FOOTNOTES:

FOOTNOTES:[1]This spelling seems more correct than either the short form,Lot Cary, used by the Rev. D. Stratton, D.D. of St. Albans, West Virginia, in his "Life and Work of Lot Cary, Missionary in Africa," or the longer form,Lott Carey, used by the Rev. James B. Taylor in "The Biography of Elder Lott Carey" and by many other writers for the following consideration: There is no trace of Cary spelling his name Lot Cary. In the American Baptist Magazine and Gammell's "A History of American Baptist Missions" there are letters from or references to Cary marked Lott Carey, which are no doubt presumptions on the part of the printer or writer that the name is spelled like that of the Rev. William Carey. If, on the other hand, Lott Cary spelled his name eitherCareyorCary, that would only argue that his name would be better spelled Lott Cary as a means of distinction from the Rev. William Carey. "The Biography of Elder Lott Carey" written in 1837 is the source of much that is known of the man but seems to draw heavily from the "Life of Jehudi Ashmun, late Colonial Agent in Liberia, with an Appendix Containing Extracts from His Journal and Other Writings, with a Brief Sketch of the Life of the Rev. Lott Cary," written in 1835 by Ralph Randolph Gurley, Secretary of the American Colonization Society. Many incidents of the life of Lott Cary are taken from the life and writings of Mr. Ashmun. It would therefore seem consistent to follow his spelling of the name. In this work, the name, Lott Cary, is used frequently—even signed to a letter to Mr. Gurley—and many references are made to it by Mr. Ashmun who probably knew Cary better than anyone else. Only once in the entire work, on page 126, never in the "Brief Sketch of the Life of the Rev. Lott Cary," is the name spelledCarey. This could be a typographical error. Furthermore, Mr. Randall who went to Africa as Governor of Liberia about a month and a half after Cary's death said, respecting a native settlement, "I propose to have it called after him, Carytown." (The African Repository, Vol. V, p. 1.) Appletons'Cyclopaedia of American Biography, Vol. I, p. 548, follows this spelling.[2]This name is also variously spelled—Collin or Colin and Teague or Teage. The above spelling is from the American Baptist Missionary Union in their Missionary Jubilee volume, pp. 215, 267.[3]Proceedings of the Fifth Triennial Meeting of the Baptist General Convention, 1826, p. 22; Earnest,The Religious Development of the Negro in Virginia, p. 95; $150 was appropriated for the mission May 23, 1823. Proceedings, 1826, pp. 22, 32.[4]Report of the Board of Managers of the General ConventioninThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, pp. 396 ff.[5]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.[6]Hervey,The Story of Baptist Missions in Foreign Lands, p. 199.[7]Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, appendix, p. 147; Peck,History of the Missions of the Baptist General Conventionin theHistory of American Missions to the Heathen, p. 443.[8]Hervey,op. cit., p. 199.[9]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147.[10]Hervey,op. cit., p. 200.[11]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.[12]Peck,op. cit., p. 443.[13]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147.[14]The gallery was reserved for the slaves connected with the church and congregation. Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.[15]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.[16]Ibid.[17]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147; Peck,op. cit., p. 443.[18]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148; Peck,op. cit., p. 443.[19]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.[20]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148.[21]Peck,op. cit., p. 443.[22]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340. His wife died shortly before this time,The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147.[23]Fifth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign MissionsinThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. I, pp. 400f.[24]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 12.[25]Ibid., Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148.[26]Cathcart,The Baptist Encyclopaedia, Vol. I, p. 288.[27]The Missionary Jubilee, pp. 17, 18, 19; Tupper,A Decade of Foreign Missions, p. 875.[28]Peck,op. cit., p. 444; The Missionary Jubilee, p. 214; Tupper,op. cit., p. 875.[29]The outbreaks of Toussaint L'Ouverture in Hayti in 1789 and especially Gabriel in Richmond had not died away. Gabriel in 1800 organized 1000 Negroes in Henrico County. The plot, however, was betrayed by a slave Pharaoh and amounted to no lives lost except those of Gabriel and Jack Bowles who were executed. A public guard of 68 policed the city for some months afterwards. Cf. Ballagh,Slavery in Virginia, p. 92.[30]From Article I of the Constitution of this body it is presumed that the Richmond Society contributed "a sum amounting to at least one hundred dollars" for their membership fee.[31]Proceedings of the General Convention, 1817, p. 134.[32]Gammell,A History of American Baptist Missions, p. 256.[33]The Third Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, p. 180.[34]Proceedings of the Baptist General Convention, 1829, p. 34; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, pp. 30, 32.[35]Letter to Doctor Staughton, dated Philadelphia, April 30, 1818, in theFourth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions.[36]Third Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, p. 180.[37]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[38]August 5, 1816, the Negro Baptists of Warren County, North Carolina, contributed $5.15; August 18, of the County Line Association, Caswell County, North Carolina, $.69; September 1, of the Shiloh Association, Culpepper, Virginia, $1.90; October 21, of the Pee Dee Association, Montgomery County, North Carolina, $2.19; May 7, 1817, "a col. Wom." of Georgia, $1; June 2, "Coloured Brethren" of the Sunbury Association, Georgia, $21; June 16, "a man of colour 15 cts.—a woman of col. 6 cts." and August 1, "a man of col. 25 cts."—The Third Annual Report of the Baptist Board, pp. 146-149;The Fourth Annual Report of the Baptist Board, pp. 206, 208.[39]The Fourth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, pp. 206, 208, 210.[40]Peck,op. cit., p. 444; Hervey,op. cit., p. 201.[41]Cf. Journal of Mills in Spring,Memoirs of the Rev. Samuel J. Mills.[42]Letter dated Richmond, March 28, 1819, to the Rev. Obadiah B. Brown, Washington City.[43]The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.[44]Sixth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign MissionsinThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, p. 141.[45]The Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, p. 141.[46]Peck,op. cit., p. 439; cf. also The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215. The constitution of the Richmond African Baptist Missionary Society restricted its funds to Africa.[47]The African Repository, March, 1829; Gurley,op. cit., appendix.[48]This would have increased his salary to $1000 annually.[49]Letter of William Crane to the Rev. Obadiah Brown.[50]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148.[51]Russell,The Free Negro in Virginia, pp. 145-156.[52]Seventh Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign MissionsinThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, pp. 317f.[53]Ibid., p. 399;The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 159; Peck,op. cit., p. 439;The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.[54]Peck,op. cit., p. 444; Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.[55]Hervey,op. cit., pp. 201f.[56]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149.[57]Ibid., p. 148;The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 12.[58]Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.[59]Earnest,op. cit., p. 95.[60]Journal of Cary inThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, p. 399.[61]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. III, p. 181.[62]Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.[63]The Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, pp. 397f.[64]Peck,op. cit., p. 439.[65]Gammell,op. cit., pp. 247, 249.[66]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. II, p. 181.[67]Alexander,A History of Colonization on the Western Coast of Africa, p. 245.[68]Latrobe,Maryland in Liberia, p. 9.[69]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, pp. 149f.[70]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[71]The Fifth Annual Report of the American Society for Colonizing the Free People of Colour of the United States, pp. 55-64.[72]Liberia was named at the annual meeting of the Colonization Society, February, 1825. Fox,The American Colonization Society, p. 71.[73]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149; Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.[74]Warneck,Outline of a History of Protestant Missions, p. 193.[75]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149; Hervey,op. cit., p. 203.