Footnotes.

Footnotes.1–Whitefield’s Works,vol. i.,p.399.2–“Life of John Erskine,D.D.,”p.107.3–Gillies’ “Historical Collections,”vol. ii.,pp.339–398.4–Scots’ Magazine, 1742,p.580.5–Ibid.,pp.437, 580.6–Weekly History, June 26, 1742.7–Christian’s Magazine, 1792,p.20.8–Weekly History, July 3, 1742.9–Weekly History, July 3, 1742.10–In one of his last sermons in London, in 1769, Whitefield exclaimed: “Once, when I was preaching in Scotland, I saw ten thousand people affected in a moment, some with joy, others crying, ‘I cannot believe,’ others, ‘God has given me faith,’ and some fainting in the arms of their friends. Seeing two hardened creatures upon a tombstone, I cried out, ‘You rebels, come down,’ and down they fell directly, and exclaimed, before they went away, ‘What shall we do to be saved?’” (Whitefield’s Eighteen Sermons, published by Gurney, 1771,p.290.)11–Mr.Robe had been the pastor of the Kilsyth church for twenty-nine years.12–Robe’s Narrative,p.87.13–Robe’s Narrative,p.159.14–An appellation given, by the French, to the Calvinists of the Cevennes, who formed a league, in 1688; and who, in their boldness, crimes, and enthusiasm, resembled the Circumcelliones of Africa.15–In reply to this monstrous edict, a pamphlet was published, with the title. “A Friendly Caution to Seceders,” in which they were persuaded not to make Whitefield’s success, and the word of God at Cambuslang and elsewhere, the reasons of their fast. The author treats “The Associate Presbytery,” and especially Adam Gibb, with great, but deserved, severity, for their behaviour to Whitefield.16–“Fraud and Falsehood Detected” was not published in Erskine’s collected works. For the sermons here mentioned, see “The Sermons and other Practical Works of theRev.Ralph Erskine.” 8vo. 1777,vol. vii.,p.373,etc.,p.423,etc., andp.441,etc.The first of these sermons was preached at Stirling, June 13, the second at Dunfermline, June11th, and the third at Abbotshall, August9th, 1742. Further attacks on the great revival may be found invol. viii.,pp.47, 104, 190,etc.17–The nine sermons were selected from Whitefield’s sermons already published.18–General Oglethorpe’s Proclamation.19–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,pp.453–459.20–TheChristian’s Magazine,vol. i., 1790,p.160.21–The two intervening days were spent in writing letters respecting his Orphan House, and other matters.22–Glasgow Weekly History,No.39.23–Weekly History, October 16, 1742.24–“Robe’s Narrative, 1742,”pp.99–107.25–Methodism had recently been introduced into Newcastle by Wesley, and Moravianism into Yorkshire by Ingham.26–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.113; and Doddridge’s “Life of Gardiner.”27–Charles Wesley was now at Newcastle, preaching with amazing power and success. (See John Nelson’s Journal.)28–Scots’ Magazine, 1742.29–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.199.30–These particulars are gleaned from a part of Cennick’s diary, for the first time published in thePrimitive Methodist Magazinefor 1865.31–Primitive Methodist Magazine, 1865,p.595.32–Whitefield’s suggestion was not adopted.Mr.Meriton, soon after this, became one of Wesley’s clerical helpers in England.33–The Society consisted of widows, married people, young men, and spinsters. At the Society meetings, these different classes of persons occupied separate places in the Tabernacle, each class receiving from Whitefield, in the colloquial style, various exhortations suitable to their different stations. (SeeDr.Campbell’s “Services at the Centenary Celebration of Whitefield’s Apostolic Labours, held in the Tabernacle, Moorfields, May 21, 1839,”p.26.)34–Ingham had recently married Lady Margaret Hastings, one of the daughters of the Earl of Huntingdon.35–“The Oxford Methodists,”p.223.36–Hervey was now a curate at Bideford, in Devonshire.37–Glasgow Weekly History,No.48.38–Howell Davies was a remarkable man. Having spent some time at a country school, he was put under the care of theRev.Griffith Jones, the founder of the “moveable free schools.” With the assistance ofMr.Jones, he made great proficiency in the Latin and Greek languages, and in other branches of learning. In due time, he was ordained a minister of the Church of England. The first church in which he was called to officiate was Lys-y-fran, in Pembrokeshire; but he was soon dismissed, on account of his zeal for Christ and the salvation of sinners. For some time, the largest churches throughout Wales were open to him; and thousands upon thousands flocked to hear him. The attendance at the monthly sacraments in his church at Haverfordwest was seldom less than two thousand, and sometimes was more than twice that number; the church being frequently emptied to make room for remaining communicants. Hestatedlypreached in four different places, besides his daily labours in houses, barns, fields, commons, and mountains. He became the chief leader of Calvinistic Methodism in Pembrokeshire; and was an intimate friend of Whitefield, whom he often accompanied in his journeys. To the day of his death, he was one of the regular supplies at the Tabernacle and at Tottenham Court Chapel, London. He also was a frequent preacher in the Tabernacles at Bristol and Kingswood, and in the Countess of Huntingdon’s chapels at Bath, Brighton, Tunbridge Wells, and other places. He died in the same year as Whitefield, and was buried in Prengast Church, Haverfordwest.—Evangelical Magazine, 1814.39–Glasgow Weekly History,No.44.40–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.98.41–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.130.42–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.107.43–Ibid.,p.126.44–TheGospel Magazine, 1771,p.33.45–Thomas Adams was one of Whitefield’s lay-preachers. We shall hear of him again.46–The Gospel Magazine, 1771,p.68.47–TheGospel Magazine, 1771,p.69.48–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.99.49–In a contemporary letter, Howell Harris says, “Whitefield preached at Aberdaw, andstoppedat Fonmon Castle.” (“Life and Times of Howell Harris.”)50–Harris says that, on this day, Whitefield also preached at Penmark. (Ibid.)51–Harris says, he also preached at Margam.52–Howell Harris says, “Several gentlemen attended, and were much affected and pleased.” (“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.127.)53–Harris says, the sermon was preached near one of Howell Davies’ churches, and that twelve thousand were present. (Ibid.,p.127.)54–I believe several of these proper names are wrongly spelt, but I give many of them as I find them. I despair of being able to correct them all.—L. T.55–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.24.56–This sermon is included in Whitefield’s collected works. It is very long, but contains nothing demanding observation.57–There was, however, a little discordance. A letter was read, from J. Richards, one of the public exhorters, “in which he objected to the division of the members of the Society intomarried,single, andwidows.” (“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.101.)58–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.62.59–Evangelical Magazine, 1814,p.418.60–Journals of J. and C. Wesley, and Minutes of Conferences, 1744–1798,p.39.61–Christian History, 1747.62–Whitefield writes “Hampton,” but the full name of the place was Minchin-Hampton.63–The title of Whitefield’s pamphlet was, “A Brief Account of the Occasion, Process, and Issue of a late Trial at the Assize held at Gloucester, March3rd, 1743, between some of the People called Methodists, Plaintiffs, and certain Persons of the Town of Minchin-Hampton, in the said County, Defendants. In a Letter to a Friend. By George Whitefield,A.B., late of Pembroke College, Oxford. London: printed for J. Robinson, at the Golden Lyon, in Ludgate Street; and sold at the Tabernacle, and byMr.John Syms, in Pitfield Street, Hoxton, 1744.” (8vo.pp.15.)64–“Memoirs of James Hutton,”p.112.65–Ibid.,p.121.66–“Memoirs of James Hutton,”p.128.67–Jackson’s “Life of C. Wesley,”vol. i.,p.350.68–C. Wesley’s Journal.69–Wesley’s Works,vol. ii.,p.28.70–See it in Wesley’s Works,vol. i.,p.401.71–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.254.72–Ibid.,p.265.73–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.270.74–TheRev.John Barker was now in the sixty-first year of his age. He began his ministry in 1709, and for four years acted as assistant to theRev.Benjamin Grosvenor,D.D.On the death of the celebrated Matthew Henry, in 1714,Mr.Barker became his successor, in Mare Street, Hackney. In 1738, for unknown reasons, he resigned his pastorate at Hackney; and, after three years of rest, became, in 1741, minister of the congregation at Salters’ Hall, where he continued until a short time before his death, in 1762. He numbered among hisintimatefriends Doddridge, Watts, Gilbert West, Lord Lyttleton,etc.(Wilson’s “Dissenting Churches in London.”)75–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.284.76–Wilson’s “Dissenting Churches,”vol. iii.,p.101.77–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.275.78–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.289.79–Doddridge’s Correspondence,vol. iv.,p.293.80–SeePrimitive Methodist Magazine, 1865,p.602.81–TheRev.Risdon Darracott, one of Doddridge’s pupils, mentioned in the foregoing letter, dated, December 12, 1743. He was an eminently devout and useful Dissenting minister, at Wellington, Somersetshire, where he died, at the early age of forty-two, in the year 1759.82–A young Dissenting minister at Taunton. Also mentioned in Doddridge’s letter.83–The reader has already seen the fluttering which these services created among the London Dissenters.84–Doubtless, theRev.Mr.Bennet, perpetual curate of Tresmere. (See C. Wesley’s Journal,vol. i.,pp.369, 376; and J. Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.197).85–TheRev.James Hervey, author of “Meditations among the Tombs,”etc., had been curate at Bideford for the last three years, and had left the town only four months before this visit by his friend Whitefield.86–One of the “public exhorters” or itinerant preachers in Wales.87–Primitive Methodist Magazine, 1865,p.661.88–At the very time when Whitefield was on his way to brave the murderous rioters in Staffordshire, he was being sanctimoniously attacked by “The Associate Presbytery” in Stirling. On December 23, the members of that body met, to renew “The Solemn League and Covenant, in a way and manner agreeable to” their “presentsituation and circumstances.” A full account of their proceedings was published in 1744; and, among the many sins of which they accuse themselves, the following was one:—“We desire to be humbled before the Lord, that some of us were not timeously enough aware ofMr.George Whitefield, a priest of the Church of England, and the danger of his way, nor timeously enough employed in warning the Lord’s people against the same; and that all of us have been too remiss, in our endeavours to prevent the sad effects, which have attended and followed upon his ministrations, particularly in this land; that we have been too little humbled for the entertainment which hath been given him; that we have been too little affected before the Lord, with the bold attack made upon the order and institutions of the Lord’s house, by thelatitudinarianprinciples which he hath propagated, and with the awful delusion wherein he has been an instrument of the Lord’s wrath unto this generation; that we have not been duly exercised in searching into the grounds of the Lord’s controversy this way; and in crying unto Him, that He would pity His heritage, and rebuke the devourer, casting the false prophet and the unclean spirit out of the land.” (Act of the Associate Presbytery,etc., 1744.)89–Whitefield, probably guided by the pronunciation of the word, writes “Wedgbury.”90–In another letter, Whitefield says: “It is near eleven at night, and nature calls for rest. I have preached five times this day (Tuesday, December 27), and, through Christ strengthening me, I could preach five times more. I was scarce ever so happy before. It is surprising how the Lord Jesus has made way for me in these parts. I lose nothing by being quiet, and leaving all to Him. The weather is like spring.”91–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.134.92–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.49.93–Wesley’s Works,vol. i.,p.427.94–Hutton’s Memoirs,pp.157–167.95–Besides the pamphlets already noticed, another may be mentioned: “A Fine Picture of Enthusiasm, chiefly drawn byDr.John Scott, formerly Rector ofSt.Giles’s in the Fields. To which is added, An Application of the Subject to the Modern Methodists, exposing the Principles and Practices of all such. Dedicated to the Bishop of London. 1744.” (8vo. 40pp.) The writer says, “Thousands are flocking after thoseenthusiasts, Whitefield and Wesley, and are being deluded into apassionate,mechanicalreligion. Wesley attempted, for some time, at the opening of his mission, to exorcise the devil out of a parcel ofweak, if notworse, women; whom he had taught to go intoagitationsandscreamingsin the public assemblies of his people.” The author acknowledges that the Methodists “have got some of themost melodioustunes that ever were composed for church-music; there isgreat harmonyin their singing, and it is veryenchanting; but the hymns they sing are immediate addresses to theSon of God, as the supreme object of worship, and represent Him as much more friendly and compassionate to the human world than God the Father ever was. And, lest men should not be enough affected with thenameand thesufferingsof Jesus, one of thoseartful teachershas ordered theticketsfor his people to be impressed with thecrucifix.”96–Cruttenden was, first of all, a Dissenting minister; but, as he did not believe the truths he preached, he relinquished the pulpit, and betook himself to business. This he pursued with considerable success, and, in process of time, was chosen the Lord Mayor’s Common Hunt. After the loss of his property, he principally subsisted upon the profits of a place in the post office. He became a member of the Miles Lane congregation, and died, happy in God, in 1763. We shall hear of him again.97–Primitive Methodist Magazine, 1865,p.662.98–Seymour’s “Memoirs of Whitefield,”p.66.99–Christian History, 1744.100–Evangelical Magazine, 1805.101–A Sermon on Samson, a type of Christ. To which is added an Exposition of Ephesiansv.22–33; prefaced and recommended by theRev.Mr.Whitefield. Sold byMr.John Syms, in Ironmonger Row, nearSt.Luke’s Church, Old Street; John Lewis, printer, in Bartholomew Close, near West Smithfield; orMr.Wharton, at the Tabernacle.102–Christian History, 1744.103–Ibid.104–Christian History,vol. vi.,p.40, 1744.105–Though “printed and sold by J. Lewis, in Bartholomew Close,” theChristian Historywas really under the control of Whitefield. In an advertisement appended toNo.3,vol. vi., 1744, it is stated, that the publication “contains a general account of the progress of the gospel, under the ministry of theRev.Mr.Whitefield, his fellow-labourers, and assistants;” that, though originally published in the folio size, “Mr.Whitefieldhadorderedit to be printed in a pocket volume, as judging it less cumbersome;” and that it was “theRev.Mr.Whitefield’s desire to have the volumes made as public as possible.”It may be added, that, on Whitefield’s return from America, in July, 1748, theChristian Historywas discontinued. The last letter in it is dated “June 23, 1748;” and on the last page is the following:—“N.B. This is the last number of theChristian Historythat will be printed.”106–At this time, the only Methodists in Exeter were the followers of Whitefield.107–Mr.Kennedy, Adams’s host.108–Mr.Kennedy went withMr.S. (Kennedy’s Letter.)109–In Prince’sChristian History,vol. ii.,p.320, there is a letter, written by “William Shurtleff,” minister at Portsmouth, stating that Whitefield came to Portsmouth on November 6. Shurtleff and theRev.Jabez Fitch, another Portsmouth minister, met him. Fitch asked him to preach that evening in his meeting-house. Whitefield did so; and was to have preached again next morning, but was taken ill.Respecting Prince’sChristian History, it may be stated here, once for all, that it was a periodical, in two octavo volumes, of 416 pages each, entitled, “The Christian History, containing Accounts of the Revival and Propagation of Religion in Great Britain and America, for the years 1743 and 1744. Boston: printed by S. Kneeland and T. Green, for T. Prince.”No.1 was issued on March 5, 1743; andNo.103, the last, on February 16, 1745. Many of the correspondents seem to trace to Whitefield the beginning of the revivals both in Scotland and New England.110–Sir William Pepperell, the son of a Cornish fisherman, but bred a merchant. In 1727, he was chosen one of His Majesty’s Council, and was annually re-elected until his death in 1759. In 1745, he had the command of the troops which invested and conquered Louisbourg. The king, in reward of his services, conferred upon him the dignity of a baronet of Great Britain, an honour never before, and never since, conferred on a native of New England. Just before his death, he was appointed lieutenant-general.111–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”112–Christian History,No.3,vol. vi.113–A nick-name given to Whitefield’s converts and admirers in America, and analogous to that of “Methodists” in England.114–Nichols’ “Illustrations of Literature,”vol. iv.,p.303.No wonder that, soon after the receipt of this letter, theRev.Zachary Grey,D.D., wrote and published a pamphlet, with the following title:—“A serious Address to Lay Methodists, to beware of the false Pretences of their Teachers. With an Appendix containing an Account of the fatal and bloody effects of Enthusiasm in the case of the Family of the Dutartres, in South Carolina. 