To make Gum water to temper your Colours with.
Take cleane water, and put into it of gum Arabicke a little, and let it stand untill the gumme be dissolued. Now you must haue a care that it be neither too thicke, by reason of the Gumme, nor yet too thin: for with the one you cannot worke well, and the other will not binde the colour fast.
A Purple colour.
Take two pound of Heidleber, two ounces of Allum, halfe an ounce of ashes of Copper, halfe a pound of water; put them into a Skillet, and let them boyle till a third be consumed: when it is cold, straine it into a cleane vessell, and let it stand a while, then straine it into another, and then let it stand till it be thicke enough.
A Crane Colour.
You must onely grinde blacke Lead with Gum water.
Browne Colour.
Take good browne, and grinde it with Gumme water: his false colour is made with two parts browne, and a third part white lead, sad it with the same browne.
Hayre Colour.
Take Vmber or Spanish browne, grinde it, temper it with Gumme water.
A Blew.
Boyle Mulberries with Allum.
An Emerauld Colour.
Take Verdigreese, and grinde it first dry, and put unto it a little of the Gall of a neat: also of Saffron, and the juyce of Rew, of each a little: grinde them together, and put them into a shell, and let it dry there: when you would use it, grinde it againe with Vineger or Verjuce, and a little neats gall dissolved in either of them. His false colour is two parts greene, and a third ceruse: it must bee sadded with a good greene.
A Motlie greene.
This colour is compounded of red and greene.
A blacke Colour.
First you must lay on a light blacke, mingled with white lead, and afterwards when it is dry, sad it with good blacke; for sad blacke, mixe Indie Baudias with Gumme water.
A marble or ashe colour.
This is compounded of blacke and white.
A russet or sad Browne.
This colour is made by compounding a little white, with a good quantity of red.
A browne Blew.
Take two parts of Indie Baudias, and a third of ceruse and temper them with gumme water.
A Brasse Colour.
This is compounded of Masticot and Vmber.
A gold yellow for Armes.
Take Orpment, and Masticot, grinde each by themselves: but in grinding of the Masticot, adde a little Saffron, and worke with them. Note you may alay your Orpment with chalke, and sadde it with browne of Spain or Oker de Luke.
Azure.
Take of white lead foure ounces, of Indicum two ounces, put them into a leaden pot with vinegar: boyle them well, and that which swimmes on the top is the colour.
A purple or violet Colour.
This is a compounded colour, and it is made either by mixing a quantitie of Azure, and a portion of Turnsole: or else by mixing a quantitie of cusset, and a quantitie of Azure.
Sanguine or Blood-colour.
TThis is likewise a compounded colour, and it is made by mixing a good quantitie of Cinaper with a little blacke.
Orange-tawny.
This colour is compounded of a bright red, and a bright yellow.
A Lyon-tawny.
This colour is made by mixing red lead and Masticot together.
A Carnation, or Flesh-colour.
First you must lay on a white colour tempered with gumme-water, and when it is drie you must go it over againe with Vermillion or lake, or else you must temper ceruse and vermilleon together, and being dry, go over it againe with lake or vermillion.
A Peach Colour.
This is compounded of Ceruse and Vermillion.
A Skie Colour.
This colour is compounded of vermilleon and azure.
A Blood red.
This colour is made of Cinaper, and afterwards sadded with Vermilleon at the sides, or else with a browne colour. A bloudy colour, grinde Cinaper, Lake, and Cinaper tops, put them into good water, and if they be too light, put to them a little Turnsole.
A Lincoln-greene.
This colour is compounded of a good greene and Saffron.
A Poppin-jay greene.
This colour is compounded of azure, and masticot.
A good yellow.
Take Saffron, or Cambugium, and temper it with gum-water. Sad it with Vermilleon.
A sable or blacke.
Take a Torch, hold it under a lattyn Bason, temper that blacke with gumme-water.
A velvet-blacke.
