Q

QQuäaqua.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83Quacamayo Birds.In a myth of the Canaris Indians,319Quaquiutl.Indian tribe,83Quatlapanqui(The Head-splitter). Apulque-god,104Quatavita, The Lake of.The Chibchas and,276Quauhquauhtinchan(House of the Eagles). Sacrifice to the sun in,99Quauhtitlan.Place mentioned in legend of Quetzalcoatl’s journey from Tollan,64Quauhxicalli(Cup of the Eagles). Mexican sacrificial stone,99,100Quauitleua.Festival of Tlaloc,77Quauitlicac.In myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71,72Quemada.Place in Mexico; cyclopean ruins at,32Quenti-puncu.Door to be passed before reaching Rock of Titicaca,311Quetzalcoatl(“Feathered Serpent” or “Feathered Staff”).The Kukulcan of the Maya, god of the sun, the wind, and thunder, common to Mexican and Maya mythologies; Mexican legend of,6–7;probably cognate with Yetl,12;king of the Toltecs in Nahua myth,21;Tezcatlipoca and,60,79;Huitzilopochtli, Tezcatlipoca, and Tlacahuepan plot against,60;quits Tollan and proceeds to Tlapallan,64–65,79;probably a god of pre-Nahua people,78;“Father of the Toltecs,”79;enlightened sway as ruler of Tollan,79;consequences of his exile,79;legend of, in connection with the morning star,80,96;whether rightly considered god of the sun,80;conception of, as god of the air,80;as wind-god and god of fire and light,80–81;whether originating from a “culture-hero,”81;the “St. Thomas” idea,81;as Man of the Sun,81–82;as usually represented,82;regarded as a liberator,82;various conceptions of,82–84,167;probable northern origin,83;Hueymatzin and,84;the worship of,84–85;the priesthood of,116;place in the Mexican calendar,122;vogue among Maya,144,167;regarded as foreign to the soil in Mexico,167;differences in the Maya and Nahua conceptions of,167;called Kukulcan by the Maya,167;called Gucumatz in Guatemala,167,236;God B probably is,173Quetzalpetlatl.Female counterpart of Quetzalcoatl,79Quiche.Same as Kiche,which seeQuichua.Peruvian race,254–255;fusion of, with Aymara,285–286Quichua-Aymara.The Inca race.SeeIncasQuichua Chinchay-suyu.One of the four racial divisions of ancient Peru,255Quinames.Earth-giants; in Toltec creation-myth,120Quineveyan.Grotto, mentioned in Aztec migration-myth,233Quinuamama.Guardian spirit of the quinua plant, in Peru,295Quipos.Cords used by the Incas for records and communications,278–279;account of the use of, by the Marquis de Nadaillac,278–279Quito.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289RRaxa-Cakulha.A sub-god of Hurakan,237Religion.I. Of the Nahua,54–55;the worship of one god,58–59.II. Of the Peruvians,291;inferior to the Mexican,248;the legend relating to the evolution of,305–306Riopampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286Rosny, Léon de.Research on the Maya writing by,161–162Rumi-ñaui.Inca general; in the dramaApu-Ollanta,252–253SSacrifice, Human.In connection with Teotleco festival,69;with Toxcatl festival,69–70;with Tlaloc,76–77;displaced by “substitution of part for whole,”85,116;in the Xalaquia festival,87;in connection with Xipe,92;Xolotl the representative of,93;in worship of the planet Venus,96;in sun-worship,98–100,101;the keynote of Nahua mythology,166;among the Maya,166;at Mitla, described by Father Burgoa,202–203;among the Chibchas,276;in Peru,313Sacrificed Princess, the legend of the,123–124Sacsahuaman.Inca fortress; the ruins of,250;built by Pachacutic,287Sahagun, Father Bernardino.His work on Mexican lore,56–57;account of the Teotleco festival,68–69;account of a confession ceremony,106–108Salish Indians,83“Salvador,” The.A curious Inca vase,281San Carlos.The University of, in Guatemala; the lostPopol Vuhfound in,207San Lorenzo.Village; in a myth of Paricaca,327Saramama.Guardian spirit of the maize plant, in Peru,295Schellhas, Dr.And the Maya writing,162;and names of the Maya deities,168Scherzer, Dr. C.Finds the lostPopol Vuh,207Sea.Worshipped by the Peruvians as Mama-cocha,306Seler, Dr.On Quetzalcoatl,80–81;on Xolotl,93–94;and the Maya writing,162,164;on God K,175–176;on God P,177;on Mitla and the origin of the American race,198Serpent.Varied significance of the,72,74,76;association of Huitzilopochtli with,72–73;associated with the bird,73Seven Caverns.Myth of the,123Sierra Nevada(Mountain of Snow). In legend of Quetzalcoatl’s migration,65Sinchi Roca(Wise Chief). The second Inca,283Skinner, J.Account of the discovery of a wooden cross,274–275;onmohanes,297–298;account of the methods of medicine men in Peru,314–315;account of obsequies among a Peruvian tribe,315–317Släalekam.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83Sondor-huasi.An Inca building bearing a thatched roof,269Soto, Hernando de.Mentioned,7Squier, E. G.On the Coricancha,261Stephens, J. L.Legend of the dwarf related by,192–194;story of the unknown city,195Stones, worship of, in Peru,292–293Suarez.Lorillard City discovered by,195Sun.Prophecy as to coming of white men from,7;symbolised as a serpent by Hopi Indians,82;pictured as abode of Quetzalcoatl,82;“father” of Totonacs,82;Quaquiutl myth respecting,83–84;worship of the, in Mexico,97–102;the supreme Mexican deity,97;the heart his special sacrifice,97;blood his especial food,98;destruction of successive suns,98;human sacrifice to, in Mexico,98–100;as god of warriors,99;conception of the warrior’s after-life with,101;the feast of Totec, the chief Mexican festival of,101–102;the supreme Maya deity,171;in Inca creation-myth,258,305;in the mythology of the Chibchas,276;worship of, in Peru,306,307–313;the possessions of, and service rendered to,308–309;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;especially worshipped by the aged,310;the Intip-Raymi festival of,311–312;the Citoc-Raymi festival,312–313;human sacrifice to, in Peru,313Sunrise, Land of.In early American belief,6“Suns,” the Four.In Aztec theology,55Susur-pugaio.A fountain; and the vision of Yupanqui,318TTabasco.Same as Tlapallan,which see“Tablet of the Cross,”161,185–186Tancah.Maya city,8Tapac-yauri.The royal sceptre of the Incas,321Tarahumare.Mexican tribe; and cliff-dwellings,25Tarma.Place in Peru; Huanca defeated at,285Tarpuntaita-cuma.Incas who conducted sacrifice,311Tata(Our Father). A name of the Mexican fire-god,95Tayasal.Maya city,196Teatlahuiani.Apulque-god,104Tecpanecs.Confederacy of Nahua tribes,26,50;significance of the name,26,50;rivals of the Chichimecs,27;of Huexotzinco, defeated by Tlascaltecs,49;Aztecs allies of,51;growth of their empire,51;conquer Tezcuco and Chichimecs,51Tecumbalam.Bird in the Kiche story of the creation,209Telpochtli(The Youthful Warrior). A name of Tezcatlipoca,66Temacpalco.Place mentioned in the myth of Quetzalcoatl’s journey to Tlapallan,65Temalacatl.The Mexican gladiatorial stone of combat,100Temple of the Cross No. I, The, at Palenque,185,186;No. II,186Temple of Inscriptions, The, at Palenque,185Temple of the Sun, The.I. At Palenque,185.II. At Tikal,196Tenayucan.Chichimec city,26Tenochtitlan.Same as Mexico,which seeTeo-Amoxtli(Divine Book). A Nahua native chronicle,45–46Teocalli.The Mexican temple,30Teocuinani.Mountain; sacred to Tlaloc,77Teohuatzin.High-priest of Huitzilopochtli,75Teotihuacan.Sacred city of the Toltecs,18,47;the fiend at the convention at,18;the Mecca of the Nahua races,32;architectural remains at,32,33;rebuilt by Xolotl, Chichimec king,33;Charnay’s excavations at,33Teotleco(Coming of the Gods). Mexican festival,68–69Teoyaominqui.Name given to the image of Chicomecohuatl by early investigators,88;Payne on the error,88–90Tepeolotlec.A distortion of the name of Tepeyollotl,102Tepeyollotl(Heart of the Mountain). A god of desert places,102–103;called Tepeolotlec,102Tepoxtecatl.Thepulque-god of Tepoztlan,105,117Tepoztlan.Mexican city,105Tequechmecauiani.Apulque-god,104Tequiua.Disguise of