Ottawa, French language in,5.Ottawa River,297.Pacific Coast,155;migration westward to,158,217,218;restless population on,257;Indian population on,290;immigration of Filipinos on,293,294.Pacific States, America's future in,354;Philippines in,354.Palatinate, the,116,228.Palatine Germans, along the Hudson River and Mohawk valleys,76.Palatines, the,8,106;in Holland and England,107;in New York State,107,117;in Pennsylvania,107;in Georgia,116,117.Paleolithic Period,32.Palmer,94.Palmyra (N.Y.),110.Panama, population of,333;North American influence in,333.Panama Canal,354.Papua, racial tangle in,28.Paraguay,321;population of,341,342;war with Brazil and Argentina,341.Paris,186.Peace of Paris, the,99.Pelham,94.Penn, William,114,115,121,123,125.Pennsylvania,146;French Huguenots in,73;settlement of,77;Germans in,79;Palatines in,107;religious denominations in,115;invasion of Palatinates in,117,122,124;English alarmed over Palatine invasion,120;Ulster Scots in,121-122;increase in population,123;races in, at end of Colonial period,124;Delaware part of,125;foreign-born in,218;1930 census native population in,238;attitude toward aliens,268.Pennsylvania Dutch,123,124,137.Pennsylvanische Deutsche,115.Perpetual Emigrating Fund,204.Persia, passing of Nordics in,26;Negro admixture in,27.Persians, Islamized,49.Perth Amboy (N.J.),77,113.Perthshire,159.Peru, Indian race in,342.Peruvian Indians,342.Philadelphia,105,112,114,155,309;English Quakers and Welsh around,77;Ulster Scots enter colonies through,77;strength of Church of England in,121;as metropolis of United States,123.Philippines, the,294;rise of nationalism in,14;American problem in,353;in Pacific States,354;United States should govern,355,356.Phrygia, Nordic conquest of,39.Picts,58,61.Piedmont,173.Piedmont (Italy),143.Pigmies (or Negrillos),20.Pike's Peak,258,259.Pilgrim Fathers,82.Piscataqua (New Brunswick, N.J.),113.Pittsburgh, Ulster Scots in,123.Pleistocene glaciation,34.Plymouth,98.Plymouth colony, settlers of,81;antecedents in,82.Plymouth Rock,82.Po valley, as Cisalpine Gaul,41.Polaks,355.Poland, rise of nationalism in,14;migration of German Jews into,225.Polish Jews,224-226.Polk, James K.,210.Polygamy, as racial curse,49,50.Polynesia, Malay blood in,30.Polynesian Islands,353.Pomerania,181.Port of New York, Dutch population outside,77.Portland (Maine),101.Portsmouth (R.I.),88.Portugal,47,48,335,336.Portuguese, in Brazil,335.Prairie Provinces,314.Prince Edward Island, native population of,309;French-Canadians in,310.Princeton University,113.Protectorate, the,133.Protestant Episcopal Church, the,69.Protestant House of Orange,127.Providence (R.I.),88;Huguenots in,97.Prussia,116,170.Pueblo Indians, revolt against Spanish,291.Puerto Ricans,294.Puerto Rico,343,349;results of abolition of slavery in,11;population of,343,344.Puget Sound,267.Puritan emigration, from England,82.Puritans, New England,66;as refugees in Virginia,135.Putnam, General Rufus,164."Q" Celts,62.Quakers,93,125;along Delaware River,112;become Anglicans,121;in Albemarle,138.Quebec,229,304;French language in, 5;"Habitat" French of, 8;intermarriage of French and Indians, 9;overthrow of Montcalm at,99;stronghold of French Canadians,310;Russians in,318.Quebec Province (Lower Canada),301;French settlement of,297;physical characteristics of settlers,297,298;language in,298;domination of Jesuits in,299;centre of French population,301.Quota Act of 1921,270,271;favored the European Nordic,271.Race, in United States during Colonial times,2ff.;at present time,6;definition of,21ff.,36;distinction between language and,24;Mediterranean,28,29;Alpine,28,29;Nordic,29;Alpine Slavs,31;Mongols,36;in Ireland,62,63.See also undervarious races.Railroads,175.Ravenal,141.Reading (Pa.),121,123.Red River, steam navigation on,313.Red River Colony,195,313.Red River country,253.Reformation, the,42;lack of hold on Ireland,63."Refuge for the Oppressed,"227."Regulators," rebellion in North Carolina,70.Reuter, E.B.,284.Revolution, the American, hatred in New England of mother country during,68;political