Footnotes1.Cf.Ezra;Nehemiah;Esther, by Professor Adeney, in“Expositor's Bible.”2.Ezra iii. 12.3.Isa. lxvi. 22.4.Quoted forAsa(2 Chron. xvi. 11);Amaziah(2 Chron. xxv. 26);Ahaz(2 Chron. xxviii. 26).5.Quoted forJotham(2 Chron. xxvii. 7);Josiah(2 Chron. xxxv. 26, 27).6.Quoted forManasseh(2 Chron. xxxiii, 18).7.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29).8.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29) andSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).9.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29).10.Quoted forRehoboam(2 Chron. xii. 15).11.Quoted forJehoshaphat(2 Chron. xx. 34).12.Quoted forManasseh(2 Chron. xxxiii. 19).“Seers,”A.V., R.V. Marg., with LXX.; R.V., with Hebrew text,“Hozai.”The passage is probably corrupt.13.Quoted forSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).14.Quoted forHezekiah(2 Chron. xxxii. 32).15.Quoted forJoash(2 Chron. xxiv. 27).16.Quoted forAbijah(2 Chron. xiii, 22).17.Quoted forUzziah(2 Chron. xxvi. 22).18.Quoted forSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).19.Cf. pp. 17, 18.20.2 Chron. xx. 34.21.Chron. xxxii. 32.22.R.V. marg.23.R.V.24.E.g., the wars of Jotham (2 Chron. xxvii. 7).25.2 Chron. xiii. 22; xxiv. 27. The LXX., however, does not read“Midrash”in either case; and it is quite possible that glosses have attached themselves to the text of Chronicles.26.Cf. 2 Sam. vi. 12-20 with 1 Chron. xv., xvi.27.Cf. 2 Kings xi.; 2 Chron. xxiii.28.The last two classes are not easily distinguished; but the additions which introduce the Levitical system into earlier history are clearly the work of the chronicler or his immediate predecessor, if such a predecessor be assumed, or were found in somewhat late sources. This is also probably true of other explanatory matter.29.Cf. 2 Sam. iv. with 1 Chron. viii. 34, also 2 Sam. vii. 7 with 1 Chron. xvii. 6, and 2 Sam. xvii. 25 with 1 Chron. ii. 17. In both these instances Chronicles preserves the correct text.30.Cf.Book II., Chap. IV.31.Oehler,Old Testament Theology, i. 283 (Eng. trans.).32.Nestle,Die Israelitischen Eigennamen, p. 27. The present chapter is largely indebted to this standard monograph.33.Nestle.34.1 Chron. vii. 14.35.Philo,De Cong. Quær. Erud. Grat., 8.36.Hiller'sOnomasticon ap., Nestle 11.37.vii. 8.38.i. 35.39.xviii. 15.40.i. 20.41.viii. 36.42.ii. 18.43.iii. 20.44.iv. 3.45.Bertheau, i. 1.46.iv. 22.47.iv. 22.48.The translation of these words is not quite certain.49.Nestle, p. 68.50.Num. i. 10.51.Num. i. 12.52.Num. i. 6.53.Cf. p. 40.54.xi. 30; vii. 25 (Nestle).55.Nestle.56.Joel i. 15; Isa. xiii. 6. It is not necessary here to discuss either the etymological or the theological history of these words in their earliest usage, nor need we do more than recall the fact that Jehovah was the term in common use as the personal name of the God of Israel, while El was rare and sometimes generic.57.Ezra ii. 61-63; Neh. vii, 63-65.58.Acts xvii. 26.59.Col. iii. 11.60.Josh. xiv. 6.61.1 Sam. xxvii 10.62.Ver. 55.63.The occurrence of Caleb the son of Jephunneh in iv, 15, vi. 56, in no way militates against this view: the chronicler, like other redactors, is simply inserting borrowed material without correcting it.Chelubaiin ii. 9 stands forCaleb; cf. ii. 18.64.viii. 33-40; ix. 35-44. We have used Mephibosheth as more familiar, but Chronicles reads Meribbaal, which is more correct.65.Psalm lxxviii. 59, 60, 67-69.66.iv. 14, 21-23.67.1 Chron. xv.68.Cf. 2 Chron. xxix. 12 and xxx. 22.69.2 Chron. xvii. 8.70.Exod. xxv-xxxix.; 1 Kings vi.; 1 Chron. xxix.; 2 Chron. iii., v.71.1 Chron. xv. 4-10.72.1 Chron. xii. 23-37.73.John iii. 8.74.i. 10.75.i. 19.76.i. 46.77.Cf. Gen. xxxvi. 24 and 1 Chron. i. 40.78.I.e., Achan (ii. 3, 7).79.1 Sam. ii. 7, 8.80.Vv. 17, 18, as they stand, do not make sense. The second sentence of ver. 18 should be read before“and she bare Miriam”in ver. 17. Mered and Bithiah formed a tempting subject for the rabbis, and gave occasion for some of their usual grotesque fancies. Mered has been identified by them both with Caleb and Moses.81.Deut. vii. 3; Josh. xxiii. 12; Ezra ix. 1, x.; Neh. xiii. 23.82.iv. 9, 10.83.The reading on which this translation is based is obtained by an alteration of the vowels of the Masoretic text; cf. Bertheau, i. 1.84.Gen. xxviii. 20; xxxiii. 20.85.This translation is obtained by slightly altering the Masoretic text.86.iv. 41; cf. R.V.87.1 Sam. xv.88.Judges i. 17.89.Judges i. 22-26.90.Judges xviii.91.Vv. 7-10, 18-22.92.Deut. xxxiii. 20; 1 Chron. xii. 8, 21.93.Gen. xxv. 15.94.Gen. xvi. 12.95.Lay of the Last Minstrel, iv. 3.96.Vv. 25, 26. Note the curious spellingTilgath-pilneserfor the more usualTiglath-pileser.97.Cf. Bertheau, i. 1.98.In Josh. xix. 42, xxi. 24, Aijalon is given to Dan; in Judges i. 34 it is given to Dan, but we are told that Amorites retained possession of it, but became tributary to the house of Joseph; in 2 Chron. xi. 10 it is given to“Judah and Benjamin.”As a frontier town, it frequently changed hands.99.2 Chron. xvi. 9.100.2 Chron. xx. 20.101.2 Chron. xxix. 6.102.1 Chron. vi. 31-48, xv. 16-20; cf. psalm titles.103.1 Chron. vi. 33, 37; cf. Psalm lxxxviii. (title).104.1 Chron. xvi. 38, 42.105.1 Chron. ix. 26-32; cf. 1 Chron. xxiii. 24-32.106.2 Chron. xxix.-xxxi.; xxxiv.; xxxv.107.2 Chron. xxix. 27, 28.108.Num. iv. 3, 23, 35.109.1 Chron. xxiii. 24, 27. Probably“twenty”should be read for“thirty”in ver. 3.110.1 Chron. xxiv. 6.111.2 Chron. xxxiv. 13; xxxv. 3.112.2 Chron. xxxv. 3; cf. 1 Chron. xxiii 26.113.1 Chron. xxvi. 29.114.2 Chron. xvii. 7, 9.115.Wellhausen,History of Israel, p. 191; cf. 2 Chron. xix. 4-11.116.1 Chron. ix. 31, 32.117.Ezra ii. 36-39.118.1 Chron. xxiv. 1-19.119.Luke i. 5.120.Bell. Jud., IV. iii. 8.121.1 Chron. xxiv. 20-31; 2 Chron. xxxi. 2.122.1 Chron. xxv.123.1 Chron. xxvi.; Ezra vi. 18; Neh. xi. 36.124.Recently a complaint was received at the General Post-office that some newspapers sent from France had failed to arrive. It was stated that the names of the papers were—Il me manque;Plusieurs; Journaux;i.e., I am short of“Several”“Papers.”125.1 Chron. ix. 3.126.Luke ii. 36.127.Levi of course excepted.128.1 Chron. iii.129.ii. 55.130.iv. 21-23.131.Maspero,Ancient Egypt and Assyria, p. 60.132.Craddock,Despot of Bromsgrove Edge. Teck Jepson is, of course, an imaginary character, but none the less representative.133.Cave,Scripture Doctrine of Sacrifice, p. 163.134.George Eliot,Janet's Repentance, chap. xix.135.2 Chron. xii. 1, 6.136.2 Chron. xxxiii. 18.137.Ezra ii. 2.138.Isa. xlix. 6.139.Isa. ix. 7.140.Isa. xvi. 5.141.Isa. xxxvii. 35.142.Isa. xxxviii. 5.143.Acts ii 29.144.Hos. iii. 5.145.Amos ix. 11.146.Micah v. 2.147.Jer. xxiii. 5, 6; cf. xxxiii. 15 and Isa. iv. 2, xi. 1. The Hebrew word used in the last passage is different from that in the preceding.148.Ezek. xxxiv. 23, 24; xxxvii. 24, 25.149.Zech. iii. 8; the text in vi. 12 is probably corrupt.150.Hag. ii. 23.151.Zech. xii. 8.152.Written after the death of Pompey.153.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 444.154.An incidental reference is made to these facts in 1 Chron. xii. 19.155.2 Sam. iii. 39.156.2 Sam. v. 21; 1 Chron. xiv. 12.157.Deut. xxiv. 16, quoted in 2 Chron. xxv. 4.158.2 Sam. xxi. 19; 1 Chron. xx. 5.159.1 Chron. x. 14.160.Cf. xi. 1-9; xii. 23-xiii. 14; xv.161.1 Chron. xi. 2.162.1 Chron. ii. 15.163.1 Chron. xii. 1, 19. There is no certain indication of the date of the events in xi. 10-25. The fact that a“hold”is mentioned in xi. 16, as in xii. 8, 16, is not conclusive proof that they refer to the same period.164.xii. 20.165.1 Chron. xxix. 27.166.xi. 10-47; xx. 4-8.167.xiii. 14-xvi.168.xvii.169.xviii.; xx. 3.170.I.e., virtually Jehovah our God and the only true God.171.For a more detailed treatment of this incident see chap. ix.172.xxi.-xxix.173.xxix. 20-22, 28.174.xvi. 8-36.175.xvii. 16-27.176.For a short exposition of this passage see Book. IV., Chap. i.177.1 Chron. xi. 15-19.178.xxix. 20.179.Rom. xiv. 22.180.2 Sam. xii. 31; 1 Chron. xx. 3.181.Hodgkin,Italy and her Invaders, i. 205.182.x. 14; xi. 3.183.xii. 38.184.xxix. 1, 22.185.xiii. 2-4.186.1 Sam. xxiii. 9-13; xxx. 7, 8.187.xxv. 1, 2.188.xiii. 1.189.xxviii. 1.190.xxix. 22.191.But cf. 2 Chr. xxvi.192.Cf. xvii. 4-15 and xxviii. 