Tezcatlipoca,63Ternaux-Compans, H.Cited,4Teteoinnan(Mother of the Gods). Mexican maize-goddess, known also as Tocitzin, and identical with Centeotl the mother,85,90Tezcatlipoca(Fiery Mirror). Same as Titlacahuan and Tlamatzincatl. The Mexican god of the air, the Jupiter of the Nahua pantheon,37,59,67;tribal god of the Tezcucans,59;development of the conception,59–60;in legends of the overthrow of Tollan,60;adversary of Quetzalcoatl,60,79;plots against Quetzalcoatl, and overcomes him,60–61;as Toueyo, and the daughter of Uemac,61–62;and the dance at the feast in Tollan,63;as Tequiua, and the garden of Xochitla,63;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64;as Nezahualpilli,66;as Yaotzin,66;asTelpochtli,66;as usually depicted,66;Aztec conception of, as wind-god,66;as Yoalli Ehecatl,66;extent and development of the cult of,67–68;as Moneneque,67;and the Teotleco festival,68–69;the Toxcatl festival of,69–70,74;in the character of Tlazolteotl,107,108Tezcotzinco.The villa of Nezahualcoyotl,133–136Tezcuco.I. Chichimec city,26,47;rivalry with Azcapozalco,49;its hegemony,49;conquered by Tecpanecs,51;allied with Aztecs,52;Tezcatlipoca the tribal god,59;the story of Nezahualcoyotl, the prince of,125–128.II. Lake,26;in legend of the foundation of Mexico,28;the cities upon,47,49–50Tezozomoc, F. de A.On Mexican mythology,58Theozapotlan.Mexican city,203Thlingit.Indian tribe,83Thomas, Professor C.Research on Maya writing,162;on God L,176Thomas, St.The Apostle; Cortés believed to be,7;associated with the Maya cross,187,275;and the wooden cross found in the valley of the Chichas,274Thonapa.Son of the creator in Peruvian myth; in connection with stone-worship,293;myths of,319–320Thunder-god, Peruvian,299–302Tiahuanaco.Prehistoric city of the Andeans,249–250;the great doorway at,249;in a legend of Manco Ccapac,256;in Inca creation-myth,258;and legend of Thonapa the Civiliser,293Tiçotzicatzin.In the story of Princess Papan,140Tikal.Maya city; architectural remains at,196Titicaca.I. Lake,249;settlements of the Quichua-Aymara on the shores of,254;Manco Ccapac and Mama Oullo Huaca descend to earth near,256;regarded by Peruvians as place where men and animals were created,298;called Mamacota by people of the Collao,298;idols connected with,298–299.II. Island on Lake Titicaca;the most sacred of the Peruvian shrines,270;ruined palace on,270;sacred rock on, thepaccariscaof the sun,293,309;sun-worship and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;the Inca Tupac and the Rock,309–310;effect on the island of the Inca worship of the Rock,310;pilgrimage to,310–311;Thonapa on,320Titlacahuan.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which seeTitlacahuan-Tezcatlipoca,123Tiya-manacu.Town in Peru; Thonapa at,320Tlacahuepan.Mexican deity; plots against Quetzalcoatl,60;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64Tlachtli.National ball-game of the Nahua and Maya,33,220,224,227Tlacopan.Mexican city,26,50;Aztecs allied with,52Tlaelquani(Filth-eater). A name of Tlazolteotl,which seeTlalhuicole.Tlascalan warrior; the story of,136–138Tlaloc.The Mexican rain-god,or god of waters,29,75;and the foundation of Mexico,29;in association with Huitzilopochtli,74;as usually represented,75–76;espoused to Chalchihuitlicue,75;Tlalocs his offspring,75;Kiche god Hurakan his prototype,76;manifestations of,76;festivals of,77;human sacrifice in connection with,76–77;and Atamalqualiztli festival,77–78;similarities to, in other mythologies,78Tlalocan(The Country of Tlaloc). Abode of Tlaloc,76Tlalocs.Gods of moisture; and Huemac II,16;offspring of Tlaloc,75Tlalxicco(Navel of the Earth). Name of the abode of Mictlan,95Tlamatzincatl.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which seeTlapallan(The Country of Bright Colours). Legendary region,11;Nahua said to have originated at,11;the Toltecs and,11;Quetzalcoatl proceeds to, from Tollan,64–65,79Tlapallan, Huehue(Very Old Tlapallan). In Toltec creation-myth,119Tlapallantzinco.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12Tlascala(orTlaxcallan). Mexican city,47,48;and the “bloodless battle” with Mexico,48,98,99;decline,49Tlascalans.Mexican race, offshoot of the Acolhuans,26;helped Cortés against Aztecs,26,47Tlauizcalpantecutli(Lord of the Dawn). Name of the planet Venus; myth of Quetzalcoatl and,80,96;Quetzalcoatl called,84;worship of,96;in the Mexican calendar,96Tlaxcallan.Same as Tlascala,which seeTlazolteotl(God of Ordure) (orTlaelquani). Mexican goddess of confession,106–108Tlenamacac(Ordinary Priests). Lesser order of the Mexican priesthood,116Tloque Nahuaque(Lord of All Existence). Toltec deity,119Tobacco.Use of, among the Nahua,45Tochtepec.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12Tocitzin(Our Grandmother).SeeTeteoinnanTohil(The Rumbler). Form of Quetzalcoatl,84;guides the Kiche-Maya to their first city,152;the god assigned to Balam-Quitze in the Kiche myth of the creation,230;gives fire to the Kiche,230–231;turned into stone,231Tollan.Toltec city, modern Tula; founded,13,26;its magnificence,14;afflicted by the gods,16–17;Huehuetzin’s rebellions,18,19;overthrown,19;Charnay’s excavations at,34;Tezcatlipoca and the overthrow of,60;Quetzalcoatl leaves,64,79Tollantzinco.City of the Acolhuans,48;Toltecs at,12Toltecs.First Nahua immigrants to Mexico,11;whether a real or a mythical race,11,20–22;at Tlapallan,11,12;migration route,12;their migration a forced one,12;imaginative quality of their myths,13;elect a king,14;progress in arts and crafts,14,23;under plagues,17;their empire destroyed,19,20;and the civilisation of Central America,20;Dr. Brinton’s theory,21;Quetzalcoatl king of,21;possible influence upon Nahua civilisation,22;Acolhuans may have been,26;Tezcatlipoca opposes, and plots against,60–65;and creation-myth recounted by Ixtlilxochitl,119;theory that the Maya were,143Tonacaciuatl(Lady of our Flesh). A name of Omeciuatl,which seeTonacatecutli(Lord of our Flesh). A name of Ometecutli,which seeTonalamatl(Book of the Calendar),107Torito.A bird-maiden; in the myth of origin of the Canaris,319Torquemada, Father.His work on Mexican lore,57;on Mitla,199Totec(Our Great Chief). A sun-god,101–102;his feast, the chief solar festival,101–102Totemism.Among the primitive Peruvians,291–292Totonacs.Aboriginal Mexican race,23;and the sun,82Toueyo.Tezcatlipoca’s disguise,61–63Toveyo.Toltec sorcerer; and the magic drum,16Toxcatl.Festival; of Tezcatlipoca,69–70;of Huitzilopochtli,74Toxilmolpilia.Mexican calendar ceremony; and the native dread of the last day,41Troano Codex.Maya manuscript,160;Dr. Le Plongeon and the reference to Queen Móo in,246Tucuman(World’s End). Name given by the Quichua-Aymara to their land of origin,254Tulan(orTulan-Zuiva). City; the starting-point of the Kiche migrations,157–158,231;the Kiche arrive at, and receive their gods,230;parallel with the Mexican Chicomoztoc,230;the Kiche confounded in their speech at,231Tumipampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289,290Tupac-atau-huallpa(The Sun makes Good Fortune). Son of Huaina Ccapac,289Tupac-Yupanqui(Bright). Tenth Inca, son of Pachacutic,252–253,287–288;achievements as ruler,287;and the Huarcans,288;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–310Tutul Xius.Ruling caste among the Itzaes; found Ziyan Caan and Chichen-Itza,153;expelled from Chichen-Itza by Cocomes,153;settle in Potonchan, build Uxmal, and regain power,154;again overthrown, and found Mani,155;finally assist in conquering the Cocomes,156Tzitzimimes.Demons attendant on Mictlan,96Tzompantitlan.Place mentioned in the myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71Tzompantli(Pyramid of Skulls). Minor temple of Huitzilopochtli,31Tzununiha(House of the Water). One of the first women of thePopol Vuhmyth,230Tzutuhils.A Maya people of Guatemala,158,159

