. 165, n. 21.137.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 18, n. 19.138.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 47, n. 96.139.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 16, n. 88; vol. 18, n. 4.140.P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 18, n. 19.141.Bartoli,Inghilterra, p. 586.142.Hist. Prov., lib. vii., n. 43, p. 339.143.Archives of the English College at Rome,Scritture, vol. 30; 1632.144.Stonyhurst MSS., Father Grene'sMiscell. de Coll. Angl., p. 19.145.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 70.146.More,Hist. Prov., lib. vii., cap. 3, p. 291.147.More,Hist. Prov., lib. viii., n. 8, p. 355.148.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 5.149.This is Father Thomas Laithwaite, also called Kensington (More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 1, p. 391;suprap.clxxvi).150.In 1617, Sir Thomas Leeds was Prefect and Sir Ralph Babthorpe Secretary of the Congregation of the Blessed Virgin at Louvain (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 47). A considerable number of Catholic families had settled in Louvain, and in 1614 they were disturbed by a summons to appear in England under pain of losing their possessions. On a remonstrance being made by the Spanish Ambassador, King James disclaimed the summons, on which the magistrates of Louvain expelled the pursuivant from the town (More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 10, p. 406).151.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 6.152.The Archduke Albert, Governor of Flanders.153.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 7.154.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 17.155.Ibid., n. 22.156.Father Gerard bought a house and ten acres of land; and the price was less than“200l.in present money and the rent of 30l.with which the house and grounds are already charged, which then we may redeem by little and little, as we get friends to buy it out”(Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 23). As the rent could be redeemed at fifteen years' purchase, the whole price was thus under 650l.157.More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. II, p. 406.158.“Sir Basil Brooke telleth that our German friend is very well at his house, and in protection of the King, that Canterbury has used him very kindly, and entreated him, as one whose scholarship is famous, to make use of his library [as] it shall please him.”Father Silisdon to Father Owen, August 25, 1614. Endorsed by Father Owen—“Sir Geo. Talbott well entertained by K. and Cant.”(Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 17).159.More,Hist. Prov., lib. ix., n. 15, p. 414.160.Ibid., pp. 415, 424. Maximilian had two sons by his second wife, Mary Anne of Austria, when he was over 60 years of age, and the eldest he named Ignatius.161.The Priory of Watten, with its revenue of 3000 florins of Brabant, was transferred to the Society in 1611 by James Blase, O. S. F., Bishop of St. Omers. The proposal had been approved of by the King of Spain in 1604, and by Pope Paul V. in 1607, but the jealousy of the English felt by the Archduke Albert delayed the establishment of an English Novitiate there till his death in 1622 (More,Hist. Prov., lib. vii., nn. 5-7, lib. ix., n. 17, pp. 294-298, 416).162.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 20.163.They soon increased in numbers, for in 1617 Father More says there was a Community at Liége of 45, of whom 30 were Novices (p. 424).164.Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 29.165.Ibid., n. 23.166.Infrap.110.167.Stonyhurst, MSS.,Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 29.168.Ibid., n. 31.169.Ibid., vol. iii., n. 107.170.This would appear to be a mention of the death of the“son and brother of an Earl,”Sir Everard Digby's great friend, who was converted when holding some office in personal attendance on King James, and, after his conversion, received the King's leave to go to Italy (suprap.clxvi.). The intermediate link is furnished in Father Gerard's letter to Father Aquaviva, Louvain, August 17, 1612 (Stonyhurst MSS., Angl. A., vol. iii., n. 111).“Now at length our friend Oliver has passed over from Paris to England, for the Treasurer is gone, his and all good men's enemy.”[Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, died May 24, 1612]“and others are about to succeed him, who, as we hope, entertain for Oliver an ancient and particular affection. Besides, his eldest brother is dead, and the second brother left inheritor of all the honours and wealth, so that a manifold occasion is offered to this our friend of helping himself in temporal affairs, and others to some extent in spiritual and greater goods. Summoned by his family he has left in haste, humbly asking your Paternity's benediction; in the efficacy of which he disregards all that heretical fury or perverse malice can invent against him. The King is going this summer to his brother the new Earl's castle, to remain there awhile for hunting. Perhaps Oliver will take that occasion of presenting himself to the King, who liked him when he was in his service before he entered the service of God, and whom he has never offended in anything, except in choosing to be an abject in the House of God, rather than to dwell in the tabernacles of men.”We have here the necessary data for determining that the convert in question was Sir Oliver Manners, fourth son of John fourth Earl of Rutland, knighted at Belvoir Castle, April 22, 1603, by James I. on his coming from Scotland. The eldest brother Roger, fifth Earl, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Sidney, and died without issue, June 26, 1612, when he was succeeded by his brother Francis.171.Father Edward Coffin was Confessor of the English College for nearly twenty years. He was succeeded by Father Gerard, who held the same office for the last fifteen years of his life.172.Dr. Oliver has misread this date 1611. Cardinal Bellarmine was born October 4, 1542, so that he would be in his seventy-seventh year in 1618-9.173.Dr. Oliver says that Father Silisdon succeeded Father Gerard as Rector and Master of Novices in 1620, and transferred the Novitiate to Watten in 1622. Father More (Hist. Prov., p. 416) may certainly so be understood, but it is clear from theFlorus Anglo-Bavaricus(p. 11) that Father Gerard was Rector in March, 1622, and that the transfer to Watten took place in 1625. And in the Archives of the English College at Rome (Scritture, vol. 30), in a notice of him written in 1632, he is said to have been Rector of the English Noviceship at Liége for eight years.174.Stonyhurst MSS.,P., vol. ii., f. 532.175.Fiat in me, de me et per me, et circa me, sanctissima et dulcissima voluntas Tua, in omnibus et per omnia, nunc et semper ac in æternum. Amen (MS.).176.An allusion, no doubt, to one of the Belgian Sanctuaries of our Blessed Lady, perhaps that at Montaigu.177.Stonyhurst MSS., Father Grene'sMiscell. de Coll. Angl., p. 19, quoting“Baines his diary.”178.Suprap.xxi.179.Suprap.cxl.180.Infrap.244.181.Apologia pro Vita sua, by John Henry Newman, D.D. London, 1864, p. 418. The reader's attention is earnestly called to Dr. Newman's treatment of this subject, both at the page quoted, and in the Appendix, p. 72. To the Protestant authors quoted above may be added Mr. Froude (History of England, vol. ii., ch. vi., p. 57, note).