1)Nicolai Leoniceni, Vicentini, etJoannis Almenar, Hispani, 1. de morbo Gallico,Angeli Bolognini, Bononiensis, de cura ulcerum exteriorum et unguentis communibus in solutione continui lib. II.Alexandri BenedictiVeronensis, 1. de pestilenti febre,Dominici Massariae, Vicentini, de ponderibus et mensuris medicinalibus lib. III. Papiae ex offic. Bernhardini de Garaldis. MDXVI. fol.
(Nicholas Leonicenus, of Vicenza, andJoannes Almenar, Spaniard, “On Syphilis”;Angelas Bologninus, of Bologna, “On the Treatment of External Ulcers and on Common Ointments applied in Breach of Continuity”,—2 books;Alexander Benedictus, of Verona, “On Malignant Fever”;Dominic Massaria, of Vicenza, “On Medical Weights and Measures”,—3 books. Pavia (printed by Bernhardinus de Garaldis) 1516. fol.).
The Work is rare; and appears only to have been seen byAstruc, II. p. 623. Comp.Girtanner, II. p. 41.Gruner, Aphrodisiac. pt. IV.
2)Nicolai Massae, Veneti, Artium et Medicinae Doctoris, Liber de morbo Gallico, mira ingenii dexteritate conscriptus.Joannis Almenar, Valentini Hispani, Philosophi ac Medici, Liber perutilis de morbo Gallico, VII capitulis quidquid desideratur complectens.Nicolai Leoniceni, Vicentini, fidissimi Galeni interpretis, compendiosa ejusdem morbi cura.Angeli Bolognini, Medici eximii, libellus de cura ulcerum exteriorum: et de unguentis in soluta continuitate a Modernis maxime usitatis, in quibus multa ad curam Morbi Gallici pertinentia inserta sunt s. l. MDXXXII 8.
(Nicholas Massa, of Venice, Doctor of Arts and Medicine, “Treatise on Syphilis,—a Work of extraordinary Hability and Competence”.Joannes Almenar, of Valencia (in Spain), Philosopher and Physician, “A Treatise of the greatest Utility on Syphilis, embracing in Seven Chapters all Information required”;Nicholas Leonicenus, of Vicenza, the most faithful Translator of Galen, “Compendious Treatment of Syphilis”;Angelus Bologninus, a highly renowned Physician, “Pamphlet on the Treatment of External Ulcers: and on Ointments applied in Broken Continuity as mostly Employed by the Moderns, wherein are included many Particulars concerning the Treatment of Syphilis.” (no place of publication) 1532. 8vo.).
This Work was in the Sloane (Sir Hans Sloane), and in the Trew (Christopher James Trew) Libraries.Astruc, II. p. 652. conjectures that the book was printed at Venice; whichHaller, Bibliotheca Med. Pract. (Library of Medical Practice), I. p. 535. wrongly gives as proved.—Comp.Girtanner, II. p. 70.,Gruner, Aphrod. p. V.
3)Liber de morbo Gallico, in quo diversi celeberrimi in tali materia scribentes medicinae continentur auctores, videlicetNicolaus Leonicenus, Vicentinus.Ulrichus de HuttenGermanus.Petrus Andreas Matheolo, Senensis.Laurentius Phrisius.Joannes Almenar, Hispanus.Angelus Bologninus.Venetiis per Joannem Patavinum et Venturinum de Ruffinellis. Anno Domini MDXXXV. 8.
(“Treatise on Syphilis,” in which the various most Celebrated Authors writing on that Department ofMedicine are contained viz.Nicholas Leonicenus, of Vicenza;Ulrich von Hütten, German;Petrus Andreas Matheolo, of Sienna;Laurentius Phrisius;Joannes Almenar, Spaniard;Angelus Bologninus. Venice, printed by Joannes Patavinus and Venturinus de Ruffinellis. Anno Domini 1535. 8vo.).
In the copy from the Sloane Library whichAstruc, II. p. 659., had before him, was, printed on the same paper and with the same type, although the Title-page made no mention of it:Nicholas Poll, Medicinae Professoris et Sacrae Caesareae Majestatis Physici, Libellus de Cura Morbi Gallici per lignum Guajacanum (Nicholas Poll, Professor of Medicine and Physician to the Holy Roman Emperor, Pamphlet “On the Treatment of Syphilis by the Guajac wood”.Gruner, Aphrod. p. V., who possessed the same edition, does not mention this, but says the book is printed without pagination, and that each book has a separate Title (nova cuique libro inscriptione praefixa,—a fresh Title being prefixed to each book), so that a Part might easily be missing.TrewandHensleralso possessed the Work. Comp.Girtanner, II. p. 73.
4)Morbi Gallici curandi ratio exquisitissimaa variis iisdemque peritissimis medicis conscripta: nempePetro Andrea Matheolo, Senensi.Joanne Almenar, Hispano.Nicolao Massa, Veneto.Nicolao Poll, Caesareae Majestatis Physico.Benedicto de Victoriis, Faventino. Hic accessitAngeli Bologninide ulcerum exteriorum medela opusculum perquam utile. Ejusdem de unguentis ad cujusvis generis maligna ulcera conficiendis lucubratio. Cum indice rerum omnium quae in curationem cadere possunt copiosissimo. Basileae apud Joann. Bebelium. MDXXXVI. 299 S. 4.
(“The Most Approved Method of treating Syphilis;” by Several and these the Most skilful Doctors, viz.Peter Andreas Matheolo, of Sienna;Joannes Almenar, Spaniard;Nicholas Massa, of Venice;Nicholas Poll,Physician to His Imperial Majesty;Benedictus de Victoriisof Faenza. To this is added:Angelus Bologninus, On the Medical Treatment of External Ulcers,—a Pamphlet of the Highest Utility. By the Same Author, Treatise on the Compounding of Ointments against Malignant Ulcers of every Kind. With a most Copious Index of all Matters incidental to the Treatment. Bâle, published by Joann. Bebelius, 1536. pp. 299. 4to.).
This Edition, according to the Dedication toAdam Bresinius(Basil. Idibus Martii 1536.—Bâle, 15th March 1536.), was seen through the press byJoseph Tectanderfrom Cracow. The Tract ofBenedictus de Victoriisincluded in it is a College Exercise which Tectander had had copied down and printed without the author’s knowledge. Comp.Astruc, II. p. 266.—Girtanner, II. p. 74.—Gruner, Aphrod. p. V.
A pirated impression of this Edition appeared at Lyons: Lugduni 1536, expensis Scipionis de Gabiano et fratrum, mense Augusto,—(Lyons 1536, at the cost of Scipio de Gabiano and his Brothers, August) pp. 280, and 16. (printed in cursives). Comp.AstrucII. p. 660. andH. Choulant, Fracastori Siphilis. Leipzig 1830. p. 8.
5)De morbo Gallico omnia quae extant apud omnes medicos cujuscunque nationis, qui vel integris libris, vel quoque alio modo hujus affectus curationem methodice aut empirice tradiderunt, diligenter hinc inde conquisita, sparsim inventa, erroribus expurgata et in unum tandem hoc corpus redacta [ab Aloysio Luisino, Utinensi]. In quo de ligno Indico, Salsa Perillia, Radice Chyne, Argento vivo, ceterisque rebus omnibus ad hujus luis profligationem inventis, diffusissima tractatio habetur. Cum indice locupletissimo rerum omnium scitu dignarum, quae in hoc volumine continentur. Opus hac nostra aetate, quo Morbi Gallici vis passim vagatur, apprime necessarium. Catalogum scriptorum sexta pagina comperies. [Sebast. Aquilanus,Nicol.Leonicenus,Nic. Massa,Natal. Montesaurus,Anton. Scanarolus,Jac. Cataneus,Joan. Benedictus,Hier. Fracastorius,Georg. Vella,Joan. Paschalis,Nic. Poll,Petr. Andr. Mathaeolus,Ulr. ab Hutten,Wendelinus Hock de Brackenau,Coradinus Gilinus,Laurent. Phrisius,Gonsalvus Fernandez de Oviedo,Joan. Almenar,Aloysius Lobera,Leonh. Schmaus,Petr. Maynardus,Anton Benivenius,Alphons. Ferrus,Joan de Vigo,Anton. Gallus,Casp. Torella,Joan. Bapt. Montanus,Andr. Vesalius,Leonhard. Fuchsius,Joan. Manardus,Joan. Fernelius,Benedictus Victorius,Amatus Lusitanus,Anton. Musa Brassavolus,Alex. Fontana,Nic. Macchellus,Hier. Cardanus,Gabr. Fallopius,Ant. Fracantianus,Joan. Langius,Petr. Bayr]. Tomusprior. Venetiis apud Jordanum Zilettum. 1566. 8. 736 u. 28 S. fol.
