2810Sizepoli.
2810Sizepoli.
2811Baltchik, near Kavarna.
2811Baltchik, near Kavarna.
2812Varna.
2812Varna.
2813Cape Emineh—in the English charts Emona, but there is no fixed system of spelling for names of places in this part of the world. Emineh is probably a corruption of Hæmus.
2813Cape Emineh—in the English charts Emona, but there is no fixed system of spelling for names of places in this part of the world. Emineh is probably a corruption of Hæmus.
2814Missemvria.
2814Missemvria.
2815Or Meneburgh, we should say. The Thracian was a language cognate with that of the Getæ; see Strabo, book vii. chap. iii. § 10; and the Getæ were Gothic. We have the Liber Aureus in the Moeso Gothic language still.
2815Or Meneburgh, we should say. The Thracian was a language cognate with that of the Getæ; see Strabo, book vii. chap. iii. § 10; and the Getæ were Gothic. We have the Liber Aureus in the Moeso Gothic language still.
2816Ahiolou.
2816Ahiolou.
2817Places no longer known.G.
2817Places no longer known.G.
2818In the English charts Kyanees. They do not correspond to the description here given. The well-known poetical name is Symplegades.
2818In the English charts Kyanees. They do not correspond to the description here given. The well-known poetical name is Symplegades.
2819In Italian, Pelamide, or Palamide, well known in the Mediterranean. It is not to be compared in size to the Thunny, but is much larger than the Mackerel, of a dark blue and streaked. Like the Thunny, it is migratory. Aristotle erroneously conjectures the Pelamide to be the young of the Thunny.
2819In Italian, Pelamide, or Palamide, well known in the Mediterranean. It is not to be compared in size to the Thunny, but is much larger than the Mackerel, of a dark blue and streaked. Like the Thunny, it is migratory. Aristotle erroneously conjectures the Pelamide to be the young of the Thunny.
2820The ancient Byzantium, there are grounds for believing, was marked by the present walls of the Seraglio. The enlarged city was founded by the emperor Constantine,A. D.328, who gave it his name, and made it the rival of Rome itself. It was taken from the Greeks in 1204, by the Venetians under Dandolo; retaken by the Greeks in 1261 under the emperor Michael Palæologus, and conquered by the Turks in 1453. The crescent found on some of the ancient Byzantine coins was adopted as a symbol by the Turks.
2820The ancient Byzantium, there are grounds for believing, was marked by the present walls of the Seraglio. The enlarged city was founded by the emperor Constantine,A. D.328, who gave it his name, and made it the rival of Rome itself. It was taken from the Greeks in 1204, by the Venetians under Dandolo; retaken by the Greeks in 1261 under the emperor Michael Palæologus, and conquered by the Turks in 1453. The crescent found on some of the ancient Byzantine coins was adopted as a symbol by the Turks.
2821B. C.1570. He was king of Argos.
2821B. C.1570. He was king of Argos.
2822The Peloponnesus, which before the arrival of Pelops was called Apia.
2822The Peloponnesus, which before the arrival of Pelops was called Apia.
2823Eumolpus took possession of EleusisB. C.1400. He is said to have there instituted the mysteries of Ceres.
2823Eumolpus took possession of EleusisB. C.1400. He is said to have there instituted the mysteries of Ceres.
2824Cadmus, son of Agenor, king of Tyre, arrived in BœotiaB. C.1550. The citadel of Thebes was named after him.
2824Cadmus, son of Agenor, king of Tyre, arrived in BœotiaB. C.1550. The citadel of Thebes was named after him.
2825Sues, Σύας, swine, in allusion to their ignorance.
2825Sues, Σύας, swine, in allusion to their ignorance.
2826There were two kings of Athens named Cecrops. The first of this name, first king of Attica and Bœotia, came from Egypt. Cecrops II. was the 7th, and Codrus the 17th and last king of Attica. Strabo informs us, b. x. c. i. § 3, that Œclus and Cothus were brothers of Ellops, who founded Ellopia in Eubœa, and gave the name to the whole island.
2826There were two kings of Athens named Cecrops. The first of this name, first king of Attica and Bœotia, came from Egypt. Cecrops II. was the 7th, and Codrus the 17th and last king of Attica. Strabo informs us, b. x. c. i. § 3, that Œclus and Cothus were brothers of Ellops, who founded Ellopia in Eubœa, and gave the name to the whole island.
2827B. v. c. ii. § 4.
2827B. v. c. ii. § 4.
2828The capture of Troy by Hercules. See Grote i. 388.
2828The capture of Troy by Hercules. See Grote i. 388.
2829B. C.168.
2829B. C.168.
2830Ipsala.
2830Ipsala.
2831Maritza.
2831Maritza.
2832D’Anville (Mesures Itineraires) conjectures the difference between Polybius and Strabo to arise from the Greek foot being less than the Roman foot in the ratio of 24 to 25; or 24 Roman stadia = 25 Greek stadia containing the same number of feet.