“It seems obvious that a falsehood of this sort is different in kind from what we commonly mean by unveracity, and has no affinity with it.... Rahab of Jericho did the same thing which Dalaber did”[a Protestant, who gave false answers and swore to them, to save Garret, his fellow]“and on that very ground was placed in the catalogue of Saints.”182.Suprap.li.183.Suprap.lxviii.184.Suprap.lxxxii.185.Suprap.cxiv.186.Ostendi non esse hoc falsum dicere (MS.).187.This was the wretched Anne Bellamy, a young Catholic gentlewoman, who for some overbold denunciation of the persecutors was given into the custody of the ruffian Topcliffe, and was so deeply depraved by him, as to be brought to the almost incredible infamy of serving as his tool to inveigle and betray Priests.188.In subornatâ gubernatione Reipublicæ (MS.). There is clearly some blunder here. Probably we ought to read“subordinatâ;”yet, even so, the phrase is not very intelligible. We have judged of the sense intended, by the context.189.Sir Walter Scott's words have been often quoted, and they are fair specimens of what an honourable man considers lawful. As they were no hasty and unconsidered expressions, they are deserving of insertion in this place. Lockhart calls them“a style of equivoque which could never seriously be misunderstood.”To John Murray Scott wrote:“I give you heartily joy of the success of the Tales, although I do not claim that paternal interest in them which my friends do me the credit to assign me. I assure you I have never read a volume of them until they were printed, and can only join with the rest of the world in applauding the true and striking portraits which they present of old Scottish manners. I do not expect implicit reliance to be placed on my disavowal, because I know very well that he who is disposed not to own a work must necessarily deny it, and that otherwise his secret would be at the mercy of all who choose to ask the question, since silence in such a case must always pass for consent, or rather assent. But I have a mode of convincing you that I am perfectly serious in my denial—pretty similar to that by which Solomon distinguished the fictitious from the real mother—and that is, by reviewing the work, which I take to be an operation equal to that of quartering the child.”And, in a letter written two years later, he says:“I own I did mystify Mrs. —— a little about the report you mention; and I am glad to hear the finesse succeeded. She came up to me with a great overflow of gratitude for the delight and pleasure, and so forth, which she owed to me on account of these books. Now, as she knew very well that I had never owned myself the author, this was notpolitepoliteness, and she had no right to force me up into a corner and compel me to tell her a word more than I chose, upon a subject which concerned no one but myself—and I have no notion of being pumped by any old dowager Lady of Session, male or female. So I gave in dilatory defences, under protestation to add and eik; for I trust, in learning a new slang, you have not forgot the old. In plain words, I denied the charge, and as she insisted to know who elsecouldwrite these novels, I suggested Adam Fergusson as a person having all the information and capacity necessary for that purpose. But the inference that hewasthe author was of her own deducing; and thus ended her attempt, notwithstanding her having primed the pump with a good dose of flattery”(Lockhart'sMemoirs of Sir Walter Scott, 1844, pp. 338, 389).190.We translate partly from Bartoli,Inghilterra, lib. v., c. 9, and partly from More,Hist. Prov., lib. v., c. 29.191.Father Bartoli here asks us to contrast the pious horror expressed by the officials at Father Southwell's doctrine with the fact related by Father Gerard (suprap.lxvii.) of the magistrate Young swearing on the Scriptures to what he knew to be false, that Father Southwell had expressed a desire to confer with a Protestant minister with the view of abandoning the Catholic faith.192.This last consideration applies, of course, not to the general question of equivocation (for in that case it would involve apetitio principii), but to the sub-question whether supposing a simple equivocation lawful (i.e., allowing it to be no violation of veracity in some cases), it could ever be lawful to add to it the confirmation of an oath. Father Southwell maintains reasonably, that whatever it is lawful to say, it is lawful also to swear to, provided the other conditions for an oath are present.193.Infrap.244.194.Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 217A.195.Cowetry (MS.). If this word is read thus correctly, it is a curious proof of the antiquity of the phrase“being sent to Coventry.”196.“One necessary condition,”says Father Garnett in another paper (P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 20, n. 2),“required in every law is that it be just. For if this condition be wanting, that the law be unjust, then is itipso factovoid and of no force, neither hath it any power to oblige any. And this is a maxim, not only of divines, but of Aristotle and all philosophers. Hereupon ensueth that no power on earth can forbid or punish any action which we are bound unto by the law of God, which is the true pattern of all justice. So that the laws against recusants, against receiving of Priests, against confession, against Mass, or other rites of Catholic religion, are to be esteemed as no laws by such as steadfastly believe these to be necessary observances of the true religion.“Likewise Almighty God hath absolute right for to send His preachers of His Gospel to any place in the world.‘Euntes decete omnes gentes.’So that the law against Priests coming into the realm sincerely to preach, is no law, and those that are put to death by virtue of that decree are verily martyrs because they die for the preaching of true religion.