De morbo gallico Tomus posterior, in quo medicorum omnium celebrium universa monumenta ad hujus morbi cognitionem et curationem attinentia, quae hucusque haberi potuerunt nunquam alias impressa, nunc primum conjecta sunt. Cum indice locupletissimo rerum omnium scitu dignarum, quae in hoc volumine continentur. Catalogum scriptorum quarta pagina comperies. [Bartholomaeus Montagnana,Martin. Brocardus,Benedict. Rinius,Francisc. Frizimelica,Petr. Trapolinus,Bernard Tomitanus,J. Sylvius,Mich. J. Paschalius,Prosp. Borgarutius,Bartholom. Maggius,Alex. Trajan. Petronius]. Venetiis MDLXVII. ex officina Jordani Ziletti. 24 u. 216 S. fol.
Appendix tomi prioris de morbo gallico, in quo, qui eidem jam antea destinati fuerant, reliqui congesti sunt autores. Cum indice rerum memorabilium in eo contentarum abunde amplo et copioso. Catalogum scriptorum quarta pagina comperies.[Anton. Chalmeteus,Leonh. Botallus,Dominic. Leonus,Augerius Ferrerius,Petr. Haschardus,Guilielmus Rondeletius,Dionys. Fontanonus,Jos. Struthius]. Venetiis MDLXVII. Ex officina Jord. Ziletti. 4, 96 und 6 S. fol.
(“On Syphilis—All Works Extant on this Subject by All Doctors of Every Nation, who whether in separate Books or in any other Manner have dealt methodically or empirically with its Treatment, carefully compiled from various Sources, with original remarks interspersed, and errors removed, the Whole arranged for the first time in One Work, (byAloysius Luisinus, of Udine,—Friuli). In which India wood (Ironwood, Guajac), Sarsaparilla, China Root, Quicksilver, and all other means discovered for the destruction of this contagion, are most copiously considered. With a very full Index of all Matters worthy of note contained in this Volume. A Work pre-eminently necessary in our Day when the infection of this Complaint is so widely diffused. List of Authors will be found on page 6. First Volume. Venice, published by Jordanus Ziletti, 1566. 8vo. 736, and 28. fol.
“On Syphilis,” Second Volume,—in which are included all the Works of all the Celebrated Doctors concerning the Diagnosis and Treatment of this Disease that have been thus far obtainable, now for the first time printed. With a very full Index of all Matters worthy of note contained in this Volume. List of Authors will be found on page 4. Venice 1567, (printed by Jordanus Ziletti). pp. 24, and 216. fol.
Appendix to First Volume “On Syphilis”, in which are collected the remaining Authors intended from the first to be included, but not hitherto printed. With a most ample and copious Index of noteworthy Matters contained therein. List of Authors will be found on page 4. Venice 1567 (printed by Jord. Ziletti. pp. 4, 96, and 6. fol.)
Astruc, II. p. 780., rightly censures the unsystematic arrangement of the different Writings, the omission of Prefaces, Dedications and indeed all matter except the actual texts. This edition received subsequently a new Title-page, as is shown, according toAstruc, II. p. 846., by the fact that not only does the number of pages, lines and words closely agree with the above mentioned edition, but also at the end of the First Part the name of the printer Ziletti occurs with the date 1556. The new Title reads as follows:—
“Aphrodisiacussivede lue venerea in duo volumina bipartitus, continens omnia quaecunque hactenus de hac re sunt ab omnibus Medicis conscripta, ubi de ligno Indico, Salsa parillia, Radice Chinae, Mercurio ceterisque omnibus ad hujus luis profligationem inventis, diffusissima tractatio habetur ab excellenteAloysio Luisino, Utinensi Medico celeberrimo novissime collecta. Venet. apud Baretium et socios. 1599. fol.
(“Aphrodisiacus: or A Treatise on the Venereal Disease,—in Two Volumes, containing all that has been written on this subject to the present day by all Doctors, and in which Indian wood (Ironwood, Guajac), Sarsaparilla, China Root, Mercury and all other remedies discovered for the Destruction of this Disease are most fully treated, compiled and newly edited by the excellentAloysius Luysinus, a Celebrated Physician of Udine,—Friuli. Venice, published by Baretius and Associates, 1599. fol.
6)Aphrodisiacussivede lue venerea; in duos tomos bipartitus, continens omnia quaecunque hactenus de hac re sunt ab omnibus Medicis conscripta. Ubi de Ligno Indico, Salsa Perilla, Radice Chynae, Argento vivo, ceterisque rebus omnibus ad hujus luis profligationem inventis, diffusissima tractatio habetur. Opus hac nostra aetate, qua Morbi Gallici vis passim vagatur apprime necessarium: ab excellentissimoAloysio LuisinoUtinensi, Medicoceleberrimo novissime collectum, indice rerum omnium scitu dignarum adomatum. Editio longe emendatior, et ab innumeris mendis repurgata. Tomus primus et secundus. Lugd. Batav. apud. Joann. Arnold. Langerak et Joh. et Herm. Verbeck. MDCCXXVIII. 1366 gespaltene Seiten, ohne 11 Blatt Vorrede und 10-1/2 Blatt Index. fol.
(“Aphrodisiacus: or A Treatise on the Venereal Disease,—in Two Volumes, containing all that has been written on this subject to the present day by all Doctors. In which Indian wood (Ironwood, Guajac), Sarsaparilla, China Root, Quicksilver and all other remedies discovered for the Destruction of this Disease are most fully treated. A Work pre-eminently necessary in our Day when the infection of this Complaint is so widely diffused; the whole collected for the first time by the most excellentAloysius Luisinus, of Udine,—(Friuli), a most famous Physician, and provided with an Index of all Matters worthy of note. Much improved Edition, freed from very numerous errors. Vols. I and II. Leyden, published by Joann. Arnold. Langerak and Joh. and Herm. Verbeck, 1728. pp. 1366, besides 11 leaves Preface and 10-1/2 leaves Index. fol.
Is, asAstruc, II. p. 1071., justly observes, a mere reprint of the Venice edition, the only alteration being that the Appendix to the First Part is added immediately after the First Part. Comp.Choulant, p. 9. The Preface at the beginning by Boerhave contains his views on the Venereal Disease, and has been several times since printed separately and translated.
7)Daniel Turner: Aphrodisiacus, containing a Summary of the Ancient Writers on the Venereal Disease, under the following heads: I. of its Original; II. of the Symptoms; III. of the various Methods of cure. London, printed for John Clarke. MDCCXXXVI. 8vo.
An Abridgement from the “Aphrodisiacus” ofLuisinus, arranged under the three heads named on the Title-page. (Astruc, II. p. 1110.)
8)John Armstrong: A Synopsis of the history and cure of the Venereal Disease. London 1737. 8vo.
Another Abridgement from Luisinus. (Girtanner, iii. p. 430.)
9)Aphrodisiacus sive de lue venereain duas partes divisus, quarum altera continet ejus vestigia in veterum auctorum monimentis obvia, altera quos Aloysius Luisinus temere omisit scriptores et medicos et historicos ordine chronologico digestos, collegia notulis instruxit, glossarium indicemque rerum memorabilium subjecitD. Christianus Gothofredus Gruneretc. Jenae apud Christ. Henr. Cunonis heredes. MDCCLXXXVIIII. XIV. 166 und 16 S. fol.
(“Aphrodisiacus: or A Treatise on the Venereal Disease, divided into two parts, whereof the one contains Traces of this Disease to be met with in the Writings of Ancient Authors, the other Those Writers, whether Doctors or Historians, whomAloysius Luisinushas without sufficient reason omitted, arranged in chronological order. Collected and edited, with Notes, Glossary, and Index of noteworthy Matters, byD. Christianus Gothofredus Gruner, etc. Jena, published by heirs of Christ. Henr. Cuno. 1789. pp. XIV, 166 and 16. fol.).
