BOOK VI.AN ACCOUNT OF COUNTRIES, NATIONS, SEAS, TOWNS, HAVENS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DISTANCES, AND PEOPLES WHO NOW EXIST, OR FORMERLY EXISTED.Chap.Page1.The Euxine and the Maryandini12.Paphlagonia33.Cappadocia64.The region of Themiscyra, and the nations therein85.The region of Colica, the nations of the Achæi, and other nations in the same parts116.The Cimmerian Bosporus137.Lake Mæotis and the adjoining nations148.The situation of Cappadocia169.The Lesser and the Greater Armenia1710.The rivers Cyrus and Araxes1811.Albania, Iberia, and the adjoining nations2012.The passes of the Caucasus2113.The islands of the Euxine2214.Nations in the vicinity of the Scythian Ocean2315.The Caspian and Hyrcanian Sea2416.Adiabene2717.Media and the Caspian Gates2818.Nations situate around the Hyrcanian Sea3019.The nations of Scythia and the countries on the Eastern Ocean3320.The Seres3521.The nations of India3822.The Ganges4323.The Indus4624.Taprobane5125.The Ariani and the adjoining nations5626.Voyages to India6027.Carmania6628.The Persian and the Arabian Gulfsib.29.The Parthian Empire6830.Mesopotamia7031.The Tigris7532.Arabia8233.The Gulfs of the Red Sea9134.Troglodytice9335.Æthiopia9736.Islands of the Æthiopian Sea10537.The Fortunate Islands10738.The comparative distances of places on the face of the earth10839.Division of the earth into parallels and shadows of equal length110BOOK VII.MAN, HIS BIRTH, HIS ORGANIZATION, AND THE INVENTION OF THE ARTS.1.Man1172.The wonderful forms of different nations1223.Marvellous births1354.The generation of man; the unusual duration of pregnancy; instances of it from seven to twelve months1395.Indications of the sex of the child during the pregnancy of the mother1416.Monstrous births1427.Of those who have been cut out of the womb1438.Who were called Vopisci1449.The conception and generation of manib.10.Striking instances of resemblance14511.What men are suited for generation. Instances of very numerous offspring14812.At what age generation ceases15013.Remarkable circumstances connected with the menstrual dischargeib.14.The theory of generation15315.Some account of the teeth, and some facts concerning infantsib.16.Examples of unusual size15517.Children remarkable for their precocity15818.Some remarkable properties of the bodyib.19.Instances of extraordinary strength16020.Instances of remarkable agility16121.Instances of acuteness of sight16222.Instances of remarkable acuteness of hearing16323.Instances of endurance of pain16424.Memoryib.25.Vigour of mind16626.Clemency and greatness of mindib.27.Heroic exploits16728.Union in the same person of three of the highest qualities with the greatest purity16929.Instances of extreme courage17030.Men of remarkable genius17331.Men who have been remarkable for wisdom17432.Precepts the most useful in life17833.Divination17934.The man who was pronounced to be the most excellentib.35.The most chaste matrons18036.Instances of the highest degree of affectionib.37.Names of men who have excelled in the arts, astrology, grammar, and medicine18238.Geometry and architecture18339.Painting; engraving on bronze, marble, and ivory; carving18440.Slaves for which a high price has been given18541.Supreme happiness18642.Rare instances of good fortune continuing in the same family18743.Remarkable example of vicissitudes18944.Remarkable examples of honoursib.45.Ten very fortunate circumstances which have happened to the same person19146.The misfortunes of Augustus19547.Men whom the gods have pronounced to be the most happy19948.The man whom the gods ordered to be worshipped during his life-time; a remarkable flash of lightningib.49.The greatest length of life20050.The variety of destinies at the birth of man20351.Various instances of diseases20652.Death20853.Persons who have come to life again after being laid out for burial21054.Instances of sudden death21355.Burial21756.The Manes, or departed spirits of the soul21857.The inventors of various things21958.The things about which mankind first of all agreed. The ancient letters23659.When barbers were first employedib.60.When the first time-pieces were made237BOOK VIII.THE NATURE OF THE TERRESTRIAL ANIMALS.1.Elephants; their capacity2442.When elephants were first put into harness2453.The docility of the elephant2464.Wonderful things which have been done by the elephant2475.The instinct of wild animals in perceiving danger2486.When elephants were first seen in Italy2517.The combats of elephants2528.The way in which elephants are caught2559.The method by which they are tamed25610.The birth of the elephant, and other particulars respecting it25711.In what countries the