“Being asked what I meant by true treason, I answer that that is a true treason which is made treason by any just law, and that is no treason at all which is made treason by an unjust law.”197.Dodd'sChurch History, ed. Tierney, vol. iv., p. 44, note.198.History of England, ed. 1849, vol. vii., p. 44.199.Suprap.clxii.200.Suprapp.clxxiv.,clxxvii.201.Suprap.clxxvi.202.Faulks' confession, P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 54.203.Infrap.59.204.In the King's own hand. P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 17.205.Calendar of State Papers, by M. E. Green. James I., 1603-10, p. 247.206.P. R. O.,Gunpowder Plot Book, n. 164.207.Dodd'sChurch History, by Tierney, vol. iv., p. cii.208.Vol. viii., p. 543.209.Tierney'sDodd, vol. iv., p. cv. The original letter is now in the archives of the Archbishop of Westminster.210.Vol. iii., p. 37, note.211.Tierney's Dodd, vol. iv., p. cvi.212.Vol. vii., p. 542.213.See Narrative,infrap.79.214.Domestic, James I., vol. xviii., n. 35.215.Suprap.clxxix;infrap.208216.Here the paper is torn, and three or four words are consequently illegible.217.Inghilterra, lib. vi., cap. 6, p. 513.218.He was then Confessor in the English College at Rome.219.Lib. vii., n. 44, p. 339.220.Angl. A., vol. iv., n. 92.221.Inghilterra, pp. 510, 512.222.Bartoli,Inghilterra, lib. vi., c. 6, p. 510.223.History of England, ed. 1849, vol. vii., p. 549.224.There is a letter extant from Father Blount, the Provincial, to the General, dated Feb. 10, 1632, which has been understood to relate to the accusation against Father Gerard, or to a similar accusation against some other member of the Society. It must, however, relate to some other matter, as it says,“Vivit enim adhuc author ipse criminis,”and that the alleged offence took place five years before the entrance into the Society of the Father in question.225.Oliver'sCollectanea S. J.226.Father Martin Grene wrote a letter (Stonyhurst MSS.,Angl. A., vol. v., n. 69) to his brother, January 1, 1665, addressed,“for Mr. Christopher Grene, at Hilton”[Hilton,i.e., Hill-town, meant Rome, as in the same languagecustomerwas the Archpriest,physicianswere Priests,workmen, secular Priests,journeymen, Jesuits, &c.]. His brother had asked him to give what help he could to Father Bartoli. Speaking of the Gunpowder Plot, he says,“I had once occasion to inform myself of that history, and I found none better than the two books of Eudæmon Johannes, the oneAd actionem Edouardi Coqui Apologia pro P. Hen. Garnetto, the other,Parallelus Torti ac Tortoris. Though the things be there spread and scattered, yet they are (if collected) very pertinent to clear Father Garnett and ours; for example, among other things this is one, that the traitors had among themselves made an oath that they would never speak of their designs to any Priests, because they knew they would not allow of it; also, that they were specially offended with the Jesuits for preaching patience and submission. There are divers other circumstances which manifestly excuse ours. I had a relation made me by one of ours who had it in Civil [Seville], which clearly shows that the whole Plot was of Cecil's making; but it being only told by an old man, who forgot both times and persons, I believe I shall never make use of it. Yet I have heard strange things, which, if ever I can make out, will be very pertinent. For certain the late Bishop of Armagh, Usher, was divers times heard to say that if Papists knew what he knew, the blame of the Gunpowder Treason would not lie on them. And other things I have heard, which, if I can find grounded, I hope to make good use of. It may be if you write Civil to my brother Frank, he will, or somebody else there, give you some light in this business.”227.This Philip Beaumont was Father Oswald Tesimond,aliasGreenway, (More,Hist. Prov., l. vii., n. 40, p. 336).228.For our translation we are indebted to the pen of Father Kingdon. Portions of it have appeared in theMonth, and, rendered into French by Father Forbes, in theEtudes Théologiquesat Paris.229.Collectanea M, f. 52 h.230.“For whom He foreknew, He also predestinated to be made conformable to the image of His Son”(Rom. viii. 29).231.“If we be dead with Him, we shall also live with him: if we suffer, we shall also reign with Him”(2 Tim. ii. 11).232.“As you are partakers of the sufferings, so shall you be also of the consolation”(2 Cor. i. 7).233.“The flesh of Thy saints and the blood of them they have shed round about Jerusalem, and there was none to bury them”(1 Mach. vii. 17).234.“They were stoned, they were cut asunder, ... they were put to death by the sword, they wandered about in sheep-skins,”&c. (Heb. xi. 37).235.“No man cometh to the Father but by Me”(St. John xiv. 6).236.“Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and so to enter into His glory?”(St. Luke xxiv. 26).237.“You shall lament and weep, but the world shall rejoice, and you shall be made sorrowful.... In the world you shall have distress”(St. John xvi. 20, 33).238.“And your joy no man shall take from you”(St. John xvi. 22).239.“The gates of hell shall not prevail”(St. Matt. xvi. 18).240.“A great tempest arose in the sea, so that the boat was covered with waves”(St. Matt. viii. 24).241.“There came down a storm of wind upon the lake, and they were filled and were in danger”(St. Luke viii. 23).242.“I sleep and My Heart watcheth”(Cant. v. 2).243.“Stones, polished smooth by blow and pressure, are fitted together each in place by workman's hand, and set in order, ever to abide in the sacred fane.”244.The passages in this Preface enclosed in brackets are alterations in the original MS. made in another but contemporary handwriting. The erasures in the original are given in the footnotes.—Ed.245.I say.Orig.246.Such a Lord and so true and liberal a paymaster.Orig.247.Whip.Orig.248.To be inflamed.Orig.249.“For I mean not that others should be eased and you burthened, but by an equality. In this present time let your abundance supply their want, that their abundance also may supply your want”(2 Cor. viii. 13, 14).250.“Take unto you the armour of God, that you may be able to resist in the evil day and to stand in all things perfect”(Ephes. vi. 13).251.Catholics.Orig.252.For.Orig.253.Contrary party.Orig.254.Actors.Orig.255.Until the whole matter was plotted and prepared and had been without doubt.Orig.256.This discourse following.Orig.257.But the contrary from.Orig.258.But.Orig.259.“True justice hath compassion, but that which is false indignation.”260.Should.Orig.261.No impatience but zeal.Orig.262.Desperate.Orig.263.“Let us all die in our innocency, and heaven and earth shall be witnesses for us that you put us to death wrongfully.”