1The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 93–100.2A point and settlement on the north bank of the Mindanao River and at its mouth.3A careful review of Ronquillo’s reports and letters on his pacification of Mindanao shows an evident error in the use of the word Bwayan to signify the settlement or stronghold of the Sultan of Magindanao. Bwayan here, and probably in Figueroa’s report, too, is used in place of Magindanao, which lay on the site occupied at present by Kotabato. Bwisan was then the Sultan of Magindanao and headed the opposition to Ronquillo’s advance up the north branch of the Mindanao River. Sirungan, who is mentioned in this report, might have been a datu or subdatu of Magindanao, not necessarily Sirungan, the Raja of Bwayan.4The correct name is Sirungan.5Cachil or Kachil is a Malay word signifying “little” or “young,” hence a youth of distinction or a younger prince of the royal line.6A tributary of the Mindanao River which rises in Talayan, and empties at Taviran.7The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XI, pp. 135–139.8Unsigned.9Point or bay, not an Island.10Point or bay, not an island.11The Strait of Sunda, which separates Java from Sumatra.12The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 190–196.13This word is as commonly used with an “l” as with an “r,” as Sirungan.14A strong wind south by west.15Shields.16This was the first piratical expedition made against the Spaniards by the inhabitants of the southern islands. (Rizal.)Barrantes (Guerras Piraticas) wrongly dates the abandonment of La Caldera and the incursion of the Moros 1590. Continuing, he says: “The following year they repeated the expedition so that the Indians retired to the densest parts of the forests, where it cost considerable trouble to induce them to become quiet, for a woman, who proclaimed herself a sibyl or prophetess, preached to them that they should not obey the Spaniards any longer, for the latter had allied themselves with the Moros to exterminate all the Pintados.”17Native word for mountain.18Those to whom land had been granted with control over the natives who worked on it.19The Island of Gimarás, southeast of Panay, and separated from it by the Strait of Iloilo.20Probably gongs.21Neither Stanley nor Rizal throws any light on this word. The Spanish dictionaries likewise fail to explain it, as does also a limited examination of Malay and Tagal dictionaries. Three conjectures are open: 1. A derivative oftifatas, a species of mollusk, hence a conch; 2. A Malay or Tagal word for either a wind or other instrument, the Malay words for “to blow,” “sound a musical instrument,” beingtiyupandtiyupkan; 3. A misprint for the Spanishpifas, a possible shortened form ofpifanos, signifying fifes.22The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 240–244, 264–268.23Sailing vessels.24The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXIII, pp. 87, 88.25Unsigned.26A small vessel used as a tender to carry messages between larger vessels.27The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXVIII, pp. 41–63.28In the manuscript that we follow the letter of March 31 is given second, while that of April 5 is given first; we have arranged them chronologically.29Garo: probably the same asgarita; a fortified outpost.30The translation of this passage seems to be, “If God fights against a city, he who guards it watches in vain.” The difficulty lies in “a custodierit,” which we translate as “fights against.”31A Spanish measure of length which is about equal to 1 yard, English measure.32The Gimbahans or Sulus of the interior mountains.33Babui, in their language, signifies “pig”; apparently they called the Spaniards “swine,” as expressing the acme of contempt for their besiegers.34“Thanks be to God who has given us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.”35Combés says (Hist. Mindanao, Reana’s ed., column 264)that this queen, named Tuan Baluka, was a native of Basilan, and that she had acquired suchascendancyover her husband that the government of Sulu was entirely in her hands. This statement explains the presence of the Basilan men in the Sulu stronghold.36Zamboanga, the correct spelling is Samboangan.37Culverins of small bore.38This letter is unsigned; but the transcript of it made by Ventura del Arco places it with others ascribed to Barrios. See detailed accounts of the expedition against Jolo (Sulu) in Combés’s Hist. Mindanao y Joló (Retana and Pastells ed.), cols. 349–368; Diaz’s Conquistas, pp. 388–401: Murillo Velarde’s Hist. Philipinas, fol. 92, 93; and La Concepcion’s Hist. Philipinas, V, pp. 334–351.39From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.40TheRecoletosor barefoot Augustinian friars.41Spanishexpediente, the collection of all the papers referring to a single subject.42From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.43Maestre