Bvrne harts-horne on a Colliers hearth; then grinde it with the gaul of a neat, put it into a shell, and let it dry in the shade: when you would use it, grinde it againe with gumme-water.
To write gold with Pen or Pensil.
Take a shell of gold, and put a little gum-water unto it, and temper it together, and then you may write with it as with other colours.
To make Azure, or bise sadder.
Take blew Turnsole, wet it in gum-water, and then wring it out, and mixe it either with Bise, or else over-shadow the Bise with it.
Red Colour.
Take Vermillion, and temper it with gumme water: His false colour is two parts vermillion, and a third part ceruse.
Another Red.
Take russet, and temper it with gumme-water, clay it with ceruse, and sad it with it selfe.
Another Red.
Take Brassill in grosse powder, allum in powder: steep them in gum water a night and a day: then straine it, and keepe it for use.
A greene Colour.
Take Copper plates, put them in a copper pot, & put distilled vineger to them: set them in a warme place till the vinegar become blew, then put it out into another leaded pot, and poure more vinegar into it again; let it stand so till it become blew; this do so many times till you thinke you have enough: then let it stand till it be thicke.
To make good Inke.
Take two handfuls of gauls, cut each gaul into three or foure peeces, poure into them a pint of beere or wine, then let it stand eight houres; straine it from the gauls, and put vitreoll therein, and to the vitreoll a third part of gumme, set it on the fire to warme; but let it not seethe, and it will be good Inke, and of these gauls you may make Inke foure or five times more.
To seethe Brasill.
Take an ounce of Brasill, twelve ounces of beere, wine, or vinegar, put it in a new pot, let it stand a night; and in the morning set it on the fire, and let it seethe till halfe be consumed: then put into it two peny worth of allum beaten together, and as much beaten gum-Arabicke: stirre them well together, and let them seethe againe; if you desire to have it somewhat darke, then scrape a little chalke into it when it seetheth: let it not seethe over the pot: when it is cold straine it through a cloth, and put it into a glass well stopt.
Aurum Musicum.
Take one ounce of Salarmoniack, one ounce of quicksilver of counterfein, halfe an ounce of brimstone, bruise the brimstone, and set it on the fire, but let it not be over hot (lest it burne) then take the Salarmoniacke, and the quicksilver being in powder: mixe them well together, then mingle with them the brimstone: stirre them well, and quickly with a sticke till the brimstone become hard, then let it coole, grinde it on a stone, and put it in a glasse well stopt with waxe, and set it in a pan with ashes; make a fire under it, and let it stand halfe a day in that manner (but not over hot) till a yellow smoke riseth on it, and when the yellow smoke is gone it is prepared.
Argentum Musicum.
Take an ounce of Tynne, melt it, and put thereto one ounce of tartar, and one ounce of quicksilver, stirre them well till they be cold: then beat all in a morter, and grinde it on a stone; temper it with gumme-water, and write therewith, and afterward polish it.
To write a gold colour.
Take a new hennes egge, make a hole at one end, and let the substance out, then take the yolke without the white, and foure times as much in quantitie of quicksilver; grinde them well together, and put them into the shell; stop the hole thereof with chalke, and the white of an egge, then lay it under an henne that sitteth with sixe more, let her sit on it three weeks, then breake it up, and write with it.
To write with gold out of a Pensil.
Take honey, and salt a like quantitie, grinde them well, and put to them a leafe of gold, with a little white of an egge; put it into a mussell shell, and let it purifie; then temper it with gumme-water, and write with it, pollish it.
Or else grinde a leafe of silver, or gold, very small with gumme-water, and wash it in a mussell shell as aforesaid.
To temper Azure or Bise.
Take Azure or Bise, and grinde it on a stone with cleane water; then put it in a broad glasse, or shell, and when it hath stood a while all the dregs will sleet above, and the cleane colour will fall to the bottome; then poure out the water with the dregs, and poure the azure in cleane water againe; then stirre the colour and water together, and let it stand, and fine, and after that poure out the water, and dregs againe: do thus till it be well purged; then grinde it againe on a stone with gumme-water, and put it into a horne, or shell; when you paint or write, stirre it, and let the sticke drop into the pen, for it will sinke to the bottome as lead.
