STARK'S ANTIQUE VIEWS

OF THE

Every Bostonian should own this book, it contains the largest and rarest collection of ancient views of Boston ever published.

"I am familiar with many of the old prints copied in your book. Some of them are now exceedingly rare, and all have historical value."—Samuel A. Green, Librarian of the Massachusetts Historical Society and Ex-Mayor of Boston.

Upward of 150 reproductions, with descriptive text. Arranged in chronological order, they form a history of the town and city.

Quarto, cloth, $5.00 net. If by mail, $5.32.

W. B. CLARKE CO. REVOLUTIONARY SERIES

Myths and Facts of the American RevolutionA Commentary on United States History as it is Written.By ARTHUR JOHNSTON

Waldo H. Dunn, in Wooster Quarterly

"The object of the volume is 'to refute the American Revolutionary Myth.' This Mr. Johnston proceeds to do by declaring and, no doubt, from his point of view, proving that all histories of the American Revolution, those written by Americans as well as many written by Englishmen, are for the most part unreliable, misleading, unfaithful to the facts, in many cases, even mythical."

Cloth, 8vo. 303 pages. Price, $1.50 net. Postage 12c extra.

Rowe. Letters and Diary of John Rowe, Boston Merchant, 1764-1779.

"Brief jottings by a busy man. A welcome addition to our knowledge of the Revolutionary era."—The Nation.

The book is of interest to all old Massachusetts families, over one hundred of which are mentioned.

8vo. cloth, with illustrations, $3.00 net. If by mail, $3.25.

Murray. Letters of James Murray, Loyalist, 1713-1781.

Books containing the raw material of the early history of our country are of much interest at the present time, and those on the Tory or Loyalist side are perhaps the more interesting because more rare.—The Dial.The Appendix gives genealogical information regarding the families of Murray, Forbes, Inman, Innes, Hutchinson, Robbins, Revere and Howe.

The Appendix gives genealogical information regarding the families of Murray, Forbes, Inman, Innes, Hutchinson, Robbins, Revere and Howe.

8vo. cloth, with illustrations. $2.50 net. If by mail, $2.67.

Two hundred pages and profusely illustrated.From the London "Spectator."

Mr. James H. Stark in his series of histories of, and guides to, the West Indies has assumed the rôle of a modern Hakluyt to intending voyagers to the islands. He gives a clear account of their present state, their climate, season, and "natural commodities," and useful information as to steamers and hotels. But to this is added a well edited and illustrated history of each island, or group of islands, which brings the present into vivid relation with the past. Each of the books is interesting and suggestive and complete in itself, the present political and commercial prospects of the different colonies, being especially well set out. After following Mr. Stark, who writes both with knowledge and enthusiasm, from island to island our personal choice would fall on Trinidad as the centre and headquarters of a visit to the West Indies. It is accessible, not expensive, and makes an admirable centre for further voyages.—London Spectator.

Two hundred pages, and over fifty full-page illustrations.From the Jamaica "News."

Jamaica has not been without literature descriptive of her charms, but there is no book which pays her so eloquent a tribute as Stark's "History and Guide to Jamaica." It is a handsome volume and one which cannot be absent from any well equipped West Indian bookshelf. Mr. Stark hails from Boston, but the works which he will leave behind will associate him more closely with the jewels of the Caribbean Sea. Few better than he have appreciated to the full the dazzling beauties of the West Indies, and few have pictured them with such graphic force. Mr. Stark has not been content with skilled word-pictures in his portrayal of Jamaica. The volume is made beautiful by fifty-six exquisite full-page photographic reproductions. These must have added very materially to the expense of production, but they serve to render the book by far the best-illustrated work the island has ever possessed. There are also a map of the West Indies, a detailed map of Jamaica and a street plan of Kingston, all specially engraved for the "Guide."

The work which Mr. Stark has completed is one that the government of Jamaica might have undertaken in an earnest effort to benefit the island, but it could not have done it so well, nor would its labors have been free from the suspicion of prejudice. Mr. Stark is a stranger, an American, whose unqualified praise is not biased by consideration of patriotism; and his work is likely to prove so potent a factor in the working out of the island's salvation that the government could do no more beneficent act than to make a present of a copy of the work to every public library throughout the English-speaking world.

The book is full of interest from cover to cover. From the opening chapter to the last there is much to instruct, and the writing is of such excellence that we never wearied. There are in all nineteen chapters to the work, and the book has been handsomely printed, bound, and illustrated.—News, Jamaica.

(PALL MALL GAZETTE).

"Stark's Guide and History of British Guiana, is a continuation of a series of works of the Guide book type, dealing with our West Indian possessions. It is both instructive and pleasantly written while the illustrations and maps afford additional information. The history and physical characteristics of the colony are sketched out, the show sights duly detailed, and the inhabitants and products receive adequate treatment. There are some useful hints on the gold industry and the resources of the colony generally and should accordingly find a place as a work of reference."

(THE LONDON GRAPHIC)

"Stark's Guide and History of British Guiana, is a complete and compendious handbook for tourists and immigrants. At the present time the history of the gold industry and hints to gold prospectors may be commended as opportune and up-to-date."

(BOOKSELLER LONDON).

"Sampson Low, Marston & Co., now place upon the English market a cheap and useful guide to British Guiana, which has been issued by an American publisher. The bulk of the material, we are told, was prepared by Mr. James Rodway, the well known authority on British Guiana, and may therefore be accepted as trustworthy. The volume is profusely illustrated and altogether furnishes a very satisfactory and sufficient guide to the country with which it deals."

For Sale byJames H. Stark, Publisher, 17 Milk St., Boston.

and

SIX VOLUMES, $1.50 PER VOLUME NET

It is now more than a century since a series of works of this description was published on the West Indies—McKinnen's in 1804 and Bryan Edwards' in 1797. The large number of tourists visiting the West Indies every winter, and the acquiring of tropical possessions by this country, have caused the public to take a greater interest in and to seek for information concerning these beautiful islands lying so near our shores. The author has spent the past twenty winters among these islands, and has incorporated in each book from twenty-five to fifty Photo-Prints from negatives taken by him, printed on plate paper, besides many rare and valuable maps. Each book contains a description of everything on or about the islands, concerning which the public may desire information, including History Inhabitants, Climate, Agriculture, Geology, Government and Resources. The set consists of six volumes, each complete within itself. Jamaica, Trinidad, British Guiana, Bahamas, Bermuda, Barbados and Caribbee Islands. Every library should contain these volumes as works of reference and text-books.

Two hundred pages, profusely illustrated with Maps and Photo-Prints, 12 mo. $1.60 post-paid.

"A most exhaustive book on Bermuda. Mr. J. H. Stark spent several seasons in Bermuda for the express purpose of collecting material for a history and guide-book, and nothing is omitted or overlooked which the invalid or traveller for pleasure will wish to know."—Boston Transcript.

"The 'Illustrated Bermuda Guide,' written by Mr. James H. Stark, of this city, is the latest book on the Bermuda Islands. It contains twenty-four artistic photo-prints, besides several handy maps of the islands, which will be of much convenience to the tourist who seeks rest and pleasure in the miniature continent, 700 miles from New York.

"The text of the volume treats of the history, inhabitants, climate, agriculture, geology, government and military and naval establishments of Bermuda describing in an entertaining fashion the most noticeable features of the Island, and furnishing a brief sketch of life in Bermuda from the original settlement until to-day."—Boston Herald.