Quäaqua.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83Quacamayo Birds.In a myth of the Canaris Indians,319Quaquiutl.Indian tribe,83Quatlapanqui(The Head-splitter). Apulque-god,104Quatavita, The Lake of.The Chibchas and,276Quauhquauhtinchan(House of the Eagles). Sacrifice to the sun in,99Quauhtitlan.Place mentioned in legend of Quetzalcoatl’s journey from Tollan,64Quauhxicalli(Cup of the Eagles). Mexican sacrificial stone,99,100Quauitleua.Festival of Tlaloc,77Quauitlicac.In myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71,72Quemada.Place in Mexico; cyclopean ruins at,32Quenti-puncu.Door to be passed before reaching Rock of Titicaca,311Quetzalcoatl(“Feathered Serpent” or “Feathered Staff”).The Kukulcan of the Maya, god of the sun, the wind, and thunder, common to Mexican and Maya mythologies; Mexican legend of,6–7;probably cognate with Yetl,12;king of the Toltecs in Nahua myth,21;Tezcatlipoca and,60,79;Huitzilopochtli, Tezcatlipoca, and Tlacahuepan plot against,60;quits Tollan and proceeds to Tlapallan,64–65,79;probably a god of pre-Nahua people,78;“Father of the Toltecs,”79;enlightened sway as ruler of Tollan,79;consequences of his exile,79;legend of, in connection with the morning star,80,96;whether rightly considered god of the sun,80;conception of, as god of the air,80;as wind-god and god of fire and light,80–81;whether originating from a “culture-hero,”81;the “St. Thomas” idea,81;as Man of the Sun,81–82;as usually represented,82;regarded as a liberator,82;various conceptions of,82–84,167;probable northern origin,83;Hueymatzin and,84;the worship of,84–85;the priesthood of,116;place in the Mexican calendar,122;vogue among Maya,144,167;regarded as foreign to the soil in Mexico,167;differences in the Maya and Nahua conceptions of,167;called Kukulcan by the Maya,167;called Gucumatz in Guatemala,167,236;God B probably is,173Quetzalpetlatl.Female counterpart of Quetzalcoatl,79Quiche.Same as Kiche,which seeQuichua.Peruvian race,254–255;fusion of, with Aymara,285–286Quichua-Aymara.The Inca race.SeeIncasQuichua Chinchay-suyu.One of the four racial divisions of ancient Peru,255Quinames.Earth-giants; in Toltec creation-myth,120Quineveyan.Grotto, mentioned in Aztec migration-myth,233Quinuamama.Guardian spirit of the quinua plant, in Peru,295Quipos.Cords used by the Incas for records and communications,278–279;account of the use of, by the Marquis de Nadaillac,278–279Quito.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289

Quäaqua.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83

Quacamayo Birds.In a myth of the Canaris Indians,319

Quaquiutl.Indian tribe,83

Quatlapanqui(The Head-splitter). Apulque-god,104

Quatavita, The Lake of.The Chibchas and,276

Quauhquauhtinchan(House of the Eagles). Sacrifice to the sun in,99

Quauhtitlan.Place mentioned in legend of Quetzalcoatl’s journey from Tollan,64

Quauhxicalli(Cup of the Eagles). Mexican sacrificial stone,99,100

Quauitleua.Festival of Tlaloc,77

Quauitlicac.In myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71,72

Quemada.Place in Mexico; cyclopean ruins at,32

Quenti-puncu.Door to be passed before reaching Rock of Titicaca,311

Quetzalcoatl(“Feathered Serpent” or “Feathered Staff”).The Kukulcan of the Maya, god of the sun, the wind, and thunder, common to Mexican and Maya mythologies; Mexican legend of,6–7;probably cognate with Yetl,12;king of the Toltecs in Nahua myth,21;Tezcatlipoca and,60,79;Huitzilopochtli, Tezcatlipoca, and Tlacahuepan plot against,60;quits Tollan and proceeds to Tlapallan,64–65,79;probably a god of pre-Nahua people,78;“Father of the Toltecs,”79;enlightened sway as ruler of Tollan,79;consequences of his exile,79;legend of, in connection with the morning star,80,96;whether rightly considered god of the sun,80;conception of, as god of the air,80;as wind-god and god of fire and light,80–81;whether originating from a “culture-hero,”81;the “St. Thomas” idea,81;as Man of the Sun,81–82;as usually represented,82;regarded as a liberator,82;various conceptions of,82–84,167;probable northern origin,83;Hueymatzin and,84;the worship of,84–85;the priesthood of,116;place in the Mexican calendar,122;vogue among Maya,144,167;regarded as foreign to the soil in Mexico,167;differences in the Maya and Nahua conceptions of,167;called Kukulcan by the Maya,167;called Gucumatz in Guatemala,167,236;God B probably is,173

Quetzalpetlatl.Female counterpart of Quetzalcoatl,79

Quiche.Same as Kiche,which see

Quichua.Peruvian race,254–255;fusion of, with Aymara,285–286

Quichua-Aymara.The Inca race.SeeIncas

Quichua Chinchay-suyu.One of the four racial divisions of ancient Peru,255

Quinames.Earth-giants; in Toltec creation-myth,120

Quineveyan.Grotto, mentioned in Aztec migration-myth,233

Quinuamama.Guardian spirit of the quinua plant, in Peru,295

Quipos.Cords used by the Incas for records and communications,278–279;account of the use of, by the Marquis de Nadaillac,278–279

Quito.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289

RRaxa-Cakulha.A sub-god of Hurakan,237Religion.I. Of the Nahua,54–55;the worship of one god,58–59.II. Of the Peruvians,291;inferior to the Mexican,248;the legend relating to the evolution of,305–306Riopampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286Rosny, Léon de.Research on the Maya writing by,161–162Rumi-ñaui.Inca general; in the dramaApu-Ollanta,252–253

Raxa-Cakulha.A sub-god of Hurakan,237Religion.I. Of the Nahua,54–55;the worship of one god,58–59.II. Of the Peruvians,291;inferior to the Mexican,248;the legend relating to the evolution of,305–306Riopampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286Rosny, Léon de.Research on the Maya writing by,161–162Rumi-ñaui.Inca general; in the dramaApu-Ollanta,252–253

Raxa-Cakulha.A sub-god of Hurakan,237

Religion.I. Of the Nahua,54–55;the worship of one god,58–59.II. Of the Peruvians,291;inferior to the Mexican,248;the legend relating to the evolution of,305–306

Riopampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286

Rosny, Léon de.Research on the Maya writing by,161–162

Rumi-ñaui.Inca general; in the dramaApu-Ollanta,252–253

SSacrifice, Human.In connection with Teotleco festival,69;with Toxcatl festival,69–70;with Tlaloc,76–77;displaced by “substitution of part for whole,”85,116;in the Xalaquia festival,87;in connection with Xipe,92;Xolotl the representative of,93;in worship of the planet Venus,96;in sun-worship,98–100,101;the keynote of Nahua mythology,166;among the Maya,166;at Mitla, described by Father Burgoa,202–203;among the Chibchas,276;in Peru,313Sacrificed Princess, the legend of the,123–124Sacsahuaman.Inca fortress; the ruins of,250;built by Pachacutic,287Sahagun, Father Bernardino.His work on Mexican lore,56–57;account of the Teotleco festival,68–69;account of a confession ceremony,106–108Salish Indians,83“Salvador,” The.A curious Inca vase,281San Carlos.The University of, in Guatemala; the lostPopol Vuhfound in,207San Lorenzo.Village; in a myth of Paricaca,327Saramama.Guardian spirit of the maize plant, in Peru,295Schellhas, Dr.And the Maya writing,162;and names of the Maya deities,168Scherzer, Dr. C.Finds the lostPopol Vuh,207Sea.Worshipped by the Peruvians as Mama-cocha,306Seler, Dr.On Quetzalcoatl,80–81;on Xolotl,93–94;and the Maya writing,162,164;on God K,175–176;on God P,177;on Mitla and the origin of the American race,198Serpent.Varied significance of the,72,74,76;association of Huitzilopochtli with,72–73;associated with the bird,73Seven Caverns.Myth of the,123Sierra Nevada(Mountain of Snow). In legend of Quetzalcoatl’s migration,65Sinchi Roca(Wise Chief). The second Inca,283Skinner, J.Account of the discovery of a wooden cross,274–275;onmohanes,297–298;account of the methods of medicine men in Peru,314–315;account of obsequies among a Peruvian tribe,315–317Släalekam.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83Sondor-huasi.An Inca building bearing a thatched roof,269Soto, Hernando de.Mentioned,7Squier, E. G.On the Coricancha,261Stephens, J. L.Legend of the dwarf related by,192–194;story of the unknown city,195Stones, worship of, in Peru,292–293Suarez.Lorillard City discovered by,195Sun.Prophecy as to coming of white men from,7;symbolised as a serpent by Hopi Indians,82;pictured as abode of Quetzalcoatl,82;“father” of Totonacs,82;Quaquiutl myth respecting,83–84;worship of the, in Mexico,97–102;the supreme Mexican deity,97;the heart his special sacrifice,97;blood his especial food,98;destruction of successive suns,98;human sacrifice to, in Mexico,98–100;as god of warriors,99;conception of the warrior’s after-life with,101;the feast of Totec, the chief Mexican festival of,101–102;the supreme Maya deity,171;in Inca creation-myth,258,305;in the mythology of the Chibchas,276;worship of, in Peru,306,307–313;the possessions of, and service rendered to,308–309;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;especially worshipped by the aged,310;the Intip-Raymi festival of,311–312;the Citoc-Raymi festival,312–313;human sacrifice to, in Peru,313Sunrise, Land of.In early American belief,6“Suns,” the Four.In Aztec theology,55Susur-pugaio.A fountain; and the vision of Yupanqui,318

Sacrifice, Human.In connection with Teotleco festival,69;with Toxcatl festival,69–70;with Tlaloc,76–77;displaced by “substitution of part for whole,”85,116;in the Xalaquia festival,87;in connection with Xipe,92;Xolotl the representative of,93;in worship of the planet Venus,96;in sun-worship,98–100,101;the keynote of Nahua mythology,166;among the Maya,166;at Mitla, described by Father Burgoa,202–203;among the Chibchas,276;in Peru,313Sacrificed Princess, the legend of the,123–124Sacsahuaman.Inca fortress; the ruins of,250;built by Pachacutic,287Sahagun, Father Bernardino.His work on Mexican lore,56–57;account of the Teotleco festival,68–69;account of a confession ceremony,106–108Salish Indians,83“Salvador,” The.A curious Inca vase,281San Carlos.The University of, in Guatemala; the lostPopol Vuhfound in,207San Lorenzo.Village; in a myth of Paricaca,327Saramama.Guardian spirit of the maize plant, in Peru,295Schellhas, Dr.And the Maya writing,162;and names of the Maya deities,168Scherzer, Dr. C.Finds the lostPopol Vuh,207Sea.Worshipped by the Peruvians as Mama-cocha,306Seler, Dr.On Quetzalcoatl,80–81;on Xolotl,93–94;and the Maya writing,162,164;on God K,175–176;on God P,177;on Mitla and the origin of the American race,198Serpent.Varied significance of the,72,74,76;association of Huitzilopochtli with,72–73;associated with the bird,73Seven Caverns.Myth of the,123Sierra Nevada(Mountain of Snow). In legend of Quetzalcoatl’s migration,65Sinchi Roca(Wise Chief). The second Inca,283Skinner, J.Account of the discovery of a wooden cross,274–275;onmohanes,297–298;account of the methods of medicine men in Peru,314–315;account of obsequies among a Peruvian tribe,315–317Släalekam.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83Sondor-huasi.An Inca building bearing a thatched roof,269Soto, Hernando de.Mentioned,7Squier, E. G.On the Coricancha,261Stephens, J. L.Legend of the dwarf related by,192–194;story of the unknown city,195Stones, worship of, in Peru,292–293Suarez.Lorillard City discovered by,195Sun.Prophecy as to coming of white men from,7;symbolised as a serpent by Hopi Indians,82;pictured as abode of Quetzalcoatl,82;“father” of Totonacs,82;Quaquiutl myth respecting,83–84;worship of the, in Mexico,97–102;the supreme Mexican deity,97;the heart his special sacrifice,97;blood his especial food,98;destruction of successive suns,98;human sacrifice to, in Mexico,98–100;as god of warriors,99;conception of the warrior’s after-life with,101;the feast of Totec, the chief Mexican festival of,101–102;the supreme Maya deity,171;in Inca creation-myth,258,305;in the mythology of the Chibchas,276;worship of, in Peru,306,307–313;the possessions of, and service rendered to,308–309;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;especially worshipped by the aged,310;the Intip-Raymi festival of,311–312;the Citoc-Raymi festival,312–313;human sacrifice to, in Peru,313Sunrise, Land of.In early American belief,6“Suns,” the Four.In Aztec theology,55Susur-pugaio.A fountain; and the vision of Yupanqui,318

Sacrificed Princess, the legend of the,123–124

Sacsahuaman.Inca fortress; the ruins of,250;built by Pachacutic,287

Sahagun, Father Bernardino.His work on Mexican lore,56–57;account of the Teotleco festival,68–69;account of a confession ceremony,106–108

Salish Indians,83

“Salvador,” The.A curious Inca vase,281

San Carlos.The University of, in Guatemala; the lostPopol Vuhfound in,207

San Lorenzo.Village; in a myth of Paricaca,327

Saramama.Guardian spirit of the maize plant, in Peru,295

Schellhas, Dr.And the Maya writing,162;and names of the Maya deities,168

Scherzer, Dr. C.Finds the lostPopol Vuh,207

Sea.Worshipped by the Peruvians as Mama-cocha,306

Seler, Dr.On Quetzalcoatl,80–81;on Xolotl,93–94;and the Maya writing,162,164;on God K,175–176;on God P,177;on Mitla and the origin of the American race,198

Serpent.Varied significance of the,72,74,76;association of Huitzilopochtli with,72–73;associated with the bird,73

Seven Caverns.Myth of the,123

Sierra Nevada(Mountain of Snow). In legend of Quetzalcoatl’s migration,65

Sinchi Roca(Wise Chief). The second Inca,283

Skinner, J.Account of the discovery of a wooden cross,274–275;onmohanes,297–298;account of the methods of medicine men in Peru,314–315;account of obsequies among a Peruvian tribe,315–317

Släalekam.Sun-god of the Salish Indians,83

Sondor-huasi.An Inca building bearing a thatched roof,269

Soto, Hernando de.Mentioned,7

Squier, E. G.On the Coricancha,261

Stephens, J. L.Legend of the dwarf related by,192–194;story of the unknown city,195

Stones, worship of, in Peru,292–293

Suarez.Lorillard City discovered by,195

Sun.Prophecy as to coming of white men from,7;symbolised as a serpent by Hopi Indians,82;pictured as abode of Quetzalcoatl,82;“father” of Totonacs,82;Quaquiutl myth respecting,83–84;worship of the, in Mexico,97–102;the supreme Mexican deity,97;the heart his special sacrifice,97;blood his especial food,98;destruction of successive suns,98;human sacrifice to, in Mexico,98–100;as god of warriors,99;conception of the warrior’s after-life with,101;the feast of Totec, the chief Mexican festival of,101–102;the supreme Maya deity,171;in Inca creation-myth,258,305;in the mythology of the Chibchas,276;worship of, in Peru,306,307–313;the possessions of, and service rendered to,308–309;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;especially worshipped by the aged,310;the Intip-Raymi festival of,311–312;the Citoc-Raymi festival,312–313;human sacrifice to, in Peru,313

