Chapter 3

BOOK XXXII.REMEDIES DERIVED FROM AQUATIC ANIMALS.Chap.Page1.The power of Nature as manifested in antipathies. The echeneïs: two remedies12.The torpedo: nine remedies43.The sea-hare: five remediesib.4.Marvels of the Red Sea55.The instincts of fishes66.Marvellous properties belonging to certain fishes87.Places where fish eat from the handib.8.Places where fish recognize the human voice. Oracular responses given by fishib.9.Places where bitter fish are found, salt, or sweet910.When sea-fish were first eaten by the people of Rome. The ordinance of King Numa as to fish1011.Coral: forty-three remedies and observationsib.12.The antipathies and sympathies which exist between certain objects. The hatreds manifested by certain aquatic animals. The pastinaca: eight remedies. The galeos: fifteen remedies. The sur-mullet: fifteen remedies1213.Amphibious animals. Castoreum: sixty-six remedies and observations1314.The tortoise: sixty-six remedies and observations1515.Remedies derived from the aquatic animals, classified according to the respective diseases1816.Remedies for poisons, and for noxious spells. The dorade: four remedies. The sea-star: seven remedies1917.Remedies for the stings of serpents, for the bites of dogs, and for injuries indicted by venomous animals. The sea-dragon: three remedies. Twenty-five remedies derived from salted fish. The sarda: one remedy. Eleven remedies derived from cybium2018.The sea-frog: six remedies. The river-frog: fifty-two remedies. The bramble-frog: one remedy. Thirty-two observations on these animals2119.The enhydris: six remedies. The river-crab: fourteen remedies. The sea-crab: seven remedies. The river-snail: seven remedies. The coracinus: four remedies. The sea-pig: two remedies2320.The sea-calf: ten remedies. The muræna: one remedy. The hippocampus: nine remedies. The sea-urchin: eleven remedies2421.The various kinds of oysters: fifty-eight remedies and observations. Purples: nine remedies2522.Sea-weed: two remedies2823.Remedies for alopecy, change of colour in the hair, and ulcerations of the head. The sea-mouse: two remedies. The sea-scorpion: twelve remedies. The leech: seven remedies. The murex: thirteen remedies. The conchylium: five remedies2924.Remedies for diseases of the eyes and eyelids. Two remedies derived from the fat of fishes. The callionymus: three remedies. The gall of the coracinus: one remedy. The sæpia: twenty-four remedies. Ichthyocolla: five remediesib.25.Remedies for diseases of the ears. The batia: one remedy. The bacchus or myxon: two remedies. The sea-louse: two remedies3326.Remedies for tooth-ache. The dog-fish: four remedies. Whale’s flesh3427.Remedies for lichens, and for spots upon the face. The dolphin: nine remedies. Coluthia or coryphia: three remedies. Halcyoneum: seven remedies. The tunny: five remedies3528.Remedies for scrofula, imposthumes of the parotid glands, quinzy, and diseases of the fauces. The mæna; thirteen remedies. The sea-scolopendra: two remedies. The saurus: one remedy. Shell-fish: one remedy. The silurus: fifteen remedies3729.Remedies for cough and diseases of the chest3830.Remedies for pains in the liver and side. The elongated conch: six remedies. The tethea: five remedies3931.Remedies for diseases of the bowels. Sea-wort: one remedy The myax: twenty-five remedies. The mitulus: eight remedies. Pelorides: one remedy. Seriphum: two remedies. The erythinus: two remediesib.32.Remedies for diseases of the spleen, for urinary calculi, and for affections of the bladder. The sole: one remedy. The turbot: one remedy. The blendius: one remedy. The sea-nettle; seven remedies. The pulmo marinus: six remedies. Onyches: four remedies4233.Remedies for intestinal hernia, and for diseases of the rectum. The water-snake: one remedy. The hydrus: one remedy.The mullet: one remedy. The pelamis: three remedies4434.Remedies for inflamed tumours, and for diseases of the generative organs. The sciæna: one remedy. The perch: four remedies. The squatina: three remedies. The smaris: three remediesib.35.Remedies for incontinence of urine. The ophidion: one remedy4636.Remedies for gout, and for pains in the feet. The beaver: four remedies. Bryon: one remedyib.37.Remedies for epilepsy4738.Remedies for fevers. The fish called asellus: one remedy. The phagrus: one remedyib.39.Remedies for lethargy, cachexy, and dropsy4940.Remedies for burns and for erysipelasib.41.Remedies for diseases of the sinews5042.Methods of arresting hæmorrhage and of letting blood. The polyp: one remedyib.43.Methods of extracting foreign bodies from the flesh5144.Remedies for ulcers, carcinomata, and carbuncle5245.Remedies for warts, and for malformed nails. The glanis: one remedy5346.Remedies for female diseases. The glauciscus: one remedyib.47.Methods of removing superfluous hair. Depilatories5548.Remedies for the diseases of infants5649.Methods of preventing intoxication. The fish called rubellio: one remedy. The eel: one remedy. The grape-fish: one remedy5750.Antaphrodisiacs and aphrodisiacs. The hippopotamus: one remedy. The crocodile: one remedyib.51.Remedies for the diseases of animalsib.52.Other aquatic productions. Adarca or calamochnos: three remedies. Reeds: eight remedies. The ink of the sæpia5853.The names of all the animals that exist in the sea, one hundred and seventy-six in number5954.Additional names of fishes found in the poem of Ovid65BOOK XXXIII.THE NATURAL HISTORY OF METALS.1.Metals682.Gold693.What was the first recommendation of gold714.The origin of gold ringsib.5.The quantity of gold possessed by the ancients756.The right or wearing gold rings767.The decuries of the judges828.Particulars connected with the equestrian