[76]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149; Hervey,op. cit., p. 203;The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 13;The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341.[77]Gammell,op. cit., p. 244; Peck,op. cit., p. 441.[78]Peck,op. cit., p. 439; Gammell,op. cit., p. 244.[79]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IV, p. 142.[80]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341; Gammell,op. cit., p. 244; Tupper,The Foreign Missions of the Southern Baptist Convention, p. 277.[81]A Negro Baptist preacher who accompanied David George to Sierra Leone from Nova Scotia in 1792. For a detailed account cf. Rippon,The Baptist Annual Register, Vol. I, pp. 478-481.[82]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. V, pp. 241f.;The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, pp. 222f.[83]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, pp. 222f.[84]At the annual meeting of the American Colonization Society, February, 1825, on motion of General Robert G. Harper, the settlement was named Monrovia, in honor of the President of the United States. Fox,op. cit., p. 71.[85]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, pp. 244f. In the Report of the Board of Managers of the General Missionary Convention, May, 1825, "Lott Cary ... states that hostilities ... of the natives had ceased.... He asks for assistance to complete the work (on the church); and the Board feel pleasure in recommending the case to the hearts of all who are interested in the melioration of the condition of the African Race." Ibid., Vol. V, p. 216.[86]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[87]Gurley,op. cit., p. 196.[88]Gurley,op. cit., p. 213.[89]Ibid., p. 214.[90]Ibid., p. 213.[91]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 182.[92]The laws of the Society required every adult male to work two days a week for the public good while receiving rations from the public store. This rule was dispensed with providing each colonist would cultivate his own land.Ibid., p. 186.[93]Ibid., appendix, p. 150.[94]Gurley,op. cit., p. 187.[95]Ibid., appendix, p. 150.[96]Fox,op. cit., p. 72.[97]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 150.[98]Ibid., pp. 190ff.[99]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 150.[100]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IV, p. 423.[101]Hervey,op. cit., p. 204.[102]Gurley,op. cit., p. 203.[103]Gurley,op. cit., p. 214; Hervey,op. cit., p. 204.[104]Ibid., op. cit., p. 215;ibid., appendix, p. 150.[105]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 143.[106]Ibid.[107]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 49.[108]Ibid.p. 246.[109]Gammell,op. cit., p. 247.[110]The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.[111]The Veys inhabit this healthy country and are very intelligent. They have a written language although no books. Peck,op. cit., p. 441.[112]Warneck,op. cit., p. 189.[113]Peck,op. cit., p. 441.[114]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 30.[115]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341.[116]Cf. Jones,The Religious Instruction of the Negro in the United States.[117]These emigrants with one exception were from Newport, Rhode Island. Eighteen of them were, just before their departure and at their own request, organized into a church. Gurley,op. cit., pp. 308, 310.[118]Gurley,op. cit., p. 309.[119]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 368; Gammell,op. cit., p. 247; Peck,op. cit., p. 442;The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.[120]Gurley,op. cit., p. 356.[121]The schools and scholars in Liberia in 1827 were as follows:Rev. Mr. Gary's school for native children45Rev. Mr. M'Gill's classes16Mr. Stewart's school44Miss Jackson's school40Mrs. Williams' school30Mr. Prout's school52Gurley,op. cit., p. 350.[122]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, pp. 272f.;ibid., Vol. VII, p. 166.[123]Gurley,op. cit., p. 357.[124]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. XXI, p. 183.[125]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, pp. 32, 35, 36, 37.[126]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 356.[127]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, p. 144; cf. also Alexander,op. cit., pp. 248f.[128]Baptized eighteen months before by Cary. He was a native evangelist at Big Town, Grand Cape Mount and styled himself John Baptist. Letter of Cary dated Monrovia, June, 1827, to Crane.[129]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, pp. 305f.[130]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, pp. 143f.[131]Ibid., pp. 53f.[132]The General Missionary Convention made a remittance of $90 on February 15, 1828.The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, pp. 170, 176.[133]Peck,op. cit., p. 442.[134]Alexander,op. cit., p. 181.[135]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[136]The American Missionary Register, May, 1825, p. 142.[137]Gurley,op. cit., p. 182.[138]Ibid., p. 190.[139]Ibid., p. 182.[140]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[141]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 142.[142]Peck,op. cit., p. 439; Stratton,Life and Work of Lot Cary, p. 3.[143]Gurley,op. cit., p. 190.[144]Gurley,op. cit., p. 232.[145]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. V, p. 242.[146]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.[147]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[148]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.[149]This trip was to influence the free people of color in the United States to emigrate to Liberia. Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 151.[150]Gurley,op. cit., pp. 340f.[151]Peck,op. cit., p. 554.[152]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 216.[153]Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, p. 157.[154]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 261.[155]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, pp. 212f.; Peck,op. cit., p. 442.[156]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 142.[157]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 216.[158]The Liberia Heraldran for three issues. Then the printer, Mr. Charles L. Force, died.Ibid., pp. 214ff.[159]Ibid.[160]Rippon,op. cit., Vol. I, pp. 334, 482; Alexander,op. cit., p. 41; Crooks,A History of the Colony of Sierra Leone, p. 36.[161]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 66.[162]Ibid., p. 56.[163]Ibid., p. 131.[164]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 132.[165]Ibid.[166]Alexander,op. cit., p. 247.[167]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 126.[168]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 216.[169]History of African Colonization, p. 225.[170]Cf. Adams,The Neglected Period of Anti-Slavery in America, p. 92; Cromwell,The Early Negro Convention Movement, pp. 3-5.[171]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, pp. 53f.[172]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.[173]Cf. especially Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, appendix, pp. 153, 157. In speaking of going to Grand Cape Mount, Mr. Cary says, "I should have went up last year ... we may anticipate a middling severe struggle from the Mandingo priests who have been for years propagating their system of religion among that nation. They are a kind of Mahometan Jews—they are very skilful in the Old Testament...."The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, p. 305. Moreover, there is no known evidence that any other of the colonists could have written so well.[174]Compare the Address of the Citizens of Monrovia to the free colored people of the United States with the account given in Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, pp. 136-138.[175]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, p. 203.[176]$1 was the annual membership fee; 45 names were enrolled and the money paid. $7.25 was collected at the door. Ashmun contributed $5 extra.The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, p. 305n.[177]Ibid., p. 305.[178]Ibid., Vol. VIII, p. 170.[179]Ibid., Vol. IX, p. 195; Peek,op. cit., p. 443.[180]On August 31, 1822, Alexander,op. cit., p. 181.[181]The African Repository, Vol. V, p. 14.[182]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 153.[183]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 385.[184]Gurley,op. cit., p. 385; cf. Journal of Lott Cary in Gurley,Life of Jehu Ashmun, appendix, pp. 153-156.[185]Cf. Appendix L.[186]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 159.[187]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, p. 212; Alexander,op. cit., p. 279.[188]Alexander,op. cit., p. 261.[189]The African Repository, Vol. V, p. 10; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 160.[190]Alexander,op. cit., pp. 254f.[191]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, pp. 212, 215, cf. also p. 195.[192]Cf. a letter to the treasurer of the Massachusetts Baptist Education Society inThe American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 181.[193]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, p. 255.[194]Ibid., p. 214.[195]The American Baptist Magazine, p. 215.[196]Proceedings, 1832, pp. 10, 33.[197]Op. cit., appendix, p. 160.[198]Op. cit., p. 207.[199]Hervey,op. cit., p. 206.

