1833. The spasmodic cholera appeared at Havana, and in about one month from that time had destroyed 7000 persons.
1834.Aloys Senefelder, inventor of lithography, died at Munich, aged 63.
1852.Thomas Moore, the celebrated Irish poet, died, aged 73.
1854. The gallery of the French opera house at New Orleans fell during the performance, carrying away the second tier, by which the occupants were precipitated into the parquette, killing 3, and badly wounding 56 persons.
1854. Three shocks of an earthquake at Manchester, Kentucky, by which the houses were violently shaken.
1855. Gen.Jackson'ssword presented to congress by the heirs of Gen. Armstrong.
1855.Henry Pierpont Edwards, an American judge, died at New York, aged 46.
1856. At the breaking up of the ice on the Mississippi at St. Louis, 23 steam boats were wrecked.
212.Geta, emperor of Rome, slain by his brother Caracalla, who was incited to the deed by jealousy.
1411. The charter of the university of St. Andrews, at Aberdeen in Scotland, granted.
1642.Tobias Crispdied; a controversial writer on divinity, and a great champion on antinomianism.
1697.John Berkley, baron of Stratton, died; a noted commander in the English fleet.
1706.John Evelyn, the English diarist, died. He is ranked among the greatest philosophers of England, who turned his pen readily to almost every topic. HisDiaryis a curious book, extending nearly from his childhood to his death, and contains much information not elsewhere to be found.
1735.John Arbuthnot, a Scottish physician, died. He was attached to the court of Queen Anne, was eminent in his profession, and distinguished as a wit in an age abounding with men of wit and learning.
1738.Henry Groove, an English divine, died. He belonged to the dissenters, and wrote several valuable theological treatises.
1746.Thomas Fauncedied at Plymouth, aged 99. He knew the rock on which the pilgrims landed, and learning that it was covered in the construction of a wharf, was so affected that he wept. His tears, perhaps, saved it from oblivion.
1776. Battle of Moor's creek bridge, in which the tories and Highlanders under McDonald, were defeated with the loss of their bravest officers. They fled leaving 350 guns, 1500 rifles, 13 wagons, and 150 swords in the hands of the victors, as well as their general. This defeat depressed the spirits of the royalists in North Carolina, and prevented their making any farther efforts.
1794. Of the crews of 13 American vessels captured by the Algerines, four were redeemed, leaving 126 still in the hands of their captors as slaves. Two of these vessels were captured in 1785, and the rest in 1793. A great effort was made throughout the land to raise money for their redemption by charitable contributions.
1797. Bank of England suspended specie payments. Twenty years after it resumed on one and two pound notes.
1806. Action between the British ship Hydra, and French brig La Furet, off Cadiz, in which the latter was captured.
1814. Battle of Orthes, in France, between the British under Wellington and the French.
1817. Two shocks of an earthquake felt at Kingston, Upper Canada.
1829. Battle of Tarqui between the Colombian army of 5000, and the Peruvian of 8000, in which the latter were defeated with considerable loss. Articles for the cessation of hostilities were signed on the field of battle, and mutual differences referred to the arbitration of the United States government.
1844.Nicholas Biddle, celebrated as thepresident of the United States bank for a number of years, died near Philadelphia, aged 58. He graduated at Princeton at the early age of 15, and was a man of great ability, of rarely equaled scholarship, and of the most polished and courtly manners. On the ruin of the bank he retired into private life, where however the creditors of the bank did not allow him undisturbed repose.
1853.Paul Frederick Augustus, reigning duke of Oldenburgh, died, aged 70.
509B. C.Battle of the Œsuvian fields, in which the Tarquins were vanquished and expelled from Rome, with the loss of more than 11,000 citizens on the side of the victors.
509B. C.Lucius Junius Brutus, the avenger of the rape of Lucretia, and founder of the Roman republic, fell at the battle of the Œsuvian fields. So great was the fury of the encounter between him and his adversary, that their shields were mutually pierced, and each fell dead from his horse transfixed by the lance of his enemy.
628.Chosroes II, king of Persia, died. He carried his arms into Judea, Libya and Egypt, and made himself master of Carthage. He forced the Roman emperor Heraclius, to sue for peace; but his country was soon after penetrated by the Romans, his palace pillaged and burnt, and himself dethroned and cast into prison by his own son, after witnessing the massacre of 18 other sons.
1408. Battle of Bramham Moor.
1447.Humphrey, duke of Gloucester, murdered. He was the rival of Cardinal Beaufort, as the head of affairs in England, and was the friend and patron of learning. The cardinal lived to enjoy his triumph but six weeks.
1582.George Buchanan, a Scottish poet and historian, died. He occupied the last twelve years of his life in writing a history of his country in Latin.
1594.William Fleetwood, an English lawyer, died. He was recorder of the city of London in the reign of Elizabeth, and the author of several law treatises.
1604.John Whitgift, archbishop of Canterbury, died. He was unwearied in his efforts to make the puritans conform to the national church.
1610. The house of commons complained of the king's profusion, especially in the immense sums lavished on Scotch favorites.
1642.Charles Iof England sent to the house of commons his reasons for refusing the militia bill; the house declared his advisers public enemies, and passed a vote of approval on the counties which had put themselves in a posture of defence.
1648.Christian IVof Denmark, died. He sustained the character of an able and wise sovereign.
1680.DecanandHennessinwere sent out from fort Crevecoeur on the Illinois, to trace the Mississippi to its source. They ascended the river to the 46th degree, where they were stopped by a fall, to which they gave the name of St. Anthony.
1703.John Baptist Thiers, died; a doctor of the Sorbonne, and professor of thebelles lettresat Paris.
1734. Battle in Syria between the Turks, 45,000, and the Persians under Kouli Khan. The Turks were marching to succor Babylon, but were defeated with the loss of 20,000 killed on the field or taken prisoners. The victory cost the Persians 10,000 men.
1735. Large statute ofGeorge IIset up in the royal hospital at Greenwich, Eng., at the expense of Sir John Jennings and sculptor Mr. Rysbrack.
1736. A proposal submitted to the house of commons in England, to levy a duty on distilled spirituous liquors, so as to prevent the ill consequence of the poorer classes drinking them to excess. It was stated that some signs where they were sold had the following inscription: "Drunk for a penny; dead drunk for two pence; clean straw for nothing!"
1757.Edward Mooredied; an English fabulist and dramatic writer of considerable note.
