Enhydrina, ii.384Enhydrion, Indian Miocene, i. 121ii.200Enhydris, ii.199Enicurus, ii.263Enispe, ii.472Enodes, ii.288Enophrys, ii.375Ensophleus, ii.420Entelopes, ii.501Entomiza, ii.276Entomophila, ii.275Enygrus, ii.381Eobasileus, N. American Eocene, i. 139Eocene period, i. 124fauna of S. America, i. 148Eophona, ii.284Eopsaltria, ii.271Eos, ii.327Epalzeorhynchus, ii.451Ephemera, from the Lias, i. 167Ephthianura, ii.260Epicalia, ii.474Epicrates, ii.381EPIMACHINÆ, ii.275Epimachus, ii.275Epiodon, ii.208Epirhixis, ii.419Epitola, ii.477Eporeodon, N. American Tertiary, i. 138EQUIDÆ, ii.211Equidæ, European Pliocene, i. 112Miocene of Greece, i. 115European Eocene, i. 125Equus, European Pliocene, i. 112Post-Pliocene, i. 112Indian Miocene, i. 121N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130N. American Tertiary, i. 135Brazilian caves, i. 144S. American Pliocene, i. 146ii.211Erebia, ii.471Eremias, ii.391Eremomela, ii.258Eremophilus, ii.444Ereptodon, N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130Eresia, ii.474Erethistes, ii.444Erethizon, ii.239Ereunetes, ii.353Ergaticus, ii.279Ergolis, ii.474Ericulus, ii.188Ericymba, ii.452ERINACEIDÆ, ii.187Erinaceus, European Miocene, i. 117ii.187Eriocnemis, ii.109Eriodes, ii.174Erismatura, ii.364Erithacus, ii.259Eroessa, ii.258Eronia, ii.478Erpornis, ii.267ERYCIDÆ, ii.381ERYCINIDÆ, ii.476Erynnis, ii.480Erythrinus, ii.445Erythrocercus, ii.270Erythrocnema, ii.347Erythrogonys, ii.356Erythrolampus, ii.375Erythromachusof Rodriguez, i. 164ii.352Erythrospiza, ii.285Erythrosterna, ii.270Erythrura, ii.387Eryx, ii.382ESOCIDÆ, ii.449Esox, ii.449Esthemopsis, ii.476Esthonyx, N. American Eocene, i. 139Estrilda, ii.286Etheria, ii.534Ethiopian region should not include any part of India, i. 63defined, i. 73subdivisions of, i. 73general features of, i. 251zoological characteristics of, i. 252mammalia of, i. 253great speciality of, i. 253birds of, i. 253reptiles of, i. 254amphibia of, i. 255fresh-water fish of, i. 255summary of vertebrates of, i. 255insects of, i. 255coleoptera of, i. 256terrestrial mollusca of, i. 257sub-regions of, i. 258Atlantic islands of, i. 269the probable past history of, i. 285tables of distribution of animals of, i. 293Euanemus, ii.443Eubagis, ii.474Eucephala, ii.109Euchætes, ii.98Eucometis, ii.99Euchromia, ii.481Eucichla, ii.298Euclyptosternum, ii.443Eudromias, ii.356Eudynamis, ii.310Eudyptes, ii.366Eueides, ii.473Eugenes, ii.107Eugenia, ii.107Euhyrax, ii.229Eulabeornis, ii.352Eulabes, ii.287Eulampis, ii.107Eumæus, ii.477Eumeces, ii.397Eumetopias, ii.203Eumomota, ii.313Eumys, N. American Tertiary, i. 140ii.231Eumyias, ii.270Eunectes, ii.381Eunica, ii.474Eunogyra, ii.475Eupetes, ii.263Eupetomena, ii.107Euphema, ii.325Eupherusa, ii.109Euphonia, ii.98Euphractus, S. American Pliocene, i. 147Euphryne, ii.401Euphysetes, ii.208Eupleres, ii.195Euplœa, ii.470EUPLOCAMINÆ, ii.340Euplocamus, ii.340Eupodotis, ii.356Euprepes, ii.397Eupsychortyx, ii.339Euptilotis, ii.314Euptychia, ii.471Eurinorhynchus, ii.353Eurocephalus, ii.272Europe, recent changes in physical geography of, i. 39Miocene fauna of Central, i. 117Miocene fauna