FOOTNOTES:

LONDON

19th July, 1664. To London, to see the event of the lottery which his Majesty had permitted Sir Arthur Slingsby to set up for one day in the Banqueting House, at Whitehall; I gaining only a trifle, as well as did the King, Queen-Consort, and Queen-Mother, for near thirty lots; which was thought to be contrived very unhandsomely by the master of it, who was, in truth, a mere shark.

21st July, 1664. I dined with my Lord Treasurer at Southampton House, where his Lordship used me with singular humanity. I went in the afternoon to Chelsea, to wait on the Duke of Ormond, and returned to London.

28th July, 1664. Came to see me Monsieur Zuylichen, Secretary to the Prince of Orange, an excellent Latin poet, a rare lutinist, with Monsieur Oudart.

3d August, 1664. To London; a concert of excellent musicians, especially one Mr. Berkenshaw, that rare artist, who invented a mathematical way of composure very extraordinary, true as to the exact rules of art, but without much harmony.

8th August, 1664. Came the sad and unexpected news of the death of Lady Cotton, wife to my brother George, a most excellent lady.

9th August, 1664. Went with my brother Richard to Wotton, to visit and comfort my disconsolate brother; and on the 13th saw my friend, Mr. Charles Howard, at Dipden, near Dorking.

16th August, 1664. I went to see Sir William Ducie's house at Charlton; which he purchased of my excellent friend, Sir Henry Newton, now nobly furnished.

22d August, 1664. I went from London to Wotton, to assist at the funeral of my sister-in-law, the Lady Cotton, buried in our dormitory there, she being put up in lead. Dr. Owen made a profitable and pathetic discourse, concluding with an eulogy of that virtuous, pious, and deserving lady. It was a very solemn funeral, with about fifty mourners. I came back next day with my wife to London.

2d September, 1664. Came Constantine Huygens, Signor de Zuylichen, Sir Robert Morris, Mr. Oudart, Mr. Carew, and other friends, to spend the day with us.

5th October, 1664. To our Society. There was brought a newly-invented instrument of music, being a harpsichord with gut-strings, sounding like a concert of viols with an organ, made vocal by a wheel, and a zone of parchment that rubbed horizontally against the strings.

6th October, 1664. I heard the anniversary oration in praise of Dr. Harvey, in the Anatomy Theatre in the College of Physicians; after which I was invited by Dr. Alston, the President, to a magnificent feast.

7th October, 1664. I dined at Sir Nicholas Strood's, one of the Masters of Chancery, in Great St. Bartholomew's; passing the evening at Whitehall, with the Queen, etc.

8th October, 1664. Sir William Curtius, his Majesty's Resident in Germany, came to visit me; he was a wiseand learned gentleman, and, as he told me, scholar to Henry Alstedius, the Encyclopedist.

15th October, 1664. Dined at the Lord Chancellor's, where was the Duke of Ormond, Earl of Cork, and Bishop of Winchester. After dinner, my Lord Chancellor and his lady carried me in their coach to see their palace (for he now lived at Worcester-House in the Strand), building at the upper end of St. James's street, and to project the garden. In the evening, I presented him with my book on Architecture,81as before I had done to his Majesty and the Queen-Mother. His lordship caused me to stay with him in his bedchamber, discoursing of several matters very late, even till he was going into his bed.

17th October, 1664. I went with my Lord Viscount Cornbury, to Cornbury, in Oxfordshire, to assist him in the planting of the park, and bear him company, with Mr. Belin and Mr. May, in a coach with six horses; dined at Uxbridge, lay at Wycombe.

OXFORD

18th October,1664. At Oxford. Went through Woodstock, where we beheld the destruction of that royal seat and park by the late rebels, and arrived that evening at Cornbury, a house lately built by the Earl of Denbigh, in the middle of a sweet park, walled with a dry wall. The house is of excellent freestone, abounding in that part, (a stone that is fine, but never sweats, or casts any damp); it is of ample dimensions, has goodly cellars, the paving of the hall admirable for its close laying. We designed a handsome chapel that was yet wanting: as Mr. May had the stables, which indeed are very fair, having set out the walks in the parks and gardens. The lodge is a pretty solitude, and the ponds very convenient; the park well stored.

20th October, 1664. Hence, to see the famous wells, natural and artificial grots and fountains, called Bushell's Wells, at Enstone. This Bushell had been Secretary to my Lord Verulam. It is an extraordinary solitude. There he had two mummies; a grot where he lay in a hammock, like an Indian. Hence, we went to Dichley, an ancient seat of the Lees, now Sir Henry Lee's; it is a low ancient timber-house, with a pretty bowling-green. My Lady gaveus an extraordinary dinner. This gentleman's mother was Countess of Rochester, who was also there, and Sir Walter St. John. There were some pictures of their ancestors, not ill painted; the great-grandfather had been Knight of the Garter; there was a picture of a Pope, and our Savior's head. So we returned to Cornbury.

24th October, 1664. We dined at Sir Timothy Tyrill's at Shotover. This gentleman married the daughter and heir of Dr. James Usher, Archbishop of Armagh, that learned prelate. There is here in the grove a fountain of the coldest water I ever felt, and very clear. His plantation of oaks and other timber is very commendable. We went in the evening to Oxford, lay at Dr. Hyde's, principal of Magdalen-Hall (related to the Lord Chancellor), brother to the Lord Chief Justice and that Sir Henry Hyde, who lost his head for his loyalty. We were handsomely entertained two days. The Vice-Chancellor, who with Dr. Fell, Dean of Christ Church, the learned Dr. Barlow, Warden of Queen's, and several heads of houses, came to visit Lord Cornbury (his father being now Chancellor of the University), and next day invited us all to dinner. I went to visit Mr. Boyle (now here), whom I found with Dr. Wallis and Dr. Christopher Wren, in the tower of the schools, with an inverted tube, or telescope, observing the discus of the sun for the passing of Mercury that day before it; but the latitude was so great that nothing appeared; so we went to see the rarities in the library, where the keepers showed me my name among the benefactors. They have a cabinet of some medals, and pictures of the muscular parts of man's body. Thence, to the new theater, now building at an exceeding and royal expense by the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury [Sheldon], to keep the Acts in for the future, till now being in St. Mary's Church. The foundation had been newly laid, and the whole designed by that incomparable genius my worthy friend, Dr. Christopher Wren, who showed me the model, not disdaining my advice in some particulars. Thence, to see the picture on the wall over the altar of All Souls, being the largest piece of fresco painting (or rather in imitation of it, for it is in oil of turpentine) in England, not ill designed by the hand of one Fuller; yet I fear it will not hold long. It seems too full of nakeds for a chapel.