1758. Action between the French fleet under Du Quesne and the British, under Saunders, near Carthagena. The British captured the Foudroyant, 80 guns, and Orphee, 64 guns; the Oriflamme, 50 guns, was driven on shore under the castle of Aiglos, coast of Spain.
1759. The pope permitted the Bible to be translated into all the languages of the Catholic states.
1760. Action between the French fleet under Thourot and the British, Capt. Elliot. Three French frigates were captured and Thourot killed. So great a terror had he created in the seaports of Great Britain, that his defeat was celebrated with the greatest rejoicings.
1771.Richard Grey, a learned English divine, died. He was a polemical and miscellaneous writer.
1781.William Stocktondied; a signer of the Declaration of Independence from New Jersey.
1783.John Baptist d'Espagnac, a French general, died. He signalized himself in the campaign of Italy.
1795. Five hundred emigrant sleighs passed through the city of Albany betweensunrise and sunset, on their way to the Genesee country. It was estimated that as many as 1,200 sleighs, freighted with men, women, children and furniture, had passed up State street in the space of three days, destined for the Genesee valley, thefar westof the emigrants of that day.
1799.Bonapartereached the city of Gaza in Palestine.
1799. Action between the British frigate Sybille, and French ship La Forte, 50 guns. The later was captured in 1 hour 40 minutes. The British lost two of their highest officers.
1804.Pichegru, the conquerer of Holland, arrested at Paris by order of Bonaparte.
1815. Action between the United States frigate Constitution, 44 guns, Capt. Stewart, and British frigate Cyane and sloop Levant, 54 guns, Capt. Falcon; British loss, 40 killed, 80 wounded; Constitution lost 4 killed, 11 wounded. The Cyane and Levant were captured.
1823.William W. Van Ness, an eminent judge of the N. Y. supreme court, died.
1834.Modeste Malhiot, the Canadian giant, died. His height was 6 feet 4 inches, and his weight 619½ pounds.
1837.Adam Binkley, died in Davidson co., Pennsylvania, aged 138. He was an officer of the revolution and served throughout the war, at which time he had a wife and 11 children.
1843. A remarkable comet first observed in the northern states, which caused considerable controversy whether it was a comet or the zodiacal light. It was first seen at noon, and was distinctly observed with the naked eye from 7 to 9 o'clock in the evening during the month of March. Its train extended about 70° to 100°.
1851. The Spanish government of Manilla, totally destroyed the forts of the pirate Sultan of Sooloo.
1853. Doncaster church, England, built in 1070, destroyed by fire.
1854. Earthquake at Lexington, Ky., and surrounding country, attended by a loud roaring noise.
1854. American steamer Black Warrior, seized by the Cuban authorities at Havana.
1855. An earthquake at Broussa killed or wounded about 800 people, and was succeeded by a fire which destroyed nearly one-third of the houses.
1631. The president and counsel for New England, made a grant to Robert Aldworth and Giles Elbridge of a hundred acres of land for every person whom they should transport to the province of Maine within seven years, who should continue there three years; and an absolute grant of 12,000 acres as their proper inheritance for ever, to be laid out near the river commonly called Pemaquid.
1704. Deerfield, in Massachusetts, burnt. Hertel de Rouville with 200 French and 140 Indians, after a tedious march through deep snow from Canada, made an attack upon this place, which was the northern frontier on Connecticut river. A watch had patrolled the streets until about two hours before day, when he incautiously fell asleep, and the snow was of such depth as to admit of an entrance over the pickets of the fort. The whole settlement was burnt with the exception of one house, which was standing until quite recently; 47 were slain, 112 carried into captivity, including among the latter, the Rev. John Williams and his family. Of the captives, 17 died or were killed on the march; 57 were redeemed, among whom were the minister and his family (his wife was killed soon after the capture), except one daughter who could not be persuaded to return; but adopted the manners and customs of the Indians, became a catholic, and married a savage. The bell taken from the church, it is said, still hangs in an Indian church at St. Regis.
1744.John Theophilus Desaguliersdied. He was the son of a French protestant clergyman, who resided in England. Having been educated for the ministry, he settled in London; there he acquired a turn for natural philosophy, and was the first person who lectured on experimental philosophy in the metropolis. He was a man of rare ability, and his income enabled him to keep an equipage. His coachman, Erasmus King, from the force of example, became a kind of rival to the doctor; for he also undertook to read lectures, and exhibit experiments in natural philosophy. The terms of admission to thelyceumof the latter philosopher were in proportion to the humble station he had filled.
1793. The French convention passed a decree of accusation against Marat, and by so doing tore off the cloak of inviolability which covered its members, and constituted itself its own jury of accusation.
1808. Denmark declared war against Sweden.
1810. Battle of Vique, in Spain, in which the Spanish General O'Donnel attacked the French under Souham. The impetuosity of the charge made by the Spanish troops lost them the battle.
1844. Fatal explosion of the great gun, Peacemaker, on board the American war steamer, Princeton, by which several government officers lost their lives, and many persons were seriously injured.
509.B. C.Valerius Publicolapronounced a funeral oration over the body of Junius Brutus, which was the first institution of that generous tribute to the memory of the virtuous dead.
1554. In the household expenses of Queen Mary 15 shillings are given to a yeoman for bringing her majesty a leek on this day.
1562. The catholics under the duke of Guise fell upon a body of Calvinists at Bassi in France, who were singing the psalms of Marot in a barn. The latter were insulted, and induced to come to blows: when nearly 60 of these unhappy people were killed and 200 wounded. This unexpected event lightened the flame of civil war throughout the kingdom.
1564. Printing introduced again into Moscow. Some 12 years previous it had been used there, but the burning of the city by the Poles suspended it.
1625.John Robinsondied; minister of the first English church in Holland, to which the first settlers of New England belonged. He fled to Holland with his congregation to avoid persecution, and at the time of his death was preparing to follow with the remainder of the brethren to America. He was distinguished for his learning, liberality and piety.
1645. Battle of Pontefract, in which Sir Marmaduke Langdale defeated the lord Fairfax.
1663.Adam Adami, a French ecclesiastic, statesman and historian, died.
1682.Thomas Herbert, an English author ofTravels in Asia and Africa, died. He was engaged in the civil wars between the parliament and the royalists, and on the restoration was created a baronet.