elephant is found; the antipathy of the elephant and the dragon25912.The sagacity of these animals26013.Dragons26114.Serpents of remarkable sizeib.15.The animals of Scythia; the bison26216.The animals of the north; the elk, the achlis, and the bonasus26317.Lions; how they are produced26418.The different species of lions26619.The peculiar character of the lion26720.Who it was that first introduced combats of lions at Rome, and who has brought together the greatest number of lions for that purpose26921.Wonderful feats performed by lions27022.A man recognized and saved by a dragon27323.Panthers27424.The decree of the Senate, and laws respecting African animals; who first brought them to Rome, and who brought the greatest number of themib.25.Tigers: when first seen at Rome; their nature27526.Camels; the different kinds27627.The cameleopard; when it was first seen at Rome27728.The chama, and the cepusib.29.The rhinoceros27830.The lynx, the sphinx, the crocotta, and the monkeyib.31.The terrestrial animals of India28032.The animals of Æthiopia; a wild beast which kills with its eye28133.The serpents called basilisks28234.Wolves; the origin of the story of Versipellisib.35.Different kinds of serpents28436.The ichneumon28737.The crocodileib.38.The scincus28839.The hippopotamus29040.Who first exhibited the hippopotamus and the crocodile at Romeib.41.The medicinal remedies which have been borrowed from animals29142.Prognostics of danger derived from animals29443.Nations that have been exterminated by animals29544.The hyæna29645.The crocotta; the mantichoraib.46.Wild asses29747.Beavers; amphibious animals; ottersib.48.Bramble-frogs29849.The sea-calf; beavers; lizardsib.50.Stags29951.The chameleon30252.Other animals which change colour; the tarandus, the lycaon, and the thos30453.The porcupine30554.Bears and their cubsib.55.The mice of Pontus and of the Alps30856.Hedgehogsib.57.The leontophonus, and the lynx31058.Badgers and squirrelsib.59.Vipers and snails31160.Lizards31261.The qualities of the dog; examples of its attachment to its master; nations which have kept dogs for the purposes of warib.62.The generation of the dog31663.Remedies against canine madnessib.64.The nature of the horse31765.The disposition of the horse; remarkable facts concerning chariot horses31966.The generation of the horse32067.Mares impregnated by the wind32268.The ass; its generationib.69.The nature of mules, and of other beasts of burden32470.Oxen; their generation32671.The Egyptian Apis33072.Sheep, and their propagation33173.The different kinds of wool, and their colours33374.Different kinds of cloth33675.The different shapes of sheep; the musmon33876.Goats, and their propagation33977.The hog34278.The wild boar; who was the first to establish parks for wild animals34479.Animals in a half-wild state34680.Apes34781.The different species of hares34882.Animals which are tamed in part only35083.Places in which certain animals are not to be found35284.Animals which injure strangers only, as also animals which injure the natives of the country only, and where they are found353BOOK IX.THE NATURAL HISTORY OF FISHES.1.Why the largest animals are found in the sea3582.The sea monsters of the Indian Ocean3593.The largest animals that are found in each ocean3614.The forms of the Tritons and Nereids. The forms of sea-elephants3625.The balæna and the orca3656.Whether fishes respire, and whether they sleep3677.Dolphins3698.Human beings who have been beloved by dolphins3719.Places where dolphins help men to fish37410.Other wonderful things relating to dolphins37611.The tursio37712.Turtles; the various kinds of turtles, and how they are caughtib.13.Who first invented the art of cutting tortoise-shell37914.Distribution of aquatic animals into various speciesib.15.Those which are covered with hair, or have none, and how they bring forth. Sea-calves, or phocæ38016.How many kinds of fish there are38117.Which of the fishes are of the largest size38218.Tunnies, cordyla, and pelamides, and the various parts of them that are salted. Melandrya, apolecti, and cybia38519.The aurias and the scomber38620.Fishes which are never found in the Euxine; those which enter it and return38721.Why fishes leap above the surface of the water39022.That auguries are derived from fishes39123.What kinds of fishes have no malesib.24.Fishes which have a stone in the head; those which keep themselves concealed during winter; and those which are not taken in winter, except upon stated days39225.Fishes which conceal themselves during the summer; those which are influenced by the stars39626.The mullet39727.The acipenser39828.The lupus, the asellus39929.The scarus, the mustela40030.The various kinds of mullets, and the sargus that attends them40131.Enormous prices of some fish40332.That the same kinds are not everywhere equally esteemed40433.Gills and scales40534.Fishes which have a voice.