1745.” (8vo. 29pp.)Dr.Grey tells his readers, asDr.Cutler, his correspondent, would have done, that “the Methodist preachers are wandering lights, gadding about with canting assurances, and leading people into bogs of delusion.” In justice to Whitefield, it must be added that he had no connection whatever with the family of the Dutartres. The family consisted of father, mother, four sons, and four daughters. In the highest degree, they were all fanatics. They withdrew from all society, believing that they alone had the true knowledge of God, and were taught by Him by signs and impulses. They refused to perform militia and highway duty, and threw off all obedience to the civil magistrates. These facts, coupled with adultery on the part of one member of the family, led Justice Simmons to issue a writ for Judith Dutartre. In executing the writ, Simmons was killed by a shot which the Dutartres fired at him and his men. Six of the fanatics were carried prisoners to Charleston, and five of them were sentenced to be hanged for murder. Three were executed, and two, on confessing their error, were pardoned. (“The Great Awakening,” by Tracy,p.79.)115–It was unfair to attribute this to Whitefield. In “An Account of the Revival of Religion in Boston, in 1740–1–2–3. By Thomas Prince, one of the Pastors of the Old South Church,” the following testimony is given by theRev.Dr.Colman:—“I do not remember any crying out, or falling down, or fainting, either underMr.Whitefield’s orMr.Tennent’s ministry, all the while they were at Boston, though many were in great concern of soul.” (p.13.)116–“A large majority in the Presbyterian Church, and many, if not most, of the Congregationalists, in New England, held that the ministrations of unconverted men, if neither heretical in doctrine nor scandalous for immorality, were valid, and their labours useful.” (The Great Awakening, by Tracy,p.66.) Gilbert Tennent was one of the first to publicly attack this monstrous error, in his famous Nottingham sermon, on “The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry.” For years afterwards, the error was furiously maintained.117–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”118–“Some,” saysMr.Hobby, “object toMr.Whitefield, because in England he is aChurchman, in Scotland aKirkman—here he is aDissenter, and there anAnabaptist—that is, he has communion withallthese churches, and therefore ought to have communion withnone.”119–TheRev.Samuel Cooke was ordained in 1739, and died in 1783, aged seventy-four.120–In a pamphlet, published in 1745, and entitled, “The Question whether it be right to turn Methodist considered,” the Methodists are divided into four sections; namely, “Moravians, Inghamites, Westleyites, and Whitefieldians.”121–Methodist Magazine, 1855,p.1111.122–A river, near Portsmouth.123–Probably, theRev.Thomas Prince, co-pastor with theRev.Dr.Sewall, of the Old South Church, Boston. He died in 1758, leaving behind him a large collection of public and private papers relating to the civil and religious history of New England. During the siege of Boston, the Old South Meeting House was used for a riding school, nearly all the timber of the pews and galleries being used for warming it, and a large portion of Prince’s manuscripts, and invaluable pamphlets employed in kindling the fires.124–Primitive Methodist Magazine, 1865,p.715–16.125–TheRev.Edward Morgan, in his “Life and Times of Howell Harris,” gives several extracts from a manuscript volume, called “A Conference Book—including a general account of the affairs of the Tabernacle, before and after the separation of John Cennick; and an account of the Preachers, Labourers, and Trustees, in connexion withMr.Whitefield, from December 1743 to 1749.” One of these extracts relates, that, an association was held in London, in 1745, at which Cennick, Harris, Hamond, Adams, Pugh, Godwin, Heatly, Thorn, Simns, and Salmon, were present. Cennick stated, that, he thought himself called to join the Moravians. He delivered up the care of the Tabernacle to Harris. The Societies in Wiltshire were given to Cennick, because they chose him as their leader. Two or three of the preachers went with him. It was agreed that Harris should remain at the Tabernacle till the commencement of 1746; and that he should then be succeeded by Herbert Jenkins.126–These were probably the following: “Twenty-three Sermons on various Subjects: to which are added several Prayers. By George Whitefield,A.B., late of Pembroke College, Oxford. A new edition, revised and corrected by the author. London: printed by W. Strahan. 1745.” (12mo. 388pp.)127–London Magazine, 1745.128–Whitefield’s influence at Boston was enormous. Among the anecdotes, extant, of his power as a preacher, the following is a specimen. When preaching in Boston, on one occasion, a violent storm of thunder and lightning came on; and, in the midst of his sermon, the congregation sat in almost breathless awe. Whitefield, observing the consternation of the people, fell on his knees, and, with characteristic pathos, repeated—“Hark,the Eternalrends the sky!A mighty voice before Him goes,—A voice of music to His friends,But threat’ning thunder to His foes:‘Come, children, to your Father’s arms;Hide in the chambers of my grace,Until the storm be overblown,And my revenging fury cease.’”The great preacher then rose up, and, addressing his awed auditors, exclaimed, “Let us now devoutly sing the ‘Old Hundred.’” The congregation started to their feet, and burst into a song of praise too memorable to be forgotten. (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.469.)129–Brainerd was a native of Connecticut, and was now about twenty-eight years of age. In 1739, he was admitted a member of Yale College; but was expelled in 1742, because he expressed his belief that one of the tutors had no religion, and because he had been guilty of attending a religious meeting prohibited by the collegiate authorities. In 1743, he began his Christian labours among the Indians. He lived in a wigwam, slept upon a bundle of straw, and fed on boiled corn, hasty pudding, and samp. His success was great. He died in the house of Jonathan Edwards, October 9, 1747, aged twenty-nine.130–“Life of Howell Harris,” 1791,p.176.131–“Further Account of God’s Dealings withRev.G. Whitefield,” 1747,pp.29 and 37.132–London Magazine, 1745,p.603.133–Habersham had now left the Orphan House.134–London Magazine, 1745,p.603.135–The war.136–Oglethorpe was now in England, and Major Horton was his military deputy in Georgia.137–“Life of Howell Harris,” 1791,p.175.138–Hutton’s Memoirs,p.189.139–James Hutton’s Memoirs,p.191.140–“Life of Howell Harris,” 1791,p.63.141–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”pp.111–114.142–Christian History, 1747,p.9.143–Ibid.,p.99.144–Christian History, 1747,p.16.145–Ibid.,p.174.146–Ibid.,p.54.147–Ibid.,p.142.148–Ibid.,p.78.149–Ibid.,p.60.150–Christian History, 1747,p.156.151–Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.286.152–Christian History, 1747,p.11.153–In the same year, a second edition was printed in Boston (8vo 22pp.), and a third in London (8vo, 24pp.).It may be added, that, about the same time, a volume of sermons was printed at Philadelphia, and entitled “Five Sermons, on the following subjects, namely: 1. Christ the Believer’s Husband. 2. The Gospel Supper. 3. Blind Bartimeus. 4. Walking with God. 5. The Resurrection of Lazarus. By George Whitefield. With a Preface by theRev.Mr.Gilbert Tennent.” Tennent’s Preface, of twelve pages, is dated, “Philadelphia, May 30, 1746;” and is laudatory, but honest and earnest.154–Pounded rice, or Indian corn.155–Indian corn ground with the husks, and fried.156–The shell of a fruit so called.157–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,pp.83, 84.158–Arminian Magazine, 1778,p.418.159–In 1618, a law was passed in Virginia, which enacted, that, “Every person should go to the Established Church on Sundays and holidays, or lie neck and heels that night, and be a slave to the colony the following week! For the second offence, he was to be a slave for a month; and, for the third, a year and a day!” (History of Virginia. ByRev.William Stith, President of William and Mary College, Virginia, 1747. 8vo.)160–Mr.Davies was born in November, 1724. In his twenty-third year, he was sent, by the Presbytery of Newcastle, Pennsylvania, to Hanover, Virginia. He encountered many obstacles, from the prejudice, bigotry, profaneness, and immorality of the people; but his earnest and able ministry triumphed over opposition, and produced great results. In 1753, by the request of the trustees of New Jersey College, he accompanied Gilbert Tennent to Great Britain. He died February 4, 1761, at the early age of thirty-six. His sermons, in three volumes, used to be exceedingly popular.161–Gillies’ “Historical Collections,”vol. ii.,p.331.162–TheRev.Samuel Finley,D.D., was an exceedingly devout and able man. Ordained in 1740, the first years of his ministry were spent in itinerating with Whitefield, Gilbert Tennent, and others, and in promoting the remarkable revival of that period. For preaching to a Presbyterian congregation in New Haven, he was arrested by the civil authority, and carried out of the colony as a vagrant. In 1744, he became minister at Nottingham, Maryland, where he also opened an academy. On the death of theRev.Samuel Davies, he became his successor as president ofPrincetonCollege, in New Jersey. In his last illness, on being asked how he felt, he answered, “I am full of triumph; I triumph through Christ.” Being asked again what he saw in eternity that made him wish to die, he exclaimed, “I see the eternal goodness of God; I see the fulness of the Mediator; I see the love of Jesus. Oh to be dissolved, and to be with Him!”Dr.Finley died in 1766, at the age of fifty, and was buried by the side of his friend Gilbert Tennent.163–Gillies’ “Historical Collections,”vol. ii.,p.333.164–Christian History, 1747,p.26.165–Christian History, 1747,p.29.166–Two months before this letter was written, the Countess of Huntingdon, at the age of thirty-nine, became a widow. Her husband, the Earl of Huntingdon, died on October13th, 1746.167–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.88.168–Seep.158,vol. i.169–Christian History, 1747,p.30.170–Christian History, 1747,p.34.171–Christian History, 1747,p.117.172–The large building erected in 1740. See page 377,vol. i.173–Christian History, 1747,p.119.174–The wife of John Edwin,Esq.,M.P., the grandson of Sir Humphrey Edwin, Lord Mayor of London. The only daughter and heir ofMr.andMrs.Edwin became a Methodist, was a particular friend of the eccentric Lady Townshend, and married Charles Dalrymple,Esq.(“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.87.)175–Christian History, 1747,p.121.176–Ibid.,p.83.177–The disputes respecting Kingswood School.178–Three months after this, Herbert Jenkins was preaching in Scotland with such success, that, “at Glasgow, he was complimented with the freedom of the city, and was entertained by the magistrates, and likewise by the Presbytery.” (Scots’ Magazine, 1747,p.403.)179–Christian History, 1747,p.128.180–Christian History, 1747,p.128.181–Christian History, 1747,p.146; and Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.p.126.182–Whether designedly or not, Whitefield, in his political sermon, pronounced eulogies on George the Second and his Government, which they hardly merited.183–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.141.184–Christian History, 1747,p.178.185–Ibid.,p.209.186–Christian History,p.211.187–Christian History,p.225.188–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”189–Gentleman’s Magazine, 1748,p.329.190–See Tracy’s “Great Awakening,”pp.388–433.191–Christian History,p.192.192–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.86.193–Ibid.194–Ibid.,vol. ii.,p.375; and “Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.117.195–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.115.196–Ibid.197–“Life and Times of Howell Harris,” 1791,p.63.198–William Pulteney, Earl of Bath, a statesman of great ability, who was born in 1682, and died in 1764. For some years, he regularly attended Tottenham Court Road chapel. In a letter to the Countess, written in 1749, he says: “Mocked and reviled asMr.Whitefield is by all ranks of society, still I contend that the day will come when England will be just, and own his greatness as a reformer, and his goodness as a minister of the Most High God. I earnestly beg your ladyship’s intercession on my behalf; that, amidst the bustle, the cares and anxieties of public life, I may have my mind roused only by the great concerns of an eternal world, and fixed on those scenes of immortality to which we are all quickly hastening.” (“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon.”)199–The celebrated nobleman, of whomDr.Johnson once remarked, that, he was “a wit among lords, and a lord among wits.” Born in 1694, and died in 1773. At the time referred to in Whitefield’s letter, his lordship had recently resigned the office of Chief Secretary of State; and, in a letter to Lady Huntingdon, written nine months afterwards, he said, “Mr.Whitefield’s eloquence is unrivalled—his zeal inexhaustible; and not to admire both would argue a total absence of taste, and an insensibility not to be coveted by anybody. Your ladyship is a powerful auxiliary to the Methodist Cabinet; and I confess, notwithstanding my own private feelings and sentiments, I am infinitely pleased at your zeal in so good a cause.” (Ibid.)200–In a letter to the Countess of Huntingdon, Lord Bolingbroke said, “Mr.Whitefield is the most extraordinary man in our times. He has the most commanding eloquence I ever heard in any person; his abilities are very considerable; his zeal unquenchable; and his piety and excellence genuine—unquestionable. The bishops and inferior orders of the clergy are very angry with him, and endeavour to represent him as a hypocrite, an enthusiast; but this is not astonishing—there is so little real goodness or honesty among them. Your ladyship will be somewhat amused at hearing that the King has represented to his Grace of Canterbury, thatMr.Whitefield should be advanced to the Bench, as the only means of putting an end to his preaching. What a keen, what a biting remark! but how just, and how well earned by those mitred lords!” (“Sketches of the Life and Labours of Whitefield,” published by “the Committee of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, for the publication of the works of Scottish Reformers and Divines,”p.271.)201–Subsequent letters will shew thatDr.Doddridge complied with Whitefield’s wish.202–The following jottings, respecting Whitefield’s visit, appeared in theGeneral Advertiser:—“Edinburgh, September 15. Yesterday, arrived here from London theRev.Mr.George Whitefield, who has lately returned from the West Indies. He is to preach this afternoon in the Orphan Hospital Park, where a tent was erected this morning for that purpose.”“Edinburgh, September 26.Mr.Whitefield has preached every day, since his arrival, in the Orphan Park, to numerous auditories; and yesterday afternoon, in the Tolbooth Kirk. He set out this morning for Glasgow.”TheScots’ Magazinesupplies further information; namely, that Whitefield made collections for the Orphan Hospital; that, on his arrival at Glasgow, he preached every day at the Gorbals, the magistrates having refused him the use of the high-church yard; that he also preached in several churches in and about Glasgow, and at Falkirk; that, after his return to Edinburgh, he preached at Fife; that his farewell sermon was delivered in the Orphan Hospital Park on October 26; and that the next day he set out for London.203–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”204–“Life of John Erskine,D.D.,”p.134.205–Gentleman’s Magazine, 1748,p.523; andGeneral Advertiser,Nov.24, 1748.206–The meaning is, Whitefield did not make collections for his Orphan House.207–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.198.208–“Life of Howell Harris,” 1791,p.196.209–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.109; and Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.225.210–Gospel Magazine, 1776,p.40.211–TheRev.E. Paxton Hood, in his recently published “Life ofDr.Watts,” says, on the authority ofDr.Gibbons, the story just related “is entirely fictitious.”Dr.Gibbons published his “Memoirs of Watts,” in 1780, thirty-two years after Watts’s death. The reader must decide whether the doctor or theGospel Magazineof 1776 is the better authority.212–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.201.213–Ibid.,p.207.214–Ibid.,p.201.215–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.212.216–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.107.217–The following extract from one of Doddridge’s letters will cast light on this. “Northampton, October 2, 1748. The spread of Moravianism has infected several weak, but affectionate people of my flock, and now appears, in spite of long dissembling, to have effected rank Antinomianism in principle, joined with a contempt of almost all external ordinances, and an entire alienation of affection from me, though among persons who have always had great reason to love me.” (Doddridge’s Diary and Correspondence,vol. v.,p.78.)218–Doddridge was now completing his “Family Expositor.”219–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.220.220–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”221–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.105.222–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,pp.220, 224.223–It is somewhat strange that this is not mentioned in Wesley’s Journal.224–Dr.Gibbons was a very learned and able man. His degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred by the University of Aberdeen, in 1764, when he was one of the tutors of the Dissenting Academy at Mile-End. He was a voluminous author, his different publications being forty-six in number. He died in 1785, and was buried in Bunhill Fields. (Wilson’s “History of Dissenting Churches.”)225–“Life and Times of Countess ofHuntingdon,”vol. i.,p.112.226–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.98.227–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.229.228–Ibid.,p.230.229–Ibid.,p.231.230–Whitefield’s home, at Plymouth, during this and every subsequent visit, was the house of Andrew Kinsman.Mr.Kinsman was now in the twenty-fifth year of his age. Seven years ago, he had been converted by reading Whitefield’s sermons. In 1745, he was married to Miss Tiley, another of Whitefield’s converts. He and his wife gave the piece of ground, at Plymouth, on which the Tabernacle was built, and also contributed generously towards the erection of that edifice. In 1750, Kinsman began to preach out of doors, at Plymouth Dock, and was subjected to the most violent persecutions. Sometimes, he was surrounded by eight or nine military drums, to drown his voice; and often he had to flee for his life. After this, he became anitinerant, and preached with great acceptance in Bristol, London, and elsewhere. At the Tabernacle, London, Shuter, the celebrated comedian, was one of his hearers, and was deeply affected by his ministry. In 1763, he was ordained as the pastor of the Society at Plymouth Dock, to which he henceforth chiefly confined his labours, with the exception of visits to London and Bristol. He died, in 1793, aged sixty-eight. (Evangelical Magazine, 1793,pp.45–60.)231–C. Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.53.232–Just about the time when this was written, Wesley, Grimshaw, and Thomas Colbeck were in the utmost danger of being murdered, at Roughlee, by a drunken mob, raised and encouraged by this same clericalMr.White. (See Wesley’s Journal.)233–White’s sermon, with its dedicatory letter, addressed to the Archbishop of Canterbury, was printed at Preston.234–Just at this time, another hostile pamphlet was published, not far from Colne: “A brief description of the Methodists; and a confutation of their dangerous principles. By John Sladdin, of Ovenden, near Halifax, a Layman. York: printed by Cæsar Ward; and sold by all the distributors of theYork Courant. 1749.” (12mo. 16pp.) The following is a brief specimen ofMr.Sladdin’s style and sentiments: “Though, before they fancied themselves to have been converted, the Methodists were openly lewd and profane, would swear and be drunk, and wallow in sensuality and voluptuousness, yet they might have a few amiable qualities; perhaps they were courteous, affable, kind, obliging, and faithful in their promises. But now, alas! by passing through those dismal stages of conversion, they have contracted such a mass of melancholy humours as hath quite soured their formerly sweet and engaging tempers into pride and envy, peevishness and faction, insolence and censoriousness. Nothing now will satisfy them but heats of fancy and transports of passion. Whilst they should be attending to the sober dictates of Scripture and right reason, they are looking forincomes,impulses, and secretmanifestations; and are apt to interpret every odd whimsy for an innate whisper from heaven, and every brisk emotion of their spirits for a smile of God’s countenance. Go, ye proud wretches, you that have swelled yourselves with conceit—you who, like a company of bladders, are blown up with your own breath, and swell and look big, and yet have nothing but wind within you; go, bring forth fruits meet for repentance, and let people see you grow more humble and lowly in your opinions.”235–Methodist preaching was begun, in this neighbourhood, in the year 1746, by John Cennick, Thomas Adams, and other “assistants” of Whitefield. A Society was formed, chiefly consisting of members of theRev.Mr.Williams’s church at Gosport, and of theRev.Mr.Norman’s at Portsmouth. In 1754, they erected Portsmouth “Tabernacle.” (Seymour’s “Memoirs of Whitefield.”)236–He was expecting her arrival from America.237–Whitefield’s Sunday congregation at Haverfordwest was estimated at nearly twenty thousand. (Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.264.)238–Her ladyship was at Bristol for the benefit of her health, and had apartments in the house of Whitefield’s brother. She was also begging money towards the erection of Bristol Tabernacle. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,pp.378–380; and Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.258.)239–Hodge’s “History of the Presbyterian Church in America,” partii.,p.241.240–“Memoirs of Franklin,”vol. i.,p.185.241–Franklin’s wife was a Miss Read, before he married her.242–Evangelical Magazine, 1803,p.28.243–“Life ofRev.Robert Robinson,”p.18.244–Both the Wesleys were now in Bristol, and they, Whitefield, and Howell Harris had a conference. Hence, the following from Charles Wesley’s Journal:—“1749, August 3. Our conference this week withMr.Whitefield andMr.Harris came to nought; I think through their fleeing off.” Was this another attempt to amalgamate Wesley’s and Whitefield’s Societies?245–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.269.246–Ibid.,p.272.247–TheRev.Mr.Thompson was rector ofSt.Gennys, near Camelford, in Cornwall. After being educated at Exeter College, Oxford, he became chaplain to theTigerman-of-war, in which he went to America. On his return to England, he succeeded to a family estate of about£500 a year, and settled atSt.Gennys. Though not an “Oxford Methodist,” he preached the doctrines of the Methodists, and was ardently attached to their leaders. He was an intimate friend of Hervey, who dedicated toMr.Thompson’s eldest daughter the first volume of his “Meditations.”Mr.Thompson was a man of considerable genius, and is said to have been the author of a volume of religious poems, which were published anonymously. He died in 1781. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon.”)248–For Haime’s own account of his success at Shaftesbury, and his unjust imprisonment, see theArminian Magazinefor 1780,p.308. He was one of the best of Wesley’s martial preachers.249–Whitefield, Howell Harris, and others held an “Association” in London, on September 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7. (See “Life and Times of Howell Harris,”p.115.)250–At Dublin, they had made a contractde præsenti, to which Wesley attached great importance, and not without reason. “Any contract made,per verba de præsenti, was, before the time of GeorgeII., so far a valid marriage, that the parties might becompelled, in the spiritual courts, to celebrate itin facie ecclesiæ:” (“The Student’s Blackstone,” by Robert Malcolm Kerr,LL.D.,p.103.)251–C. Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.178.252–Tradition says, that when Whitefield preached at Birstal, his voice was heard on Staincliffe Hill, a mile and a half from where he stood, crying, “O earth, earth, earth, hear the word of the Lord!” (Gledstone’s “Life and Travels of George Whitefield.”)253–John Wesley’s Journal.254–Ibid.255–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.264.256–“Life of Howell Harris,”p.200.257–Whitefield calls him “captain;” but, if not now, he soon afterwards was colonel.258–Wesley’s Works,vol. iii.,p.406.259–For further details, see “Life and Times of Wesley,”vol. ii.,pp.37–39.260–John Haughton, one of Wesley’s brave itinerants, who afterwards became an ordained clergyman of the Church of England. (Myles’s “Chronological History of the Methodists.”)261–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.120.262–Arminian Magazine, 1779,p.375.263–Lady Chesterfield was a natural daughter of King George the First, and therefore half-sister to his present Majesty George the Second. Her mother was Melosina de Schulenberg, Duchess of Kendal. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.462)264–Wesley’s Journal.265–James Hutton’s “Memoirs.”266–The letter wasfrankedby Martin Madan.267–Wesleyan Methodist Magazine, 1875,p.643.268–“Memoirs of Oglethorpe,”pp.370, 371.269–Three years after this,Mr.Pearsall published his “Contemplations on the Ocean, Harvest, Sickness, and the Last Judgment” (12mo. 220pp.),—a work written in the same style as Hervey’s “Meditations.”270–Sixty-three years after this, the life of Darracott was published, with the title, “The Star of the West; being Memoirs of the Life of Risdon Darracott. By James Bennett.” (12mo. 172pp.)271–The meeting-house built for Whitefield in 1740.272–Mr.Bennet, of Tresmere, a warm-hearted friend of the Methodists, and who had been an acquaintance of Wesley’s father, the Rector of Epworth. (Charles Wesley’s Journal,vol. i.,p.369.)273–The preacher here resuming his “old armour” was probably one of the two mentioned in the following extract from Charles Wesley’s Journal:—“1743. Sunday, July 17. AtSt.Ives, I heard the rector preach fromMatt.v.20. His application was downright railing at the new sect—those enemies to the Church, seducers, troublers, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites,etc.At Wednock,Mr.Hoblin, the curate, entertained us with a curious discourse on ‘Beware of false prophets.’ I stood up over against him, within two yards of the pulpit, and heard such a hodge podge of railing, foolish lies, as Satan himself might have been ashamed of.” For an account of the horrible persecutions atSt.Ives, see the “Life and Times of Wesley.” In those days, it required a bold heart for a Methodist to attempt to preach in this part of the peaceful fold of Bishop Lavington.274–James Hervey, the Oxford Methodist, had been curate here.275–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.140.276–TheRev.Aaron Burr was now thirty-six years of age. He had graduated at Yale College, and had been the pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Newark, in New Jersey. He died in 1757, aged forty-three. He married a daughter of the celebrated Jonathan Edwards; and his son, Aaron Burr, became vice-president of the United States. The College at Princeton was greatly indebted to its first president.277–Thomas Hartley,M.A., was rector of Winwick, in Northamptonshire. He was a man of great ability, an earnest Christian, a millenarian, and a mystic. His “Paradise Restored” is one of the ablest books, respecting the millennium, in the English language, and deserves attention.278–It was about this period that John Thorpe was converted. Thorpe was a young man of twenty, and a most virulent opposer of the Methodists. In a public-house, he and his convivial companions, for a wager, agreed to mimic the preaching of Whitefield, the Wesleys, and others. Each performer was to open the Bible, and hold forth from the first text that met his eye. After three, in their turn, had mounted the table, and exhausted their stock of buffoonery, it devolved on Thorpe to close the irreverent scene. “I shall beat you all,” he said, as he ascended the table. He opened the Bible, and the text his eye fell upon was, “Except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.” Conviction of sin at once seized him, and he proceeded to preach a sermon, not in banter, but with the most serious earnestness. When he left the table, not a syllable was uttered concerning the wager. Profound silence pervaded the company. Thorpe immediately went home. This was his last bacchanalial revel. He soon joined Wesley’s Society, at Rotherham. In 1752, he became one of Wesley’s itinerant preachers, and continued to act as such for twelve years afterwards. He then turned Calvinist. The Rotherham Society was rent in twain. The seceders formed themselves into a Dissenting Church. Thorpe became their minister; and, in 1776, died, “the pastor of the Independent Church at Masborough.” (Evangelical Magazine, 1794,pp.45–50.)279–William Green, a schoolmaster, was the principal Methodist at Rotherham. His house was the preachers’ home. On one occasion, the mob caught William by the hair of his head, and dragged him through the streets. On another, he was hunted by hounds, and escaped by climbing a tree, and hiding himself among its foliage. (Everett’s “Methodism in Sheffield,”pp.84–86.)280–Charles Wesley, under the date of “July 16, 1751,” writes: “The door at Sheffield has continued open ever sinceMr.Whitefield preached here, and quite removed the prejudices of our first opposers. Some of them were convinced by him, some converted, and added to the Church.” (C. Wesley’s Journal.)281–Methodism in Manchester was begun in 1747, when a few young men formed themselves into a Society, and hired a garret in which to hold their services. Christopher Hopper speaks of preaching in this attic meeting-house, in 1749, when his “congregation consisted of not more than from twenty to thirty persons.”282–Wesley and his preachers had encountered violent persecutions at Bolton. (See “Life and Times of Wesley.”)283–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon.”284–Wesley had been in Ireland since April7th. At Cork, the mayor, the town drummers, and his serjeants, followed by an innumerable mob, had marched to Wesley’s meeting-house. The rabble pelted Wesley with whatever came to hand. Many of the congregation were roughly handled. All the seats and benches of the chapel, the floor, the door, and the frames of the windows, were burnt. The mob patrolled the streets, abusing all who were called Methodists. The windows ofMr.Stockdale’s house were smashed to atoms. At length, the soldiers appeared, and the mayor and his myrmidons turned cowards.285–Scots’ Magazine, 1750,p.302.286–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.186.287–Scots’ Magazine, 1750,p.348.288–Ibid.289–Ibid.290–“The Oxford Methodist,”p.260.291–Hervey’s Letters.292–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.164.293–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.163.294–The letter was probably addressed to Robert Swindells, against whom the notorious grand jury at Cork, in 1749, made a presentment, and prayed for his transportation. For more than forty years, Robert Swindells was one of Wesley’s itinerant preachers. “He died,” says Atmore, in his “Methodist Memorial,” “in 1783, full of days, riches, and honour.” Wesley writes: “In all those years, I never knew him to speak a word which he did not mean; and he always spoke the truth in love. One thing he had almost peculiar to himself,—he had no enemy.”295–The Duke of Somerset, who died in 1748, entertained a high opinion ofMr.Browne. When his grace was not able to lead the prayers of his family himself, he was accustomed to employ the poet as his chaplain. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.127.)296–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.167.297–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.406.298–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.410.299–The reference here is not to anything done by Wesley, as Southey and Philip imagined, but to the fact that, during the previous year, an immense amount of mischief had been effected by an infamous man, named Roger Ball, who had gained access to the pulpits of the Methodists, and had even been domiciled as a member of Wesley’s Dublin family. The man was an Antinomian of the worst description, a crafty debauchee, full of deceit, and teaching the most dangerous errors. (See “Life and Times of Wesley.”)300–Wesley’s Journals.301–Kindly supplied byMr.Stampe, of Grimsby.302–TheScots’ Magazinefor 1751 (p.356) says: “Mr.George Whitefield arrived at Glasgow, from Ireland, July10th; preached there some days, and came to Edinburgh on the18th, where he preached generally twice a day in the Orphan Hospital Park. He set out for England on the6thof August.”303–Doddridge’s Diary and Correspondence,vol. v.,p.217.304–Wesley had just published his “Serious Thoughts upon the Perseverance of the Saints.” (12mo. 24pp.)305–See Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.462.306–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.453.307–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.438.308–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”309–TheScots’ Magazinefor 1752 (pp.414 and 462), says: “Mr.George Whitefield arrived at Edinburgh on September2nd, and preached, morning and evening, every day, in the Orphan Hospital Park. He made a tour to the west on September27th; returned to Edinburgh, October5th; and, on the10th, set out for England.”310–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.152.311–“Life and Times of Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.138.312–Both were now in London.313–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.477.314–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.203.315–TheRev.W. Grigsby, the present minister of thethirdTabernacle, writes: “June 13, 1876. The only thing, besides the name and memory of Whitefield, at the Tabernacle, is the pulpit in which he preached; which, when the old place was taken down, was transferred to the new one, unaltered in form or size, but not in outward appearance.”316–The new plantation at Bethesda.317–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.194.318–“Life of Charles Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.19.319–The French Church, in Grey Eagle Street, Spitalfields, of which Wesley had taken possession in 1750. It stood where the brewery of Truman, Buxton, and Hanbury stands now.320–“Life and Times of Wesley,”vol. ii.,pp.121–126.321–Hutton’s Memoirs,pp.579, 580.322–Rimius’s “Supplement to the Candid Narrative,”etc.,pp.93–96.323–The story was, thatMr.William Bell was one of the Moravian financial agents, and that, in order to revive his “drooping spirits,” in reference to the Moravian debts, Bohler requested him to come to his house in “Nevil’s Alley, Fetter Lane.” After much persuasion, Bell came, and “was introduced into a hall, where was placed an artificial mountain, which, upon singing a particular verse, was made to fall down; and then, behind it, was discovered an illumination, representing Jesus Christ andMr.Bell, sitting near each other, while, out of the clouds, was represented plenty of money falling round about them.” It is notable that Bohler, in his letter, does not deny the actual occurrence of the “artificial mountain scene.”324–Rimius’s quotation from Zinzendorf’s book was, “TheEconomistsof the Society may say to a rich young man, ‘Either give us all thou hast, or get thee gone.’”325–Hutton’s Memoirs,pp.304–306.326–In 1755, Zinzendorf and James Hutton, his editor, published in two parts, making together more than 200 octavo pages, an amusing, but extremely foolish, answer to the accusations brought against the Moravians by Whitefield and others. The following was the confused title, punctuation and italics not excepted:—“An Exposition, or True State, of the Matters objected to inEnglandto the People known by the name ofUnitas Fratrum: In which,Factsare related as they are; the trueReadingsand sense ofBooks, said to be his, (which have been laid to his Charge sometimes without sufficient Proof that they were so, and been moreover perverted and curtailed) are restored;Principlesare laid down as they ought, fairly; thePractice, as it has been, is at present, and is intended for the future, is owned. By theOrdinaryof the Brethren. TheNotesandAdditions, by theEditor. London: printed for J. Robinson, in Ludgate Street. 