1689. The odious hearth stone tax ordered to be taken off by William, prince of Orange.
1711. TheSpectator, a daily critical, satirical and literary paper made its appearance in London, under the conduct of Addison and Steele principally, with the assistance of some of the master spirits of the day, and had a reputation which has never been equaled by any other periodical of the kind.
1733. That mysterious person, theoldestinhabitant, witnessed a great flood in the north of England, wholly unprecedented in his life time.
1766.Zabdiel Boylston, an American physician, died. He was the first to introduce inoculation for small-pox into New England. This mode of treating a virulent disease brought upon him the ridicule of his medical brethren; but he outlived these prejudices and realized a handsome fortune by his profession.
1774. PrinceA. D. Kantemir, died; a Turk by birth, but subsequently a distinguished oriental scholar.
1781. Maryland ratified the articles of the confederation of the United States being the last state to do so.
1786. The first No. of theObserverappeared, conducted by Cumberland, the dramatist.
1791. The annual masquerade held at Rutland square rooms, Dublin, was the cause of a great riot and the death of many of the police.
1792.Leopold IIof Germany, and I of Tuscany, died. He made the latter the happiest and best governed state of Italy. In 1790 he succeeded to the imperial crown, and was noted for the wisdom of his measures, his affability, strict justice and kindness to the poor.
1793. Battle of Aldenhoven, between the French under Dumourier, and 40,000 Austrians under Gen. Coburg. The French were defeated with the loss of 6,000 killed and 4,000 prisoners.
1799. Essex county, N. Y., erected.
1811. Massacre of the Mamelukes in Egypt by order of the pasha.
1814. Treaty of Chaumont, between Austria, Russia, Prussia and Great Britain, against Napoleon.
1815.Bonapartelanded at Frejus in France from Elba, and resumed the imperial crown.
1816. Ontario co., N. Y., erected.
1838. The Patriots of Canada, about 600 in number, under Nelson and Cote, surrendered to Gen. Wool of the UnitedStates army, near Alburg Springs, Vt., and the frontier became tranquilized.
1845. Texas admitted into the Union as an independent State.
1854. The steam ship city of Glasgow left Liverpool for Philadelphia with more than 300 passengers, and was never more seen.
1855.Thomas Day, an eminent Connecticut jurist died, aged 78. He published 26 volumes of law reports, and his entire works number about 40 volumes.
1856. The colossal bronze statue of Beethoven, the gift of Charles C. Perkins, inaugurated at the music hall, Boston.
986.Lothaire, king of France, died of poison, said to have been administered by his wife Emma.
1492. The Jews banished from Spain by an edict of Ferdinand V. They numbered 800,000 souls.
1585. Dr.Parryexecuted for a design to assassinate Queen Elizabeth. She had formerly released him from imprisonment, on a charge of justifying Romanism.
1611.Bartholomew Leggat, convicted of the Arian heresy and delivered over to the secular power.
1617.Robert Abbott, bishop of Salisbury, died, aged 58. He was active and pains-taking in his office; a profound scholar, and an industrious author.
1619.Queen Anne, consort of James I, died at Hampton Court.
1622.John Marion Avantio, a learned Italian civilian, died at Padua.
1629. The speaker of the house of commons, in England, refusing for fear of the king's displeasure to put the question of reading the remonstrance against the king's usurpations, is held in his chair, the doors of the house shut, and the remonstrance read.
1711.Despreaux Nicholas Boileau, the French poet, died. He was born 1636, and in early youth gave indications of the future bent of his genius, by his fondness for the great poets of antiquity. His works are frequently republished in France, though some of his satires are little to the taste of the present day. Bruyere has said of him, that his verses will be read when the language is obsolete, and will be the last ruins of it!
1713. The first No. of theGuardianappeared, conducted by Steele during the temporary suspension of theSpectator.
1714. Peace proclaimed with Spain, and a special privilege granted to the English of supplying the West Indies with negro slaves at the rate of 4800 a year.
1714. Gibraltar and Minorca also ceded to the English.
1715.Emanuel Theodosius Boullion, a cardinal and ambassador of Louis XIV of France, died.
1729.Francesco Bianchini, an Italian antiquary and astronomer, died. He devoted his life to intense study, and in his character extensive learning was united with great modesty and amiability of manners. He was patronized by the pope, and received marks of respect from the Roman senate.
1738.JohnsonandGarrickstarted from Litchfield for London as literary adventurers. The former had two pence half penny in his pocket, and the latter something less.
1767.James Drake, an English political and medical writer, died. He is chiefly known now by hisSystem of Anatomy.
1768. The extensive copper mine in the isle of Anglesey was discovered.
1776. The Americans cannonaded Boston from Cobble hill and Lechmere point.
1786.John Jebb, an eminent English non-conformist divine and physician, died. His publications, theological, medical and political, gained great approbation.
1788.Solomon Gesner, a Swiss bookseller, poet and painter, died at Zurich. Of his writings the best known, in English, is theDeath of Abel.
1791.John Wesley, founder of the methodists, died, aged 88. He was born at Epworth, England, and at the time of finishing his studies, was distinguished for his classical attainments, skill in dialectics, and talent for poetry. The origin of the sect called methodists is to be attributed to the circumstance of a club of kindred spirits, who used to meet on week days and read classics, and on Sundays divinity, but shortly their meetings became exclusively religious. This society consisted of fifteen members, who from the strictness of their manners and deportment, obtained the name ofMethodists, an appellation which they sanctioned and retained. He visited America, and afterwards Germany, and on his return commenced the systematic labors by which he became the founder of a numerous religious sect. He joined with Whitfield in field preaching, but their opinions being at collision on some point, they finally separated. He continued his active labors till within a week of his death. His works on various subjects amount to upwards of thirty volumes octavo.
1793. Breda, a city of Holland, noted for its numerous sieges, was taken by the French.
1793. Congress passed a law making appropriations for purchasing two lots ofground with buildings, and other materials and necessaries for a mint, $1,279·78; and for the salaries of its officers from July to Dec. 1792, $2,694·88.
1794. Great scarcity of provisions in Paris.
1797. Battle of Monte di Savaro, between the French and Austrians, in which the former under Joubert attacked and carried the posts of the latter.
1797.Horace Walpole, an English author, and son of Robert Walpole the statesman, died.
1799. Corfu, one of the Ionian islands, taken by the Turco Russian squadron.
1799. Manheim, a strong German city, taken by the French.
1801.Charles Albert Demoustier, a French poet, died. He was first a successful lawyer, but subsequently turned his attention to literature, and wrote comedies, operas and poems. His pieces are distinguished for spirit, delicacy and ease, and some of them have maintained a place upon the stage.