of, allied to existing fauna of tropical Asia and Africa, i. 124European sub-region, description of, i. 191forests of, i. 192mammalia of, i. 192birds of, i. 193reptiles and amphibia of, i. 195fresh-water fish of, i. 196insects of, i. 196islands of, i. 197Eurostopodus, ii.320Euryades, ii.479Euryapteryx, ii.370Euryarthrium, ii.501Eurybia, ii.475Euryceros of Madagascar, figure of, i. 278Euryceros, ii.288Eurycus, ii.479Eurygona, ii.476EURYGONIDÆ, ii.476EURYLÆMIDÆ, ii.294Eurylæmus, ii.295Euryodon, in Brazilian caves, i. 145ii.246Euryphene, ii.474Eurypyga, ii.358EURYPYGIDÆ, ii.358Eurystomus, ii.312Eurytela, ii.474Eurytherium, European Eocene, i. 126Eurytrichus, ii.490Euscarthmus, ii.101Euschemon, ii.480ii.481Eusemia, ii.482Euspiza, ii.285Eustephanus, ii.108Eustira, ii.453Eutatus, S. American Pliocene, i. 147ii.246Eutelodon, European Eocene, i. 126Eutemnodus, S. American Eocene, i. 148Euterpe, ii.285Euthyrhynchus, ii.276Eutoxeres, ii.107Eutriorchis, ii.348Eutropia, ii.209Eutropiichthys, ii.441Eutropius, ii.442Eutroplus, ii.438Exocetus, ii.449Exoglossum, ii.452Exostoma, ii.444Extinct mammalian fauna of Europe, general considerations on, i. 126mammalia of N. America and Europe, comparison of, i. 140mammalia of the Antilles, i. 148mammalia of the Old and New Worlds, general remarks on, i. 148fauna of New Zealand, i. 459Amphibia, ii.423Ant-eaters, ii.247Armadillos, ii.246Bovidæ, ii.225Bradypodidæ, ii.245Camelidæ, ii.217Camelopardalidæ, ii.221Canidæ, ii.197Castoridæ, ii.234Caviidæ, ii.241Centetidæ, ii.189Cercolabidæ, ii.240Cetacea, ii.209Chinchillidæ, ii.237Chiroptera, ii.185Crocodiles, ii.407Deer, ii.220Didelphyidæ, ii.249Dipodidæ, ii.232Echidnidæ, ii.254Echimyidæ, ii.239Elephants, ii.227Equidæ, ii.211Erinaceidæ, ii.188Felidæ, ii.193Hippopotami, ii.214Hyænas, ii.196Hystricidæ, ii.240Insectivora, ii.192Lacertilia, ii.404Lagomyidæ, ii.242Leporidæ, ii.243Macropodidæ, ii.251Muridæ, ii.230Mustelidæ, ii.199Myoxidæ, ii.232Octodontidæ, ii.238Ophidia, ii.387Orycteropodidæ, ii.246Otariidæ, ii.203Procyonidæ, ii.201Quadrumana, ii.178Rallidæ, ii.252Rhinocerotidæ, ii.213Sciuridæ, ii.236Seals, ii.204Sirenia, ii.210Struthionidæ, ii.369Suidæ, ii.215Talpidæ, ii.190Tapirs, ii.212Tortoises, ii.410Tragulidæ, ii.218Tupaiidæ, ii.186Ursidæ, ii.202Viverridæ, ii.195Extinction of large animals, causes of, i. 158F.Falcinellus, ii.360Falco, ii.349FALCONIDÆ, ii.347FALCONINÆ, ii.349Falcons, ii.347Falculia, ii.228Falkland Islands, zoology of, ii.49Fanged ground-snakes, ii.380Farancia, ii.377Fauna of Japan, general character and affinities of, i. 230of Palæarctic region, general conclusions as to, i. 231extinct, of Madagascar and Mascarene Islands, i. 282Malayan, probable origin of, i. 359Moluccan, peculiarities of, i. 419Timorese, origin of, i. 422of Celebes, origin of, i. 436of New Zealand, origin of, i. 460of Galapagos, origin of, ii.33of Central America, origin of, ii.57of Antilles, origin of, ii.78of Neotropical region, origin of, ii.80FELIDÆ, ii.192Felis, Miocene of Greece, i. 115European Miocene, i. 118Indian Miocene, i. 121N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 129in Brazilian caves, i. 