A second additional Title-page bears: Volume Third. In the Preface Gruner accepts the Moorish origin of the Disease, which he further maintains in the Book itself, and gives a survey of the Bibliography. In the first Part he gives the passages from the Bible, the Greek, Roman, Arabic and Arabist Works, so far as they had been discovered at that time. The second Part contains the Works wanting or imperfectly given in Luisinus’ Collection, and passages from the following Authors: “Joan Nauclerus,Steph. Infessura,Petr. Delphinius,Joan. Burchardus,Philipp. Beroaldus,Alex. Benedictus,Conrad. Schelling,Jac. Wimphelingius,Chronicon Monasterii Mellicensis,Joan. Salicetus,Marcellus Cumanus,Chronica von Cöln,Joan. Trithemius,Universitas Manuasca.Sebast. Brant,Joh. Grünbeck,Decretum Senatus Parisiensis,Proclamatio Anglica,Joan. Sciphover de Meppis,Bartholom. Steber,Simon Pistoris,Anton. Benivenius,Petr. Pinctor,Joan. Bapt. Fulgosus,Christoph. Columbus,Petr. Martyr,Franciscus Roman. Pane,Elias Capreolus,M. Anton. Coccius Sabellicus,Albericus Vesputius,Wendelinus Hock de Brackenau,Petr. Crinitus Linturius,Clementius Clementinus,Joan. Vochs,Angel. Bologninus,Francisc. Guiccardinus,Berlerus,Leo Africanus,Petr. Bembus,Paul. Jovius,Joan. de Vigo,Symphor. Champegius,Francisc. Lopez de Gomara,Ulric. ab Hutten,Desider. Erasmus,Missa de ben. Job.,Joannes le Maire,Gonsalvus Ferdinandus de Oviedo,Joan. de Bourdigne,Joan. Ludov. Vives,Aureolus Theophr. Paracelsus,Magnus Hundt,Leonh. Fuchs,Sebast. Frank,Sebast. Montuus,Joan. Bapt. Theodosius,Hieron. Benzonus,Petr. de Cieça de Leon,Joan. Fernelius,Michael Angel. Blondus,Augustin. de Zaratte,Joan. Stumpf,Rodericus Diacius Insulanus,Hieron. Montuus.”
10)De morbo gallico scriptores medici et historici partim inediti partim rari et notationibus aucti. Accedunt morbi galliciorigines maranicae. Collegit, edidit. glossario et indice auxitD. Christ. Gothofr. Gruner. Jenae sumptibus bibliopolii academici 1793. XVIII. XXXVI. 624. S. 8.
(“Medical and Historical Writers on Syphilis” some not before published, others rare, with Notes. To which are added MoorishSourcesof Syphilis. Collected and edited, with the addition of a Glossary and Index, byD. Christ Gothofr. Gruner. Jena, at the cost of the University Press, 1793. pp. XVIII, XXXVI, 624. 8vo.).
Forms the second Supplement to the Collection of Luisinus, and contains Works and passages from the following Authors, etc.: “Ancient Laws of Nüremberg,” “Matthaeus Landauer,Julianus Tanus(de saphati),Antonius Codrus,Anonymi prognosticatio,Jacob. Unrestus,Bilibaldus Birkheimer,Augustinus Niphus,Hieron. Emser,Philipp. Beroaldus,Leonard. Giachinus,Janus Cornarius,Thomas Rangonus,Joan. Anton. Rovellus(de patursa),Remaclus Fuchs,Aloysius Mundella,Anton. Fumanellus,Hier. Cardanus,Hier. Bonacossus,Bernard. Corius,Joan. Langius,Joach. Curaeus,Joan. Hessus,Thom. Erastus,Achill. Pirmin. Gasserus,Joan. Crato,Thom. Jordanus(luis novae Moravia exortae descriptio,—Description of new Disease and its Moorish Origin). “Comp. N. allg. deutsch. Bibl. Vol. IX. p. 183.”
11)D. Christ. Goth. GrunerSpicilegium scriptorum de morbo gallico. Spic. I-XV. Jenae 1799-1802. 4.
(D. Christ. Goth. Gruner, “Selection of Writers on Syphilis”, Selections, I-XV. Jena 1799-1802. 4to.).
This third Supplement to Luisinus was never regularly published; the separate Selections were issued as “Programs” in connection with the Public Announcements of Doctorial Graduations in the Faculty of Medicine at Jena. Selections I-VI. contain Investigations as to the History and Nature of the Disease; VII-XI. Passages from the Poems and Letters ofConrad Celte, from a Letter ofAlbertDurr, from Symphorian. (Champerius, Vocabulorum Medicorum Epitoma); XII, Passages from the Poems ofHenric. Bebelius,Hel. Eoban. Hessusand a quotation from a Work ofPetr. Parvus; XIII, XIV. Passage fromErasmus,Jac. von Bethencourt,Jo. Lud. Vives,Enric. Cordus,Georg,Bersmannus,Engelbert,Werlichius, and the Latin translation of a Fragment from a Book written in the Coptic language which the Society of Missions had sent to Cardinal Borgia;Domeiercommunicated it toBaldingerand the latter handed it on toGrunerto make use of in his Collection.
In Selection XV.Grunermakes some objections against the view expressed byHenslerin his “Program,” “De herpete seu formica Veterum”. This Collection belongs in part to the Works mentioned in the next section (“Historians”), but appears to be little known generally, for it has escaped evenChoulantin his usually complete Survey of the “Scripta Historica de Morbo Gallico”,—Historical Works on Syphilis, in the Edition of the Poem of Fracastor, pp. 5-9.Hacker, p. 20. mentions it indeed, but appears not even to have seen it, as he gives nothing more precise as to its contents.
1)Patin, Carol. Eques. D. Marci Paris. primar. Prof. Luem veneream non esse morbum novum; Oratio habita in Archilyceo Patavino die V. Nvbr. 1687. Patavii 1687. 4.
(Patin, Carolus.of Paris, Chevalier of St. Mark, First Prof. of Surgery at Padua,“The Venereal Disease not a new Complaint: Speech delivered in the High Schools of Padua on Nov. 5th 1687.” Padua 1687. 4to.)
Astruc, II. p. 991., knew this Speech only from a citation ofZach. Platner, who equally had not seen it, and supposed it had probably never appeared, sinceNic. Comnenus Papadopoliin his “historia gymnasii Patavini” (History of the High School of Padua) Vol. I. sect. 2. ch. 25. No. 159., does not mention it at all, though he cites freely fromPatin’sSpeeches and his separate Works.Girtanner, II. p. 279., however cites the complete Title as above; and must consequently have seen the book, though he remarks nothing further about its contents than, “He recapitulates the old well-known Reasons for the Antiquity of the Venereal Disease”. For the rest,Patinseems to have taken the main part from theLettres Choisies, Vol. III, Letter 370, p. 95, of his fatherGuy Patin, where the latter defends the antiquity of Venereal Disease.
2) Quaestio medica quodlibetarius disputationibus mane discutienda die Jovis 9 Dcbris 1717.M. Johanne Baptista Fausto Alliot de Mussay, Doctore medico praeside.An Morbus antiquus Syphilis?ProponebatJohannes Franciscus Leaulté, Parisinus, Anno R. S. H. 1717. Typis Johann. Quillau, facultatis medicinae Typographi. 8 Blatt. 4.
(“Medical Question to be discussed in open disputation for and against in the morning, Thursday, 9th of December 1717.M. Joannes Baptista Faustus Alliot de Mussay, Doctor of Medicine, presiding:—Is Syphilis an Ancient Disease?Raised byJohannes Franciscus Leaultéof Paris. 1717. Printed by Johann. Quillau, Printer to the Faculty of Medicine. 8 leaves. 4to.)
According toAstruc, II. p. 1054., this Dissertation consists of 8 Corollaries, of which only the fifth seeks to establish the antiquity of Venereal Disease, arguing from:Horace, Odes bk. I. 37. Sat. bk. I.5. 62 (morbus campanus,—the Campanian disease);Juvenal, Sat II.;Martial, Epigr. bk. I. 66.;Tacitus, Annals bk. IV.;Suetonius, Vita Octav. Augusti ch. 80.;Lucian, Pseudologista;Valerius Maximus, Memorab. bk. III. ch. 5.;Lucius Apuleius, Metamorphos. bk. X. The refutation given byAstrucrepeats almost word for wordGirtannervol. II. p. 357-363., though he gives it, as usual, as his own Production.