1802.Francis Russel, duke of Bedford, died, aged 37. He distinguished himself by his endeavors to improve every branch of agriculture, and was a worthy man.
1830. Great freshet at Vienna, in Austria; the Danube rose twenty-three feet, and the houses of 50,000 inhabitants were inundated.
1835.Francis Iof Austria (II of Germany), died. His disposition was mild; his dress plain and homely; his manners gentle and familiar; and he was greatly beloved by his German subjects.
1835.Samuel Blackburndied; an officer of the revolution, an eminent lawyer and for many years a conspicuous member of the Virginia legislature. At his death he liberated his slaves, 46 in number, charging his estate with the expense of transporting them to Liberia.
1839.Zerah Colburndied at Norwich, Vt., aged 35. At the age of 6 years he attracted great attention in Europe and America by his marvelous powers of calculation. At that time he was unable to read or write, and ignorant of the name or properties of a single figure traced upon paper. Yet his talent for mental arithmetic was so extraordinary as to be wholly incredible, were it not supported by unquestionable evidence. This faculty he lost before he left England, which was in 1824; and on his return he became a methodist preacher, having acquired a respectable education while abroad.
1840.Henry William Matthew Albers, a celebrated astronomer, and practicing physician at Bremen, died, aged 81. He acquired a lasting reputation by the discovery of the planet Pallas, in 1802, and of Vesta, in 1807.
1841. First daily paper in Brooklyn published.
1843.Asa Packard, aged 84, died at Lancaster, Mass. He was a soldier of the revolution, and for nearly 70 years carried a musket bullet in his body.
1845.Judah Alden, a distinguished officer of the American revolutionary army, died at Duxbury, Mass.
1849.James Morier, the celebrated author ofHajji Baba, and other works, died.
1852. The town of St. Bartholomew, one of the Antilles, nearly destroyed by fire; 120 houses and stores having been burned in the space of four hours.
1852.Marmont, duke of Ragusa, died at Venice, aged 78. He was the last of Napoleon's marshals.
1855.Nicholas I, emperor of Russia, died, aged 59. He came to the throne in 1826, and his reign was devoted to strengthening the power and extending the domain of Russia.
1856. An earthquake in the island of Great Sangor, one of the Moluccas, by which 2,806 lives were lost.
1589.John Sturmius, a learned German grammarian and rhetorician, died. He was called the Cicero of Germany.
1633.George Herbert, an English divine and poet, died. Lord Bacon had so high an opinion of his judgment that he would not suffer his works to be published until they had been submitted to Herbert's examination.
1634. First colony arrived at Potomac for the settlement of Maryland, under Lord Baltimore. It consisted of 200 Catholics from England. The soil was purchased of the natives, and the foundation of the province was laid on the broad basis of security to property and of freedom in religion.
1703.Robert Hooke, an English mathematician and philosopher, died. He is noted for many useful inventions and improvements in mechanics; and his writings are numerous and valuable.
1722.Campegio Vitringadied; a learned author of Friesland, in the Netherlands.
1728.Camillo d'Hostun, count de Tallart, died. He was a brave general of the French, taken prisoner by the duke of Marlborough.
1760. Unsuccessful attack on the fort at Ninety-Six, by 200 Cherokee Indians.
1776. The Americana under Col. Bull burnt the British ship Inverness and sixother vessels, near Savannah, laden for England.
1779. Battle of Briar Creek, when the Americans were surprised by the British under Provost, and lost 150 killed and 162 prisoners.
1780.Joseph Highmore, an eminent English painter, died. He was also a writer of considerable merit.
1791. The church plate in France was sent to the mint for coinage.
1792.Robert Adam, a Scotch architect, died. In connection with his brother, he built some of the first mansions in London; but the work for which they are chiefly celebrated, is the elegant range called theAdelphi, a Greek word denoting the relationship of brothers.
1796. Civic festival at the Hague on occasion of the installation of the Batavian national assembly.
1799. The advance guards of the French army arrived before Jaffa (the ancient Joppa) in Syria, and invested the city.
1802. County of St. Lawrence, in New York, erected.
1808.Johann Christ Fabriciusdied, one of the most celebrated entomologists of the eighteenth century. He was born 1742 at Sleswic in Denmark; studied medicine; but was afterwards induced to make an especial study of entomology, a science at that time in its infancy. He adopted a new arrangement of the insect tribe by choosing for his divisions the modifications observable in the parts of the mouth.
1808. The French West India island Marigalante taken by the British. It was colonized by the French, 1647; twice taken by the Dutch, and twice before by the British, and restored to the French, 1763.
1810. The great Elm tree at Kensington, Philadelphia, under which William Penn held his first treaty with the Indians in 1682, was blown down.
1815. War declared between the United States and Algiers.
1817.Lescuredied at Beaulieu in France, aged 118. He enjoyed, at the time of his death, the vigorous use of his intellect.
1843. Com.Porter, a gallant American naval officer, died at Constantinople, where he was minister from the United States to the Sublime Porte.
1845. Florida admitted into the Union as an independent state.
1846.Henry Purkitt, one of those who assisted in the destruction of the tea in Boston harbor, died, aged 91.
1855.Robert Millsdied, a civil engineer and architect, under whom the Washington Post office, Treasury building and Patent office were erected.
1193.Saladinthe Great died at Damascus.
1530.Charles Vgranted to the knights of St. John, who had recently been expelled from the island of Rhodes by the Turks, the ownership of all the castles, fortresses, and isles of Tripoli, Malta and Gozo. Malta at the time was a shelterless rock, and the inhabitants, 12,000 in number, in a wretched condition.
1583.Bernard Gilpin, an eminent English prelate, died. He came near falling a victim to the fury of Bonner, and was only saved from the stake by the death of the queen. His life was spent in well doing.
1629. Massachusetts patent confirmed byCharles I, by the name of "the governor and company of Massachusetts bay in New England," Matthew Cradock first governor.
1674. The governing charter of Dundalk, in the county of South Ireland, bears this date. This town was the Dundalgan of the IrishOssianicpoems, and is of great antiquity.
1681. The charter of Pennsylvania signed and sealed by Charles II, constituting William Penn and his heirs true and absolute proprietaries of the province, saving to the crown their allegiance and the sovereignty.
1744.John Anstisdied; an English antiquary, and a very eminent writer on heraldic subjects.