“If we shall all do as our brethren have done, and not fight against the heathen for our lives and our justifications, they will now quickly root us out of the earth.”1 Mach. ii. 37, 40.264.But said one to another.Orig.265.This might seem to have come into their minds if we shall judge.Orig.266.That they will follow the rule of the Apostle, saying,“Fratres, si præoccupatus fuerit homo in aliquo delicto, vos qui spirituales estis hujusmodi instruite in spiritu lenitatis.”This is not to condemn them severely, to cry out against them, to inveigh bitterly against the men and their minds and intentions whatsoever: oh no,“in spiritu lenitatis,”saith the Apostle. We that be Catholics in England do all with one voice grant the fact to be evil, we neither did nor would for a world have concurred with the action; but we pity the persons whom we knew to be otherwise wise and circumspect as any they left behind them; yea, devout and zealous men as any one shall see in a kingdom, and divers of them of so tender consciences that they would not to save their life have deceived their neighbour of a penny, or wittingly have admitted the least offence to God.Orig.267.Not only“in the sun and dust”but“in blood”also and“many wounds.”268.“Bear ye one another's burdens, and so you shall fulfil the law of Christ”Gal. vi. 2.269.“The abomination of desolation standing in the holy place”(St. Matt. xxiv. 15).270.“Cæsar's friend”(St. John xix. 12).271.“I wished myself to be an anathema from Christ for my brethren”(Rom. ix. 3).272.“Of whom the world was not worthy”(Heb. xi. 31).273.“Lift up your heads because your redemption is at hand”(St. Luke xxi. 25).274.“The son of such great merits could not perish.”275.The passage within brackets is erased in the original.276.Sir Thomas Gerard.Erased in orig.277.Sir Thomas Gerard.Erased in orig.278.Underlinedin orig.probably for erasure.279.This whole paragraph is marked in the original.280.Were first beat till they cried, and then beaten for crying.Erased in orig.281.Interlined80 crownsand in another hand88 at least.282.“I will search Jerusalem with lamps”(Soph. i. 12).283.“For if in the green wood they do these things, what shall be done in the dry?”(St. Luke xxiii. 31).284.“For the time is that judgment should begin at the house of God. And if first at us, what shall be the end of them that believe not the Gospel of God?”(1 St. Peter iv. 17).285.“They have searched after iniquities: they have failed in their search ... and God shall be exalted: the arrows of children are their wounds”(Psalm lxiii. 7, 8).286.“For how can he otherwise appease his master, but with our heads?”(1 Kings xxix. 4).287.“Knowest thou not that it is dangerous to drive people to despair?”(2 Kings ii. 28).288.“The whole head is sick and the whole heart is sad”(Isaias i. 5).289.“Who hath not forsaken them that hope in Him”(Judith xiii. 17).290.“Who will not suffer you to be tempted above that which you are able, but will make also with temptation issue, that you may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13).291.“Who after you have suffered a little, will Himself perfect you and confirm you and establish you”(1 St. Peter v. 10).292.“She reacheth from end to end mightily and ordereth all things sweetly”(Wisd. viii. 1).293.“We must not do evil that good may come.”294.Where this kind of mark ¶ is found, my meaning is to have a new line begin.Orig. in marg.295.“Eructare verbum malum.”Orig.296.“That, as the right of hand to hand defence is of the Natural Law, the Superior cannot take it away, or enjoin the contrary.”297.“For they that will become rich, fall into temptation, and into the snare of the devil”(1 Tim. vi. 9).298.“Though we be cast into bonds as evil doers, and be brought before Kings and rulers as not being Cæsar's friends.”299.“Can peace be hurtful to religion?”300.“We have received your letters and accept them with all the reverence due to His Holiness and your Paternity. For my part four times up to the present I have hindered disturbances. Nor is there any doubt that we can prevent all public taking up of arms, as it is certain that many Catholics would never attempt anything of this sort without our consent, except under the pressure of a great necessity. But two things make us very anxious. The first is lest some in some one province should fly to arms, and that then very necessity should compel others to like courses. For there are not a few who will not be kept back by a mere prohibition of His Holiness. There were some who dared to ask, when Pope Clement was alive, whether the Pope could prohibit their defending their lives. They further say that no Priest shall know their secrets; and of us by name even some friends complain that we put an obstacle in the way of their plans. Now to soften these in some way, and at least to gain time, that by delay some fitting remedy may be applied, we have advised them that by common consent they should send some one to the Holy Father, which they have done, and I have sent him into Flanders to the Nuncio, that he may commend him to His Holiness, and I have sent by him letters explaining their opinions and the reasons on both sides. These letters are written at some length, as they will be carried very safely. And this for the first danger. The other is somewhat worse, for the danger is lest secretly some treason or violence be shown to the King, and so all Catholics may be compelled to take arms. Wherefore, in my judgment, two things are necessary: first, that His Holiness should prescribe what in any case is to be done; and then, that he should forbid any force of arms to the Catholics under censures, and by Brief publicly promulgated, an occasion for which can be taken from the disturbance lately raised in Wales, which has at length come to nothing. It remains that as all things are daily becoming worse, we should beseech His Holiness soon to give a necessary remedy for these great dangers, and we ask his blessing and that of your Paternity.”301.This date is an interlineation. Father Gerard has not noticed that the passage“I have a letter from Field,”&c., is taken from the PS. of this letter, and that the PS. bears date 21 Octobris. For this omission he has been severely blamed by Mr. Tierney.—Ed.302.“Hitherto thou shalt come, and shalt go no further, and here thou shalt break thy swelling waves”(Job xxxviii. 11).303.“All that take the sword, shall perish with the sword”(St. Matt. xxvi. 52).304.“Lest perhaps gathering up the cockle, you root up the wheat also together with it”(St. Matt. xiii. 29).305.“Every best gift and every perfect is from above”(St. James i. 17).306.Is above 60.Erased in Orig.307.Neither friends to their persons, nor friends to their religion.Erased in Orig.308.But this bruit, indeed, had been the likeliest way to increase their number by the resort of other Catholics from other countries, if the fact itself had not disliked other Catholics, and their minds had not been well prepared beforehand to refuse all such attempts by the persuasion of Father Garnett and others by his direction, according to the order sent from His Holiness and the like commandment also from Father General and Father Persons, as before hath been declared.Erased in Orig.309.But expecting belike that divers Catholic gentlemen of those countries (where there be very many, and some of great worth and large estates) should have come unto them. And Mr. Thomas Winter was sent unto one of the greatest (whose daughter Mr. Robert Winter aforesaid had married), but he caused his gates to be shut against him and would not so much as hear him speak. And yet the said gentleman was afterward in great trouble and had like to have lost all his estate, as bearing good-will unto them.Erased in Orig. The lines of erasure extend over the following sentence also.310.This must be in.Orig. in marg.311.Compare the German“Lohe,”a flame. Some English dictionaries give“Low,”a local and obsolete word, with the same meaning.