Sunrise, Land of.In early American belief,6

“Suns,” the Four.In Aztec theology,55

Susur-pugaio.A fountain; and the vision of Yupanqui,318

TTabasco.Same as Tlapallan,which see“Tablet of the Cross,”161,185–186Tancah.Maya city,8Tapac-yauri.The royal sceptre of the Incas,321Tarahumare.Mexican tribe; and cliff-dwellings,25Tarma.Place in Peru; Huanca defeated at,285Tarpuntaita-cuma.Incas who conducted sacrifice,311Tata(Our Father). A name of the Mexican fire-god,95Tayasal.Maya city,196Teatlahuiani.Apulque-god,104Tecpanecs.Confederacy of Nahua tribes,26,50;significance of the name,26,50;rivals of the Chichimecs,27;of Huexotzinco, defeated by Tlascaltecs,49;Aztecs allies of,51;growth of their empire,51;conquer Tezcuco and Chichimecs,51Tecumbalam.Bird in the Kiche story of the creation,209Telpochtli(The Youthful Warrior). A name of Tezcatlipoca,66Temacpalco.Place mentioned in the myth of Quetzalcoatl’s journey to Tlapallan,65Temalacatl.The Mexican gladiatorial stone of combat,100Temple of the Cross No. I, The, at Palenque,185,186;No. II,186Temple of Inscriptions, The, at Palenque,185Temple of the Sun, The.I. At Palenque,185.II. At Tikal,196Tenayucan.Chichimec city,26Tenochtitlan.Same as Mexico,which seeTeo-Amoxtli(Divine Book). A Nahua native chronicle,45–46Teocalli.The Mexican temple,30Teocuinani.Mountain; sacred to Tlaloc,77Teohuatzin.High-priest of Huitzilopochtli,75Teotihuacan.Sacred city of the Toltecs,18,47;the fiend at the convention at,18;the Mecca of the Nahua races,32;architectural remains at,32,33;rebuilt by Xolotl, Chichimec king,33;Charnay’s excavations at,33Teotleco(Coming of the Gods). Mexican festival,68–69Teoyaominqui.Name given to the image of Chicomecohuatl by early investigators,88;Payne on the error,88–90Tepeolotlec.A distortion of the name of Tepeyollotl,102Tepeyollotl(Heart of the Mountain). A god of desert places,102–103;called Tepeolotlec,102Tepoxtecatl.Thepulque-god of Tepoztlan,105,117Tepoztlan.Mexican city,105Tequechmecauiani.Apulque-god,104Tequiua.Disguise of Tezcatlipoca,63Ternaux-Compans, H.Cited,4Teteoinnan(Mother of the Gods). Mexican maize-goddess, known also as Tocitzin, and identical with Centeotl the mother,85,90Tezcatlipoca(Fiery Mirror). Same as Titlacahuan and Tlamatzincatl. The Mexican god of the air, the Jupiter of the Nahua pantheon,37,59,67;tribal god of the Tezcucans,59;development of the conception,59–60;in legends of the overthrow of Tollan,60;adversary of Quetzalcoatl,60,79;plots against Quetzalcoatl, and overcomes him,60–61;as Toueyo, and the daughter of Uemac,61–62;and the dance at the feast in Tollan,63;as Tequiua, and the garden of Xochitla,63;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64;as Nezahualpilli,66;as Yaotzin,66;asTelpochtli,66;as usually depicted,66;Aztec conception of, as wind-god,66;as Yoalli Ehecatl,66;extent and development of the cult of,67–68;as Moneneque,67;and the Teotleco festival,68–69;the Toxcatl festival of,69–70,74;in the character of Tlazolteotl,107,108Tezcotzinco.The villa of Nezahualcoyotl,133–136Tezcuco.I. Chichimec city,26,47;rivalry with Azcapozalco,49;its hegemony,49;conquered by Tecpanecs,51;allied with Aztecs,52;Tezcatlipoca the tribal god,59;the story of Nezahualcoyotl, the prince of,125–128.II. Lake,26;in legend of the foundation of Mexico,28;the cities upon,47,49–50Tezozomoc, F. de A.On Mexican mythology,58Theozapotlan.Mexican city,203Thlingit.Indian tribe,83Thomas, Professor C.Research on Maya writing,162;on God L,176Thomas, St.The Apostle; Cortés believed to be,7;associated with the Maya cross,187,275;and the wooden cross found in the valley of the Chichas,274Thonapa.Son of the creator in Peruvian myth; in connection with stone-worship,293;myths of,319–320Thunder-god, Peruvian,299–302Tiahuanaco.Prehistoric city of the Andeans,249–250;the great doorway at,249;in a legend of Manco Ccapac,256;in Inca creation-myth,258;and legend of Thonapa the Civiliser,293Tiçotzicatzin.In the story of Princess Papan,140Tikal.Maya city; architectural remains at,196Titicaca.I. Lake,249;settlements of the Quichua-Aymara on the shores of,254;Manco Ccapac and Mama Oullo Huaca descend to earth near,256;regarded by Peruvians as place where men and animals were created,298;called Mamacota by people of the Collao,298;idols connected with,298–299.II. Island on Lake Titicaca;the most sacred of the Peruvian shrines,270;ruined palace on,270;sacred rock on, thepaccariscaof the sun,293,309;sun-worship and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;the Inca Tupac and the Rock,309–310;effect on the island of the Inca worship of the Rock,310;pilgrimage to,310–311;Thonapa on,320Titlacahuan.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which seeTitlacahuan-Tezcatlipoca,123Tiya-manacu.Town in Peru; Thonapa at,320Tlacahuepan.Mexican deity; plots against Quetzalcoatl,60;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64Tlachtli.National ball-game of the Nahua and Maya,33,220,224,227Tlacopan.Mexican city,26,50;Aztecs allied with,52Tlaelquani(Filth-eater). A name of Tlazolteotl,which seeTlalhuicole.Tlascalan warrior; the story of,136–138Tlaloc.The Mexican rain-god,or god of waters,29,75;and the foundation of Mexico,29;in association with Huitzilopochtli,74;as usually represented,75–76;espoused to Chalchihuitlicue,75;Tlalocs his offspring,75;Kiche god Hurakan his prototype,76;manifestations of,76;festivals of,77;human sacrifice in connection with,76–77;and Atamalqualiztli festival,77–78;similarities to, in other mythologies,78Tlalocan(The Country of Tlaloc). Abode of Tlaloc,76Tlalocs.Gods of moisture; and Huemac II,16;offspring of Tlaloc,75Tlalxicco(Navel of the Earth). Name of the abode of Mictlan,95Tlamatzincatl.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which seeTlapallan(The Country of Bright Colours). Legendary region,11;Nahua said to have originated at,11;the Toltecs and,11;Quetzalcoatl proceeds to, from Tollan,64–65,79Tlapallan, Huehue(Very Old Tlapallan). In Toltec creation-myth,119Tlapallantzinco.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12Tlascala(orTlaxcallan). Mexican city,47,48;and the “bloodless battle” with Mexico,48,98,99;decline,49Tlascalans.Mexican race, offshoot of the Acolhuans,26;helped Cortés against Aztecs,26,47Tlauizcalpantecutli(Lord of the Dawn). Name of the planet Venus; myth of Quetzalcoatl and,80,96;Quetzalcoatl called,84;worship of,96;in the Mexican calendar,96Tlaxcallan.Same as Tlascala,which seeTlazolteotl(God of Ordure) (orTlaelquani). Mexican goddess of confession,106–108Tlenamacac(Ordinary Priests). Lesser order of the Mexican priesthood,116Tloque Nahuaque(Lord of All Existence). Toltec deity,119Tobacco.Use of, among the Nahua,45Tochtepec.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12Tocitzin(Our Grandmother).SeeTeteoinnanTohil(The Rumbler). Form of Quetzalcoatl,84;guides the Kiche-Maya to their first city,152;the god assigned to Balam-Quitze in the Kiche myth of the creation,230;gives fire to the Kiche,230–231;turned into stone,231Tollan.Toltec city, modern Tula; founded,13,26;its magnificence,14;afflicted by the gods,16–17;Huehuetzin’s rebellions,18,19;overthrown,19;Charnay’s excavations at,34;Tezcatlipoca and the overthrow of,60;Quetzalcoatl leaves,64,79Tollantzinco.City of the Acolhuans,48;Toltecs at,12Toltecs.First Nahua immigrants to Mexico,11;whether a real or a mythical race,11,20–22;at Tlapallan,11,12;migration route,12;their migration a forced one,12;imaginative quality of their myths,13;elect a king,14;progress in arts and crafts,14,23;under plagues,17;their empire destroyed,19,20;and the civilisation of Central America,20;Dr. Brinton’s theory,21;Quetzalcoatl king of,21;possible influence upon Nahua civilisation,22;Acolhuans may have been,26;Tezcatlipoca opposes, and plots against,60–65;and creation-myth recounted by Ixtlilxochitl,119;theory that the Maya were,143Tonacaciuatl(Lady of our Flesh). A name of Omeciuatl,which seeTonacatecutli(Lord of our Flesh). A name of Ometecutli,which seeTonalamatl(Book of the Calendar),107Torito.A bird-maiden; in the myth of origin of the Canaris,319Torquemada, Father.His work on Mexican lore,57;on Mitla,199Totec(Our Great Chief). A sun-god,101–102;his feast, the chief solar festival,101–102Totemism.Among the primitive Peruvians,291–292Totonacs.Aboriginal Mexican race,23;and the sun,82Toueyo.Tezcatlipoca’s disguise,61–63Toveyo.Toltec sorcerer; and the magic drum,16Toxcatl.Festival; of Tezcatlipoca,69–70;of Huitzilopochtli,74Toxilmolpilia.Mexican calendar ceremony; and the native dread of the last day,41Troano Codex.Maya manuscript,160;Dr. Le Plongeon and the reference to Queen Móo in,246Tucuman(World’s End). Name given by the Quichua-Aymara to their land of origin,254Tulan(orTulan-Zuiva). City; the starting-point of the Kiche migrations,157–158,231;the Kiche arrive at, and receive their gods,230;parallel with the Mexican Chicomoztoc,230;the Kiche confounded in their speech at,231Tumipampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289,290Tupac-atau-huallpa(The Sun makes Good Fortune). Son of Huaina Ccapac,289Tupac-Yupanqui(Bright). Tenth Inca, son of Pachacutic,252–253,287–288;achievements as ruler,287;and the Huarcans,288;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–310Tutul Xius.Ruling caste among the Itzaes; found Ziyan Caan and Chichen-Itza,153;expelled from Chichen-Itza by Cocomes,153;settle in Potonchan, build Uxmal, and regain power,154;again overthrown, and found Mani,155;finally assist in conquering the Cocomes,156Tzitzimimes.Demons attendant on Mictlan,96Tzompantitlan.Place mentioned in the myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71Tzompantli(Pyramid of Skulls). Minor temple of Huitzilopochtli,31Tzununiha(House of the Water). One of the first women of thePopol Vuhmyth,230Tzutuhils.A Maya people of Guatemala,158,159