144ii.193Felis spelæa, i. 110Feniseca, ii.477Fennecus, ii.197Ferania, ii.376Fernando Po, zoological features of, i. 265Feroculus, ii.191Fiber, ii.230Figulus, ii.493Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa Islands, birds of, i. 443Finches, ii.283FIROLIDÆ, ii.531Fishes, means of dispersal of, i. 29classification of, i. 101cosmopolitan groups of, i. 176of the Palæarctic region, i. 186of the European sub-region, i. 196of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205of the Manchurian sub-region, i. 227fresh-water, table of Palæarctic families of, i. 227of the Ethiopian region, i. 255of South Africa, i. 268fresh-water, table of Ethiopian families of, i. 298fresh-water, of the Oriental region, i. 318of the Indo-Malay sub-region, i. 341fresh-water, table of Oriental families of i. 369fresh-water, of the Australian region, i. 397fresh-water, resemblance of Australian and S. American, i. 400how the transmission may have taken place, i. 401fresh-water, of New Zealand, i. 457fresh-water, table of Neotropical families of, ii.89of Central N. America, ii.131of Eastern United States, ii.134of Canada, ii.137fresh-water, table of Nearctic families of, ii.143remarks on the distribution of, ii.464fossil, ii.466Fishing-hawks, ii.349FISSURELLIDÆ, ii.511FISTULARIDÆ, ii.436Fitzroya, ii.450Flamingoes, European Miocene, i. 162ii.361Flora, of New Zealand, as influenced by scarcity of insects, i. 462fossil of Australia, i. 467Floras, cretaceous and tertiary, of North America, ii.155Florisuga, ii.107Flower-peckers, ii.277Flower, Professor, on classification of mammalia, i. 85classification of carnivora, i. 87Fluvicola, ii.100Flycatchers, ii.270Flying Lemur, Malayan, figure of, i. 337ii.186Flying Lizards, ii.401Flying Opossum, figure of, i. 442Fordonia, ii.376Forests, essential to existence of many European animals, i. 192Siberian, greatest extent of, i. 216FORMICARIIDÆ, ii.297FORMICARIINÆ, ii.298Formicarius, ii.104Formicivora, ii.104FORMICIVORINÆ, ii.297Formosa, zoology of, i. 332Fossa, ii.195Foudia, ii.286Francolinus, ii.338Fraseria, ii.272Fratercula, ii.367Fregetta, ii.365Fregilupus, ii.288Fregilus, ii.274Fresh-water fishes, Neotropical, ii.12of S. Temperate America, ii.42of the Mexican sub-region, ii.54of the Antilles, ii.73of the Nearctic region, ii.120of California, ii.128summary and conclusion, ii.549Fresh-water mussels, ii.534shell, the most Arctic, ii.518snakes, ii.376snails, ii.518Fringilla, ii.283Fringillaria, ii.285Fringillauda, ii.282FRINGILLIDÆ, ii.284Frog-mouths, ii.318Frogs, ii.420Fulica, ii.352Fuligula, ii.364Fulmarus, ii.365Fundulus, ii.450FURNARIINÆ, ii.295Furnarius, ii.103Fusus, ii.507G.GADIDÆ, ii.439GADOPSIDÆ, ii.439Gadus, ii.439Galago, ii.177Galapagos, scarcity of insects in, i. 463Galapagos islands, ii.29mammalia of, ii.29birds of, ii.30reptiles of, ii.32insects of, ii.33land-shells of, ii.33conclusions as to the origin of their fauna, ii.33Galatea, ii.536Galaxias, ii.448GALAXIDÆ, ii.448Galbalcyrhynchus, ii.311Galbula, ii.311GALBULIDÆ, ii.311Galecynus, in European Pliocene, i. 112ii.198Galeichthys, ii.443GALEOPITHECIDÆ, ii.186Galeoscoptes, ii.256Galeospalax, European