order839.How often the name of the equestrian order has been changed8510.Gifts for military services, in gold and silver8611.At what period the first crown of gold was presentedib.12.Other uses made of gold, by females8713.Coins of gold. At what periods copper, gold, and silver, were first impressed. How copper was used before gold and silver were coined. What was the largest sum of money possessed by any one at the time of our first census. How often, and at what periods, the value of copper and of coined money has been changed8814.Considerations on man’s cupidity for gold9115.The persons who have possessed the greatest quantity of gold and silver9316.At what period silver first made its appearance upon the arena and upon the stage9417.At what periods there was the greatest quantity of gold and silver in the treasury of the Roman people9518.At what period ceilings were first gildedib.19.For what reasons the highest value is set upon gold9620.The method of gilding9821.How gold is found9922.Orpiment10423.Electrum10524.The first statues of goldib.25.Eight remedies derived from gold10626.Chrysocolla10727.The use made of chrysocolla in painting10828.Seven remedies derived from chrysocolla11029.The chrysocolla of the goldsmiths, known also as santernaib.30.The marvellous operations of nature in soldering metallic substances, and bringing them to a state of perfection11131.Silverib.32.Quicksilver11333.Stimmi, stibi, alabastrum, larbasis, or platy-ophthalmon11534.Seven remedies derived from stimmiib.35.The scoria of silver. Six remedies derived from it11636.Minium: for what religious purposes it was used by the ancients11937.The discovery and origin of minium12038.Cinnabarisib.39.The employment of cinnabaris in painting12140.The various kinds of minium. The use made of it in paintingib.41.Hydrargyros. Remedies derived from minium12442.The method of gilding silverib.43.Touchstones for testing gold12544.The different kinds of silver, and the modes of testing itib.45.Mirrors12646.Egyptian silver12847.Instances of immense wealth. Persons who have possessed the greatest sums of money12948.At what period the Roman people first made voluntary contributions13149.Instances of luxury in silver plateib.50.Instances of the frugality of the ancients in reference to silver plate13251.At what period silver was first used as an ornament for couches13452.At what period silver chargers of enormous size were first made. When silver was first used as a material for sideboards. When the sideboards called tympana were first introducedib.53.The enormous price of silver plate13554.Statues of silver13655.The most remarkable works in silver, and the names of the most famous artists in silver13856.Sil: The persons who first used it in painting and the method they adopted14057.Cæruleum14158.Two remedies derived from cæruleum143BOOK XXXIV.THE NATURAL HISTORY OF METALS.1.The ores of brass1472.The different kinds of copper1483.The Corinthian brass1494.The Delian brass1515.The Æginetan brassib.6.Stands for lamps1527.Ornaments of the temples made of brass1538.Couches of brassib.9.Which was the first statue of a god made of brass at Rome. The origin of statues, and the respect paid to them15410.The different kinds and forms of statues. Statues at Rome with cuirasses15511.In honour of whom public statues were first erected: in honour of whom they were first placed on pillars: when the rostra were first erected15612.In honour of what foreigners public statues were erected at Rome15913.The first equestrian statues publicly erected at Rome, and in honour of what females statues were publicly erected there16014.At what period all the statues erected by private individuals were removed from the public placesib.15.The first statues publicly erected by foreigners16116.That there were statuaries in Italy also at an early period16217.The immoderate prices of statues16318.The most celebrated colossal statues in the city16419.An account of the most celebrated works in brass, and of the artists, 366 in number16820.The different kinds of copper and its combinations. Pyropus. Campanian copper18921.The method of preserving copper19122.Cadmiaib.23.Fifteen remedies derived from cadmia. Ten medicinal effects of calcined copper19324.The scoria of copper19425.Stomoma of copper: forty-seven remediesib.26.Verdigris: Eighteen remedies19527.Hieracium19728.Scolex of copper: eighteen remediesib.29.Chalcitis: seven remedies19830.Sory: three remedies19931.Misy: thirteen remediesib.32.Chalcanthum, or shoemakers’ black: sixteen remedies20033.Pompholyx20234.Spodos: five remediesib.35.Fifteen varieties of antispodos20336.Smegma20437.Diphryxib.38.Particulars relative to the Servilian triens20539.Iron oresib.40.Statues of iron; chased works in iron20641.The different kinds of iron, and the mode of tempering itib.42.The metal called live iron20943.Methods of preventing rustib.44.Seven remedies derived from iron21045.Fourteen remedies derived from rust21146.Seventeen remedies derived from the scales of iron. Hygremplastrumib.47.The ores of lead21248.Stannum. Argentarium21449.Black lead21550.Fifteen remedies derived from lead21651.Fifteen remedies derived from the scoria of lead21852.Spodium of leadib.53.Molybdæna: fifteen remediesib.54.Psimithium, or ceruse; six remedies21955.Sandarach: eleven remedies22056.Arrhenicumib.BOOK XXXV.AN ACCOUNT OF PAINTINGS AND COLOURS.1.The honour attached to painting2232.The honour attached to portraits2243.When shields were first invented with portraits upon them; and when they were first erected in public2274.When these shields were first placed in private housesib.5.The commencement of the art of painting. Monochrome