Fully illustrated with Maps, Photo-Prints and Wood-Cuts, 12 mo. $1.60, post-paid.

"I have read your book on the Bahamas with great care and interest, and can confidently speak of it as the most trustworthy account of the Colony that has yet been published."Sir Ambrose Shea,Governor of the Bahamas.

"Your book has exceeded my expectations; you have filled up a gap in the history of the English Empire, especially in the history of our colonies, that deserve the encomiums of every Englishman, aye, and of every American who reads your book. The colonists of the Bahamas owe you a debt that they can never fully repay."G. C. Camplejohn,Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, Bahamas.

Two hundred and twenty pages profusely illustrated with Maps and Photo-Prints, 12 mo, $1.60, post-paid.

"Mr. James H. Starkvisited these islands and derived his information at first hand. He has given a brief history of their discovery and settlement, and also an account of the manners and customs of the inhabitants, which is superior to that of any other work on the subject. The book is richly supplied with half-tone illustration, which give a capital idea of the buildings, the localities, and the people throughout these tropical islands.

"The information is practical, and the volume will be highly prized by those who have interests in these islands or have occasion to visit them. Mr. Stark has done much to lift them into notoriety by his careful, accurate and instructive work."—Boston Herald.

For Sale byJames H. Stark, Publisher, 17 Milk St., Boston.