de Campo.44The inhabitants ofKoran, northeast Borneo, pagan pirates subdued by Sulu in 1769.45Official designation of theAudienciawhen assembled in executive session under the presidency of the Captain-General.46From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.47Sp.forzados, men compelled to row in the galleys, usually as punishment for crime.48Manila. The shorter form of its title of “La siempre noble y leal Ciudad.”49From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.50A small sailing vessel.51From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.52From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.53The Honorable East India Company.54From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.55I.e., of the Sulus.56Sp.champanes.57From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.58“En sus propios buques” (i.e., of Sulu).59This and the following statements are not correct.60From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.61Though inaccurate and biased, the ideas expressed in this report represent the opinion and feelings of many Spanish officials who were connected with Moro affairs.62The correct name is Abu Bakr.63Such a statement is unduly biased.64A Spanish magistrate.65From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.66From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.67Vessels up to 80 feet length by 18 or 20 beam, made of wood, bamboo, nipah, and rattan. The Moros arm them by placing at the two sideslantakasand falconets, mounted on iron swivels, and at the bow and stern, cannon set in stout pieces of timber. The sails are usually of matting made ofsaguran[a kind of palm-leaf], spread on bamboo poles. (Note in Montero y Vidal’s History of the Piracy of the Mohammedan Malays.)68From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.69Sp.Contaduría General.70Personal registration fees.71From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.72From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.73From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.74Settlements.75From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.76The Gearling & Tradin (sic.).77From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.78From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.79A term used by the Spaniards to designate certain governmental districts in the Philippines.80Settlement.
1The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 93–100.2A point and settlement on the north bank of the Mindanao River and at its mouth.3A careful review of Ronquillo’s reports and letters on his pacification of Mindanao shows an evident error in the use of the word Bwayan to signify the settlement or stronghold of the Sultan of Magindanao. Bwayan here, and probably in Figueroa’s report, too, is used in place of Magindanao, which lay on the site occupied at present by Kotabato. Bwisan was then the Sultan of Magindanao and headed the opposition to Ronquillo’s advance up the north branch of the Mindanao River. Sirungan, who is mentioned in this report, might have been a datu or subdatu of Magindanao, not necessarily Sirungan, the Raja of Bwayan.4The correct name is Sirungan.5Cachil or Kachil is a Malay word signifying “little” or “young,” hence a youth of distinction or a younger prince of the royal line.6A tributary of the Mindanao River which rises in Talayan, and empties at Taviran.7The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XI, pp. 135–139.8Unsigned.9Point or bay, not an Island.10Point or bay, not an island.11The Strait of Sunda, which separates Java from Sumatra.12The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 190–196.13This word is as commonly used with an “l” as with an “r,” as Sirungan.14A strong wind south by west.15Shields.16This was the first piratical expedition made against the Spaniards by the inhabitants of the southern islands. (Rizal.)Barrantes (Guerras Piraticas) wrongly dates the abandonment of La Caldera and the incursion of the Moros 1590. Continuing, he says: “The following year they repeated the expedition so that the Indians retired to the densest parts of the forests, where it cost considerable trouble to induce them to become quiet, for a woman, who proclaimed herself a sibyl or prophetess, preached to them that they should not obey the Spaniards any longer, for the latter had allied themselves with the Moros to exterminate all the Pintados.”17Native word for mountain.18Those to whom land had been granted with control over the natives who worked on it.19The Island of Gimarás, southeast of Panay, and separated from it by the Strait of Iloilo.20Probably gongs.21Neither Stanley nor Rizal throws any light on this word. The Spanish dictionaries likewise fail to explain it, as does also a limited examination of Malay and Tagal