paintings. The earliest painters2286.The antiquity of painting in Italy2297.Roman painters2308.At what period foreign paintings were first introduced at Rome2329.At what period painting was first held in high esteem at Rome, and from what causesib.10.What pictures the Emperors have exhibited in public23311.The art of painting23412.Pigments other than those of a metallic origin. Artificial colours23513.Sinopis: eleven remediesib.14.Rubrica; Lemnian earth: four remedies23615.Egyptian earth23716.Ochra: remedies derived from rubricaib.17.Leucophoronib.18.Parætonium23819.Melinum: six remedies. Ceruseib.20.Usta23921.Eretriaib.22.Sandarachib.23.Sandyx24024.Syricumib.25.Atramentumib.26.Purpurissum24227.Indicumib.28.Armenium: one remedy24329.Appianumib.30.Anularian white24431.Which colours do not admit of being laid on a wet coatingib.32.What colours were used by the ancients in painting24533.At what time combats of gladiators were first painted and publicly exhibited24634.The age of painting; with the names of the more celebrated works and artists, four hundred and five in numberib.35.The first contest for excellence in the pictorial art24836.Artists who painted with the pencil24937.Various other kinds of painting26838.An effectual way of putting a stop to the singing of birds27239.Artists who have painted in eucaustics or wax, with either the cestrum or the pencilib.40.The first inventors of various kinds of painting. The greatest difficulties in the art of painting. The several varieties of painting. The first artist that painted ceilings. When arched roofs were first painted. The marvellous price of some picturesib.41.Encaustic painting28242.The colouring of tissuesib.43.The inventors of the art of modelling28344.Who was the first to mould figures in imitation of the features of living persons, or of statues28445.The most famous modellersib.46.Works in pottery28647.Various kinds of earth. The Puteolan dust, and other earths of which cements like stone are made28848.Formacean walls28949.Walls of brick. The method of making bricks29050.Sulphur, and the several varieties of it: fourteen remedies29151.Bitumen, and the several varieties of it: twenty-seven remedies29352.Alumen, and the several varieties of it: thirty-eight remedies29453.Samian earth: three remedies29854.The various kinds of eretriaib.55.The method of washing earths for medicinal purposesib.56.Chian earth: three remedies. Selinusian earth: three remedies. Pnigitis: nine remedies. Ampelitis: four remedies29957.Cretaceous earths used for scouring cloth. Cimolian earth: nine remedies. Sardinian earth. Umbrian earth. Suxumib.58.Argentaria. Names of freedmen who have either risen to power themselves, or have belonged to men of influence30159.The earth of Galata; of Clypea; of the Baleares; and of Ebusus303BOOK XXXVI.THE NATURAL HISTORY OF STONES.1.Luxury displayed in the use of various kinds of marble3052.Who was the first to employ marble in public buildings3063.Who was the first to erect columns of foreign marble at Rome3074.The first artists who excelled in the sculpture of marble, and the various periods at which they flourished. The Mausoleum in Caria. The most celebrated sculptors and works in marble, two hundred and twenty-five in number3085.At what period marble was first used in buildings3236.Who were the first to cut marble into slabs, and at what period3247.Who was the first to encrust the walls of houses at Rome with marbleib.8.At what period the various kinds of marble came into use at Rome3259.The method of cutting marble into slabs. The sand used in cutting marbleib.10.Stone of Naxos. Stone of Armenia32711.The marbles of Alexandriaib.12.Onyx and alabastrites: six remedies32913.Lygdinus; corallitic stone; stone of Alabanda; stone of Thebais; stone of Syene33014.Obelisks33115.The obelisk which serves as a dial in the Campus Martius33416.Marvellous works in Egypt. The pyramids33517.The Egyptian Sphinx33618.The Pharos33919.Labyrinthsib.20.Hanging gardens. A hanging city34321.The Temple of Diana at Ephesusib.22.Marvels connected with other temples34423.The fugitive stone. The seven-fold echo. Buildings erected without the use of nailsib.24.Marvellous buildings at Rome, eighteen in number34525.The magnet: three remedies35526.Stone of Scyros35727.Sarcophagus, or stone of Assos: ten remediesib.28.Chernitesib.29.Osseous stones. Palm stones. Corani. Black stones35830.Molar stones. Pyrites: seven remedies35931.Ostrocites: four remedies. Amianthus: two remedies36032.Geodes: three remediesib.33.Melitinus: six remediesib.34.Gagates: six remedies36135.Spongites: two remedies36236.Phrygian stoneib.37.Hæmatites: five remedies. Schistos: seven remediesib.38.Æthiopic hæmatites. Androdamas: two remedies. Arabian hæmatites. Miltites or hepatites. Anthracites36339.Aëtites. Taphiusian stone. Callimus36440.Samian stone: eight remedies36541.Arabian stone: six remediesib.42.Pumice: nine remedies36643.Stones for mortars used for medicinal and other purposes. Etesian stone. Thebaic stone. Chalazian stone36744.Stone of Siphnos. Soft stones36845.Specular stonesib.46.Phengites36947.Whetstones37048.Tophus37149.The various kinds of silexib.50.Other stones used for building37251.The various methods of buildingib.52.Cisterns37353.Quick-limeib.54.The various kinds of sand. The combinations of sand with limeib.55.Defects in building. Plasters for walls37456.Columns. The several kinds of columnsib.57.Five remedies derived from lime37558.Malthaib.59.Gypsum37660.Pavements. The Asarotos œcosib.61.The first pavements in use at Rome37762.Terrace-roof pavementsib.63.Græcanic pavements37864.At what period mosaic pavements were first invented. At what period