Thence, to New College, and the painting of Magdalen chapel, which is on blue cloth inchiar oscuro, by one Greenborow, being aCœna Domini, and a "Last Judgment" on the wall by Fuller, as in the other, but somewhat varied.

Next to Wadham, and the Physic Garden, where were two large locust trees, and as many platani (plane trees), and some rare plants under the culture of old Bobart.

LONDON

26th October, 1664. We came back to Beaconsfield; next day to London, where we dined at the Lord Chancellor's, with my Lord Bellasis.

27th October, 1664. Being casually in the privy gallery at Whitehall, his Majesty gave me thanks before divers lords and noblemen for my book of "Architecture," and again for my "Sylva" saying they were the best designed and useful for the matter and subject, the best printed and designed (meaning thetaille-doucesof the Parallel of Architecture) that he had seen. He then caused me to follow him alone to one of the windows, and asked me if I had any paper about me unwritten, and a crayon; I presented him with both, and then laying it on the window-stool, he with his own hands designed to me the plot for the future building of Whitehall, together with the rooms of state, and other particulars. After this, he talked with me of several matters, asking my advice, in which I find his Majesty had an extraordinary talent becoming a magnificent prince.

The same day at Council, there being Commissioners to be made to take care of such sick and wounded and prisoners of war, as might be expected upon occasion of a succeeding war and action at sea, war being already declaredagainst the Hollanders, his Majesty was pleased to nominate me to be one, with three other gentlemen, Parliament men, viz, Sir William Doily, Knt. and Bart., Sir Thomas Clifford, and Bullein Rheymes, Esq.; with a salary of £1,200 a year among us, besides extraordinaries for our care and attention in time of station, each of us being appointed to a particular district, mine falling out to be Kent and Sussex, with power to constitute officers, physicians, chirurgeons, provost-marshals, and to dispose of half of the hospitals through England. After the Council, we kissed his Majesty's hand. At this Council I heard Mr. Solicitor Finch plead most elegantlyfor the merchants trading to the Canaries, praying for a new Charter.

29th October, 1664. Was the most magnificent triumph by water and land of the Lord Mayor. I dined at Guildhall at the upper table, placed next to Sir H. Bennett, Secretary of State, opposite to my Lord Chancellor and the Duke of Buckingham, who sat between Monsieur Comminges, the French Ambassador, Lord Treasurer, the Dukes of Ormond and Albemarle, Earl of Manchester, Lord Chamberlain, and the rest of the great officers of state. My Lord Mayor came twice up to us, first drinking in the golden goblet his Majesty's health, then the French King's as a compliment to the Ambassador; we returned my Lord Mayor's health, the trumpets and drums sounding. The cheer was not to be imagined for the plenty and rarity, with an infinite number of persons at the tables in that ample hall. The feast was said to cost £1,000. I slipped away in the crowd, and came home late.

31st October, 1664. I was this day 44 years of age; for which I returned thanks to Almighty God, begging his merciful protection for the year to come.

2d November, 1664. Her Majesty, the Queen-Mother, came across the gallery in Whitehall to give me thanks for my book of "Architecture," which I had presented to her, with a compliment that I did by no means deserve.

16th November, 1664. We chose our treasurer, clerks, and messengers, and appointed our seal, which I ordered should be the good Samaritan, with this motto, "Fac similiter." Painters' Hall was lent us to meet in. In the great room were divers pictures, some reasonably good, that had been given to the Company by several of the wardens and masters of the Company.

23d November, 1664. Our statutes now finished, were read before a full assembly of the Royal Society.

24th November, 1664. His Majesty was pleased to tell me what the conference was with the Holland Ambassador, which, as after I found, was the heads of the speech he made at the reconvention of the Parliament, which now began.

2d December, 1664. We delivered the Privy Council's letters to the Governors of St. Thomas's Hospital, inSouthwark, that a moiety of the house should be reserved for such sick and wounded as should from time to time be sent from the fleet during the war. This being delivered at their Court, the President and several Aldermen, Governors of that Hospital, invited us to a great feast in Fishmongers' Hall.

LONDON

20th December, 1664. To London, our last sitting, taking order for our personal visiting our several districts. I dined at Captain Cocke's (our treasurer), with that most ingenious gentleman, Matthew Wren, son to the Bishop of Ely, and Mr. Joseph Williamson, since Secretary of State.

22d December, 1664. I went to the launching of a new ship of two bottoms, invented by Sir William Petty, on which were various opinions; his Majesty being present, gave her the name of the "Experiment": so I returned home, where I found Sir Humphry Winch, who spent the day with me.

This year I planted the lower grove next the pond at Sayes Court. It was now exceedingly cold, and a hard, long, frosty season, and the comet was very visible.

28th December, 1664. Some of my poor neighbors dined with me, and others of my tenants, according to my annual custom.

31st December, 1664. Set my affairs in order, gave God praise for His mercies the past year, and prepared for the reception of the Holy Sacrament, which I partook of the next day, after hearing our minister on the 4th of Galatians, verses 4, 5, of the mystery of our Blessed Savior's Incarnation.

