VITA

The writer of this dissertation, Sister Mary Rosaria Gorman, was born in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, June 21, 1880. She received her early education in the Public Schools of that Province, and was graduated from St. Patrick’s Girls’ High School, Halifax, N. S., in 1897. In 1912 she obtained a Head Master’s License to teach in the Nova Scotia schools. From 1902 to 1910, she was Assistant Teacher in St. Patrick’s Girls’ High School, Halifax. In 1907, she matriculated at the University of London. From 1910 to 1913, she taught in the Academy of Mount Saint Vincent, Halifax.

The years 1913–1914, 1914–1915, 1915–1916 have been spent in residence at the Catholic Sisters College, Catholic University of America. The degree Bachelor of Arts was received in 1914, that of Master of Arts in 1915. In her graduate work, the principal courses followed have been those under J. B. O’Connor, Ph.D. and Reverend F. J. Coeln, Ph.D., to both of whom it is the writer’s pleasure and honor to return thanks, but especially to Dr. J. B. O’Connor for his valuable assistance and kind encouragement in the preparation of this dissertation.

1. Od. ii, 361; xix, 15, 21, 489; ii, 349, 372; xvii, 499; Il. vi, 389; xxii, 503.

2. Hom. Hymn to Aphrod., 114; Dem., 103, 147, 227, 291.

3. Republic, 373C.

4. xlvii, 55, 56, 72.

5. H. A., vii, 12.

6. Athen., vi, 9.

7. Alc., 1, Lyc., 16.

8. Gynæcia, i, 87, 88.

9. Com. on Il., vi, p. 513.

10. Oppian, Halieutica. II, 404–5.

11. Brugmann, Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik, Strassburg, 1889, ii, S. 92.

12. Lexicon, s. v.τροφοί.

13. Od., xxiii, 171. Cf. xxiii, 35, 81, 11; xix, 482, 500, etc.

14. Homeric Hymn Dem., 147.

15. Euripides, Hipp., 243.

16. Il., xxii, 82. Cf. also xvi, 203 and Od., xi, 448.

17. Od., xix, 482.

18.Ibid., xi, 448.Note.—Seymour (Life in the Homeric Age, N. Y., 1914, p. 139), objects to this on the ground that “nothing indicates that she (Eurycleia) ever bore a child and could have served as a wet-nurse.” The wordsεὐνῇ δ’ οὔ ποτ’ ἔμικτο(Od. I, 433) merely show that Eurycleia was not the concubine of Laertes, and not that she was childless. Dolius, the slave, had a wife and family in the household of Laertes (Od. xxiv, 389). Moreover, if the apportioning of awards mentioned in Od., xxi, 214 (ἄξομαι ἀμφοτέροις ἀλόχους) were a matter of custom, would not the faithful Eurycleia have served as a very special prize? Cf.Buchholz, Die Hom. Realien, Leipzig, 1881, vol. II, Pt. 2, p. 24.

18.Ibid., xi, 448.

Note.—Seymour (Life in the Homeric Age, N. Y., 1914, p. 139), objects to this on the ground that “nothing indicates that she (Eurycleia) ever bore a child and could have served as a wet-nurse.” The wordsεὐνῇ δ’ οὔ ποτ’ ἔμικτο(Od. I, 433) merely show that Eurycleia was not the concubine of Laertes, and not that she was childless. Dolius, the slave, had a wife and family in the household of Laertes (Od. xxiv, 389). Moreover, if the apportioning of awards mentioned in Od., xxi, 214 (ἄξομαι ἀμφοτέροις ἀλόχους) were a matter of custom, would not the faithful Eurycleia have served as a very special prize? Cf.Buchholz, Die Hom. Realien, Leipzig, 1881, vol. II, Pt. 2, p. 24.

19. Od., vii, 9.

20.Ibid., i, 430. Cf. also xv, 428.

21. Il., 389.

22. Od., xv, 427–444.

23.Ibid., xxii, 421.

24.Ibid., ii, 345.

25.Ibid., xxiii, 24.

26. Od., vii, 10.

27.Ibid., xx, 1–4.

28. Hom., Hymn to Dem., 141ff.

29. Hom., 166ff.

30. Hom., Hymn to Aphrod., 113ff.

31. Herodotus, vi, 61.

32. Euripides, Medea, 49.

33. Aeschylus, Cho., 750; Eur., Hipp., 698.

34. Eur., Hipp., 649.; And., 812.

35.Ibid., Med., 49.