arched roofs were first decorated with glassib.65.The origin of glass37966.The various kinds of glass, and the mode of making it38067.Obsian glass and Obsian stone38168.Marvellous facts connected with fire38369.Three remedies derived from fire and from ashesib.70.Prodigies connected with the hearth384BOOK XXXVII.THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PRECIOUS STONES.1.The first use of precious stones3862.The jewel of Polycratesib.3.The jewel of Pyrrhus3874.Who were the most skilful lapidaries. The finest specimens of engraving on precious stones3895.The first dactyliothecæ at Rome3906.Jewels displayed at Rome in the triumph of Pompeius Magnusib.7.At what period murrhine vessels were first introduced at Rome. Instances of luxury in reference to them3928.The nature of murrhine vessels3939.The nature of crystal39410.Luxury displayed in the use of crystal. Remedies derived from crystal39511.Amber: the many falsehoods that have been told about it39712.The several kinds of amber: the remedies derived from it40213.Lyncurium: two asserted remedies40414.The various precious stones, classified according to their principal colours40515.Adamas: six varieties of it. Two remediesib.16.Smaragdus40817.Twelve varieties of the smaragdus41018.Defects in the smaragdus41119.The precious stone called tanos. Chalcosmaragdos41320.Beryls: eight varieties of them. Defects in beryls41421.Opals: seven varieties of them41522.Defects in opals: the modes of testing them41623.Sardonyx; the several varieties of it. Defects in the sardonyx41724.Onyx: the several varieties of it41925.Carbunculus: twelve varieties of it42026.Defects in carbunculus, and the mode of testing it42227.Anthracitis42328.Sandastros. Sandaresosib.29.Lychnis: four varieties of it42430.Carchedonia42531.Sarda: five varieties of itib.32.Topazos: two varieties of it42633.Callaina42734.Prasius: three varieties of it42935.Nilionib.36.Molochitisib.37.Iaspis: fourteen varieties of it. Defects found in iaspis43038.Cyanos: the several varieties of it43239.Sapphirosib.40.Amethystos: four varieties of it. Socondion. Sapenos. Pharanitis. Aphrodites blepharon, anteros, or hæderosib.41.Hyacinthos43442.Chrysolithos: seven varieties of itib.43.Chryselectrum43544.Leucochrysos: four varieties of itib.45.Melichrysos. Xuthon43646.Pæderos, sangenon, or tenitesib.47.Asteria43748.Astrionib.49.Astriotesib.50.Astrobolos43851.Ceraunia: four varieties of itib.52.Iris: two varieties of itib.53.Leros43954.Achates: the several varieties of it. Acopos: the remedies derived from it. Alabastritis: the remedies derived from it. Alectoria. Androdamas. Argyrodamas. Antipathes. Arabica. Aromatitis. Asbestos. Aspisatis. Atizöe. Augetis. Amphidanes or chrysocolla. Aphrodisiaca. Apsyctos. Ægyptillaib.55.Balanites. Batrachitis. Baptes. Beli oculus. Belus. Baroptenus or barippe. Botryitis. Bostrychitis. Bucardia. Brontea. Bolos44356.Cadmitis. Callais. Capnitis. Cappadocia. Callaica. Catochitis. Catoptritis. Cepitis or Cepolatitis. Ceramitis. Cinædia. Ceritis. Circos. Corsoïdes. Coralloachates. Corallis. Crateritis. Crocallis. Cyitis. Chalcophonos. Chelidonia. Chelonia. Chelonitis. Chloritis. Choaspitis. Chrysolampis. Chrysopis. Ceponides44457.Daphnea. Diadochos. Diphyes. Dionysias. Draconitis44758.Encardia or ariste. Enorchis. Exebenus. Erythallis. Erotylos, amphicomos, or hieromnemon. Eumeces. Enmithres. Eupetalos. Eureos. Eurotias. Eusebes. Epimelas44859.Galaxias. Galactitis, leucogæa, leucographitis, or synnephitis. Gallaica. Gassinade. Glossopetra. Gorgonia. Goniæa44960.Heliotropium. Hephæstitis. Hermuaidoion. Hexecontalithos. Hieracitis. Hammitis. Hammonis cornu. Hormiscion. Hyænia. Hæmatitis45061.Idæi dactyli. Icterias. Jovis gemma. Indica. Ion45262.Lepidotis. Lesbias. Leucophthalmos. Leucopœcilos. Libanochrus. Limoniatis. Liparea. Lysimachos. Leucochrysosib.63.Memnonia. Media. Meconitis. Mithrax. Morochthos. Mormorion or promnion. Murrhitis. Myrmecias. Myrsinitis. Mesoleucos. Mesomelas45364.Nasamonitis. Nebritis. Nipparene45465.Oica. Ombria or notia. Onocardia. Oritis or sideritis. Ostracias. Ostritis. Ophicardelon. Obsian stoneib.66.Panchrus. Pangonus. Paneros or panerastos. Pontica: four varieties of it. Phloginos or chrysitis. Phœnicitis. Phycitis. Perileucos. Pæanitis or gæanis45567.Solis gemma. Sagda. Samothracia. Sauritis. Sarcitis. Selenitis. Sideritis. Sideropœcilos. Spongitis. Synodontitis. Syrtitis. Syringitis45668.Trichrus. Thelyrrhizos. Thelycardios or mule. Thracia: three varieties of it. Tephritis. Tecolithos45769.Veneris crines. Veientana45870.Zathene. Zmilampis. Zoraniscæaib.71.Precious stones which derive their names from various parts of the human body. Hepatitis. Steatitis. Adadunephros. Adaduophthalmos. Adadudactylos. Triophthalmosib.72.Precious stones which derive their names from animals. Carcinias. Echitis. Scorpitis. Scaritis. Triglitis. Ægophthalmos. Hyophthalmos. Geranitis. Hieracitis. Aëtitis. Myrmecitis. Cantharias. Lycophthalmos. Taos. Timictonia45973.Precious stones which derive their names from other objects. Hammochrysos. Cenchritis. Dryitis. Cissitis. Narcissitis. Cyamias. Pyren. Phœnicitis. Chalazias. Pyritis. Polyzonos Astrapæa. Phlogitis. Anthracitis. Enhygros. Polythrix. Leontios. Pardalios. Drosolithos. Melichrus. Melichloros. Crocias. Polias. Spartopolias. Rhoditis. Chalcitis. Sycitis. Bostrychitis. Chernitie. Anancitis. Synochitis. Dendritisib.74.Precious stones that suddenly make their appearance. Cochlides46175.The various forms of precious stones46276.The methods of testing precious stones46377.A comparative view of Nature as she appears in different countries. The comparative values of things464General Index469

