769Saint Honorat.
769Saint Honorat.
770Ischia.
770Ischia.
771Procida.
771Procida.
772Capri.
772Capri.
773A small island off the Capo della Licosa.
773A small island off the Capo della Licosa.
774The western side.
774The western side.
775Majorca and Minorca.
775Majorca and Minorca.
776Iviça.
776Iviça.
777The island of Pantalaria.
777The island of Pantalaria.
778Al Djamur, at the entrance of the Gulf of Tunis.
778Al Djamur, at the entrance of the Gulf of Tunis.
779The Strait of Messina, and the strait separating Sicily and Cape Bona on the African coast.
779The Strait of Messina, and the strait separating Sicily and Cape Bona on the African coast.
780Of which Cyrene, now Curen, was the capital.
780Of which Cyrene, now Curen, was the capital.
781The Gulf of Cabes.
781The Gulf of Cabes.
782The Island of Gerbi.
782The Island of Gerbi.
783The Island of Kerkeni.
783The Island of Kerkeni.
784Sidra, or Zalscho.
784Sidra, or Zalscho.
785Hesperides is the same city which the sovereigns of Alexandria afterwards called Berenice. It is the modern Bernic or Bengazi.
785Hesperides is the same city which the sovereigns of Alexandria afterwards called Berenice. It is the modern Bernic or Bengazi.
786Automala appears to have been situated on the most northern point of the Greater Syrtes, on the confines of a small gulf, near to a place called Tine, or the Marsh.
786Automala appears to have been situated on the most northern point of the Greater Syrtes, on the confines of a small gulf, near to a place called Tine, or the Marsh.
787Now Reggio, on the Strait of Messina, which was also sometimes called the Strait of Rhegium.
787Now Reggio, on the Strait of Messina, which was also sometimes called the Strait of Rhegium.
788These were the Epizephyrian Locrians, or dwellers near the promontory of Zephyrium. They were situated towards the extremity of Italy, near Rhegium. Traces of their city are seen at Motta di Bourzano on the eastern coast of Ulterior Calabria.
788These were the Epizephyrian Locrians, or dwellers near the promontory of Zephyrium. They were situated towards the extremity of Italy, near Rhegium. Traces of their city are seen at Motta di Bourzano on the eastern coast of Ulterior Calabria.
789Messina.
789Messina.
790Syragusa.
790Syragusa.
791Cape Passaro.
791Cape Passaro.
792The Gulf of Lepanto.
792The Gulf of Lepanto.
793Cape Leuca or Finisterre.
793Cape Leuca or Finisterre.
794The lower part of the Adriatic was designated the Ionian Gulf.
794The lower part of the Adriatic was designated the Ionian Gulf.
795The portion of Greece opposite Corfu.
795The portion of Greece opposite Corfu.
796The Gulf of Arta.
796The Gulf of Arta.
797The Gulf of Venice.
797The Gulf of Venice.
798The Islands of Cherso and Ossero.
798The Islands of Cherso and Ossero.
799Apparently the Curicta of Pliny and Ptolemy, corresponding to the island of Veglia.
799Apparently the Curicta of Pliny and Ptolemy, corresponding to the island of Veglia.
800The Libyrnides are the islands of Arbo, Pago, Isola Longa, Coronata, &c., which border the coasts of ancient Liburnia, now Murlaka.
800The Libyrnides are the islands of Arbo, Pago, Isola Longa, Coronata, &c., which border the coasts of ancient Liburnia, now Murlaka.
801Lissa.
801Lissa.
802The Island of Traw.
802The Island of Traw.
803Curzola.
803Curzola.
804Lesina.
804Lesina.
805The Islands of Tremiti.
805The Islands of Tremiti.
806From Cape Pachynus or Passaro to Cape Krio, the ancient Criu-metopon, on the western extremity of the Island of Crete, measures 4516 stadia of 700 to a degree.
806From Cape Pachynus or Passaro to Cape Krio, the ancient Criu-metopon, on the western extremity of the Island of Crete, measures 4516 stadia of 700 to a degree.