dictionaries. Three conjectures are open: 1. A derivative oftifatas, a species of mollusk, hence a conch; 2. A Malay or Tagal word for either a wind or other instrument, the Malay words for “to blow,” “sound a musical instrument,” beingtiyupandtiyupkan; 3. A misprint for the Spanishpifas, a possible shortened form ofpifanos, signifying fifes.22The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 240–244, 264–268.23Sailing vessels.24The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXIII, pp. 87, 88.25Unsigned.26A small vessel used as a tender to carry messages between larger vessels.27The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXVIII, pp. 41–63.28In the manuscript that we follow the letter of March 31 is given second, while that of April 5 is given first; we have arranged them chronologically.29Garo: probably the same asgarita; a fortified outpost.30The translation of this passage seems to be, “If God fights against a city, he who guards it watches in vain.” The difficulty lies in “a custodierit,” which we translate as “fights against.”31A Spanish measure of length which is about equal to 1 yard, English measure.32The Gimbahans or Sulus of the interior mountains.33Babui, in their language, signifies “pig”; apparently they called the Spaniards “swine,” as expressing the acme of contempt for their besiegers.34“Thanks be to God who has given us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.”35Combés says (Hist. Mindanao, Reana’s ed., column 264)that this queen, named Tuan Baluka, was a native of Basilan, and that she had acquired suchascendancyover her husband that the government of Sulu was entirely in her hands. This statement explains the presence of the Basilan men in the Sulu stronghold.36Zamboanga, the correct spelling is Samboangan.37Culverins of small bore.38This letter is unsigned; but the transcript of it made by Ventura del Arco places it with others ascribed to Barrios. See detailed accounts of the expedition against Jolo (Sulu) in Combés’s Hist. Mindanao y Joló (Retana and Pastells ed.), cols. 349–368; Diaz’s Conquistas, pp. 388–401: Murillo Velarde’s Hist. Philipinas, fol. 92, 93; and La Concepcion’s Hist. Philipinas, V, pp. 334–351.39From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.40TheRecoletosor barefoot Augustinian friars.41Spanishexpediente, the collection of all the papers referring to a single subject.42From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.43Maestre de Campo.44The inhabitants ofKoran, northeast Borneo, pagan pirates subdued by Sulu in 1769.45Official designation of theAudienciawhen assembled in executive session under the presidency of the Captain-General.46From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.47Sp.forzados, men compelled to row in the galleys, usually as punishment for crime.48Manila. The shorter form of its title of “La siempre noble y leal Ciudad.”49From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.50A small sailing vessel.51From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.52From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.53The Honorable East India Company.54From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.55I.e., of the Sulus.56Sp.champanes.57From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.58“En sus propios buques” (i.e., of Sulu).59This and the following statements are not correct.60From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.61Though inaccurate and biased, the ideas expressed in this report represent the opinion and feelings of many Spanish officials who were connected with Moro affairs.62The correct name is Abu Bakr.63Such a statement is unduly biased.64A Spanish magistrate.65From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.66From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.67Vessels up to 80 feet length by 18 or 20 beam, made of wood, bamboo, nipah, and rattan. The Moros arm them by placing at the two sideslantakasand falconets, mounted on iron swivels, and at the bow and stern, cannon set in stout pieces of timber. The sails are usually of matting made ofsaguran[a kind of palm-leaf], spread on bamboo poles. (Note in Montero y Vidal’s History of the Piracy of the Mohammedan Malays.)68From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.69Sp.Contaduría General.70Personal registration fees.71From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.72From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.73From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.74Settlements.75From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.76The Gearling & Tradin (sic.).77From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.78From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.79A term used by the Spaniards to designate certain governmental districts in the Philippines.80Settlement.