3)Becket, William. An attempt to prove the Antiquity of the Venereal Disease long before the discovery of the West-Indies. In Philosophical Transactions. Vol. XXX. 1718. No. 357. p. 839.—A letter to Dr.W. Wagstaffeconcerning the antiquity of the Venereal Disease. Ibid. Vol. XXXI. 1720. No. 365. p. 47.—A letter toDr. Halley, in answer to some objections made to the history of the Venereal disease. No. 366. p. 108.
In EnglandNic. Robinson, “A New Treatise of the Venereal Disease”, in three parts, London 1736. 8 vols., Pt. I. ch. 1., seeks to further confirm the Reasons laid down byBecketfor the antiquity of the Disease. According toAstruc, vol. II. p. 1058,Sir Hans Sloane, “Voyage to the Islands of Madeira, Barbadoes, Nevis, St. Christopher and Jamaica, with the Natural History,” London 1707. fol., Vol. I. in the Introduction, pp. 2, 3., would seem to have already indicated the most important passages cited byBecket.
4)Sanchez, (Antonio Nunhez Ribeiro) Dissertation sur l’origine de la maladie vénérienne, pour prouver: que le mal n’est pas venu d’Amérique, mais qu’il a commencé en Europe, par une Epidémie. à Paris chezDurandetPissot. MDCCLII. 110 S. 8. Reprinted 1765. 12.
(Sanchez, Antonio Nunhez Ribeiro.“Dissertation on the Origin of the Venereal Disease, to prove: that the Malady did not come from America, but that it began in Europe by an Epidemic.” Paris, publishedby Durand and Pissot. 1752. pp. 110. 8vo. Reprinted 1765. 12mo.)
The first issue of this Work published without the name of the Author, must have been ready, as early as the year 1750, for not only is the “Privilegium” (licence to print) subscribed in that year (August and October), but also Sanchez says himself in the Preface to the second Part that this First Part had appeared in Paris in 1750, published by Durand. It runs thus: “M.Castro, Médecin de Londres, ayant traduit en Anglais une dissertation avec ce titre: Sur l’origine de la Maladie Vénérienne; imprimée à Paris, chez Durand 1750, envoya un Exemplaire de la traduction à M. le Baron de Van-Swieten”,—M.Castro, Physician in London, having translated into English a Dissertation entitled:On the Origin of the Venereal Disease; printed at Paris 1750, and published by Durand, sent a Copy of the Translation to the Baron Van-Swieten). The Title of this English Translation is: “A Dissertation on the Origin of Venereal Disease; proving that it was not brought from America, but began in Europe by an Epidemical Distemper. Translated from the original MS. by an Eminent Physician”. London 1751. 8vo. According to this the Translation must have appeared very nearly at the same time as the original.—A German Translation came out under the Title: “Treatise on the Origin of the Venereal Disease, in which is proved: that this Evil did not come from America, but took its beginning in Europe by an Epidemic,” translated from the French; edited byGeorg Heinrich Weber. Bremen 1775. pp. 94. 8vo.—An Abstract from the Original may be found in: “Commentaria de rebus in scientia naturali et medicina gestis”—(Records of Achievements in Natural Science and Medicine): Supplement. Leipzig 1772. pp. 156-159.—Allgem. deutsche Bibliothek, Vol. 28. p. 461.—Tode, Med. Chir. Bibliothek. Vol. IV. Pt. I. p. 49.—Haller’sTagebuch. Vol. III. p. 331.—The Work itself is divided into 7 Sections.—TheFirst Sectioncontains:Arguments proving that in most parts of Europe the Venereal Disease became known and disseminated since 1493, and last of all in the month of June 1495. pp. 1-10.—Second Section: When did Christopher Columbus discover the Island of Hispaniola and when did he return to Spain from his first and second voyages? pp. 11-20.—Third Section: Did the Venereal Disease come from America at the time of Columbus’ return from his second voyage? pp. 21-39.—Fourth Section: Did the Troops of Fernandez Cordova communicate the Disease to the French? pp. 40-47.—Fifth Section: Answer to some objections that may be raised to prove that Venereal Disease took its origin from America, pp. 47-79.—Sixth Section: Reasons which caused Writers on Venereal Disease since the year 1517 to believe this Malady came from America, pp. 79-87.—Seventh Section: Venereal Disease is an Epidemic Complaint, which began in Italy and almost at the same time spread over France and the rest of Europe, pp. 88-108.—Recapitulation: The Disease existed in Italy and France before Columbus returned from his second Voyage; the Troops of Cordova could not have communicated it to the French, for the two never came into contact; the Disease displayed all the appearance of an Epidemic; the discovery of the drug “Guajac” gave occasion to the assumption of the American origin of the Disease.—Van Swieten, who had received the English Translation sent to him by Castro, only ought to weaken the proofs brought forward in this book in his “Commentar. in Boerhavi Aphorismos” (Commentary on Boerhaave’s Aphorisms), Leyden 1772., Vol. V. pp. 373 sqq., which occasionedSanchezto issue the following Work, also published anonymously.
5) Examen historique sur l’apparition de la maladie vénérienne en Europe, et sur la nature de cette epidémie. A Lisbonne MDCCLXXIV. pp. VIII. and 83. 8vo.
(“Historical Inquiry concerning the First Appearance of the Venereal Disease in Europe, and the Nature of that Epidemic.” Lisbon 1774. pp. VIII, and 83. 8vo.).
H. Dav. Gaubiushad this Work again re-printed together with the preceding (Leyden 1777. 8vo.) and a Preface. An English Translation was edited byJos. Skinner. London 1792. 8vo.—The Work falls into 8 Divisions. Div. 1. Extracts from Pet. Pintor, Sebast. Aquitanus, Pet. Delphinus, Petr. Martyr, pp. 1-24.—Div. 2. Symptoms of the so called Venereal Disease, as they were observed in Italy in the month of March 1793 and 1794. pp. 24-31.—Div. 3. In the history of Medicine there is no Description of an epidemic Disease resembling in all its consequences that which invaded Italy, Spain and France in the years 1493 and 1494. pp. 31-42.—Div. 4. The Venereal attacks, which have been observed since the time of Hippocrates, were not the consequence of the inflammatory or chronic Venereal Disease, such as it has been observed since the years 1493 and 1494. pp. 42-45.—Div. 5. On certain passages inAstruc’sbook “On the Venereal Disease”. pp. 45-54.—Div. 6. Conclusions from the passages of Pet. Pintor and Pet. Delphinus concerning the Venereal Epidemic in Italy, France and Spain in the years 1493, 1494. pp. 54-61.—Div. 7. Did the early Voyages who discovered the Harbours and Peoples of North and South America observe the Venereal Disease, and was their Manhood infected with it? pp. 62-72.—Div. 8. On the Spread of infectious Diseases by sea, and the Quarantine observed during the Plague on the different coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. pp. 73-81.—Recapitulation: The Venereal Disease prevailed as a “Febris Pestilentialis” (pestilential fever) in March 1493, and after the arrival of Charles VIII in Italy (1494) took the name of “Morbus Gallicus” (French Complaint); the Venereal affections observed in Antiquity are distinct from theVenereal Disease as known since 1494; the Spaniards imported it into the Antilles, and the French were already infected when they came into Italy, where the Disease had been prevalent before their arrival. The early Voyages mention not a word of having found the Disease among the Savages. America, Africa and the East Indies have never communicated their epidemic and endemic Diseases to Europe; therefore the Venereal Disease cannot have been brought by the Spaniards from America to Europe.—Both Works of Sanchez are now rare. Comp.Girtanner, vol. III. pp. 460-471.—Richter, Chirurg. Bibliothek. vol. III. p. 381.
6)Berdoe, Mermaduke: An essay on the Pudendagra. Bath 1771. 8vo.
Girtanner, vol. III. p. 577., says: the Author has collected everything that is found in the older Writers on the subject of the “Pudendagra”, and shows wherein it is distinct from the Venereal Disease.
7)Ph. Gabr. Hensler, Geschichte der Lustseuche, die zu Ende des XV. Jahrhunderts ausbrach.ErsterBand. Altona 1783. 335. 134 S. 8. Neuer Abdruck oder Titel? 1794.
(Ph. Gabr. Hensler, “History of the Venereal Disease, which broke out at the End of the XVth. Century.” First Volume. Altona 1783. pp. 335 and 134. 8vo. New Impression or new Title? 1794.)