—Ed.312.He also protested there was no more the conspiracy than those who had there published themselves by that public rising in arms.Erased in Orig.This is not good to be in, because of Mr. Tresham, who was one, and not with them.In marg. in another hand.313.If he lived so many days, he should have carried from that place and examined, etc.In marg. in yet another hand.314.And got to some friends' houses, where they lived safe for a month or more, but afterwards were discovered and taken.Erased in Orig.315.Let all this be in and stand for the end of this chapter, until you come to that which is blotted out.Orig. in marg.316.This must be in.Orig. in marg.317.All unto this place must be in.Orig. in marg.They affirmed constantly there were no other conspirators than were taken. And as for Priests, they did both then and at their death protest there was none in the action, insomuch that it was generally voiced and believed through England that there was no Priest accused or could be touched with the treason, which gave generally great satisfaction both to Catholics and others. And so in right it should still have continued; but the Puritans did much envy that they should be free from blame, upon whom they wished rather that all might light. And therefore they began to practise and work the contrary opinion, first in the King, and afterwards in public show unto the country, as shall afterwards appear.Erased in Orig.318.Who had much laboured to possess the King with that opinion as being most for their advantage.Erased in Orig.319.By which we may gather that their grief and motives were chiefly for the common cause, as was gathered before out of their own words and protestations.Erased in Orig.320.Concerning his opinion of his Catholic subjects.Erased in Orig.321.Upon this occasion of the disobedience in these few gentlemen.Erased in Orig.322.“Without faith it is impossible to please God”(Hebr. xi. 6).323.“For other foundation no man can lay but that which is laid”(1 Cor. iii. 11).324.“Which unless every one shall believe faithfully and firmly, he cannot be saved: and unless a man shall keep it whole and inviolate, without doubt he will perish for ever.”325.“The pillar and ground of the truth”(1 Tim. iii. 15).326.“My people have been silent because they had no knowledge; because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will reject thee”(Osee iv. 6).327.“Open thy mouth wide and I will fill it”(Ps. lxxx. 11).328.“A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can an evil tree bring forth good fruit”(St. Matt. vii. 18).329.“Not serving to the eye ... but ... as to the Lord”(Col. iii. 22, 23; Eph. vi. 6).330.“The pride of them that hate Thee ascendeth continually”(Ps. lxxiii. 23).331.Father William Weston was known by this name.—Ed.332.To be lions within when they seem lambs without.Erased in Orig.333.Bates was a very honest and devout man.Orig. in marg. in another hand.334.Poor.Erased in Orig.335.Earl of Suffolk.Erased in Orig.336.Of his ordinary abode.Erased in Orig.337.So that you are now in the King's mercy.Erased in Orig.338.And searching they will fail in their search.339.Whensoever it should please God to permit it.Erased in Orig.340.“Horribly and speedily will He appear to you, for a most severe judgment shall be for them that bear rule”(Wisd. vi. 6).341.One thing was observed by many at that time as markable in respect of the event, although the foresight were but casual, which was a prediction by one of their kind of prophets, one Gresham, a man of special fame amongst them for skill in astrology and making of almanacs, with certain predictions of events, not only of the weather, but of other accidental matters depending of man's free-will, and therefore far past his skill to divine of. Yet this man, in an almanac which he had set forth for that year of 1605, had assigned for every particular day some special event of things that should then happen. Amongst the rest, the mark which was set upon the day of the date of this proclamation, and in which it was published in London, was this,“Might against right;”which, seeing it was prepared and printed before the proclamation was thought of, it gave many cause to think that the pen of this man was guided by a better foresight than his own, and directed to set down the truth by the same power that could make the beast that Balaam rode upon to reprehend his master, and afterwards caused that covetous Prophet to bless the people of God and to foretell the truth, much against his own inclination and the intention of his coming.Erased in Orig.342.“For the anger of man worketh not the justice of God”(St. James i. 20).343.“No one can snatch them out of the hand of My Father”(St John i. 29).344.They are“delivered out of the hand of Herod, and from all the expectation of the people of the Jews”(Acts xii. 11).345.But his hour was come.346.“What will you give me?”(St. Matt. xxvi. 15).347.“What accusation bring you against”these men? (St. John xviii. 29).348.“For envy they had delivered”them (St. Matt. xxvii. 18).349.If they were not malefactors, the royal power would not have delivered them up.350.Greenway.Erased in Orig.351.“Perverting our nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar”(St. Luke xxiii. 2).352.“It is enough for the disciple that he be as his Master”(St. Matt. x. 25).353.Which was their“hour and the power of darkness”(St. Luke xxii. 53).354.If this be particularly set down in the former chapter, it may be here left out.Orig. in marg. in another hand.355.“With swords and clubs”(St. Matt. xxvi. 47).356.Into the hands of those that sought their life.357.Fed“with bread of affliction and water of distress”(3 Kings xxii. 27).358.That they may suffer together in this world, who are to reign together in the world to come.359.We“have fought a good fight,”we“have finished the course,”we“have kept the faith”(2 Tim. iv. 7).360.The crown of justice which was laid up for them, and for those also who love the coming of Christ.361.From this delation and accusation of his brother.362.Who must needs have a fling at it, because his place was not to speak much before, when the Council did examine him.Erased in Orig.363.