Miocene, i. 118ii.190Galeotherium, Post-Pliocene, i. 111Galera, N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130Galerella, ii.195Galerita, ii.289ii.490Galerix, ii.188Galethylax, European Eocene, i. 125ii.198Galeus, ii.460Galictis, in Brazilian caves, i. 144ii.199Galidia, ii.195Galidictis, ii.195Gallinæ, classification of, i. 96range of Palæarctic genera of, i. 248range of Ethiopian genera of, i. 311range of Oriental genera of, i. 384range of Australian genera of, i. 485GALLINÆ, ii.337ii.340general remarks on the distribution of, ii.344Gallinago, ii.353Gallinula, ii.352Gallus, Miocene of Greece, i. 116ii.340Gallus bravardi, European Pliocene, i. 161Galogale, ii.195Gambusia, ii.450Gampsonyx, ii.349Gampsorhynchus, ii.261Gannets, ii.365GANOIDEI, ii.458Gape-eyed Scinks, ii.395Gar-fish, ii.459Garrod, Professor, on the Classification of Parrots, ii.324Garrulax, ii.261Garrulus, ii.273GASTEROPODA, ii.507GASTEROSTEIDÆ, ii.424Gasterosteus, ii.424Gastornis, European Eocene, i. 163GASTROCHÆNIDÆ, ii.537Gastropelecus, ii.445GAVIALIDÆ, ii.405Gavialis, ii.405Gavials, ii.405Gazella, ii.223GAZELLINÆ, ii.223Gazera, ii.481Gecinulus, ii.303Gecinus, ii.303Gecko, ii.399GECKOTIDÆ, ii.399Geese, ii.363Gehyra, ii.400Genera common to Post-Pliocene and Pliocene faunas of N. America, i. 132Genetta, ii.195Genidens, ii.443
Enhydrina, ii.384
Enhydrion, Indian Miocene, i. 121
ii.200
Enhydris, ii.199
Enicurus, ii.263
Enispe, ii.472
Enodes, ii.288
Enophrys, ii.375
Ensophleus, ii.420
Entelopes, ii.501
Entomiza, ii.276
Entomophila, ii.275
Enygrus, ii.381
Eobasileus, N. American Eocene, i. 139
Eocene period, i. 124
fauna of S. America, i. 148
Eophona, ii.284
Eopsaltria, ii.271
Eos, ii.327
Epalzeorhynchus, ii.451
Ephemera, from the Lias, i. 167
Ephthianura, ii.260
Epicalia, ii.474
Epicrates, ii.381
EPIMACHINÆ, ii.275
Epimachus, ii.275
Epiodon, ii.208
Epirhixis, ii.419
Epitola, ii.477
Eporeodon, N. American Tertiary, i. 138
EQUIDÆ, ii.211
Equidæ, European Pliocene, i. 112
Miocene of Greece, i. 115
European Eocene, i. 125
Equus, European Pliocene, i. 112
Post-Pliocene, i. 112
Indian Miocene, i. 121
N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130
N. American Tertiary, i. 135
Brazilian caves, i. 144
S. American Pliocene, i. 146
ii.211
Erebia, ii.471
Eremias, ii.391
Eremomela, ii.258
Eremophilus, ii.444
Ereptodon, N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130
Eresia, ii.474
Erethistes, ii.444
Erethizon, ii.239
Ereunetes, ii.353
Ergaticus, ii.279
Ergolis, ii.474
Ericulus, ii.188
Ericymba, ii.452
ERINACEIDÆ, ii.187
Erinaceus, European Miocene, i. 117
ii.187
Eriocnemis, ii.109
Eriodes, ii.174
Erismatura, ii.364
Erithacus, ii.259
Eroessa, ii.258
Eronia, ii.478
Erpornis, ii.267
ERYCIDÆ, ii.381
ERYCINIDÆ, ii.476
Erynnis, ii.480
Erythrinus, ii.445
Erythrocercus, ii.270
Erythrocnema, ii.347
Erythrogonys, ii.356
Erythrolampus, ii.375
Erythromachusof Rodriguez, i. 164
ii.352
Erythrospiza, ii.285
Erythrosterna, ii.270
Erythrura, ii.387
Eryx, ii.382
ESOCIDÆ, ii.449
Esox, ii.449
Esthemopsis, ii.476
Esthonyx, N. American Eocene, i. 139
Estrilda, ii.286
Etheria, ii.534