To temper Turnsole.
Take Turnsole, and wet it once or twice in cleare water, and let it lye till it be well steeped; then wring it into a dish till the colour be good, and sad; with this you may flourish red letters, or vestures, and this colour shall be darked, sadded, or renewed with blacke inke.
To make colouring, called Vernix: to varnish gold, silver, or any other colour on vellem, paper, timber, stone, &c.
Take Bengewine, and bray it well betwixt two papers, then put it into a viol, and poure on itAqua vitæ, that it may stand aboue the bengewine three or foure fingers, and let it steepe so a day or two; then put to it for halfe a violl ofAqua vitæfiue or sixe chieues of Saffron slenderly stamped; this done, straine it, and with a Pensil vernish therewith any thing gilded, which will become bright and shining, drying it selfe immediately, and will continue the brightnesse many yeares; But if you will varnish on siluer, then take the white that is found in Bengewine and dresse it withAqua vitæas afore, leauing out the Saffron, and the said vernish made with these onely is very good to varnish all things as well painted, as not painted: for it maketh Tables of Walnut tree and Hebene to glister if it bee laid on them; and all other things, as Iron, Copper, or Tin gilded, or not; it maketh bright, preserveth and aideth the colour, and dryeth incontinent without taking dust.
To make a double size to lay gold or silver on an embossed ground.
Take Venice Ceruse, white lead, plaister of an old Image, or chalke, any of these made in fine powder, and ground with the white of an egge, and a little water: this will make a good bottome to lay silver on. But when you use any of these to lay under gold, put to it a little Saffron, put not too much water; mingle it after discretion, and looke the size be thicke standing: put the size thus tempered, in a horne or shell in some Celler, or shadowed place, where it may stand moyst seven dayes, till it be perfect clammy and rotten, and once a day stirre it; the elder the size is, it is the better. If there stand any bubbles on the size, put in eare waxe, for that is a remedy thereto, and before you lay it on your worke, lay the size on a scrow, and dry it, and when it is dry, bend it, and if it bend and breake not, then it is perfect, and if it breake, put to it a little water to make it weaker, and proue if it cleaueth fast to the booke, if not, put glayr thereto, and make it more stedfast: the like size may you make of Gipsium, Bolearmoniacke, red or yellow Oker, Orpment or Masticot, with browne of Spaine, or red lead: if euery of them be ground seuerally, and tempered as afore.
Of painting in Oyle.
Here you must provide one thing more then you did before: that is, a Pallet (so called by Artists) whereupon you must put a small quantitie of euery such colour you are to use, the forme whereof followeth.
The Pallet.
The Pallet.
The Pallet.
The colours to be used, are altogether such dry substances as I mentioned formerly: as Oker, Vermilion red lead, Vmber, Spanish browne, Lam-blacke, Gambugice, Masticot, Orpment, Ceruse, or Spanish white, blew and greene Bise, Verdigrease, and a multitude of such like, which may be had at the Rose inCornehill, London.
Your colours must be ground all very finely, and tempered with Linseed oyle; and to preserve them, put them in little earthen pans, and put water upon them, and cover them, that the dust come not at them: thus they may be kept a great while, and from thence you may take them as your use doth require.
There are divers colours which without the admixture of another colour, will not be dry a great while; as Lake, Verdigrease, Lam-blacke: with such you must temper a little Vmber or red lead.
Divers Painters there are, that having haste of worke, doe use to temper their colour with one part of fatte oyle, and two of common Linseed oyle, and by this meanes they make the colours dry the sooner: this fat oyle is onely Linseed oyle exposed to the weather, and so it becommeth thicker: yea sometimes you shall see it so thicke, that you may cut it almost like Butter: it may bee made likewise by boyling of it a little while, but the former is the best. As for the tempering of your colours, I can prescribe no surer way then experience with diligent observation.