1The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 93–100.2A point and settlement on the north bank of the Mindanao River and at its mouth.3A careful review of Ronquillo’s reports and letters on his pacification of Mindanao shows an evident error in the use of the word Bwayan to signify the settlement or stronghold of the Sultan of Magindanao. Bwayan here, and probably in Figueroa’s report, too, is used in place of Magindanao, which lay on the site occupied at present by Kotabato. Bwisan was then the Sultan of Magindanao and headed the opposition to Ronquillo’s advance up the north branch of the Mindanao River. Sirungan, who is mentioned in this report, might have been a datu or subdatu of Magindanao, not necessarily Sirungan, the Raja of Bwayan.4The correct name is Sirungan.5Cachil or Kachil is a Malay word signifying “little” or “young,” hence a youth of distinction or a younger prince of the royal line.6A tributary of the Mindanao River which rises in Talayan, and empties at Taviran.7The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XI, pp. 135–139.8Unsigned.9Point or bay, not an Island.10Point or bay, not an island.11The Strait of Sunda, which separates Java from Sumatra.12The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 190–196.13This word is as commonly used with an “l” as with an “r,” as Sirungan.14A strong wind south by west.15Shields.16This was the first piratical expedition made against the Spaniards by the inhabitants of the southern islands. (Rizal.)Barrantes (Guerras Piraticas) wrongly dates the abandonment of La Caldera and the incursion of the Moros 1590. Continuing, he says: “The following year they repeated the expedition so that the Indians retired to the densest parts of the forests, where it cost considerable trouble to induce them to become quiet, for a woman, who proclaimed herself a sibyl or prophetess, preached to them that they should not obey the Spaniards any longer, for the latter had allied themselves with the Moros to exterminate all the Pintados.”17Native word for mountain.18Those to whom land had been granted with control over the natives who worked on it.19The Island of Gimarás, southeast of Panay, and separated from it by the Strait of Iloilo.20Probably gongs.21Neither Stanley nor Rizal throws any light on this word. The Spanish dictionaries likewise fail to explain it, as does also a limited examination of Malay and Tagal dictionaries. Three conjectures are open: 1. A derivative oftifatas, a species of mollusk, hence a conch; 2. A Malay or Tagal word for either a wind or other instrument, the Malay words for “to blow,” “sound a musical instrument,” beingtiyupandtiyupkan; 3. A misprint for the Spanishpifas, a possible shortened form ofpifanos, signifying fifes.22The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 240–244, 264–268.23Sailing vessels.24The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXIII, pp. 87, 88.25Unsigned.26A small vessel used as a tender to carry messages between larger vessels.27The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXVIII, pp. 41–63.28In the manuscript that we follow the letter of March 31 is given second, while that of April 5 is given first; we have arranged them chronologically.29Garo: probably the same asgarita; a fortified outpost.30The translation of this passage seems to be, “If God fights against a city, he who guards it watches in vain.” The difficulty lies in “a custodierit,” which we translate as “fights against.”31A Spanish measure of length which is about equal to 1 yard, English measure.32The Gimbahans or Sulus of the interior mountains.33Babui, in their language, signifies “pig”; apparently they called the Spaniards “swine,” as expressing the acme of contempt for their besiegers.34“Thanks be to God who has given us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.”35Combés says (Hist. Mindanao, Reana’s ed., column 264)that this queen, named Tuan Baluka, was a native of Basilan, and that she had acquired suchascendancyover her husband that the government of Sulu was entirely in her hands. This statement explains the presence of the Basilan men in the Sulu stronghold.36Zamboanga, the correct spelling is Samboangan.37Culverins of small bore.38This letter is unsigned; but the transcript of it made by Ventura del Arco places it with others ascribed to Barrios. See detailed accounts of the expedition against Jolo (Sulu) in Combés’s Hist. Mindanao y Joló (Retana and Pastells ed.), cols. 349–368; Diaz’s Conquistas, pp. 388–401: Murillo Velarde’s Hist. Philipinas, fol. 92, 93; and La Concepcion’s Hist. Philipinas, V, pp. 334–351.39From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.40TheRecoletosor barefoot Augustinian friars.41Spanishexpediente, the collection of all the