36.Ibid., Med., 65:μή, πρὸς γενείου, κρύπτε σύνδουλον, σέθεν.

37. Hipp., 324.

38. Med., 54.

39. Troades, 195ff.

40. Dem., lvii, 42.

41.Ibid., lvii, 35.

42.Ibid., xlvii, 35ff.

43. Plato, Laws, 790A.

44. Samia, 21ff.

45. Capps, Four Plays of Menander, Boston, 1910, pp. 15, 239.

46. C. I. A., ii, 2729.

47.ἐλακωνομάνουν ἅπαντες ἄνθρωποι τότε.

48. Aristoph., Lys. 80–1. Cf. also Xen., Rep. Lac., I, 4.

49. Lyc., 16.

50. Alc., 1.

51. C. I. A., ii., 3111.

52. C. I. A., ii, 3097.

53. Epigram liv.

54. Theocritus,Ibid., ii, 70.

55. Theocritus, Epigram xx.

56. Pseudo-Plutarch, De Liberis Educandis, § 5.

57.Ibid.

58. Apollonius Rhodius, iv, 1309–10.

59. Callimachus, Jove, 15. Cf. also Soranus, I, xxviii, 81. For the practice of “dipping” the child, see Newman, “Politics of Aristotle,” Oxford, 1902, vol. 3, p. 481ff.

60. Plutarch, Lyc., 26.

61. Baumeister, Denkmäler. Leipzig, 1885, vol. I, p. 4.

62. Olymp. I, 40–1.

63. Hom. H. to Mer., 151, 237, 306; Apollod., III., 10. 2; Plaut. Truc. 13, Amph. 52.

64. Conze, Die Attischen Grabreliefs. Berlin 1893–, 405, 302, 276, Taf. lxiv, etc.

65. Hom. H. to Apollo, 121, 122.

66. Pind., Pyth., IV., 203:σπαργάνοις ἐν πορφυρέοις.

67.Ibid., Nem., I., 58.

68. Theog., 485.

69. Cf. Aeschy., Coeph., 529, 544; Eur., Ion, 32, 1351, 1598.

70.Aelian, Var. Hist., II, 7.

71. Plaut., Amphit., 1104.

72. Laws, 789E. In the third centuryA. D., the child was swaddled from forty to sixty days. Cf. Soranus, Gynæcia, ed. Rose, for this and other details of later usage.

73. Plut.,Op. Cit.

74. Eurip., Ion, 1420ff.

75. Il., xxii, 83; xvi, 203; Od., xi, 448; Soph., Ajax, 849: Lysis, De Caed. Erat., 9.

76. Od., xix, 482; Dem., lvii, 42; Callim., Dem., 90, Ep. 54; Men., Sam., 32.

77. Eur., Hipp., 698, Cf. also Aul. Gel., 12, 5.

78. Pseudo-Plut., De. Lib. Ed., § 5.

79. Athen., vi, 9.

80. Menech., 19–21.

81. Adelphi, 979.

82. Dem.,Op. Cit.

83. Geoponica, v. 13, 4.

84. Crito, 50D.

85. Laws, 887D.

86. Rep., 460D.

87. Hist. An., vii, 12.

88. Hist. An., vii, 10.

89. Pol., vii, 17.

90. De Somno., iii.

91. Orat., 4, 155R.

92.De Aere, Aquis, Locis., I, 542.

93. Athen., vi, 51.

94. Athen., xiii, 85. Cf. Arist., Pol., vii, 17.

95. Pindar, Olymp., vi, 45; Schol. Aristoph., Thesm., 506; Apoll., Rhod., iv., 1136; Callim., Jove, 40.

96. Athen., iii, 15.

97. Cf. also Aristophanes, Lysistrata, 18–19.

98. Aristotle, Rhet., iii, 4.

99. Adv. Math., ii, 42. Cf. also Theophr., Char., 20.

100. Aristoph., Knights, 716. Cf. also Plut., Rom., 2.

101. Athen., xii, 40.

102. Il., vi, 467.

103.Ibid., vi, 389, 400.

104. Il., xxii, 503ff.

105. Od., xix, 401.

106. Hom. H. to Dem., 141.

107. Herod., vi, 61.

108. Eur., Iph. in Taur., 835.

109. Eurip., Electra, 1125ff.

110. Athen., iv, 16.

111. Laws, 789E.

112. Plato, Timaeus, 52D.

113. Pol., vii, 17.

114. Laws, 789E.

115. Varro, Ling. Lat., ix, 5.

116. Cf. also Aristotle, Pol., vii, 17.

117. § 5.