Of Graving
Of Graving.
Of Graving.
Of Graving.
It is possible for one to be a good Painter, and yet not to be able to draw well with the pen, because there is not required in a Painter such a curious and exact carriage of the hand: but it is impossible for one ever to Grave or Etch well, except he can draw well with the pen. First therefore presupposing you can doe the first before you attempt the second, you must provide divers graving tooles, both long and short: some for hard worke, some for sweet worke, some for smaller worke, and some for greater: also a peece of a Beaver hat, and a good oyle stone, smoothed on one side, and free from pin holes, and plates of Copper or Brasse exactly polished.
Of Gravers.
There are two principall sorts of Gravers, the long and the short: the long are straight, and for to engrave Plates withall, especially the greater, and these are to be held as the figure following doth expresse: where you may note that the pummell of the Graver resteth against the ball of the thumb, and the point is guided with the forefinger. And there ought to bee a little bagge of sand under your Plate, to the end that you might turne your plate upon it as your worke doth require.
The second sort is a short Graver, and turneth up somewhat at the end, and that is to engrave Letters and Scutchions in plate seales, and smaller plates, being fastened in some convenient instrument: this must be held likewise according unto the expression of the figure following: where it is to be noted, that the pummell of the Graver is stayed against the further part of the hand, and is guided by the inward side of the thumbe. It were needfull that there were a piece of leather like a Taylors thimble, about the end of the thumbe, waxed or glued, whereby to guide the Graver more steadily, and stay it upon occasion.
How to make Gravers.
Provide some good crosse-bow steele, and cause it to be beaten out into small rods, and softned: then with a good file you may shape them at your pleasure: when you have done, heat them red hot, and dip them straight downe into sope, and by so doing, they will bee hard indeed. Note that if in the dipping of them into the sope, you turne your hand never so little awry, the Graver will be crooked. These Gravers made and hardened after this manner, doe farre exceed all the other Gravers.
If your gravers be too hard, heate them a little, and thrust them into tallow, and they will be tougher.
The oyle stone is to whet your gravers on; drop one or two drops of sallet oyle upon it, and whet your graver thereon, and it will have an edge presently.
How to smooth and pollish Copper Plates.
Because that in the printing with Copper Plates, the least scratch, though it be scarce visible, receiveth its impression, and so many times disgraceth the worke: I have set downe a way to smooth plates for impression.
First, take a piece of Brasse, or Copper, of what bignesse you intend, of an indifferent thicknesse, and see as neere as you can, that it bee free from fire flawes. First beat it as smooth as you can with a hammer, then rub it smooth with a pumice stone that is void of gravell, (least it race it, & so cause you as much more labour to get them out) burnish it after with a burnishing iron, having first dropped a drop or two of sallet oyle on it: then rub it over with a cole, prepared as is after taught, and lastly with a peece of beaver hat dipt in sallet oyle, rub it very well for an houre: thus you may polish it exactly.
How to prepare your Coales.
Take Beechen charcole, such as when they are broke, doe shine, such as are void of clifts, and such as breake off even: burne them againe, and as soone as they are all through on fire, quench them in chamber lye: after take them out, and put them in faire water, and reserue them for your use.
Having prepared all things in a readinesse, you must haue a draught of that you intend to cut or engrave.
Take the plate then, and waxe it lightly ouer, and then either pounce the picture upon it, or trace it, or by drawing ouer the lines of the picture with ungummed inke, reprint it upon the Plate: then worke upon it, obseruing the shadow, so that being printed, it may stand right, for it will be backward upon your plate: when you haue cut one stroke, drop a little sallet oyle upon your peece of Bever, and rub over the said stroke, for by this meanes you shall better see the stroke, and how to cut the next equall unto it, and so the rest proportionally distant one from another; but to worke by a Candle, you must place a glasse of faire water betweene the Candle, and a paper betweene that and the Plate, (which casteth a true light) or you will never be able to worke truely and aright.