“Their feet are swift to shed blood”(Psalm xiii. 3).364.According to the measure they have meted.365.As Job to the accusing enemy, to persecute by bloody interrogations and other vexations also, as they should find it needful, reserving his life.Erased in Orig.366.And God infatuated“the counsel of Achitophel”(2 Kings xv. 31).367.“I was in prison and you came to Me”(St. Matt. xxv. 36).368.“Which believeth all things, hopeth all things”(1 Cor. xiii. 7).369.This letter was so cunningly counterfeited that it could not be distinguished from Fr. Garnett his own hand, and it was signed also and so licensed to pass with the lieutenant his brand unto it. Yet all such necessaries as the Father writ for and the other sent were seized upon by the Lieutenant, and the Priest himself brought after in great trouble for returning this charitable answer.Erased in Orig.370.“Who had followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering unto Him”(St. Matt. xxvii. 55).371.“The world shall rejoice and you shall be made sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy ... and your joy no man shall take from you”(St. John xvi. 20, 22).372.“Woe to you that now laugh, for you shall mourn and weep”(St. Luke vi. 25).373.“The sensual man perceiveth not these things that are of the Spirit of God”(1 Cor. ii. 14).374.Which no man knoweth but he who receiveth it.375.But the time we cannot certainly learn.Erased in Orig.376.In so great a cloud of witnesses.377.To enlarge or restrain the seal of the secret.378.Being no causer of it himself, he should not have left them to themselves without seeking to divert them from their purpose; not knowing whether.Erased in Orig.379.And the confession being only of his knowledge what others had opened unto him of their intentions so long time after they had begun the practice.Erased in Orig.380.Of his knowledge thereof from him, and.Erased in Orig.381.The seal of the secret of confession.382.Ralph Ashley, for eight years Father Ouldcorne's servant, is believed, like Nicholas Owen, to have been a Lay-brother of the Society.—Ed.383.18 or 19.Erased in Orig.384.“The beginnings of sorrows”(St. Matt. xxiv. 8).385.But God“will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts”(1 Cor. iv. 5).386.Now I must set down their proceedings by course of law against the gentlemen that were the conspirators in the treason (of which I formerly treated), and this I will do in this chapter following.Erased in Orig.387.This great diligence and often iterated examinations of Father Garnett continued so long that it was almost the end of March before they could bring matters to that pass which hath been declared, and so that they might have any little show to prove the Father guilty against the laws of the realm for his only concealing of that which by the laws of God he could not reveal.Erased in Orig.388.The 27th.—Ed.389.Greeneway.Erased in Orig.390.As in the last chapter hath been declared.Erased in Orig.391.And with divers others.Erased in Orig.392.For with the same measure with which they shall have meted, it shall be measured to them again.393.And namely Fr. Gerard.Erased in Orig.394.Related in that discourse set forth by His Majesty, as I said before, was concluded of amongst themselves and.Erased in Orig.395.And that after they went into another chamber to confess and to receive the Blessed Sacrament: so that it appears most evidently by His Majesty's own narration of the conspirators their confessions that Mr. Attorney did that public audience speakordeliver, &c.Erased in Orig. The following passage in the text fromFor these be the wordstohe doth not knoware in the margin of the Orig.396.The sixth.—Ed.397.The ninth.—Ed.398.The ninth.—Ed.399.When he meant to publish those foresaid letters he had sent unto the Council, and did withal.Erased in Orig.400.That the craftsmen of death should perish by their own craft.401.As the Earl of Salisbury now is placed in.Erased in Orig.402.Of his knowledge touching Father Gerard his innocency.Erased in Orig.403.This clause may be omitted in this place, and serve better to be alleged in the last chapter.Orig. in marg.404.Who returned from the execution full of pity towards so worthy a man, yea, so full of admiration of his fortitude and great opinion of his devotion that they could talk almost of nothing else all that day.Erased in Orig.405.Here wants something.In another hand, erased in Orig.406.This sentence in the original is underlined, and marked with crosses in the margin.407.Impugn the known truth.408.In hatred of the Catholic faith.409.But the Commission was not read, which was expected as needful.Erased in Orig.410.“There is nothing hid, that shall not be revealed; nor secret that shall not be known”(St. Matt. x. 26).411.God“disappointeth the counsel of the wicked”(Job v. 13).412.Of many names but of no good name.413.Speaking signs, the testimonies of circumstances, and the confession of the accused.414.For that can never be said too often which cannot be sufficiently well learnt.415.Public praise is private blame.416.It is a mistake to use many means when a few will suffice.417.The author of an evil is more guilty than the actual perpetrator.418.The Ninth.—Ed.419.(So the Attorney, and truly it is a grief to pass forward in this narration and not to refute such absurd speeches as a man findeth therein, but if I should do so this chapter would be much too long, and it is already sufficiently done by others. He proceedeth:).Erased in Orig.The passage is in a different hand.420.“With the mouth confession is made unto salvation”(Rom. x. 10).421.While circumstances should remain as they were, and until it should be fitting to carry out the Bull.422.O well beloved of God, for whom the very air fights, and the winds conspire to come to the trumpet call.423.Prefect.Erased in Orig.424.To the Catholic Princes and Nobles of the whole Kingdom of England.425.When it shall happen that that miserable woman shall depart this life.426.Whatsoever be the nearness of blood on which his claim rests.427.Unexceptionable.428.Of a cunning and subtle wit and profound perfidy.429.Take away the faithless people from the boundaries of the Faithful, that we may joyfully give due praises unto Christ.430.This was the hymn of that time, being the Feast of All Saints, and so applied by Father Garnett to the hindrance of heretics in making heretical laws intended against Catholics.Erased in Orig.431.Thus he. But he did not know that my Lord of Salisbury would afterwards tell the case truly that it was done of policy. So we see that Mr. Attorney can add and diminish like a cunning orator.Erased in Orig.432.(Either mistaking or misreporting the state of the question).Erased in Orig.433.Loses the right of reigning.434.Dreamed of.Erased in Orig.435.His long discourse.Erased in Orig.436.“Of that day or hour no man knoweth, neither the Angels in heaven, nor the Son, but the Father”(St. Mark xiii. 32; Cf. St. Matt. xxiv. 36).437.