118. Plut., De Virtute, § 2.

119. Rep., 377C.

120. Galen, De Temperamentis, ii, 578.

121. Theoc., Idylls, xxiv., 10.

122. Panofka, T. Manners and Customs of the Greeks. London, 1849, Plate xi, 1.

123. Arist., Poetics, 16.

124. Plut., Rom., 3. Cf. also Eur., Ion, 1398.

125. Callimachus, Jove, 48.

126. Schol. on Cal., Jove, 48. Etym. Mag. s. v.λεῖκνον.

127. Hesychius, s. v.λικνίτης.

128. Winckelmann, Mon. Ined., Pl. 53.

129. Hom. H. to Hermes, 254.

130.Blümmer, H. Leben und Sitten der Griechen, Fig. 60.

131. Athen., xiii, 85.

132. Stobaeus, Flor., 98, 72.

133. Pollux, Onomasticon, ix, 27. Cf. Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Pt. vi, Lond., 1908, 852, fr. 1.

134. Heydemann, Griechische Vasenbilder, Taf. 8.

135. Plut., Consol. ad. Ux., § 22.

136. Curculio, v, 2, 45.

137. Poen., 29–30.

138. Vitruvius, De Architectura, iv, 1, 9.

139. Aeschylus, Choe., 750ff.

140. Menander, Samia, 31–3. (Capps.)

141. Plato, Rep., 343A.

142. Plut., De Consol., § 6.

143. Aeschy., Ag., 723.

144. Eur., Orestes, 462ff.

145. Timarch., 139.

146.Plut., De disc. amico ab adul., § 28.

147. Epict., Diss., xix.

148. Soph., Phil., 704.

149. Laws, 792A.

150. Polit., vii., 17, 6.

151. § 10.

152. Hom., Hymn to Dem., 227.

153. Plut., Symp., v, 7, 3.

154. Pliny, N. H., xxviii, 38.

155. Ep. i. ad Cor., Hom., 12, 7.

156. Quintilian, i, 1, 16.

157. Laws, 794C.

158. Lucian, Hermotim., 82.

159. Od., vii., 13.

160. Eur., Hipp., 698ff.

161. Bruges, Greek Anthology, London, 1893, cxxxii.

162. This tale was written by Callimachus in his Aetia. There is a prose résumé by Aristaenetus, Bk. I, Ep. 10. Cf. Ovid., Ep. 21.

163. Ovid, Ep. 18.

164. Apollonius Rhodius, I, 667ff.

165.Ibid., I., 269ff.

166. Od., I., 427ff.

167.Ibid., xvii, 31ff.

168.Ibid., ii, 349ff.

169.Ibid., xx, 135.

170.Ibid., xix, 21ff.

171.Ibid., xix, 468.

172.Ibid., ii, 349, xix, 482.

173. Aeschylus, Choe.,l. c.

174. Demeter, 90.

175. Menander, Samia,l. c.

176. Demosth., In Evergum,l. c.

177. Cf. Chap. V.

178. Od., xv, 420.

179. Od., xx, 149.

180.Ibid., xxii, 420–5.

181.Ibid., ii, 345ff.

182.Ibid., ii, 349ff.

183.Ibid., ii, 352.

184. Hom., H. to Demeter, 103–4; 142–4.

185. Eur., Medea, 60.

186.Ibid., 90.

187. Menander, Samia, 40. (Capps.)

188. Od., I, 435.

189. Od., xix, 354.

190.Ibid., xix, 471.

191. vi., 61.

192. Frag. 42. (Bergk.)

193. Pyth., xi, 28.

194. Choe., 738–82.

195. Medea, 52.

196. Soph., Trach., 871ff.

197. Hipp., 698.

198. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, pt. VI, Euripides, Hyps., fr. 60.

199. M., ii, 1965.

200. Samia, 40ff. St. Paul instances the nurse as the examplar of gentleness; but “nurse” here is usually interpreted “mother.” Cf. I. Thess., ii, 7.ὡς ἐὰν τροφὸς θάλῃ τὰ ἑαυτῆς τέκνα.

201. De Vitiosa Pudore, § 2.

202. Florelegium, 98, 72.

203. Knights, 717.

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