2-10.193.xiii. 1-14.194.The casual reference in Jer. lii. 20 is only an apparent exception. The passage is really historical, and not prophetic.195.Deut. xvii. 16, 17; cf. 2 Chron. i. 14-17 and 1 Kings xi. 3-8.196.Psalms lxxii. and cxxvii. are attributed to him, the latter, however, only in the Hebrew Bible.197.Ecclus. xlvii. 12-21.198.Matt. xii. 42.199.Matt. vi. 29.200.Acts vii. 47.201.1 Chron. xxix. 25.202.2 Chron. ix. 22, 23.203.2 Chron. viii. 11.204.Neh. xiii. 26.205.Such changes occur throughout, and need not be further noticed unless some special interest attaches to them.206.Kings v. 13; ix. 22, which seems to contradict this, is an editorial note.207.2 Chron. ii. 2, 17, 18; viii. 7-10.208.1 Kings ix. 11, 12.209.2 Chron. viii. 1, 2, R.V.210.1 Chron. xxii. 9.211.1 Chron. xxix. 23, 24.212.2 Chron. i. 7-13.213.2 Chron. i. 14-17.214.v. 11, 12, peculiar to Chronicles.215.vi. 41, 42, peculiar to Chronicles, apparently based on Psalm cxxxii. 8-10.216.1 Chron. xxi. 26; 2 Chron. vii. 1-3, both peculiar to Chronicles.217.vii. 8-10, mostly peculiar to Chronicles. The text in 1 Kings viii. 65 has been interpolated from Chronicles.218.vii. 13-15, peculiar to Chronicles.219.viii. 3, 4, peculiar to Chronicles. Hamath is apparently referred to as a possession of Judah in 2 Kings xiv. 28.220.viii. 12-16, peculiar in this form to Chronicles, but based upon 1 Kings ix. 25.221.ix., as in 1 Kings x. 1-13.222.ix. 31.223.ix. 28.224.It is not suggested that the chronicler intended to convey this impression, or that it would be felt by most of his readers.225.xiv. 3, 5, contradicting 1 Kings xv. 14 and apparently 2 Chron. xv. 17.226.xv. 8-14, peculiar to Chronicles.227.xv. 18, 19.228.xvii. 6 contradicts 1 Kings xxii. 43 and 2 Chron. xx. 33.229.xvii. 7-9, peculiar to Chronicles.230.xxiv. 1-14.231.xxi. 11, peculiar to Chronicles.232.xxv. 4.233.2 Chron. xxviii. 24-xxxi., mostly peculiar to Chronicles; but compare Kings xviii. 4-7, which mentions the taking away of the high places.234.xxxiii. 16.235.xxxiv.; xxxv.236.xxx. 2.237.xxii. 1; xxiii. 1-15; xxvi. 1; xxxiii. 25; xxxvi. 1.238.xxv. 12.239.xvi. 12.240.xx. 37.241.xxiv. 20-27.242.xxv. 14-27.243.xxvi. 16-23.244.xxxii. 25-33.245.xxxv. 20-27.246.Milton, Hymn to the Nativity.247.Tennyson, In Memoriam.248.2 Chron. ix. 1.249.Prov. xxxi. 1-9.250.Articles XXI. and XXXVII.251.Eph. ii. 12.252.2 Chron. xii. 12, peculiar to Chronicles.253.1 Kings xv. 3.254.2 Chron. xxxiii. 11-20, peculiar to Chronicles.255.2 Kings xxiii. 32.256.2 Kings xvi. 5.257.Isa. viii. 2.258.2 Chron. xxxiii. 9.259.2 Chron. xxxvi. 5, 8, 11.260.2 Chron. xxviii. 5-15, peculiar to Chronicles; cf. 2 Kings xvi. 5, 6.261.2 Chron. xxviii. 16-25, peculiar to Chronicles; cf. 2 Kings xvi. 7-18.262.xxviii. 27, peculiar to Chronicles.263.2 Chron. xi. 13, 14, xxix. 34, xxx. 27, all peculiar to Chronicles. In xxx. 27 the text is doubtful; many authorities have“the priests and the Levites.”264.I.e., in the view given us by the chronicler of the period of the monarchy, after the Return the priests were far more numerous than the Levites.265.1 Chron. xxvi. 30-32.266.2 Chron. xix. 4-11.267.2 Chron. xv. 3. In the older literature the phrase would bear a more special and technical meaning.268.Exod. xxxii. 26-35.269.Num. xxv. 3.270.Psalm cvi. 30, 31.271.1 Chron. xii. 23-28.272.1 Chron. xxvii. 5; cf. however, R.V. marg.273.2 Chron. xiii. 12.274.2 Chron. xxiii. 7. All the passages referred to in this paragraph are peculiar to Chronicles.275.Neh. iv. 17.276.1 Macc. v. 67.277.1 Chron. xiii. 8; xvi. 2.278.1 Chron. xxix. 10-19.279.2 Chron. vi.280.2 Chron. xx. 4-13; xxx. 6-9, 18-21, 27.281.2 Chron. xxxv.282.1 Chron. xiii. 10.283.2 Chron. xxvi. 16-23.284.2 Chron. xxxi. 3-5.285.Mal. i. 8; iii. 4, 10.286.2 Chron. xxxi. 10.287.Exod. xv. 3.288.Psalm lxxiv. 8, 9. This psalm is commonly regarded as Maccabæan, but may be as early as the chronicler or even earlier.289.1 Macc. iv. 46.290.Ezra ii. 63.291.2 Chron. xxix. 25, peculiar to Chronicles.292.2 Chron. xii. 5-8, peculiar to Chronicles.293.2 Chron. xv.-xvi. 10, peculiar to Chronicles.294.2 Chron. xix. 2, 3, xx. 14-18, 37, all peculiar to Chronicles.295.xxi. 12-15, peculiar to Chronicles.296.xxiv. 18-22, peculiar to Chronicles.297.xiv. 15, 16, peculiar to Chronicles.298.2 Kings xix. 5-7, 20-34.299.xxxii. 20.300.xxxiii. 10, 18.301.xxxv. 21, 22, 25, peculiar to Chronicles.302.1 Esdras i. 28.303.Ezra v. 1; vi. 14.304.Neh. vi. 14.305.1 Chron. xii. 18, peculiar to Chronicles.306.Acts ii. 30.307.2 Kings iv. 42.308.Abbott,Through Nature to Christ, p. 295.309.Jer. xv. 10.310.Deut. xviii. 18.311.Ecclus. xlix. 10.312.R.V.“delight in”is somewhat too strong.313.It is, however, possible that the text in Samuel is a corruption of text more closely parallel to that of Chronicles.314.Noldius and R. Salom.apudBertheau i. 1.315.Josh. xviii. 28; Judges i. 21, as against Josh. xv. 63; Judges i. 8, which assign the city to Judah.316.1 Chron. xxvii. 23, 24.317.Ver. 7 is apparently a general anticipation of the narrative in vv. 9-15.318.Josh. v. 13.319.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 270.320.Exod. iv. 21; Josh. xi. 20; 1 Sam. xix. 9, 10; 2 Sam. xxiv. 1; 1 Kings xxii. 20-23.321.Prov. xvi. 4; Lam. iii. 38; Isa. xlv. 7.322.Zech. iii. 1.323.Jer. vii. 12-14; xxvi. 6.324.1 Chron. xxviii. 19.325.Heb. vii. 14.326.Hos. xii. 13.327.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 353.328.2 Chron. xxx. 6; 1 Kings xviii. 36.329.1 Chron. xvi. 13, 17; Gen. xxxii. 28.330.Gen. xxiii. 4; cf. Psalms xxxix. 13, cxix. 19.331.Job viii. 9.332.Called, however, at that time Antonia.333.viii. 9.334.xi. 5-xii. 1, peculiar to Chronicles.335.xii. 2-8, 12, peculiar to Chronicles.336.xii. 14, peculiar to Chronicles.337.Ecclus. xlvii. 23.338.xiii. 3-22, peculiar to Chronicles.339.Josh. xviii. 22.340.Judges ix. 8.341.Num. xviii. 19.342.2 Chron. x. 15.343.This verse must of course be understood to give his whole family history, and not merely that of his three years' reign.344.xiv. 1, 7, peculiar to Chronicles.345.xiv. 3-9, peculiar to Chronicles.346.1 Chron. xii., etc.; 2 Chron. xi. 5 ff., xvii. 12 ff., xxvi. 9 ff. xxvii. 4 ff., xxxiii. 14.347.xiv. 9-15.348.So R.V. marg.; R.V. text (with which A.V. is in substantial agreement):“There fell of the Ethiopians so many that they could not recover themselves”;i.e., the routed army were never able to rally.349.The second reformation is dated early in Asa's fifteenth year, and Abijah only reigned three years.350.xv., based upon 1 Kings xv. 13-15, but the great bulk of the chapter is peculiar to Chronicles; the original passage from Kings is reproduced, with slight changes in vv. 16-18.351.2 Sam. xii. 9-11.“Barak”with LXX. and Peshite; Masoretic text has“Bedan.”352.Judges v. 6, 7; vi. 11; viii. 15-17; ix.; xii. 1-7; xx.; xxi.353.Cf. 1 Kings xv. 12.354.1 Chron. ix. 3.355.Exod. xxii. 20; Deut. xiii. 5, 9, 15.356.1 Kings xv. 16, 32, 33.357.xvi. 7-10, peculiar to Chronicles.358.Isa. vii. 17.359.Isa. xxxi. 1; xxx. 3.360.Jer. ii. 36.361.Zech. iv. 10.362.The date, as before, is peculiar to Chronicles.363.xvi. 12b, peculiar to Chronicles.364.Time and Tide, xii. 67.365.George Eliot,Romola, xxi.366.Part II., Chap. IX.367.xvii., peculiar to Chronicles.368.1 Chron. xviii. 1-3.369.xix. 1-3, peculiar to Chronicles.370.xix. 4-11, peculiar to Chronicles.371.Milman,Latin Christianity, Book XI., Chap. I.372.xx. 1-30, peculiar to Chronicles.373.So R.V. marg., with the LXX. The Targum has“Edomites,”the A.V. is not justified by the Hebrew, and the R.V. does not make sense.374.Cf. 1 Chron. iv. 41, R.V.; and 2 Chron. xxvi. 7.375.One Hebrew manuscript is quoted as having this reading. A.R.V., with the ordinary Masoretic text, have“Syria”; but it is simply absurd to suppose that a multitude from beyond the sea from Syria would first make their appearance on the western shore of the Dead Sea.376.2 Chron. iv. 9.377.Ver. 9; cf. 2 Chron. vi. 28, and the whole paragraph (vv. 22-30) of which our verse is a brief abstract.378.Not Ziz, as A.R.V.379.הדרת קדש, literally, as A.R.V.,“beauty of holiness”;i.e., sacred robes. Translate with R.V. marg.