Of Etching.
Etching is an imitation of engrauing, but more speedily performed. Things may be expressed to the life thereby, but not so sweetly as by the Graver. It is thus performed: the Plate you are to etch upon, must first exactly be pollished, afterwards ouerlaid but very lightly with a ground made for the purpose, (of which anon) and thereupon must be pounced, drawne, or traced, the thing that you are to etch: then the said ground is to be pierced with diuers stiles of seuerall bignesse according as the shadowes of the picture doe require: afterwards the edges of the Plate are to be raised with soft waxe and strong water, (for so they terme it:) (It is to be had at the signe of the Legge inFoster Lanea Distiller) is to be put upon it, which in those places were the strokes, are required to be lightly performed, is to be abated or alayed with faire water, which hauing dured a while upon the plate, will eate into it, as it were engraven, then put it into cold water, and wash it about, and it will leaue eating further, and then take off the ground and it is done.
A red ground for Etching.
Take red lead, grinde it very well, and temper it with varnish.
A white ground.
Take one ounce of Waxe, and two ounces of Rosin, melt them together, and adde thereto a quarter of an ounce of Venice Ceruse ground fine, lay it on while it is hot.
A blacke ground.
Take Asphaltum two parts, Bees waxe one part; melt them together, and being warme, lay it on very thinly with a fine lawne ragge. If it seeme somewhat red in any one part, hold it over the smoake of a Linke or waxe candle, and it will be amended. Note that it is a principall thing in this Art to lay the ground on aright.
Another way how to engrave with water.
Take Verdigrease, Mercury sublimated, vitreoll, and allum, a like quantity, beate all to powder, put them into a glasse, and let it stand so halfe a day, and stirre it often, then lay on the plate, waxe, mingled with Linseed oyle, or red lead with Linseed oyle, and write in it that you meane to grave, then put the water on it, and let it so remaine halfe a day, if you will have it very deepe, let it lye longer. If you will engrave Images, &c. lay the waxe on the Iron or Steele, thin, and draw what you will theron, that it may touch the mettall, then put the water into the strokes, and it will be engraven.
How to engrave on a flint stone.
Take a Flint, and write on it what you will, with the fat or tallow of an Oxe, afterward lay the flint in vineger, foure dayes.
FINIS.
FINIS.
FINIS.
Place this betweene folio 14. and 15.
Place this betweene folio 14. and 15.
Place this betweene folio 14. and 15.
THE BOOKE OFEXTRAVAGANTS:Wherein amongst others, is principallycontrived divers excellent and approvedMedicines for severall maladies.ByI. B.
THE BOOKE OFEXTRAVAGANTS:Wherein amongst others, is principallycontrived divers excellent and approvedMedicines for severall maladies.ByI. B.
THE BOOKE OF
EXTRAVAGANTS:
Wherein amongst others, is principally
contrived divers excellent and approved
Medicines for severall maladies.
ByI. B.
THE BOOKE OF EXTRAVAGANTS
LONDON.Printed byThomas Harper, forRalph Mab. 1634.
LONDON.Printed byThomas Harper, forRalph Mab. 1634.
LONDON.
Printed byThomas Harper, forRalph Mab. 1634.
To the Reader
To the Reader.
To the Reader.
To the Reader.
Courteous Reader, forasmuch as there were divers experiments that I could not conveniently, or rather my occasions would not permit me to dispose in such order as I would have done; I thought it would not bee amisse to call them by the names of Extravagants, and so to set them downe as I found them, eyther inserted amongst other my notes, as I put them in practise, or as they came into remembrance.
How to make a light burne under the water, being a very pretty conceypt to take fish.