The Work is divided into two Books.First Book: Notices of contemporary Works on Venereal Disease, pp. 1-140. Section I., Works before Leonicenus, pp. 5-26. Sect. II., Works from Leonicenus to Almenar, pp. 27-68. Sec. III., Works of contemporary Writers directed towards diminishing the Disease, pp. 69-140.—Second Book: Description of the Disease. Sec. I., Local Affections. 1. Infection of the private parts, pp. 144-150. 2. Scalding and Urine-Scalding before and at the time of the Attack, pp. 151-168. 3. Discharge from the Penis in Men,pp. 169-203. 4. Discharge in Women, pp. 204-217. 5. Foul Ulcer, pp. 228-244. 6. Abscesses of the groin, pp. 245-264. 7. Local Sequelae of foul Discharge and Ulcer, pp. 265-275. (Swellings of the Testicles, Ulcers of the Urethra, Scalding Urine, Sharp Urine, Ulcers and Fistulae of the Perinaeum, Phimosis and Paraphimosis, Wasting of the Genitals). 8. Other Local Affections of the secret parts, pp. 277-302. (Eruptions, Morbid Growths, Ulcers of the Anus, Piles). 9. Traces of the earlier Taint in non-medical Writers, pp. 307-328.—Forming an Appendix, pp. 1-134, are excerpts fromSchellig,Wimpheling,Cumanus,Brant,Grunpeck,Widmann,Steber,Pinctor,Grünbeck,Benedictus, different Historians of the XVth. and XVIth. Centuries,St. Job, andChrist. Columbus’“Epistola de insulis nuper in mari Indico repertis,” (Letter on the Islands lately discovered in the Indian Sea).
8)Ph. Gabr. Hensler, über den westindischen Ursprung der Lustseuche. Hamburg 1789. 92. 15 S. 8.
(Ph. Gabr. Hensler, “On the West-Indian Origin of the Venereal Disease.” Hamburg 1789. pp. 92 and 15. 8vo.)
Also under the Title: “History of the Venereal Disease etc.” Second Volume, Second Part. The First Part of this Vol., which was to contain the Description of the Disease, never appeared. The Work is particularly directed againstGirtanner; and investigates. (2) The exact Time of the appearance of the Disease in Italy. (3) The eye-witnesses of the importation of Venereal Disease from Hispaniola to Spain. (4) Eye-witnesses of the existence of Venereal Disease in Hispaniola as its home. (5) Testimonies to the fact that Venereal Disease was once endemic on the main-land of America. (6) Later witnesses of the importation into Spain of the Venereal Disease previously endemic in Hispaniola. The proofs are from (pp. 1-15):Oviedo,Welsch,Lopez de Gomara,Roman. Pane,Pedro de Cieça de Leon,Augustin. de Zaratte,Hieron. Benzoni.
9)Phil. Gabr. Hensler, Programma de Herpete seu Formica veterum labis venereae non prorsus experte. Kilon. 1801. 64 S. 8.
(Phil. Gabr. Hensler, ““Program” (College Exercise) on theHerpes(Creeping eruption) orFormicaof the Ancients,—a Malady not unconnected with the Venereal Disease.” Kiel 1801. pp. 64. 8vo.)
This “Program”, whichHenslerwrote on his resignation as Dean and for the Public Announcement of certain Graduations, is divided into 10 Divisions, of which Div. 1 gives a survey of the Contents, Div. 2 considers certain passages from the genuine Writings of Hippocrates (Prorrhetic. 11, 18, 21, “de aere, aquis et locis”—“of the effects of air, water and locality”, II. Aphorism. V. 22.) dealing withHerpes, from which we gather that under the nameHerpeswere understood eating (phagedenic) Ulcers, that theHerpes esthiomenesattacked especially the abdomen and the Genitals, thatEpinyctiswas pre-eminently a disease of adults, whence a suspicion arises of its being communicated by coition. Div. 3 gives medical opinion on the different kinds ofHerpesdown toCelsus. Div. 4 gives the same onEpinyctis, special importance being given to the pains at night. Div. 5 discusses theTheriomaofCelsus(V. 28. 3.), which according toPollux, Onomast. IV. 15., specially affects the Genitals, and is closely akin to theEpinyctis. Div. 6 gives the views ofGalenonHerpes. Div. 7. The Author proceeds to theFormicaof the Arabians, and shows that they have designated several distinct Skin-diseases by this name. Div. 8 treats the views held by Arabic writers down to the XVth. Century; whilst Div. 9 gives the shape these views tookduringthe XVth. Century. In Div. 10Henslerdraws the following conclusions from the evidence he has adduced:Formicawas the same thing as theHerpesof theGreeks; under both names, yet by no means exclusively, were indicated syphilitic affections. Immorality at all periods generated Venereal Disease, which arose at first rather sporadically, but towards the end of the XVth. Century in consequence of its universal diffusion became virtually epidemic. The early neglect of Etiology, as well as the Galenian hypotheses of deteriorations of the humours, stood in the way of the right understanding of the Disease. Venereal Disease is not a single Malady, but a Diathesis (General Condition of Body), which in accordance with time and circumstances may manifest itself in different forms. “Hujusmodi vero lues mihi illaomnisesse videtur, quaeipso coitu, quo quidem loco luis praecipuus focus est, facillime cum aliiscommunicariet ad ipsam prolem propagari possit.Summaejusgeneraesse equidem arbitrorLepram, malum, quodPiansvocant, ipsamque Syphilidem.” “This contagion seems to me to be a general one, and of this sort that it is capable of being very readily communicated to others by the act of coition, where indeed is the chiefnidusof the Disease, and of being propagated even to posterity. Its main forms are, inmyopinion, Leprosy, a Malady calledPians, and Syphilis itself.” (p. 54). ThePianswould seem to be Pox, the seeds of which the Moors disseminated, Syphilis a “Morbus Europae inquilinus” (a Disease native to Europe). The three Diseases are akin, and merge into one another.
10) La America vindicada de la calumnia de haber sido madre del mal venereo. Madrid 1785. 4.
(“America Vindicated from the Calumny of having been the Mother of the Venereal Disease.” Madrid 1785. 4to.)
Sprengelin the Annotations toP. Ant. Perenotti di Cigliano, “Of the Venereal Disease”, p. 348., calls this Work, which would seem to be in the University Library of Göttingen:“a well-written Tract, wherein, from p. 34 onwards, it is demonstrated that Venereal Disease did not come from Hayti.” Comp. Götting. gelehrte Anzeig. 1788. Sect 169 p. 1614.
11)P. Ant. Perenotti di Cigliano, Storia generale dell’ origine dell’ essenza e specifica qualita della infezione venerea. Turin 1788. 8.
(P. Ant. Perenotti di Cigliano, “General History of the Origin, Essence and Specific Quality of the Venereal Contagion”. Turin 1788. 8vo.)
This Work with another of the same Author dealing with the treatment of Venereal Disease was translated into German and furnished with appendices byC. Sprengel, under the Title:P. A. Perenotti di Cigliano, “Of the Venereal Disease, translated from the Italian, with Appendices.” Leipzig 1791. pp. XVI, 384. large 8vo. The Author maintains the antiquity of the Disease.
12)Will. Turnbull, An inquiry into the origin and antiquity of the lues venerea, with observations on its introduction and progress in the Islands of the South-Sea. London 1786. 8vo.
Of this there appeared a German translation byDr. Christ. Friedr. Michaelis. Zittau and Leipzig 1789. pp. 110. large 8vo. The Author maintains the American origin, and especially seeks to confuteBecketandRaynold Forster.
13)Just. Arnemann, De morbo venereo analecta quaedam ex manuscriptis musei Britannici Londinensis. Götting. 1789. 4.
(Just. Arnemann, “Certain Extracts from Manuscripts in the British Museum in London dealing with the Venereal Disease.” Göttingen 1789. 4to.)
This Work contains according toGirtanner, III. p. 733., fresh proofs for the American origin.
14)M. Sarmiento, Antiquitad de los bubas. Madrid 1788. 32 S. 8.
(M. Sarmiento, “Antiquity of Buboes.” Madrid 1788. pp. 32. 8vo.)
Comp. the English Review. 1778. p. 221.—Allgem. Literaturzeitung 1789. vol. II. p. 647.