1765.William Stukeley, an English antiquary, died. He wrote ably as a divine, physician, historian and antiquary; was profound in British antiquities; a good botanist; erudite in ancient coins; drew well, and understood mechanics. The footsteps of the Romans were traced by him, and the temples of the ancient Britons explored. His antiquarian researches acquired him the name of Arch Druid.
1776. The Americans took possession of Dorchester heights, which were so far completed by day light as to excite the astonishment of the British, and render their position in Boston extremely hazardous.
1776. New Providence taken from the British by the American Commodore Ezekiel Hopkins. The governor, together with considerable military stores, fell into the hands of the victors.
1778. American frigate Alfred, 20 guns, taken by the British ships Ariadne and Ceres.
1782. The house of commons resolved that it would "consider as enemies to his majesty and the country, all those who should advise or attempt the further prosecution of offensive war on the American continent."
1789. The first congress of the United States assembled at New York.
1791. Vermont admitted into the Union. (SeeFeb. 18.)
1794.Henry de la Rochejaquelin, the hero of La Vendee, killed. The peasants of the neighborhood having risen in the royal cause, he placed himself at their head, with this laconic harangue, "Allons chercher l'ennemi; si je recule, tuez moi; si j'avance, suivez moi; si je meurs, vengez moi." After gaining sixteen victories, he fell in single combat with a republican soldier.
1797. One pound or 20 shilling notes first issued by the bank of England. They were designed to take the place of the specie drained from the vaults to pay the foreign contracts.
1806. Action between the British fleet, Com. Popham, and the French frigate La Voluntaire, 46 guns. The latter was captured with 360 men and 217 British prisoners.
1811. First report of canal commissioners in New York.
1811. The French under Massena retreated before Lord Wellington upon Santarem, in Portugal, leaving their killed and wounded behind.
1812. The charter of the first bank of the United States expired by its own limitation.
1814. Battle of Longwood, about 100 miles from Detroit, in which the United States troops defeated a superior British force. British loss 80; American loss 8.
1814. Battle of Troyes, between the French under Oudinot and the Allies under Schwarzenberg, in which the former were defeated, with the loss of 10 cannon and 3,000 prisoners.
1815. United States letter of marque brig Aspasia, 3 guns and 25 men, captured by the British ship Voluntaire.
1815.Frances Abington, a celebrated English actress, died. She was the original Lady Teazle.
1832.John Francis Champollion, the French archæologist, died at Paris, aged 42. Having devoted much attention to the study of Egyptian antiquities, he was, in 1826, appointed to superintend that department in the royal museum at Paris, and in 1828, went with an expedition of learned men to Egypt, at the expense of the king, Charles X. The results of this journey were regarded of so great importance in relation to the hieroglyphics, that his manuscripts on that subject were purchased by the French government at about $9,300.
1838. Carlists under Cabanero, entered Saragossa, but were driven out by the national guards with the loss of 120 killed and 700 prisoners.
1847. A telescopic comet was discovered at the Cambridge university at 7 P. M. by G. P. Pond, assistant observer, being the fourth first discovered in this country by this young gentleman.
1856. The free state legislature of Kansas assembled at Topeka.
13.B. C.Marcus Emilius Lepidus, one of the Roman triumvirs, with Augustus and Anthony, died at Cerceii.
493.Odoacer, chief of the Heruli, murdered. It was reserved for him, at the head of a tribe of barbarians almost unknown, to strike the decisive blow that overthrew the great mistress of the world—imperial Rome.
1223.Alonzo IIof Portugal died. His career was begun by an attempt to deprive his sisters of their estates, and ended by robbing the church. The pope, however, interfered, and compelled him to promise to be civil to the ecclesiastics; but death overtook him before he had time to fulfill his engagements by making restitution.
1495.Henry VIIIgranted a patent to John Cabot and his three sons Lewis, Sebastian and Sanchius, empowering them to sail under the flag of England in quest of countries yet unoccupied by any Christian state, to take possession of them in the name of Henry, and plant the English banner on the walls of their castles and cities, and to maintain with the inhabitants a traffic exclusive of all competitors, and exempted from customs; under the condition of paying a fifth part of the free profit on every voyage to the crown. They embarked two years after.
1534.Antoni Allegri, an illustrious Italian painter, died. He lived at Parma, where without any instruction he executed some of the most perfect pictures in the world. He is better known as Corregio, from his birth place.
1546.Isabella Losadied; a native of Cordova in Spain, so illustrious for her acquirements that she was honored with the degree ofD. D.
1605.Clement VIII(Hippolitus Aldobrandi), pope of Rome, died. He was a liberal minded and benevolent pontiff.
1660.Monk'sparliament ordered the printing and setting up in churches the solemn league and covenant.
1686.James IIforbade the bishops to preach on controverted points.
1695.Henry Whartondied; an English divine and historian of uncommon abilities.
1701.Robert, earl of Bellamont, governor of the province of New York, died, two years after his installment into that office.
1708.William Beveridge, an English divine, and bishop of St. Asaph, died, leaving many learned and valuable works.
1710.John Holtdied. He had been for more than 20 years lord chief justice of the king's bench court in England.
1737. The servants called footmen occasioned a riot at Drury lane theatre, London, alleging that they had been shut out of the gallery, to which they were entitled.
1744. At Huddersfield, Yorkshire, a Roman temple was discovered and an altar inscribed to Antonius Modestus of the sixth conquering legion.
1770. Boston massacre. This occurrence, which is variously stated, is supposed to have arisen as follows: a crowd surrounded a corporal's guard in the evening, and commenced pelting them with snow balls, which exasperated his majesty's legions to such a pitch of valor, that they turned their muskets upon the citizens. The leaden balls of the soldiers were more than a match for those of the people, and five men fell mortally wounded. Their names were Mattucks, Gray, Caldwell, Maverick, and Carr.
1773.Philip Francisdied at Bath, England; distinguished as a translator of Horace and Demosthenes.
1775.Peter Laurence Buyrette du Belloidied; a French comedian and tragedian, who by his own pieces became extremely popular in his day.
1775. The citizens of New York held a town meeting, in which it is said the question of congress or no congress was carried in the affirmative by the aid of hoop poles obtained from a neighboring cooper's yard.
1778.Thomas Augustus Arnedied; an English musician and opera writer. He received the degree of doctor of music.