papers referring to a single subject.42From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.43Maestre de Campo.44The inhabitants ofKoran, northeast Borneo, pagan pirates subdued by Sulu in 1769.45Official designation of theAudienciawhen assembled in executive session under the presidency of the Captain-General.46From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.47Sp.forzados, men compelled to row in the galleys, usually as punishment for crime.48Manila. The shorter form of its title of “La siempre noble y leal Ciudad.”49From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.50A small sailing vessel.51From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.52From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.53The Honorable East India Company.54From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.55I.e., of the Sulus.56Sp.champanes.57From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.58“En sus propios buques” (i.e., of Sulu).59This and the following statements are not correct.60From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.61Though inaccurate and biased, the ideas expressed in this report represent the opinion and feelings of many Spanish officials who were connected with Moro affairs.62The correct name is Abu Bakr.63Such a statement is unduly biased.64A Spanish magistrate.65From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.66From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.67Vessels up to 80 feet length by 18 or 20 beam, made of wood, bamboo, nipah, and rattan. The Moros arm them by placing at the two sideslantakasand falconets, mounted on iron swivels, and at the bow and stern, cannon set in stout pieces of timber. The sails are usually of matting made ofsaguran[a kind of palm-leaf], spread on bamboo poles. (Note in Montero y Vidal’s History of the Piracy of the Mohammedan Malays.)68From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.69Sp.Contaduría General.70Personal registration fees.71From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.72From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.73From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.74Settlements.75From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.76The Gearling & Tradin (sic.).77From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.78From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.79A term used by the Spaniards to designate certain governmental districts in the Philippines.80Settlement.
1The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 93–100.
2A point and settlement on the north bank of the Mindanao River and at its mouth.
3A careful review of Ronquillo’s reports and letters on his pacification of Mindanao shows an evident error in the use of the word Bwayan to signify the settlement or stronghold of the Sultan of Magindanao. Bwayan here, and probably in Figueroa’s report, too, is used in place of Magindanao, which lay on the site occupied at present by Kotabato. Bwisan was then the Sultan of Magindanao and headed the opposition to Ronquillo’s advance up the north branch of the Mindanao River. Sirungan, who is mentioned in this report, might have been a datu or subdatu of Magindanao, not necessarily Sirungan, the Raja of Bwayan.
4The correct name is Sirungan.
5Cachil or Kachil is a Malay word signifying “little” or “young,” hence a youth of distinction or a younger prince of the royal line.
6A tributary of the Mindanao River which rises in Talayan, and empties at Taviran.
7The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XI, pp. 135–139.
8Unsigned.
9Point or bay, not an Island.
10Point or bay, not an island.
11The Strait of Sunda, which separates Java from Sumatra.
12The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 190–196.
13This word is as commonly used with an “l” as with an “r,” as Sirungan.
14A strong wind south by west.
15Shields.
16This was the first piratical expedition made against the Spaniards by the inhabitants of the southern islands. (Rizal.)
Barrantes (Guerras Piraticas) wrongly dates the abandonment of La Caldera and the incursion of the Moros 1590. Continuing, he says: “The following year they repeated the expedition so that the Indians retired to the densest parts of the forests, where it cost considerable trouble to induce them to become quiet, for a woman, who proclaimed herself a sibyl or prophetess, preached to them that they should not obey the Spaniards any longer, for the latter had allied themselves with the Moros to exterminate all the Pintados.”
17Native word for mountain.
18Those to whom land had been granted with control over the natives who worked on it.
19The Island of Gimarás, southeast of Panay, and separated from it by the Strait of Iloilo.
20Probably gongs.