FOOTNOTES:1This expression is, perhaps, hardly applicable to the fact of Evelyn's having witnessed a siege merely as a curious spectator. He reached the camp on the 2d, and left it on the 8th of August, 1641. It is certain, however, that during these six days he took his turn on duty, and trailed a pike.—See Diary.22d October, 1665, he writes to the Lord Chancellor, Lord Arlington, Sir William Coventry, and Sir Philip Warwick, complaining of want of money for the prisoners: praying that while he and his brother Commissioners adventure their persons and all that is dear to them, in this uncomfortable service, they may not be exposed to ruin, and to a necessity of abandoning their care; and adding that they have lost their officers and servants by the pestilence, and are hourly environed with the saddest objects of perishing people. "I have," says he, "fifteen places full of sick men, where they put me to unspeakable trouble; the magistrates and justices, who should further us in our exigencies, hindering the people from giving us quarters, jealous of the contagion, and causing them to shut the doors at our approach."3Dr. Walker had been a member of the Church of England, but had renounced it, and turned Papist.4He was married at St. Thomas's, Southwark, 27th January, 1613. My sister Eliza was born at nine at night, 28th November, 1614; Jane at four in the morning, 16th February, 1616; my brother George at nine at night, Wednesday, 18th June, 1617; and my brother Richard, 9th November, 1622.—Note by Evelyn.5The whole of this passage, so characteristic of the writer's tastes and genius, and both the paragraphs before and after it, are printed for the first time in this edition. Portions of the preceding description of Wotton are also first taken from the original; and it may not be out of place to add that, more especially in the first fifty pages of this volume, a very large number of curious and interesting additions are made to Evelyn's text from the Manuscript of the Diary at Wotton.6Long afterward, Evelyn was in the habit of paying great respect to his old teacher.7Evelyn should have said "till twenty years after," not thirty. Coffee was introduced into England, and coffee-houses set up, in 1658.8On the 15th of April Strafford made his eloquent defense, which it seems to have been Evelyn's good fortune to be present at. And here the reader may remark the fact, not without significance, that between the entries on this page of the Diary which relate to Lord Strafford, the young Prince of Orange came over to make love to the Princess Royal, then twelve years old; and that the marriage was subsequently celebrated amid extraordinary Court rejoicings and festivities, in which the King took a prominent part, during the short interval which elapsed between the sentence and execution of the King's great and unfortunate minister.9His own portrait.10In such manner Evelyn refers to the tax of Ship-money. But compare this remarkable passage, now first printed from the original, with the tone in which, eight years later, he spoke of the only chance by which monarchy in England might be saved; namely, that of "doing nothing as to government but what shall be approved by the old way of a free parliament, and the known laws of the land."11The meaning of this expression is, that they should be in time to witness the siege.12Westminster hall used to be so in Term time, and during the sitting of Parliament, as late as the beginning of the reign of George III.13This notice, slipped by accident into the entries which refer to Antwerp, belongs to those of Bruges.14That of Charles V.15A. D. 630.16Or Sheba.17Dauphin.18In the first and second editions of the "Diary" many trifling personal details, such as this mention of the author having sent his own picture in water colors to his sister, were omitted. It is not necessary to point them out in detail. They are always of this personal character; as, among other examples, the mention of the wet weather preventing the diarist from stirring out, and that of his coming weary to his lodgings.19Evelyn seems to have been much enchanted by the fragrancy of the air of this coast, for he has noticed it again in his dedication of the "Fumifugium," to Charles the Second.20There seems to be here an omission in the MS. between their leaving Florence and going to Sienna.21John Baptista Pamphili, chosen Pope in October, 1644, died in 1655.22The wine so called.23The sense in which Evelyn uses this word is that of its old signification, as being very active and full of business, setting to work systematically with what he came upon, namely, to view the antiquities and beauties of Rome.24Pope Alexander III., flying from the wrath and violence of the Emperor Frederick I., took shelter at Venice, where he was acknowledged, and most honorably received by the Senate. The Emperor's son, Otho, being conquered and taken in a naval battle, the Emperor, having made peace, became a suppliant to the Pope, promising fealty and obedience. Thus his dignity was restored to the Pontiff, by the aid of the Republic of Venice,MCLXXVIII.25This very book, by one of those curious chances that occasionally happen, found its way into England some forty years ago, and was seen by the Editor of the early edition of this "Diary." It may be worth remarking that wherever, in the course of it, the title of "Defender of the Faith" was subjoined to the name of Henry, the Pope had drawn his pen through the title. The name of the King occurred in his own handwriting both at the beginning and end; and on the binding were the Royal Arms. Its possessor had purchased it in Italy for a few shillings from an old bookstall.26Such is the inscription, as copied by Evelyn; but as its sense is not very clear, and the Diary contains instances of incorrectness in transcribing, it may be desirable to subjoin the distich said (by Keysler in his "Travels," ii. 433) to be the only one in the whole mausoleum:"Quæ cineris tumulo hæc vestigia? conditur olimIlle hoc qui cecinit pascua, rura, duces."27Evelyn's dates in this portion of his Diary appear to require occasionally that qualification of "about."28And in the cup anUNIONshall he throw,Richer than that which four successive kingsIn Denmark's crown have worn.—Shakespeare, "Hamlet," Act v. Sc. 2.Theobald says, anUNIONis the finest sort of pearl, and has its place in all crowns and coronets. The Latin word for a single large pearl, it is hardly necessary to add, isunio.29Cardinal Hippolito Aldobrandini was elected Pope in January, 1592, by the name of Clement VIII., and died in March, 1605.30A guillotine.31What particular Richard King of England this was, it is impossible to say; the tomb still exists, and has long been acruxto antiquaries and travelers.32A measure of half an ell.33They were taken away by Bonaparte to Paris; but in 1815, were sent back to Venice.34St. Peter's disciple, first Bishop of Padua.35The celebrated Thomas, Earl of Arundel, part of whose collection was eventually procured for the University of Oxford by Evelyn, and is distinguished by the nameMarmora Arundeliana.36Or della Scala.37Bonaparte afterward took it, and placed it on his own head.38Sir Arthur Hopton was uncle, not brother, to Lord Hopton (so well known for his services to Charles in the course of the Civil War).39The lady here referred to was Lucy, daughter of Richard Walters, Esq., of Haverfordwest. She