1755.” This was an odd production; but no good end would be answered by quotations from it.327–Under the date of “November 3, 1753,” Wesley wrote: “I read Andrew Frey’s Reasons for leaving the Brethren. Most of what he says, I knew before; yet I cannot speak of them in the manner in which he does: I pity them too much to be bitter against them.”328–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.16.329–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.203.330–Benjamin Rhodes, now a boy of eleven years of age, but afterwards one of the best of Wesley’s itinerant preachers, was present at Birstal. He writes: “I went with my father to Birstal to hearMr.Whitefield. I found my soul deeply affected under the word. At first, I had a kind of terror; but, before the sermon was ended, my heart was melted into tenderness, and sweetly drawn after God.” (Arminian Magazine, 1779,p.358.)331–No doubt Wesley’s old chapel, the Orphan House.332–When he had a chance, Wesley reciprocated this. Under the date of “August14th, 1753,” the very time when Whitefield was preaching in the “Orphan House” at Newcastle, Wesley wrote: “I willingly accepted the offer of preaching in the house lately built forMr.Whitefield, at Plymouth Dock. Thus it behoveth us to trample on bigotry and party zeal. Ought not all who love God to love one another?” (Wesley’s Works,vol. ii.,p.287.)333–The original Society Book of the Osmotherley Methodists still exists, and contains the following entry: “1753. August21st.Mr.George Whitefield preached here in the evening.” From a manuscript “History of Methodism in Barnardcastle,” it appears that, at this time, Whitefield also paid a visit there. On arriving, he enquired if there were any religious persons in the town. “Yes,” was the prompt reply, “There are theLilty Pattens”—a nickname given to the Barnardcastle Methodists, from the circumstance that they went to their meeting-house inpattens. He preached in a yard, out of the Horse Market, from Ezekielxxxiii.11.334–TheNewcastle Journal, of August 11, 1753, contained a paragraph to this effect.335–This was one of Wesley’s Societies. In fact, Whitefield’s former friends, the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists, had no Societies in the north of England; nor had Whitefield himself.336–This is only true in the sense that Whitefield had not been in this part of the kingdom until now. John Bennet and others had already formed Methodist Societies in all the places mentioned, except, perhaps, Wrexham.337–Twelve months before, when Wesley was at Chester, there was great disturbance; and, a few days after his departure, the mob destroyed his meeting-house.338–Probably this was John Newton, then a tidewaiter at Liverpool, but afterwards curate of Olney, and rector ofSt.Mary, Woolnoth, London.339–Probably William Darney, one of Wesley’s itinerants.340–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.343.341–It is a curious fact that this remarkable man was sometimes almost fascinated by Whitefield’s preaching. On one occasion, when the great preacher was representing the sinner under the figure of a blind beggar, whose dog had broken from him, and who was groping on the brink of a precipice, over which he stepped, and was lost, Chesterfield was so excited by the graphic description, that he bounded from his seat, and exclaimed, “By heavens, the beggar’s gone.” It is also related, that when it was proposed in the Privy Council that some method should be used to stop Whitefield’s preaching, Chesterfield, who was present, turned upon his heels, and said, “Make him a bishop, and you will silence him at once.”342–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,pp.378–380.343–The centenary services of this venerable edifice were held on November25th, 1853, when a sermon was preached by theRev.JohnAngellJames, and addresses were delivered by theRevs.G. Smith, Henry Quick, J. Glanville, andDr.Joseph Beaumont; the whole of which were published, in a 12mo. volume of 159 pages.344–Mrs.Grinfield, one of the ladies who attended on Queen Caroline.345–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.381.346–Arminian Magazine, 1779,p.318347–A Methodist from Leeds,—one of Charles Wesley’s most devoted friends. When Charles was summoned to London, on account of his brother’s illness,Mr.Hutchinson, who was staying at Bristol, for the benefit of his health, resolutely determined to bear him company. He died, at Leeds, seven months after this, on which occasion Charles Wesley composed two beautiful hymns. In a letter to his wife, dated “Leeds,” Charles exclaims, with his characteristic ardour, “I have been crying in the chamber whence my John Hutchinson ascended. My heart is full of him, and I miss him every moment; but he is at rest.” (C. Wesley’s Journal.)348–“Life of C. Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.33; and Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.45.349–“Life of C. Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.33.350–Hodge’s “Presbyterian Church in the United States,” partii.,p.243.351–Ibid.352–Mr.Davies kept a diary, from which the following extract is made:—“Wednesday,Dec.26, 1753.Mr.Whitefield having sent us an invitation to make his house our home during our stay here, we were perplexed what to do, lest we should blast the success of our mission among the Dissenters, who are generally disaffected to him. We at length concluded, with the advice of our friends and his, that a public intercourse with him would be imprudent in our present situation; and we visited him privately this evening. The kind reception he gave us revived dearMr.Tennent. He spoke in the most encouraging manner of the success of our mission, and, in all his conversations, discovered so much zeal and candour, that I could not but admire the man as the wonder of the age. When we returned,Mr.Tennent’s heart was all on fire, and, after we had gone to bed, he suggested that we should watch and pray; and we arose and prayed together till about three in the morning.” (Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield,”p.258.)353–According to the “old style,” Whitefield was born on December16th. In 1751, an Act of Parliament was passed for the adoption of the “new style” in all public and legal transactions; and ordered that the day following the2ndof September of the year 1752 should be accounted the14thof that month. This explains the seeming discrepancy in Whitefield’s letter.354–Gillies says, Whitefield took twenty-two destitute children with him.355–Vol. xii.,p.479.356–No doubt, New Jersey College had legal authority to confer the degree: but, under the circumstances then existing, the degree was worthless. The first time thatM.A.was attached to Whitefield’s name in England was in 1763. This was done in his “Observations” on the Bishop of Gloucester’s book; but it is right to add that the pamphlet was printed by Whitefield’s friends,afterhe had embarked for America.357–TheRev.Aaron Burr, President of New Jersey College.358–“Account of European Settlements in America, 1778,”vol. ii.,p.270.359–London Magazine, 1754,p.381.360–Sir William Pepperell, the Cape Breton hero.361–Whitefield’s Works,vol. ii.,p.419.362–“Life of Charles Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.67.363–A charter to found a college was granted by the Governor of New Jersey on October 22, 1746, andMr.Dickinson was appointed president. Dickinson, however, died a year afterwards, and before the charter was carried into operation. Besides this, the provisions of the charter were not liked; and hence, in 1748, Governor Belcher obtained a new one from GeorgeII., Burr was chosen president, a commencement was made, six students graduated, five of whom became ministers. (Hodge’s Presbyterian Church in the United States.)364–Burr had married one of Edwards’s daughters.365–A fast-day sermon, on the encroachments of the French, published in 1755.366–Mr.Burr died three years after this. One of his two children became vice-president of the United States.367–The publication of these letters has been already noticed.368–Mrs.Bevan was the widow of Arthur Bevan,Esq., who, for fourteen years, represented Carmarthen in Parliament. She was converted under the ministry of the famous Griffith Jones. For twenty years after his death, she supported his schools in Wales, and in her will left£10,000 to perpetuate their good effects. She was an elegant and accomplished woman; and, at every visit, Whitefield was wont to preach in her house at Bath. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.454.)369–Ibid.,p.195.370–Cennick died exactly a week before this letter was written.371–“Memoirs ofRev.Cornelius Winter.” By William Jay.372–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,pp.336, 337.373–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.132.374–Ibid.,p.136.375–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.344.376–“The Oxford Methodists,”p.290.377–This was afterwards published, with the following title: “An Epistle to theRev.Mr.George Whitefield: written in the year 1755. By Charles Wesley,A.M., late student of Christ Church, Oxford. London, 1771.” (8vo. 8pp.)378–The place at Bradford where Whitefield preached was “in an open part of the town, near the water-side. His texts were, Johniii.14, and1Johniii.8.” (“Memoirs of John Fawcett,D.D.,”pp.15–17.)379–There had been a schism among the Leeds Methodists. A considerable number had seceded; John Edwards had formed them into a separate Society; and, probably, the meeting-house Whitefield mentions was intended for Edwards and his congregation. Wesley’s first chapel in Leeds was built two years afterwards, inSt.Peter’s Street.380–Wesley’s Societies. Except the Societies formed by Ingham and his friends in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Lancashire, Westmoreland, and Cumberland, none others existed in the north of England.381–The Long Acre chapel does not now exist. In Charles Street, a few yards from Long Acre, there is a building called “Whitefield’s Presbyterian Church;” but its minister, theRev.C. J. Whitmore, tells me it is not the chapel in which Whitefield preached.382–Wilson’s “Dissenting Churches in London,”vol. iii.,p.365.383–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.166.384–A popular, and also persecuted preacher, who had died forty-three years before. He was the son of a clergyman, ejected for nonconformity in 1662. In 1709,Dr.Sacheverell’s mob attacked Daniel’s meeting-house, in New Court, Lincoln’s-Inn-Fields, broke all the windows, and burnt the pulpit and all the pews. His sermons, like Whitefield’s, contained many pertinent and useful stories.385–On the earthquake at Lisbon.386–“Letters fromDr.Thomas Herring.” (12mo.pp.355.)387–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.16.388–London Magazine, 1756,p.89.389–See a pamphlet, entitled “A Brief View of the Conduct of Pennsylvania for the Year 1755.”390–Even theMonthly Review—no friend to Whitefield—in its number for March, 1756, wrote concerning Whitefield’s “Short Address”: “Mr.Whitefield here makes good use of the influence he has acquired over the common people, by endeavouring to animate them, at this critical juncture, with a lively sense of the duty they owe to their God, their king, and their country. It is with sincere pleasure we find that this seasonable exhortation has had so considerable a spread as to occasion a demand for three editions; the first of which did not appear till after the late general fast.”391–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.158.392–Gospel Magazine, 1831,p.563.393–The almshouses and the minister’s house do not now exist. In “Whitefield Street,” and annexed to the chapel, a commodious Day and Sunday school has been built. In one of the chapel vestries there is a large original portrait of Whitefield, without, however, the painter’s name. The likeness is not a pleasing one. On each side of the chapel is a burial ground, now closed.394–MS.Letter by John Pawson.395–“Centenary Commemoration of the Opening of Tottenham Court Chapel,”p.5.396–New Spiritual Magazine, 1783,p.20.397–Home Missionary Magazine, 1827,p.35.398–Its name is “Whitefield Tabernacle,” and connected with it are “Whitefield Tabernacle Schools,” for boys, girls, and infants.399–Wilson’s “Dissenting Churches,”vol. iii.,p.118.400–Sydney’s “Life ofRev.Samuel Walker,”p.329.401–Ibid.,p.436.402–St.James’s Chronicle, March 16, 1768.403–Doubtless, Whitefield’s “Short Address to Persons of all Denominations.”404–Evangelical Magazine, 1803,p.51.405–The following is taken from theLondon Magazinefor 1756,p.402:—“August. At Maidstone late assizes,Mr.John Lauder, an officer in a regiment of foot, was tried for killing, with his sword, in the heat of passion and liquor, William Forster, a post-boy.Mr.Lauder behaved very decently at his execution.”406–Whitefield’s old friend, Benjamin Ingham, was now resident at Aberford, about five miles from Tadcaster. (“The Oxford Methodists,”p.139.)407–One of Whitefield’s texts was, “Wherefore, glorify ye the Lord in the fires” (Isa.xxv.14), in illustrating which he was wont to say: “When I was, some years ago, at Shields, I went into a glass-house, and saw a workman take a piece of glass, and put it into three furnaces in succession. I asked, ‘Why do you put it into so many fires?’ He answered, ‘Oh, sir, the first was not hot enough, nor the second, and therefore we put it into the third; that will make it transparent.’ ‘Oh,’ thought I, ‘does this man put this glass into one furnace after another, that it may be made perfect? Then, O my God! put me into one furnace after another, that my soul may be transparent!’” (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.370.)408–“Memoirs of John Fawcett,D.D.,”p.19.409–Methodist Magazine, 1819,p.56.410–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.190.411–C.Wesley’s Journal.412–Vol. i.,p.266.413–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.191.414–“Life ofRev.Henry Venn,”p.24.415–Whitefield’s Works,vol. v.,p.275.416–This is hardly correct. Whitefield and the Wesleys administered the sacraments, in London, Bristol, and other places. Their unordained preachers, however, were not allowed to do this until many a long year afterwards.417–Meaning the Methodist clergymen.418–“Life of Garrick,” by Fitzgerald.419–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.208.420–“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.26.421–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,pp.207, 208.422–Scots’ Magazine, 1757,p.260.423–“Annals of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, from 1739 to 1766,”vol. ii.,p.373.424–“Annals of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, from 1739 to 1766,”vol. ii.,p.394.425–Ibid.,p.102.426–Scots’ Magazine, 1757,p.260.427–Thomas Rankin’sMS.Journal.428–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.154.429–Ibid.,p.158.430–The “Ormond Boys” were in favour of the popish pretender, and were so designated after the arch-traitor, the Duke of Ormond. The “Liberty Boys,” of course, were their opponents.431–Frederick, King of Prussia, was rendering England important service; for while the English were fighting the French in America, he was fighting and conquering them in Europe. “The wonderful battle of Rossbach,” says Voltaire, “was the most inconceivable and complete rout mentioned in history. Thirty thousand French and twenty thousand Imperial troops there made a disgraceful precipitate flight before five Prussian batallions and a few squadrons.” In England, Frederick was styled the “Protestant hero;” his birthday was kept as a holiday; public subscriptions were proposed for him; and Parliament granted him a subsidy of£670,000 per annum to enable him to prosecute the war.432–Christopher Hopper was now one of Wesley’s preachers in Dublin. In his autobiography, Christopher is silent respecting Whitefield’s perilous adventure.433–Most of Whitefield’s biographers, and some writers of the History of Methodism, say John Edwards, of Leeds, was converted under Whitefield’s sermon on Oxmanton Green. This is an egregious blunder. John Edwards was converted, and was himself a Methodist preacher, many a long year before this. As a rule, I refrain from noticing the errors of previous biographers.—L. T.434–Whitefield was strongly urged to visit America. In an hitherto unpublished letter, by theRev.James Davenport, dated, “Hopewell, January 17, 1757,” the writer says: “Pray come to see our dear America once more, as soon as you can. You cannot tell what God might do at this juncture. Many, no doubt, would rejoice greatly. Oh, my dear brother, that there were a heart in our land, under our present dangers and distresses, to turn to God! Then we might, in the Lord’s strength, soon drive out our temporal enemies, and come off more than conquerors over our spiritual ones. I hope you remember our agreement to pray for each other, in secret, every Sabbath morning. Oh, how sweet are the thoughts of heaven, where we may converse, and rejoice, and praise, and enjoy and glorify God, our Father, Redeemer, and Sanctifier, without any stop, world without end. My soul joins with yours in saying, ‘Come, Lord Jesus, come quickly! Amen!’”435–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.428.436–Dr.Talbot, in 1767, became vicar ofSt.Giles’s, Reading. He was an able preacher, and remarkable for the gift of prayer. When Secker, Archbishop of Canterbury, was dying, Talbot visited him. “You will pray with me, Talbot,” said Secker. Talbot rose and went to look for a Prayer-Book. “That is not what I want now,” remarked the Archbishop: “kneel down by me, and pray for me in the way I know you are used to do.”Dr.Talbot died, on the2ndof March, 1774, in the57thyear of his age, in the house of his friend, the great philanthropist, William Wilberforce. (Evangelical Magazine, 1815,pp.393–400.)437–Lord Dartmouth succeeded to the earldom in 1750, being then about twenty-five years of age. In 1755, he married the only daughter and heiress of Sir Charles Gunter Nicholl. Shortly after his marriage, he became the intimate friend of Lady Huntingdon, to whom he was introduced by the Countess of Guildford. It was in Lady Huntingdon’s house, that he first became acquainted with Whitefield, the Wesleys, Romaine, Jones, Madan,etc.George the Third appointed him principal Secretary of State for the American department, which office his lordship afterwards exchanged for that of Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. Some years later, he was made Lord Steward of His Majesty’s Household. He contributed largely towards Whitefield’s Orphan House. He was the early patron of theRev.Moses Browne; obtained ordination for theRev.John Newton; and was celebrated by Cowper, in his poem on Truth:—“We boast some rich ones whom the gospel sways,And one who wears a coronet and prays.”438–Evangelical Magazine, 1815,p.394.439–Ibid.,p.395.440–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.431.441–Fletcher, of Madeley, was ordained in 1757.442–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,pp.220, 221.443–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.219.444–Miss Gideon was the daughter of Sampson Gideon,Esq., of Belvidere House, Kent, and sister of the first Lord Eardley. She was converted in the drawing-room of Lady Huntingdon. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.3.)445–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.232.446–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.228.447–Evangelical Magazine, 1803,p.333.448–“Memoirs of Robert Robinson,”p.25.449–Evangelical Magazine, 1803,p.535.450–Scots’ Magazine, 1758,p.388.451–Scots’ Magazine, 1758,p.609.452–There can be little doubt that this was Wesley’s chapel, inSt.Peter’s Street. It was built in 1757.453–TheDaily Advertiser, of October 27, 1758, says: “We hear that, for this month past, theRev.Mr.Whitefield has been preaching twice a day, to very large audiences, in various parts of Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Staffordshire, and is expected in town this week.” The same journal, on the following day, announced, “On Thursday evening (October 26), theRev.Mr.Whitefield came to town, from Scotland and the north of England; and will preach to-morrow at Tottenham Court chapel, and at the Tabernacle in Moorfields.”454–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,pp.246–250.455–New Spiritual Magazine, 1783,p.164.456–Wesley’s Journal.457–C.Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.219.458–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.307.459–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.314.460–Scots’ Magazine, 1759,p.378.461–Ibid.462–Cadogan’s “Life ofRev.W. Romaine,”p.37.463–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”464–Calamy’s “Nonconformist’s Memorial,”vol. i.,p.237.465–Free’s edition of Wesley’s Second Letter.466–See “Life and Times of Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.343.467–Whitefield’s text, at Tottenham Court Road, was Hoseaxi.8, 9; and the collection£222 8s.9d.At the Tabernacle, his text was Psalmlxxx.19; and the collection£182 15s.9d.(Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”) TheRev.John Newton stated, that, at one of these services, after the sermon, Whitefield said, “We shall sing a hymn, during which those who do not choose to give their mite may sneak off.” None of the congregation stirred. Whitefield ordered all the doors to be shut but one; at which he himself held the plate. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.92.)468–C.Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.235.469–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.408.470–Lady Huntingdon also was now in Yorkshire. Whitefield joined her, at Ingham’s, at Aberford. Great confusion prevailed in Ingham’s Societies. The Countess and Whitefield tried to restore peace; but their efforts were ineffectual. Sandemanianism produced a schism. Out of eighty flourishing Societies, only thirteen continued under Ingham’s care. (“Oxford Methodists,”p.145.)471–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,pp.260–263.472–Cook’s “Memoirs of Foote;” and “Biographica Dramatica.”473–Boswell’s “Life of Johnson.”474–The Duke of Devonshire was Lord Chamberlain.475–Lloyd’s Evening Post, July 14, 1760.476–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.209.477–Monthly Review, July, 1760.478–Ibid., August, 1760.479–Lloyd’s Evening Post,Nov.24, 1760.480–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.209.481–Madan did not attach his name to his letter, but signed it, “Anti-Profanus.”482–It might be added, that portraits—hideous ones—of Whitefield were published, with the offensive words “Dr.Squintum” underneath them. One lies before me.483–Monthly Review, November, 1761.484–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”485–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”486–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.210.At and about this period, Whitefield made several other collections for the suffering Protestants in Germany, the aggregate amount of which was upwards of£1500. For this, he received the thanks of the King of Prussia, Frederick the Great. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.209.) The freeholders of Boston, also, held a meeting, at which they passed a vote of thanks to Whitefield for the assistance he had rendered them. (Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”)487–Lloyd’s Evening Post, March 27, 1760.488–Wesley’s Works,vol. xii.,p.177.489–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”490–Monthly Review, March, 1762.491–Thomas Adams, to whom Whitefield, in his last will and testament, bequeathed£50, and whom he therein described as, “my only surviving first fellow-labourer, and beloved much in the Lord.”492–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.281.493–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.281.494–Gospel Magazine, 1771,p.65.495–Wesleyan Protestant Methodist Magazine, 1831,p.29.496–Query?Mr.Beckman, on whose death, Whitefield subsequently preached a sermon. (See Eighteen Sermons, by Whitefield, taken in shorthand by Joseph Gurney, 1771.)497–Evangelical Magazine, 1796,p.518.Mr.West’s residence was in Southampton Place, but he died in the house of his old friend Whitefield, adjoining the Tabernacle, in Moorfields. For thirteen years, his sufferings were terrible; but his patience and cheerfulness were surprising to all who knew him. A few days before his death, he became very ill while attending service in the Tabernacle. The doctor would not permit him to be removed to his own house, as it was probable the removal would issue in his death. To the minister of the Tabernacle, he said, “Christ is kind to me. I long for my dissolution. O! my dear boy, preach, preach Christ to the people! Never spare them. Be faithful to them; and think of the worth of a precious soul. Go on, and never be tired.”Mr.West was interred under the communion table of Tottenham Court Road chapel, in a vault containing the remains of Whitefield’s wife, also of his own wife, and ofMr.Keen, his “trusty” colleague. It is worth mentioning that Whitefield and West died on the same day of the year, the30thof September, and that they and Keen all died on the same day of the month. (Evangelical Magazine, 1796,pp.518–21.)498–Eighteen Sermons, by Whitefield, transcribed by Gurney,p.44.499–Ibid.,p.75.500–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.406.501–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.286.502–Eighteen Sermons, by Whitefield,p.24.503–MS.504–Whitefield’s pamphlet had an enormous circulation. At least, six editions were issued in 1763.505–In 1739.506–Wesley’s Journal.507–Soon after his embarkation, it was reported that Whitefield was dead. (Lloyd’s Evening Post, September 26, 1763.)508–Lady Selina Hastings, who died of fever, on May 12, 1763.509–“Life of C. Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.221.510–Lloyd’s Evening Post, April 16, 1764.511–Bancroft’s “History of the United States.”512–For enlarged views, indomitable energy, and arduous toils, and for the great results of his labours in the cause of religion and learning,Dr.Wheelock had few superiors. For forty-five years, he was one of the most eloquent and successful ministers in New England. He conducted his Indian Mission School until his death, in 1779.513–“Lady Huntingdon and her Friends,”p.151.514–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.310.515–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.311.516–Ibid.,p.313.517–These, probably, were a supply of his own “Collection of Hymns,” the twelfth edition of which was this year published: 16mo., 182pp.518–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.315.519–Whitefield’s catholicity of spirit won him friendships almost everywhere. On one occasion, when preaching from the balcony of the Courthouse, in Philadelphia, in an apostrophe, he exclaimed, “‘Father Abraham, who have you in heaven? any Episcopalians?’ ‘No.’ ‘Any Presbyterians?’ ‘No.’ ‘Any Baptists?’ ‘No.’ ‘Any Methodists, Seceders, or Independents?’ ‘No, no!’ ‘Why, who have you there?’ ‘We don’t know those names here. All who are here are Christians.’ ‘Oh, is that the case? Then, God help me! and God help us all to forget party names, and to become Christians in deed and truth.’” (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.207.)520–Arminian Magazine, 1782,p.440.521–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.317.522–Lloyd’s Evening Post, April 10, 1765.523–Thomas Adams, one of Whitefield’s helpers, when he was moderator of the Calvinistic Methodists, but now the founder and pastor of the Tabernacle at Rodborough, in the county of Gloucester. (“Bristol Tabernacle Centenary Services,”p.90.)524–Notwithstanding Whitefield’s long absence, and the recentness of his return, she had been a fortnight in the country! (Whitefield’s Worksvol. iii.,p.330.)525–Messrs.Collet and Ireland were the chief men in the Bristol Tabernacle. (“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.148.)526–TheHon.andRev.Walter Shirley, brother of the notorious Earl Ferrers, and a first cousin of the Countess of Huntingdon. He had been converted under the ministry of Venn, and was now an evangelical and earnest minister of Christ.527–TheRev.Joseph Townsend, son of the celebrated Alderman Townsend, of London, and fellow of Clare Hall; Cambridge, and rector of Pewsey, in Wiltshire. He also heartily co-operated with the Methodist clergymen of the day.528–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.468.529–“The chapel,” wrote Horace Walpole, “is very neat, with true Gothic windows.” (“Life and Times of Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.558.)530–Wesley’s Journal.531–Wesley’s Journal.532–“Memoirs of C. Winter,”p.63.533–On this occasion, the Earl and Countess of Sutherland were among Whitefield’s hearers. Immediately after, the Earl was attacked with a putrid fever. For twenty-one nights and days, without intermission or retiring to rest, the Countess watched over her noble husband. She then sunk and died, the Earl himself dying seventeen days afterwards. The Earl of Sutherland was in his thirty-first, and his Countess in her twenty-fifth year. They left behind them an infant daughter, who succeeded her father in the honours of Sutherland, and married the Marquis of Stafford. She died in 1839. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.473.)534–Old Newspaper.535–This Indian school was ultimately merged in Dartmouth College, of which Wheelock was the first president.536–Brown’s “History of Missions,”vol. iii.,p.481.537–It is said, that the first Sunday school in the United States was founded in the house of Occum’s sister, a few months after his death. (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.387.)538–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.375.After the death ofMr.Powys, in 1775, his widow became the second wife of Sir Rowland Hill, of Hawkeston, Bart.539–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.338.540–Wesley’s Works,vol. iii.,p.250.541–Charles Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.247.542–Charles Wesley’s Journal,vol. ii.,p.249.543–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.476.544–“Life of John Fawcett,D.D.,”p.36.545–Evangelical Magazine, 1810,p.351.546–Methodist Magazine, 1808,p.376.547–“Mr.Whitefield,” says Fletcher, “was not a flighty orator, but spoke the words of soberness and truth, with divine pathos, and floods of tears declarative of his sincerity.” (Fletcher’s Works,vol. i.,p.298.)548–Another Methodist clergyman, who, afterwards, resided at West Bromwich. “He is,” said Henry Venn, “a very excellent man, and seems appointed to evangelise theWolds, the inhabitants of which are dark almost as the heathens.” (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.41; and Wesley’s Works,vol. iii.,p.161.)549–The famous Methodist clergyman, in Wales.550–Evangelical Magazine, 1797,pp.397–407.A small monument, in memory of Torial Joss, exists at Tottenham Court Road chapel; but, strangely enough, it is placed in one of the vestries, and, therefore, scarcely ever seen.551–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.214.552–Evangelical Magazine, 1815,p.272.553–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,pp.317–319.554–“Life ofRev.Rowland Hill,”p.25.555–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.378.556–The volumes were published in numbers. Hence the following advertisement, taken from an old newspaper: “This day is published, recommended by theRev.Mr.G. Whitefield, NumberI., containing five sheets, and a head of the author, price only sixpence, of a new and beautiful edition of the works ofMr.John Bunyan, the whole to be comprised in eighty-four numbers. Those who incline to take the work in complete sets, may subscribe for the same, paying one guinea at the time of subscribing, and the remainder on the delivery of the two volumes; and those who subscribe for six sets shall have a seventh gratis.”557–Mr.Green was one of Whitefield’s occasional assistants, but subsisted by teaching a school. (“Winter’s Memoirs,”p.45.)558–“Winter’s Memoirs,”p.68.559–“Winter’s Memoirs,”p.75.560–“Winter’s Memoirs,”p.21.561–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.344.562–Ibid.563–Wesley’s Journal.564–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.379.565–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.344; and “Life ofRev.Rowland Hill,”p.29.566–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.158.567–This was Whit-Sunday. The following is fromLloyd’s Evening Postof June 15, 1767: “They write from Haverfordwest that, on Whit-Sunday, about eight in the morning, theRev.Mr.Whitefield’s congregation consisted of upwards of ten thousand people.” The ensuing extracts are taken from the archives of the Moravian Church at Haverfordwest:—“1767. May 31. Many people flocked from the country to hearMr.Whitefield preach. At the conclusion of his sermon, at eight in the morning, he bid the people go to any place of worship where Christ alone is preached. Numbers hastened to our chapel, and crowded it; and Brother Nyberg preached to them on, ‘We preach Christ crucified.’ Our dear Saviour was in our midst.“June 7 (Whit-Sunday). Such a crowd came from hearingMr.Whitefield, that we were obliged, as on Sunday last, to drop our morning meeting; and Brother Nyberg prayed the Litany in the pulpit, and preached on, ‘He shall testify of me: and ye also shall bear witness.’ A still greater number attended the afternoon preaching, when Brother Parminster discoursed on Proverbsi.20–24. Amongst the hearers were four Methodist preachers.”568–TheRev.John Newton, who, after many rebuffs, had three years before obtained ordination, and was now curate at Olney.569–The reference here is probably to the Society of Students just mentioned, and of which Rowland Hill was theleader. (“Life ofRev.Rowland Hill,”p.26.)570–As will soon be seen, there was, at this time, a Society of Methodist Students at Oxford, similar to the Society at Cambridge.571–“Life ofRev.Rowland Hill,”p.29.572–Dr.Hodge’s “History of the Presbyterian Church in America,”pt. ii.,p.395.573–Lloyd’s Evening Post, May 4, 1758.574–The “intended buildings” were thirty-two small dwellings for the students, sixteen on each side of the Orphan House. Also two residences for tutors, a kitchen, and a laundry.575–TheRev.Mr.Zububuhler was the rector of Savannah. (“Memoirs ofRev.Cornelius Winter,”p.109.)576–Whitefield subjoins a note to this, saying, “This college was originally built, above twenty-eight years ago, for a charity school, and preaching place for me, and ministers of various denominations, on the bottom of the doctrinal articles of the Church of England.”577–Rowland Hill had called at Oxford, on his way home, and had a profitable meeting with the Methodist students there. (“Life ofRev.R. Hill,”p.31.)578–“Life ofRev.R. Hill,”p.32.579–Thomas Pentycross, who soon after became an earnest and useful clergyman of the Church of England.580–This was threatened in the case of one of Rowland Hill’s college friends. (“Life ofRev. R.Hill,”p.34).581–“Life ofRev. R.Hill,”p.34.582–Wesley’s Journal.583–“Rod for a Reviler. By Thomas Olivers, 1777,”p.58.584–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.352.585–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.299.586–Ibid.,vol. i.,p.291.587–Lloyd’s Evening Post, September 21, 1767.588–TheRev.Richard Conyers,LL.D., vicar of Helmsley, another earnest Methodist clergyman.589–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.356; and “Life and Times of Countess of Huntington,”vol. i.,p.299; and “Life ofRev.Henry Venn,”p.134.590–Wesley’s Works,vol. xii.,p.253.591–A foot-note, in Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.360, says the collection amounted to£105 13s.592–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”593–MS.Letter.594–Afterwards ennobled as Baron Erskine and Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain.595–Doubtless by Whitefield himself.596–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.18.597–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield,”p.122.598–Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.415.599–“Brief Account of Howell Harris,Esq., 1791,”p.95; and Morgan’s “Life and Times ofH.Harris,”p.243.600–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,pp.78–81.601–March 25, 1768.602–This was absolutely false. (Lloyd’s Evening Post, March 30, 1768.)603–A letter, inLloyd’s Evening Post, March 30, 1768, says it was “utterly false.”604–“Life and Times of Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.425.605–“Boswell’s Life of Johnson.”606–In the Journal of his second visit to America, Whitefield remarked, “When the spirit of prayer began to be lost, then forms of prayer were invented.” There is more truth in this than some will be willing to allow.607–Lloyd’s Evening Post, March 23, 1768.608–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.126.609–This edition of the “Letter” toDr.Durell was in 12mo., 47pp.610–Macgowan’s pamphlet on the same subject.611–“Life of Rowland Hill.” By Sidney,p.44.612–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”613–Christian Miscellany, 1856,p.218.614–Some years ago, when the chapel was seriously injured by fire, this monument was destroyed.615–“Annual Register,” 1769,p.110.616–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”617–Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”618–“Whitefield’s Eighteen Sermons,” transcribed by Gurney,p.199.619–There can be little doubt that this was the portrait by Hone, of which the engraving in the present volume is a copy. The Royal Academy was founded in 1768, and Hone was one of its first members.620–Wesley’s Journal.621–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.128.622–His wife.623–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.27.624–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.27.625–Whitefield preached again in the evening, and also on the day following, when his text was1 Thess.ii.11, 12. (Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”)626–Lloyd’s Evening Post, July 31, 1769.627–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.129.628–August 9, 1769.629–Captain Joss was now in Bristol. (Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.392.)630–Lloyd’s Evening Post, August 28, 1769.631–“Two Farewell Sermons, byRev.G.Whitefield, 1770;” and “Eighteen Sermons, byRev.George Whitefield, 1771.”632–In the crowds who listened to Whitefield’s last sermons in London, was a youth, seventeen years of age,—George Burder, afterwards a devoted and useful minister of Christ, the originator of the Religious Tract Society, secretary of the London Missionary Society, editor of theEvangelical Magazine, and author of the well-known “Village Sermons.” Burder’s conversion has been attributed to the ministry of Whitefield and Fletcher of Madeley. (“Jubilee Memorial of the Religious Tract Society,”p.24.) In his Journal, he wrote:—“1769. August. About this time, I heardMr.Whitefield preach several sermons, particularly his two last in London; that at Tottenham Court chapel on Sabbath morning, and that at the Tabernacle on Wednesday morning at seven o’clock. I remember a thought which passed my mind, I think, as I was going to hear his last sermon, ‘Which would I rather be, Garrick or Whitefield?’ I thought each, in point of oratory, admirable in his way. I doubt not conscience told me which was best. I wroteMr.Whitefield’s sermons in shorthand, though standing in a crowd.” (“Life ofRev.George Burder,” by his Son.)633–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”634–It has been already stated, that, the publication of this volume led to great unpleasantness. Joseph Gurney was a bookseller, in Holborn, opposite Hatton Garden. From an 8vo. pamphlet of eight pages, published at the time, and entitled, “J. Gurney’s Appeal to the Public,” it appears, that, on November 13, 1770, an agreement was made between Gurney andMr.Keen, whereby Keen bound himself to “recommend and authenticate” Gurney’s publication, and Gurney agreed to give to Keen a shilling upon every copy sold. Gurney drew up an advertisement, which Keen engaged to have read in the pulpits of the Tabernacle and Tottenham Court Road chapel; but his engagement was not fulfilled. When the printing of the volume was nearly completed, Gurney sent the first nine sermons to Keen, and, a few days afterwards, metMr.Hardy, who told him the “sermons were like the ravings of a madman, and were utterly unfit for publication.”Messrs.Keen, Hardy, and West offered to pay Gurney all the money he had spent, on condition that the sermons should not be issued to the public; but Gurney refused the offer.Mr.Kinsman read a notice from the Tabernacle pulpit, that, such a volume was about to be published, but stated that the “sermons were notMr.Whitefield’s, either in sentiment or expression;” though, as Gurney alleges, Kinsman had previously acknowledged “the sermons were as delivered by Whitefield, but that Whitefield’s discourses, of late years, were very unfit for the press without undergoing considerable alterations.” Gurney had another angry interview with Keen and Hardy. The latter, on September 14, 1771, published the advertisement, printed, as a foot-note, in Whitefield’s collected Works,vol. iii., page 406. Gurney, however, persisted in publishing his book, but announced that if any purchasers were of opinion the “sermons were not genuine,” he would return to them their purchase money. He sold upwards of six hundred copies, but “not a single buyer expressed the least dissatisfaction.”635–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”636–With one or two exceptions, thewholeof these letters were subscribed, “Less than the least of all, George Whitefield.”637–Wesley had recently joined in the services held in connection with the Countess of Huntingdon’s Academy at Trevecca. These services extended from the18thto the24thof August. The scene was memorable. Besides the Countess and a number of her aristocratic friends, there were present eight clergymen of the Church of England, a host of Welsh exhorters, the students, and an immense concourse of communicants and spectators. On leaving Trevecca, Wesley set out for Cornwall, so that he had no opportunity of a final hand-shake with his old friend, embarking for America.638–Arminian Magazine, 1783,p.274.639–“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.88.640–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”641–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”642–“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.89.643–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.408.644–“Life of Charles Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.244.645–Still, if the drinking of toasts had been omitted, there was nothing more objectionable in Whitefield’s gathering, than is sometimes witnessed among English Methodists at the present day; when a whole cavalcade wend their way, on the holy Sabbath, to some country town, to be present at the opening of some new meeting-house, and to be charmed and profited by some popular preacher.646–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.255.647–Whitefield’s Works,vol. iii.,p.501.648–Whitefield intended to publish a new edition of the Homilies, and wrote a preface and compiled a number of prayers and hymns to be bound up with them. He strongly urged the reading of the Homilies from the pulpits of the Established Church, in accordance with the direction given in the Thirty-fifth Article, and very justly argued that, if this were done, “the desk and pulpit would not so frequently contradict each other.” (See Whitefield’s Works,vol. iv.,pp.441–454.)649–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.256.650–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”pp.259–267.651–“Asbury’s Journal,”vol. i.,p.78.652–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.263.653–“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.144.654–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. ii.,p.269.655–Wesleyan Methodist Magazine, 1825,p.841.It is right to add, that the authorities of Savannah, out of respect to Whitefield’s memory, secured what they could of the ruined property, and invested the proceeds in a school, which yet flourishes. (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.458.)656–Stevens’ “History of the Methodist Episcopal Church,”vol. iii.,p.50.657–Boardman commenced the itinerancy in 1763, and Pilmoor in 1765.658–“Wesley’s Works,”vol. xii.,p.149.659–Ibid.,vol. iii.,p.400.660–Ibid.,vol. xi.,p.289.661–A strange rumour was circulated, at this time, in the London newspapers, that Whitefield had returned to England.Lloyd’s Evening Post, of April 2, announced, “Saturday, March 31, arrived in town, theRev.Mr.George Whitefield, from Georgia.”662–It is a noticeable fact that two of Whitefield’s oldest fellow labourers died in the same year as himself,—theRev.Howell Davies, “the head of Calvinistic Methodism in Pembrokeshire,” and faithful Thomas Adams, the leader of the same cause in Gloucestershire and Wilts. (“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.147.)663–Jesse Lee, who became a Methodist preacher in America, twelve years after Whitefield’s death, says in his “History of the Methodists in America” (p.36), “In the year 1770,Mr.Whitefield passed through Philadelphia, and, calling on our preachers who were in that city, expressed to them his great satisfaction at finding them in this country, where there was such a great call for faithful labourers in the vineyard of the Lord. His labours, as an itinerant preacher, had been greatly blessed to the people in America; and, thereby, the way was opened for our preachers to travel and preach in different parts of the country.”664–Evangelical Magazine, 1807,p.292.665–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield,”p.358.666–Methodist Magazine, 1811,p.788.667–In thePennsylvania Journal, a letter was published, bearing date “Portsmouth, September 28, 1770.” The writer said, “Last Sunday morning came to town, from Boston, theRev.George Whitefield; and, in the afternoon, he preached at theRev.Dr.Haven’s meeting-house: Monday morning, he preached again at the same place, to a very large and crowded audience. Tuesday morning, a most numerous assembly met at theRev.Dr.Langdon’s meeting-house, which, it is said, will hold nearly 6,000 people, and was well filled, even the aisles. In the evening, he preached at theRev.Mr.John Rodgers’ meeting-house in Kittery; and yesterday, at theRev.Mr.Lyman’s, in York, to which place a number of ladies and gentlemen from town accompanied him. This morning (Friday) he will preach at theRev.Dr.Langdon’s meeting-house in this town.” (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.433.)668–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”669–Lee’s “History of American Methodists,”p.36.670–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield.”671–Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.435.672–St.James’s Chronicle, November 8, 1770.673–Methodist World, February 1, 1870.674–Methodist World,Feb.1, 1870.675–Stevens’ “History of Methodism,”vol. i.,p.466.676–There can be but little doubt that the disease which terminated Whitefield’s life wasangina pectoris.677–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”678–“Funeral Sermon,”etc., byRev.Jonathan Parsons,p.28.679–Ibid.680–Ibid.681–Stevens’ “History of Methodism,”vol. i.,p.467.682–“Funeral Sermon,”etc., byRev.Jonathan Parsons,p.31.683–Whitefield’s friends, at Boston, intended to have him buried there. Hence the following, from a letter dated “Boston, October 2, 1770”:—“A number of gentlemen set out from hence, early this morning, for Newbury Port, which is forty miles from Boston, in order to make the necessary preparations for conveying the corpse of theRev.Mr.Whitefield to this town, where he is to be interred, agreeable to his own request.”684–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield,”p.385.685–Winter’s “Memoirs,”p.104.686–Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.447.687–Gospel Magazine, 1802,p.12.688–Southey’s “Life of Wesley,”vol. ii.,p.379.688–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield,”p.399.690–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes of Whitefield,”p.400.691–Evangelical Magazine, 1839,pp.443, 590.692–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes,”p.389.693–The Methodist(New York),Sept.12, 1863.694–In 1834, theRev.Andrew Reed,D.D., of London, and theRev.James Matheson,D.D., of Durham, visited America as a deputation from the Congregational Union of England and Wales; and, in 1835, a similar deputation, consisting of theRev.Dr.Cox, and theRev.Dr.Hoby, was sent from the Baptist Union of Great Britain and Ireland. Both the deputations entered Whitefield’s sepulchre, and have left descriptions of what they saw and felt; but for want of space, their reports cannot be inserted here.695–Methodist Recorder,Dec.27, 1867.696–Wakeley’s “Anecdotes,”p.396.697–Lloyd’s Evening Post, February 11, 1771.698–Whitefield’s adulations, especially of those belonging to the higher classes of society, were often objectionable. Southey, noticing one of his letters to the Countess of Huntingdon, remarks: “Wesley would not have written in this strain, which, for its servile adulation, and its canting vanity, might well provoke disgust and indignation, were not the real genius and piety of the writer beyond all doubt. The language, however, was natural in Whitefield, and not ill suited for the person to whom it was addressed.” (Life of Wesley.) This animadversion is somewhat strong; but, a few passages in Whitefield’s letters to the nobility, almost justify the Poet-Laureate’s critique.699–Peter Edwards was one of Whitefield’s orphans, and, at the anniversary of laying the foundation of the Orphan House, on March 27, 1771, delivered a long address to the Governor of Georgia, many members of the Council, and a great number of the principal inhabitants of the province, assembled together in the Orphan House chapel, which on this day was opened, and solemnly dedicated to the service of God. TheRev.Edward Ellington, minister of the parish ofSt.Bartholomew, in South Carolina, read prayers, and preached a sermon fromMatt.xviii.20. Divine service being ended, the young gentlemen of the recently commenced academy recited passages from some of the best English authors; and the day’s proceedings were concluded with a speech from the tutor,Mr.Edward Langworthy. (“Whitefield’s Works,”vol. iii.,pp.503–509.)700–Lloyd’s Evening Post, February 6, 1771.701–In a foot-note, Titus Knight makes a statement which was doubtless true, though almost incredible; namely, that even after the arrival of the news of Whitefield’s death, Foote’s execrable comedy, “The Minor,” was acted in the theatre at Edinburgh.702–De Courcy, in the preface to his “Elegiac Lines,” remarks: “What a pattern of flaming zeal, and faithfulness in the ministry, was this servant of the Lord! With what unabated assiduity, fortitude, and patience, did he persevere in holding forth the word of life! How great was his disinterestedness of spirit! With what a catholic, loving heart did he embrace all of all denominations, who loved the Lord Jesus in sincerity!” In a foot-note to his poem, the author relates that, in his sermons, Whitefield often said, “The moment I leave the body, and plunge into the world of spirits, the first question I shall ask will be—Where’s my Saviour?”703–An elegy was published in theNew York Gazette, of October 19, 1770, from which the following lines are taken:—“Methinks, I see him in the pulpit stand,With graceful gesture and persuasive hand;Whilst, with attention deep, the list’ning throngAdmire the words proceeding from his tongue,Struck by his arrows, harden’d sinners start,Their looks betray the anguish of their heartWith terror fill’d, to God they lift their eyes,And fill His ear with penitential sighs.”704–Gillies’ “Memoirs of Whitefield.”705–Ibid.706–Ibid.707–The following appeared in one of the London newspapers:—“We hear that, on Sunday next, funeral sermons, on the death of the lateRev.Mr.Whitefield, who, it is said, died worth£30,000, will be preached at all the Methodist meeting-houses in and about London, particularly the Tabernacles in Tottenham Court Road and Moorfields. Yesterday, a caveat was entered at Doctors Commons by a principal creditor of the lateRev.Mr.George Whitefield.”708–Lloyd’s Evening Postof November 19, 1770, remarked: “The front of the gallery round the chapel was quite covered with black cloth, as were the pulpit, reading-desk, and communion-table, which had escutcheons ofMr.Whitefield’s arms and crest. The many thousands who attended was almost incredible, who, being clothed in black, chiefly out of respect to their much-loved minister, together with the hanging, had a most uncommon appearance.”709–Wesley had a reason for thus referring to himself and his brother Charles. At his Annual Conference, held in London within the last four months, he had announced hisTheses, shewing in what way he and his preachers had “leaned too much toward Calvinism.” This hugely offended the Countess of Huntingdon and her friends, and led to the bitterest controversy in Wesley’s history.710–This was a dignified rebuke administered to the infamous Samuel Foote, and the admirers of his profane and filthy “Minor.”711–Lloyd’s Evening Post, March 1, 1771.712–Stevens’s “History of Methodism,”vol. i.,p.467.713–Gospel Magazine, 1771,p.80.714–Mr.Zubley was first minister of the Presbyterian Church at Savannah, and entered upon his charge in 1760. He originally came from Switzerland, and preached in English, German, and French, as occasion required. He was a man of great learning, and died in 1781.715–Dr.Cooper was converted by Whitefield’s instrumentality, and became one of the most popular preachers in America. One of the publications of the period, in describing the scene in Brattle Street Church, when Cooper preached Whitefield’s funeral sermon, said: “Pews, aisles, and seats were so crowded, and heads and shoulders were in such close phalanx, that it looked as though a man might walk everywhere upon the upper surface of the assembly, without finding an opening for descending to the floor.”716–Mr.Brewer preached in Spitalfields, from Psalmxxxvii.37; andMr.Skelton, one of Wesley’s seceded itinerants, in Maid Lane, Southwark, from Actsxiii.36. (Old Newspaper.)717–As a curiosity, the following may be added: “Yesterday morning, about eight o’clock, a man, mounted on a stool, at the Seven Dials, preached a funeral sermon on the death of his dear master,Mr.George Whitefield.” (Lloyd’s Evening Post, Monday,Nov.12, 1770.)718–Cornelius Winter says that he himself composed and wrote the sermon preached byMr.Ellington. (“Memoirs of Cornelius Winter,”p.104.) The letters attached toMr.Ellington’s name suggest the thought that Winter was also the publisher of the sermon.719–New Spiritual Magazine, 1783,pp.849 to 851.720–“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.92.721–Lloyd’s Evening Post, December 19, 1770.722–Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.446.723–Lloyd’s Evening Post, June 20, 1772.724–At the founding of the Royal Academy, in 1768, Nathaniel Hone was chosen one of the members, and maintained his reputation till his death, in 1784. The portrait in the second volume of this work is a faithful representation of a very fine engraving, published in 1769, and taken from the painting by Hone. The portrait in the first volume is copied from an engraving, published, by the authority of Whitefield himself, in his “Christian’s Companion, or Sermons on several subjects,” in 1739. (12mo. 335pp.)725–Another testimony may be welcome. The celebrated Benjamin Franklin, in a letter to a gentleman in Georgia, wrote:—“I cannot forbear expressing the pleasure it gives me to see an account of the respect paid toMr.Whitefield’s memory by your Assembly. I knew him intimately upwards of thirty years. His integrity, disinterestedness, and indefatigable zeal in prosecuting every good work, I have never seen equalled, and shall never see excelled.” (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.447.)726–Rev.John Angell James.727–TheRev.Abel Stevens,LL.D.728–The following statistics are all taken from “The Methodist Almanac, for 1876; edited by W. H. De Puy,D.D.,” and published, under the direction of the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