1785.Joseph Reeddied at Philadelphia, aged 43. He was one of Washington's aids in the revolutionary war, and subsequently an adjutant-general, member of congress, and governor of Pennsylvania.
1794. County of Onondaga, in New York, erected.
1798. An Algerine barque arrived at Baltimore, 85 days out, manned by Algerines; being the first that ever entered an American port.
1811. Battle of Barrosa in Portugal, between the French under Victor, and the English, Spanish and Portuguese allied army, under Graham. The French were defeated with the loss of 3,000; allied loss 2,742.
1827.Pierre Simon Laplace, the French mathematician, died. His principal work, which will render him an object of admiration to posterity, theMechanique Celeste, has been translated by our countryman Nathaniel Bowditch, in a manner creditable alike to the author, to himself and the literature of his country.
1827.Alessandro Voltadied. He was born at Como, Italy; devoted his attention to experiments in electricity, and made many important discoveries.
1829. Battle near the river Natonebi, in Asiatic Turkey, between the Turks and Russians, in which the former lost 1,000 and the latter 200 men.
1837.Oliver Elliotdied at Mason, N. H., aged 103. He was a soldier of the French war of 1756, and of the revolutionary war.
1846.John Pickering, president of the American Oriental society, &c., &c., died at Boston.
1849. The emperor of Austria, after a series of decrees, promulgated a new constitution.
1853.Gervinustried at Manheim for high treason, published in a work on the history of the nineteenth century, was found guilty of exciting to sedition, and sentenced to ten months imprisonment, and his book ordered to be destroyed.
1856. Covent garden theatre, London, burnt at the close of a masked hall.
13B. C.Augustus Cæsarassumed the office of high priest, in which capacity he destroyed 2,000 books of prophecy, for want of authority!
1393.John Hawkwood, an Englishman, died at Florence. He was bred a tailor, but signalized himself so greatly in the wars in Italy, that he was promoted to the highest posts; and after his death the Florentines erected a block marble statue as an acknowledgment for the services he had done them.
1521.Magellan, in the service of the king of Spain, on his voyage round the world, discovered the Ladrone, or Marian islands, and may be considered as the first discoverer of that portion of the world called Australia. This opened the way for the subsequent discoveries made in that quarter.
1557. LordStourtonhung at Salisbury in a halter of silk, to mark his dignity. His crime was the murder of two persons whom he had decoyed to his house.
1577.Remi Belleau, one of the seven poets called the Pleiades of France, died. He excelled as a pastoral writer.
1615. The yacht Halve Maan, 80 tons burden, in which Hudson entered the river which bears his name, was wrecked and destroyed on the island of Mauritius.
1716. Aurora Borealis first seen inEngland, and was gazed upon with every degree of alarm till nearly three o'clock in the morning.
1754.Pelham, premier of England, died suddenly in the meridian of life. He was much opposed to the German alliances of the kingdom, but had not influence enough in the face of a hostile court to break them up.
1762. The ghost that had for so long a time alarmed the people of Cocklane, London, was detected.
1767.James Malfillastre, a French poet, died.
1781. Battle of Whitsell's mill, an important pass of Reedy fort creek, in which the British were worsted.
1784.Francis Xavier Hall, a Jesuit, professor ofbelles lettresand ecclesiastical law in several German universities, died.
1796.William Francis Raynaldied. He was a French Jesuit, who distinguished himself as a historian of the European settlements in both Indias, and as a political writer.
1799. The French under Bonaparte took Jaffa by assault. The garrison consisted of 1,200 Turkish artillery and 2,500 Magrubins or Arnauts who were put to the sword.
1812.James Madison, an eminent American prelate, died, aged 63. His great attainments placed him in the presidential chair of William and Mary college at the early age of 28, and the reputation of the institution advanced under his charge.
1815.Lewis XVIIIdeclared Napoleon Bonaparte a traitor and a rebel, for having entered by main force the department of the Var.
1815. A great riot around the British parliament house, on account of the corn bill. A great many lives lost.
1817. Insurrection at Pernambuco, Brazils, headed by Domingos Jose Martins. The insurgents took possession of the town, and the governor fled to Rio de Janeiro.
1822. Owing to a strong south-west wind the tide in the Thames near London bridge was so low, that several persons forded the river and picked up many valuable articles that had laid for years on the bottom of the river.
1825.Samuel Parr, an eminent English divine and critic, died. He was possessed of a prodigious memory, and in curious and elegant classical knowledge he seems to have been at the head of the English scholars of his day.
1838.Vilette Easton, a colored woman, died at Providence, Rhode Island, at the age of 110.
1854. The block of marble sent by the pope as a contribution to Washington's monument, was destroyed by unknown persons at night.
161.Antoninus Pius, emperor of Rome, died at Lorium, aged 23.
1274.Thomas Aquinasdied. He was descended from the counts of Aquino, in Italy. There was a great contest for him between his family and the monks when he was a youth; but he eluded the vigilance of his keepers, became a theologian, and was called the evangelical doctor. His works have been often reprinted in 17 vols, folio.
1575. The general assembly of Scotland enacted that no comedies, nor tragedies, or such plays, shall be made on any history of canonical scriptures, nor on the Sabbath day.
1589.Walther Raleigh, having expended £40,000 in attempting the colonization of Virginia, without realizing the expected gain, made an assignment of his patent to Thomas Smith and others, with a donation of £100 for the benefit of the colony.
1661. Goffe and Whalley, the regicides, arrived at New Haven, where by the connivance of the deputy governor and clergyman, they effectually eluded discovery during the remainder of their lives.
1755.Thomas Wilsondied; bishop of Sodor and Man, an excellent prelate and an eminent writer on theology.
1769.Samuel Derrickdied; originally a linen draper in Dublin; subsequently a writer of pamphlets in London, and finally master of ceremonies at Bath and Tunbridge.
1771.Thomas Martin, an English antiquarian, died. He wrote a history of his own native town, and made a valuable collection of antiquities, &c.
1777.James Aitken, alias John the painter, was hanged on a gallows 60 feet in height for setting fire to the rope yard at Portsmouth. He confessed his having set fire to the vessels at Bristol quay and that he was stimulated to these acts by Silas Dean of the American congress.
1778. American frigate Randolph, Capt. Nicholas Biddle, 36 guns and 305 men, blown up about 9 at night, in an action of fifteen minutes with the British ship Yarmouth, 64 guns. Capt. Biddle perished, at the age of 27; only 4 of the crew were saved.