Ethiopian region should not include any part of India, i. 63
defined, i. 73
subdivisions of, i. 73
general features of, i. 251
zoological characteristics of, i. 252
mammalia of, i. 253
great speciality of, i. 253
birds of, i. 253
reptiles of, i. 254
amphibia of, i. 255
fresh-water fish of, i. 255
summary of vertebrates of, i. 255
insects of, i. 255
coleoptera of, i. 256
terrestrial mollusca of, i. 257
sub-regions of, i. 258
Atlantic islands of, i. 269
the probable past history of, i. 285
tables of distribution of animals of, i. 293
Euanemus, ii.443
Eubagis, ii.474
Eucephala, ii.109
Euchætes, ii.98
Eucometis, ii.99
Euchromia, ii.481
Eucichla, ii.298
Euclyptosternum, ii.443
Eudromias, ii.356
Eudynamis, ii.310
Eudyptes, ii.366
Eueides, ii.473
Eugenes, ii.107
Eugenia, ii.107
Euhyrax, ii.229
Eulabeornis, ii.352
Eulabes, ii.287
Eulampis, ii.107
Eumæus, ii.477
Eumeces, ii.397
Eumetopias, ii.203
Eumomota, ii.313
Eumys, N. American Tertiary, i. 140
ii.231
Eumyias, ii.270
Eunectes, ii.381
Eunica, ii.474
Eunogyra, ii.475
Eupetes, ii.263
Eupetomena, ii.107
Euphema, ii.325
Eupherusa, ii.109
Euphonia, ii.98
Euphractus, S. American Pliocene, i. 147
Euphryne, ii.401
Euphysetes, ii.208
Eupleres, ii.195
Euplœa, ii.470
EUPLOCAMINÆ, ii.340
Euplocamus, ii.340
Eupodotis, ii.356
Euprepes, ii.397
Eupsychortyx, ii.339
Euptilotis, ii.314
Euptychia, ii.471
Eurinorhynchus, ii.353
Eurocephalus, ii.272
Europe, recent changes in physical geography of, i. 39
Miocene fauna of Central, i. 117
Miocene fauna of, allied to existing fauna of tropical Asia and Africa, i. 124
European sub-region, description of, i. 191
forests of, i. 192
mammalia of, i. 192
birds of, i. 193
reptiles and amphibia of, i. 195
fresh-water fish of, i. 196
insects of, i. 196
islands of, i. 197
Eurostopodus, ii.320
Euryades, ii.479
Euryapteryx, ii.370
Euryarthrium, ii.501
Eurybia, ii.475
Euryceros of Madagascar, figure of, i. 278
Euryceros, ii.288
Eurycus, ii.479
Eurygona, ii.476
EURYGONIDÆ, ii.476
EURYLÆMIDÆ, ii.294
Eurylæmus, ii.295
Euryodon, in Brazilian caves, i. 145
ii.246
Euryphene, ii.474
Eurypyga, ii.358
EURYPYGIDÆ, ii.358
Eurystomus, ii.312
Eurytela, ii.474
Eurytherium, European Eocene, i. 126
Eurytrichus, ii.490
Euscarthmus, ii.101
Euschemon, ii.480
ii.481
Eusemia, ii.482
Euspiza, ii.285
Eustephanus, ii.108
Eustira, ii.453
Eutatus, S. American Pliocene, i. 147
ii.246
Eutelodon, European Eocene, i. 126
Eutemnodus, S. American Eocene, i. 148
Euterpe, ii.285
Euthyrhynchus, ii.276
Eutoxeres, ii.107
Eutriorchis, ii.348
Eutropia, ii.209
Eutropiichthys, ii.441
Eutropius, ii.442
Eutroplus, ii.438
Exocetus, ii.449
Exoglossum, ii.452
Exostoma, ii.444
Extinct mammalian fauna of Europe, general considerations on, i. 126
mammalia of N. America and Europe, comparison of, i. 140
mammalia of the Antilles, i. 148
mammalia of the Old and New Worlds, general remarks on, i. 148
fauna of New Zealand, i. 459
Amphibia, ii.423
Ant-eaters, ii.247
Armadillos, ii.246
Bovidæ, ii.225
Bradypodidæ, ii.245
Camelidæ, ii.217
Camelopardalidæ, ii.221
Canidæ, ii.197
Castoridæ, ii.234
Caviidæ, ii.241
Centetidæ, ii.189
Cercolabidæ, ii.240
Cetacea, ii.209