[1]This spelling seems more correct than either the short form,Lot Cary, used by the Rev. D. Stratton, D.D. of St. Albans, West Virginia, in his "Life and Work of Lot Cary, Missionary in Africa," or the longer form,Lott Carey, used by the Rev. James B. Taylor in "The Biography of Elder Lott Carey" and by many other writers for the following consideration: There is no trace of Cary spelling his name Lot Cary. In the American Baptist Magazine and Gammell's "A History of American Baptist Missions" there are letters from or references to Cary marked Lott Carey, which are no doubt presumptions on the part of the printer or writer that the name is spelled like that of the Rev. William Carey. If, on the other hand, Lott Cary spelled his name eitherCareyorCary, that would only argue that his name would be better spelled Lott Cary as a means of distinction from the Rev. William Carey. "The Biography of Elder Lott Carey" written in 1837 is the source of much that is known of the man but seems to draw heavily from the "Life of Jehudi Ashmun, late Colonial Agent in Liberia, with an Appendix Containing Extracts from His Journal and Other Writings, with a Brief Sketch of the Life of the Rev. Lott Cary," written in 1835 by Ralph Randolph Gurley, Secretary of the American Colonization Society. Many incidents of the life of Lott Cary are taken from the life and writings of Mr. Ashmun. It would therefore seem consistent to follow his spelling of the name. In this work, the name, Lott Cary, is used frequently—even signed to a letter to Mr. Gurley—and many references are made to it by Mr. Ashmun who probably knew Cary better than anyone else. Only once in the entire work, on page 126, never in the "Brief Sketch of the Life of the Rev. Lott Cary," is the name spelledCarey. This could be a typographical error. Furthermore, Mr. Randall who went to Africa as Governor of Liberia about a month and a half after Cary's death said, respecting a native settlement, "I propose to have it called after him, Carytown." (The African Repository, Vol. V, p. 1.) Appletons'Cyclopaedia of American Biography, Vol. I, p. 548, follows this spelling.

[2]This name is also variously spelled—Collin or Colin and Teague or Teage. The above spelling is from the American Baptist Missionary Union in their Missionary Jubilee volume, pp. 215, 267.

[3]Proceedings of the Fifth Triennial Meeting of the Baptist General Convention, 1826, p. 22; Earnest,The Religious Development of the Negro in Virginia, p. 95; $150 was appropriated for the mission May 23, 1823. Proceedings, 1826, pp. 22, 32.

[4]Report of the Board of Managers of the General ConventioninThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, pp. 396 ff.

[5]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.

[6]Hervey,The Story of Baptist Missions in Foreign Lands, p. 199.

[7]Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, appendix, p. 147; Peck,History of the Missions of the Baptist General Conventionin theHistory of American Missions to the Heathen, p. 443.

[8]Hervey,op. cit., p. 199.

[9]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147.

[10]Hervey,op. cit., p. 200.

[11]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.

[12]Peck,op. cit., p. 443.

[13]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147.

[14]The gallery was reserved for the slaves connected with the church and congregation. Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.

[15]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.

[16]Ibid.

[17]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147; Peck,op. cit., p. 443.

[18]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148; Peck,op. cit., p. 443.

[19]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.

[20]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148.

[21]Peck,op. cit., p. 443.

[22]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340. His wife died shortly before this time,The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 11; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 147.