and social,70;loss of Nordic blood in America during,71;and expulsion of Iroquois Indians,76;Germans unloyal during,79;Protestants in United States after,152;Nordic invasion of Florida during,193;migration following,256.Revolution (French),179.Revolution of 1689,128.Rhode Island, settlements in,88;source of colonization,89;1930 census native population,236.Richelieu River,301.Richmond (N.Y.),110.Richmond (Va.),136.Riel Rebellion,306.Rio Grande, the,154,320.Robinson (clergyman),83.Rochester, increase in Negroes in,237.Rock Island and Pacific Railway,196.Rocky Mountain States,257;varying population in,258.Roderick,46.Roman Catholic church, growth in America,162;hostility of Know Nothing Party to,219;strength in Canada,318.Roman Catholics, population in the colonies,69,70;Negroes and Germans among,70;many colonies legislated against,70.Rome,22;sacked by Gauls,41.Roosevelt, Theodore,4,269.Roxbury (Mass.),82.Royalists, in Virginia,135.Russia, Varangians in,56.Sahara Desert,26.Saint Croix,85.Saint Kitts,85,86.Saint Lawrence River,300,301.Saint Louis (Mo.),161,171,196;as French outpost,190;marked German tinge in,191,192.Saint Mary's (Md.),126,128.Saladin,50.Salem,112.Salvador, population of,331.Salzburg,144.San Antonio (Texas),212.San Francisco (Calif.),216;Oriental laborers in,265.Sanscrit, in Burma,25;in India,25.Santo Domingo,287,345;loss of white control in,11,12;barbarism in,12.Saracens, at Tours,53.Saskatchewan,314;Russians in,318.Savannah (Ga.),144.Saxons,41,51;invaded Britain,59.Scandinavia,42;first Nordics in,35;Nordic immigration from,227,229.Schenectady,103.Schuylkill valley, Germans in,121.Schwankenfelders,79.Scituate,82.Scotch Highlanders, importation of Roman Catholics,108."Scotch Irish,"63.Scotch Rebellion of 1670,133.Scotland,58;Nordic population in,59;invaded by Danes,59.Scrooby,82.Sedgmoor, Battle of,134.Sedition Act of 1798,268.Selkirk, Lord,313.Seneca Falls (N.Y.),110.Seneca Lake,110.Sephardim,227.Seven Seas, the,352.Seven Years' War,193.Sevier,141.Shakers,67.Shawneetown,172.Shays's Rebellion,70,90.Sheffield,90.Shenandoah Valley,74,137,146;Scotch Germans in,122.Sicily,231,232.Sidonius, Appollonius,51.Sierra range, the,155.Silesia,53.Singapore,354.Sioux Indians,291.Skrellings,98.Slavery,12;results of abolition on British Empire,11;in South Africa,11;in Jamaica,11;in Puerto Rico,11;and the Civil War,12,13;in South Carolina,142.Slavs, Alpine,31.Smith, Captain John,90.Société des Amis des Noirs,12.Sogdians,23."Solid South,"282.Somaliland,29.Somerset,159.South, the, religion in,69;decline of leadership in,175.South Africa,353;results of abolition of slavery in,11.South Carolina,168;racial complexion in,80;settlement of,141;large-scale agriculture in,141;Ulster Scots in,142;slavery question in,142;Nordics and loyalists in,142;Dorchester Society in,144;Negroes outnumbered whites,185;1930 census native population,240,241.South Dakota, rush in 1876 in,254;Indians in,289.South Irish Catholics, 7.South Italy, Negroid element in, 9.South of Portugal, Negro slave element in, 9.South Russia, Aryan language in,24;the Goths in,44."South Sea," the,162Southern frontiersman, religion of,67.Southwest,183-194;Alabama,183,184;Mississippi,184-189;Louisiana,185-189;Arkansas,189-190;Missouri,190-192;Florida,192-194.Soviet Russia, Alpines in,15.Spain, conquered by Celtic Nordics,40;Visigoths in,45;ceded Florida to England,193.Spaniards, in Mexico,324,325.Spanish Conquest,324.Spanish Main, the,98.Spencer, Herbert (quoted),9,10.Stamford (Conn.),87.Statehood,258,261,262.Steamboat, first on Lake Erie,177."Stony Mountains,"155.Stormont (Ontario),312.Straits of Gibraltar,45.Stratford (Conn.),87.Suevi, the,42,45,51.Suffolk, the Angles in,61.Sumner, Senator,288.Surrey,159.Susquehanna River,110.Swabia,228.Sweden,44,45.Swedes,111.Switzerland,50;national unity in,5;various languages in,5.Symmes, Judge T.C.,164.Syracuse, increase in Negroes in,237.Syria,231.Tasmania,20;Negroids in,28.Taunton (Mass.),82.Tennessee,72,146,157;Scotch and Germans in,122;settlement of,147-149;Alpines in,153;