had two children by the King; James, subsequently so celebrated as the Duke of Monmouth, and Mary, whose lot was obscure in comparison with that of her brother, but of course infinitely happier. She married a Mr. William Sarsfield, of Ireland, and after his death, William Fanshawe, Esq.40This he does not fail to repeat at the end of every year, but it will not always be necessary here to insert it.41A copy of it is subjoined. "These are to will and require you to permit and suffer the bearer thereof, John Evelyn, Esq., to transport himself, two servants, and other necessaries, into any port of France without any your lets or molestations, of which you are not to fail, and for which this shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at the Council of State at Whitehall this 25th of June, 1650."Signed in the Name and by Order of the Council of State,appointed by authority of Parliament,Jo. Bradshawe, President."To all Customers, Comptrollers and Searchers, andall other officers of the Ports, or Customs."Subjoined to the signature, Evelyn has added in his own writing; "The hand of that villain who sentenced our Charles I. of B[lessed] M[emory."] Its endorsement, also in his writing, is, "The Pass from the Council of State, 1650."42The famous Venetian writer on Temperance.43A native of Essex, who was born in 1582, educated abroad, and, his family being Catholic, became a priest of that church, the sub-rector of the college at Douay. He advocated the Cartesian philosophy, and this brought him into an extensive correspondence with Hobbes and Descartes, in the course of which he Latinized his name into Thomas Albius, or De Albis. He died in 1676.44Sister of Colonel Lane, an English officer in the army of Charles II. dispersed at the battle of Worcester. She assisted the King in effecting his escape after that battle, his Majesty traveling with her disguised as her serving man, William Jackson.45The Duke of Orleans, taken at the battle of Agincourt, 4 Hen. V., by Richard Waller, then owner of this place. See Hasted's "Kent," vol. i., p. 431.46The book here referred to is in the British Museum, entitled "Joannis Barclaii Icon Animarum," and printed at London, 1614, small 12mo. It is written in Latin, and dedicated to Louis XIII. of France, for what reason does not appear, the author speaking of himself as a subject of this country. It mentions the necessity of forming the minds of youth, as a skillful gardener forms his trees; the different dispositions of men, in different nations; English, Scotch, and Irish, etc. Chapter second contains a florid description of the beautiful scenery about Greenwich, but does not mention Dr. Mason, or his house.47Evelyn is here in error: Mr. Hyldiard was of East Horsley, Sir Walter of West.48See under the year 1688, November.49Such were the speaking figures long ago exhibited in Spring Gardens, and in Leicester Fields.50King Stephen was buried at Faversham. The effigy Evelyn alluded to is that of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy.51Marble, inlaid of various colors, representing flowers, birds, etc.52A conduit it should rather be called.53The reader must remember that an Oxford man is speaking.54The text was 2 Cor. xiii 9. That, however persecution dealt with the Ministers of God's Word, they were still to pray for the flock, and wish their perfection, as it was the flock to pray for and assist their pastors, by the example of St. Paul.—Evelyn's Note.55Many years ago, Lord Dundonald revived the project, with the proposed improvement of extracting and saving the tar. Unfortunately he did not profit by it. The coal thus charred is sold asCOKE, a very useful fuel for many purposes.56Evelyn means the younger Vane. This was "Vane, young in years, but in sage counsel old," the nobleness and independence of whose character, as well as his claims to the affection of posterity, are not ill expressed in the two facts recorded by Evelyn—his imprisonment by Cromwell, and his judicial murder by Charles II. The foolish book to which Evelyn refers was an able and fearless attack on Cromwell's government.57This was probably the animal called a Mocock (maucaco), since well known.58Beckmann, in his "History of Inventions," has written an account of the different instruments applied to carriages to measure the distance they pass over. He places the first introduction of theadometerin England at about the end of the seventeenth century, instead of about the middle, and states it to have been the invention of an ingenious artist named Butterfield.59Not far from the course of the Roman Road from Chichester, through Sussex, passing through Ockley, and Dorking churchyard. Considerable remains of a Roman building have since been found on Waltonheath, south of this house.60Afterward one of Charles II.'s mistresses.61William, afterward third Lord Brereton; an accomplished and able man, who assisted Evelyn in establishing the Royal Society. He died in 1679.62With the title of "The Late News, or Message from Brussels Unmasked." This, and the pamphlet which gave rise to it, are reprinted in "Evelyn's Miscellaneous Writings."63Pieces of money, so called from the figure of an angel on them.64"A Character of England," reprinted in Evelyn's "Miscellaneous Writings," pp. 141-67.65The entry in the "Diary" describing the Protector's funeral.66A poem which Evelyn had composed on his Majesty's Coronation; the 23d of April, 1661, being St. George's day.67This pamphlet having become scarce, was in 1772 reprinted in 4to, and is now incorporated in Evelyn's "Miscellaneous Writings."68Henrietta Maria.69This refers to the Dutchman,ante, 28th August, 1641; and to an extraordinary case contained in a "Miraculous Cure of the Prussian Swallow Knife, etc., by Dan Lakin, P. C." quarto, London, 1642, with a woodcut representing the object of the cure and the size of the knife.70Of a dark olive complexion. It has been noticed in other accounts that Katharine of Braganza's Portuguese Ladies of Honor, who came over with her, were uncommonly ill-favored, and disagreeable in their appearance. See Faithorne's curious print of the Queen in the costume here described.71The Maids of Honor had a mother at least as early as the reign of Elizabeth. The office is supposed to have been abolished about the period of the Revolution of 1688.72See Evelyn's "Miscellaneous Writings."73Since Cardinal at Rome. "Evelyn's Note."74Of Betchworth, in Surrey.75By Sir William Davenant, a hotch-potch out of "Measure for Measure" and "Much Ado about Nothing."76By Dryden. It was unsuccessful on the first representation, but was subsequently altered to the form in which it now appears.77That is against the King.78A monument to him in Deptford Church bears a most pompous inscription: "Qui fuit patriæ decus, patriæ suæ magnum munimentum;" to the effect that he had not only restored our naval affairs, but he invented that excellent and new ornament of the Navy which we call Frigate, formidable to our enemies, to us most useful and safe: he was to be esteemed, indeed, by this invention, the Noah of his age, which, like another Ark, had snatched from shipwreck our rights and our dominion of the seas.79By Sir Robert Howard and Dryden.80A Roman Catholic.81"Parallel between Ancient and Modern Architecture, originally written in French, by Roland Freart, Sieur de Chambray," and translated by Evelyn. See his "Miscellaneous Writings."