—Fishes without gills40635.Fishes which come on land; the proper time for catching fishib.36.Classification of fishes, according to the shape of the body40737.The fins of fish, and their mode of swimming40838.Eels40939.The murenaib.40.Various kinds of flat fish41141.The echeneis, and its uses in enchantments41242.Fishes which change their colour41443.Fishes which fly above the water—the sea-swallow—the fish that shines in the night—the horned fish—the sea-dragon41544.Fishes which have no blood.—Fishes known as soft fish41645.The sæpia, the loligo, the scallop41746.The polypusib.47.The nautilus, or sailing polypus41948.The various kinds of polypi; their shrewdnessib.49.The sailing nauplius42250.Sea-animals which are enclosed with a crust; the cray-fish42351.The various kinds of crabs; the pinnotheres, the sea urchin, cockles, and scallops42452.Various kinds of shell-fish42853.What numerous appliances of luxury are found in the sea42954.Pearls; how they are produced, and where43055.How pearls are found43356.The various kinds of pearls43457.Remarkable facts connected with pearls—their nature43658.Instances of the use of pearls43759.How pearls first came into use at Rome44060.The nature of the murex and the purple44161.The different kinds of purples44362.How wools are dyed with the juices of the purple44563.When purple was first used at Rome; when the laticlave vestment and the prætexta were first worn44764.Fabrics called conchyliated44865.The amethyst, the Tyrian, the hysginian, and the crimson tints44966.The pinna, and the pinnotheres45067.The sensitiveness of water-animals; the torpedo, the pastinaca, the scolopendra, the glanis, and the ram-fish45168.Bodies which have a third nature, that of the animal and vegetable combined—the sea-nettle45369.Sponges; the various kinds of them, and where they are produced: proofs that they are gifted with life by nature45470.Dog-fish45671.Fishes which are enclosed in a stony shell—sea-animals which have no sensation—other animals which live in the mud45872.Venomous sea-animals45973.The maladies of fishes46074.The generation of fishes46175.Fishes which are both oviparous and viviparous46576.Fishes the belly of which opens in spawning, and then closes again46677.Fishes which have a womb; those which impregnate themselvesib.78.The longest lives known amongst fishes46779.The first person that formed artificial oyster-bedsib.80.Who was the first inventor of preserves for other fish46981.Who invented preserves for murenæib.82.Who invented preserves for sea-snails47083.Land-fishes47184.The mice of the Nile47285.How the fish called the anthias is taken47386.Sea-stars47487.The marvellous properties of the dactylus47588.The antipathies and sympathies that exist between aquatic animalsib.BOOK X.THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BIRDS.1.The ostrich4782.The phœnix4793.The different kinds of eagles4814.The natural characteristics of the eagle4845.When the eagle was first used as the standard of the Roman legions4856.An eagle which precipitated itself on the funeral pile of a girl4867.The vultureib.8.The birds called sangualis and immusulus4879.Hawks. The buteoib.10.In what places hawks and men pursue the chase in company with each other48811.The only bird that is killed by those of its own kind.—A bird that lays only one egg48912.The kite49013.The classification of birdsib.14.Crows. Birds of ill omen. At what seasons they are not inauspiciousib.15.The raven49116.The horned owl49217.Birds, the race of which is extinct, or of which all knowledge has been lostib.18.Birds which are born with the tail first49319.The owlet49420.The wood-pecker of Marsib.21.Birds which have hooked talons49522.The peacockib.23.Who was the first to kill the peacock for food. Who first taught the art of cramming them49624.The dunghill cockib.25.How cocks are castrated. A cock that once spoke49826.The gooseib.27.Who first taught us to use the liver of the goose for food49928.The Commagenian medicament50029.The chenalopex, the cheneros, the tetrao, and the otisib.30.Cranes50131.Storks50232.Swansib.33.Foreign birds which visit us; the quail, the glottis, the cychramus, and the otus50334.Swallows50535.Birds which take their departure from us, and whither they go; the thrush, the blackbird, and the starling—birds which lose their feathers during their retirement—the turtle-dove and the ring-dove—the flight of starlings and swallowsib.36.Birds which