15)M. S. G. Schmidt, praeside (et auctore)C. Sprengel, de ulceribus virgae tentamen historico-chirurgicum. Halae 1790. 8.
(M. S. G. Schmidt, (Editor and part-Author, C. Sprengel), “On Ulcers of the Penis,—a Historico-Surgical Essay.” Halle 1790. 8vo.)
16)Christ. Gothofr. Gruner, Morbi Gallici origines Maranicae. Progr. Jen. 1793. 4.
(Christ. Gothofr. Gruner, “Moorish Sources of Syphilis”. (University “Program”) Jena 1793. 4to.)
Is re-printed in the above cited, p. 12. No. 10., Collection of “Scriptores de Morbo Gallico” (Writers on Syphilis).
17) Sind die Maranen die wahren Stammväter der Lustseuche von 1493? Im Journal der Erfind., Theorien und Widersprüche in der Natur- und Arzneiwissenschaft. Stück III. Gotha 1793. S. 1-34. Stück IV. Gotha 1794. S. 119-129.
(“Are the Moors the true Parents of the Venereal Disease of 1493?” In the Journal of Discoveries, Theories and Refutations in Natural Science and Medicine. Part III. Gotha 1793. pp. 1-34. Part IV. Gotha 1794. pp. 119-129.)
Both these Papers would seem to have hadProf. Fr. Aug. Hecker, of Erfurt, as Author; and are directed especially against the just mentioned Work ofGruner, and the Moorish origin generally.Grunersought to maintain his views in the following Papers:
18) Die Maranen sind die wahren Stammväter der Lustseuche von 1493; in s.AlmanachJahrgang 1792. S. 51-92.—Geschichte der Maranen und der Eroberung von Granada.EbendaselbstS. 158-196.—Die Maranen dürften doch wohl die Stammväter der Lustseuche von 1493 sein.Ebendas.1793. S. 69-89. 1794. S. 229-268.
(“The Moors are the true Parents of the Venereal Disease of 1493;” in hisAlmanach, Year 1792. pp. 51-92.—“History of the Moors and the Conquest of Granada.” Ibid. pp. 158-199.—The Moors must be admitted the Parents of the Venereal Disease of 1493.” Ibid. 1793. pp. 69-89. 1794. pp. 229-268).
Comp. also some earlier Papers in Year 1784. pp. 224-237, Year 1790 pp. 139-157.
19)Sim. N. H. Linguet, Histoire politique et philosophique de Mal de Naples. Paris 1796. 8.
(Sim. N. H. Linguet, “History, Political and Philosophical, of the Neapolitan Disease.” Paris 1796. 8vo.).
This Work seems to be no longer on the market; at any rate we were unable by any means to procure it
20)C. Sprengel, Ueber den muthmasslichen Ursprung der Lustseuche aus dem südwestlichen Afrika. In dessen Beiträgen zur Geschichte der Medicin. Halle 1796. Bd. I. Hft. 3. S. 61-104.
(C. Sprengel, “On the probable Origin of the Venereal Disease in South-Western Africa.” In his Contributions to the History of Medicine. Halle 1796. Vol. I. Pt. 3. pp. 61-104).
The Author maintains, following up a previous suggestion ofHensler’s, thatYawsandPiansare the original forms of Venereal Disease.
21)J. F. B. Bouillon la Grange, Observations sur l’origine de la maladie vénérienne dans les Isles de la mer du Sud. In Recueil périodique de la societé de Santé. T. I. 1797. 38-47.
J. F. B. Bouillon la Grange, “Observations on the Origin of the Venereal Disease in the Islands of the South Sea.” In Periodical Review of the Health Society. Vol. I. 1797. 38-47).
22)Wilh. Ernest. Christ. Aug. Sickler, Diss. exhibens novum ad historiam luis venereae additamentum. Jenae 1797. (VIII. April.) 32 S. 8.
(Wilh. Ernest. Christ. Aug. Sickler, “Dissertation containing some fresh Material towards a History of the Venereal Disease.” Jena 1797. (Apr. 8.) pp. 32. 8vo.).
The Author here treats some of the passages from the Old Testament referring to the Plague of the Jews that spread amongst them on account of their worshipping Baal Peor, which had not before been used. The little Work seems not to have been made use of by later Writers; neitherHackernorChoulantnote it. The Author’s brother had first called attention to the passages inAugusti“Theologische Blätter”, Gotha, No. 13.
23)Dr. Schaufus, Neueste Entdeckungen über das Vaterland und die Verbreitung der Pocken und der Lustseuche. Leipzig 1805. 160 S. 8.
(Dr. Schaufus, “Latest Discoveries with regard to the Original Home and Dissemination of Pox and Venereal Disease.” Leipzig 1805. pp. 160. 8vo).
Comp.Ehrhardt, Med. Chirurg. Zeitung. Insbruck 1806. Vol. I. p. 375.Pierer, Allgem. Med. Annalen. 1866. p. 364.
The Author derives Venereal Disease from the East Indies and makes the Gypsies bring it to Europe. From p. 65 to the conclusion of the Work he treats fully of the Venereal Disease in the islands of the South Sea, and at the same time gives an exhaustive list of the authorities on this subject.
24)Carol. Sam. Törnberg, Spic. inaug. med. sistens sententiarum de vera morbi gallici origine synopsin historicam. Jenae XXIX. August. 1807. 26 S. 8.
(Carol. Sam. Törnberg, “Selection of Medical “Programs”,—giving a Historical Synopsis of Viewsas to the True Origin of Syphilis.” Jena 29 Aug. 1807. pp. 26. 8vo.).
The Author decides for the American origin, but without adducing anything fresh.
25)J. B. C. Rousseau, New observations on Syphilis, tending to settle the disputes about its importation, by proving that it is a disease of the human race, that has and will always exist among the several Nations of the Globe. InCoxe, Philadelph. med. Museum. 1808. Vol. IV. No. 1. pp. 1-11.
26)H. A. Robertson, Historical Inquiry into the Origin of the Venereal Disease. Pts. I. II. in the London Medical Repository 1814. Vol. II. pp. 112-119, 185-192.
The Author maintains the antiquity of Venereal Disease, but denies that the Malady which prevailed amongst the French at the siege of Naples was true Syphilis; he supposes it rather to have been a fever resembling the Plague accompanied by pustulous eruptions. A later Paper in the same Periodical, 1818. vol. IX. pp. 465-495., contains the result of his observations in Spain during the War, so far as they confirm his earlier views.
27)Rob. Hamilton, On the early History and Symptoms of Lues. In the Edinburgh medical and surgical Journal 1818. Vol. XIV. pp. 485-498.
The Author seeks to prove that the Disease at the end of the XVth. Century was not “Lues Venerea”, but “Sibbens”. Comp.Ehrhardt, Med. Chirurg. Zeitung. 1819. Vol. I. p. 198.
28)Gust. Adolph Werner, de origine ac progressu luis venereae animadversiones quaedam. Diss. inaug. med. Lips. 1819. 29. S. 4.
(Gust. Adolph Werner, “Some Thoughts on the Origin and Progress of the Venereal Disease,”—a Medical Graduation Exercise. Leipzig 1819. pp. 29. 4to.).
Maintains the antiquity of the Disease, citing again the passages already known. The Ancients, he says, confounded Syphilis with Leprosy; the Immorality prevailing at the end of the XVth. Century and the arrival of the Moors in Italy were the original cause and occasion of the general extension of the Disease. According toChoulantinPierer, Allgem. Med. Annalen, Year 1825. p. 237.,Prof. Heinrich Robbiwas the Author of this Dissertation.
29)J. L. W. Wendt, Bydrag til historien af den veneriske sygdoms begyndelse og fremgang i Danemark. Kjöbnhavn 1820. 8. Deutsch in Hufelands Journ. 1822. Bd. 55. S. 1-51.
(J. L. W. Wendt, “Contribution to the History of the Origin and Progress of the Venereal Disease in Denmark.” Copenhagen 1820. 8vo. In German in Hufeland’s Journ. vol. 55. pp. 1-51).
Shows that Venereal Disease became known in Denmark after 1495; that its treatment was given over especially to the Surgeons and quacks; also an account of the medical Police-regulations against the Disease.
30)Nicol. Barbantini, Notizie istoriche concernanti il contagio venereo, le quali precedono la sua opera sopra questo contagio. Lucca 1820. 8.