“We desire to be humbled before the Lord, that some of us were not timeously enough aware ofMr.George Whitefield, a priest of the Church of England, and the danger of his way, nor timeously enough employed in warning the Lord’s people against the same; and that all of us have been too remiss, in our endeavours to prevent the sad effects, which have attended and followed upon his ministrations, particularly in this land; that we have been too little humbled for the entertainment which hath been given him; that we have been too little affected before the Lord, with the bold attack made upon the order and institutions of the Lord’s house, by thelatitudinarianprinciples which he hath propagated, and with the awful delusion wherein he has been an instrument of the Lord’s wrath unto this generation; that we have not been duly exercised in searching into the grounds of the Lord’s controversy this way; and in crying unto Him, that He would pity His heritage, and rebuke the devourer, casting the false prophet and the unclean spirit out of the land.” (Act of the Associate Presbytery,etc., 1744.)

Though “printed and sold by J. Lewis, in Bartholomew Close,” theChristian Historywas really under the control of Whitefield. In an advertisement appended toNo.3,vol. vi., 1744, it is stated, that the publication “contains a general account of the progress of the gospel, under the ministry of theRev.Mr.Whitefield, his fellow-labourers, and assistants;” that, though originally published in the folio size, “Mr.Whitefieldhadorderedit to be printed in a pocket volume, as judging it less cumbersome;” and that it was “theRev.Mr.Whitefield’s desire to have the volumes made as public as possible.”