The power of Nature as manifested in antipathies. The echeneïs: two remedies

The torpedo: nine remedies

The sea-hare: five remedies

Marvels of the Red Sea

The instincts of fishes

Marvellous properties belonging to certain fishes

Places where fish eat from the hand

Places where fish recognize the human voice. Oracular responses given by fish

Places where bitter fish are found, salt, or sweet

When sea-fish were first eaten by the people of Rome. The ordinance of King Numa as to fish

Coral: forty-three remedies and observations

The antipathies and sympathies which exist between certain objects. The hatreds manifested by certain aquatic animals. The pastinaca: eight remedies. The galeos: fifteen remedies. The sur-mullet: fifteen remedies

Amphibious animals. Castoreum: sixty-six remedies and observations

The tortoise: sixty-six remedies and observations

Remedies derived from the aquatic animals, classified according to the respective diseases

Remedies for poisons, and for noxious spells. The dorade: four remedies. The sea-star: seven remedies

Remedies for the stings of serpents, for the bites of dogs, and for injuries indicted by venomous animals. The sea-dragon: three remedies. Twenty-five remedies derived from salted fish. The sarda: one remedy. Eleven remedies derived from cybium

The sea-frog: six remedies. The river-frog: fifty-two remedies. The bramble-frog: one remedy. Thirty-two observations on these animals

The enhydris: six remedies. The river-crab: fourteen remedies. The sea-crab: seven remedies. The river-snail: seven remedies. The coracinus: four remedies. The sea-pig: two remedies

The sea-calf: ten remedies. The muræna: one remedy. The hippocampus: nine remedies. The sea-urchin: eleven remedies

The various kinds of oysters: fifty-eight remedies and observations. Purples: nine remedies

Sea-weed: two remedies

Remedies for alopecy, change of colour in the hair, and ulcerations of the head. The sea-mouse: two remedies. The sea-scorpion: twelve remedies. The leech: seven remedies. The murex: thirteen remedies. The conchylium: five remedies

Remedies for diseases of the eyes and eyelids. Two remedies derived from the fat of fishes. The callionymus: three remedies. The gall of the coracinus: one remedy. The sæpia: twenty-four remedies. Ichthyocolla: five remedies

Remedies for diseases of the ears. The batia: one remedy. The bacchus or myxon: two remedies. The sea-louse: two remedies

Remedies for tooth-ache. The dog-fish: four remedies. Whale’s flesh

Remedies for lichens, and for spots upon the face. The dolphin: nine remedies. Coluthia or coryphia: three remedies. Halcyoneum: seven remedies. The tunny: five remedies

Remedies for scrofula, imposthumes of the parotid glands, quinzy, and diseases of the fauces. The mæna; thirteen remedies. The sea-scolopendra: two remedies. The saurus: one remedy. Shell-fish: one remedy. The silurus: fifteen remedies

Remedies for cough and diseases of the chest

Remedies for pains in the liver and side. The elongated conch: six remedies. The tethea: five remedies

Remedies for diseases of the bowels. Sea-wort: one remedy The myax: twenty-five remedies. The mitulus: eight remedies. Pelorides: one remedy. Seriphum: two remedies. The erythinus: two remedies

Remedies for diseases of the spleen, for urinary calculi, and for affections of the bladder. The sole: one remedy. The turbot: one remedy. The blendius: one remedy. The sea-nettle; seven remedies. The pulmo marinus: six remedies. Onyches: four remedies

Remedies for intestinal hernia, and for diseases of the rectum. The water-snake: one remedy. The hydrus: one remedy.The mullet: one remedy. The pelamis: three remedies

Remedies for inflamed tumours, and for diseases of the generative organs. The sciæna: one remedy. The perch: four remedies. The squatina: three remedies. The smaris: three remedies

Remedies for incontinence of urine. The ophidion: one remedy

Remedies for gout, and for pains in the feet. The beaver: four remedies. Bryon: one remedy

Remedies for epilepsy

Remedies for fevers. The fish called asellus: one remedy. The phagrus: one remedy