“praise in the beauty of holiness,”not, as A.R.V.,“praise the beauty of holiness.”380.Exod. xiv. 30.381.With R.V. marg.382.The identification of the valley of Berachah with the valley of Jehoshaphat, close to Jerusalem and mentioned by Josephus, is a mere theory, quite at variance with the topographical evidence.383.Kings xxii. 48, 49.384.2 Chron. xxiv. 24, peculiar to Chronicles.385.Psalm xx. 7.386.1 Macc. ii. 35-38.387.xxi. 2-4, peculiar to Chronicles.388.Vv. 5-10; cf. 2 Kings viii. 17-22.389.xxi. 11-19, peculiar to Chronicles.390.So R.V. marg., with LXX. and Vulgate A.R.V. have“mountains,”with Masoretic text.391.Jer. xxix.; xxxvi.392.Green'sShorter History, p. 404.393.xxii. 1b, peculiar to Chronicles.394.The Hebrew original of the A.R.V.,“departed without being desired,”is as obscure as the English of our versions. The most probable translation is,“He behaved so as to please no one.”The A.R.V. apparently mean that no one regretted his death.395.We need not discuss in detail the question of Ahaziah's age at his accession. The age of forty-two, given in 2 Chron. xxii. 2, is simply impossible, seeing that his father was only forty years old when he died. The Peshito and Arabic versions have followed 2 Kings viii. 26, and altered forty-two to twenty-two; and the LXX. reads twenty years. But twenty-two years still presents difficulties. According to this reading, Ahaziah, Jehoram's youngest son, was born when his father was only eighteen, and Jehoram having had several sons before the age of eighteen, had none afterwards.396.xiii. 7a, peculiar to Chronicles.397.Cf. p. 20.398.Cf. xxv. 2 with 2 Kings xiv. 4, xxvi. 4 with 2 Kings xv. 4, xxvii. 2 with 2 Kings xv. 34, where similar statements are omitted by the chronicler.399.2 Kings xii. 9.400.Exod. xxx. 11-16.401.Neh. x. 32.402.xxiv. 14-22, peculiar to Chronicles.403.Curiously enough, Jehoiada's name does not occur in the list of high-priests in 1 Chron. vi. 1-12.404.1 Chron. xxviii. 9; 2 Chron. vii. 19, xii. 5, xiii. 10, xv. 2, xxi. 10, xxviii. 6, xxix. 6, xxxiv. 25.405.Cf. 2 Kings xii. 17, 18, of which this narrative is probably an adaptation.406.xxv. 5-13, peculiar to Chronicles, except that the account of the war with Edom is expanded from the brief note in Kings. Cf. ver. 11bwith 2 Kings xiv. 7.407.In the phrase“from Samaria to Beth-horon,”“Samaria”apparently means the northern kingdom, and not the city,i.e., from the borders of Samaria; the chronicler has fallen into the nomenclature of his own age.408.For the discussion of the chronicler's account of Ahaz see Book III., Chap. VII.409.So R.V. marg., with LXX., Targum, Syriac and Arabic versions, Talmud, Rashi, Kimchi, and some Hebrew manuscripts (Bertheau, i. 1). A.R.V.,“had understanding in the visions”(R.V. vision)“of God.”The difference between the two Hebrew readings is very slight. Vv. 5-20, with the exception of the bare fact of the leprosy are peculiar to Chronicles.410.Cf. Ezek. xxvi. 9.411.Pliny, vii. 56apudSmith'sBible Dictionary.412.Num. xviii. 7; Exod. xxx. 7.413.Kimchi interprets“those days”as meaning“after the death of Jotham.”414.The reference to the wall of Ophel is peculiar to Chronicles: indeed, Ophel is only mentioned in Chronicles and Nehemiah; it was the southern spur of Mount Moriah (Neh. iii. 26, 27). Vv. 3b-7 are also peculiar to Chronicles.415.This is usually understood as Nisan, the first month of the ecclesiastical year.416.xxix. 3-xxxi. 21 (the cleansing of the Temple and accompanying feast, Passover, organisation of the priests and Levites) are substantially peculiar to Chronicles, though in a sense they expand 2 Kings xviii. 4-7, because they fulfil the commandments which Jehovah commanded Moses.417.Exod. vi. 18, 22; Num. iii. 30, mention Elizaphan as a descendant of Kohath.418.So Strack-Zockler, i. 1.419.Lev. i. 6.420.According to 2 Kings xviii. 10, Samaria was not taken till the sixth year of Hezekiah's reign. It is not necessary for an expositor of Chronicles to attempt to harmonise the two accounts.421.Cf xxx. 11, 18.422.xxx. 14; cf. 2 Kings xviii. 4. The chronicler omits the statement that Hezekiah destroyed Moses's brazen serpent, which the people had hitherto worshipped. His readers would not have understood how this corrupt worship survived the reforms of pious kings and priests who observed the law of Moses.423.Cf. xxix. 34, xxx. 3.424.Lev. xv. 31.425.So Bertheau, i. 1, slightly paraphrasing.426.A.R.V., with Masoretic text,“the priests the Levites”; LXX., Vulg. Syr.,“the priests and the Levites.”The former is more likely to be correct. The verse is partly an echo of Deut. xxvi. 15, so that the chronicler naturally uses the Deuteronomic phrase“the priests the Levites”; but he probably does so unconsciously, without intending to make any special claim for the Levites: hence I have omitted the word in the text.427.xxxii. 2-8, peculiar to Chronicles.428.xxxii. 30.429.xxxiii. 11-19, peculiar to Chronicles.430.So R.V.: A.V.,“among the thorns”; R.V. marg.,“with hooks”, if so in a figurative sense. Others take the word as a proper name: Hohim.431.Ezek. xviii. 20.432.Peter iv. 18.433.Ezek. xviii. 21-23.434.Psalm cxxx. 4, probably belonging to about the same period as Chronicles.435.1 Chron. xxiii. 26, peculiar to Chronicles.436.2 Chron. vii. 5. The figures are peculiar to Chronicles; 1 Kings viii. 5 says that the victims could not be counted.437.Jehoiachin. The ordinary reading in 2 Kings xxiv. makes him eighteen.438.2 xxxvi. 6b, peculiar to Chronicles.439.Mostly peculiar to Chronicles.
Footnotes1.Cf.Ezra;Nehemiah;Esther, by Professor Adeney, in“Expositor's Bible.”2.Ezra iii. 12.3.Isa. lxvi. 22.4.Quoted forAsa(2 Chron. xvi. 11);Amaziah(2 Chron. xxv. 26);Ahaz(2 Chron. xxviii. 26).5.Quoted forJotham(2 Chron. xxvii. 7);Josiah(2 Chron. xxxv. 26, 27).6.Quoted forManasseh(2 Chron. xxxiii, 18).7.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29).8.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29) andSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).9.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29).10.Quoted forRehoboam(2 Chron. xii. 15).11.Quoted forJehoshaphat(2 Chron. xx. 34).12.Quoted forManasseh(2 Chron. xxxiii. 19).“Seers,”A.V., R.V. Marg., with LXX.; R.V., with Hebrew text,“Hozai.”The passage is probably corrupt.13.Quoted forSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).14.Quoted forHezekiah(2 Chron. xxxii. 32).15.Quoted forJoash(2 Chron. xxiv. 27).16.Quoted forAbijah(2 Chron. xiii, 22).17.Quoted forUzziah(2 Chron. xxvi. 22).18.Quoted forSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).19.Cf. pp. 17, 18.20.2 Chron. xx. 34.21.Chron. xxxii. 32.22.R.V. marg.23.R.V.24.E.g., the wars of Jotham (2 Chron. xxvii. 7).25.2 Chron. xiii. 22; xxiv. 27. The LXX., however, does not read“Midrash”in either case; and it is quite possible that glosses have attached themselves to the text of Chronicles.26.Cf. 2 Sam. vi. 12-20 with 1 Chron. xv., xvi.27.Cf. 2 Kings xi.; 2 Chron. xxiii.28.The last two classes are not easily distinguished; but the additions which introduce the Levitical system into earlier history are clearly the work of the chronicler or his immediate predecessor, if such a predecessor be assumed, or were found in somewhat late sources. This is also probably true of other explanatory matter.29.Cf. 2 Sam. iv. with 1 Chron. viii. 34, also 2 Sam. vii. 7 with 1 Chron. xvii. 6, and 2 Sam. xvii. 25 with 1 Chron. ii. 17. In both these instances Chronicles preserves the correct text.30.Cf.Book II., Chap. IV.31.Oehler,Old Testament Theology, i. 283 (Eng. trans.).32.Nestle,Die Israelitischen Eigennamen, p. 27. The present chapter is largely indebted to this standard monograph.33.Nestle.34.1 Chron. vii. 14.35.Philo,De Cong. Quær. Erud. Grat., 8.36.Hiller'sOnomasticon ap., Nestle 11.37.vii. 8.38.i. 35.39.xviii. 