Chinchillidæ, ii.237
Chiroptera, ii.185
Crocodiles, ii.407
Deer, ii.220
Didelphyidæ, ii.249
Dipodidæ, ii.232
Echidnidæ, ii.254
Echimyidæ, ii.239
Elephants, ii.227
Equidæ, ii.211
Erinaceidæ, ii.188
Felidæ, ii.193
Hippopotami, ii.214
Hyænas, ii.196
Hystricidæ, ii.240
Insectivora, ii.192
Lacertilia, ii.404
Lagomyidæ, ii.242
Leporidæ, ii.243
Macropodidæ, ii.251
Muridæ, ii.230
Mustelidæ, ii.199
Myoxidæ, ii.232
Octodontidæ, ii.238
Ophidia, ii.387
Orycteropodidæ, ii.246
Otariidæ, ii.203
Procyonidæ, ii.201
Quadrumana, ii.178
Rallidæ, ii.252
Rhinocerotidæ, ii.213
Sciuridæ, ii.236
Seals, ii.204
Sirenia, ii.210
Struthionidæ, ii.369
Suidæ, ii.215
Talpidæ, ii.190
Tapirs, ii.212
Tortoises, ii.410
Tragulidæ, ii.218
Tupaiidæ, ii.186
Ursidæ, ii.202
Viverridæ, ii.195
Extinction of large animals, causes of, i. 158
F.
Falcinellus, ii.360
Falco, ii.349
FALCONIDÆ, ii.347
FALCONINÆ, ii.349
Falcons, ii.347
Falculia, ii.228
Falkland Islands, zoology of, ii.49
Fanged ground-snakes, ii.380
Farancia, ii.377
Fauna of Japan, general character and affinities of, i. 230
of Palæarctic region, general conclusions as to, i. 231
extinct, of Madagascar and Mascarene Islands, i. 282
Malayan, probable origin of, i. 359
Moluccan, peculiarities of, i. 419
Timorese, origin of, i. 422
of Celebes, origin of, i. 436
of New Zealand, origin of, i. 460
of Galapagos, origin of, ii.33
of Central America, origin of, ii.57
of Antilles, origin of, ii.78
of Neotropical region, origin of, ii.80
FELIDÆ, ii.192
Felis, Miocene of Greece, i. 115
European Miocene, i. 118
Indian Miocene, i. 121
N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 129
in Brazilian caves, i. 144
ii.193
Felis spelæa, i. 110
Feniseca, ii.477
Fennecus, ii.197
Ferania, ii.376
Fernando Po, zoological features of, i. 265
Feroculus, ii.191
Fiber, ii.230
Figulus, ii.493
Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa Islands, birds of, i. 443
Finches, ii.283
FIROLIDÆ, ii.531
Fishes, means of dispersal of, i. 29
classification of, i. 101
cosmopolitan groups of, i. 176
of the Palæarctic region, i. 186
of the European sub-region, i. 196
of the Mediterranean sub-region, i. 205
of the Manchurian sub-region, i. 227
fresh-water, table of Palæarctic families of, i. 227
of the Ethiopian region, i. 255
of South Africa, i. 268
fresh-water, table of Ethiopian families of, i. 298
fresh-water, of the Oriental region, i. 318
of the Indo-Malay sub-region, i. 341
fresh-water, table of Oriental families of i. 369
fresh-water, of the Australian region, i. 397
fresh-water, resemblance of Australian and S. American, i. 400
how the transmission may have taken place, i. 401
fresh-water, of New Zealand, i. 457
fresh-water, table of Neotropical families of, ii.89
of Central N. America, ii.131
of Eastern United States, ii.134
of Canada, ii.137
fresh-water, table of Nearctic families of, ii.143
remarks on the distribution of, ii.464
fossil, ii.466
Fishing-hawks, ii.349
FISSURELLIDÆ, ii.511
FISTULARIDÆ, ii.436
Fitzroya, ii.450
Flamingoes, European Miocene, i. 162
ii.361
Flora, of New Zealand, as influenced by scarcity of insects, i. 462
fossil of Australia, i. 467