21Neither Stanley nor Rizal throws any light on this word. The Spanish dictionaries likewise fail to explain it, as does also a limited examination of Malay and Tagal dictionaries. Three conjectures are open: 1. A derivative oftifatas, a species of mollusk, hence a conch; 2. A Malay or Tagal word for either a wind or other instrument, the Malay words for “to blow,” “sound a musical instrument,” beingtiyupandtiyupkan; 3. A misprint for the Spanishpifas, a possible shortened form ofpifanos, signifying fifes.
22The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XV, pp. 240–244, 264–268.
23Sailing vessels.
24The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXIII, pp. 87, 88.
25Unsigned.
26A small vessel used as a tender to carry messages between larger vessels.
27The Philippine Islands, Blair and Robertson, XXVIII, pp. 41–63.
28In the manuscript that we follow the letter of March 31 is given second, while that of April 5 is given first; we have arranged them chronologically.
29Garo: probably the same asgarita; a fortified outpost.
30The translation of this passage seems to be, “If God fights against a city, he who guards it watches in vain.” The difficulty lies in “a custodierit,” which we translate as “fights against.”
31A Spanish measure of length which is about equal to 1 yard, English measure.
32The Gimbahans or Sulus of the interior mountains.
33Babui, in their language, signifies “pig”; apparently they called the Spaniards “swine,” as expressing the acme of contempt for their besiegers.
34“Thanks be to God who has given us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.”
35Combés says (Hist. Mindanao, Reana’s ed., column 264)that this queen, named Tuan Baluka, was a native of Basilan, and that she had acquired suchascendancyover her husband that the government of Sulu was entirely in her hands. This statement explains the presence of the Basilan men in the Sulu stronghold.
36Zamboanga, the correct spelling is Samboangan.
37Culverins of small bore.
38This letter is unsigned; but the transcript of it made by Ventura del Arco places it with others ascribed to Barrios. See detailed accounts of the expedition against Jolo (Sulu) in Combés’s Hist. Mindanao y Joló (Retana and Pastells ed.), cols. 349–368; Diaz’s Conquistas, pp. 388–401: Murillo Velarde’s Hist. Philipinas, fol. 92, 93; and La Concepcion’s Hist. Philipinas, V, pp. 334–351.
39From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
40TheRecoletosor barefoot Augustinian friars.
41Spanishexpediente, the collection of all the papers referring to a single subject.
42From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
43Maestre de Campo.
44The inhabitants ofKoran, northeast Borneo, pagan pirates subdued by Sulu in 1769.
45Official designation of theAudienciawhen assembled in executive session under the presidency of the Captain-General.
46From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
47Sp.forzados, men compelled to row in the galleys, usually as punishment for crime.
48Manila. The shorter form of its title of “La siempre noble y leal Ciudad.”
49From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
50A small sailing vessel.
51From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
52From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
53The Honorable East India Company.
54From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
55I.e., of the Sulus.
56Sp.champanes.
57From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
58“En sus propios buques” (i.e., of Sulu).
59This and the following statements are not correct.
60From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
61Though inaccurate and biased, the ideas expressed in this report represent the opinion and feelings of many Spanish officials who were connected with Moro affairs.
62The correct name is Abu Bakr.
63Such a statement is unduly biased.
64A Spanish magistrate.
65From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
66From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
67Vessels up to 80 feet length by 18 or 20 beam, made of wood, bamboo, nipah, and rattan. The Moros arm them by placing at the two sideslantakasand falconets, mounted on iron swivels, and at the bow and stern, cannon set in stout pieces of timber. The sails are usually of matting made ofsaguran[a kind of palm-leaf], spread on bamboo poles. (Note in Montero y Vidal’s History of the Piracy of the Mohammedan Malays.)
68From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
69Sp.Contaduría General.
70Personal registration fees.
71From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
72From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
73From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
74Settlements.
75From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
76The Gearling & Tradin (sic.).
77From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
78From the Division of Archives, Executive Bureau, Manila.
79A term used by the Spaniards to designate certain governmental districts in the Philippines.
80Settlement.