1This expression is, perhaps, hardly applicable to the fact of Evelyn's having witnessed a siege merely as a curious spectator. He reached the camp on the 2d, and left it on the 8th of August, 1641. It is certain, however, that during these six days he took his turn on duty, and trailed a pike.—See Diary.

22d October, 1665, he writes to the Lord Chancellor, Lord Arlington, Sir William Coventry, and Sir Philip Warwick, complaining of want of money for the prisoners: praying that while he and his brother Commissioners adventure their persons and all that is dear to them, in this uncomfortable service, they may not be exposed to ruin, and to a necessity of abandoning their care; and adding that they have lost their officers and servants by the pestilence, and are hourly environed with the saddest objects of perishing people. "I have," says he, "fifteen places full of sick men, where they put me to unspeakable trouble; the magistrates and justices, who should further us in our exigencies, hindering the people from giving us quarters, jealous of the contagion, and causing them to shut the doors at our approach."

3Dr. Walker had been a member of the Church of England, but had renounced it, and turned Papist.

4He was married at St. Thomas's, Southwark, 27th January, 1613. My sister Eliza was born at nine at night, 28th November, 1614; Jane at four in the morning, 16th February, 1616; my brother George at nine at night, Wednesday, 18th June, 1617; and my brother Richard, 9th November, 1622.—Note by Evelyn.

5The whole of this passage, so characteristic of the writer's tastes and genius, and both the paragraphs before and after it, are printed for the first time in this edition. Portions of the preceding description of Wotton are also first taken from the original; and it may not be out of place to add that, more especially in the first fifty pages of this volume, a very large number of curious and interesting additions are made to Evelyn's text from the Manuscript of the Diary at Wotton.

6Long afterward, Evelyn was in the habit of paying great respect to his old teacher.

7Evelyn should have said "till twenty years after," not thirty. Coffee was introduced into England, and coffee-houses set up, in 1658.

8On the 15th of April Strafford made his eloquent defense, which it seems to have been Evelyn's good fortune to be present at. And here the reader may remark the fact, not without significance, that between the entries on this page of the Diary which relate to Lord Strafford, the young Prince of Orange came over to make love to the Princess Royal, then twelve years old; and that the marriage was subsequently celebrated amid extraordinary Court rejoicings and festivities, in which the King took a prominent part, during the short interval which elapsed between the sentence and execution of the King's great and unfortunate minister.

9His own portrait.

10In such manner Evelyn refers to the tax of Ship-money. But compare this remarkable passage, now first printed from the original, with the tone in which, eight years later, he spoke of the only chance by which monarchy in England might be saved; namely, that of "doing nothing as to government but what shall be approved by the old way of a free parliament, and the known laws of the land."

11The meaning of this expression is, that they should be in time to witness the siege.

12Westminster hall used to be so in Term time, and during the sitting of Parliament, as late as the beginning of the reign of George III.

13This notice, slipped by accident into the entries which refer to Antwerp, belongs to those of Bruges.

14That of Charles V.

15A. D. 630.

16Or Sheba.

17Dauphin.

18In the first and second editions of the "Diary" many trifling personal details, such as this mention of the author having sent his own picture in water colors to his sister, were omitted. It is not necessary to point them out in detail. They are always of this personal character; as, among other examples, the mention of the wet weather preventing the diarist from stirring out, and that of his coming weary to his lodgings.

19Evelyn seems to have been much enchanted by the fragrancy of the air of this coast, for he has noticed it again in his dedication of the "Fumifugium," to Charles the Second.

20There seems to be here an omission in the MS. between their leaving Florence and going to Sienna.

21John Baptista Pamphili, chosen Pope in October, 1644, died in 1655.

22The wine so called.

23The sense in which Evelyn uses this word is that of its old signification, as being very active and full of business, setting to work systematically with what he came upon, namely, to view the antiquities and beauties of Rome.

24Pope Alexander III., flying from the wrath and violence of the Emperor Frederick I., took shelter at Venice, where he was acknowledged, and most honorably received by the Senate. The Emperor's son, Otho, being conquered and taken in a naval battle, the Emperor, having made peace, became a suppliant to the Pope, promising fealty and obedience. Thus his dignity was restored to the Pontiff, by the aid of the Republic of Venice,MCLXXVIII.

25This very book, by one of those curious chances that occasionally happen, found its way into England some forty years ago, and was seen by the Editor of the early edition of this "Diary." It may be worth remarking that wherever, in the course of it, the title of "Defender of the Faith" was subjoined to the name of Henry, the Pope had drawn his pen through the title. The name of the King occurred in his own handwriting both at the beginning and end; and on the binding were the Royal Arms. Its possessor had purchased it in Italy for a few shillings from an old bookstall.