15.40.i. 20.41.viii. 36.42.ii. 18.43.iii. 20.44.iv. 3.45.Bertheau, i. 1.46.iv. 22.47.iv. 22.48.The translation of these words is not quite certain.49.Nestle, p. 68.50.Num. i. 10.51.Num. i. 12.52.Num. i. 6.53.Cf. p. 40.54.xi. 30; vii. 25 (Nestle).55.Nestle.56.Joel i. 15; Isa. xiii. 6. It is not necessary here to discuss either the etymological or the theological history of these words in their earliest usage, nor need we do more than recall the fact that Jehovah was the term in common use as the personal name of the God of Israel, while El was rare and sometimes generic.57.Ezra ii. 61-63; Neh. vii, 63-65.58.Acts xvii. 26.59.Col. iii. 11.60.Josh. xiv. 6.61.1 Sam. xxvii 10.62.Ver. 55.63.The occurrence of Caleb the son of Jephunneh in iv, 15, vi. 56, in no way militates against this view: the chronicler, like other redactors, is simply inserting borrowed material without correcting it.Chelubaiin ii. 9 stands forCaleb; cf. ii. 18.64.viii. 33-40; ix. 35-44. We have used Mephibosheth as more familiar, but Chronicles reads Meribbaal, which is more correct.65.Psalm lxxviii. 59, 60, 67-69.66.iv. 14, 21-23.67.1 Chron. xv.68.Cf. 2 Chron. xxix. 12 and xxx. 22.69.2 Chron. xvii. 8.70.Exod. xxv-xxxix.; 1 Kings vi.; 1 Chron. xxix.; 2 Chron. iii., v.71.1 Chron. xv. 4-10.72.1 Chron. xii. 23-37.73.John iii. 8.74.i. 10.75.i. 19.76.i. 46.77.Cf. Gen. xxxvi. 24 and 1 Chron. i. 40.78.I.e., Achan (ii. 3, 7).79.1 Sam. ii. 7, 8.80.Vv. 17, 18, as they stand, do not make sense. The second sentence of ver. 18 should be read before“and she bare Miriam”in ver. 17. Mered and Bithiah formed a tempting subject for the rabbis, and gave occasion for some of their usual grotesque fancies. Mered has been identified by them both with Caleb and Moses.81.Deut. vii. 3; Josh. xxiii. 12; Ezra ix. 1, x.; Neh. xiii. 23.82.iv. 9, 10.83.The reading on which this translation is based is obtained by an alteration of the vowels of the Masoretic text; cf. Bertheau, i. 1.84.Gen. xxviii. 20; xxxiii. 20.85.This translation is obtained by slightly altering the Masoretic text.86.iv. 41; cf. R.V.87.1 Sam. xv.88.Judges i. 17.89.Judges i. 22-26.90.Judges xviii.91.Vv. 7-10, 18-22.92.Deut. xxxiii. 20; 1 Chron. xii. 8, 21.93.Gen. xxv. 15.94.Gen. xvi. 12.95.Lay of the Last Minstrel, iv. 3.96.Vv. 25, 26. Note the curious spellingTilgath-pilneserfor the more usualTiglath-pileser.97.Cf. Bertheau, i. 1.98.In Josh. xix. 42, xxi. 24, Aijalon is given to Dan; in Judges i. 34 it is given to Dan, but we are told that Amorites retained possession of it, but became tributary to the house of Joseph; in 2 Chron. xi. 10 it is given to“Judah and Benjamin.”As a frontier town, it frequently changed hands.99.2 Chron. xvi. 9.100.2 Chron. xx. 20.101.2 Chron. xxix. 6.102.1 Chron. vi. 31-48, xv. 16-20; cf. psalm titles.103.1 Chron. vi. 33, 37; cf. Psalm lxxxviii. (title).104.1 Chron. xvi. 38, 42.105.1 Chron. ix. 26-32; cf. 1 Chron. xxiii. 24-32.106.2 Chron. xxix.-xxxi.; xxxiv.; xxxv.107.2 Chron. xxix. 27, 28.108.Num. iv. 3, 23, 35.109.1 Chron. xxiii. 24, 27. Probably“twenty”should be read for“thirty”in ver. 3.110.1 Chron. xxiv. 6.111.2 Chron. xxxiv. 13; xxxv. 3.112.2 Chron. xxxv. 3; cf. 1 Chron. xxiii 26.113.1 Chron. xxvi. 29.114.2 Chron. xvii. 7, 9.115.Wellhausen,History of Israel, p. 191; cf. 2 Chron. xix. 4-11.116.1 Chron. ix. 31, 32.117.Ezra ii. 36-39.118.1 Chron. xxiv. 1-19.119.Luke i. 5.120.Bell. Jud., IV. iii. 8.121.1 Chron. xxiv. 20-31; 2 Chron. xxxi. 2.122.1 Chron. xxv.123.1 Chron. xxvi.; Ezra vi. 18; Neh. xi. 36.124.Recently a complaint was received at the General Post-office that some newspapers sent from France had failed to arrive. It was stated that the names of the papers were—Il me manque;Plusieurs; Journaux;i.e., I am short of“Several”“Papers.”125.1 Chron. ix. 3.126.Luke ii. 36.127.Levi of course excepted.128.1 Chron. iii.129.ii. 55.130.iv. 21-23.131.Maspero,Ancient Egypt and Assyria, p. 60.132.Craddock,Despot of Bromsgrove Edge. Teck Jepson is, of course, an imaginary character, but none the less representative.133.Cave,Scripture Doctrine of Sacrifice, p. 163.134.George Eliot,Janet's Repentance, chap. xix.135.2 Chron. xii. 1, 6.136.2 Chron. xxxiii. 18.137.Ezra ii. 2.138.Isa. xlix. 6.139.Isa. ix. 7.140.Isa. xvi. 5.141.Isa. xxxvii. 35.142.Isa. xxxviii. 5.143.Acts ii 29.144.Hos. iii. 5.145.Amos ix. 11.146.Micah v. 2.147.Jer. xxiii. 5, 6; cf. xxxiii. 15 and Isa. iv. 2, xi. 1. The Hebrew word used in the last passage is different from that in the preceding.148.Ezek. xxxiv. 23, 24; xxxvii. 24, 25.149.Zech. iii. 8; the text in vi. 12 is probably corrupt.150.Hag. ii. 23.151.Zech. xii. 8.152.Written after the death of Pompey.153.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 444.154.An incidental reference is made to these facts in 1 Chron. xii. 19.155.2 Sam. iii. 39.156.2 Sam. v. 21; 1 Chron. xiv. 12.157.Deut. xxiv. 16, quoted in 2 Chron. xxv. 4.158.2 Sam. xxi. 19; 1 Chron. xx. 5.159.1 Chron. x. 14.160.Cf. xi. 1-9; xii. 23-xiii. 14; xv.161.1 Chron. xi. 2.162.1 Chron. ii. 15.163.1 Chron. xii. 1, 19. There is no certain indication of the date of the events in xi. 10-25. The fact that a“hold”is mentioned in xi. 16, as in xii. 8, 16, is not conclusive proof that they refer to the same period.164.xii. 20.165.1 Chron. xxix. 27.166.xi. 10-47; xx. 4-8.167.xiii. 14-xvi.168.xvii.169.xviii.; xx. 3.170.I.e., virtually Jehovah our God and the only true God.171.For a more detailed treatment of this incident see chap. ix.172.xxi.-xxix.173.xxix. 20-22, 28.174.xvi. 8-36.175.xvii. 16-27.176.For a short exposition of this passage see Book. IV., Chap. i.177.1 Chron. xi. 15-19.178.xxix. 20.179.Rom. xiv. 22.180.2 Sam. xii. 31; 1 Chron. xx. 3.181.Hodgkin,Italy and her Invaders, i. 205.182.x. 14; xi. 3.183.xii. 38.184.xxix. 1, 22.185.xiii. 2-4.186.1 Sam. xxiii. 9-13; xxx. 7, 8.187.xxv. 1, 2.188.xiii. 1.189.xxviii. 1.190.xxix. 22.191.But cf. 2 Chr. xxvi.192.Cf. xvii. 4-15 and xxviii. 2-10.193.xiii. 1-14.194.The casual reference in Jer. lii. 20 is only an apparent exception. The passage is really historical, and not prophetic.195.Deut. xvii. 16, 17; cf. 2 Chron. i. 14-17 and 1 Kings xi. 3-8.196.Psalms lxxii. and cxxvii. are attributed to him, the latter, however, only in the Hebrew Bible.197.Ecclus. xlvii. 12-21.198.Matt. xii. 42.199.Matt. vi. 29.200.Acts vii. 47.201.1 Chron. xxix. 25.202.2 Chron. ix. 22, 23.203.2 Chron. viii. 11.204.Neh. xiii. 26.205.Such changes occur throughout, and need not be further noticed unless some special interest attaches to them.206.Kings v. 13; ix. 22, which seems to contradict this, is an editorial note.207.2 Chron. ii. 2, 17, 18; viii. 7-10.208.1 Kings ix. 11, 12.209.2 Chron. viii. 1, 2, R.V.210.1 Chron. xxii. 9.211.1 Chron. xxix. 23, 24.212.2 Chron. i. 7-13.213.2 Chron. i. 14-17.214.v. 11, 12, peculiar to Chronicles.215.vi. 41, 42, peculiar to Chronicles, apparently based on Psalm cxxxii. 8-10.216.1 Chron. xxi. 26; 2 Chron. vii. 1-3, both peculiar to Chronicles.217.vii. 8-10, mostly peculiar to Chronicles. The text in 1 Kings viii. 65 has been interpolated from Chronicles.218.vii. 13-15, peculiar to Chronicles.219.viii. 3, 4, peculiar to Chronicles. Hamath is apparently referred to as a possession of Judah in 2 Kings xiv. 28.220.viii. 12-16, peculiar in this form to Chronicles, but based upon 1 Kings ix. 25.221.ix., as in 1 Kings x. 1-13.222.ix. 31.223.ix. 28.224.It is not suggested that the chronicler intended to convey this impression, or that it would be felt by most of his readers.225.xiv. 3, 5, contradicting 1 Kings xv. 14 and apparently 2 Chron. xv. 17.226.xv. 8-14, peculiar to Chronicles.227.xv. 18, 19.228.xvii. 6 contradicts 1 Kings xxii. 43 and 2 Chron. xx. 33.229.xvii. 7-9, peculiar to Chronicles.230.xxiv. 1-14.231.xxi. 11, peculiar to Chronicles.232.xxv. 4.233.2 Chron. xxviii. 24-xxxi., mostly peculiar to Chronicles; but compare Kings xviii. 4-7, which mentions the taking away of the high places.234.xxxiii. 16.235.xxxiv.; xxxv.236.xxx. 2.237.xxii. 1; xxiii. 1-15; xxvi. 1; xxxiii. 25; xxxvi. 1.238.xxv. 12.239.xvi. 12.240.xx. 37.241.xxiv. 20-27.242.xxv. 14-27.243.xxvi. 16-23.244.xxxii. 25-33.245.xxxv. 20-27.246.Milton, Hymn to the Nativity.247.Tennyson, In Memoriam.248.2 Chron. ix. 1.249.Prov. xxxi. 1-9.250.Articles XXI. and XXXVII.251.Eph. ii. 12.252.2 Chron. xii. 12, peculiar to Chronicles.253.1 Kings xv. 3.254.2 Chron. xxxiii. 11-20, peculiar to Chronicles.255.2 Kings xxiii. 32.256.2 Kings xvi. 5.257.Isa. viii. 2.258.2 Chron. xxxiii. 9.259.2 Chron. xxxvi. 5, 8, 11.260.2 Chron. xxviii. 5-15, peculiar to Chronicles; cf. 2 Kings xvi. 5, 6.261.2 Chron. xxviii. 