[23]Fifth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign MissionsinThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. I, pp. 400f.

[24]The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 12.

[25]Ibid., Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148.

[26]Cathcart,The Baptist Encyclopaedia, Vol. I, p. 288.

[27]The Missionary Jubilee, pp. 17, 18, 19; Tupper,A Decade of Foreign Missions, p. 875.

[28]Peck,op. cit., p. 444; The Missionary Jubilee, p. 214; Tupper,op. cit., p. 875.

[29]The outbreaks of Toussaint L'Ouverture in Hayti in 1789 and especially Gabriel in Richmond had not died away. Gabriel in 1800 organized 1000 Negroes in Henrico County. The plot, however, was betrayed by a slave Pharaoh and amounted to no lives lost except those of Gabriel and Jack Bowles who were executed. A public guard of 68 policed the city for some months afterwards. Cf. Ballagh,Slavery in Virginia, p. 92.

[30]From Article I of the Constitution of this body it is presumed that the Richmond Society contributed "a sum amounting to at least one hundred dollars" for their membership fee.

[31]Proceedings of the General Convention, 1817, p. 134.

[32]Gammell,A History of American Baptist Missions, p. 256.

[33]The Third Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, p. 180.

[34]Proceedings of the Baptist General Convention, 1829, p. 34; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, pp. 30, 32.

[35]Letter to Doctor Staughton, dated Philadelphia, April 30, 1818, in theFourth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions.

[36]Third Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, p. 180.

[37]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[38]August 5, 1816, the Negro Baptists of Warren County, North Carolina, contributed $5.15; August 18, of the County Line Association, Caswell County, North Carolina, $.69; September 1, of the Shiloh Association, Culpepper, Virginia, $1.90; October 21, of the Pee Dee Association, Montgomery County, North Carolina, $2.19; May 7, 1817, "a col. Wom." of Georgia, $1; June 2, "Coloured Brethren" of the Sunbury Association, Georgia, $21; June 16, "a man of colour 15 cts.—a woman of col. 6 cts." and August 1, "a man of col. 25 cts."—The Third Annual Report of the Baptist Board, pp. 146-149;The Fourth Annual Report of the Baptist Board, pp. 206, 208.

[39]The Fourth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, pp. 206, 208, 210.

[40]Peck,op. cit., p. 444; Hervey,op. cit., p. 201.

[41]Cf. Journal of Mills in Spring,Memoirs of the Rev. Samuel J. Mills.

[42]Letter dated Richmond, March 28, 1819, to the Rev. Obadiah B. Brown, Washington City.

[43]The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.

[44]Sixth Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign MissionsinThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, p. 141.

[45]The Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, p. 141.

[46]Peck,op. cit., p. 439; cf. also The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215. The constitution of the Richmond African Baptist Missionary Society restricted its funds to Africa.

[47]The African Repository, March, 1829; Gurley,op. cit., appendix.

[48]This would have increased his salary to $1000 annually.

[49]Letter of William Crane to the Rev. Obadiah Brown.

[50]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 148.

[51]Russell,The Free Negro in Virginia, pp. 145-156.

[52]Seventh Annual Report of the Baptist Board of Foreign MissionsinThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, pp. 317f.

[53]Ibid., p. 399;The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 159; Peck,op. cit., p. 439;The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.

[54]Peck,op. cit., p. 444; Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.

[55]Hervey,op. cit., pp. 201f.

[56]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149.

[57]Ibid., p. 148;The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 12.

[58]Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.

[59]Earnest,op. cit., p. 95.

[60]Journal of Cary inThe Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, p. 399.

[61]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. III, p. 181.

[62]Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.

[63]The Latter Day Luminary, Vol. II, pp. 397f.

[64]Peck,op. cit., p. 439.

[65]Gammell,op. cit., pp. 247, 249.

[66]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. II, p. 181.

[67]Alexander,A History of Colonization on the Western Coast of Africa, p. 245.

[68]Latrobe,Maryland in Liberia, p. 9.

[69]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, pp. 149f.

[70]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[71]The Fifth Annual Report of the American Society for Colonizing the Free People of Colour of the United States, pp. 55-64.

[72]Liberia was named at the annual meeting of the Colonization Society, February, 1825. Fox,The American Colonization Society, p. 71.

[73]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149; Hervey,op. cit., p. 202.

[74]Warneck,Outline of a History of Protestant Missions, p. 193.

[75]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149; Hervey,op. cit., p. 203.

[76]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 149; Hervey,op. cit., p. 203;The African Repository, March, 1829, p. 13;The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341.

[77]Gammell,op. cit., p. 244; Peck,op. cit., p. 441.

[78]Peck,op. cit., p. 439; Gammell,op. cit., p. 244.

[79]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IV, p. 142.

[80]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341; Gammell,op. cit., p. 244; Tupper,The Foreign Missions of the Southern Baptist Convention, p. 277.

[81]A Negro Baptist preacher who accompanied David George to Sierra Leone from Nova Scotia in 1792. For a detailed account cf. Rippon,The Baptist Annual Register, Vol. I, pp. 478-481.

[82]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. V, pp. 241f.;The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, pp. 222f.

[83]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, pp. 222f.

[84]At the annual meeting of the American Colonization Society, February, 1825, on motion of General Robert G. Harper, the settlement was named Monrovia, in honor of the President of the United States. Fox,op. cit., p. 71.

[85]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, pp. 244f. In the Report of the Board of Managers of the General Missionary Convention, May, 1825, "Lott Cary ... states that hostilities ... of the natives had ceased.... He asks for assistance to complete the work (on the church); and the Board feel pleasure in recommending the case to the hearts of all who are interested in the melioration of the condition of the African Race." Ibid., Vol. V, p. 216.

[86]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[87]Gurley,op. cit., p. 196.

[88]Gurley,op. cit., p. 213.

[89]Ibid., p. 214.

[90]Ibid., p. 213.

[91]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 182.

[92]The laws of the Society required every adult male to work two days a week for the public good while receiving rations from the public store. This rule was dispensed with providing each colonist would cultivate his own land.Ibid., p. 186.

[93]Ibid., appendix, p. 150.