(Nicol. Barbantini, “Historical Notices concerning the Venereal Contagion,—introductory to his Work on this Disease.” Lucca 1820. 8vo.).
Appears to be not yet at all well known in Germany. Neither through the booksellers nor in any other way could we obtain the Work. It would seem to be out of print.
31)Domenico Thiene, Lettere sulla storia de’ mali venerei. Venezia 1823. 303. S. gr. 8.
(Domenico Thiene, “Letters on the History of Venereal Maladies.” Venice 1823. pp. 303. large 8vo.).
Contains 9 letters as follows: I. On the common opinion of the American origin of the Venereal Disease,—to SignorC. Sprengel, pp. 7-27, in which the American Source andGirtanner’sArguments for it are confuted. He cites here in the Notes, p. 238, an Italian poem of George Summaripa, a Patrician of Verona (1496), not previously known, in which the Disease is represented as having come from Gaul; which a letter ofNicolaus Scillatiusre-printed on p. 236 confirms. This had already been given inBrera, Giornale di Medicina, August 1817, vol. XII. p. 123, and borrowed and made use of byHuber, p. 37., andSprengel, Geschichte der Medicin, 3rd ed., vol. II. p. 701., in correction ofChoulant’sstatement, as cited below p. 238.—II. Of Discharge from the Penis (Scolagione) or Gonorrhœa of the Ancients,—to SignorChrist. Goff. Gruner408, shows that the Gonorrhœa of the Ancients was no mere Spermatorrhœa, but actual Gonorrhœa (Clap) pp. 31-48.—III. Of Discharge from the Penis (Scolagione) or Gonorrhœa of the Middle Ages,—to SignorF. Swediaur, pp. 51-73. Shows that actual Gonorrhœa existed in the Middle Ages.—IV. Of Ulcers, Buboes and other such Affections of the Secret Parts in Antiquity,—to SignorNic. Barbantini, pp. 77-92.—V. Of the true Venereal Disease or Syphilis,—to SignorAnton Scarpa, pp. 95-119. Survey of the Venereal Disease to the end of the XVth Century and of its changes, with special reference to the sympathy of the Genital organs and those of the Throat.—VI. On certain modern Forms of Disease referable to the Venereal Taint,—to SignorCullerier, pp. 123-144. Considers the Brünn Sickness in the year 1577, the “Sibbens, Amboina pox, Canadian Disease,” “Scherlievo” and “Falcadina”.—VII. Ofcertain ancient Forms of Disease referable to the Venereal Taint,—to SignorDr. Cambieri, pp. 148-178. In this are more exactly described the “Yaws”, “Pians”, “Judham”, Mentagra, Malum mortuum and Morphea, and the near relationship of leprosy with Venereal Disease hinted at.—VIII. Of the Origin of the Venereal Disease,—to SignorFilip. Gabr. Hensler, pp. 182-208. The Author considers the Disease endemic in Africa, whence it came into Italy with the Moors, and to America with the Negro slaves.—IX. On the public Hygiene of Venereal Maladies,—toFranc. Aglietti, pp. 212-235. Chronological Survey of Legislation as to Brothels. The book ends, pp. 230-303, with Annotations in which he gives specially the documentary proofs on which his conclusions rest, and that too arranged according to the numbers given in the text.
An Abstract of this Work, rare apparently in Germany, is given byChoulantinPierer’sAllgem. Med. Annalen, Year 1825. pp. 236-244.
32)V. A. Huber, Bemerkungen über die Geschichte und Behandlung der venerischen Krankheiten. Stuttgart und Tübingen. 1825. 124 S. 8.
(V. A. Huber, “Remarks on the History and Treatment of Venereal Diseases.” Stuttgart and Tübingen 1825. pp. 124. 8vo.).
The Author specially combats the American origin, and to this end examines particularly the Spanish Chroniclers. Without exactly wishing to arrive at a definite conclusion for or against, he contents himself with exposing the inconsistencies in the reasoning of the supporters of either view.—Commendatory notices of the Book are found in: Heidelberg Jahrb. 1825. Pt. XII. pp. 1194-1199.—Hecker’sLit. Annalen 1826. Vol. IV. pp. 77-97.—Hufeland’sBibliothek d. prakt. Heilde. 1826. Vol. LV. pp. 262-268.
33)Alex. Dubled, Coup d’œil historique sur la maladie vénérienne. Paris 1825.?
(Alex. Dubled, “Historical Survey of the Venereal Disease.” Paris 1825.?
Hacker, p. 164, says: “would seem to contain much of interest.” We have not been able to obtain a sight of this Work; however it appears to quite agree with whatDubledhas repeated in a later work, “Statement of the new Doctrine as to Venereal Disease,” transl. from the French. Leipzig 1830. pp. VI-VIII and pp. 1-10. He says, p. V of the Preface,—“Finally, inasmuch as the systematic historical study of the Venereal Disease seems also to confirm the truth of my view, I have prefixed to this Work the Historical Survey, which at the time of its composition I read before the Surgical Section of the Royal Academy of Medicine. A Report that should have been rendered by it never appeared.” Then follows a Preface belonging to the Historical Survey, subscribed—Paris, October 1823, to which year accordingly must be assigned the above-mentioned Work. But the whole publication, as may be supposed from the scanty number of pages, is more than superficial.
34)S. J. Beer, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Syphilis. InOkensIsis. Jahrg. 1828. Bd. II. S. 728-731.
(S. J. Beer, “Contributions to the History of Syphilis.” InOken’sIsis. Year 1828. Vol. II. pp. 728-731).
The Author, a Jewish Physician, seeks to prove that the Moors did not suffer from Venereal Disease, because they as Martyrs of their Faith, could not therefore be dissolute, immoral men, because (Deuteronomy, Ch. 33. v. 17.) excesses in love, especially with Gentiles (Nehemiah Ch. X. vv. 29, 30) are strictly forbidden, finally becauseDon Isac Abarbanel, born 1437, in his Exposition of the Prophets (printed 1650), on Zachariah Ch. XIV. v. 12. says expressly, that the Disease “Zarfosim” occurs only amongst the “Goiem” (Gentiles) and not amongst the Jews. TheAuthor promises eventually to issue a Treatise on Syphilis which he has in hand on a larger scale; but to our knowledge it has not appeared.
35)H. Spitta, Beitrag zur Geschichte der Verbreitung der Lustseuche in Europa. InHeckerslit. Annalen 1826. Bd. IV. S. 371-374.
(H. Spitta, “Contribution to the History of the Spread of the Venereal Disease in Europe.” InHecker’sLit. Annalen 1826. Vol. IV. pp. 371-374).
The contribution is a passage from the following book: “Libro que trata de las cosas, que traen de las Indias Occidentales, que sirven al uso de medicina, y de la orden qui se ha de tener en tomar la Rayz de Mechoacan etc. Hecho y copilado por el DoctorMonardes, medico de Sevilla. 1565.” (Book treating of Substances imported from the East Indies and used in Medicine, and of the Course to be observed in taking the Mechoacan Root, etc. Written and compiled byDr. Monardes, Physician of Seville. 1565). This work treats of the drug “Guajac”, and lays down the American origin of Venereal Disease as confidently as if the Author had been on the spot when it happened! The value of the whole argument may be judged from this passage, “Our Creator willed that from that same country whence Venereal Disease (el mal de las buvas,—the malady of buboes) came, should come also the Means of its cure.”
36)Pet. de Jurgenew, Luis venereae apud veteres vestigia. Diss. inaug. Dorpati Livon. 1826. 54 S. 8.
(Pet. de Jurgenew, “Traces of the Venereal Disease amongst the Ancients.” Medical Graduation Exercise, Dorpat (in Livonia) 1826. pp. 54. 8vo.).
An industrious, partly critical, Collection of the passages connected with this subject down to Peter Martyr in chronological order, of which however perhaps only those given on given p. 11, though theseare incomplete, from the “Lusus in Priapum” or “Priapeia” had not previously been noted. Comp. Recension byStruverinRust’sandCasper’sKrit. Repertor. Vol. XX. p. 141.