16-25, peculiar to Chronicles; cf. 2 Kings xvi. 7-18.262.xxviii. 27, peculiar to Chronicles.263.2 Chron. xi. 13, 14, xxix. 34, xxx. 27, all peculiar to Chronicles. In xxx. 27 the text is doubtful; many authorities have“the priests and the Levites.”264.I.e., in the view given us by the chronicler of the period of the monarchy, after the Return the priests were far more numerous than the Levites.265.1 Chron. xxvi. 30-32.266.2 Chron. xix. 4-11.267.2 Chron. xv. 3. In the older literature the phrase would bear a more special and technical meaning.268.Exod. xxxii. 26-35.269.Num. xxv. 3.270.Psalm cvi. 30, 31.271.1 Chron. xii. 23-28.272.1 Chron. xxvii. 5; cf. however, R.V. marg.273.2 Chron. xiii. 12.274.2 Chron. xxiii. 7. All the passages referred to in this paragraph are peculiar to Chronicles.275.Neh. iv. 17.276.1 Macc. v. 67.277.1 Chron. xiii. 8; xvi. 2.278.1 Chron. xxix. 10-19.279.2 Chron. vi.280.2 Chron. xx. 4-13; xxx. 6-9, 18-21, 27.281.2 Chron. xxxv.282.1 Chron. xiii. 10.283.2 Chron. xxvi. 16-23.284.2 Chron. xxxi. 3-5.285.Mal. i. 8; iii. 4, 10.286.2 Chron. xxxi. 10.287.Exod. xv. 3.288.Psalm lxxiv. 8, 9. This psalm is commonly regarded as Maccabæan, but may be as early as the chronicler or even earlier.289.1 Macc. iv. 46.290.Ezra ii. 63.291.2 Chron. xxix. 25, peculiar to Chronicles.292.2 Chron. xii. 5-8, peculiar to Chronicles.293.2 Chron. xv.-xvi. 10, peculiar to Chronicles.294.2 Chron. xix. 2, 3, xx. 14-18, 37, all peculiar to Chronicles.295.xxi. 12-15, peculiar to Chronicles.296.xxiv. 18-22, peculiar to Chronicles.297.xiv. 15, 16, peculiar to Chronicles.298.2 Kings xix. 5-7, 20-34.299.xxxii. 20.300.xxxiii. 10, 18.301.xxxv. 21, 22, 25, peculiar to Chronicles.302.1 Esdras i. 28.303.Ezra v. 1; vi. 14.304.Neh. vi. 14.305.1 Chron. xii. 18, peculiar to Chronicles.306.Acts ii. 30.307.2 Kings iv. 42.308.Abbott,Through Nature to Christ, p. 295.309.Jer. xv. 10.310.Deut. xviii. 18.311.Ecclus. xlix. 10.312.R.V.“delight in”is somewhat too strong.313.It is, however, possible that the text in Samuel is a corruption of text more closely parallel to that of Chronicles.314.Noldius and R. Salom.apudBertheau i. 1.315.Josh. xviii. 28; Judges i. 21, as against Josh. xv. 63; Judges i. 8, which assign the city to Judah.316.1 Chron. xxvii. 23, 24.317.Ver. 7 is apparently a general anticipation of the narrative in vv. 9-15.318.Josh. v. 13.319.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 270.320.Exod. iv. 21; Josh. xi. 20; 1 Sam. xix. 9, 10; 2 Sam. xxiv. 1; 1 Kings xxii. 20-23.321.Prov. xvi. 4; Lam. iii. 38; Isa. xlv. 7.322.Zech. iii. 1.323.Jer. vii. 12-14; xxvi. 6.324.1 Chron. xxviii. 19.325.Heb. vii. 14.326.Hos. xii. 13.327.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 353.328.2 Chron. xxx. 6; 1 Kings xviii. 36.329.1 Chron. xvi. 13, 17; Gen. xxxii. 28.330.Gen. xxiii. 4; cf. Psalms xxxix. 13, cxix. 19.331.Job viii. 9.332.Called, however, at that time Antonia.333.viii. 9.334.xi. 5-xii. 1, peculiar to Chronicles.335.xii. 2-8, 12, peculiar to Chronicles.336.xii. 14, peculiar to Chronicles.337.Ecclus. xlvii. 23.338.xiii. 3-22, peculiar to Chronicles.339.Josh. xviii. 22.340.Judges ix. 8.341.Num. xviii. 19.342.2 Chron. x. 15.343.This verse must of course be understood to give his whole family history, and not merely that of his three years' reign.344.xiv. 1, 7, peculiar to Chronicles.345.xiv. 3-9, peculiar to Chronicles.346.1 Chron. xii., etc.; 2 Chron. xi. 5 ff., xvii. 12 ff., xxvi. 9 ff. xxvii. 4 ff., xxxiii. 14.347.xiv. 9-15.348.So R.V. marg.; R.V. text (with which A.V. is in substantial agreement):“There fell of the Ethiopians so many that they could not recover themselves”;i.e., the routed army were never able to rally.349.The second reformation is dated early in Asa's fifteenth year, and Abijah only reigned three years.350.xv., based upon 1 Kings xv. 13-15, but the great bulk of the chapter is peculiar to Chronicles; the original passage from Kings is reproduced, with slight changes in vv. 16-18.351.2 Sam. xii. 9-11.“Barak”with LXX. and Peshite; Masoretic text has“Bedan.”352.Judges v. 6, 7; vi. 11; viii. 15-17; ix.; xii. 1-7; xx.; xxi.353.Cf. 1 Kings xv. 12.354.1 Chron. ix. 3.355.Exod. xxii. 20; Deut. xiii. 5, 9, 15.356.1 Kings xv. 16, 32, 33.357.xvi. 7-10, peculiar to Chronicles.358.Isa. vii. 17.359.Isa. xxxi. 1; xxx. 3.360.Jer. ii. 36.361.Zech. iv. 10.362.The date, as before, is peculiar to Chronicles.363.xvi. 12b, peculiar to Chronicles.364.Time and Tide, xii. 67.365.George Eliot,Romola, xxi.366.Part II., Chap. IX.367.xvii., peculiar to Chronicles.368.1 Chron. xviii. 1-3.369.xix. 1-3, peculiar to Chronicles.370.xix. 4-11, peculiar to Chronicles.371.Milman,Latin Christianity, Book XI., Chap. I.372.xx. 1-30, peculiar to Chronicles.373.So R.V. marg., with the LXX. The Targum has“Edomites,”the A.V. is not justified by the Hebrew, and the R.V. does not make sense.374.Cf. 1 Chron. iv. 41, R.V.; and 2 Chron. xxvi. 7.375.One Hebrew manuscript is quoted as having this reading. A.R.V., with the ordinary Masoretic text, have“Syria”; but it is simply absurd to suppose that a multitude from beyond the sea from Syria would first make their appearance on the western shore of the Dead Sea.376.2 Chron. iv. 9.377.Ver. 9; cf. 2 Chron. vi. 28, and the whole paragraph (vv. 22-30) of which our verse is a brief abstract.378.Not Ziz, as A.R.V.379.הדרת קדש, literally, as A.R.V.,“beauty of holiness”;i.e., sacred robes. Translate with R.V. marg.“praise in the beauty of holiness,”not, as A.R.V.,“praise the beauty of holiness.”380.Exod. xiv. 30.381.With R.V. marg.382.The identification of the valley of Berachah with the valley of Jehoshaphat, close to Jerusalem and mentioned by Josephus, is a mere theory, quite at variance with the topographical evidence.383.Kings xxii. 48, 49.384.2 Chron. xxiv. 24, peculiar to Chronicles.385.Psalm xx. 7.386.1 Macc. ii. 35-38.387.xxi. 2-4, peculiar to Chronicles.388.Vv. 5-10; cf. 2 Kings viii. 17-22.389.xxi. 11-19, peculiar to Chronicles.390.So R.V. marg., with LXX. and Vulgate A.R.V. have“mountains,”with Masoretic text.391.Jer. xxix.; xxxvi.392.Green'sShorter History, p. 404.393.xxii. 1b, peculiar to Chronicles.394.The Hebrew original of the A.R.V.,“departed without being desired,”is as obscure as the English of our versions. The most probable translation is,“He behaved so as to please no one.”The A.R.V. apparently mean that no one regretted his death.395.We need not discuss in detail the question of Ahaziah's age at his accession. The age of forty-two, given in 2 Chron. xxii. 2, is simply impossible, seeing that his father was only forty years old when he died. The Peshito and Arabic versions have followed 2 Kings viii. 26, and altered forty-two to twenty-two; and the LXX. reads twenty years. But twenty-two years still presents difficulties. According to this reading, Ahaziah, Jehoram's youngest son, was born when his father was only eighteen, and Jehoram having had several sons before the age of eighteen, had none afterwards.396.xiii. 7a, peculiar to Chronicles.397.Cf. p. 20.398.Cf. xxv. 2 with 2 Kings xiv. 4, xxvi. 4 with 2 Kings xv. 4, xxvii. 2 with 2 Kings xv. 34, where similar statements are omitted by the chronicler.399.2 Kings xii. 9.400.Exod. xxx. 11-16.401.Neh. x. 32.402.xxiv. 14-22, peculiar to Chronicles.403.Curiously enough, Jehoiada's name does not occur in the list of high-priests in 1 Chron. vi. 1-12.404.1 Chron. xxviii. 9; 2 Chron. vii. 19, xii. 5, xiii. 10, xv. 2, xxi. 10, xxviii. 6, xxix. 6, xxxiv. 25.405.Cf. 2 Kings xii. 17, 18, of which this narrative is probably an adaptation.406.xxv. 5-13, peculiar to Chronicles, except that the account of the war with Edom is expanded from the brief note in Kings. Cf. ver. 11bwith 2 Kings xiv. 7.407.In the phrase“from Samaria to Beth-horon,”“Samaria”apparently means the northern kingdom, and not the city,i.e., from the borders of Samaria; the chronicler has fallen into the nomenclature of his own age.408.For the discussion of the chronicler's account of Ahaz see Book III., Chap. VII.409.So R.V. marg., with LXX., Targum, Syriac and Arabic versions, Talmud, Rashi, Kimchi, and some Hebrew manuscripts (Bertheau, i. 1). A.R.V.,“had understanding in the visions”(R.V. vision)“of God.”The difference between the two Hebrew readings is very slight. Vv. 5-20, with the exception of the bare fact of the leprosy are peculiar to Chronicles.410.Cf. Ezek. xxvi. 9.411.Pliny, vii. 56apudSmith'sBible Dictionary.412.Num. xviii. 