Let there be a glasse, as A, having a hole at the bottome, to put a candle in with a screwed socket. The socket must have a loope at the bottome, whereunto you must hang a weight of such heavinesse, that it may draw the body of the glasse under water. The necke of this glasse must bee open, and stand above the water; also about the necke must bee fastened a good broad peece of wood; round about which (but on that side of it that is next unto the water) must be placed divers peeces of looking glasses; so the light of the candle in the glasse body will bee multiplied according unto the number of them. All the fishes neere unto it will resort about it, as amazed at so glorious a sight, and so you may take them with a cast net or other.
How to make an image hang in the middle of a glasse.
Make the lower part of the image of hard wax, and the upper part of wood, and overlay it with oyle colours; then put it into a globe glasse filled with fayre water, and which way soever you turne the glasse, the image will still hang in the middle, and stand as it were upright; which, to my knowledge, hath been a thing causing no small admiration among divers that have not understood the cause of it.
How to make five or six dice of the ordinary bignesse of dice, such as you may game withall, and such as would be taken by their lookes to bee ordinary dice, and yet all of them to weigh not above one grain.
Take a peece of Elder, and pith it, lay the pith to dry, and then make thereof with a sharp knife five or six dice, and you shall finde it true that I haue sayd.
To lay gold on any thing.
Take red Lead ground first very fine, temper it with linseed oyle: write with it, and lay leafe gold on it, let it dry, and pollish it.
To lay gold on glasse.
Grinde Chalk, and red Lead, of each a like quantity, together, temper them with linseed oyle, lay it on; when it is almost dry, lay your leafe gold on it, when it is quite dry polish it.
To make yron as soft as lead.
Take black flints, powder them very finely; then put the powder in an iron pan, and make it red-hot, then cast it on a marble stone, till it be almost cold, then make it red-hot againe, and let it coole, and grinde it so long till it cleave to the stone, and grinde as it were clay; then put that in a glasse, and set it under the eaves of a house, where the Sunne commeth not nigh in the day, then the night after take out the water that you shall finde in the glasse above the powder, then take that powder and grinde it with the water, and put it in a stillatory, and let it still out the halfe; afterward poure the water againe on the sayd powder, and still it againe with a soft fire; then take and seethe that water till the halfe bee wasted, then take some iron blade that is new broke, and put it together, and hold it so a little while; then take of the water which was sod to the half, and with a feather lay it first to the one side of the blade, and when the water is cold, lay it on the other side, and it will soder fast with this water; and with this water you may make steele as soft as lead. It is likewise a soveralgne water to help the gout, being anoynted where the griefe is, for it giveth ease very speedily.
To colour tin, or copper, &c. of a golden colour.
Take linseed oyle, set it on the fire, scum it cleane, then put therein of amber, and aloe hepaticum, a like quantity, then beat and stir all well together with the oyle till it wax thick; then take it off, and cover it close, and set it in the earth three dayes: when you would use it, strike your metall all ouer therewith, and so let it dry, and it will be of a golden colour.
To gild iron with a water.
Take running water 3 pound, rochallum 3 pound, and Roman vitreoll one ounce, of vardigrease one penny waight, saltgem three ounces, orpment one ounce, boyle all these together, and when it begins to boyle, put in lees of tartar and bay salt, of each halfe an ounce; make it seethe, and being sod a pretty while, take it from the fire, and strike the iron over therewith, then let it dry against the fire, and then burnish it.
To soder on iron.
Set your joynt of iron as close as you can, then lay them so in a glowing fire; then take of Venice glasse in fine powder, and the iron being red-hot, cast the powder thereon, and it shall soder of it selfe. If you clap it in clay, it will be the surer way.
To gild on iron or steele.
Take one ounce of argall, three drammes of vermileon, and two drams of bol armeniack, with as much aqua vitæ, then work and grinde them all together on a stone, with linseed oyle; having so done, put thereto lapis calaminaris as big as a hazell nut, and grinde therewith in the end three or foure drops of varnish; take it off the stone, and strain it through a linnen cloth into a stone pot, (for it must bee as thick as hony) then strike over your iron therewith, and let it dry, and then lay your gold or silver on, as you would do upon the varnish.