remain with us throughout the year; birds which remain with us only six or three months; whitwalls and hoopoes50637.The Memnonidesib.38.The Meleagrides50739.The Seleucidesib.40.The ibisib.41.Places in which certain birds are never foundib.42.The various kinds of birds which afford omens by their note. Birds which change their colour and their voice50943.The nightingaleib.44.The melancoryphus, the erithacus, and the phœnicurus51145.The œnanthe, the chlorion, the blackbird, and the ibisib.46.The times of incubation of birds51247.The halcyones: the halcyon days that are favourable to navigationib.48.Other kinds of aquatic birds51349.The instinctive cleverness displayed by birds in the construction of their nests. The wonderful works of the swallow. The bank-swallowib.50.The acanthyllis and other birds51551.The merops—partridges51652.Pigeons51753.Wonderful things done by them; prices at which they have been sold51954.Different modes of flight and progression in birds52055.The birds called apodes or cypseli52156.Respecting the food of birds—the caprimulgus, the plateaib.57.The instincts of birds—the carduelis, the taurus, the anthus52258.Birds which speak—the parrotib.59.The pie which feeds on acorns52360.A sedition that arose among the Roman people, in consequence of a raven speaking52461.The birds of Diomedes52662.Animals that can learn nothingib.63.The mode of drinking with birds. The porphyrio52764.The hæmatopousib.65.The food of birdsib.66.The pelicanib.67.Foreign birds: the phalerides, the pheasant, and the numidicæ52868.The phœnicopterus, the attagen, the phalacrocorax, the pyrrhocorax, and the lagopusib.69.The new birds. The vipio52970.Fabulous birds53071.Who first invented the art of cramming poultry: why the first Censors forbade this practice53172.Who first invented aviaries. The dish of Æsopusib.73.The generation of birds: other oviparous animals53274.The various kinds of eggs, and their natureib.75.Defects in brood-hens, and their remedies53576.An augury derived from eggs by an empressib.77.The best kinds of fowls53678.The diseases of fowls, and their remedies53779.When birds lay, and how many eggs. The various kinds of heronsib.80.What eggs are called hypenemia, and what cynosura. How eggs are best kept53981.The only winged animal that is viviparous, and nurtures its young with its milk54082.Terrestrial animals that are oviparous. Various kinds of serpentsib.83.Generation of all kinds of terrestrial animalsib.84.The position of animals in the uterus54485.Animals whose origin is still unknownib.86.Salamanders54587.Animals which are born of beings that have not been born themselves—animals which are born themselves, but are not reproductive—animals which are of neither sex54688.The senses of animals—that all have the senses of touch and taste—those which are more remarkable for their sight, smell, or hearing—moles—whether oysters have the sense of hearingib.89.Which fishes have the best hearing54790.Which fishes have the finest sense of smell.ib.91.Diversities in the feeding of animals54892.Animals which live on poisonsib.93.Animals which live on earth—animals which will not die of hunger or thirst54994.Diversities in the drinking of animals55095.Antipathies of animals. Proofs that they are sensible of friendship and other affectionsib.96.Instances of affection shown by serpents55297.The sleep of animalsib.98.What animals are subject to dreams553
The Euxine and the Maryandini
Paphlagonia
Cappadocia
The region of Themiscyra, and the nations therein
The region of Colica, the nations of the Achæi, and other nations in the same parts
The Cimmerian Bosporus
Lake Mæotis and the adjoining nations
The situation of Cappadocia
The Lesser and the Greater Armenia
The rivers Cyrus and Araxes
Albania, Iberia, and the adjoining nations
The passes of the Caucasus
The islands of the Euxine
Nations in the vicinity of the Scythian Ocean
The Caspian and Hyrcanian Sea
Adiabene
Media and the Caspian Gates
Nations situate around the Hyrcanian Sea
The nations of Scythia and the countries on the Eastern Ocean
The Seres
The nations of India
The Ganges
The Indus
Taprobane
The Ariani and the adjoining nations
Voyages to India
Carmania
The Persian and the Arabian Gulfs
The Parthian Empire
Mesopotamia
The Tigris
Arabia
The Gulfs of the Red Sea
Troglodytice
Æthiopia
Islands of the Æthiopian Sea
The Fortunate Islands
The comparative distances of places on the face of the earth
Division of the earth into parallels and shadows of equal length
Man
The wonderful forms of different nations
Marvellous births
The generation of man; the unusual duration of pregnancy; instances of it from seven to twelve months