807Corfu.
807Corfu.
808Sibota, Sajades; certain small islands between Epirus and Corcyra.
808Sibota, Sajades; certain small islands between Epirus and Corcyra.
809Cefalonia.
809Cefalonia.
810Zante.
810Zante.
811The Curzolari Islands at the mouth of the Aspro-Potamo.
811The Curzolari Islands at the mouth of the Aspro-Potamo.
812The Gulf of Engia.
812The Gulf of Engia.
813A district of the Peloponnesus.
813A district of the Peloponnesus.
814A part of the modern Livadia.
814A part of the modern Livadia.
815Cerigo.
815Cerigo.
816Poro, or Poros, near the little Island of Damala, and connected to it by a sand-bank.
816Poro, or Poros, near the little Island of Damala, and connected to it by a sand-bank.
817Egina or Engia.
817Egina or Engia.
818Koluri.
818Koluri.
819Islands surrounding Delos.
819Islands surrounding Delos.
820Egio-Pelago.
820Egio-Pelago.
821The Gulf of Saros.
821The Gulf of Saros.
822The Dardanelles.
822The Dardanelles.
823The sea surrounding the Islands of Icaria and Carpathos, now Nikaria and Scarpanto.
823The sea surrounding the Islands of Icaria and Carpathos, now Nikaria and Scarpanto.
824Stanko.
824Stanko.
825Samo.
825Samo.
826Skio.
826Skio.
827Mytileni.
827Mytileni.
828Tenedo.
828Tenedo.
829Egripo, or Negropont.
829Egripo, or Negropont.
830Skyro.
830Skyro.
831Probably Piperi; others suppose it to be Skopelo or Pelagonesi.
831Probably Piperi; others suppose it to be Skopelo or Pelagonesi.
832Stalimene.
832Stalimene.
833Thaso.
833Thaso.
834Imbro.
834Imbro.
835Samothraki.
835Samothraki.
836The distance from the southern coast of Crete to the northern shores of the Ægæan is just 4200 stadia, or 120 marine leagues.
836The distance from the southern coast of Crete to the northern shores of the Ægæan is just 4200 stadia, or 120 marine leagues.
837This is just the distance from Cape Colonna to Rhodes.
837This is just the distance from Cape Colonna to Rhodes.
838Cape Colonna.
838Cape Colonna.
839The Gulf of Saloniki.
839The Gulf of Saloniki.
840Those of Kassandra, Monte-Santo, and Contessa.
840Those of Kassandra, Monte-Santo, and Contessa.
841The peninsula of Gallipoli.
841The peninsula of Gallipoli.
842Semenik, or according to others, Jalowa.
842Semenik, or according to others, Jalowa.
843Maïto, or according to others, Avido.
843Maïto, or according to others, Avido.
844Sea of Marmora.
844Sea of Marmora.
845Karadje-Burun, the southern point of the Crimea.
845Karadje-Burun, the southern point of the Crimea.
846Kerempi-Burun.
846Kerempi-Burun.
847We should here read 1500 stadia. See French Translation, vol. i. p. 344, n. 3.
847We should here read 1500 stadia. See French Translation, vol. i. p. 344, n. 3.
848The Euxine.
848The Euxine.
849Also called the Island of Achilles, and the Island of the Blessed, now Ilan-Adassi.
849Also called the Island of Achilles, and the Island of the Blessed, now Ilan-Adassi.
850The Strait of Zabache.
850The Strait of Zabache.
851The Sea of Marmora.
851The Sea of Marmora.
852The Island of Cyzicus was joined to the mainland by Alexander, and thus formed a peninsula, notwithstanding Strabo describes it as an island. Its present name is Artaki.
852The Island of Cyzicus was joined to the mainland by Alexander, and thus formed a peninsula, notwithstanding Strabo describes it as an island. Its present name is Artaki.