Floras, cretaceous and tertiary, of North America, ii.155
Florisuga, ii.107
Flower-peckers, ii.277
Flower, Professor, on classification of mammalia, i. 85
classification of carnivora, i. 87
Fluvicola, ii.100
Flycatchers, ii.270
Flying Lemur, Malayan, figure of, i. 337
ii.186
Flying Lizards, ii.401
Flying Opossum, figure of, i. 442
Fordonia, ii.376
Forests, essential to existence of many European animals, i. 192
Siberian, greatest extent of, i. 216
FORMICARIIDÆ, ii.297
FORMICARIINÆ, ii.298
Formicarius, ii.104
Formicivora, ii.104
FORMICIVORINÆ, ii.297
Formosa, zoology of, i. 332
Fossa, ii.195
Foudia, ii.286
Francolinus, ii.338
Fraseria, ii.272
Fratercula, ii.367
Fregetta, ii.365
Fregilupus, ii.288
Fregilus, ii.274
Fresh-water fishes, Neotropical, ii.12
of S. Temperate America, ii.42
of the Mexican sub-region, ii.54
of the Antilles, ii.73
of the Nearctic region, ii.120
of California, ii.128
summary and conclusion, ii.549
Fresh-water mussels, ii.534
shell, the most Arctic, ii.518
snakes, ii.376
snails, ii.518
Fringilla, ii.283
Fringillaria, ii.285
Fringillauda, ii.282
FRINGILLIDÆ, ii.284
Frog-mouths, ii.318
Frogs, ii.420
Fulica, ii.352
Fuligula, ii.364
Fulmarus, ii.365
Fundulus, ii.450
FURNARIINÆ, ii.295
Furnarius, ii.103
Fusus, ii.507
G.
GADIDÆ, ii.439
GADOPSIDÆ, ii.439
Gadus, ii.439
Galago, ii.177
Galapagos, scarcity of insects in, i. 463
Galapagos islands, ii.29
mammalia of, ii.29
birds of, ii.30
reptiles of, ii.32
insects of, ii.33
land-shells of, ii.33
conclusions as to the origin of their fauna, ii.33
Galatea, ii.536
Galaxias, ii.448
GALAXIDÆ, ii.448
Galbalcyrhynchus, ii.311
Galbula, ii.311
GALBULIDÆ, ii.311
Galecynus, in European Pliocene, i. 112
ii.198
Galeichthys, ii.443
GALEOPITHECIDÆ, ii.186
Galeoscoptes, ii.256
Galeospalax, European Miocene, i. 118
ii.190
Galeotherium, Post-Pliocene, i. 111
Galera, N. American Post-Pliocene, i. 130
Galerella, ii.195
Galerita, ii.289
ii.490
Galerix, ii.188
Galethylax, European Eocene, i. 125
ii.198
Galeus, ii.460
Galictis, in Brazilian caves, i. 144
ii.199
Galidia, ii.195
Galidictis, ii.195
Gallinæ, classification of, i. 96
range of Palæarctic genera of, i. 248
range of Ethiopian genera of, i. 311
range of Oriental genera of, i. 384
range of Australian genera of, i. 485
GALLINÆ, ii.337
ii.340
general remarks on the distribution of, ii.344
Gallinago, ii.353
Gallinula, ii.352
Gallus, Miocene of Greece, i. 116
ii.340
Gallus bravardi, European Pliocene, i. 161
Galogale, ii.195
Gambusia, ii.450
Gampsonyx, ii.349
Gampsorhynchus, ii.261
Gannets, ii.365
GANOIDEI, ii.458
Gape-eyed Scinks, ii.395
Gar-fish, ii.459
Garrod, Professor, on the Classification of Parrots, ii.324
Garrulax, ii.261
Garrulus, ii.273
GASTEROPODA, ii.507
GASTEROSTEIDÆ, ii.424
Gasterosteus, ii.424
Gastornis, European Eocene, i. 163
GASTROCHÆNIDÆ, ii.537
Gastropelecus, ii.445
GAVIALIDÆ, ii.405
Gavialis, ii.405
Gavials, ii.405
Gazella, ii.223
GAZELLINÆ, ii.223
Gazera, ii.481
Gecinulus, ii.303
Gecinus, ii.303
Gecko, ii.399
GECKOTIDÆ, ii.399
Geese, ii.363
Gehyra, ii.400
Genera common to Post-Pliocene and Pliocene faunas of N. America, i. 132
Genetta, ii.195
Genidens, ii.443