Remedies for lethargy, cachexy, and dropsy

Remedies for burns and for erysipelas

Remedies for diseases of the sinews

Methods of arresting hæmorrhage and of letting blood. The polyp: one remedy

Methods of extracting foreign bodies from the flesh

Remedies for ulcers, carcinomata, and carbuncle

Remedies for warts, and for malformed nails. The glanis: one remedy

Remedies for female diseases. The glauciscus: one remedy

Methods of removing superfluous hair. Depilatories

Remedies for the diseases of infants

Methods of preventing intoxication. The fish called rubellio: one remedy. The eel: one remedy. The grape-fish: one remedy

Antaphrodisiacs and aphrodisiacs. The hippopotamus: one remedy. The crocodile: one remedy

Remedies for the diseases of animals

Other aquatic productions. Adarca or calamochnos: three remedies. Reeds: eight remedies. The ink of the sæpia

The names of all the animals that exist in the sea, one hundred and seventy-six in number

Additional names of fishes found in the poem of Ovid

Metals

Gold

What was the first recommendation of gold

The origin of gold rings

The quantity of gold possessed by the ancients

The right or wearing gold rings

The decuries of the judges

Particulars connected with the equestrian order

How often the name of the equestrian order has been changed

Gifts for military services, in gold and silver

At what period the first crown of gold was presented

Other uses made of gold, by females

Coins of gold. At what periods copper, gold, and silver, were first impressed. How copper was used before gold and silver were coined. What was the largest sum of money possessed by any one at the time of our first census. How often, and at what periods, the value of copper and of coined money has been changed

Considerations on man’s cupidity for gold

The persons who have possessed the greatest quantity of gold and silver

At what period silver first made its appearance upon the arena and upon the stage

At what periods there was the greatest quantity of gold and silver in the treasury of the Roman people

At what period ceilings were first gilded

For what reasons the highest value is set upon gold

The method of gilding

How gold is found

Orpiment

Electrum

The first statues of gold

Eight remedies derived from gold

Chrysocolla

The use made of chrysocolla in painting

Seven remedies derived from chrysocolla

The chrysocolla of the goldsmiths, known also as santerna

The marvellous operations of nature in soldering metallic substances, and bringing them to a state of perfection

Silver

Quicksilver

Stimmi, stibi, alabastrum, larbasis, or platy-ophthalmon

Seven remedies derived from stimmi

The scoria of silver. Six remedies derived from it

Minium: for what religious purposes it was used by the ancients

The discovery and origin of minium

Cinnabaris

The employment of cinnabaris in painting

The various kinds of minium. The use made of it in painting

Hydrargyros. Remedies derived from minium

The method of gilding silver

Touchstones for testing gold

The different kinds of silver, and the modes of testing it

Mirrors

Egyptian silver

Instances of immense wealth. Persons who have possessed the greatest sums of money

At what period the Roman people first made voluntary contributions

Instances of luxury in silver plate

Instances of the frugality of the ancients in reference to silver plate

At what period silver was first used as an ornament for couches

At what period silver chargers of enormous size were first made. When silver was first used as a material for sideboards. When the sideboards called tympana were first introduced

The enormous price of silver plate

Statues of silver

The most remarkable works in silver, and the names of the most famous artists in silver

Sil: The persons who first used it in painting and the method they adopted

Cæruleum

Two remedies derived from cæruleum

The ores of brass

The different kinds of copper

The Corinthian brass

The Delian brass

The Æginetan brass

Stands for lamps

Ornaments of the temples made of brass

Couches of brass

Which was the first statue of a god made of brass at Rome. The origin of statues, and the respect paid to them

The different kinds and forms of statues. Statues at Rome with cuirasses

In honour of whom public statues were first erected: in honour of whom they were first placed on pillars: when the rostra were first erected

In honour of what foreigners public statues were erected at Rome

The first equestrian statues publicly erected at Rome, and in honour of what females statues were publicly erected there

At what period all the statues erected by private individuals were removed from the public places

The first statues publicly erected by foreigners

That there were statuaries in Italy also at an early period

The immoderate prices of statues

The most celebrated colossal statues in the city

An account of the most celebrated works in brass, and of the artists, 366 in number

The different kinds of copper and its combinations. Pyropus. Campanian copper

The method of preserving copper

Cadmia

Fifteen remedies derived from cadmia. Ten medicinal effects of calcined copper

The scoria of copper

Stomoma of copper: forty-seven remedies

Verdigris: Eighteen remedies

Hieracium

Scolex of copper: eighteen remedies

Chalcitis: seven remedies

Sory: three remedies

Misy: thirteen remedies

Chalcanthum, or shoemakers’ black: sixteen remedies

Pompholyx

Spodos: five remedies

Fifteen varieties of antispodos

Smegma

Diphryx

Particulars relative to the Servilian triens

Iron ores

Statues of iron; chased works in iron

The different kinds of iron, and the mode of tempering it

The metal called live iron

Methods of preventing rust

Seven remedies derived from iron

Fourteen remedies derived from rust

Seventeen remedies derived from the scales of iron. Hygremplastrum

The ores of lead

Stannum. Argentarium

Black lead

Fifteen remedies derived from lead

Fifteen remedies derived from the scoria of lead

Spodium of lead

Molybdæna: fifteen remedies

Psimithium, or ceruse; six remedies

Sandarach: eleven remedies

Arrhenicum

The honour attached to painting

The honour attached to portraits

When shields were first invented with portraits upon them; and when they were first erected in public

When these shields were first placed in private houses

The commencement of the art of painting. Monochrome paintings. The earliest painters