853The extent of the Ægæan amongst the ancients was the same as the Egio-Pelago, or Archipelago, with us. It was comprehended between the southern coasts of Crete, the western coasts of Peloponnesus, the southern coasts of Macedonia and Thrace, and the western borders of Asia Minor. Strabo however, in his description, seems to comprise under the name of the Ægæan not only those parts of the Mediterranean south of the meridian of Cape Matapan, but also the Propontis and the Euxine, as far as the mouth of the river Halys, now Kizil-Irmak. In this however he seems to be unique.
853The extent of the Ægæan amongst the ancients was the same as the Egio-Pelago, or Archipelago, with us. It was comprehended between the southern coasts of Crete, the western coasts of Peloponnesus, the southern coasts of Macedonia and Thrace, and the western borders of Asia Minor. Strabo however, in his description, seems to comprise under the name of the Ægæan not only those parts of the Mediterranean south of the meridian of Cape Matapan, but also the Propontis and the Euxine, as far as the mouth of the river Halys, now Kizil-Irmak. In this however he seems to be unique.
854This is just the distance, says Gosselin, from the northern part of Rhodes to Alexandria, but the route, instead of being from north to south, as supposed by the ancients, is S. S. W.
854This is just the distance, says Gosselin, from the northern part of Rhodes to Alexandria, but the route, instead of being from north to south, as supposed by the ancients, is S. S. W.
855Tarsous.
855Tarsous.
856Samsoun.
856Samsoun.
857Themiscyra, a town of Cappadocia at the mouth of the Thermodon, (now the Termeh,) belonging to the kingdom of the Amazons. The territories around it bore the same name. The plain is now comprehended in the modern Djanik.
857Themiscyra, a town of Cappadocia at the mouth of the Thermodon, (now the Termeh,) belonging to the kingdom of the Amazons. The territories around it bore the same name. The plain is now comprehended in the modern Djanik.
858Kizil-Irmak.
858Kizil-Irmak.
859Lit.the before-mentioned parts of the sea on either side.
859Lit.the before-mentioned parts of the sea on either side.
860Asia Minor, or Anadoli.
860Asia Minor, or Anadoli.
861The Sidra of the moderns.
861The Sidra of the moderns.
862Iskouriah.
862Iskouriah.
863The Gulf of Aïas.
863The Gulf of Aïas.
864Samsoun.
864Samsoun.
865The ruins of this city are said to be called by the modern Greeks Φερνάκη or Πλατένα indiscriminately.
865The ruins of this city are said to be called by the modern Greeks Φερνάκη or Πλατένα indiscriminately.
866Dwellers in waggons, or huts fixed on wheels for the purpose of transportation from one pasturage to another, as necessity might require.
866Dwellers in waggons, or huts fixed on wheels for the purpose of transportation from one pasturage to another, as necessity might require.
867From Cape Gata in Granada to the borders of Asturias the distance is about 5000 stadia. But the greatest breadth of Spain is from Cape Gata to Cape Belem in Gallicia, which equals 5890 stadia of 700 to a degree.
867From Cape Gata in Granada to the borders of Asturias the distance is about 5000 stadia. But the greatest breadth of Spain is from Cape Gata to Cape Belem in Gallicia, which equals 5890 stadia of 700 to a degree.
868The Gulf of Lyon.
868The Gulf of Lyon.
869The Gulf of Aquitaine or Gascony.
869The Gulf of Aquitaine or Gascony.
870The Cevennes.
870The Cevennes.
871This ridge commences at the eastern part of the Pyrenees. Its ramifications extend to about Dijon.
871This ridge commences at the eastern part of the Pyrenees. Its ramifications extend to about Dijon.
872Genoa.
872Genoa.
873The Romans gave to the whole of this country, which was peopled by a race of Keltic extraction, the name of Cisalpine Gaul, because situated on this side the Alps, with respect to them. France was designated Transalpine Gaul.
873The Romans gave to the whole of this country, which was peopled by a race of Keltic extraction, the name of Cisalpine Gaul, because situated on this side the Alps, with respect to them. France was designated Transalpine Gaul.