A varnish like gold, for tin, silver, or copper.
Take small pots well leaded, then put therein six ounces of linseed oyle, one ounce of mastick, one ounce of aloes epaticum; make them altogether in fine powder, and then put it into your sayd pot, and cover it with such another; yet in the bottom of the uppermost pot make a small hole, wherein put a small stick with a broad end beneath to stir the other pot withall, and when the pots are set just together, close them all about with good clay, and couer them all over also, leaving the hole open above to stir the other pot with the stick; set it over the fire, and stir it as often as it seetheth, and when you will gild, pollish your metall over first, and then strike this over the metall, and let it dry in the Sunne.
To lay Gold on Iron, or other mettall.
Take liquid Varnish l.1. Turpentine, & oyle of Lynseed, of each an ounce: mixe them all together: with this ground you may gild on any mettall, first striking it upon the mettall, and afterward lay on the gold or silver. When it is dry, polish it.
To make Ice that will melt in fire, but not dissolve in Water.
Take strong water made with saltpeter, allum, and oyle of tartar, of each, one pound. Infuse them together, then put into them a littleaqua ardens, and it will presently coagulate them, and turne them into ice.
A cement as hard as stone.
Take powder of Loadstone, and of flints, a like quantity of either, and with whites of egges, and gumme dragant, make paste, and in a few dayes it will grow as hard as a stone.
To make Paper waved like unto marble.
Take divers oyled colours, put them severally in drops upon water, and stirre the water lightly, and then wet the paper (being of some thicknesse) with it, and it will be waved like a marble: dry them in the Sun.
To make Copper or Brasse have the colour of silver.
TakeSal Armoniacke, allum, and salt, of each a like quantity, and with a little filings of silver, let all be mixt together, then put them into the fire, that they may be hot, and when they shall cease to smoke, then with the same powder moystned with spittle, rub your Copper or Brasse.
How to make glew to hold things together as fast as stone.
Take of the powder of tile sheard, two pound, unflakt lyme, foure pound, oyle of Lynseed, a sufficient quantity to temper the whole mixure; this is marvellous strong.
To make a thinne glew.
Takegluten piscis, beate the same strongly on an Anvill, till it be thin; after lay it to soke in water, untill it be come very soft and tender: then worke it like paste, to make small rowles thereof, which draw out very thinne, and when you will worke with it, put some of it into an earthen pot, with a little water, over the embers, and skim the same very cleane, and let it seeth a little while, then worke with the same: keeping it still over the fire. With this glew you may fasten peeces of glasse together.
To make Iron have the colour of Brasse.
First, polish it well, rub it after withaqua fortis, wherein the filings of brasse are dissolved: the like may bee done with Roman vitrioll dissolved in vineger and faire water, of each a like quantity.
To make wood or bone red for ever.
Take the powder of Brazill, mingle it well with milke, but so, that it be very red, and put therein, either wood or bone, letting it lye in eight dayes, and it will looke red for ever.
How with one Candle to make as great a light, as otherwise of two or three of the same bignesse.
Cause a round and double glasse to be made, of a large size, and in fashion like a globe, but with a great round hole in the top, and in the concave part of the uppermost glasse, place a candle in a loose socket, and at the same hole or pipe which must be made at the side thereof, fill the same with spirit of wine, or some other cleere distilled water that will not putrifie, and this one candle will give a great and wonderfull light, somewhat resembling the sunne beames.
A Cement for broken Glasses.
Beate the whitest Fish glew with a hammer, till it begin to waxe cleere, then cut the same into very small pieces, suffering the same to dissolve on a gentle fire, in a leaded pan, with a few drops ofaqua vitæ, then let some other that standeth by, hold both the pieces that are to bee cemented, over a chafingdish of coles, till they be warme: and during their heat, lay on the dissolved glew with a fine pensill; then binde the glasse with wyre or threed, and let it rest till it be cold.