Pocket Map

FOOTNOTES:[1]Speech of Senator Hoar at South Boston, March 18, 1901.[2]Speech of Hon. Edward B. Callender, at Dorchester, Nov. 10, 1905.[3]Mass. His. Soc. Vol. ix-3-5.[4]"Persecutors Maul'd With Their Own Weapons," p. 41. See also Court Records, 1662.[5]Hutchinson, History Mass. Bay, Vol. III., page 1.[6]Trumbull's "His. of the U. S.," 445-467. Hildreth, Graham, Hutchinson.[7]Bancroft's His. of the U.S., Vol. I., 525.[8]"Letters to Two Great Men on the Prospect of Peace."[9]Remarks on the Letter Addressed to Two Great Men. Pp. 30-31.[10]Canada Pamphlet, Franklin's Works, IV., 41-42.[11]John W. Burgess, "Political Science and Comparative Constitutional Law," 67-68, also 65-69.[12]Horace Gray, Quincy's Mass. Reports, 1761-62, Appendix I., page 540.[13]In the debates on the Canadian bill in 1779, it was stated that there were but 365 Protestants and 150,000 Catholics within the Province of Quebec.[14]Washington's Writings, Vol. III., page 361.[15]Debates, etc., page 603.[16]Letter of John Adams to his wife, Vol. I., page 86.[17]Life and Works of John Adams, Vol. IX., page 335.[18]Ramsey, History of the American Revolution, Vol. I, page 40; Hildreth, Vol. II., page 486; Grahame, Vol. IV., page 94.[19]Wealth of Nations, Vol. IV., chapter 7; Tucker's Four Tracts, page 133.[20]Hildreth Vol. II., page 498; McPherson's Annals of Commerce, Vol. III., page 330; Arnold's History of Rhode Island, Vol. II., pages 227-235.[21]Gordon's History of the American War, Vol. I., page 157.[22]John Adams' Diary, January 16, 1776.[23]John Adams' Diary, October 27, 1772; John Adams' Works, Vol. II page 26; Letters to Bernard December 3, 1771.[24]"Letters of Mrs. Adams." Memoirs, XXIX.[25]Hosmer, Life of Hutchinson, page 82.[26]Hutchinson's History, Vol. III., pages 294-295.[27]M. A. History, Vol. XXV., page 437.[28]This letter was purchased at the E. H. Leffingwell sale of January 6, 1891, for $185, by the city of Boston, and can be seen at the city clerk's office. In connection with this see "Life of Samuel Adams," by his great-grandson, William V. Wells, Vol. I., pages 35-38. Here he emphatically denies that bonds or sureties were given by collectors. Evidently he had not consulted Boston Town Records, 1767, page 9, when it was voted that Samuel Adams' bond "shall be put in Suit," and when bonds and sureties were required of his successor, neither could he have known of the existence of this letter.[29]"History of Boston," Samuel T. Drake, page 778.[30]"Life of Thomas Hutchinson," page 162.[31]"Life of Hutchinson," page 195.[32]His. Mass. Bay, page 207.[33]Letters of John Adams to his wife, Vol. I, pages 12-13.[34]Letters of John Adams to his wife, Vol. I., page 12.[35]Diary of John Adams, page 413.[36]Sabine. Vol. I., page 13.[37]"History of Harvard University," by Josiah Quincy, Vol. II., pp. 182-209.[38]Letter of Governor Wentworth, New Eng. His. Gen. Reg., 1869, page 274.[39]As the wounded soldier was crawling away he was met by a boy who had been chopping wood, and who, inflamed by the spirit of the hour, killed him with his axe. The two soldiers lay buried near the stonewall where they fell. More than a century later a young woman came here recently from Nottinghamshire, who was a relative of one of them. She went to the graves and placed upon them a wreath, singing as she did so, "God save the King!"[40]John Adams' Letters. Vol. X, page 197.[41]"Massachusettsensis."[42]"Moor's Diary." Vol. I., page 359.[43]"Penn Packet," Nov. 17, 1778. "Penn Archives," Vol. VIII, page 22. "Dallis," Vol. I., pp 39, 42; "Galloway's Examinations," page 77.[44]"Records of North Carolina," Vol. XI., page 561.[45]"Washington's Writings," Vol. VI., page 241.[46]Lossing, "Field Book of the Revolution," Vol. II., page 661.[47]"History of Simsbury and Granby," page 125.[48]"History of Simsbury and Granby," pp. 123, 124.[49]The Southern States furnished 59,330 men; the Middle States 54,116, and New England 118,355, of which number Massachusetts furnished 67,907. ("General Knox's Report.")[50]Sabine, "Loyalists of the Revolution," Vol. I., page 25.[51]Hosmer's "Life of Hutchinson." pages 321, 322.[52]"Essays in American History," 180-181.[53]"The American Revolution and Boer War," By Sidney Fisher, 1902.[54]Irving's "Life of Washington," Vol. II., chap. xli.[55]"Essays in American History," 179. See also "Royalists' Archives," Mass. State House.[56]"North American Review," LIX., page 280.[57]The "Journal and Letters of Samuel Curwin," 147.[58]The Works of Alexander Hamilton, by H. C. Lodge, 2d edition, Vol. IV., page 239.[59]Letters of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 45.[60]Letters of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 8.[61]Adams' Works, Vol. II., 420.[62]Life of Winthrop, Vol. II., 427.[63]See Adams' Works, Vol. II, pp. 350, 410.[64]Lecky, "American Revolution," p. 230.[65]Lecky's "American Revolution," p. 375.[66]Sabine, Vol. I, pp. 139-150.[67]Washington's Works, IV., 118, 119, Lecky, 257.[68]Letter of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 171.[69]In a letter written by Hamilton when he was but thirteen years of age, employed as a clerk, he declared: "I condemn the grovelling condition of a clerk to which my future condition condemns me, and would willingly risk my life, though not my character, to exalt my station."[70]Letters of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 24.[71]Memoir of Gen. John Stark, by his son Caleb Stark, pp. 356-7-8.[72]"Travels Through the Interior Parts of America," by Thomas Aubury.[73]"Letter of Major Caleb Stark in Memoir of General John Stark," p. 364.[74]During Cleveland's administrations a bill was passed allowing claimants to present claims for adjudication to the amount of their face value. If interest was added, they would exceed $100,000,000. The owners of the 898 vessels destroyed, who were called upon to make this sacrifice as a means of relieving the government from a great responsibility, in many cases were reduced to poverty by the duplicity of the government, and even now with this scant justice, there are many that find it very difficult to prove their claim, so long a time has elapsed, and many are dead without legal representation.[75]American Archives, series I, p. 1350.[76]American Archives. Series I, p. 1350.[77]Frothingham Siege of Boston, p. 212. Letters of John Adams to his Wife Vol. I., p. 79.[78]Windsor Nar. and Crit. His. Vol. VI., 655, 657.[79]Essays in American History, 178.[80]Essays in American History, 176, 177.[81]Proceedings, N. J. His. Soc. II, 31.[82]Life of Brandt. Appendix No. 1, Vol. I.[83]Dr. Ramsay's His. U. S., Vol. II., Chapter XIX, pp. 330, 332.[84]Address to the "United Empire Loyalists," by Edward Harris, Toronto, 1897.[85]"Acts of New Jersey," Oct. 8, 1778, p. 60.[86]James Murray, Loyalist, p. 245, 253.[87]John Adams' Works, Vol. IX., p. 516.[88]Stevens' "Facsimiles," 1054.[89]Life of Josiah Quincy, p. 119.[90]Life of Josiah Quincy, pp. 256, 280, 281, 282, 283, 286, 287, 288, 289, 291.[91]Boston Town Records, City Document No. 115, pp. 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322.[92]"Jack-the-painter" was a miscreant employed by Silas Deane, one of the U. S. Commissioners to France and the colleague of Dr. Franklin, to burn the docks at Bristol. He partially succeeded and was hanged for the crime, a far less infamous one than that advocated by Jefferson, the champion of the rights of man.[93]Jefferson's Works, Vol. VI., pp. 99, 193, 104.[94]Life of Josiah Quincy, p. 358.[95]Life of Josiah Quincy, pp. 360, 361.[96]Life of Cabot, p. 491.[97]Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, Vol. II., p. 606.[98]Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, Vol. II., p. 606.[99]For full particulars see his work, "Civilized America," Vol. I, Chap. XXI, XXII, XXIII.[100]Short History of Anglo-Saxon Freedom.[101]Those whose names are in italics alone took the oath of office.[102]This was Colonel Edward H. Hutchinson who was killed by the Indians during King Philip's war. He was father of Elisha Hutchinson.[103]William Hutchinson was the first grantee of East Milton, where the Governor afterwards resided. He settled in Boston on the "Old Corner Bookstore" lot, corner of School and Washington streets. William Hutchinson was the grandson of John Hutchinson, Mayor of Lincoln, England.[104]A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Currency.[105]Curwen's Journal p. 456.[106]For further matter concerning the Writs of Assistance and James Otis see p. 34.[107]Adams' Diary, June 5th, 1762.[108]Rights of the British Colonies.[109]Yonge Const. His. of Eng. p. 66. See also Todd, Parl. Gov. in the British Colonies 1899.[110]See Quincy, Massachusetts Reports 1761-1772. Appendix 1.[111]For further information concerning the Stamp Act, see p. 37.[112]John Adams, Diary, March 17, 1766.[113]See page 40 for a more full description.[114]Mass. His. Soc. Vol. XXVI, p. 146.[115]His. of Am. Rev., Vol. I., p. 180.[116]John Adams' Diary, Jan. 16, 1776.[117]Lecky's Am. Rev. Chapt. XI., p. 127.[118]Boston Mobs, page 43.[119]Mass. A. His. Vol. XXXI., p. 491. Witness at the trial of the soldiers said "He stood close behind him, and one of the mob lifted up a large club over my head, and was going to strike, but he seized him by the arm and prevented it."[120]Hutchinson His. Vol. III., p. 280.[121]M. A. Hist. Vol. XXVI., Mar. 27 to Hillsboro.[122]M. A. Hist. Vol. XVII., p. 131.[123]M. A. Hist. Vol. XXVII., p. 151.[124]John Adams' Works, Vol. II., p. 266.[125]Hosmer's Life of Thomas Hutchinson p. 213.[126]The details are in Mass. Archives marked Colonial. Vol. IV. pp. 335-344.[127]N. E. His. and Gen Reg., Vol. I., p. 310.[128]Hutchinson His. Vol. III., p. 391, 392.[129]M. A. His. Vol. XXVII., p. 502, etc.[130]New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg. I., p. 307.[131]Hosmer's Life of Hutchinson, p. 274[132]Lecky's Am. Rev., pp. 149, 150.[133]Lecky's Am. Rev. pp. 150, 151, 152.[134]See p. 47, for further information concerning the Stamp Act and the Tea Tax.[135]Francis Drake. "Tea Leaves." Introd. p. CXXVII.[136]Richard Frothingham.[137]Hosmer's Life of Hutchinson, p. 299.[138]Francis S. Drake. Tea Leaves. Int. LXIII.[139]Hancock's uncle made his large fortune by smuggling tea. See Hutchinson His., Vol. III., p. 297.[140]Lecky's Am. Rev., pp. 154, 164, 165, 166.[141]14 George III., c. 19, 45.[142]Letters of John Adams, Vol. 1., p. 13.[143]Hutchinson Hist. Vol. III., p. 458.[144]Several wealthy citizens of Milton have recently purchased this field donated it to the State as a public reservation to be known as the "Governor Hutchinson Field."[145]Hutchinson Diary, Vol. II., pp. 164, 165.[146]Diary and Letters of H. Vol. II., p. 216.[147]Hosmer's Life of Hutchinson, p. 349.[148]Tea Leaves, p. 324.[149]He lived on Washington Street; his lot extended north from Spring Lane, including the head of Water Street.[150]John Adams' Diary, Aug. 15, 1765.[151]See page 40 for account of the riot.[152]See page 162, 163 concerning Hutchinson and other letters abstracted by Franklin.[153]Curwin's Journal, pp. 462, 463.[154]Sabine says Dorchester. Dorchester Record says Thomas Oliver, the son of Robert Oliver, Esqr., and Ann, his wife, was born Jan. 5, 1733-4 at ye Island of Antigua.[155]Curwin's Journal, p. 516.[156]Curwin's Journal, p. 510.[157]Hutchinson's Diary & Letters. Vol. 1, p. 195.[158]Doyle's History of America, Ch. XVIII.[159]For description of House, see "The Bernards of Abington and Nether Winchendon," by Mr. N. Higgins, Vol. I. p. 285.[160]The Town of Roxbury. Francis S. Drake.[161]Life of Sir Francis Bernard.[162]"The Bernards of Abington and Nether Winchendon," by Mr. Napier Higgins.[163]Samuel Adams (Hosmer) Ch. VI.[164]For further information concerning the Stamp Act, see pp. 40, 41, 42.[165]Hutchinson Hist. Mass., Vol. III., p. 253.