It may be added, that, on Whitefield’s return from America, in July, 1748, theChristian Historywas discontinued. The last letter in it is dated “June 23, 1748;” and on the last page is the following:—“N.B. This is the last number of theChristian Historythat will be printed.”

In Prince’sChristian History,vol. ii.,p.320, there is a letter, written by “William Shurtleff,” minister at Portsmouth, stating that Whitefield came to Portsmouth on November 6. Shurtleff and theRev.Jabez Fitch, another Portsmouth minister, met him. Fitch asked him to preach that evening in his meeting-house. Whitefield did so; and was to have preached again next morning, but was taken ill.

Respecting Prince’sChristian History, it may be stated here, once for all, that it was a periodical, in two octavo volumes, of 416 pages each, entitled, “The Christian History, containing Accounts of the Revival and Propagation of Religion in Great Britain and America, for the years 1743 and 1744. Boston: printed by S. Kneeland and T. Green, for T. Prince.”No.1 was issued on March 5, 1743; andNo.103, the last, on February 16, 1745. Many of the correspondents seem to trace to Whitefield the beginning of the revivals both in Scotland and New England.

Nichols’ “Illustrations of Literature,”vol. iv.,p.303.

No wonder that, soon after the receipt of this letter, theRev.Zachary Grey,D.D., wrote and published a pamphlet, with the following title:—“A serious Address to Lay Methodists, to beware of the false Pretences of their Teachers. With an Appendix containing an Account of the fatal and bloody effects of Enthusiasm in the case of the Family of the Dutartres, in South Carolina. 1745.” (8vo. 29pp.)Dr.Grey tells his readers, asDr.Cutler, his correspondent, would have done, that “the Methodist preachers are wandering lights, gadding about with canting assurances, and leading people into bogs of delusion.” In justice to Whitefield, it must be added that he had no connection whatever with the family of the Dutartres. The family consisted of father, mother, four sons, and four daughters. In the highest degree, they were all fanatics. They withdrew from all society, believing that they alone had the true knowledge of God, and were taught by Him by signs and impulses. They refused to perform militia and highway duty, and threw off all obedience to the civil magistrates. These facts, coupled with adultery on the part of one member of the family, led Justice Simmons to issue a writ for Judith Dutartre. In executing the writ, Simmons was killed by a shot which the Dutartres fired at him and his men. Six of the fanatics were carried prisoners to Charleston, and five of them were sentenced to be hanged for murder. Three were executed, and two, on confessing their error, were pardoned. (“The Great Awakening,” by Tracy,p.79.)

Whitefield’s influence at Boston was enormous. Among the anecdotes, extant, of his power as a preacher, the following is a specimen. When preaching in Boston, on one occasion, a violent storm of thunder and lightning came on; and, in the midst of his sermon, the congregation sat in almost breathless awe. Whitefield, observing the consternation of the people, fell on his knees, and, with characteristic pathos, repeated—

“Hark,the Eternalrends the sky!A mighty voice before Him goes,—A voice of music to His friends,But threat’ning thunder to His foes:‘Come, children, to your Father’s arms;Hide in the chambers of my grace,Until the storm be overblown,And my revenging fury cease.’”

“Hark,the Eternalrends the sky!A mighty voice before Him goes,—A voice of music to His friends,But threat’ning thunder to His foes:‘Come, children, to your Father’s arms;Hide in the chambers of my grace,Until the storm be overblown,And my revenging fury cease.’”

“Hark,the Eternalrends the sky!

A mighty voice before Him goes,—

A voice of music to His friends,

But threat’ning thunder to His foes:

‘Come, children, to your Father’s arms;

Hide in the chambers of my grace,

Until the storm be overblown,

And my revenging fury cease.’”

The great preacher then rose up, and, addressing his awed auditors, exclaimed, “Let us now devoutly sing the ‘Old Hundred.’” The congregation started to their feet, and burst into a song of praise too memorable to be forgotten. (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.469.)

In the same year, a second edition was printed in Boston (8vo 22pp.), and a third in London (8vo, 24pp.).

It may be added, that, about the same time, a volume of sermons was printed at Philadelphia, and entitled “Five Sermons, on the following subjects, namely: 1. Christ the Believer’s Husband. 2. The Gospel Supper. 3. Blind Bartimeus. 4. Walking with God. 5. The Resurrection of Lazarus. By George Whitefield. With a Preface by theRev.Mr.Gilbert Tennent.” Tennent’s Preface, of twelve pages, is dated, “Philadelphia, May 30, 1746;” and is laudatory, but honest and earnest.

“Edinburgh, September 15. Yesterday, arrived here from London theRev.Mr.George Whitefield, who has lately returned from the West Indies. He is to preach this afternoon in the Orphan Hospital Park, where a tent was erected this morning for that purpose.”

“Edinburgh, September 26.Mr.Whitefield has preached every day, since his arrival, in the Orphan Park, to numerous auditories; and yesterday afternoon, in the Tolbooth Kirk. He set out this morning for Glasgow.”

TheScots’ Magazinesupplies further information; namely, that Whitefield made collections for the Orphan Hospital; that, on his arrival at Glasgow, he preached every day at the Gorbals, the magistrates having refused him the use of the high-church yard; that he also preached in several churches in and about Glasgow, and at Falkirk; that, after his return to Edinburgh, he preached at Fife; that his farewell sermon was delivered in the Orphan Hospital Park on October 26; and that the next day he set out for London.

“1743. Sunday, July 17. AtSt.Ives, I heard the rector preach fromMatt.v.20. His application was downright railing at the new sect—those enemies to the Church, seducers, troublers, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites,etc.At Wednock,Mr.Hoblin, the curate, entertained us with a curious discourse on ‘Beware of false prophets.’ I stood up over against him, within two yards of the pulpit, and heard such a hodge podge of railing, foolish lies, as Satan himself might have been ashamed of.” For an account of the horrible persecutions atSt.Ives, see the “Life and Times of Wesley.” In those days, it required a bold heart for a Methodist to attempt to preach in this part of the peaceful fold of Bishop Lavington.

“We boast some rich ones whom the gospel sways,And one who wears a coronet and prays.”

“We boast some rich ones whom the gospel sways,And one who wears a coronet and prays.”

“We boast some rich ones whom the gospel sways,

And one who wears a coronet and prays.”

At and about this period, Whitefield made several other collections for the suffering Protestants in Germany, the aggregate amount of which was upwards of£1500. For this, he received the thanks of the King of Prussia, Frederick the Great. (“Life and Times of the Countess of Huntingdon,”vol. i.,p.209.) The freeholders of Boston, also, held a meeting, at which they passed a vote of thanks to Whitefield for the assistance he had rendered them. (Gillies’ “Life of Whitefield.”)

Mr.West’s residence was in Southampton Place, but he died in the house of his old friend Whitefield, adjoining the Tabernacle, in Moorfields. For thirteen years, his sufferings were terrible; but his patience and cheerfulness were surprising to all who knew him. A few days before his death, he became very ill while attending service in the Tabernacle. The doctor would not permit him to be removed to his own house, as it was probable the removal would issue in his death. To the minister of the Tabernacle, he said, “Christ is kind to me. I long for my dissolution. O! my dear boy, preach, preach Christ to the people! Never spare them. Be faithful to them; and think of the worth of a precious soul. Go on, and never be tired.”Mr.West was interred under the communion table of Tottenham Court Road chapel, in a vault containing the remains of Whitefield’s wife, also of his own wife, and ofMr.Keen, his “trusty” colleague. It is worth mentioning that Whitefield and West died on the same day of the year, the30thof September, and that they and Keen all died on the same day of the month. (Evangelical Magazine, 1796,pp.518–21.)

After the death ofMr.Powys, in 1775, his widow became the second wife of Sir Rowland Hill, of Hawkeston, Bart.

A small monument, in memory of Torial Joss, exists at Tottenham Court Road chapel; but, strangely enough, it is placed in one of the vestries, and, therefore, scarcely ever seen.

“1767. May 31. Many people flocked from the country to hearMr.Whitefield preach. At the conclusion of his sermon, at eight in the morning, he bid the people go to any place of worship where Christ alone is preached. Numbers hastened to our chapel, and crowded it; and Brother Nyberg preached to them on, ‘We preach Christ crucified.’ Our dear Saviour was in our midst.

“June 7 (Whit-Sunday). Such a crowd came from hearingMr.Whitefield, that we were obliged, as on Sunday last, to drop our morning meeting; and Brother Nyberg prayed the Litany in the pulpit, and preached on, ‘He shall testify of me: and ye also shall bear witness.’ A still greater number attended the afternoon preaching, when Brother Parminster discoursed on Proverbsi.20–24. Amongst the hearers were four Methodist preachers.”

It is right to add, that the authorities of Savannah, out of respect to Whitefield’s memory, secured what they could of the ruined property, and invested the proceeds in a school, which yet flourishes. (Belcher’s “Biography of Whitefield,”p.458.)

“Methinks, I see him in the pulpit stand,With graceful gesture and persuasive hand;Whilst, with attention deep, the list’ning throngAdmire the words proceeding from his tongue,Struck by his arrows, harden’d sinners start,Their looks betray the anguish of their heartWith terror fill’d, to God they lift their eyes,And fill His ear with penitential sighs.”

“Methinks, I see him in the pulpit stand,With graceful gesture and persuasive hand;Whilst, with attention deep, the list’ning throngAdmire the words proceeding from his tongue,Struck by his arrows, harden’d sinners start,Their looks betray the anguish of their heartWith terror fill’d, to God they lift their eyes,And fill His ear with penitential sighs.”

“Methinks, I see him in the pulpit stand,

With graceful gesture and persuasive hand;

Whilst, with attention deep, the list’ning throng

Admire the words proceeding from his tongue,

Struck by his arrows, harden’d sinners start,

Their looks betray the anguish of their heart

With terror fill’d, to God they lift their eyes,

And fill His ear with penitential sighs.”

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