Tabasco.Same as Tlapallan,which see“Tablet of the Cross,”161,185–186Tancah.Maya city,8Tapac-yauri.The royal sceptre of the Incas,321Tarahumare.Mexican tribe; and cliff-dwellings,25Tarma.Place in Peru; Huanca defeated at,285Tarpuntaita-cuma.Incas who conducted sacrifice,311Tata(Our Father). A name of the Mexican fire-god,95Tayasal.Maya city,196Teatlahuiani.Apulque-god,104Tecpanecs.Confederacy of Nahua tribes,26,50;significance of the name,26,50;rivals of the Chichimecs,27;of Huexotzinco, defeated by Tlascaltecs,49;Aztecs allies of,51;growth of their empire,51;conquer Tezcuco and Chichimecs,51Tecumbalam.Bird in the Kiche story of the creation,209Telpochtli(The Youthful Warrior). A name of Tezcatlipoca,66Temacpalco.Place mentioned in the myth of Quetzalcoatl’s journey to Tlapallan,65Temalacatl.The Mexican gladiatorial stone of combat,100Temple of the Cross No. I, The, at Palenque,185,186;No. II,186Temple of Inscriptions, The, at Palenque,185Temple of the Sun, The.I. At Palenque,185.II. At Tikal,196Tenayucan.Chichimec city,26Tenochtitlan.Same as Mexico,which seeTeo-Amoxtli(Divine Book). A Nahua native chronicle,45–46Teocalli.The Mexican temple,30Teocuinani.Mountain; sacred to Tlaloc,77Teohuatzin.High-priest of Huitzilopochtli,75Teotihuacan.Sacred city of the Toltecs,18,47;the fiend at the convention at,18;the Mecca of the Nahua races,32;architectural remains at,32,33;rebuilt by Xolotl, Chichimec king,33;Charnay’s excavations at,33Teotleco(Coming of the Gods). Mexican festival,68–69Teoyaominqui.Name given to the image of Chicomecohuatl by early investigators,88;Payne on the error,88–90Tepeolotlec.A distortion of the name of Tepeyollotl,102Tepeyollotl(Heart of the Mountain). A god of desert places,102–103;called Tepeolotlec,102Tepoxtecatl.Thepulque-god of Tepoztlan,105,117Tepoztlan.Mexican city,105Tequechmecauiani.Apulque-god,104Tequiua.Disguise of Tezcatlipoca,63Ternaux-Compans, H.Cited,4Teteoinnan(Mother of the Gods). Mexican maize-goddess, known also as Tocitzin, and identical with Centeotl the mother,85,90Tezcatlipoca(Fiery Mirror). Same as Titlacahuan and Tlamatzincatl. The Mexican god of the air, the Jupiter of the Nahua pantheon,37,59,67;tribal god of the Tezcucans,59;development of the conception,59–60;in legends of the overthrow of Tollan,60;adversary of Quetzalcoatl,60,79;plots against Quetzalcoatl, and overcomes him,60–61;as Toueyo, and the daughter of Uemac,61–62;and the dance at the feast in Tollan,63;as Tequiua, and the garden of Xochitla,63;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64;as Nezahualpilli,66;as Yaotzin,66;asTelpochtli,66;as usually depicted,66;Aztec conception of, as wind-god,66;as Yoalli Ehecatl,66;extent and development of the cult of,67–68;as Moneneque,67;and the Teotleco festival,68–69;the Toxcatl festival of,69–70,74;in the character of Tlazolteotl,107,108Tezcotzinco.The villa of Nezahualcoyotl,133–136Tezcuco.I. Chichimec city,26,47;rivalry with Azcapozalco,49;its hegemony,49;conquered by Tecpanecs,51;allied with Aztecs,52;Tezcatlipoca the tribal god,59;the story of Nezahualcoyotl, the prince of,125–128.II. Lake,26;in legend of the foundation of Mexico,28;the cities upon,47,49–50Tezozomoc, F. de A.On Mexican mythology,58Theozapotlan.Mexican city,203Thlingit.Indian tribe,83Thomas, Professor C.Research on Maya writing,162;on God L,176Thomas, St.The Apostle; Cortés believed to be,7;associated with the Maya cross,187,275;and the wooden cross found in the valley of the Chichas,274Thonapa.Son of the creator in Peruvian myth; in connection with stone-worship,293;myths of,319–320Thunder-god, Peruvian,299–302Tiahuanaco.Prehistoric city of the Andeans,249–250;the great doorway at,249;in a legend of Manco Ccapac,256;in Inca creation-myth,258;and legend of Thonapa the Civiliser,293Tiçotzicatzin.In the story of Princess Papan,140Tikal.Maya city; architectural remains at,196Titicaca.I. Lake,249;settlements of the Quichua-Aymara on the shores of,254;Manco Ccapac and Mama Oullo Huaca descend to earth near,256;regarded by Peruvians as place where men and animals were created,298;called Mamacota by people of the Collao,298;idols connected with,298–299.II. Island on Lake Titicaca;the most sacred of the Peruvian shrines,270;ruined palace on,270;sacred rock on, thepaccariscaof the sun,293,309;sun-worship and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;the Inca Tupac and the Rock,309–310;effect on the island of the Inca worship of the Rock,310;pilgrimage to,310–311;Thonapa on,320Titlacahuan.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which seeTitlacahuan-Tezcatlipoca,123Tiya-manacu.Town in Peru; Thonapa at,320Tlacahuepan.Mexican deity; plots against Quetzalcoatl,60;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64Tlachtli.National ball-game of the Nahua and Maya,33,220,224,227Tlacopan.Mexican city,26,50;Aztecs allied with,52Tlaelquani(Filth-eater). A name of Tlazolteotl,which seeTlalhuicole.Tlascalan warrior; the story of,136–138Tlaloc.The Mexican rain-god,or god of waters,29,75;and the foundation of Mexico,29;in association with Huitzilopochtli,74;as usually represented,75–76;espoused to Chalchihuitlicue,75;Tlalocs his offspring,75;Kiche god Hurakan his prototype,76;manifestations of,76;festivals of,77;human sacrifice in connection with,76–77;and Atamalqualiztli festival,77–78;similarities to, in other mythologies,78Tlalocan(The Country of Tlaloc). Abode of Tlaloc,76Tlalocs.Gods of moisture; and Huemac II,16;offspring of Tlaloc,75Tlalxicco(Navel of the Earth). Name of the abode of Mictlan,95Tlamatzincatl.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which seeTlapallan(The Country of Bright Colours). Legendary region,11;Nahua said to have originated at,11;the Toltecs and,11;Quetzalcoatl proceeds to, from Tollan,64–65,79Tlapallan, Huehue(Very Old Tlapallan). In Toltec creation-myth,119Tlapallantzinco.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12Tlascala(orTlaxcallan). Mexican city,47,48;and the “bloodless battle” with Mexico,48,98,99;decline,49Tlascalans.Mexican race, offshoot of the Acolhuans,26;helped Cortés against Aztecs,26,47Tlauizcalpantecutli(Lord of the Dawn). Name of the planet Venus; myth of Quetzalcoatl and,80,96;Quetzalcoatl called,84;worship of,96;in the Mexican calendar,96Tlaxcallan.Same as Tlascala,which seeTlazolteotl(God of Ordure) (orTlaelquani). Mexican goddess of confession,106–108Tlenamacac(Ordinary Priests). Lesser order of the Mexican priesthood,116Tloque Nahuaque(Lord of All Existence). Toltec deity,119Tobacco.Use of, among the Nahua,45Tochtepec.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12Tocitzin(Our Grandmother).SeeTeteoinnanTohil(The Rumbler). Form of Quetzalcoatl,84;guides the Kiche-Maya to their first city,152;the god assigned to Balam-Quitze in the Kiche myth of the creation,230;gives fire to the Kiche,230–231;turned into stone,231Tollan.Toltec city, modern Tula; founded,13,26;its magnificence,14;afflicted by the gods,16–17;Huehuetzin’s rebellions,18,19;overthrown,19;Charnay’s excavations at,34;Tezcatlipoca and the overthrow of,60;Quetzalcoatl leaves,64,79Tollantzinco.City of the Acolhuans,48;Toltecs at,12Toltecs.First Nahua immigrants to Mexico,11;whether a real or a mythical race,11,20–22;at Tlapallan,11,12;migration route,12;their migration a forced one,12;imaginative quality of their myths,13;elect a king,14;progress in arts and crafts,14,23;under plagues,17;their empire destroyed,19,20;and the civilisation of Central America,20;Dr. Brinton’s theory,21;Quetzalcoatl king of,21;possible influence upon Nahua civilisation,22;Acolhuans may have been,26;Tezcatlipoca opposes, and plots against,60–65;and creation-myth recounted by Ixtlilxochitl,119;theory that the Maya were,143Tonacaciuatl(Lady of our Flesh). A name of Omeciuatl,which seeTonacatecutli(Lord of our Flesh). A name of Ometecutli,which seeTonalamatl(Book of the Calendar),107Torito.A bird-maiden; in the myth of origin of the Canaris,319Torquemada, Father.His work on Mexican lore,57;on Mitla,199Totec(Our Great Chief). A sun-god,101–102;his feast, the chief solar festival,101–102Totemism.Among the primitive Peruvians,291–292Totonacs.Aboriginal Mexican race,23;and the sun,82Toueyo.Tezcatlipoca’s disguise,61–63Toveyo.Toltec sorcerer; and the magic drum,16Toxcatl.Festival; of Tezcatlipoca,69–70;of Huitzilopochtli,74Toxilmolpilia.Mexican calendar ceremony; and the native dread of the last day,41Troano Codex.Maya manuscript,160;Dr. Le Plongeon and the reference to Queen Móo in,246Tucuman(World’s End). Name given by the Quichua-Aymara to their land of origin,254Tulan(orTulan-Zuiva). City; the starting-point of the Kiche migrations,157–158,231;the Kiche arrive at, and receive their gods,230;parallel with the Mexican Chicomoztoc,230;the Kiche confounded in their speech at,231Tumipampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289,290Tupac-atau-huallpa(The Sun makes Good Fortune). Son of Huaina Ccapac,289Tupac-Yupanqui(Bright). Tenth Inca, son of Pachacutic,252–253,287–288;achievements as ruler,287;and the Huarcans,288;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–310Tutul Xius.Ruling caste among the Itzaes; found Ziyan Caan and Chichen-Itza,153;expelled from Chichen-Itza by Cocomes,153;settle in Potonchan, build Uxmal, and regain power,154;again overthrown, and found Mani,155;finally assist in conquering the Cocomes,156Tzitzimimes.Demons attendant on Mictlan,96Tzompantitlan.Place mentioned in the myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71Tzompantli(Pyramid of Skulls). Minor temple of Huitzilopochtli,31Tzununiha(House of the Water). One of the first women of thePopol Vuhmyth,230Tzutuhils.A Maya people of Guatemala,158,159