[166]One lot of 26½ acres was purchased of John Baker et al. in 1762. Lib. 98, Fol. 113. Another lot adjoining same, of 3 acres of James Baker in 1764. Lib. 102, Fol. 39. During a raid made by the "Ministerial Troops" from the Castle on Feb. 13th, 1776, nearly all the houses on the Neck were burnt; among them was "An House and Stable and Barn belonging to Francis Bernard burnt; valued at £100.00," also damage done "by our Soldiers," £40.00. (See New Eng. Gen. Reg. Jan. 1897.) This tract of land extended from Fourth street (Way leading to Castle William) to Dorchester Bay, M street running through the center of it. The writer's father in 1858 purchased a portion of this land, and it was here he spent his boyhood days. After the war another house was erected on the site of the one burnt; its location was on Fourth street between M and N streets. The writer remembers that a boyhood companion that lived there picked up in the garden an English guinea.[167]Life of Sir Francis Bernard, by One of his Sons.[168]This question was decided in the case of Roger Morris of New York who married Mary, daughter of Frederick Phillips, who it is said had previously refused George Washington, the estate which belongs in right to his wife was confiscated, and that the whole interest should pass under the Act Mrs. Morris was included in the attainder. Humanity is shocked that a woman was attainted of treason, for no crime but that of clinging to the fortunes of the husband whom she had vowed on the altar never to desert. However, in the year 1809, their son, Captain Henry Gage Morris of the Royal Navy, in behalf of himself and his two sisters, sold their reversionary interest to John Jacob Astor of New York for the sum of £20,000 sterling. In 1828 Mr. Astor made a compromise with the State of New York by which he received for the rights thus purchased by him, the large sum of five hundred thousand dollars, having obtained a judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States affirming the validity and perfectibility of his title.[169]Tea Leaves 322, 323, 327, 329.[170]Life of Copley, p 62.[171]Life of Copley, p. 141.[172]Gleaner Articles, p. 196.[173]Life of Copley. p. 140, 145.[174]Life of Copley, p. 126.[175]Hooper Genealogy. Curwen's Journal. History of Marblehead.[176]Diary and Letters of John Adams.[177]See Boston Town Records 1742 to 1757. pp. 14, 15, 16. Printed by the City of Boston.[178]Tea Leaves pp. 292-3.[179]Dealings with the Dead, p. 510.[180]"Memoir of General John Coffin." By Captain Henry Coffin. R. N., 1880, p. 17.[181]It is a singular fact that all persons of American birth that were in the navy remained loyal. Washington came very near entering the navy as midshipman and going with his brother Lawrence under Admiral Vernon to the attack on Cartagena. His trunk was packed and he was all ready to depart when his mother prevailed upon him to remain. Had he gone he would have remained loyal, or his case would have been the exception.[182]For description of Simsbury mines see pp. 56-57.[183]The native town of the author, J. H. Stark.[184]It was saved from confiscation by his wife remaining in it during the war, and her furnishing a substitute for her husband to serve in the army.[185]James Murray, Loyalist; pp. 152, 154, 155.[186]James Murray, Loyalist; pp. 248, 249, 251.[187]Memoir of the war in the Southern Department of the United States. By Henry Lee, p. 397.[188]The barbecue is still in vogue in the Southern States at all large social gatherings.[189]Memorial of James Thompson of Charlestown, Mass., and Woburn, Mass., by Leander Thompson, A. M.[190]See "Life of Count Rumford," by George Ellis.[191]Mass. His. Coll. 2, series Vol. IV, pp. 167, 168.[192]For further information about these French Protestants see the "Memoir" by Dr. Holmes, or to Vol. XXII. p. 62. of Massachusetts Historical Collections.[193]See p. 184 concerning his mansion in Dorchester.[194]General John Stark's brother Colonel William Stark, was a man of great bravery and hardihood. Before the Revolution he was a much greater man than his brother John. He commanded New England troops in the capture of Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Louisburg and Quebec. In West's picture, "The Death of Gen. Wolf," he is shown as holding Wolf in his arms. William Stark remained loyal and became a colonel in the Royal Army. He was killed from a fall from his horse at the battle of Long Island.[195]For an account of the Pepperell family see New Eng. Gen. Reg., xx. 4. Those descended from him comprise probably a hundred families holding the highest social positions including dignitaries in church and state, baronets, presidents of colleges, D. D's., and bishops, and others of exalted rank, perhaps more numerous than can be found in any one family in the British realms.[196]Medford Historical Register, Vol. viii, p. 59.[197]It was Sir Isaac Heard that took such pains in searching out the pedigree of the Washington family.[198]Updike History of Narrangansett church.[199]See page 52 for description of same.[200]Ibid. 45.[201]See page 162.[202]Memorial Hist. of Boston, II. 8. Record Com. Report VII. 69.[203]"The Lillie Family of Boston" by Edward L. Pierce.[204]Drake's History of Boston, p. 777.[205]See pages 43 and 44 for account of the "Massacre."[206]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. I. p. 459.[207]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. I, p 460.[208]"Dealings with the Dead," by a Sexton of the Old School.[209]Newport Mercury. Aug. 14, 1786.[210]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. I, p. 462.[211]John Adams' Letters to His Wife. Note to No. 9.[212]Ibid. 33-4, Hutchinson, Vol. III, p. 189.[213]Drake's History of Boston, pp. 735-6-7.[214]See chapter on Boston Mobs, p. 40.[215]See page 85 for further account of the Saratoga Convention.[216]Mrs. Leonard was confined to bed with childbirth. Charles, their only son, was born an idiot, due no doubt to this outrage. The mother of Curtis Guild, the present governor of Massachusetts, was born in this room, she being a descendant of the Leonard family.[217]Extracts from Massachusettensis. Letter addressed to the Inhabitants of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, Dec. 12th, 1774.[218]Genealogical Memoir of the Leonard Family, by William R. Deane.[219]This was the same as he did towards Harvard college, when treasurer of same. History of Harvard College by Josiah Quincy.[220]See Chapter III. in relation to this matter.[221]Sabine, Vol. I., Pp. 490-1.[222]Papers relating to the church in Massachusetts, Pp. 506-7, 531-2.[223]The descendants of Hugh Amory, London. 1901. The Amory Family, Boston, 1856.[224]Sabin's Loyalists of the American Revolution.[225]The Descendants of Hugh Amory. Pp. 259, 260.[226]Travels through the interior parts of America by Thomas Aubury. Vol. II, pp. 232, 234.[227]Dr. Ezra Stiles, afterwards President of Yale College, and at this time a settled minister at Newport.[228]Goldthwaite Genealogy compiled and published by Charlotte Goldthwaite.[229]See Forces American Archives. Vol. III, pp. 312, 314, 355.[230]This letter and the following ones are extracts from original papers, copies of which were communicated by Miss Eliza S. Quincy, and published In Curwen's Journal and Letters.[231]During 1785 Shay's rebellion occurred in Massachusetts and was put down by General Lincoln.[232]A narrative of his two aerial voyages was published In London in 1786, exact and entertaining, with a portrait of the adventurer and a view of the monument erected by the French government, on the spot where he landed.[233]Curwen's Journal, P. 537.[234]New Eng. Hist. & General Reg., Vol. 15, P. 16.[235]New Eng. Hist. & General Reg., Vol. 15, P. 17.[236]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. 1, P. 256.[237]The horseman that met them was Col. Timothy Bigelow, of the Committee of Safety.[238]Subsequently Chief of Artillery in the Revolutionary Army, and Secretary at War under Washington.[239]See Life of Henry Knox by F. G. Drake, P. 125.[240]"Tea Leaves," pp. 282, 3, 4, 5, 6.[241]See Page 48 for further particulars concerning the Tea Party Mob.[242]New England Hist. and Genealogical Register. Vol. 6. P. 357.[243]New England Hist. and Gen. Reg. Vol. 7. P. 142.[244]Thomas Joy and His Descendants by James R. Joy.[245]Memorial Hist. of Boston. Vol. IV. P. 646-647.[246]Hist. of Hingham. Vol. 11. P. 195-7-9.[247]Dunbar Genealogy. P. 19.[248]Richardson Memorial by Vinton. P. 34, 199, 242.[249]For further particulars see pages 310,311.[250]William R. Cutter, Librarian of the Woburn Public Library.[251]Ancestral Records of the Loring family. Type Written Copy in the New England Historic Genealogical Society. Pp. 129 to 182.[252]A similar case occurred during the Civil War, there was probably no man whose memory was more execrated, and who was regarded as a monster than Wirz, the Commander at Andersonville, who was hanged by the U. S. Government, and yet forty-five years afterwards the Daughters of the Confederacy have erected a beautiful monument to his memory at Andersonville.[253]For a detailed account of the career and writings of this illustrious man, see two volumes of his "Life And Letters," by his descendant, Hon. Robert C. Winthrop.[254]A Short Account of the Winthrop family by Robert C. Winthrop.[255]Town of Roxbury by F. S. Drake. P. 134, 135.[256]Sabine's Loyalists.[257]Chipmans of America.[258]See Royal Memorials by Rev. Edmund F. Shafter. Also cut of Coat of Arms on outside cover of this work.[259]The Town of Roxbury. Francis S. Drake, pp. 355-6.[260]There was a family of Sheaffe's in Boston much earlier than 1672, when William Sheaffe's name first appears on the records, but I do not find any connection between the two families, except that James Sheaffe of Portsmouth, N. H., of the Boston family, was a loyalist. He was allowed to remain, although much persecuted. (See Heraldic Journal, Vol. IX. p. 85, also Wyman's Genealogies and Estates of Charlestown, and History of Portsmouth, N. H.)[261]Most of the information contained in this article was obtained by L. Sabine, from Miss Isabella Child, Thomas Hale Child and Miss Mary P. Hale, relatives of Sir Roger H. Sheaffe.[262]The Sayward Family, 1890.[263]New Eng. His. Gen. Vol. 8, p. 247.[264]Essex Inst. His. Coll. Vol. xxxii., pp. 201-238. Curwen's Journal, pp. 500-1, Sabine's Loyalists, pp. 265-6.[265]Boston Gazette, Nov. 15, 1773. Boston News Letter, Jan. 27, 1774. Feb 3, 1774. Massachusetts Spy, Jan. 27, 1774.[266]Wyman Genealogies and Estates in Charlestown.[267]Curwen Journal, pp. 463-5. 506. Sabine's Loyalists, pp, 265-8.[268]Memorial His., of Boston. Vol. iv. p. 492. Vol. ii. p. 549.[269]Diaries of Benjamin Lynde and of Benjamin Lynde, Jr.[270]Bureau of Archives, Ontario, 2nd Report, Vol. I. p. 340.[271]Bureau of Archives, Ontario, 2nd Report, Vol. II, p. 904.[272]See Cutler Genealogy for descent of Ebenezer 4.[273]"Royalists" in Mass. Archives, Vol. 1, p. 6.[274]This description of the affair at Concord Bridge, was written by Rev. E. G. Porter, President of the New England Historic Genealogical Society for a work entitled "Antique Views of Boston." Pp. 234-8 compiled by me in 1882. J. H. Stark.[275]Centennial Address delivered at Acton, July 21, 1835, by Josiah Adams, pp. 44-5-6.[276]Rev. Soldiers and Sailors. Vol. 17, p. 42.[277]The True Story of Paul Revere, p. 45, by Charles J. Gettemy, Chief of the Bureau of Statistics and Labor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.[278]See Atlantic Monthly. April 1893, "Some Pelham Copley Letters."[279]Paul Revere's Bills can be seen in the Archives at the State House, Boston.[280]Lovell's Journal, p. 105.[281]The Siege of the Penobscot, etc., pp. 23, 25.[282]Mass. Archives, Vol. 145, pp. 230-237. (Todds report).[283]See copy of report in "Rising States Lodge," in Library of Mass. Grand Lodge.