[94]Gurley,op. cit., p. 187.

[95]Ibid., appendix, p. 150.

[96]Fox,op. cit., p. 72.

[97]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 150.

[98]Ibid., pp. 190ff.

[99]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 150.

[100]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IV, p. 423.

[101]Hervey,op. cit., p. 204.

[102]Gurley,op. cit., p. 203.

[103]Gurley,op. cit., p. 214; Hervey,op. cit., p. 204.

[104]Ibid., op. cit., p. 215;ibid., appendix, p. 150.

[105]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 143.

[106]Ibid.

[107]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 49.

[108]Ibid.p. 246.

[109]Gammell,op. cit., p. 247.

[110]The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.

[111]The Veys inhabit this healthy country and are very intelligent. They have a written language although no books. Peck,op. cit., p. 441.

[112]Warneck,op. cit., p. 189.

[113]Peck,op. cit., p. 441.

[114]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 30.

[115]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 341.

[116]Cf. Jones,The Religious Instruction of the Negro in the United States.

[117]These emigrants with one exception were from Newport, Rhode Island. Eighteen of them were, just before their departure and at their own request, organized into a church. Gurley,op. cit., pp. 308, 310.

[118]Gurley,op. cit., p. 309.

[119]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 368; Gammell,op. cit., p. 247; Peck,op. cit., p. 442;The Missionary Jubilee, p. 215.

[120]Gurley,op. cit., p. 356.

[121]The schools and scholars in Liberia in 1827 were as follows:Rev. Mr. Gary's school for native children45Rev. Mr. M'Gill's classes16Mr. Stewart's school44Miss Jackson's school40Mrs. Williams' school30Mr. Prout's school52Gurley,op. cit., p. 350.

[121]The schools and scholars in Liberia in 1827 were as follows:

Rev. Mr. Gary's school for native children45Rev. Mr. M'Gill's classes16Mr. Stewart's school44Miss Jackson's school40Mrs. Williams' school30Mr. Prout's school52

Gurley,op. cit., p. 350.

[122]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, pp. 272f.;ibid., Vol. VII, p. 166.

[123]Gurley,op. cit., p. 357.

[124]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. XXI, p. 183.

[125]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, pp. 32, 35, 36, 37.

[126]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 356.

[127]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, p. 144; cf. also Alexander,op. cit., pp. 248f.

[128]Baptized eighteen months before by Cary. He was a native evangelist at Big Town, Grand Cape Mount and styled himself John Baptist. Letter of Cary dated Monrovia, June, 1827, to Crane.

[129]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, pp. 305f.

[130]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, pp. 143f.

[131]Ibid., pp. 53f.

[132]The General Missionary Convention made a remittance of $90 on February 15, 1828.The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, pp. 170, 176.

[133]Peck,op. cit., p. 442.

[134]Alexander,op. cit., p. 181.

[135]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[136]The American Missionary Register, May, 1825, p. 142.

[137]Gurley,op. cit., p. 182.

[138]Ibid., p. 190.

[139]Ibid., p. 182.

[140]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[141]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 142.

[142]Peck,op. cit., p. 439; Stratton,Life and Work of Lot Cary, p. 3.

[143]Gurley,op. cit., p. 190.

[144]Gurley,op. cit., p. 232.

[145]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. V, p. 242.

[146]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.

[147]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[148]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 340.

[149]This trip was to influence the free people of color in the United States to emigrate to Liberia. Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 151.

[150]Gurley,op. cit., pp. 340f.

[151]Peck,op. cit., p. 554.

[152]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 216.

[153]Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, p. 157.

[154]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 261.

[155]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, pp. 212f.; Peck,op. cit., p. 442.

[156]The American Missionary Register, Vol. VI, p. 142.

[157]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 216.

[158]The Liberia Heraldran for three issues. Then the printer, Mr. Charles L. Force, died.Ibid., pp. 214ff.

[159]Ibid.

[160]Rippon,op. cit., Vol. I, pp. 334, 482; Alexander,op. cit., p. 41; Crooks,A History of the Colony of Sierra Leone, p. 36.

[161]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 66.

[162]Ibid., p. 56.

[163]Ibid., p. 131.

[164]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 132.

[165]Ibid.

[166]Alexander,op. cit., p. 247.

[167]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 126.

[168]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 216.

[169]History of African Colonization, p. 225.

[170]Cf. Adams,The Neglected Period of Anti-Slavery in America, p. 92; Cromwell,The Early Negro Convention Movement, pp. 3-5.

[171]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, pp. 53f.

[172]Cf.Letters and Addresses of Lott Cary.

[173]Cf. especially Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, appendix, pp. 153, 157. In speaking of going to Grand Cape Mount, Mr. Cary says, "I should have went up last year ... we may anticipate a middling severe struggle from the Mandingo priests who have been for years propagating their system of religion among that nation. They are a kind of Mahometan Jews—they are very skilful in the Old Testament...."The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, p. 305. Moreover, there is no known evidence that any other of the colonists could have written so well.

[174]Compare the Address of the Citizens of Monrovia to the free colored people of the United States with the account given in Gurley,Life of Jehudi Ashmun, pp. 136-138.

[175]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VIII, p. 203.

[176]$1 was the annual membership fee; 45 names were enrolled and the money paid. $7.25 was collected at the door. Ashmun contributed $5 extra.The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VII, p. 305n.

[177]Ibid., p. 305.

[178]Ibid., Vol. VIII, p. 170.

[179]Ibid., Vol. IX, p. 195; Peek,op. cit., p. 443.

[180]On August 31, 1822, Alexander,op. cit., p. 181.

[181]The African Repository, Vol. V, p. 14.

[182]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 153.

[183]Ibid.,op. cit., p. 385.

[184]Gurley,op. cit., p. 385; cf. Journal of Lott Cary in Gurley,Life of Jehu Ashmun, appendix, pp. 153-156.

[185]Cf. Appendix L.

[186]Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 159.

[187]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, p. 212; Alexander,op. cit., p. 279.

[188]Alexander,op. cit., p. 261.

[189]The African Repository, Vol. V, p. 10; Gurley,op. cit., appendix, p. 160.