2832D’Anville (Mesures Itineraires) conjectures the difference between Polybius and Strabo to arise from the Greek foot being less than the Roman foot in the ratio of 24 to 25; or 24 Roman stadia = 25 Greek stadia containing the same number of feet.
2833Polina.
2833Polina.
2834Durazzo.
2834Durazzo.
2835Lago d’ Ochrida.
2835Lago d’ Ochrida.
2836Vodina.
2836Vodina.
2837The ruins of Pella are at a little distance on the east of the lake Tenidscheh.
2837The ruins of Pella are at a little distance on the east of the lake Tenidscheh.
2838Saloniki.
2838Saloniki.
2839Gulf of Arta.
2839Gulf of Arta.
2840Iemboli.
2840Iemboli.
2841Balkan applies to the whole mountainous range of Hæmus; Emineh to the part bordering on the Black Sea.
2841Balkan applies to the whole mountainous range of Hæmus; Emineh to the part bordering on the Black Sea.
2842Sea of Marmora.
2842Sea of Marmora.
2843Gulf of Saros.
2843Gulf of Saros.
2844Cape Colonna.
2844Cape Colonna.
2845Karasu, or Mesta.
2845Karasu, or Mesta.
2846The site of Dodona is unknown.
2846The site of Dodona is unknown.
2847Panormo.
2847Panormo.
2848Santi Quaranta.
2848Santi Quaranta.
2849Corfu.
2849Corfu.
2850Cassiopo.
2850Cassiopo.
2851Brindisi.
2851Brindisi.
2852Butrinto.
2852Butrinto.
2853Syvota.
2853Syvota.
2854C. Bianco.
2854C. Bianco.
2855The Thyamus, or Thyamis, is now called Glycys, and the Acheron, Calamas.
2855The Thyamus, or Thyamis, is now called Glycys, and the Acheron, Calamas.
2856Sopoto.
2856Sopoto.
2857Porto Fanari.
2857Porto Fanari.
2858The ruins of Nicopolis are to the north of Prevesa.
2858The ruins of Nicopolis are to the north of Prevesa.
2859Cæsar Augustus (then Cæsar Octavianus) obtained the celebrated victory of Actium over Marcus Antonius,B. C.31. The latter, after his defeat, fled into Egypt with Cleopatra. The battle would appear to have taken place at the entrance into the Gulf of Arta, and therefore probably off La Punta, opposite Prevesa, and not off the modern town of Azio.
2859Cæsar Augustus (then Cæsar Octavianus) obtained the celebrated victory of Actium over Marcus Antonius,B. C.31. The latter, after his defeat, fled into Egypt with Cleopatra. The battle would appear to have taken place at the entrance into the Gulf of Arta, and therefore probably off La Punta, opposite Prevesa, and not off the modern town of Azio.
2860In the Austrian map a ground-plan of the ruins of Nicopolis are given, at about one mile to the north of Prevesa.
2860In the Austrian map a ground-plan of the ruins of Nicopolis are given, at about one mile to the north of Prevesa.
2861The Gulf of Ambracia, and the rivers which flow into it, are much distorted in D’Anville. According to more modern maps, the Arathus is the most western of the streams which flow into the gulf, and the ancient city was situated at about 15 miles from the mouth. The Lorn (the Arathus); the Mauro Potamo or Glykys (the Acheron); the Zagura (the Selleis?) which falls into it; and the Tercino, which falls into the Kalamas, (the Thyamis or Thyamus,) all rise in the mountain ridge Olytkiza, about 10 miles to the west of Ianina.
2861The Gulf of Ambracia, and the rivers which flow into it, are much distorted in D’Anville. According to more modern maps, the Arathus is the most western of the streams which flow into the gulf, and the ancient city was situated at about 15 miles from the mouth. The Lorn (the Arathus); the Mauro Potamo or Glykys (the Acheron); the Zagura (the Selleis?) which falls into it; and the Tercino, which falls into the Kalamas, (the Thyamis or Thyamus,) all rise in the mountain ridge Olytkiza, about 10 miles to the west of Ianina.
2862Livy xxxviii. c. 3.
2862Livy xxxviii. c. 3.
2863Virg. Æn. iii. 280.
2863Virg. Æn. iii. 280.
2864Descendants of the seven chiefs who fought and perished before Thebes.
2864Descendants of the seven chiefs who fought and perished before Thebes.
2865These nations are mentioned by other authors; they were probably separated by the numerous mountain ridges to the west of Pindus. See below, § 9. But compare D’Anville and the Austrian military map.
2865These nations are mentioned by other authors; they were probably separated by the numerous mountain ridges to the west of Pindus. See below, § 9. But compare D’Anville and the Austrian military map.
2866Alcomenæ.
2866Alcomenæ.
2867Styberra,Polyb.; Stubera,Liv.; Stobera,Suid.
2867Styberra,Polyb.; Stubera,Liv.; Stobera,Suid.
2868Iliad, book xvi. 233.