The antiquity of painting in Italy

Roman painters

At what period foreign paintings were first introduced at Rome

At what period painting was first held in high esteem at Rome, and from what causes

What pictures the Emperors have exhibited in public

The art of painting

Pigments other than those of a metallic origin. Artificial colours

Sinopis: eleven remedies

Rubrica; Lemnian earth: four remedies

Egyptian earth

Ochra: remedies derived from rubrica

Leucophoron

Parætonium

Melinum: six remedies. Ceruse

Usta

Eretria

Sandarach

Sandyx

Syricum

Atramentum

Purpurissum

Indicum

Armenium: one remedy

Appianum

Anularian white

Which colours do not admit of being laid on a wet coating

What colours were used by the ancients in painting

At what time combats of gladiators were first painted and publicly exhibited

The age of painting; with the names of the more celebrated works and artists, four hundred and five in number

The first contest for excellence in the pictorial art

Artists who painted with the pencil

Various other kinds of painting

An effectual way of putting a stop to the singing of birds

Artists who have painted in eucaustics or wax, with either the cestrum or the pencil

The first inventors of various kinds of painting. The greatest difficulties in the art of painting. The several varieties of painting. The first artist that painted ceilings. When arched roofs were first painted. The marvellous price of some pictures

Encaustic painting

The colouring of tissues

The inventors of the art of modelling

Who was the first to mould figures in imitation of the features of living persons, or of statues

The most famous modellers

Works in pottery

Various kinds of earth. The Puteolan dust, and other earths of which cements like stone are made

Formacean walls

Walls of brick. The method of making bricks

Sulphur, and the several varieties of it: fourteen remedies

Bitumen, and the several varieties of it: twenty-seven remedies

Alumen, and the several varieties of it: thirty-eight remedies

Samian earth: three remedies

The various kinds of eretria

The method of washing earths for medicinal purposes

Chian earth: three remedies. Selinusian earth: three remedies. Pnigitis: nine remedies. Ampelitis: four remedies

Cretaceous earths used for scouring cloth. Cimolian earth: nine remedies. Sardinian earth. Umbrian earth. Suxum

Argentaria. Names of freedmen who have either risen to power themselves, or have belonged to men of influence

The earth of Galata; of Clypea; of the Baleares; and of Ebusus

Luxury displayed in the use of various kinds of marble

Who was the first to employ marble in public buildings

Who was the first to erect columns of foreign marble at Rome

The first artists who excelled in the sculpture of marble, and the various periods at which they flourished. The Mausoleum in Caria. The most celebrated sculptors and works in marble, two hundred and twenty-five in number

At what period marble was first used in buildings

Who were the first to cut marble into slabs, and at what period

Who was the first to encrust the walls of houses at Rome with marble

At what period the various kinds of marble came into use at Rome

The method of cutting marble into slabs. The sand used in cutting marble

Stone of Naxos. Stone of Armenia

The marbles of Alexandria

Onyx and alabastrites: six remedies

Lygdinus; corallitic stone; stone of Alabanda; stone of Thebais; stone of Syene

Obelisks

The obelisk which serves as a dial in the Campus Martius

Marvellous works in Egypt. The pyramids

The Egyptian Sphinx

The Pharos

Labyrinths

Hanging gardens. A hanging city

The Temple of Diana at Ephesus

Marvels connected with other temples

The fugitive stone. The seven-fold echo. Buildings erected without the use of nails

Marvellous buildings at Rome, eighteen in number

The magnet: three remedies

Stone of Scyros

Sarcophagus, or stone of Assos: ten remedies

Chernites

Osseous stones. Palm stones. Corani. Black stones

Molar stones. Pyrites: seven remedies

Ostrocites: four remedies. Amianthus: two remedies

Geodes: three remedies

Melitinus: six remedies

Gagates: six remedies

Spongites: two remedies

Phrygian stone

Hæmatites: five remedies. Schistos: seven remedies

Æthiopic hæmatites. Androdamas: two remedies. Arabian hæmatites. Miltites or hepatites. Anthracites

Aëtites. Taphiusian stone. Callimus

Samian stone: eight remedies

Arabian stone: six remedies

Pumice: nine remedies

Stones for mortars used for medicinal and other purposes. Etesian stone. Thebaic stone. Chalazian stone

Stone of Siphnos. Soft stones

Specular stones

Phengites

Whetstones

Tophus

The various kinds of silex

Other stones used for building

The various methods of building

Cisterns

Quick-lime

The various kinds of sand. The combinations of sand with lime

Defects in building. Plasters for walls

Columns. The several kinds of columns

Five remedies derived from lime

Maltha

Gypsum

Pavements. The Asarotos œcos

The first pavements in use at Rome

Terrace-roof pavements

Græcanic pavements

At what period mosaic pavements were first invented. At what period arched roofs were first decorated with glass

The origin of glass

The various kinds of glass, and the mode of making it

Obsian glass and Obsian stone

Marvellous facts connected with fire

Three remedies derived from fire and from ashes

Prodigies connected with the hearth

The first use of precious stones

The jewel of Polycrates

The jewel of Pyrrhus

Who were the most skilful lapidaries. The finest specimens of engraving on precious stones

The first dactyliothecæ at Rome

Jewels displayed at Rome in the triumph of Pompeius Magnus

At what period murrhine vessels were first introduced at Rome. Instances of luxury in reference to them