[190]Alexander,op. cit., pp. 254f.

[191]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, pp. 212, 215, cf. also p. 195.

[192]Cf. a letter to the treasurer of the Massachusetts Baptist Education Society inThe American Baptist Magazine, Vol. VI, p. 181.

[193]The American Baptist Magazine, Vol. IX, p. 255.

[194]Ibid., p. 214.

[195]The American Baptist Magazine, p. 215.

[196]Proceedings, 1832, pp. 10, 33.

[197]Op. cit., appendix, p. 160.

[198]Op. cit., p. 207.

[199]Hervey,op. cit., p. 206.

The correspondence of the editor often has an historical value as the following communications will show:

February 13, 1922.Dear Dr. Woodson:YourJournal of Negro Historyhas been so full of good material that I hesitate to call attention to two things in the last (January) number that seem unsuitable.The first is the leading article on Slave Society on the Southern Society. For more than thirty years I have been combating with all my might the theory of slave-holding sovereignty set forth in that article. It is the essentially Southern view—a magnified view and an unreal view. The article is practically a mild form of the panegyric of the slave plantation which has been the stock in trade of defenders of slavery for a hundred years.The reasons for slavery given on pages 1 and 2 do not accord with the facts, and if they were true would have minimized the protests against slavery, past and present. It is ridiculous to say that white men endanger their lives by working in the South when you consider how large a part of the cotton crop is raised entirely by white men.The description of what was said to be the "usual" type of plantation house does not in my opinion apply to more than two hundred or three hundred plantations in the South at the outside. I have traveled very extensively in the South and have never seen more than three or four such mansions. The testimony of Olmsted and other writers is that ordinarily the slaveholder's house was poor and that he lived in a very poor fashion. As for the twelve sons and daughters in the planters' families, and the fifteen to twenty-five children in the negro families, it is perfect gammon. Not one family in a thousand had such numbers. None but a very few of the richest planters lived in the profusion described on page four. As for the enrolment in colleges between 1859 and 1860, and the incomes of the higher institutions, that is all bosh. FrancisLieber was a German by birth, found his service in South Carolina very uncongenial, and stood by the union. To compare slavery to apprenticeship is an affront. The day's work set down by Murat (whose history of the United States is a very obscure work) is contrary to evidence North or South. Regular nurseries were built only on a few large plantations. The arguments in favor of slavery on pages nine and ten are stated without qualification or contradiction. I deeply regret that a Journal of Negro History should admit an article so full of statements both untrue and dangerous to the Negro race.The experience of a Georgia peon "seems to me very doubtful. I am personally acquainted with the story of Dade's stockade, and have passed within a few miles of it, and I do not believe in the least that there is now, or has been in the past thirty years, any plantation in the South where families are brought up in servitude. The only Ponce-de-Leon spring that I know is in Florida, which is not on the road between Georgia and Mississippi. The man seems to think that Chattanooga is on the west side of the river. It is a dangerous thing to accept any such statement without thorough investigation and calling upon the relater to state exactly where these things happened, and what was his course of travel.I should not venture to write so decidedly but that you have done so much for the cause of the Negro race, and I don't like to see you give ammunition to the enemies of your race.Sincerely yours,Albert Bushnell Hart.

February 13, 1922.

Dear Dr. Woodson:

YourJournal of Negro Historyhas been so full of good material that I hesitate to call attention to two things in the last (January) number that seem unsuitable.

The first is the leading article on Slave Society on the Southern Society. For more than thirty years I have been combating with all my might the theory of slave-holding sovereignty set forth in that article. It is the essentially Southern view—a magnified view and an unreal view. The article is practically a mild form of the panegyric of the slave plantation which has been the stock in trade of defenders of slavery for a hundred years.

The reasons for slavery given on pages 1 and 2 do not accord with the facts, and if they were true would have minimized the protests against slavery, past and present. It is ridiculous to say that white men endanger their lives by working in the South when you consider how large a part of the cotton crop is raised entirely by white men.

The description of what was said to be the "usual" type of plantation house does not in my opinion apply to more than two hundred or three hundred plantations in the South at the outside. I have traveled very extensively in the South and have never seen more than three or four such mansions. The testimony of Olmsted and other writers is that ordinarily the slaveholder's house was poor and that he lived in a very poor fashion. As for the twelve sons and daughters in the planters' families, and the fifteen to twenty-five children in the negro families, it is perfect gammon. Not one family in a thousand had such numbers. None but a very few of the richest planters lived in the profusion described on page four. As for the enrolment in colleges between 1859 and 1860, and the incomes of the higher institutions, that is all bosh. FrancisLieber was a German by birth, found his service in South Carolina very uncongenial, and stood by the union. To compare slavery to apprenticeship is an affront. The day's work set down by Murat (whose history of the United States is a very obscure work) is contrary to evidence North or South. Regular nurseries were built only on a few large plantations. The arguments in favor of slavery on pages nine and ten are stated without qualification or contradiction. I deeply regret that a Journal of Negro History should admit an article so full of statements both untrue and dangerous to the Negro race.

The experience of a Georgia peon "seems to me very doubtful. I am personally acquainted with the story of Dade's stockade, and have passed within a few miles of it, and I do not believe in the least that there is now, or has been in the past thirty years, any plantation in the South where families are brought up in servitude. The only Ponce-de-Leon spring that I know is in Florida, which is not on the road between Georgia and Mississippi. The man seems to think that Chattanooga is on the west side of the river. It is a dangerous thing to accept any such statement without thorough investigation and calling upon the relater to state exactly where these things happened, and what was his course of travel.

I should not venture to write so decidedly but that you have done so much for the cause of the Negro race, and I don't like to see you give ammunition to the enemies of your race.

Sincerely yours,Albert Bushnell Hart.