26Such is the inscription, as copied by Evelyn; but as its sense is not very clear, and the Diary contains instances of incorrectness in transcribing, it may be desirable to subjoin the distich said (by Keysler in his "Travels," ii. 433) to be the only one in the whole mausoleum:"Quæ cineris tumulo hæc vestigia? conditur olimIlle hoc qui cecinit pascua, rura, duces."

"Quæ cineris tumulo hæc vestigia? conditur olimIlle hoc qui cecinit pascua, rura, duces."

27Evelyn's dates in this portion of his Diary appear to require occasionally that qualification of "about."

28And in the cup anUNIONshall he throw,Richer than that which four successive kingsIn Denmark's crown have worn.—Shakespeare, "Hamlet," Act v. Sc. 2.Theobald says, anUNIONis the finest sort of pearl, and has its place in all crowns and coronets. The Latin word for a single large pearl, it is hardly necessary to add, isunio.

And in the cup anUNIONshall he throw,Richer than that which four successive kingsIn Denmark's crown have worn.—Shakespeare, "Hamlet," Act v. Sc. 2.

Theobald says, anUNIONis the finest sort of pearl, and has its place in all crowns and coronets. The Latin word for a single large pearl, it is hardly necessary to add, isunio.

29Cardinal Hippolito Aldobrandini was elected Pope in January, 1592, by the name of Clement VIII., and died in March, 1605.

30A guillotine.

31What particular Richard King of England this was, it is impossible to say; the tomb still exists, and has long been acruxto antiquaries and travelers.

32A measure of half an ell.

33They were taken away by Bonaparte to Paris; but in 1815, were sent back to Venice.

34St. Peter's disciple, first Bishop of Padua.

35The celebrated Thomas, Earl of Arundel, part of whose collection was eventually procured for the University of Oxford by Evelyn, and is distinguished by the nameMarmora Arundeliana.

36Or della Scala.

37Bonaparte afterward took it, and placed it on his own head.

38Sir Arthur Hopton was uncle, not brother, to Lord Hopton (so well known for his services to Charles in the course of the Civil War).

39The lady here referred to was Lucy, daughter of Richard Walters, Esq., of Haverfordwest. She had two children by the King; James, subsequently so celebrated as the Duke of Monmouth, and Mary, whose lot was obscure in comparison with that of her brother, but of course infinitely happier. She married a Mr. William Sarsfield, of Ireland, and after his death, William Fanshawe, Esq.

40This he does not fail to repeat at the end of every year, but it will not always be necessary here to insert it.

41A copy of it is subjoined. "These are to will and require you to permit and suffer the bearer thereof, John Evelyn, Esq., to transport himself, two servants, and other necessaries, into any port of France without any your lets or molestations, of which you are not to fail, and for which this shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at the Council of State at Whitehall this 25th of June, 1650."Signed in the Name and by Order of the Council of State,appointed by authority of Parliament,Jo. Bradshawe, President."To all Customers, Comptrollers and Searchers, andall other officers of the Ports, or Customs."Subjoined to the signature, Evelyn has added in his own writing; "The hand of that villain who sentenced our Charles I. of B[lessed] M[emory."] Its endorsement, also in his writing, is, "The Pass from the Council of State, 1650."

"Signed in the Name and by Order of the Council of State,appointed by authority of Parliament,Jo. Bradshawe, President.

"To all Customers, Comptrollers and Searchers, andall other officers of the Ports, or Customs."

Subjoined to the signature, Evelyn has added in his own writing; "The hand of that villain who sentenced our Charles I. of B[lessed] M[emory."] Its endorsement, also in his writing, is, "The Pass from the Council of State, 1650."

42The famous Venetian writer on Temperance.

43A native of Essex, who was born in 1582, educated abroad, and, his family being Catholic, became a priest of that church, the sub-rector of the college at Douay. He advocated the Cartesian philosophy, and this brought him into an extensive correspondence with Hobbes and Descartes, in the course of which he Latinized his name into Thomas Albius, or De Albis. He died in 1676.

44Sister of Colonel Lane, an English officer in the army of Charles II. dispersed at the battle of Worcester. She assisted the King in effecting his escape after that battle, his Majesty traveling with her disguised as her serving man, William Jackson.

45The Duke of Orleans, taken at the battle of Agincourt, 4 Hen. V., by Richard Waller, then owner of this place. See Hasted's "Kent," vol. i., p. 431.

46The book here referred to is in the British Museum, entitled "Joannis Barclaii Icon Animarum," and printed at London, 1614, small 12mo. It is written in Latin, and dedicated to Louis XIII. of France, for what reason does not appear, the author speaking of himself as a subject of this country. It mentions the necessity of forming the minds of youth, as a skillful gardener forms his trees; the different dispositions of men, in different nations; English, Scotch, and Irish, etc. Chapter second contains a florid description of the beautiful scenery about Greenwich, but does not mention Dr. Mason, or his house.

47Evelyn is here in error: Mr. Hyldiard was of East Horsley, Sir Walter of West.

48See under the year 1688, November.

49Such were the speaking figures long ago exhibited in Spring Gardens, and in Leicester Fields.

50King Stephen was buried at Faversham. The effigy Evelyn alluded to is that of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy.

51Marble, inlaid of various colors, representing flowers, birds, etc.

52A conduit it should rather be called.

53The reader must remember that an Oxford man is speaking.

54The text was 2 Cor. xiii 9. That, however persecution dealt with the Ministers of God's Word, they were still to pray for the flock, and wish their perfection, as it was the flock to pray for and assist their pastors, by the example of St. Paul.—Evelyn's Note.

55Many years ago, Lord Dundonald revived the project, with the proposed improvement of extracting and saving the tar. Unfortunately he did not profit by it. The coal thus charred is sold asCOKE, a very useful fuel for many purposes.