“Go you up to this festival-day: but I go not up to this festival-day”(St. John vii. 8).438.“Then He also went up to the feast, not publicly, but as it were in private”(St. John vii. 10).439.In divinis.Erased in Orig.440.Albeit I must acknowledge.Erased in Orig.441.Long since.Erased in Orig.442.“Thou shalt gain thy brother”(St. Matt. xviii. 15).443.Upon means made unto me.Erased in Orig.444.This part may be omitted.In marg. against this sentence.445.Agreeing together against the anointed of the Lord (Vid.Psalm ii. 2).446.Indirect.Erased in Orig.447.Not to prohibit when possible, is to order.448.This may be left out.In marg.449.Which was indeed.Erased in Orig.450.In every place.Erased in Orig.451.That they might be crowned with mercies and compassion (Cf. Ps. iii. 4).452.Ralph Ashley, for eight years Father Ouldcorne's servant, is believed, like Nicholas Owen, to have been a Lay-brother of the Society.—Ed.453.The Lord Mounteagle's sister.Erased in Orig.454.As you might read in the beginning.Erased in Orig.455.Where it is ever found by those that seek it with a penitent heart, which he did, and acknowledged his fault to be exceeding great in betraying those Fathers. And both there publicly in the Shire Hall did ask Father Ouldcorne publicly forgiveness and again at the time of his execution, acknowledging that he had done both them and all the Catholics of England great wrong in being cause of their apprehension.Erased in Orig.456.I am uncertain whether he was condemned of felony or treason, because of harbouring a proclaimed traitor.In marg. in another hand.457.And the Bishops of Worcester in particular (whose prisoner he had been before that).Erased in Orig.458.But none of these causes could they prove, the Father showing that he had not sinned in anything, either against the law or against the King.459.In which case the gravest casuists of this time.Erased in Orig.460.But God, in Whom we can do all things, does not forsake them that hope in Him (Cf. Jud. xiii. 17).461.Being under the same condemnation, and not as yet fearing God (Cf. St. Luke xxii. 40).462.Blinded soul.Erased in Orig.463.The great blindness of heart.Erased in Orig.464.Are elected and.Erased in Orig.465.Believe and.Erased in Orig.466.Must needs be very.Erased in Orig.467.In the same place and.Erased in Orig.468.After the old account.Erased in Orig.469.Choosing rather without offence to fall into the hands of men than to sin in God's sight, and dying for justice's sake, they have gained the Kingdom of Heaven.470.Father Ouldcorne suffered April 7, 1606, æt. 45. So Dr. Oliver. Father Gerard,infra.p.285, says that he was“near fifty years old.”—Ed.471.Seven, according to Father Henry More.—Ed.472.Shippers.Erased in Orig.473.And finding it so in two or three trials.Erased in Orig.474.Father Southwell was executed February 21, 1595, æt. 34.—Ed.475.Father Weston was apprehended in 1586, and, after imprisonment in the Clink, was sent to Wisbech Castle in 1587. In 1598 he was prisoner in the Tower of London, and he was banished in 1603.—Ed.476.The place where he remained.Erased in Orig.477.Her name is given by Father More as Dorothy Abington.—Ed.478.He founded and governed nearly all the domestic churches in those parts.479.(As himself did constantly affirm unto me).Erased in Orig.480.And his head full of grey hairs, the rather occasioned by his much loss of blood before mentioned.Erased in Orig.481.Our Lord doing the will of those who fear Him.482.“I am come to send fire on the earth, and what will I but that it be kindled?”(St. Luke xii. 49).483.How“God is wonderful in His Saints”(Ps. xxii. 36).484.And of the signs by which it hath pleased God to show his innocency and martyrdom.Erased in Orig.485.To draw some other great person into.Erased in Orig.486.This may be considered whether it be convenient to be left out.In marg. in another hand.487.And he gloried in the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, in Whom is his salvation, life, and resurrection, by Whom he is saved and delivered.488.Dinner.Erased in Orig.489.Side.Erased in Orig.490.Dr. John Overal, afterwards Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, and Dr. George Abbot, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury.—Ed.491.Staying for him.Erased in Orig.492.And perceiving that there was no place of retiring, he began to speak of the present festivity of the Cross.Erased in Orig.493.In the matter.Erased in Orig.494.Further to be touched than he is.Erased in Orig.495.Went to the side of the scaffold.Erased in Orig.496.“We adore Thee, O Christ, and we bless Thee, because by Thy holy Cross Thou hast redeemed the world.”497.“Mary, Mother of grace, Mother of mercy, protect us from the enemy, and receive us at the hour of death.”498.“Into Thy hands, O Lord, I commend my spirit.”499.Again,“Maria mater gratiæ, Mater misericordiæ, tu nos,”etc.Erased in Orig.500.“By this sign of the Cross, may all that is wicked fly far away. Fix Thy Cross in my heart, O Lord.”501.(Unto which he was so much devoted).Erased in Orig.502.With a happy death.Erased in Orig.503.The chapter is unfinished.—Ed.504.And makes“with the temptation issue, that”we“may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13), bringing forth for us“water out of the rock”(Ps. lxxvii. 16),“and oil out of the hardest stone”(Deut. xxxii. 13).505.Making“the yoke”to“putrefy at the presence of the oil”(Is. xi. 27).506.The memory of the prisoner.Erased in Orig.507.Whosoever but he.Erased in Orig.508.Which“was a burning and a shining light”(St. John v. 35).509.“Saying, Indeed this was a just man”(St. Luke xxiii. 47).510.“We suffer tribulation, but are not distressed: we are straitened, but are not destitute: we suffer persecution, but are not forsaken: we are cast down, but we perish not”(2 Cor. iv. 8, 9).511.This was John Wilkinson, who afterwards became a student at St Omers, and on his death-bed in that College dictated a narrative of Father Garnett's execution and the finding of the straw, which is given by Father More,Hist. Prov. Angl. S. J., lib. vii., n. 35.—Ed.512.Is now a scholar in the English College at St. Omers.Erased in Orig.513.In such sort as it might not be espied.Erased in Orig.514.Her name was Griffin.—Ed.515.Two or three months.Interlined in Orig. Wilkinson himself says,“Paucis post diebus.”516.Father More says it was the Spanish Ambassador, and he gives an attestation of the Baron de Hobocque, dated in 1625, attesting that he had seen it in 1606, when he was in London as Ambassador of the Princes of the Netherlands.—Ed.517.Dr. Richard Bancroft.—Ed.518.The gentlewoman's.Erased in Orig.519.