874The Tyrrhenian or Tuscan Sea commenced about the mouth of the Arno, and extended as far as Naples. The Ligurian Sea is the Gulf of Genoa. The Ausonian Sea, afterwards called the Sea of Sicily, washes the southern parts of Italy. The Adriatic Gulf, is the Gulf of Venice.
874The Tyrrhenian or Tuscan Sea commenced about the mouth of the Arno, and extended as far as Naples. The Ligurian Sea is the Gulf of Genoa. The Ausonian Sea, afterwards called the Sea of Sicily, washes the southern parts of Italy. The Adriatic Gulf, is the Gulf of Venice.
875The Getæ inhabited Moldavia. The Tyrigetæ, or Getæ of Tyras or the Dniester, dwelt on the banks of that river. The Bastarnæ inhabited the Ukraine. The Sarmatians, or Sauromatians, extended along either bank of the Don and the environs of the Sea of Azof, the ancient Palus Mæotis.
875The Getæ inhabited Moldavia. The Tyrigetæ, or Getæ of Tyras or the Dniester, dwelt on the banks of that river. The Bastarnæ inhabited the Ukraine. The Sarmatians, or Sauromatians, extended along either bank of the Don and the environs of the Sea of Azof, the ancient Palus Mæotis.
876Thrace and Macedonia form part of the modern Roumelia: Illyria comprehended Dalmatia, Bosnia, Croatia, &c.
876Thrace and Macedonia form part of the modern Roumelia: Illyria comprehended Dalmatia, Bosnia, Croatia, &c.
877Cadiz.
877Cadiz.
878The Scilly Isles.
878The Scilly Isles.
879Majorca and Minorca.
879Majorca and Minorca.
880Iviça, Formentera, Spalmador, &c. They were called Phœnician Islands, because the Carthaginians had sent out a colony thither 160 years after the founding of their city.
880Iviça, Formentera, Spalmador, &c. They were called Phœnician Islands, because the Carthaginians had sent out a colony thither 160 years after the founding of their city.
881Namely all the islands of the Ionian and Ægæan Seas, from Corfu to the Dardanelles.
881Namely all the islands of the Ionian and Ægæan Seas, from Corfu to the Dardanelles.
882The Sea of Azof.
882The Sea of Azof.
883The Bay of Bengal.
883The Bay of Bengal.
884The North.
884The North.
885The Northern Ocean.
885The Northern Ocean.
886The south.
886The south.
887The Bay of Bengal.
887The Bay of Bengal.
888Sarmatian Mæotæ in the Greek text, but apparently incorrect.
888Sarmatian Mæotæ in the Greek text, but apparently incorrect.
889Inhabitants of Georgia.
889Inhabitants of Georgia.
890Inhabitants of Shirvan.
890Inhabitants of Shirvan.
891The Scythians here alluded to are the Tartars of Kuban; the Achæans and Zygi are the modern Ziketi; the Heniochi are the Abkazeti.
891The Scythians here alluded to are the Tartars of Kuban; the Achæans and Zygi are the modern Ziketi; the Heniochi are the Abkazeti.
892East of the Caspian.
892East of the Caspian.
893These Scythians are the Tartars of the Kharasm. The Hyrcanians are the inhabitants of Daghistan and the Corcan. The Parthians occupied the north of Khorasan; the Bactrians the country of Balk. The Sogdians inhabited Bukaria, where are Samarcand and the valley of Al-Sogd.
893These Scythians are the Tartars of the Kharasm. The Hyrcanians are the inhabitants of Daghistan and the Corcan. The Parthians occupied the north of Khorasan; the Bactrians the country of Balk. The Sogdians inhabited Bukaria, where are Samarcand and the valley of Al-Sogd.
894Mingrelia.
894Mingrelia.
895Cappadocia comprehended a portion of the modern Roum and Karamania between the Euphrates and the river Halys.