56Evelyn means the younger Vane. This was "Vane, young in years, but in sage counsel old," the nobleness and independence of whose character, as well as his claims to the affection of posterity, are not ill expressed in the two facts recorded by Evelyn—his imprisonment by Cromwell, and his judicial murder by Charles II. The foolish book to which Evelyn refers was an able and fearless attack on Cromwell's government.

57This was probably the animal called a Mocock (maucaco), since well known.

58Beckmann, in his "History of Inventions," has written an account of the different instruments applied to carriages to measure the distance they pass over. He places the first introduction of theadometerin England at about the end of the seventeenth century, instead of about the middle, and states it to have been the invention of an ingenious artist named Butterfield.

59Not far from the course of the Roman Road from Chichester, through Sussex, passing through Ockley, and Dorking churchyard. Considerable remains of a Roman building have since been found on Waltonheath, south of this house.

60Afterward one of Charles II.'s mistresses.

61William, afterward third Lord Brereton; an accomplished and able man, who assisted Evelyn in establishing the Royal Society. He died in 1679.

62With the title of "The Late News, or Message from Brussels Unmasked." This, and the pamphlet which gave rise to it, are reprinted in "Evelyn's Miscellaneous Writings."

63Pieces of money, so called from the figure of an angel on them.

64"A Character of England," reprinted in Evelyn's "Miscellaneous Writings," pp. 141-67.

65The entry in the "Diary" describing the Protector's funeral.

66A poem which Evelyn had composed on his Majesty's Coronation; the 23d of April, 1661, being St. George's day.

67This pamphlet having become scarce, was in 1772 reprinted in 4to, and is now incorporated in Evelyn's "Miscellaneous Writings."

68Henrietta Maria.

69This refers to the Dutchman,ante, 28th August, 1641; and to an extraordinary case contained in a "Miraculous Cure of the Prussian Swallow Knife, etc., by Dan Lakin, P. C." quarto, London, 1642, with a woodcut representing the object of the cure and the size of the knife.

70Of a dark olive complexion. It has been noticed in other accounts that Katharine of Braganza's Portuguese Ladies of Honor, who came over with her, were uncommonly ill-favored, and disagreeable in their appearance. See Faithorne's curious print of the Queen in the costume here described.

71The Maids of Honor had a mother at least as early as the reign of Elizabeth. The office is supposed to have been abolished about the period of the Revolution of 1688.

72See Evelyn's "Miscellaneous Writings."

73Since Cardinal at Rome. "Evelyn's Note."

74Of Betchworth, in Surrey.

75By Sir William Davenant, a hotch-potch out of "Measure for Measure" and "Much Ado about Nothing."

76By Dryden. It was unsuccessful on the first representation, but was subsequently altered to the form in which it now appears.

77That is against the King.

78A monument to him in Deptford Church bears a most pompous inscription: "Qui fuit patriæ decus, patriæ suæ magnum munimentum;" to the effect that he had not only restored our naval affairs, but he invented that excellent and new ornament of the Navy which we call Frigate, formidable to our enemies, to us most useful and safe: he was to be esteemed, indeed, by this invention, the Noah of his age, which, like another Ark, had snatched from shipwreck our rights and our dominion of the seas.

79By Sir Robert Howard and Dryden.

80A Roman Catholic.

81"Parallel between Ancient and Modern Architecture, originally written in French, by Roland Freart, Sieur de Chambray," and translated by Evelyn. See his "Miscellaneous Writings."

Transcriber's NotePage headers in the original text indicated the location of the author. I have converted these to sidenotes. When the location did not change over several pages, only one sidenote was used.Footnotes have been moved to the end of the book.Inconsistencies have been retained in spelling, hyphenation, punctuation, and grammar, except where indicated in the list below:Comma removed after "King" on Page xxiiComma removed after "ARTIBUS" and word was moved to the start of following line on Page 17"extrordinary" changed to "extraordinary" on Page 22Period changed to comma after "considerable" on Page 50Colon changed to semicolon after "good" on Page 57"Cum-anno" changed to "Cum anno" on Page 60"ceörcuit" changed to "coërcuit" on Page 60Period added after "capital" on Page 66Comma changed to a period added after "head" on Page 68Comma added after "churches" on Page 70Period added after "Paris" on Page 73Period changed to a colon after after "vetustiss" on Page 98"qu" changed to "qui" on Page 99"suffiently" changed to "sufficiently" on Page 100"theorboes" changed to "theorbos" on Page 107"hicerigi" changed to "hic erigi" on Page 112"d Arpino" changed to "d'Arpino" on Page 119"Mosiac" changed to "Mosaic" on Page 123"Sextns" changed to "Sextus" on Page 124"S.P. Q.R.D.D." changed to "S.P.Q.R.D.D." on Page 124"tune" changed to "tunc" on Page 124"Mosiac" changed to "Mosaic" on Page 132"viz." changed to "viz" on Page 138Period added after "grosse" on Page 138Semicolon added after "Cybel" on Page 140"Scipio'o" changed to "Scipio's" on Page 140"forman" changed to "formam" on Page 144Quote added before "Inclyta" on Page 146"cinceres" changed to "cineres" on Page 153Colon changed to a semicolon after "brass" on Page 161Round bracket added after "excepted" on Page 164"Lanframe" changed to "Lanfranc" on Page 166Comma changed to a period after "VIII" on Page 167"sinking" changed to "stinking" on Page 178"suphurous" changed to "sulphurous" on Page 178Comma added after "Pegasus" on Page 178"gread" changed to "great" on Page 179Colon changed to semicolon after "mummy" on Page 182Period changed to comma after "ordnance" on Page 187Comma changed to a semicolon after "marble" on Page 200Period added after "October" on Page 212"thought" changed to "taught" on Page 213Extra "to" removed on Page 214Extra "of" removed on Page 217"Poti" changed to "Pot." on Page 223Comma added after "August" on Page 243"father s" changed to "father's" on Page 251"Cecelia's" changed to "Cecilia's" on Page 259"Musician's" changed to "Musicians" on Page 259Extra "the" removed on Page 264"captan" changed to "captain" on Page 265"taffet" changed to "taffeta" on Page 265"Febur's" changed to "Febure's" on Page 269"Cromwells" changed to "Cromwell's" on Page 274"Condè's" changed to "Condé's" on Page 275Period added after "1653" on Page 281Period added after "1653" on Page 281Duplicate "the" removed on Page 284Comma changed to a period after "Mr" on Page 284"delighful" changed to "delightful" on Page 285"Pophams" changed to "Popham's" on Page 285"June" changed to "July" on Page 287"June" changed to "July" on Page 287Comma added after "music" on Page 287"MSS." changed to "MS." on Page 288"meantine" changed to "meantime" on Page 290Period added after "prospect" on Page 296Comma added after "December" on Page 302Comma changed to a period after "it" on Page 308"indiffierently" changed to "indifferently" on Page 314"January" changed to "February" on Page 314"January" changed to "February" on Page 315"deperate" changed to "desperate" on Page 317Period added after "1657" on Page 317Period added after "country" on Page 317"commisioners" changed to "commissioners" on Page 326Comma added after "November" on Page 328"1650" changed to "1660" on Page 336Period added after "Crisp" on Page 356Comma changed to a period after "modern" on Page 356Period added after "St" on Page 360Extra "the" removed on Page 362Comma changed to a period after "St" on Page 364Period added after "Sylva" on Page 365"October" changed to "November" on Page 366Period added after "Worcester" on Page 366Period added after "St" on Page 366Comma changed to a period after "1664" on Page 376"againt" changed to "against" on Page 378