[1]Speech of Senator Hoar at South Boston, March 18, 1901.

[2]Speech of Hon. Edward B. Callender, at Dorchester, Nov. 10, 1905.

[3]Mass. His. Soc. Vol. ix-3-5.

[4]"Persecutors Maul'd With Their Own Weapons," p. 41. See also Court Records, 1662.

[5]Hutchinson, History Mass. Bay, Vol. III., page 1.

[6]Trumbull's "His. of the U. S.," 445-467. Hildreth, Graham, Hutchinson.

[7]Bancroft's His. of the U.S., Vol. I., 525.

[8]"Letters to Two Great Men on the Prospect of Peace."

[9]Remarks on the Letter Addressed to Two Great Men. Pp. 30-31.

[10]Canada Pamphlet, Franklin's Works, IV., 41-42.

[11]John W. Burgess, "Political Science and Comparative Constitutional Law," 67-68, also 65-69.

[12]Horace Gray, Quincy's Mass. Reports, 1761-62, Appendix I., page 540.

[13]In the debates on the Canadian bill in 1779, it was stated that there were but 365 Protestants and 150,000 Catholics within the Province of Quebec.

[14]Washington's Writings, Vol. III., page 361.

[15]Debates, etc., page 603.

[16]Letter of John Adams to his wife, Vol. I., page 86.

[17]Life and Works of John Adams, Vol. IX., page 335.

[18]Ramsey, History of the American Revolution, Vol. I, page 40; Hildreth, Vol. II., page 486; Grahame, Vol. IV., page 94.

[19]Wealth of Nations, Vol. IV., chapter 7; Tucker's Four Tracts, page 133.

[20]Hildreth Vol. II., page 498; McPherson's Annals of Commerce, Vol. III., page 330; Arnold's History of Rhode Island, Vol. II., pages 227-235.

[21]Gordon's History of the American War, Vol. I., page 157.

[22]John Adams' Diary, January 16, 1776.

[23]John Adams' Diary, October 27, 1772; John Adams' Works, Vol. II page 26; Letters to Bernard December 3, 1771.

[24]"Letters of Mrs. Adams." Memoirs, XXIX.

[25]Hosmer, Life of Hutchinson, page 82.

[26]Hutchinson's History, Vol. III., pages 294-295.

[27]M. A. History, Vol. XXV., page 437.

[28]This letter was purchased at the E. H. Leffingwell sale of January 6, 1891, for $185, by the city of Boston, and can be seen at the city clerk's office. In connection with this see "Life of Samuel Adams," by his great-grandson, William V. Wells, Vol. I., pages 35-38. Here he emphatically denies that bonds or sureties were given by collectors. Evidently he had not consulted Boston Town Records, 1767, page 9, when it was voted that Samuel Adams' bond "shall be put in Suit," and when bonds and sureties were required of his successor, neither could he have known of the existence of this letter.

[29]"History of Boston," Samuel T. Drake, page 778.

[30]"Life of Thomas Hutchinson," page 162.

[31]"Life of Hutchinson," page 195.

[32]His. Mass. Bay, page 207.

[33]Letters of John Adams to his wife, Vol. I, pages 12-13.

[34]Letters of John Adams to his wife, Vol. I., page 12.

[35]Diary of John Adams, page 413.

[36]Sabine. Vol. I., page 13.

[37]"History of Harvard University," by Josiah Quincy, Vol. II., pp. 182-209.

[38]Letter of Governor Wentworth, New Eng. His. Gen. Reg., 1869, page 274.