2868Iliad, book xvi. 233.
2869ὑποφῆται.
2869ὑποφῆται.
2870τομοῦροι.
2870τομοῦροι.
2871Odys. xvi. 403.
2871Odys. xvi. 403.
2872τομούρους.
2872τομούρους.
2873θέμιστας.
2873θέμιστας.
2874βουλαί.
2874βουλαί.
2875τομούρους.
2875τομούρους.
2876τομαρούρους.
2876τομαρούρους.
2877βουλὴν.
2877βουλὴν.
2878ὑποφῆται.
2878ὑποφῆται.
2879προφῆται.
2879προφῆται.
2880The Fragments are collected from the Palatine (Epit.) and Vatican (E.) Epitomes; and, in the opinion of Kramer, much is not lost. By the diligence and research of Kramer, the former length of these Fragments is more than doubled; but for a more particular account of his labours, the reader is referred to his preface and notes.
2880The Fragments are collected from the Palatine (Epit.) and Vatican (E.) Epitomes; and, in the opinion of Kramer, much is not lost. By the diligence and research of Kramer, the former length of these Fragments is more than doubled; but for a more particular account of his labours, the reader is referred to his preface and notes.
2881This proverb is quoted in Plutarch’s Life of Lycurgus.
2881This proverb is quoted in Plutarch’s Life of Lycurgus.
2882Indesche Karasu.
2882Indesche Karasu.
2883Oxas.
2883Oxas.
2884Ipsala.
2884Ipsala.
2885The Maritza.
2885The Maritza.
2886Schar-dagh.
2886Schar-dagh.
2887Egrisou-dagh.
2887Egrisou-dagh.
2888Despoto-dagh.
2888Despoto-dagh.
2889Veliki-dagh.
2889Veliki-dagh.
2890Above Agios-Mamas, in the Bay of Cassandra.
2890Above Agios-Mamas, in the Bay of Cassandra.
2891The Gallico.
2891The Gallico.
2892Kramer quotes the following passage from Eustathius: “In the passage ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ, or αἶαν, (for there are two readings,) some have understood αἶαv not to mean the earth, but a spring, as is evident from the words of the geographer, where he says that the Amydon of Homer was afterwards called Abydos, but was razed. For there is a spring of clearest water near Amydon, called Æa, running into the Axius, which is itself turbid, in consequence of the numerous rivers which flow into it. There is, therefore, he says, an error in the quotation, Ἀξίου κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ, as it is clearly not the Axius which diffuses its water over the spring, but the contrary. The geographer rather intemperately finds fault with the supposition of αἶαν meaning the earth, and seems anxious to reject altogether this reading in the Homeric poem.”
2892Kramer quotes the following passage from Eustathius: “In the passage ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ, or αἶαν, (for there are two readings,) some have understood αἶαv not to mean the earth, but a spring, as is evident from the words of the geographer, where he says that the Amydon of Homer was afterwards called Abydos, but was razed. For there is a spring of clearest water near Amydon, called Æa, running into the Axius, which is itself turbid, in consequence of the numerous rivers which flow into it. There is, therefore, he says, an error in the quotation, Ἀξίου κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ, as it is clearly not the Axius which diffuses its water over the spring, but the contrary. The geographer rather intemperately finds fault with the supposition of αἶαν meaning the earth, and seems anxious to reject altogether this reading in the Homeric poem.”
2893Buræus.
2893Buræus.
2894Gulf of Salonica.
2894Gulf of Salonica.
2895Cape Pailuri.
2895Cape Pailuri.
2896The ruins of Potidæa, or Cassandria, are near Pinako.
2896The ruins of Potidæa, or Cassandria, are near Pinako.
2897Karafaja.
2897Karafaja.
2898Monte Santo.
2898Monte Santo.
2899Gulf of Zeitun.
2899Gulf of Zeitun.
2900G. of Volo.
2900G. of Volo.
2901G. of Salonica.
2901G. of Salonica.
2902G. of Cassandra.
2902G. of Cassandra.
2903G. of Monte Santo.
2903G. of Monte Santo.
2904G. of Orfano.
2904G. of Orfano.
2905Cape Stauros.
2905Cape Stauros.
2906C. Demitri.
2906C. Demitri.
2907C. Pailuri.
2907C. Pailuri.
2908C. Drepano.
2908C. Drepano.
2909C. St. George.
2909C. St. George.
2910C. Monte Santo.
2910C. Monte Santo.
2911Kavala.
2911Kavala.
2912Δάτον ἀγαθῶν. Ἀγαθῶν ἀγαθίδες.
2912Δάτον ἀγαθῶν. Ἀγαθῶν ἀγαθίδες.
2913This extract should be numbered 42, and not 43. As the error in Kramer continues to the end of the book, it has not been corrected.
2913This extract should be numbered 42, and not 43. As the error in Kramer continues to the end of the book, it has not been corrected.
2914Gulf of Saros.
2914Gulf of Saros.
2915Kavaktshai.
2915Kavaktshai.