An admirable secret of representing the very forme of Plants, by their ashes, philosophically prepared, spoken of byQuertitanusandAngelus salæ.
Take saith hee, the salt both the fixed and the volatill also. Take the very spirit, and the phlegme of any herbs, but let them all be rightly prepared; dissolve them, and coagulate them, upon which if you put the water stilled from May dew, or else the proper water of the herbe you would have appear, close them all very well in a glasse for the purpose, and by the heat of embers, or the naturall heat of ones body, at the bottome of the glasse, the very forme and Idæa thereof will be represented: which will suddenly vanish away, the heat being withdrawne from the bottome of the glasse. As I will not argue the impossibility of this experiment, so I would be loth to employ mine endeavours, untill I were expert therein.
A device to bend glasse Canes, or make any small worke in Glasse.
Let there be a vessell of Copper about the bignesse of a common Foot-ball, as, A, let it have a long Pipe at the top as G, which must be made so that you may upon occasion screw on lesser, or bigger vents made for the purpose. Fill this one third part with water, and set it over a fornace of coals, as E, G, H, I, and when the water beginneth to heat, there will come a strong breath out of the nose of the vessell, that will force the flame of a lampe placed at a convenient distance as K: if you hold your glasse in the extention of the flame it will melt suddenly; so you may worke what you will thereof. There are that instead of this globe make use of a Pipe, as A, fastned in a sticke as, F, of which I have made use, but hold it not so convenient for those that are not accustomed thereunto.
An excellent Water for any Morphue, or scurvinesse in the Face.
Take of quicke Sulphur 2. ounces, blacke Sope, the rankest and illest favoured that can bee got: binde them up in a cloth, and hang them in a pint of the strongest wine-vineger for the space of nine dayes; herewith wash the Morphue in the Face or elsewhere, and let it dry in of it selfe. This Water will for the present staine the face with a yelow collour, which will weare away in time.
How to soften Iron.
Take of Allum, sal Armoniacke, Tartar, a like quantitie of either, put them into good vineger, and set them on the fire: heat your Iron, and quench it therein.
A good Cement for broken glasses.
Take raw silke, and beat it with glasse, and mixe them together with the whites of Egges.
Another.
Take of calcined flints, quicke lyme, and common salt, of each a like quantity: mingle them all together with the whites of Egges; then take a linnen cloth and spread it over with this mixture, and put it upon the fracture, and let it dry; afterwards annoint it with Linseed oyle.
How to cause that the same quantitie both of powder and shot discharged out of the same peece shall carry closer, or more scattering.
Take the quantitie of a pease of Opium, and charge it amongst the shot; and this will make the shot to flie closer together then otherwise it would. This I had of a Sea-man, who had made triall hereof, as he said, and unto whom I sold some for the same purpose.
A Baite to catch Fish with.
TakeCocculus Indiæ℥ ss, Henbane-seeds, and wheaten flower, of each a quarter of an ounce, hive honey as much as will make them into paste. Where you see most store of Fish in the River, cast of this paste into it in divers little bits about the bignesse of barley cornes, and anon you shall see the fish swimme on the top of the water, some reeling to and fro as drunken, others with their bellies upwards as if they were nigh dead; so that you may take them either with your hands, or a small net at the end of a sticke made for the same use. Note here, that if you put the Fish that you thus take, into a bucket of faire and fresh water, or if it raine after that you have cast this your bait into the water, they will revive and come to themselves to your admiration; and this was told me by a Gentleman of good credit, that hath often made use thereof.
I have heard that the stinking oyle drawne out of the roots of Polipody of the oake by a retort, mixed with Turpentine, and hive-honey, and being anointed upon the bait will draw the fish mightily thereto, and make them bite the faster: and I my selfe have seene fishes, as Roches, and taken in the dead time of Winter with an angle, bayted onely with paste made of Wheaten flowre, but it hath beene in the morning, and when the Sunne hath shined.