Indications of the sex of the child during the pregnancy of the mother
Monstrous births
Of those who have been cut out of the womb
Who were called Vopisci
The conception and generation of man
Striking instances of resemblance
What men are suited for generation. Instances of very numerous offspring
At what age generation ceases
Remarkable circumstances connected with the menstrual discharge
The theory of generation
Some account of the teeth, and some facts concerning infants
Examples of unusual size
Children remarkable for their precocity
Some remarkable properties of the body
Instances of extraordinary strength
Instances of remarkable agility
Instances of acuteness of sight
Instances of remarkable acuteness of hearing
Instances of endurance of pain
Memory
Vigour of mind
Clemency and greatness of mind
Heroic exploits
Union in the same person of three of the highest qualities with the greatest purity
Instances of extreme courage
Men of remarkable genius
Men who have been remarkable for wisdom
Precepts the most useful in life
Divination
The man who was pronounced to be the most excellent
The most chaste matrons
Instances of the highest degree of affection
Names of men who have excelled in the arts, astrology, grammar, and medicine
Geometry and architecture
Painting; engraving on bronze, marble, and ivory; carving
Slaves for which a high price has been given
Supreme happiness
Rare instances of good fortune continuing in the same family
Remarkable example of vicissitudes
Remarkable examples of honours
Ten very fortunate circumstances which have happened to the same person
The misfortunes of Augustus
Men whom the gods have pronounced to be the most happy
The man whom the gods ordered to be worshipped during his life-time; a remarkable flash of lightning
The greatest length of life
The variety of destinies at the birth of man
Various instances of diseases
Death
Persons who have come to life again after being laid out for burial
Instances of sudden death
Burial
The Manes, or departed spirits of the soul
The inventors of various things
The things about which mankind first of all agreed. The ancient letters
When barbers were first employed
When the first time-pieces were made
Elephants; their capacity
When elephants were first put into harness
The docility of the elephant
Wonderful things which have been done by the elephant
The instinct of wild animals in perceiving danger
When elephants were first seen in Italy
The combats of elephants
The way in which elephants are caught
The method by which they are tamed
The birth of the elephant, and other particulars respecting it
In what countries the elephant is found; the antipathy of the elephant and the dragon
The sagacity of these animals
Dragons
Serpents of remarkable size
The animals of Scythia; the bison
The animals of the north; the elk, the achlis, and the bonasus
Lions; how they are produced
The different species of lions
The peculiar character of the lion
Who it was that first introduced combats of lions at Rome, and who has brought together the greatest number of lions for that purpose
Wonderful feats performed by lions
A man recognized and saved by a dragon
Panthers
The decree of the Senate, and laws respecting African animals; who first brought them to Rome, and who brought the greatest number of them
Tigers: when first seen at Rome; their nature
Camels; the different kinds
The cameleopard; when it was first seen at Rome
The chama, and the cepus
The rhinoceros
The lynx, the sphinx, the crocotta, and the monkey
The terrestrial animals of India
The animals of Æthiopia; a wild beast which kills with its eye
The serpents called basilisks
Wolves; the origin of the story of Versipellis
Different kinds of serpents
The ichneumon
The crocodile
The scincus
The hippopotamus
Who first exhibited the hippopotamus and the crocodile at Rome
The medicinal remedies which have been borrowed from animals
Prognostics of danger derived from animals
Nations that have been exterminated by animals
The hyæna
The crocotta; the mantichora
Wild asses
Beavers; amphibious animals; otters
Bramble-frogs
The sea-calf; beavers; lizards
Stags
The chameleon
Other animals which change colour; the tarandus, the lycaon, and the thos
The porcupine
Bears and their cubs
The mice of Pontus and of the Alps
Hedgehogs
The leontophonus, and the lynx
Badgers and squirrels
Vipers and snails
Lizards
The qualities of the dog; examples of its attachment to its master; nations which have kept dogs for the purposes of war
The generation of the dog
Remedies against canine madness
The nature of the horse
The disposition of the horse; remarkable facts concerning chariot horses