38)Friedr. Alex. Simon, Versuch einer kritischen Geschichte der verschiedenartigen, besonders unreinen Behaftungen der Geschlechtstheile und ihrer Umgegend, oder der örtlichen Lustübel, seit der ältesten bis auf die neueste Zeit, und ihres Verhältnisses zu der Ende des XV. Jahrhunderts erschienenen Lustseuche; nebst praktischen Bemerkungen über die positive Entbehrlichkeit des Quecksilbers bei der Mehrzahl jener Behaftungen, oder der sogenannten primairen syphilitischen Zufälle. Ein Beitrag zur Pathologie und Therapie der primairen Syphilis, für Aerzte und Wundärzte. I. Thl. Hamburg. 1830. XVIII. 253 S. II. Thl. 1831. XVI. 543 S. gr. 8.
(Friedr. Alex. Simon, “Essay towards a Critical History of the different sorts of Infections, particularly of foul Infections, of the Sexual parts and their Neighbourhood, in other words of Local Venereal Maladies, from the earliest times to the most recent, and of their Relation to the Venereal Disease that made its appearance at the end of the XVth Century; together with Practical Remarks as to the positive Needlessness of Mercury in the case of the majority of those Infections, or the so-called primary Syphilitic Symptoms. A Contribution to the Pathology and Therapeutics of Primary Syphilis, for Physicians and Surgeons.” I Part. Hamburg 1830. pp. XVIII, 253. II Part. 1831. pp. XVI, 543. large 8vo.).
The first Part of this Work, one displaying great care and diligence, contains the History of Gonorrhœa, Swellings of the Testicles, Ulcers and warty Growths in the Urethra, Scalding Urine, Strictures, Ulcers and Fistulae in the Perinœum, so far as these subordinate affections were observedbeforethe appearance of the Venereal Disease; the second Part the Historyof the Ulcers or Shankers in the Sexual organs, particularly after coition where infection is suspected, down to the most recent time. The promised Critical History of the Venereal Disease with reference to its appropriate Treatment has unfortunately never yet appeared, though only then can we estimate the justice of many of the Author’s views and statements touching the local Symptoms. Would that an end might be put to the delay!
38)Math. Jaudt, de lue veterum et recentium. Diss. inaug. med. Monachii 1834. 23 S. 8.
(Math. Jaudt, “On Syphilis amongst Ancients and Moderns.” Medical Graduation Exercise. Munich 1834. pp. 23. 8vo.).
In this somewhat cursory Treatise the Author assumes with the English writers a “Lues antiqua” (ancient Contagion), which manifested itself only through affections of the Genitals of a similar nature, and a “Lues universalis” (general Contagion) since 1494-1496, both of which now occur; hence he would deduce the distinction in the treatment with Mercury,—Mercury not being necessary for the former, but required for the latter.
39)Max Ludov. Schrank, de luis venereae antiquitate et origine. Dissert inaug. Ratisbonae (Monachii) 1834. 24 S. 8.
(Max Ludov. Schrank, “On the Antiquity and Origin of the Venereal Disease.” Graduation Exercise. (Ratisbon Bavaria) 1834. pp. 24. 8vo.).
The Author seeks to prove by citation of the familiar passages of the ancient writers: (1) “luem veneream antiquissimis temporibus jamjam cognitam itidemque contagiosam, sub finem saeculi XV. majorem malignitatis gradum, conditionibus secundis concurrentibus, ostendisse, ideoque, (2) Americam ejusdem patriam non esse habendam” (that the Venereal Disease was already known in the most ancient times, that towards the end of the XVth.Century, under the concurrence of favouring conditions, it exhibited a greater degree of malignancy; consequently that America is not to be considered its place of origin. He seems especially to have made use ofHuber’sWork.
40)Prof. Naumann, zur Pathogenie und Geschichte des Trippers, inSchmidt’sJahrb. der in- und ausländ. gesammt. Medicin Jahrg. 1837. Bd. XIII. S. 94-105.
(Prof. Naumann, “Pathology and History of Gonorrhoea”, inSchmidt’sJahrb. der in- und ausländ. gesammt. Medicin, Year 1837. Vol. XIII. pp. 94-105).
Contains valuable notices on the history of Venereal disease, specially dealing with Gonorrhoea in Antiquity; cites several very important passages fromGalenpreviously overlooked, and by their help maintains the antiquity of the Disease. The matters dealt with in this Treatise had already been gone into by the same Author in the Seventh Volume of his Handbook to Medical Clinics.
41)August Zennaro, Diss. inaug. de syphilidis antiquitate et an sit semper contagio tribuenda, Patav. 1837. 32 S. gr. 8.
(August Zennaro, “Graduation Exercise, on the Antiquity of Syphilis; should it be considered always Contagious?” Padua 1837. pp. 41. large 8vo.).
42)Jos. Ferd. Masarei, Diss. sist. argumentum, morbos venereos esse morbos antiquos. Viennae 1837. 8.
(Jos. Ferd. Masarei, “Exercise maintaining the thesis that: the Venereal diseases are ancient Diseases.” Vienna 1837. 8vo.).
Besides the above Works, specially devoted to the History of Venereal Disease and dealing exclusively with this, the subject is discussed also by most of the larger Hand-books and Manuals on thisMalady, e.g,Swediaur,Bertrandi,Foot,Barbantini,Jourdan. However we must particularize:
Joan. Astruc, de morbis venereis libri sex. In quibus disseritur tum de origine, propagatione et contagione horumce affectuum in genere: tum de singulorum natura, aetiologia et therapeia, cum brevi analysi et epicrisi operum plerorumque quae de eodem argumento scripta sunt. Paris 1736. XVIII. 20. 628. 50 S. 4. Paris (Nachdruck zu Basel). 1738. 4.—Translated byWill. Borrowby. Lond. 1737. 8.—Editio secunda: de morbis venereis libri IX. Paris 1740. 4. Vol. I. XXXVI. 608 S. (Enthält zugleich Dissertatio I. de origine, appellatione natura et curatione morborum venereorum inter Sinas S. DXXXVII-DLXVI). Vol. II. 537-1196 S. (Unsere Citate beziehen sich auf diese Ausgabe).—Paris 1743. Vol. I-IV. 12. Die ersten 4 Bücher wurden vonBoudonundAug. Franc. Jaultins Französische übersetzt. Paris 1740. 12. Vol. I-III.—Editio tertiaaucta perJo. AstrucetAnt. Louis. Paris 1755. Vol. I-IV. 12. Nachdruck Venetiis 1760. 4. mit Hinzufügung vonGerardivanSwieten, Epistolae duae de mercurio sublimato undJos. Mar. Xav. Bertini, diss. de usu mercurii.—Translated by Sam.Chapmann. Lond. 1755. 1. deutsch vonJoh. Gottlob Heise. Frankf. und Leipz. 1784. gr. 8.Editio quarta: Paris. 1773. Vol. I-IV. 12.—Editio quinta, curaAnt. Louis. Paris 1777. Vol. I-IV. 12.
(Jean Astruc, “On Venereal Diseases,—Six books. In which is discussed the Origin, Propagation and Contagion of these Maladies generally; secondly the Nature, Etiology and Therapeutics of the same individually; together with a brief Analysis and Appreciation of most of the Works dealing with this Subject.” Paris 1736. XVIII, 20, 628, 50 pp. 4to. Paris (pirated edition, Bâle) 1738. 4to.—Translated byWill. Borrowby, Lond. 1737. 8vo.—Second Edition: “On Venereal Diseases,—IX books.” Paris 1740. 4to. Vol. I. pp. XXXVI, 608. (Contains also DissertationI, “On the Origin, Nomenclature, Nature and Treatment of Venereal Diseases amongst the Chinese”, pp. DXXXVII-DLXVI). Vol. II. pp. 537-1196. (Our citations refer to this Edition).—Paris 1743, Vols. I-IV. 12mo. The first 4 books were translated into French byBoudonandAug. Franc. Jault. Paris. 1740. 12mo, Vols. I-III.—Third Editionenlarged byJo. AstrucandAnt. Louis. Paris 1755. Vols. I-IV. 12mo. Pirated edition, at Venice 1760. 4to., with addition byGerardi van Swieten, “Epistolae Duae de Mercurio sublimato” (Two Letters concerning Mercury Sublimate), andJos. Mar. Xav. Bertini, “Diss. de usu Mercurii”. (Dissertation on the Use of Mercury).—Translated bySam. Chapmann. Lond. 1755. 8vo.; in German byJoh. Gottlob Heise. Frankfort and Leipzig 1784, large 8vo.—Fourth Edition: Paris 1773. Vols. I-IV. 12mo.—Fifth Edition, edit.Ant. Louis. Paris 1777. Vols. I-IV. 12mo).