1781. A British soldier jumped over the pallisades at Gibraltar, and notwithstanding 1143 musket balls were fired at him, succeeded in reaching the Spanish lines, waving his hat.
1788. Clinton county, in New York, erected.
1794. Revolution at Warsaw. The Russians with Gen. Inglestrom and theirambassador, driven out of the city by the Poles.
1794. The mulatto Gen. Bellegarde and his second, Pelocque, with 300 followers, surrendered to the British at St. Domingo. The chiefs were sent to the United States.
1795. The British squadron, Sir Edward Pellew, captured near the Penmarks, 8 French vessels, burnt 2 ships, 3 brigs and 2 sloops.
1801. The British expedition under Lord Keith, consisting of nearly 200 sail and an army of 15,330 men, arrived in Aboukir bay, Egypt.
1803,Francis Edgerton, duke of Bridgewater, died. He was the projector of the Medway canal in England.
1804. British and Foreign Bible society founded in London. A clergyman of Wales, whom the want of a Welsh Bible led to London, occasioned its establishment.
1808. The Portuguese royal family arrived in Brazil, fleeing before the arms of Napoleon to the colonies.
1809. Schenectady county, New York, taken from Albany.
1810.Cuthbert Collingwood, the English admiral, died in his ship off Minorca. He entered the British navy at an early age, and by his talents rose to the highest rank. His most distinguished service was the part he bore at the battle of Trafalgar. On the fall of Nelson in that conflict, the command devolved on him. The victory on that occasion was attributable to the nautical skill, prudence and courage of Collingwood; and his ship was the first to break through the French line.
1814. Battle of Craonne in France, in which the French under Victor and Ney defeated the allies, took 6 generals and about 6,000 prisoners.
1828.Richard Stockton, a son of the signer of the Declaration of American Independence of that name, died at Princeton, New Jersey. He was one of the foremost supporters of Washington's administration.
1844. Florida admitted into the Union.(Query 3d.)
1096.Walterthe Pennyless departed from France with the van of the Crusaders.
1639.Dudley Digges, master of the rolls under Charles I, died. He was noted for his patriotism, and was the author of several literary performances.
1663. The great frost at Paris, which had endured three months, broke up on this day.
1702.William IIIof England, died. He was celebrated as a politician, and formidable as a general. (16th?)
1721. PopeClement XIdied, aged 72. He reigned over twenty years.
1748. The British squadron, Admiral Knowles, attacked and carried Port Louis, in St. Domingo, which he also destroyed. The French lost about 130 killed; British loss 20 killed and 50 wounded.
1750. An earthquake at London which shook the whole city. It occurred at half past five in the morning, awoke people from their sleep, threw some persons out of bed and rung the bells.
1757.Thomas Blackwell, an eminent Scottish writer, died. His modesty was such that he published his works anonymously.
1766. The bill repealing the American stamp act received the royal assent, and was passed.
1766.William Chambers, the architect, died. He was born in Sweden, but was brought over to England at two years of age. As an architect, the building of Somerset house will place his name with the best of the British schools. He was the author of several works, principally on architecture.
1775. An inhabitant of the town of Billerica, Mass., tarred and feathered by the British troops. The British were the first to introduce this practice, which, afterwards became a popular mode of punishing tories.
1793. The French national convention abolished imprisonment for debt, and decreed that all actually confined for debt in the republic should be set at liberty. From this law however were excepted all defaulters in public money.
1793. The city of Liege in Belgium, taken by the Austrians.
1796. A viscid and resinous substance fell near Bautzen, in Upper Lusatia, composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Several distinguished men of science examined specimens of it. It had the smell of the yellowish and very much dried gum of the juniper.
1796. Banda, an East India island, taken by the British under Admiral Rainer. A large quantity of spices and considerable money fell into the hands of the victors.
1799. Cayuga county, New York, erected.
1799.Massenatook by assault the fortress of Luciensteig, cut out of the rock in the channel of the Rhine. This opened a passage through the Rhætian Alps.
1801. The British effected a landing in Egypt, at Aboukir bay, with the loss of 700 men. The French under Menou opposed their landing with great bravery.
1803.Francis Egerton, duke of Bridgewater, died. He is styled the father of canal navigation in England. He planned the Worsley canal, near Manchester, whichhe completed with the assistance of Brindley. He died immensely rich.
1804. Goeree, an island of the Netherlands, which had fallen into the hands of the French a few weeks previous, was retaken by the British on this day.
1807.Sawrey Gilpin, an English painter, died. He excelled particularly in delineating animals. His masterpiece is a group of tigers.
1808. Third day's action between the British frigate St. Fiorenza and the French frigate Piedmontaise, 50 guns, off cape Comorin. The action lasted one hour and twenty minutes, when the French struck, having 48 killed and wounded. The British lost 17 killed besides their commander, Capt. Hardinge.
1814. LordWellingtondefeated the French and entered Bordeaux.
1814. Unsuccessful attack by the British under Gen. Skerret upon Bergen-op-Zoom. Of 4,500 British it is supposed that not more than 1,500 escaped.
1815. Action between the British ship Tiber, Capt. Dacres, and the American privateer Leo, 7 guns, 93 men, Capt. Hemes, which resulted in the capture of the latter.
1819.Regnault de St. Jean d'Angely, a French statesman under Bonaparte, died at his ancient seat, on the day following his return from exile, of gout in the stomach.
1844.Charles John Bernadotte, king of Sweden, died, aged 81. He rose from the humble rank of a sergeant in the army, to the highest rank under Bonaparte; and in 1810 founded a new dynasty in Sweden. Having fortunately joined the allied powers in 1812 against Napoleon, he survived the overthrow of the other newly erected dynasties, and transmitted the crown to his son, Oscar I.
1403.Bajazet I, sultan of Turkey, died. He was celebrated as a warrior, but his disposition was cruel and tyrannical. Being conquered by Tamerlane, and exposed by him in an iron cage, he dashed his head against the bars of his prison, and killed himself.
1405. Battle of Grosmont, in which Henry IV defeated the Welch under Griffith Glendowr.
1566.David Ricci(or Rizzio), an Italian musician, residing at the court of Mary, queen of Scots, assassinated in her presence. His skillful performance of the national melodies of Scotland, tended not a little to their general improvement with the higher classes.
1609.William Warner, an English poet, died; author ofAlbion's England.
1615.Francis Beaumont, an English dramatist buried. He was jointly concerned with Fletcher in the production of several excellent plays, and assisted Jonson in some of his. He died under 30 years of age.