The generation of the horse
Mares impregnated by the wind
The ass; its generation
The nature of mules, and of other beasts of burden
Oxen; their generation
The Egyptian Apis
Sheep, and their propagation
The different kinds of wool, and their colours
Different kinds of cloth
The different shapes of sheep; the musmon
Goats, and their propagation
The hog
The wild boar; who was the first to establish parks for wild animals
Animals in a half-wild state
Apes
The different species of hares
Animals which are tamed in part only
Places in which certain animals are not to be found
Animals which injure strangers only, as also animals which injure the natives of the country only, and where they are found
Why the largest animals are found in the sea
The sea monsters of the Indian Ocean
The largest animals that are found in each ocean
The forms of the Tritons and Nereids. The forms of sea-elephants
The balæna and the orca
Whether fishes respire, and whether they sleep
Dolphins
Human beings who have been beloved by dolphins
Places where dolphins help men to fish
Other wonderful things relating to dolphins
The tursio
Turtles; the various kinds of turtles, and how they are caught
Who first invented the art of cutting tortoise-shell
Distribution of aquatic animals into various species
Those which are covered with hair, or have none, and how they bring forth. Sea-calves, or phocæ
How many kinds of fish there are
Which of the fishes are of the largest size
Tunnies, cordyla, and pelamides, and the various parts of them that are salted. Melandrya, apolecti, and cybia
The aurias and the scomber
Fishes which are never found in the Euxine; those which enter it and return
Why fishes leap above the surface of the water
That auguries are derived from fishes
What kinds of fishes have no males
Fishes which have a stone in the head; those which keep themselves concealed during winter; and those which are not taken in winter, except upon stated days
Fishes which conceal themselves during the summer; those which are influenced by the stars
The mullet
The acipenser
The lupus, the asellus
The scarus, the mustela
The various kinds of mullets, and the sargus that attends them
Enormous prices of some fish
That the same kinds are not everywhere equally esteemed
Gills and scales
Fishes which have a voice.—Fishes without gills
Fishes which come on land; the proper time for catching fish
Classification of fishes, according to the shape of the body
The fins of fish, and their mode of swimming
Eels
The murena
Various kinds of flat fish
The echeneis, and its uses in enchantments
Fishes which change their colour
Fishes which fly above the water—the sea-swallow—the fish that shines in the night—the horned fish—the sea-dragon
Fishes which have no blood.—Fishes known as soft fish
The sæpia, the loligo, the scallop
The polypus
The nautilus, or sailing polypus
The various kinds of polypi; their shrewdness
The sailing nauplius
Sea-animals which are enclosed with a crust; the cray-fish
The various kinds of crabs; the pinnotheres, the sea urchin, cockles, and scallops
Various kinds of shell-fish
What numerous appliances of luxury are found in the sea
Pearls; how they are produced, and where
How pearls are found
The various kinds of pearls
Remarkable facts connected with pearls—their nature
Instances of the use of pearls
How pearls first came into use at Rome
The nature of the murex and the purple
The different kinds of purples
How wools are dyed with the juices of the purple
When purple was first used at Rome; when the laticlave vestment and the prætexta were first worn
Fabrics called conchyliated
The amethyst, the Tyrian, the hysginian, and the crimson tints
The pinna, and the pinnotheres
The sensitiveness of water-animals; the torpedo, the pastinaca, the scolopendra, the glanis, and the ram-fish
Bodies which have a third nature, that of the animal and vegetable combined—the sea-nettle
Sponges; the various kinds of them, and where they are produced: proofs that they are gifted with life by nature
Dog-fish
Fishes which are enclosed in a stony shell—sea-animals which have no sensation—other animals which live in the mud
Venomous sea-animals
The maladies of fishes
The generation of fishes
Fishes which are both oviparous and viviparous
Fishes the belly of which opens in spawning, and then closes again
Fishes which have a womb; those which impregnate themselves
The longest lives known amongst fishes
The first person that formed artificial oyster-beds
Who was the first inventor of preserves for other fish
Who invented preserves for murenæ
Who invented preserves for sea-snails
Land-fishes
The mice of the Nile
How the fish called the anthias is taken