Tabasco.Same as Tlapallan,which see

“Tablet of the Cross,”161,185–186

Tancah.Maya city,8

Tapac-yauri.The royal sceptre of the Incas,321

Tarahumare.Mexican tribe; and cliff-dwellings,25

Tarma.Place in Peru; Huanca defeated at,285

Tarpuntaita-cuma.Incas who conducted sacrifice,311

Tata(Our Father). A name of the Mexican fire-god,95

Tayasal.Maya city,196

Teatlahuiani.Apulque-god,104

Tecpanecs.Confederacy of Nahua tribes,26,50;significance of the name,26,50;rivals of the Chichimecs,27;of Huexotzinco, defeated by Tlascaltecs,49;Aztecs allies of,51;growth of their empire,51;conquer Tezcuco and Chichimecs,51

Tecumbalam.Bird in the Kiche story of the creation,209

Telpochtli(The Youthful Warrior). A name of Tezcatlipoca,66

Temacpalco.Place mentioned in the myth of Quetzalcoatl’s journey to Tlapallan,65

Temalacatl.The Mexican gladiatorial stone of combat,100

Temple of the Cross No. I, The, at Palenque,185,186;No. II,186

Temple of Inscriptions, The, at Palenque,185

Temple of the Sun, The.I. At Palenque,185.II. At Tikal,196

Tenayucan.Chichimec city,26

Tenochtitlan.Same as Mexico,which see

Teo-Amoxtli(Divine Book). A Nahua native chronicle,45–46

Teocalli.The Mexican temple,30

Teocuinani.Mountain; sacred to Tlaloc,77

Teohuatzin.High-priest of Huitzilopochtli,75

Teotihuacan.Sacred city of the Toltecs,18,47;the fiend at the convention at,18;the Mecca of the Nahua races,32;architectural remains at,32,33;rebuilt by Xolotl, Chichimec king,33;Charnay’s excavations at,33

Teotleco(Coming of the Gods). Mexican festival,68–69

Teoyaominqui.Name given to the image of Chicomecohuatl by early investigators,88;Payne on the error,88–90

Tepeolotlec.A distortion of the name of Tepeyollotl,102

Tepeyollotl(Heart of the Mountain). A god of desert places,102–103;called Tepeolotlec,102

Tepoxtecatl.Thepulque-god of Tepoztlan,105,117

Tepoztlan.Mexican city,105

Tequechmecauiani.Apulque-god,104

Tequiua.Disguise of Tezcatlipoca,63

Ternaux-Compans, H.Cited,4

Teteoinnan(Mother of the Gods). Mexican maize-goddess, known also as Tocitzin, and identical with Centeotl the mother,85,90