“Was one of them that were at table”(St. John xii. 2).520.Father Richard Blount, in a letter dated Nov. 8, 1606, says—“A Catholic person in London having kept, since the execution of Mr. Garnett, a straw that was embued in his blood, now these days past, being viewed again by the party and others, they espy in the ear of the straw a perfect face of a man dead, his eyes, nose, beard, and neck so lively representing Mr. Garnett, as not only in my eyes, but in the eyes of others which knew him, it doth lively represent him. This hath been seen by Catholics and Protestants of the best sort and divers others, who much admire it, &c. This you may boldly report, for, besides ourselves, a thousand others are witnesses of it.”And in another letter, dated March, 1607,“It cannot be a thing natural or artificial. The sprinkling of blood hath made so plain a face, so well proportioned, so lively shadowed, as no art in such a manner is able to counterfeit the like.”Father More, whose history was published in 1660, says that the straw was kept in the Jesuit College at Liége. The last mention we have met of it is by the Abbé Feller, in hisDictionnaire Historique, which was published at Liége in 1797, and therefore after the suppression of the Society,“L'épi est aujourdhui entre les mains d'un de mes amis, qui le conserve soigneusement”(Art. Garnett).521.Our.Erased in Orig.522.Who is“the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort, Who comforteth us in all our tribulation”(2 Cor. i. 3, 4).523.“A wall for the house of Israel”(Ezech. xiii. 5).524.Party.Erased in Orig.525.He desired“conditions of peace”(St. Luke xiv. 32).526.“All that”saw it began“to mock him”(St. Luke xiv. 29).527.But could he deceive or escape God?528.He who would save his life, lost it (Cf. St. Luke ix. 24).529.And in his folly did not foresee that that night they would require his soul of him (Cf. St. Luke xii. 20).530.Enjoying.Erased in Orig.531.Worthy.Erased in Orig.532.Supra.Erased in Orig.533.He“will not suffer”us“to be tempted above that which”we“are able; but will make also with temptation issue, that”we“may be able to bear it”(1 Cor. x. 13).534.Secret and.Erased in Orig.535.“Out of the abundance of the heart”(St. Matt. xii. 34).536.Beholding St. Stephen's conflict.—Erased in Orig.537.Nor even the gates of hell shall prevail (Cf. St. Matt. xvi. 18).538.Woe unto those who are chosen for the works of the strong, and are not fed with the food of the strong.539.Who remembered Daniel in the lions' den, and feeds even“the young ravens that call upon Him”(Ps. cxlvi. 9).540.Whose very hairs are numbered (Cf. St. Matt. x. 30).541.Here must be added the oath, and some few words after, to bring in the other chapter.In marg.542.Establish and.Erased in Orig.543.Usually.Erased in Orig.544.“We have found”these men“perverting our nation”(St. Luke xxiii. 2).545.“And forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar”(Ibid).546.In Roma.Erased in Orig.547.And saying that they have another Christ and King.548.Which Himself denied not to Pilate to be in the world, though it were not a kingdom of the world.Erased in Orig.549.To speak“against Cæsar”(St. John xix. 12).550.“Cæsar's friend”(Ibid).551.“Crucify, crucify”(St. Luke xxiii. 21).552.Our Prince.Erased in Orig.553.By.Erased in Orig.554.Cite.Erased in Orig.555.Heresy.Erased in Orig.556.As by the contents of that book, &c.Erased in Orig.Elizab. cap. 1°.557.And abettors.Erased in Orig.558.So keeping.Erased in Orig.559.According to.Erased in Orig.560.Foreign countries.Erased in Orig.561.Authority.Erased in Orig.562.This.Erased in Orig.563.“My little finger is thicker than the back of my father. And now my father put a heavy yoke upon you, but I will add to your yoke: my father beat you with whips, but I will beat you with scorpions”(3 Kings xii. 10, 11).564.Here must be added the chief laws made in the third year of the King's reign. And after that some few lines to show how much Catholics must needs suffer under so heavy a yoke, more than they do under the Turk or any other Government, and how hard it is for Catholics to live in such trials, being so barred the Sacraments and helps, according to that of St. Bernard,“Væ illis qui assumuntur in fortium et non aluntur fortium.”In marg.

Father Bartoli, in hisInghilterra(bk. v., ch. 13), has the following passage about Father Gerard, whom he knew personally at Rome:“At his first entrance into this prison (the Clink) he procured himself a habit of the Society, and continued to wear it from that time forward, even in the face of all London when he was being taken to his different examinations; so that the people crowded to see a Jesuit in his habit, while the preachers were all the more exasperated at what they thought an open defiance of them.”

Father Weston in his Narrative (Father Laurenson's copy, p. 93) gives it as one of the signs that warned Catholics that Anthony Tyrrel was wavering in his faith, that without any necessity, in the Clink prison, he would wear secular dress. His own clerical costume in prison he mentions as a matter of course.“Egressus sum sequenti die, mutato habitu in sæcularem”(p. 98).

On the back of a playing card (the seven of spades), which is attached to the original document, is written in Sir Edward Coke's handwriting:

“Polewhele 1Walpole 1PatCullen 1Annias 31Willms 1SquierJarrard 1.”

Polewhele, Patrick Cullen or O'Collun, Williams, and Squire were all executed for high treason, the latter on the accusation of having, at Father Walpole's instigation, poisoned the pommel of Elizabeth's saddle. Annias apostatized after two years' imprisonment.

“One necessary condition,”says Father Garnett in another paper (P. R. O.,Domestic, James I., vol. 20, n. 2),“required in every law is that it be just. For if this condition be wanting, that the law be unjust, then is itipso factovoid and of no force, neither hath it any power to oblige any. And this is a maxim, not only of divines, but of Aristotle and all philosophers. Hereupon ensueth that no power on earth can forbid or punish any action which we are bound unto by the law of God, which is the true pattern of all justice. So that the laws against recusants, against receiving of Priests, against confession, against Mass, or other rites of Catholic religion, are to be esteemed as no laws by such as steadfastly believe these to be necessary observances of the true religion.

“Likewise Almighty God hath absolute right for to send His preachers of His Gospel to any place in the world.‘Euntes decete omnes gentes.’So that the law against Priests coming into the realm sincerely to preach, is no law, and those that are put to death by virtue of that decree are verily martyrs because they die for the preaching of true religion.

“Being asked what I meant by true treason, I answer that that is a true treason which is made treason by any just law, and that is no treason at all which is made treason by an unjust law.”

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