7; Exod. xxx. 7.413.Kimchi interprets“those days”as meaning“after the death of Jotham.”414.The reference to the wall of Ophel is peculiar to Chronicles: indeed, Ophel is only mentioned in Chronicles and Nehemiah; it was the southern spur of Mount Moriah (Neh. iii. 26, 27). Vv. 3b-7 are also peculiar to Chronicles.415.This is usually understood as Nisan, the first month of the ecclesiastical year.416.xxix. 3-xxxi. 21 (the cleansing of the Temple and accompanying feast, Passover, organisation of the priests and Levites) are substantially peculiar to Chronicles, though in a sense they expand 2 Kings xviii. 4-7, because they fulfil the commandments which Jehovah commanded Moses.417.Exod. vi. 18, 22; Num. iii. 30, mention Elizaphan as a descendant of Kohath.418.So Strack-Zockler, i. 1.419.Lev. i. 6.420.According to 2 Kings xviii. 10, Samaria was not taken till the sixth year of Hezekiah's reign. It is not necessary for an expositor of Chronicles to attempt to harmonise the two accounts.421.Cf xxx. 11, 18.422.xxx. 14; cf. 2 Kings xviii. 4. The chronicler omits the statement that Hezekiah destroyed Moses's brazen serpent, which the people had hitherto worshipped. His readers would not have understood how this corrupt worship survived the reforms of pious kings and priests who observed the law of Moses.423.Cf. xxix. 34, xxx. 3.424.Lev. xv. 31.425.So Bertheau, i. 1, slightly paraphrasing.426.A.R.V., with Masoretic text,“the priests the Levites”; LXX., Vulg. Syr.,“the priests and the Levites.”The former is more likely to be correct. The verse is partly an echo of Deut. xxvi. 15, so that the chronicler naturally uses the Deuteronomic phrase“the priests the Levites”; but he probably does so unconsciously, without intending to make any special claim for the Levites: hence I have omitted the word in the text.427.xxxii. 2-8, peculiar to Chronicles.428.xxxii. 30.429.xxxiii. 11-19, peculiar to Chronicles.430.So R.V.: A.V.,“among the thorns”; R.V. marg.,“with hooks”, if so in a figurative sense. Others take the word as a proper name: Hohim.431.Ezek. xviii. 20.432.Peter iv. 18.433.Ezek. xviii. 21-23.434.Psalm cxxx. 4, probably belonging to about the same period as Chronicles.435.1 Chron. xxiii. 26, peculiar to Chronicles.436.2 Chron. vii. 5. The figures are peculiar to Chronicles; 1 Kings viii. 5 says that the victims could not be counted.437.Jehoiachin. The ordinary reading in 2 Kings xxiv. makes him eighteen.438.2 xxxvi. 6b, peculiar to Chronicles.439.Mostly peculiar to Chronicles.
Footnotes1.Cf.Ezra;Nehemiah;Esther, by Professor Adeney, in“Expositor's Bible.”2.Ezra iii. 12.3.Isa. lxvi. 22.4.Quoted forAsa(2 Chron. xvi. 11);Amaziah(2 Chron. xxv. 26);Ahaz(2 Chron. xxviii. 26).5.Quoted forJotham(2 Chron. xxvii. 7);Josiah(2 Chron. xxxv. 26, 27).6.Quoted forManasseh(2 Chron. xxxiii, 18).7.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29).8.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29) andSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).9.Quoted forDavid(1 Chron. xxix. 29).10.Quoted forRehoboam(2 Chron. xii. 15).11.Quoted forJehoshaphat(2 Chron. xx. 34).12.Quoted forManasseh(2 Chron. xxxiii. 19).“Seers,”A.V., R.V. Marg., with LXX.; R.V., with Hebrew text,“Hozai.”The passage is probably corrupt.13.Quoted forSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).14.Quoted forHezekiah(2 Chron. xxxii. 32).15.Quoted forJoash(2 Chron. xxiv. 27).16.Quoted forAbijah(2 Chron. xiii, 22).17.Quoted forUzziah(2 Chron. xxvi. 22).18.Quoted forSolomon(2 Chron. ix. 29).19.Cf. pp. 17, 18.20.2 Chron. xx. 34.21.Chron. xxxii. 32.22.R.V. marg.23.R.V.24.E.g., the wars of Jotham (2 Chron. xxvii. 7).25.2 Chron. xiii. 22; xxiv. 27. The LXX., however, does not read“Midrash”in either case; and it is quite possible that glosses have attached themselves to the text of Chronicles.26.Cf. 2 Sam. vi. 12-20 with 1 Chron. xv., xvi.27.Cf. 2 Kings xi.; 2 Chron. xxiii.28.The last two classes are not easily distinguished; but the additions which introduce the Levitical system into earlier history are clearly the work of the chronicler or his immediate predecessor, if such a predecessor be assumed, or were found in somewhat late sources. This is also probably true of other explanatory matter.29.Cf. 2 Sam. iv. with 1 Chron. viii. 34, also 2 Sam. vii. 7 with 1 Chron. xvii. 6, and 2 Sam. xvii. 25 with 1 Chron. ii. 17. In both these instances Chronicles preserves the correct text.30.Cf.Book II., Chap. IV.31.Oehler,Old Testament Theology, i. 283 (Eng. trans.).32.Nestle,Die Israelitischen Eigennamen, p. 27. The present chapter is largely indebted to this standard monograph.33.Nestle.34.1 Chron. vii. 14.35.Philo,De Cong. Quær. Erud. Grat., 8.36.Hiller'sOnomasticon ap., Nestle 11.37.vii. 8.38.i. 35.39.xviii. 15.40.i. 20.41.viii. 36.42.ii. 18.43.iii. 20.44.iv. 3.45.Bertheau, i. 1.46.iv. 22.47.iv. 22.48.The translation of these words is not quite certain.49.Nestle, p. 68.50.Num. i. 10.51.Num. i. 12.52.Num. i. 6.53.Cf. p. 40.54.xi. 30; vii. 25 (Nestle).55.Nestle.56.Joel i. 15; Isa. xiii. 6. It is not necessary here to discuss either the etymological or the theological history of these words in their earliest usage, nor need we do more than recall the fact that Jehovah was the term in common use as the personal name of the God of Israel, while El was rare and sometimes generic.57.Ezra ii. 61-63; Neh. vii, 63-65.58.Acts xvii. 26.59.Col. iii. 11.60.Josh. xiv. 6.61.1 Sam. xxvii 10.62.Ver. 55.63.The occurrence of Caleb the son of Jephunneh in iv, 15, vi. 56, in no way militates against this view: the chronicler, like other redactors, is simply inserting borrowed material without correcting it.Chelubaiin ii. 9 stands forCaleb; cf. ii. 18.64.viii. 33-40; ix. 35-44. We have used Mephibosheth as more familiar, but Chronicles reads Meribbaal, which is more correct.65.Psalm lxxviii. 59, 60, 67-69.66.iv. 14, 21-23.67.1 Chron. xv.68.Cf. 2 Chron. xxix. 12 and xxx. 22.69.2 Chron. xvii. 8.70.Exod. xxv-xxxix.; 1 Kings vi.; 1 Chron. xxix.; 2 Chron. iii., v.71.1 Chron. xv. 4-10.72.1 Chron. xii. 23-37.73.John iii. 8.74.i. 10.75.i. 19.76.i. 46.77.Cf. Gen. xxxvi. 24 and 1 Chron. i. 40.78.I.e., Achan (ii. 3, 7).79.1 Sam. ii. 7, 8.80.Vv. 17, 18, as they stand, do not make sense. The second sentence of ver. 18 should be read before“and she bare Miriam”in ver. 17. Mered and Bithiah formed a tempting subject for the rabbis, and gave occasion for some of their usual grotesque fancies. Mered has been identified by them both with Caleb and Moses.81.Deut. vii. 3; Josh. xxiii. 12; Ezra ix. 1, x.; Neh. xiii. 23.82.iv. 9, 10.83.The reading on which this translation is based is obtained by an alteration of the vowels of the Masoretic text; cf. Bertheau, i. 1.84.Gen. xxviii. 20; xxxiii. 20.85.This translation is obtained by slightly altering the Masoretic text.86.iv. 41; cf. R.V.87.1 Sam. xv.88.Judges i. 17.89.Judges i. 22-26.90.Judges xviii.91.Vv. 7-10, 18-22.92.Deut. xxxiii. 20; 1 Chron. xii. 8, 21.93.Gen. xxv. 15.94.Gen. xvi. 12.95.Lay of the Last Minstrel, iv. 3.96.Vv. 25, 26. Note the curious spellingTilgath-pilneserfor the more usualTiglath-pileser.97.Cf. Bertheau, i. 1.98.In Josh. xix. 42, xxi. 24, Aijalon is given to Dan; in Judges i. 34 it is given to Dan, but we are told that Amorites retained possession of it, but became tributary to the house of Joseph; in 2 Chron. xi. 10 it is given to“Judah and Benjamin.”As a frontier town, it frequently changed hands.99.2 Chron. xvi. 9.100.2 Chron. xx. 20.101.2 Chron. xxix. 6.102.1 Chron. vi. 31-48, xv. 16-20; cf. psalm titles.103.1 Chron. vi. 33, 37; cf. Psalm lxxxviii. (title).104.1 Chron. xvi. 38, 42.105.1 Chron. ix. 26-32; cf. 1 Chron. xxiii. 24-32.106.2 Chron. xxix.-xxxi.; xxxiv.; xxxv.107.2 Chron. xxix. 27, 28.108.Num. iv. 3, 23, 35.109.1 Chron. xxiii. 24, 27. Probably“twenty”should be read for“thirty”in ver. 3.110.1 Chron. xxiv. 6.111.2 Chron. xxxiv. 