1649. The duke of Hamilton, earl of Holland, and Lord Capel beheaded with others who were suspected of royalism. Bad faith is attributed to their judges.
1661.Julius Mazarindied; cardinal and prime minister of France under Louis XIV. His name is identified with the history of his time.
1678. Ghent surrendered to Louis XIV of France.
1679. A declaration forbidding pardon to be granted to any who killed another in a duel, issued by the council of England.
1694.Gaspard Sagittarius, a German historian, died. He was an able supporter of the doctrines of the reformation.
1735. Violent hurricane occurred at Kilverton in Norfolk rolling the lead of the roofs of houses and doing in the few minutes it lasted, incredible damage. A strong smell of sulphur followed.
1762.Joseph Calas, a merchant of Toulouse, executed on the wheel. He was unjustly condemned for the murder of his own son. His innocence was confirmed by a publicarret, on this day the next year.
1770.William Guthries, a voluminous Scottish writer, died. He became celebrated as a bookmaker, and lent his name to the works of less popular authors.
1778. Great council at Johnstown between the Six nations and New York company.
1782. Mangalore, a seaport of Hindostan, surrendered to the British under General Matthews.
1783.Michael Etmuller, a German physician, died. His works have been published in 5 vols. folio.
1793. Congress passed the act to organize the militia; enacting the enrollment of every able bodied white male citizen between the ages of 18 and 45.
1795. The Fingal, or 118th regiment, mutinied at Birmingham, England.
1796.Charette, the famous Vendean chief, tried and shot at Nantes, aged about 33. He refused to have his eyes bandaged, and gave the signal to fire himself.
1801.Johann Christian Ackermann, a celebrated German physician and bibliographer, died, aged 45.
1810. London rendered impassable for several hours by a heavy rain.
1811. Battle of Pombal, in Portugal, in which the French were defeated with the loss of 470, by the British.
1812.John Henry'splot to dismember the Union disclosed to congress. Henryreceived $50,000 public money for disclosing it, and sailed immediately for France.
1814. Battle of Laon, in which Napoleon was defeated by Marshal Blucher.
1822.Edward Daniel Clarke, professor of mineralogy at Cambridge and a celebrated traveler and tourist, died.
1823.John Henry Van Swinden, a Dutch philosopher, died. He was an author on various subjects, and a man of great erudition.
1825.Anna Letitia Barbauld, an English authoress of great reputation in her day, died. She was early taught the languages, and became distinguished for her learning. She retained great vigor of mind and body to the extreme age of 90.
1834. Snow fell at Rome, the first event of the kind on record in 240 years. (SeeMarch 25, 1595.)
1840.George Gleigdied at Stirling, Scotland, aged 87; distinguished for more than half a century as a scholar, critic, metaphysician and theologian.
1847. Battle of Vera Cruz.
222.Heliogabalus, emperor of Rome, assassinated. He was a cruel, vindictive and licentious tyrant.
1333.Ladislaus IIIof Poland died. He oppressed the people till they revolted and placed Wenceslaus upon the throne. On the death of the latter he was reinstated and governed with justice and moderation.
1668.John Denham, a British poet, died. One of his poems,Cooper's Hill, is commended by the ablest critics.
1673.Henrietta Coligni, a French poetess of much celebrity, died.
1683. The first council and assembly of Pennsylvania met at Chester. The session occupied 22 days.
1686.James IIgranted a general pardon to many of his subjects, excepting among others the girls of Taunton who gave a Bible and sword to Monmouth. James never favored the Bible.
1726. The Lyford giant born; when five years of age he could lift one hundred weight with one hand.
1736.William Cosby, captain general and commander in chief of the province of New York, died, almost universally detested.
1774.William Browne, an English physician, died. The active part he took in the contest against the licentiates, occasioned his being introduced by Foote into his play of theDevil upon Two Sticks. He is distinguished by many lively essays in English, and Latin prose and verse.
1776.Elias Catherine Freron, a Frenchlitterateur, died. He was the constant subject of Voltaire's satire, who called him the tyrant, rather than the king of literature.
1776. The British soldiery, contrary to orders, plundered Boston.
1783,Anthony Loydi, a farmer of Amezquet, Spain, died, aged 114. He had never been sick until a few days before his death, always abstained from wine and tobacco, and retained his senses, his teeth and hair until he died.
1785.N. Sablier, an eminent French author, died at Paris.
1789. The city of London brilliantly illuminated on account of the convalescence of the king.
1792.John, earl of Bute, died. He was made prime minister of England, from which he voluntarily retired to enjoy a life of learned leisure.
1797. The city of Albany made the capital of the state of New York.
1797. Delaware county, in the state of New York, erected.
1812.Bonaparteissued a decreedenationalizingall flags that should submit to the British orders in council.
1813. Action at night in Chesapeake bay between the United States schooner Adeline and the British schooner Lottery; the latter it is supposed was sunk.
1819.Frederick Henry Jacobi, a German philosophical writer, died.
1820.Benjamin West, the painter, died at London, aged 82. He was born at Springfield, Penn., 1738. The first indications of his genius were elicited at the age of seven years, by drawing the portrait of his sleeping sister in red and black ink. He began painting as a profession at the age of 18, and four years after went to England. He was subsequently induced by Sir Joshua Reynolds to take up his residence in London, where he acquired a reputation seldom attained, and at the time of his death was president of the Royal academy.
1826.John Pinkerton, an eminent and voluminous Scottish author, died at Paris, aged 68.
1829. The William and Anne, a British trading vessel, wrecked at the mouth of Columbia river, on the north-west coast of America, and the whole crew, 16 Europeans and 10 Sandwich islanders, murdered by the natives.
1833.Samuel Tucker, an American revolutionary commodore, died at Bremen, Maine. He was distinguished as a brave and able commander, and at the time of his death, was supposed to have been, next to Lafayette, the highest surviving officer of the revolution.
1855.James Brown, an eminent book-publisher of Boston, Mass., died, aged 55. He not only was eminent in his profession, but possessed the taste and spirit of a scholar.
1855.Carlos, the claimant of the Spanish throne from the time of the death of Ferdinand in 1833, died at Trieste, where he was known as the conde de Molina.
1855. The college building at Princeton, N. J., known as Nassau hall, was destroyed by fire. It was built in 1756 and in the Revolutionary war was used for barracks, by both the British and Americans.