[39]As the wounded soldier was crawling away he was met by a boy who had been chopping wood, and who, inflamed by the spirit of the hour, killed him with his axe. The two soldiers lay buried near the stonewall where they fell. More than a century later a young woman came here recently from Nottinghamshire, who was a relative of one of them. She went to the graves and placed upon them a wreath, singing as she did so, "God save the King!"

[40]John Adams' Letters. Vol. X, page 197.

[41]"Massachusettsensis."

[42]"Moor's Diary." Vol. I., page 359.

[43]"Penn Packet," Nov. 17, 1778. "Penn Archives," Vol. VIII, page 22. "Dallis," Vol. I., pp 39, 42; "Galloway's Examinations," page 77.

[44]"Records of North Carolina," Vol. XI., page 561.

[45]"Washington's Writings," Vol. VI., page 241.

[46]Lossing, "Field Book of the Revolution," Vol. II., page 661.

[47]"History of Simsbury and Granby," page 125.

[48]"History of Simsbury and Granby," pp. 123, 124.

[49]The Southern States furnished 59,330 men; the Middle States 54,116, and New England 118,355, of which number Massachusetts furnished 67,907. ("General Knox's Report.")

[50]Sabine, "Loyalists of the Revolution," Vol. I., page 25.

[51]Hosmer's "Life of Hutchinson." pages 321, 322.

[52]"Essays in American History," 180-181.

[53]"The American Revolution and Boer War," By Sidney Fisher, 1902.

[54]Irving's "Life of Washington," Vol. II., chap. xli.

[55]"Essays in American History," 179. See also "Royalists' Archives," Mass. State House.

[56]"North American Review," LIX., page 280.

[57]The "Journal and Letters of Samuel Curwin," 147.

[58]The Works of Alexander Hamilton, by H. C. Lodge, 2d edition, Vol. IV., page 239.

[59]Letters of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 45.

[60]Letters of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 8.

[61]Adams' Works, Vol. II., 420.

[62]Life of Winthrop, Vol. II., 427.

[63]See Adams' Works, Vol. II, pp. 350, 410.

[64]Lecky, "American Revolution," p. 230.

[65]Lecky's "American Revolution," p. 375.

[66]Sabine, Vol. I, pp. 139-150.

[67]Washington's Works, IV., 118, 119, Lecky, 257.

[68]Letter of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 171.

[69]In a letter written by Hamilton when he was but thirteen years of age, employed as a clerk, he declared: "I condemn the grovelling condition of a clerk to which my future condition condemns me, and would willingly risk my life, though not my character, to exalt my station."

[70]Letters of John Adams to His Wife, Vol. I., p. 24.

[71]Memoir of Gen. John Stark, by his son Caleb Stark, pp. 356-7-8.

[72]"Travels Through the Interior Parts of America," by Thomas Aubury.

[73]"Letter of Major Caleb Stark in Memoir of General John Stark," p. 364.

[74]During Cleveland's administrations a bill was passed allowing claimants to present claims for adjudication to the amount of their face value. If interest was added, they would exceed $100,000,000. The owners of the 898 vessels destroyed, who were called upon to make this sacrifice as a means of relieving the government from a great responsibility, in many cases were reduced to poverty by the duplicity of the government, and even now with this scant justice, there are many that find it very difficult to prove their claim, so long a time has elapsed, and many are dead without legal representation.

[75]American Archives, series I, p. 1350.

[76]American Archives. Series I, p. 1350.

[77]Frothingham Siege of Boston, p. 212. Letters of John Adams to his Wife Vol. I., p. 79.

[78]Windsor Nar. and Crit. His. Vol. VI., 655, 657.

[79]Essays in American History, 178.

[80]Essays in American History, 176, 177.

[81]Proceedings, N. J. His. Soc. II, 31.

[82]Life of Brandt. Appendix No. 1, Vol. I.

[83]Dr. Ramsay's His. U. S., Vol. II., Chapter XIX, pp. 330, 332.

[84]Address to the "United Empire Loyalists," by Edward Harris, Toronto, 1897.

[85]"Acts of New Jersey," Oct. 8, 1778, p. 60.

[86]James Murray, Loyalist, p. 245, 253.

[87]John Adams' Works, Vol. IX., p. 516.

[88]Stevens' "Facsimiles," 1054.

[89]Life of Josiah Quincy, p. 119.

[90]Life of Josiah Quincy, pp. 256, 280, 281, 282, 283, 286, 287, 288, 289, 291.

[91]Boston Town Records, City Document No. 115, pp. 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322.

[92]"Jack-the-painter" was a miscreant employed by Silas Deane, one of the U. S. Commissioners to France and the colleague of Dr. Franklin, to burn the docks at Bristol. He partially succeeded and was hanged for the crime, a far less infamous one than that advocated by Jefferson, the champion of the rights of man.

[93]Jefferson's Works, Vol. VI., pp. 99, 193, 104.

[94]Life of Josiah Quincy, p. 358.

[95]Life of Josiah Quincy, pp. 360, 361.

[96]Life of Cabot, p. 491.

[97]Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, Vol. II., p. 606.

[98]Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, Vol. II., p. 606.

[99]For full particulars see his work, "Civilized America," Vol. I, Chap. XXI, XXII, XXIII.

[100]Short History of Anglo-Saxon Freedom.

[101]Those whose names are in italics alone took the oath of office.

[102]This was Colonel Edward H. Hutchinson who was killed by the Indians during King Philip's war. He was father of Elisha Hutchinson.

[103]William Hutchinson was the first grantee of East Milton, where the Governor afterwards resided. He settled in Boston on the "Old Corner Bookstore" lot, corner of School and Washington streets. William Hutchinson was the grandson of John Hutchinson, Mayor of Lincoln, England.

[104]A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Currency.

[105]Curwen's Journal p. 456.

[106]For further matter concerning the Writs of Assistance and James Otis see p. 34.

[107]Adams' Diary, June 5th, 1762.

[108]Rights of the British Colonies.

[109]Yonge Const. His. of Eng. p. 66. See also Todd, Parl. Gov. in the British Colonies 1899.

[110]See Quincy, Massachusetts Reports 1761-1772. Appendix 1.

[111]For further information concerning the Stamp Act, see p. 37.

[112]John Adams, Diary, March 17, 1766.

[113]See page 40 for a more full description.

[114]Mass. His. Soc. Vol. XXVI, p. 146.

[115]His. of Am. Rev., Vol. I., p. 180.

[116]John Adams' Diary, Jan. 16, 1776.

[117]Lecky's Am. Rev. Chapt. XI., p. 127.

[118]Boston Mobs, page 43.

[119]Mass. A. His. Vol. XXXI., p. 491. Witness at the trial of the soldiers said "He stood close behind him, and one of the mob lifted up a large club over my head, and was going to strike, but he seized him by the arm and prevented it."

[120]Hutchinson His. Vol. III., p. 280.

[121]M. A. Hist. Vol. XXVI., Mar. 27 to Hillsboro.

[122]M. A. Hist. Vol. XVII., p. 131.

[123]M. A. Hist. Vol. XXVII., p. 151.

[124]John Adams' Works, Vol. II., p. 266.

[125]Hosmer's Life of Thomas Hutchinson p. 213.

[126]The details are in Mass. Archives marked Colonial. Vol. IV. pp. 335-344.

[127]N. E. His. and Gen Reg., Vol. I., p. 310.

[128]Hutchinson His. Vol. III., p. 391, 392.