13; xxxv. 3.112.2 Chron. xxxv. 3; cf. 1 Chron. xxiii 26.113.1 Chron. xxvi. 29.114.2 Chron. xvii. 7, 9.115.Wellhausen,History of Israel, p. 191; cf. 2 Chron. xix. 4-11.116.1 Chron. ix. 31, 32.117.Ezra ii. 36-39.118.1 Chron. xxiv. 1-19.119.Luke i. 5.120.Bell. Jud., IV. iii. 8.121.1 Chron. xxiv. 20-31; 2 Chron. xxxi. 2.122.1 Chron. xxv.123.1 Chron. xxvi.; Ezra vi. 18; Neh. xi. 36.124.Recently a complaint was received at the General Post-office that some newspapers sent from France had failed to arrive. It was stated that the names of the papers were—Il me manque;Plusieurs; Journaux;i.e., I am short of“Several”“Papers.”125.1 Chron. ix. 3.126.Luke ii. 36.127.Levi of course excepted.128.1 Chron. iii.129.ii. 55.130.iv. 21-23.131.Maspero,Ancient Egypt and Assyria, p. 60.132.Craddock,Despot of Bromsgrove Edge. Teck Jepson is, of course, an imaginary character, but none the less representative.133.Cave,Scripture Doctrine of Sacrifice, p. 163.134.George Eliot,Janet's Repentance, chap. xix.135.2 Chron. xii. 1, 6.136.2 Chron. xxxiii. 18.137.Ezra ii. 2.138.Isa. xlix. 6.139.Isa. ix. 7.140.Isa. xvi. 5.141.Isa. xxxvii. 35.142.Isa. xxxviii. 5.143.Acts ii 29.144.Hos. iii. 5.145.Amos ix. 11.146.Micah v. 2.147.Jer. xxiii. 5, 6; cf. xxxiii. 15 and Isa. iv. 2, xi. 1. The Hebrew word used in the last passage is different from that in the preceding.148.Ezek. xxxiv. 23, 24; xxxvii. 24, 25.149.Zech. iii. 8; the text in vi. 12 is probably corrupt.150.Hag. ii. 23.151.Zech. xii. 8.152.Written after the death of Pompey.153.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 444.154.An incidental reference is made to these facts in 1 Chron. xii. 19.155.2 Sam. iii. 39.156.2 Sam. v. 21; 1 Chron. xiv. 12.157.Deut. xxiv. 16, quoted in 2 Chron. xxv. 4.158.2 Sam. xxi. 19; 1 Chron. xx. 5.159.1 Chron. x. 14.160.Cf. xi. 1-9; xii. 23-xiii. 14; xv.161.1 Chron. xi. 2.162.1 Chron. ii. 15.163.1 Chron. xii. 1, 19. There is no certain indication of the date of the events in xi. 10-25. The fact that a“hold”is mentioned in xi. 16, as in xii. 8, 16, is not conclusive proof that they refer to the same period.164.xii. 20.165.1 Chron. xxix. 27.166.xi. 10-47; xx. 4-8.167.xiii. 14-xvi.168.xvii.169.xviii.; xx. 3.170.I.e., virtually Jehovah our God and the only true God.171.For a more detailed treatment of this incident see chap. ix.172.xxi.-xxix.173.xxix. 20-22, 28.174.xvi. 8-36.175.xvii. 16-27.176.For a short exposition of this passage see Book. IV., Chap. i.177.1 Chron. xi. 15-19.178.xxix. 20.179.Rom. xiv. 22.180.2 Sam. xii. 31; 1 Chron. xx. 3.181.Hodgkin,Italy and her Invaders, i. 205.182.x. 14; xi. 3.183.xii. 38.184.xxix. 1, 22.185.xiii. 2-4.186.1 Sam. xxiii. 9-13; xxx. 7, 8.187.xxv. 1, 2.188.xiii. 1.189.xxviii. 1.190.xxix. 22.191.But cf. 2 Chr. xxvi.192.Cf. xvii. 4-15 and xxviii. 2-10.193.xiii. 1-14.194.The casual reference in Jer. lii. 20 is only an apparent exception. The passage is really historical, and not prophetic.195.Deut. xvii. 16, 17; cf. 2 Chron. i. 14-17 and 1 Kings xi. 3-8.196.Psalms lxxii. and cxxvii. are attributed to him, the latter, however, only in the Hebrew Bible.197.Ecclus. xlvii. 12-21.198.Matt. xii. 42.199.Matt. vi. 29.200.Acts vii. 47.201.1 Chron. xxix. 25.202.2 Chron. ix. 22, 23.203.2 Chron. viii. 11.204.Neh. xiii. 26.205.Such changes occur throughout, and need not be further noticed unless some special interest attaches to them.206.Kings v. 13; ix. 22, which seems to contradict this, is an editorial note.207.2 Chron. ii. 2, 17, 18; viii. 7-10.208.1 Kings ix. 11, 12.209.2 Chron. viii. 1, 2, R.V.210.1 Chron. xxii. 9.211.1 Chron. xxix. 23, 24.212.2 Chron. i. 7-13.213.2 Chron. i. 14-17.214.v. 11, 12, peculiar to Chronicles.215.vi. 41, 42, peculiar to Chronicles, apparently based on Psalm cxxxii. 8-10.216.1 Chron. xxi. 26; 2 Chron. vii. 1-3, both peculiar to Chronicles.217.vii. 8-10, mostly peculiar to Chronicles. The text in 1 Kings viii. 65 has been interpolated from Chronicles.218.vii. 13-15, peculiar to Chronicles.219.viii. 3, 4, peculiar to Chronicles. Hamath is apparently referred to as a possession of Judah in 2 Kings xiv. 28.220.viii. 12-16, peculiar in this form to Chronicles, but based upon 1 Kings ix. 25.221.ix., as in 1 Kings x. 1-13.222.ix. 31.223.ix. 28.224.It is not suggested that the chronicler intended to convey this impression, or that it would be felt by most of his readers.225.xiv. 3, 5, contradicting 1 Kings xv. 14 and apparently 2 Chron. xv. 17.226.xv. 8-14, peculiar to Chronicles.227.xv. 18, 19.228.xvii. 6 contradicts 1 Kings xxii. 43 and 2 Chron. xx. 33.229.xvii. 7-9, peculiar to Chronicles.230.xxiv. 1-14.231.xxi. 11, peculiar to Chronicles.232.xxv. 4.233.2 Chron. xxviii. 24-xxxi., mostly peculiar to Chronicles; but compare Kings xviii. 4-7, which mentions the taking away of the high places.234.xxxiii. 16.235.xxxiv.; xxxv.236.xxx. 2.237.xxii. 1; xxiii. 1-15; xxvi. 1; xxxiii. 25; xxxvi. 1.238.xxv. 12.239.xvi. 12.240.xx. 37.241.xxiv. 20-27.242.xxv. 14-27.243.xxvi. 16-23.244.xxxii. 25-33.245.xxxv. 20-27.246.Milton, Hymn to the Nativity.247.Tennyson, In Memoriam.248.2 Chron. ix. 1.249.Prov. xxxi. 1-9.250.Articles XXI. and XXXVII.251.Eph. ii. 12.252.2 Chron. xii. 12, peculiar to Chronicles.253.1 Kings xv. 3.254.2 Chron. xxxiii. 11-20, peculiar to Chronicles.255.2 Kings xxiii. 32.256.2 Kings xvi. 5.257.Isa. viii. 2.258.2 Chron. xxxiii. 9.259.2 Chron. xxxvi. 5, 8, 11.260.2 Chron. xxviii. 5-15, peculiar to Chronicles; cf. 2 Kings xvi. 5, 6.261.2 Chron. xxviii. 16-25, peculiar to Chronicles; cf. 2 Kings xvi. 7-18.262.xxviii. 27, peculiar to Chronicles.263.2 Chron. xi. 13, 14, xxix. 34, xxx. 27, all peculiar to Chronicles. In xxx. 27 the text is doubtful; many authorities have“the priests and the Levites.”264.I.e., in the view given us by the chronicler of the period of the monarchy, after the Return the priests were far more numerous than the Levites.265.1 Chron. xxvi. 30-32.266.2 Chron. xix. 4-11.267.2 Chron. xv. 3. In the older literature the phrase would bear a more special and technical meaning.268.Exod. xxxii. 26-35.269.Num. xxv. 3.270.Psalm cvi. 30, 31.271.1 Chron. xii. 23-28.272.1 Chron. xxvii. 5; cf. however, R.V. marg.273.2 Chron. xiii. 12.274.2 Chron. xxiii. 7. All the passages referred to in this paragraph are peculiar to Chronicles.275.Neh. iv. 17.276.1 Macc. v. 67.277.1 Chron. xiii. 8; xvi. 2.278.1 Chron. xxix. 10-19.279.2 Chron. vi.280.2 Chron. xx. 4-13; xxx. 6-9, 18-21, 27.281.2 Chron. xxxv.282.1 Chron. xiii. 10.283.2 Chron. xxvi. 16-23.284.2 Chron. xxxi. 3-5.285.Mal. i. 8; iii. 4, 10.286.2 Chron. xxxi. 10.287.Exod. xv. 3.288.Psalm lxxiv. 8, 9. This psalm is commonly regarded as Maccabæan, but may be as early as the chronicler or even earlier.289.1 Macc. iv. 46.290.Ezra ii. 63.291.2 Chron. xxix. 25, peculiar to Chronicles.292.2 Chron. xii. 5-8, peculiar to Chronicles.293.2 Chron. xv.-xvi. 10, peculiar to Chronicles.294.2 Chron. xix. 2, 3, xx. 14-18, 37, all peculiar to Chronicles.295.xxi. 12-15, peculiar to Chronicles.296.xxiv. 18-22, peculiar to Chronicles.297.xiv. 15, 16, peculiar to Chronicles.298.2 Kings xix. 5-7, 20-34.299.xxxii. 20.300.xxxiii. 10, 18.301.xxxv. 21, 22, 25, peculiar to Chronicles.302.1 Esdras i. 28.303.Ezra v. 1; vi. 14.304.Neh. vi. 14.305.1 Chron. xii. 18, peculiar to Chronicles.306.Acts ii. 30.307.2 Kings iv. 42.308.Abbott,Through Nature to Christ, p. 295.309.Jer. xv. 10.310.Deut. xviii. 18.311.Ecclus. xlix. 10.312.R.V.“delight in”is somewhat too strong.313.It is, however, possible that the text in Samuel is a corruption of text more closely parallel to that of Chronicles.314.Noldius and R. Salom.apudBertheau i. 1.315.Josh. xviii. 28; Judges i. 21, as against Josh. xv. 63; Judges i. 8, which assign the city to Judah.316.1 Chron. xxvii. 23, 24.317.Ver. 7 is apparently a general anticipation of the narrative in vv. 9-15.318.Josh. v. 13.319.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 270.320.Exod. iv. 21; Josh. xi. 20; 1 Sam. xix. 9, 10; 2 Sam. xxiv. 1; 1 Kings xxii. 20-23.321.Prov. xvi. 4; Lam. iii. 38; Isa. xlv. 7.322.Zech. iii. 1.323.Jer. vii. 12-14; xxvi. 6.324.1 Chron. xxviii. 19.325.Heb. vii. 14.326.Hos. xii. 13.327.Schultz,Old Testament Theology, ii. 353.328.2 Chron. xxx. 6; 1 Kings xviii. 