Page headers in the original text indicated the location of the author. I have converted these to sidenotes. When the location did not change over several pages, only one sidenote was used.

Footnotes have been moved to the end of the book.

Inconsistencies have been retained in spelling, hyphenation, punctuation, and grammar, except where indicated in the list below:

Comma removed after "King" on Page xxiiComma removed after "ARTIBUS" and word was moved to the start of following line on Page 17"extrordinary" changed to "extraordinary" on Page 22Period changed to comma after "considerable" on Page 50Colon changed to semicolon after "good" on Page 57"Cum-anno" changed to "Cum anno" on Page 60"ceörcuit" changed to "coërcuit" on Page 60Period added after "capital" on Page 66Comma changed to a period added after "head" on Page 68Comma added after "churches" on Page 70Period added after "Paris" on Page 73Period changed to a colon after after "vetustiss" on Page 98"qu" changed to "qui" on Page 99"suffiently" changed to "sufficiently" on Page 100"theorboes" changed to "theorbos" on Page 107"hicerigi" changed to "hic erigi" on Page 112"d Arpino" changed to "d'Arpino" on Page 119"Mosiac" changed to "Mosaic" on Page 123"Sextns" changed to "Sextus" on Page 124"S.P. Q.R.D.D." changed to "S.P.Q.R.D.D." on Page 124"tune" changed to "tunc" on Page 124"Mosiac" changed to "Mosaic" on Page 132"viz." changed to "viz" on Page 138Period added after "grosse" on Page 138Semicolon added after "Cybel" on Page 140"Scipio'o" changed to "Scipio's" on Page 140"forman" changed to "formam" on Page 144Quote added before "Inclyta" on Page 146"cinceres" changed to "cineres" on Page 153Colon changed to a semicolon after "brass" on Page 161Round bracket added after "excepted" on Page 164"Lanframe" changed to "Lanfranc" on Page 166Comma changed to a period after "VIII" on Page 167"sinking" changed to "stinking" on Page 178"suphurous" changed to "sulphurous" on Page 178Comma added after "Pegasus" on Page 178"gread" changed to "great" on Page 179Colon changed to semicolon after "mummy" on Page 182Period changed to comma after "ordnance" on Page 187Comma changed to a semicolon after "marble" on Page 200Period added after "October" on Page 212"thought" changed to "taught" on Page 213Extra "to" removed on Page 214Extra "of" removed on Page 217"Poti" changed to "Pot." on Page 223Comma added after "August" on Page 243"father s" changed to "father's" on Page 251"Cecelia's" changed to "Cecilia's" on Page 259"Musician's" changed to "Musicians" on Page 259Extra "the" removed on Page 264"captan" changed to "captain" on Page 265"taffet" changed to "taffeta" on Page 265"Febur's" changed to "Febure's" on Page 269"Cromwells" changed to "Cromwell's" on Page 274"Condè's" changed to "Condé's" on Page 275Period added after "1653" on Page 281Period added after "1653" on Page 281Duplicate "the" removed on Page 284Comma changed to a period after "Mr" on Page 284"delighful" changed to "delightful" on Page 285"Pophams" changed to "Popham's" on Page 285"June" changed to "July" on Page 287"June" changed to "July" on Page 287Comma added after "music" on Page 287"MSS." changed to "MS." on Page 288"meantine" changed to "meantime" on Page 290Period added after "prospect" on Page 296Comma added after "December" on Page 302Comma changed to a period after "it" on Page 308"indiffierently" changed to "indifferently" on Page 314"January" changed to "February" on Page 314"January" changed to "February" on Page 315"deperate" changed to "desperate" on Page 317Period added after "1657" on Page 317Period added after "country" on Page 317"commisioners" changed to "commissioners" on Page 326Comma added after "November" on Page 328"1650" changed to "1660" on Page 336Period added after "Crisp" on Page 356Comma changed to a period after "modern" on Page 356Period added after "St" on Page 360Extra "the" removed on Page 362Comma changed to a period after "St" on Page 364Period added after "Sylva" on Page 365"October" changed to "November" on Page 366Period added after "Worcester" on Page 366Period added after "St" on Page 366Comma changed to a period after "1664" on Page 376"againt" changed to "against" on Page 378

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