[129]M. A. His. Vol. XXVII., p. 502, etc.

[130]New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg. I., p. 307.

[131]Hosmer's Life of Hutchinson, p. 274

[132]Lecky's Am. Rev., pp. 149, 150.

[133]Lecky's Am. Rev. pp. 150, 151, 152.

[134]See p. 47, for further information concerning the Stamp Act and the Tea Tax.

[135]Francis Drake. "Tea Leaves." Introd. p. CXXVII.

[136]Richard Frothingham.

[137]Hosmer's Life of Hutchinson, p. 299.

[138]Francis S. Drake. Tea Leaves. Int. LXIII.

[139]Hancock's uncle made his large fortune by smuggling tea. See Hutchinson His., Vol. III., p. 297.

[140]Lecky's Am. Rev., pp. 154, 164, 165, 166.

[141]14 George III., c. 19, 45.

[142]Letters of John Adams, Vol. 1., p. 13.

[143]Hutchinson Hist. Vol. III., p. 458.

[144]Several wealthy citizens of Milton have recently purchased this field donated it to the State as a public reservation to be known as the "Governor Hutchinson Field."

[145]Hutchinson Diary, Vol. II., pp. 164, 165.

[146]Diary and Letters of H. Vol. II., p. 216.

[147]Hosmer's Life of Hutchinson, p. 349.

[148]Tea Leaves, p. 324.

[149]He lived on Washington Street; his lot extended north from Spring Lane, including the head of Water Street.

[150]John Adams' Diary, Aug. 15, 1765.

[151]See page 40 for account of the riot.

[152]See page 162, 163 concerning Hutchinson and other letters abstracted by Franklin.

[153]Curwin's Journal, pp. 462, 463.

[154]Sabine says Dorchester. Dorchester Record says Thomas Oliver, the son of Robert Oliver, Esqr., and Ann, his wife, was born Jan. 5, 1733-4 at ye Island of Antigua.

[155]Curwin's Journal, p. 516.

[156]Curwin's Journal, p. 510.

[157]Hutchinson's Diary & Letters. Vol. 1, p. 195.

[158]Doyle's History of America, Ch. XVIII.

[159]For description of House, see "The Bernards of Abington and Nether Winchendon," by Mr. N. Higgins, Vol. I. p. 285.

[160]The Town of Roxbury. Francis S. Drake.

[161]Life of Sir Francis Bernard.

[162]"The Bernards of Abington and Nether Winchendon," by Mr. Napier Higgins.

[163]Samuel Adams (Hosmer) Ch. VI.

[164]For further information concerning the Stamp Act, see pp. 40, 41, 42.

[165]Hutchinson Hist. Mass., Vol. III., p. 253.

[166]One lot of 26½ acres was purchased of John Baker et al. in 1762. Lib. 98, Fol. 113. Another lot adjoining same, of 3 acres of James Baker in 1764. Lib. 102, Fol. 39. During a raid made by the "Ministerial Troops" from the Castle on Feb. 13th, 1776, nearly all the houses on the Neck were burnt; among them was "An House and Stable and Barn belonging to Francis Bernard burnt; valued at £100.00," also damage done "by our Soldiers," £40.00. (See New Eng. Gen. Reg. Jan. 1897.) This tract of land extended from Fourth street (Way leading to Castle William) to Dorchester Bay, M street running through the center of it. The writer's father in 1858 purchased a portion of this land, and it was here he spent his boyhood days. After the war another house was erected on the site of the one burnt; its location was on Fourth street between M and N streets. The writer remembers that a boyhood companion that lived there picked up in the garden an English guinea.

[167]Life of Sir Francis Bernard, by One of his Sons.

[168]This question was decided in the case of Roger Morris of New York who married Mary, daughter of Frederick Phillips, who it is said had previously refused George Washington, the estate which belongs in right to his wife was confiscated, and that the whole interest should pass under the Act Mrs. Morris was included in the attainder. Humanity is shocked that a woman was attainted of treason, for no crime but that of clinging to the fortunes of the husband whom she had vowed on the altar never to desert. However, in the year 1809, their son, Captain Henry Gage Morris of the Royal Navy, in behalf of himself and his two sisters, sold their reversionary interest to John Jacob Astor of New York for the sum of £20,000 sterling. In 1828 Mr. Astor made a compromise with the State of New York by which he received for the rights thus purchased by him, the large sum of five hundred thousand dollars, having obtained a judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States affirming the validity and perfectibility of his title.

[169]Tea Leaves 322, 323, 327, 329.

[170]Life of Copley, p 62.

[171]Life of Copley, p. 141.

[172]Gleaner Articles, p. 196.

[173]Life of Copley. p. 140, 145.

[174]Life of Copley, p. 126.

[175]Hooper Genealogy. Curwen's Journal. History of Marblehead.

[176]Diary and Letters of John Adams.

[177]See Boston Town Records 1742 to 1757. pp. 14, 15, 16. Printed by the City of Boston.

[178]Tea Leaves pp. 292-3.

[179]Dealings with the Dead, p. 510.

[180]"Memoir of General John Coffin." By Captain Henry Coffin. R. N., 1880, p. 17.

[181]It is a singular fact that all persons of American birth that were in the navy remained loyal. Washington came very near entering the navy as midshipman and going with his brother Lawrence under Admiral Vernon to the attack on Cartagena. His trunk was packed and he was all ready to depart when his mother prevailed upon him to remain. Had he gone he would have remained loyal, or his case would have been the exception.

[182]For description of Simsbury mines see pp. 56-57.

[183]The native town of the author, J. H. Stark.

[184]It was saved from confiscation by his wife remaining in it during the war, and her furnishing a substitute for her husband to serve in the army.

[185]James Murray, Loyalist; pp. 152, 154, 155.

[186]James Murray, Loyalist; pp. 248, 249, 251.

[187]Memoir of the war in the Southern Department of the United States. By Henry Lee, p. 397.

[188]The barbecue is still in vogue in the Southern States at all large social gatherings.

[189]Memorial of James Thompson of Charlestown, Mass., and Woburn, Mass., by Leander Thompson, A. M.

[190]See "Life of Count Rumford," by George Ellis.

[191]Mass. His. Coll. 2, series Vol. IV, pp. 167, 168.

[192]For further information about these French Protestants see the "Memoir" by Dr. Holmes, or to Vol. XXII. p. 62. of Massachusetts Historical Collections.

[193]See p. 184 concerning his mansion in Dorchester.

[194]General John Stark's brother Colonel William Stark, was a man of great bravery and hardihood. Before the Revolution he was a much greater man than his brother John. He commanded New England troops in the capture of Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Louisburg and Quebec. In West's picture, "The Death of Gen. Wolf," he is shown as holding Wolf in his arms. William Stark remained loyal and became a colonel in the Royal Army. He was killed from a fall from his horse at the battle of Long Island.

[195]For an account of the Pepperell family see New Eng. Gen. Reg., xx. 4. Those descended from him comprise probably a hundred families holding the highest social positions including dignitaries in church and state, baronets, presidents of colleges, D. D's., and bishops, and others of exalted rank, perhaps more numerous than can be found in any one family in the British realms.

[196]Medford Historical Register, Vol. viii, p. 59.

[197]It was Sir Isaac Heard that took such pains in searching out the pedigree of the Washington family.

[198]Updike History of Narrangansett church.

[199]See page 52 for description of same.

[200]Ibid. 45.

[201]See page 162.

[202]Memorial Hist. of Boston, II. 8. Record Com. Report VII. 69.