36.329.1 Chron. xvi. 13, 17; Gen. xxxii. 28.330.Gen. xxiii. 4; cf. Psalms xxxix. 13, cxix. 19.331.Job viii. 9.332.Called, however, at that time Antonia.333.viii. 9.334.xi. 5-xii. 1, peculiar to Chronicles.335.xii. 2-8, 12, peculiar to Chronicles.336.xii. 14, peculiar to Chronicles.337.Ecclus. xlvii. 23.338.xiii. 3-22, peculiar to Chronicles.339.Josh. xviii. 22.340.Judges ix. 8.341.Num. xviii. 19.342.2 Chron. x. 15.343.This verse must of course be understood to give his whole family history, and not merely that of his three years' reign.344.xiv. 1, 7, peculiar to Chronicles.345.xiv. 3-9, peculiar to Chronicles.346.1 Chron. xii., etc.; 2 Chron. xi. 5 ff., xvii. 12 ff., xxvi. 9 ff. xxvii. 4 ff., xxxiii. 14.347.xiv. 9-15.348.So R.V. marg.; R.V. text (with which A.V. is in substantial agreement):“There fell of the Ethiopians so many that they could not recover themselves”;i.e., the routed army were never able to rally.349.The second reformation is dated early in Asa's fifteenth year, and Abijah only reigned three years.350.xv., based upon 1 Kings xv. 13-15, but the great bulk of the chapter is peculiar to Chronicles; the original passage from Kings is reproduced, with slight changes in vv. 16-18.351.2 Sam. xii. 9-11.“Barak”with LXX. and Peshite; Masoretic text has“Bedan.”352.Judges v. 6, 7; vi. 11; viii. 15-17; ix.; xii. 1-7; xx.; xxi.353.Cf. 1 Kings xv. 12.354.1 Chron. ix. 3.355.Exod. xxii. 20; Deut. xiii. 5, 9, 15.356.1 Kings xv. 16, 32, 33.357.xvi. 7-10, peculiar to Chronicles.358.Isa. vii. 17.359.Isa. xxxi. 1; xxx. 3.360.Jer. ii. 36.361.Zech. iv. 10.362.The date, as before, is peculiar to Chronicles.363.xvi. 12b, peculiar to Chronicles.364.Time and Tide, xii. 67.365.George Eliot,Romola, xxi.366.Part II., Chap. IX.367.xvii., peculiar to Chronicles.368.1 Chron. xviii. 1-3.369.xix. 1-3, peculiar to Chronicles.370.xix. 4-11, peculiar to Chronicles.371.Milman,Latin Christianity, Book XI., Chap. I.372.xx. 1-30, peculiar to Chronicles.373.So R.V. marg., with the LXX. The Targum has“Edomites,”the A.V. is not justified by the Hebrew, and the R.V. does not make sense.374.Cf. 1 Chron. iv. 41, R.V.; and 2 Chron. xxvi. 7.375.One Hebrew manuscript is quoted as having this reading. A.R.V., with the ordinary Masoretic text, have“Syria”; but it is simply absurd to suppose that a multitude from beyond the sea from Syria would first make their appearance on the western shore of the Dead Sea.376.2 Chron. iv. 9.377.Ver. 9; cf. 2 Chron. vi. 28, and the whole paragraph (vv. 22-30) of which our verse is a brief abstract.378.Not Ziz, as A.R.V.379.הדרת קדש, literally, as A.R.V.,“beauty of holiness”;i.e., sacred robes. Translate with R.V. marg.“praise in the beauty of holiness,”not, as A.R.V.,“praise the beauty of holiness.”380.Exod. xiv. 30.381.With R.V. marg.382.The identification of the valley of Berachah with the valley of Jehoshaphat, close to Jerusalem and mentioned by Josephus, is a mere theory, quite at variance with the topographical evidence.383.Kings xxii. 48, 49.384.2 Chron. xxiv. 24, peculiar to Chronicles.385.Psalm xx. 7.386.1 Macc. ii. 35-38.387.xxi. 2-4, peculiar to Chronicles.388.Vv. 5-10; cf. 2 Kings viii. 17-22.389.xxi. 11-19, peculiar to Chronicles.390.So R.V. marg., with LXX. and Vulgate A.R.V. have“mountains,”with Masoretic text.391.Jer. xxix.; xxxvi.392.Green'sShorter History, p. 404.393.xxii. 1b, peculiar to Chronicles.394.The Hebrew original of the A.R.V.,“departed without being desired,”is as obscure as the English of our versions. The most probable translation is,“He behaved so as to please no one.”The A.R.V. apparently mean that no one regretted his death.395.We need not discuss in detail the question of Ahaziah's age at his accession. The age of forty-two, given in 2 Chron. xxii. 2, is simply impossible, seeing that his father was only forty years old when he died. The Peshito and Arabic versions have followed 2 Kings viii. 26, and altered forty-two to twenty-two; and the LXX. reads twenty years. But twenty-two years still presents difficulties. According to this reading, Ahaziah, Jehoram's youngest son, was born when his father was only eighteen, and Jehoram having had several sons before the age of eighteen, had none afterwards.396.xiii. 7a, peculiar to Chronicles.397.Cf. p. 20.398.Cf. xxv. 2 with 2 Kings xiv. 4, xxvi. 4 with 2 Kings xv. 4, xxvii. 2 with 2 Kings xv. 34, where similar statements are omitted by the chronicler.399.2 Kings xii. 9.400.Exod. xxx. 11-16.401.Neh. x. 32.402.xxiv. 14-22, peculiar to Chronicles.403.Curiously enough, Jehoiada's name does not occur in the list of high-priests in 1 Chron. vi. 1-12.404.1 Chron. xxviii. 9; 2 Chron. vii. 19, xii. 5, xiii. 10, xv. 2, xxi. 10, xxviii. 6, xxix. 6, xxxiv. 25.405.Cf. 2 Kings xii. 17, 18, of which this narrative is probably an adaptation.406.xxv. 5-13, peculiar to Chronicles, except that the account of the war with Edom is expanded from the brief note in Kings. Cf. ver. 11bwith 2 Kings xiv. 7.407.In the phrase“from Samaria to Beth-horon,”“Samaria”apparently means the northern kingdom, and not the city,i.e., from the borders of Samaria; the chronicler has fallen into the nomenclature of his own age.408.For the discussion of the chronicler's account of Ahaz see Book III., Chap. VII.409.So R.V. marg., with LXX., Targum, Syriac and Arabic versions, Talmud, Rashi, Kimchi, and some Hebrew manuscripts (Bertheau, i. 1). A.R.V.,“had understanding in the visions”(R.V. vision)“of God.”The difference between the two Hebrew readings is very slight. Vv. 5-20, with the exception of the bare fact of the leprosy are peculiar to Chronicles.410.Cf. Ezek. xxvi. 9.411.Pliny, vii. 56apudSmith'sBible Dictionary.412.Num. xviii. 7; Exod. xxx. 7.413.Kimchi interprets“those days”as meaning“after the death of Jotham.”414.The reference to the wall of Ophel is peculiar to Chronicles: indeed, Ophel is only mentioned in Chronicles and Nehemiah; it was the southern spur of Mount Moriah (Neh. iii. 26, 27). Vv. 3b-7 are also peculiar to Chronicles.415.This is usually understood as Nisan, the first month of the ecclesiastical year.416.xxix. 3-xxxi. 21 (the cleansing of the Temple and accompanying feast, Passover, organisation of the priests and Levites) are substantially peculiar to Chronicles, though in a sense they expand 2 Kings xviii. 4-7, because they fulfil the commandments which Jehovah commanded Moses.417.Exod. vi. 18, 22; Num. iii. 30, mention Elizaphan as a descendant of Kohath.418.So Strack-Zockler, i. 1.419.Lev. i. 6.420.According to 2 Kings xviii. 10, Samaria was not taken till the sixth year of Hezekiah's reign. It is not necessary for an expositor of Chronicles to attempt to harmonise the two accounts.421.Cf xxx. 11, 18.422.xxx. 14; cf. 2 Kings xviii. 4. The chronicler omits the statement that Hezekiah destroyed Moses's brazen serpent, which the people had hitherto worshipped. His readers would not have understood how this corrupt worship survived the reforms of pious kings and priests who observed the law of Moses.423.Cf. xxix. 34, xxx. 3.424.Lev. xv. 31.425.So Bertheau, i. 1, slightly paraphrasing.426.A.R.V., with Masoretic text,“the priests the Levites”; LXX., Vulg. Syr.,“the priests and the Levites.”The former is more likely to be correct. The verse is partly an echo of Deut. xxvi. 15, so that the chronicler naturally uses the Deuteronomic phrase“the priests the Levites”; but he probably does so unconsciously, without intending to make any special claim for the Levites: hence I have omitted the word in the text.427.xxxii. 2-8, peculiar to Chronicles.428.xxxii. 30.429.xxxiii. 11-19, peculiar to Chronicles.430.So R.V.: A.V.,“among the thorns”; R.V. marg.,“with hooks”, if so in a figurative sense. Others take the word as a proper name: Hohim.431.Ezek. xviii. 20.432.Peter iv. 18.433.Ezek. xviii. 21-23.434.Psalm cxxx. 4, probably belonging to about the same period as Chronicles.435.1 Chron. xxiii. 26, peculiar to Chronicles.436.2 Chron. vii. 5. The figures are peculiar to Chronicles; 1 Kings viii. 5 says that the victims could not be counted.437.Jehoiachin. The ordinary reading in 2 Kings xxiv. makes him eighteen.438.2 xxxvi. 6b, peculiar to Chronicles.439.Mostly peculiar to Chronicles.