895Cappadocia comprehended a portion of the modern Roum and Karamania between the Euphrates and the river Halys.
896Under this name Strabo included a portion of the kingdom of Pontus and other small tribes as far as Colchis.
896Under this name Strabo included a portion of the kingdom of Pontus and other small tribes as far as Colchis.
897Now the Kizil-Irmak.
897Now the Kizil-Irmak.
898The northern and western portions of Phrygia.
898The northern and western portions of Phrygia.
899Probably an interpolation.
899Probably an interpolation.
900The mountaineers of Paropamisus were those who inhabited the mountains which separate Bactriana from India. The Parthians occupied the mountains north of the modern Khorasan. Under the name of Medians Strabo comprehends the various nations who inhabited the mountainous country between Parthia and Armenia. The Cilicians inhabited Aladeuli; the Lycaonian mountaineers the mountains which separate Karaman from Itch-iili; and the Pisidians the country of Hamid.
900The mountaineers of Paropamisus were those who inhabited the mountains which separate Bactriana from India. The Parthians occupied the mountains north of the modern Khorasan. Under the name of Medians Strabo comprehends the various nations who inhabited the mountainous country between Parthia and Armenia. The Cilicians inhabited Aladeuli; the Lycaonian mountaineers the mountains which separate Karaman from Itch-iili; and the Pisidians the country of Hamid.
901The Bay of Bengal.
901The Bay of Bengal.
902Ceylon.
902Ceylon.
903The Arians inhabited Sigistan and a part of modern Persia. Strabo gave the name of Arians to all the people who occupied the portions of Asia comprised between the Indus and Persia, and between the chain of the Taurus and Gedrosia and Carmania. In after-times the designation of Arians was restricted to the inhabitants of the modern Khorasan. Gedrosia is Mekran; Carmania yet preserves the name of Kerman.
903The Arians inhabited Sigistan and a part of modern Persia. Strabo gave the name of Arians to all the people who occupied the portions of Asia comprised between the Indus and Persia, and between the chain of the Taurus and Gedrosia and Carmania. In after-times the designation of Arians was restricted to the inhabitants of the modern Khorasan. Gedrosia is Mekran; Carmania yet preserves the name of Kerman.
904Ancient Persia is the modern province of Fars, Pars, or Paras; our Persia being much more extensive than the ancient country designated by the same name.
904Ancient Persia is the modern province of Fars, Pars, or Paras; our Persia being much more extensive than the ancient country designated by the same name.
905The Susians inhabited the modern Khosistan.
905The Susians inhabited the modern Khosistan.
906The Babylonians occupied the present Irak-Arabi.
906The Babylonians occupied the present Irak-Arabi.
907Now al-Djezira.
907Now al-Djezira.
908Viz. the Ethiopians occupying the territory from Syene to Abyssinia.
908Viz. the Ethiopians occupying the territory from Syene to Abyssinia.
909The Troglodyte Arabians.
909The Troglodyte Arabians.
910The Cilicians occupied the modern Itch-iili and Aladeuli; the Trachiotæ or mountaineers, the former of these countries.
910The Cilicians occupied the modern Itch-iili and Aladeuli; the Trachiotæ or mountaineers, the former of these countries.
911Pamphylia is the modern Tekieh.
911Pamphylia is the modern Tekieh.
912Or Oases, according to the common spelling.
912Or Oases, according to the common spelling.
913That is to say, from Tunis to Gibraltar. The Maurusians, called by the Latins Mauritanians, occupied the present Algiers and Fez.
913That is to say, from Tunis to Gibraltar. The Maurusians, called by the Latins Mauritanians, occupied the present Algiers and Fez.
914Probably asa-fœtida.
914Probably asa-fœtida.
915The Troglodytic extended along the western coast of the Arabian Gulf.
915The Troglodytic extended along the western coast of the Arabian Gulf.
916The Ichthyophagi of Gedrosia inhabited the barren coasts of Mekran.
916The Ichthyophagi of Gedrosia inhabited the barren coasts of Mekran.