The nature of murrhine vessels

The nature of crystal

Luxury displayed in the use of crystal. Remedies derived from crystal

Amber: the many falsehoods that have been told about it

The several kinds of amber: the remedies derived from it

Lyncurium: two asserted remedies

The various precious stones, classified according to their principal colours

Adamas: six varieties of it. Two remedies

Smaragdus

Twelve varieties of the smaragdus

Defects in the smaragdus

The precious stone called tanos. Chalcosmaragdos

Beryls: eight varieties of them. Defects in beryls

Opals: seven varieties of them

Defects in opals: the modes of testing them

Sardonyx; the several varieties of it. Defects in the sardonyx

Onyx: the several varieties of it

Carbunculus: twelve varieties of it

Defects in carbunculus, and the mode of testing it

Anthracitis

Sandastros. Sandaresos

Lychnis: four varieties of it

Carchedonia

Sarda: five varieties of it

Topazos: two varieties of it

Callaina

Prasius: three varieties of it

Nilion

Molochitis

Iaspis: fourteen varieties of it. Defects found in iaspis

Cyanos: the several varieties of it

Sapphiros

Amethystos: four varieties of it. Socondion. Sapenos. Pharanitis. Aphrodites blepharon, anteros, or hæderos

Hyacinthos

Chrysolithos: seven varieties of it

Chryselectrum

Leucochrysos: four varieties of it

Melichrysos. Xuthon

Pæderos, sangenon, or tenites

Asteria

Astrion

Astriotes

Astrobolos

Ceraunia: four varieties of it

Iris: two varieties of it

Leros

Achates: the several varieties of it. Acopos: the remedies derived from it. Alabastritis: the remedies derived from it. Alectoria. Androdamas. Argyrodamas. Antipathes. Arabica. Aromatitis. Asbestos. Aspisatis. Atizöe. Augetis. Amphidanes or chrysocolla. Aphrodisiaca. Apsyctos. Ægyptilla

Balanites. Batrachitis. Baptes. Beli oculus. Belus. Baroptenus or barippe. Botryitis. Bostrychitis. Bucardia. Brontea. Bolos

Cadmitis. Callais. Capnitis. Cappadocia. Callaica. Catochitis. Catoptritis. Cepitis or Cepolatitis. Ceramitis. Cinædia. Ceritis. Circos. Corsoïdes. Coralloachates. Corallis. Crateritis. Crocallis. Cyitis. Chalcophonos. Chelidonia. Chelonia. Chelonitis. Chloritis. Choaspitis. Chrysolampis. Chrysopis. Ceponides

Daphnea. Diadochos. Diphyes. Dionysias. Draconitis

Encardia or ariste. Enorchis. Exebenus. Erythallis. Erotylos, amphicomos, or hieromnemon. Eumeces. Enmithres. Eupetalos. Eureos. Eurotias. Eusebes. Epimelas

Galaxias. Galactitis, leucogæa, leucographitis, or synnephitis. Gallaica. Gassinade. Glossopetra. Gorgonia. Goniæa

Heliotropium. Hephæstitis. Hermuaidoion. Hexecontalithos. Hieracitis. Hammitis. Hammonis cornu. Hormiscion. Hyænia. Hæmatitis

Idæi dactyli. Icterias. Jovis gemma. Indica. Ion

Lepidotis. Lesbias. Leucophthalmos. Leucopœcilos. Libanochrus. Limoniatis. Liparea. Lysimachos. Leucochrysos

Memnonia. Media. Meconitis. Mithrax. Morochthos. Mormorion or promnion. Murrhitis. Myrmecias. Myrsinitis. Mesoleucos. Mesomelas

Nasamonitis. Nebritis. Nipparene

Oica. Ombria or notia. Onocardia. Oritis or sideritis. Ostracias. Ostritis. Ophicardelon. Obsian stone

Panchrus. Pangonus. Paneros or panerastos. Pontica: four varieties of it. Phloginos or chrysitis. Phœnicitis. Phycitis. Perileucos. Pæanitis or gæanis

Solis gemma. Sagda. Samothracia. Sauritis. Sarcitis. Selenitis. Sideritis. Sideropœcilos. Spongitis. Synodontitis. Syrtitis. Syringitis

Trichrus. Thelyrrhizos. Thelycardios or mule. Thracia: three varieties of it. Tephritis. Tecolithos

Veneris crines. Veientana

Zathene. Zmilampis. Zoraniscæa

Precious stones which derive their names from various parts of the human body. Hepatitis. Steatitis. Adadunephros. Adaduophthalmos. Adadudactylos. Triophthalmos

Precious stones which derive their names from animals. Carcinias. Echitis. Scorpitis. Scaritis. Triglitis. Ægophthalmos. Hyophthalmos. Geranitis. Hieracitis. Aëtitis. Myrmecitis. Cantharias. Lycophthalmos. Taos. Timictonia

Precious stones which derive their names from other objects. Hammochrysos. Cenchritis. Dryitis. Cissitis. Narcissitis. Cyamias. Pyren. Phœnicitis. Chalazias. Pyritis. Polyzonos Astrapæa. Phlogitis. Anthracitis. Enhygros. Polythrix. Leontios. Pardalios. Drosolithos. Melichrus. Melichloros. Crocias. Polias. Spartopolias. Rhoditis. Chalcitis. Sycitis. Bostrychitis. Chernitie. Anancitis. Synochitis. Dendritis

Precious stones that suddenly make their appearance. Cochlides

The various forms of precious stones

The methods of testing precious stones

A comparative view of Nature as she appears in different countries. The comparative values of things


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