326 Flower St.,Chester, Pa.,June 26, 1922.Carter G. Woodson, Ph.D.,The Journal of Negro History,Washington, D. C.My dear Doctor Woodson:The following list of Negro delegates to the Republican National Conventions from 1868 to 1920, inclusive, from South Carolina, may be of sufficient interest for publication. As the proceedings of the conventions do not differentiate as to the racial identity of the delegates it is necessary that this data should be collected before it is too late, especially as it pertains to the Reconstruction period.While a reduction in the numbers of delegates from South Carolina, as well as from most of the Southern States, was made by the Republican National Committee in December, 1913, the State still sends a majority of Negro delegates:1868—Chicago, Ill., May 20-21.Robert Brown Elliott, Henry B. Hayne, Stephen A. Swails,Joseph H. Rainey, Wm. J. McKinlay, Robert Smalls,Henry L. Shrewsbury.1872—Philadelphia, Pa., June 5-6.At-Large—Alonzo J. Ransier.1st District—Stephen A. Swails, F. H. Frost, Henry J.Maxwell.2nd District—Robert Smalls.3rd District—Robert Brown Elliott, Wm. Beverly Nash.A. J. Ransier on Committee to notify nominees.At the Convention of 1872, General Elliott was calledupon from the floor to address the convention. Hisspeech will be found in the proceedings of the convention.1876—Cincinnati, Ohio, June 14-16.At-Large—Robert Brown Elliott, Richard H. Gleaves.1st District—Stephen A. Swails, Joseph H. Rainey.2nd District—Wm. J. McKinlay.3rd District—Wm. Beverly Nash.5th District—Lawrence Cain, Robert Smalls.Joseph H. Rainey on Committee to notify nominees.1880—Chicago, Illinois, June 2-8.At-Large—Robert Brown Elliott, Samuel Lee.1st District—Wm. A. Hayne.3rd District—Charles M. Wilder.4th District—Wilson Cooke.5th District—Wm. F. Myers, Wm. J. Whipper.Messrs. Hayne, Myers and Whipper went down to defeatwith General U. S. Grant. All received medals fortheir loyalty.1884—Chicago, Illinois, June 3-6.At-Large—Samuel Lee, Robert Smalls.1st District—John M. Freeman.2nd District—Paris Simpkins, Seymour E. Smith.4th District—Charles M. Wilder, Wilson Cooke.5th District—Eugene H. Dibble.6th District—Edmund H. Deas.7th District—Wm. H. Thompson.Samuel Lee on Committee to notify nominees. MajorJohn R. Lynch, delegate from Mississippi, was electedtemporary chairman, the first and only time that a coloredman ever presided over a Republican National Convention.1888—Chicago, Illinois, June 19-25.At-Large—Wm. F. Myers, Robert Smalls.1st District—John M. Freeman.2nd District—Fred Nix, Jr., Paris Simpkins.3rd District—F. L. Hicks.4th District—Peter F. Oliver, F. A. Saxton.5th District—Charles C. Levy, Zachariah E. Walker.6th District—Edmund H. Deas.7th District—George E. Herriott.Paris Simpkins on Committee to notify nominees.Peter Oliver seconded the nomination of General Algerfor president.1892—Minneapolis, Minn., June 7-10.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Dr. Wm. D. Crum.1st District—John H. Fordham.2nd District—Paris Simpkins, Seymour E. Smith.3rd District—A. S. Jamison.4th District—Irwin I. Miller.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—Rev. Joshua E. Wilson.7th District—R. H. Richardson.E. H. Deas on Committee to notify presidential nominee.J. H. Fordham on Committee to nominate vice-presidentialnominee.1896—St. Louis, Mo., June 16-18.At-Large—Dr. Wm. D. Crum, Robert Smalls.1st District—Robert C. Brown.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.4th District—Charles M. Wilder.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—Edmund H. Deas, Rev. Joshua E. Wilson.7th District—Zachariah E. Walker, John H. Fordham.E. H. Deas on Committee to notify presidential nominee.1900—Philadelphia, Pa., June 19-21.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Robert Smalls.1st District—Dr. Wm. D. Crum.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon, B. J. Dickerson.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—Rev. Joshua E. Wilson, Wm. H. Collier.7th District—John H. Fordham.E. H. Deas on Committee to notify presidential nominee.1904—Chicago, Illinois, June 21-23.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Dr. Wm. D. Crum.1st District—Wm. F. Myers, A. P. Prioleau.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon, E. J. Dickerson.4th District—Pratt S. Suber.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—J. R. Levy, J. A. Baxter.Dr. Crum on Committee to notify vice-presidentialnominee.1908—Chicago, Illinois, June 16-19.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Thomas L. Grant.1st District—C. M. English, P. T. Richardson.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.3rd District—G. C. Williams.4th District—Dr. Wm. Tecumseh Smith.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—J. A. Baxter, J. R. Levy.7th District—Wm. T. Andrews.Thomas L. Grant on Committee to notify presidentialnominee.1912—Chicago, Illinois, June 18-22.At-Large—Wm. T. Andrews, J. R. Levy.1st District—Thomas L. Grant, A. P. Prioleau.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.4th District—Thomas Brier.6th District—Rev. Joshua E. Wilson, J. A. Baxter.7th District—Dr. J. H. Godwyn.Rev. J. E. Wilson on Committee to notify presidentialnominee.1916—Chicago, Illinois, June 7-10.At-Large—Dr. J. H. Goodwyn, John H. Fordham.1st District—Gibbs Mitchell.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.4th District—J. A. Brier.6th District—J. R. Levy.7th District—L. A. Hawkins.J. R. Levy on Committee to notify presidential nominee.W. S. Dixon on Committee to notify vice-presidentialnominee.1920—Chicago, Illinois, June 5-9.At-Large—W. S. Dixon, Dr. J. H. Goodwyn.1st District—Gibbs Mitchell.2nd District—J. M. Jones.5th District—G. A. Watts.6th District—I. J. McCottrie.7th District—L. A. Hawkins.W. S. Dixon on Committee to notify presidential nominee.I. J. McCottrie on Committee to notify vice-presidentialnominee.Henry A. Wallace.