[203]"The Lillie Family of Boston" by Edward L. Pierce.

[204]Drake's History of Boston, p. 777.

[205]See pages 43 and 44 for account of the "Massacre."

[206]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. I. p. 459.

[207]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. I, p 460.

[208]"Dealings with the Dead," by a Sexton of the Old School.

[209]Newport Mercury. Aug. 14, 1786.

[210]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. I, p. 462.

[211]John Adams' Letters to His Wife. Note to No. 9.

[212]Ibid. 33-4, Hutchinson, Vol. III, p. 189.

[213]Drake's History of Boston, pp. 735-6-7.

[214]See chapter on Boston Mobs, p. 40.

[215]See page 85 for further account of the Saratoga Convention.

[216]Mrs. Leonard was confined to bed with childbirth. Charles, their only son, was born an idiot, due no doubt to this outrage. The mother of Curtis Guild, the present governor of Massachusetts, was born in this room, she being a descendant of the Leonard family.

[217]Extracts from Massachusettensis. Letter addressed to the Inhabitants of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, Dec. 12th, 1774.

[218]Genealogical Memoir of the Leonard Family, by William R. Deane.

[219]This was the same as he did towards Harvard college, when treasurer of same. History of Harvard College by Josiah Quincy.

[220]See Chapter III. in relation to this matter.

[221]Sabine, Vol. I., Pp. 490-1.

[222]Papers relating to the church in Massachusetts, Pp. 506-7, 531-2.

[223]The descendants of Hugh Amory, London. 1901. The Amory Family, Boston, 1856.

[224]Sabin's Loyalists of the American Revolution.

[225]The Descendants of Hugh Amory. Pp. 259, 260.

[226]Travels through the interior parts of America by Thomas Aubury. Vol. II, pp. 232, 234.

[227]Dr. Ezra Stiles, afterwards President of Yale College, and at this time a settled minister at Newport.

[228]Goldthwaite Genealogy compiled and published by Charlotte Goldthwaite.

[229]See Forces American Archives. Vol. III, pp. 312, 314, 355.

[230]This letter and the following ones are extracts from original papers, copies of which were communicated by Miss Eliza S. Quincy, and published In Curwen's Journal and Letters.

[231]During 1785 Shay's rebellion occurred in Massachusetts and was put down by General Lincoln.

[232]A narrative of his two aerial voyages was published In London in 1786, exact and entertaining, with a portrait of the adventurer and a view of the monument erected by the French government, on the spot where he landed.

[233]Curwen's Journal, P. 537.

[234]New Eng. Hist. & General Reg., Vol. 15, P. 16.

[235]New Eng. Hist. & General Reg., Vol. 15, P. 17.

[236]Sabine's Loyalists, Vol. 1, P. 256.

[237]The horseman that met them was Col. Timothy Bigelow, of the Committee of Safety.

[238]Subsequently Chief of Artillery in the Revolutionary Army, and Secretary at War under Washington.

[239]See Life of Henry Knox by F. G. Drake, P. 125.

[240]"Tea Leaves," pp. 282, 3, 4, 5, 6.

[241]See Page 48 for further particulars concerning the Tea Party Mob.

[242]New England Hist. and Genealogical Register. Vol. 6. P. 357.

[243]New England Hist. and Gen. Reg. Vol. 7. P. 142.

[244]Thomas Joy and His Descendants by James R. Joy.

[245]Memorial Hist. of Boston. Vol. IV. P. 646-647.

[246]Hist. of Hingham. Vol. 11. P. 195-7-9.

[247]Dunbar Genealogy. P. 19.

[248]Richardson Memorial by Vinton. P. 34, 199, 242.

[249]For further particulars see pages 310,311.

[250]William R. Cutter, Librarian of the Woburn Public Library.

[251]Ancestral Records of the Loring family. Type Written Copy in the New England Historic Genealogical Society. Pp. 129 to 182.

[252]A similar case occurred during the Civil War, there was probably no man whose memory was more execrated, and who was regarded as a monster than Wirz, the Commander at Andersonville, who was hanged by the U. S. Government, and yet forty-five years afterwards the Daughters of the Confederacy have erected a beautiful monument to his memory at Andersonville.

[253]For a detailed account of the career and writings of this illustrious man, see two volumes of his "Life And Letters," by his descendant, Hon. Robert C. Winthrop.

[254]A Short Account of the Winthrop family by Robert C. Winthrop.

[255]Town of Roxbury by F. S. Drake. P. 134, 135.

[256]Sabine's Loyalists.

[257]Chipmans of America.

[258]See Royal Memorials by Rev. Edmund F. Shafter. Also cut of Coat of Arms on outside cover of this work.

[259]The Town of Roxbury. Francis S. Drake, pp. 355-6.

[260]There was a family of Sheaffe's in Boston much earlier than 1672, when William Sheaffe's name first appears on the records, but I do not find any connection between the two families, except that James Sheaffe of Portsmouth, N. H., of the Boston family, was a loyalist. He was allowed to remain, although much persecuted. (See Heraldic Journal, Vol. IX. p. 85, also Wyman's Genealogies and Estates of Charlestown, and History of Portsmouth, N. H.)

[261]Most of the information contained in this article was obtained by L. Sabine, from Miss Isabella Child, Thomas Hale Child and Miss Mary P. Hale, relatives of Sir Roger H. Sheaffe.

[262]The Sayward Family, 1890.

[263]New Eng. His. Gen. Vol. 8, p. 247.

[264]Essex Inst. His. Coll. Vol. xxxii., pp. 201-238. Curwen's Journal, pp. 500-1, Sabine's Loyalists, pp. 265-6.

[265]Boston Gazette, Nov. 15, 1773. Boston News Letter, Jan. 27, 1774. Feb 3, 1774. Massachusetts Spy, Jan. 27, 1774.

[266]Wyman Genealogies and Estates in Charlestown.

[267]Curwen Journal, pp. 463-5. 506. Sabine's Loyalists, pp, 265-8.

[268]Memorial His., of Boston. Vol. iv. p. 492. Vol. ii. p. 549.

[269]Diaries of Benjamin Lynde and of Benjamin Lynde, Jr.

[270]Bureau of Archives, Ontario, 2nd Report, Vol. I. p. 340.

[271]Bureau of Archives, Ontario, 2nd Report, Vol. II, p. 904.

[272]See Cutler Genealogy for descent of Ebenezer 4.

[273]"Royalists" in Mass. Archives, Vol. 1, p. 6.

[274]This description of the affair at Concord Bridge, was written by Rev. E. G. Porter, President of the New England Historic Genealogical Society for a work entitled "Antique Views of Boston." Pp. 234-8 compiled by me in 1882. J. H. Stark.

[275]Centennial Address delivered at Acton, July 21, 1835, by Josiah Adams, pp. 44-5-6.

[276]Rev. Soldiers and Sailors. Vol. 17, p. 42.

[277]The True Story of Paul Revere, p. 45, by Charles J. Gettemy, Chief of the Bureau of Statistics and Labor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

[278]See Atlantic Monthly. April 1893, "Some Pelham Copley Letters."

[279]Paul Revere's Bills can be seen in the Archives at the State House, Boston.

[280]Lovell's Journal, p. 105.

[281]The Siege of the Penobscot, etc., pp. 23, 25.

[282]Mass. Archives, Vol. 145, pp. 230-237. (Todds report).

[283]See copy of report in "Rising States Lodge," in Library of Mass. Grand Lodge.

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