Tezcatlipoca(Fiery Mirror). Same as Titlacahuan and Tlamatzincatl. The Mexican god of the air, the Jupiter of the Nahua pantheon,37,59,67;tribal god of the Tezcucans,59;development of the conception,59–60;in legends of the overthrow of Tollan,60;adversary of Quetzalcoatl,60,79;plots against Quetzalcoatl, and overcomes him,60–61;as Toueyo, and the daughter of Uemac,61–62;and the dance at the feast in Tollan,63;as Tequiua, and the garden of Xochitla,63;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64;as Nezahualpilli,66;as Yaotzin,66;asTelpochtli,66;as usually depicted,66;Aztec conception of, as wind-god,66;as Yoalli Ehecatl,66;extent and development of the cult of,67–68;as Moneneque,67;and the Teotleco festival,68–69;the Toxcatl festival of,69–70,74;in the character of Tlazolteotl,107,108

Tezcotzinco.The villa of Nezahualcoyotl,133–136

Tezcuco.I. Chichimec city,26,47;rivalry with Azcapozalco,49;its hegemony,49;conquered by Tecpanecs,51;allied with Aztecs,52;Tezcatlipoca the tribal god,59;the story of Nezahualcoyotl, the prince of,125–128.II. Lake,26;in legend of the foundation of Mexico,28;the cities upon,47,49–50

Tezozomoc, F. de A.On Mexican mythology,58

Theozapotlan.Mexican city,203

Thlingit.Indian tribe,83

Thomas, Professor C.Research on Maya writing,162;on God L,176

Thomas, St.The Apostle; Cortés believed to be,7;associated with the Maya cross,187,275;and the wooden cross found in the valley of the Chichas,274

Thonapa.Son of the creator in Peruvian myth; in connection with stone-worship,293;myths of,319–320

Thunder-god, Peruvian,299–302

Tiahuanaco.Prehistoric city of the Andeans,249–250;the great doorway at,249;in a legend of Manco Ccapac,256;in Inca creation-myth,258;and legend of Thonapa the Civiliser,293

Tiçotzicatzin.In the story of Princess Papan,140

Tikal.Maya city; architectural remains at,196

Titicaca.I. Lake,249;settlements of the Quichua-Aymara on the shores of,254;Manco Ccapac and Mama Oullo Huaca descend to earth near,256;regarded by Peruvians as place where men and animals were created,298;called Mamacota by people of the Collao,298;idols connected with,298–299.II. Island on Lake Titicaca;the most sacred of the Peruvian shrines,270;ruined palace on,270;sacred rock on, thepaccariscaof the sun,293,309;sun-worship and the Rock of Titicaca,309–311;the Inca Tupac and the Rock,309–310;effect on the island of the Inca worship of the Rock,310;pilgrimage to,310–311;Thonapa on,320

Titlacahuan.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which see

Titlacahuan-Tezcatlipoca,123

Tiya-manacu.Town in Peru; Thonapa at,320

Tlacahuepan.Mexican deity; plots against Quetzalcoatl,60;and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence,63–64

Tlachtli.National ball-game of the Nahua and Maya,33,220,224,227

Tlacopan.Mexican city,26,50;Aztecs allied with,52

Tlaelquani(Filth-eater). A name of Tlazolteotl,which see

Tlalhuicole.Tlascalan warrior; the story of,136–138

Tlaloc.The Mexican rain-god,or god of waters,29,75;and the foundation of Mexico,29;in association with Huitzilopochtli,74;as usually represented,75–76;espoused to Chalchihuitlicue,75;Tlalocs his offspring,75;Kiche god Hurakan his prototype,76;manifestations of,76;festivals of,77;human sacrifice in connection with,76–77;and Atamalqualiztli festival,77–78;similarities to, in other mythologies,78

Tlalocan(The Country of Tlaloc). Abode of Tlaloc,76

Tlalocs.Gods of moisture; and Huemac II,16;offspring of Tlaloc,75

Tlalxicco(Navel of the Earth). Name of the abode of Mictlan,95

Tlamatzincatl.Same as Tezcatlipoca,which see

Tlapallan(The Country of Bright Colours). Legendary region,11;Nahua said to have originated at,11;the Toltecs and,11;Quetzalcoatl proceeds to, from Tollan,64–65,79

Tlapallan, Huehue(Very Old Tlapallan). In Toltec creation-myth,119

Tlapallantzinco.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12

Tlascala(orTlaxcallan). Mexican city,47,48;and the “bloodless battle” with Mexico,48,98,99;decline,49

Tlascalans.Mexican race, offshoot of the Acolhuans,26;helped Cortés against Aztecs,26,47

Tlauizcalpantecutli(Lord of the Dawn). Name of the planet Venus; myth of Quetzalcoatl and,80,96;Quetzalcoatl called,84;worship of,96;in the Mexican calendar,96

Tlaxcallan.Same as Tlascala,which see

Tlazolteotl(God of Ordure) (orTlaelquani). Mexican goddess of confession,106–108

Tlenamacac(Ordinary Priests). Lesser order of the Mexican priesthood,116

Tloque Nahuaque(Lord of All Existence). Toltec deity,119

Tobacco.Use of, among the Nahua,45

Tochtepec.Place in Mexico; Toltecs at,12

Tocitzin(Our Grandmother).SeeTeteoinnan

Tohil(The Rumbler). Form of Quetzalcoatl,84;guides the Kiche-Maya to their first city,152;the god assigned to Balam-Quitze in the Kiche myth of the creation,230;gives fire to the Kiche,230–231;turned into stone,231

Tollan.Toltec city, modern Tula; founded,13,26;its magnificence,14;afflicted by the gods,16–17;Huehuetzin’s rebellions,18,19;overthrown,19;Charnay’s excavations at,34;Tezcatlipoca and the overthrow of,60;Quetzalcoatl leaves,64,79

Tollantzinco.City of the Acolhuans,48;Toltecs at,12

Toltecs.First Nahua immigrants to Mexico,11;whether a real or a mythical race,11,20–22;at Tlapallan,11,12;migration route,12;their migration a forced one,12;imaginative quality of their myths,13;elect a king,14;progress in arts and crafts,14,23;under plagues,17;their empire destroyed,19,20;and the civilisation of Central America,20;Dr. Brinton’s theory,21;Quetzalcoatl king of,21;possible influence upon Nahua civilisation,22;Acolhuans may have been,26;Tezcatlipoca opposes, and plots against,60–65;and creation-myth recounted by Ixtlilxochitl,119;theory that the Maya were,143

Tonacaciuatl(Lady of our Flesh). A name of Omeciuatl,which see

Tonacatecutli(Lord of our Flesh). A name of Ometecutli,which see

Tonalamatl(Book of the Calendar),107

Torito.A bird-maiden; in the myth of origin of the Canaris,319

Torquemada, Father.His work on Mexican lore,57;on Mitla,199

Totec(Our Great Chief). A sun-god,101–102;his feast, the chief solar festival,101–102

Totemism.Among the primitive Peruvians,291–292

Totonacs.Aboriginal Mexican race,23;and the sun,82

Toueyo.Tezcatlipoca’s disguise,61–63

Toveyo.Toltec sorcerer; and the magic drum,16

Toxcatl.Festival; of Tezcatlipoca,69–70;of Huitzilopochtli,74

Toxilmolpilia.Mexican calendar ceremony; and the native dread of the last day,41

Troano Codex.Maya manuscript,160;Dr. Le Plongeon and the reference to Queen Móo in,246

Tucuman(World’s End). Name given by the Quichua-Aymara to their land of origin,254

Tulan(orTulan-Zuiva). City; the starting-point of the Kiche migrations,157–158,231;the Kiche arrive at, and receive their gods,230;parallel with the Mexican Chicomoztoc,230;the Kiche confounded in their speech at,231

Tumipampa.Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru,286,289,290

Tupac-atau-huallpa(The Sun makes Good Fortune). Son of Huaina Ccapac,289

Tupac-Yupanqui(Bright). Tenth Inca, son of Pachacutic,252–253,287–288;achievements as ruler,287;and the Huarcans,288;and the Rock of Titicaca,309–310

Tutul Xius.Ruling caste among the Itzaes; found Ziyan Caan and Chichen-Itza,153;expelled from Chichen-Itza by Cocomes,153;settle in Potonchan, build Uxmal, and regain power,154;again overthrown, and found Mani,155;finally assist in conquering the Cocomes,156

Tzitzimimes.Demons attendant on Mictlan,96

Tzompantitlan.Place mentioned in the myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin,71

Tzompantli(Pyramid of Skulls). Minor temple of Huitzilopochtli,31

Tzununiha(House of the Water). One of the first women of thePopol Vuhmyth,230

Tzutuhils.A Maya people of Guatemala,158,159

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