326 Flower St.,Chester, Pa.,June 26, 1922.

Carter G. Woodson, Ph.D.,The Journal of Negro History,Washington, D. C.My dear Doctor Woodson:

The following list of Negro delegates to the Republican National Conventions from 1868 to 1920, inclusive, from South Carolina, may be of sufficient interest for publication. As the proceedings of the conventions do not differentiate as to the racial identity of the delegates it is necessary that this data should be collected before it is too late, especially as it pertains to the Reconstruction period.While a reduction in the numbers of delegates from South Carolina, as well as from most of the Southern States, was made by the Republican National Committee in December, 1913, the State still sends a majority of Negro delegates:

1868—Chicago, Ill., May 20-21.Robert Brown Elliott, Henry B. Hayne, Stephen A. Swails,Joseph H. Rainey, Wm. J. McKinlay, Robert Smalls,Henry L. Shrewsbury.

1872—Philadelphia, Pa., June 5-6.At-Large—Alonzo J. Ransier.1st District—Stephen A. Swails, F. H. Frost, Henry J.Maxwell.2nd District—Robert Smalls.3rd District—Robert Brown Elliott, Wm. Beverly Nash.A. J. Ransier on Committee to notify nominees.At the Convention of 1872, General Elliott was calledupon from the floor to address the convention. Hisspeech will be found in the proceedings of the convention.

1876—Cincinnati, Ohio, June 14-16.At-Large—Robert Brown Elliott, Richard H. Gleaves.1st District—Stephen A. Swails, Joseph H. Rainey.2nd District—Wm. J. McKinlay.3rd District—Wm. Beverly Nash.5th District—Lawrence Cain, Robert Smalls.Joseph H. Rainey on Committee to notify nominees.

1880—Chicago, Illinois, June 2-8.At-Large—Robert Brown Elliott, Samuel Lee.1st District—Wm. A. Hayne.3rd District—Charles M. Wilder.4th District—Wilson Cooke.5th District—Wm. F. Myers, Wm. J. Whipper.Messrs. Hayne, Myers and Whipper went down to defeatwith General U. S. Grant. All received medals fortheir loyalty.

1884—Chicago, Illinois, June 3-6.At-Large—Samuel Lee, Robert Smalls.1st District—John M. Freeman.2nd District—Paris Simpkins, Seymour E. Smith.4th District—Charles M. Wilder, Wilson Cooke.5th District—Eugene H. Dibble.6th District—Edmund H. Deas.7th District—Wm. H. Thompson.Samuel Lee on Committee to notify nominees. MajorJohn R. Lynch, delegate from Mississippi, was electedtemporary chairman, the first and only time that a coloredman ever presided over a Republican National Convention.

1888—Chicago, Illinois, June 19-25.At-Large—Wm. F. Myers, Robert Smalls.1st District—John M. Freeman.2nd District—Fred Nix, Jr., Paris Simpkins.3rd District—F. L. Hicks.4th District—Peter F. Oliver, F. A. Saxton.5th District—Charles C. Levy, Zachariah E. Walker.6th District—Edmund H. Deas.7th District—George E. Herriott.Paris Simpkins on Committee to notify nominees.Peter Oliver seconded the nomination of General Algerfor president.

1892—Minneapolis, Minn., June 7-10.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Dr. Wm. D. Crum.1st District—John H. Fordham.2nd District—Paris Simpkins, Seymour E. Smith.3rd District—A. S. Jamison.4th District—Irwin I. Miller.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—Rev. Joshua E. Wilson.7th District—R. H. Richardson.E. H. Deas on Committee to notify presidential nominee.J. H. Fordham on Committee to nominate vice-presidentialnominee.

1896—St. Louis, Mo., June 16-18.At-Large—Dr. Wm. D. Crum, Robert Smalls.1st District—Robert C. Brown.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.4th District—Charles M. Wilder.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—Edmund H. Deas, Rev. Joshua E. Wilson.7th District—Zachariah E. Walker, John H. Fordham.E. H. Deas on Committee to notify presidential nominee.

1900—Philadelphia, Pa., June 19-21.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Robert Smalls.1st District—Dr. Wm. D. Crum.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon, B. J. Dickerson.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—Rev. Joshua E. Wilson, Wm. H. Collier.7th District—John H. Fordham.E. H. Deas on Committee to notify presidential nominee.

1904—Chicago, Illinois, June 21-23.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Dr. Wm. D. Crum.1st District—Wm. F. Myers, A. P. Prioleau.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon, E. J. Dickerson.4th District—Pratt S. Suber.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—J. R. Levy, J. A. Baxter.Dr. Crum on Committee to notify vice-presidentialnominee.

1908—Chicago, Illinois, June 16-19.At-Large—Edmund H. Deas, Thomas L. Grant.1st District—C. M. English, P. T. Richardson.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.3rd District—G. C. Williams.4th District—Dr. Wm. Tecumseh Smith.5th District—Wm. E. Boykin.6th District—J. A. Baxter, J. R. Levy.7th District—Wm. T. Andrews.Thomas L. Grant on Committee to notify presidentialnominee.

1912—Chicago, Illinois, June 18-22.At-Large—Wm. T. Andrews, J. R. Levy.1st District—Thomas L. Grant, A. P. Prioleau.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.4th District—Thomas Brier.6th District—Rev. Joshua E. Wilson, J. A. Baxter.7th District—Dr. J. H. Godwyn.Rev. J. E. Wilson on Committee to notify presidentialnominee.

1916—Chicago, Illinois, June 7-10.At-Large—Dr. J. H. Goodwyn, John H. Fordham.1st District—Gibbs Mitchell.2nd District—Wm. S. Dixon.4th District—J. A. Brier.6th District—J. R. Levy.7th District—L. A. Hawkins.J. R. Levy on Committee to notify presidential nominee.W. S. Dixon on Committee to notify vice-presidentialnominee.

1920—Chicago, Illinois, June 5-9.At-Large—W. S. Dixon, Dr. J. H. Goodwyn.1st District—Gibbs Mitchell.2nd District—J. M. Jones.5th District—G. A. Watts.6th District—I. J. McCottrie.7th District—L. A. Hawkins.W. S. Dixon on Committee to notify presidential nominee.I. J. McCottrie on Committee to notify vice-presidentialnominee.

Henry A. Wallace.

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