917The term of Ethiopians was a generic name given by the Greeks and Romans to the most southern inhabitants of Africa they at any time happened to be acquainted with; consequently the position of this country frequently shifted.
917The term of Ethiopians was a generic name given by the Greeks and Romans to the most southern inhabitants of Africa they at any time happened to be acquainted with; consequently the position of this country frequently shifted.
918The Garamantæ inhabited the Kawan; Garama, their capital, is now named Gherma. The Pharusians and Nigritæ dwelt south of the present kingdom of Morocco.
918The Garamantæ inhabited the Kawan; Garama, their capital, is now named Gherma. The Pharusians and Nigritæ dwelt south of the present kingdom of Morocco.
919The Marmaridæ extended west from Egypt, as far as Catabathmus, near the present Cape Luco.
919The Marmaridæ extended west from Egypt, as far as Catabathmus, near the present Cape Luco.
920Viz. to the south and west.
920Viz. to the south and west.
921The Gulfs of Sydra and Cabes.
921The Gulfs of Sydra and Cabes.
922The Psylli and Nasamones inhabited the eastern parts of the present kingdom of Tripoli, above the Greater Syrtes and the desert of Barca.
922The Psylli and Nasamones inhabited the eastern parts of the present kingdom of Tripoli, above the Greater Syrtes and the desert of Barca.
923The Asbystæ were a people of Libya above Cyrene, where the temple of Ammon stood; Jupiter is sometimes called on that account Asbysteus.
923The Asbystæ were a people of Libya above Cyrene, where the temple of Ammon stood; Jupiter is sometimes called on that account Asbysteus.
924The Byzacii occupied the southern parts of the kingdom of Tunis.
924The Byzacii occupied the southern parts of the kingdom of Tunis.
925Greek, Nomades, or wandering shepherds, from which the Latins formed the name Numidæ. These people inhabited Algiers.
925Greek, Nomades, or wandering shepherds, from which the Latins formed the name Numidæ. These people inhabited Algiers.
926Carthage extended as far west as the promontory of Tretum, now Sebta-Ras or the Seven Heads. From thence the Masylies inhabited as far as Cape Carbon; and from thence the Masæsylii possessed the country as far as the river Molochath, now the Maluia, beyond which were the Maurusians extending to the Atlantic.
926Carthage extended as far west as the promontory of Tretum, now Sebta-Ras or the Seven Heads. From thence the Masylies inhabited as far as Cape Carbon; and from thence the Masæsylii possessed the country as far as the river Molochath, now the Maluia, beyond which were the Maurusians extending to the Atlantic.
927Numidae.
927Numidae.
928The climata are zones parallel to the equator. The ancients generally reckoned seven climata, which in the time of Hipparchus terminated at 48° 30′ 35″, where the longest day consisted of sixteen hours. He however multiplied these divisions and extended them farther towards the poles. It is a great pity that Strabo has not noted all of them.
928The climata are zones parallel to the equator. The ancients generally reckoned seven climata, which in the time of Hipparchus terminated at 48° 30′ 35″, where the longest day consisted of sixteen hours. He however multiplied these divisions and extended them farther towards the poles. It is a great pity that Strabo has not noted all of them.
929According to Strabo, 12° 34′ 17″.
929According to Strabo, 12° 34′ 17″.
930According to Strabo, 52° 25′ 42″.
930According to Strabo, 52° 25′ 42″.
931Now Gherri, on the banks of the Nile.
931Now Gherri, on the banks of the Nile.
932i. e. they are the most southern of those for whom, &c.
932i. e. they are the most southern of those for whom, &c.
933Bab-el-Mandeb, The Gate of Tears.
933Bab-el-Mandeb, The Gate of Tears.
934The east.
934The east.
935The west.
935The west.
936This passage proves that in Strabo’s opinion the continent of Africa did not extend so far south as the equator.
936This passage proves that in Strabo’s opinion the continent of Africa did not extend so far south as the equator.