Sea-stars
The marvellous properties of the dactylus
The antipathies and sympathies that exist between aquatic animals
The ostrich
The phœnix
The different kinds of eagles
The natural characteristics of the eagle
When the eagle was first used as the standard of the Roman legions
An eagle which precipitated itself on the funeral pile of a girl
The vulture
The birds called sangualis and immusulus
Hawks. The buteo
In what places hawks and men pursue the chase in company with each other
The only bird that is killed by those of its own kind.—A bird that lays only one egg
The kite
The classification of birds
Crows. Birds of ill omen. At what seasons they are not inauspicious
The raven
The horned owl
Birds, the race of which is extinct, or of which all knowledge has been lost
Birds which are born with the tail first
The owlet
The wood-pecker of Mars
Birds which have hooked talons
The peacock
Who was the first to kill the peacock for food. Who first taught the art of cramming them
The dunghill cock
How cocks are castrated. A cock that once spoke
The goose
Who first taught us to use the liver of the goose for food
The Commagenian medicament
The chenalopex, the cheneros, the tetrao, and the otis
Cranes
Storks
Swans
Foreign birds which visit us; the quail, the glottis, the cychramus, and the otus
Swallows
Birds which take their departure from us, and whither they go; the thrush, the blackbird, and the starling—birds which lose their feathers during their retirement—the turtle-dove and the ring-dove—the flight of starlings and swallows
Birds which remain with us throughout the year; birds which remain with us only six or three months; whitwalls and hoopoes
The Memnonides
The Meleagrides
The Seleucides
The ibis
Places in which certain birds are never found
The various kinds of birds which afford omens by their note. Birds which change their colour and their voice
The nightingale
The melancoryphus, the erithacus, and the phœnicurus
The œnanthe, the chlorion, the blackbird, and the ibis
The times of incubation of birds
The halcyones: the halcyon days that are favourable to navigation
Other kinds of aquatic birds
The instinctive cleverness displayed by birds in the construction of their nests. The wonderful works of the swallow. The bank-swallow
The acanthyllis and other birds
The merops—partridges
Pigeons
Wonderful things done by them; prices at which they have been sold
Different modes of flight and progression in birds
The birds called apodes or cypseli
Respecting the food of birds—the caprimulgus, the platea
The instincts of birds—the carduelis, the taurus, the anthus
Birds which speak—the parrot
The pie which feeds on acorns
A sedition that arose among the Roman people, in consequence of a raven speaking
The birds of Diomedes
Animals that can learn nothing
The mode of drinking with birds. The porphyrio
The hæmatopous
The food of birds
The pelican
Foreign birds: the phalerides, the pheasant, and the numidicæ
The phœnicopterus, the attagen, the phalacrocorax, the pyrrhocorax, and the lagopus
The new birds. The vipio
Fabulous birds
Who first invented the art of cramming poultry: why the first Censors forbade this practice
Who first invented aviaries. The dish of Æsopus
The generation of birds: other oviparous animals
The various kinds of eggs, and their nature
Defects in brood-hens, and their remedies
An augury derived from eggs by an empress
The best kinds of fowls
The diseases of fowls, and their remedies
When birds lay, and how many eggs. The various kinds of herons
What eggs are called hypenemia, and what cynosura. How eggs are best kept
The only winged animal that is viviparous, and nurtures its young with its milk
Terrestrial animals that are oviparous. Various kinds of serpents
Generation of all kinds of terrestrial animals
The position of animals in the uterus
Animals whose origin is still unknown
Salamanders
Animals which are born of beings that have not been born themselves—animals which are born themselves, but are not reproductive—animals which are of neither sex
The senses of animals—that all have the senses of touch and taste—those which are more remarkable for their sight, smell, or hearing—moles—whether oysters have the sense of hearing
Which fishes have the best hearing
Which fishes have the finest sense of smell.
Diversities in the feeding of animals
Animals which live on poisons
Animals which live on earth—animals which will not die of hunger or thirst
Diversities in the drinking of animals
Antipathies of animals. Proofs that they are sensible of friendship and other affections
Instances of affection shown by serpents
The sleep of animals
What animals are subject to dreams