DETAILED CONTENTS OF VOLUME XI.
ADDRESS ON THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT.
TRIAL OF C. B. REYNOLDS FOR BLASPHEMY.
GOD IN THE CONSTITUTION.
A REPLY TO BISHOP SPALDING.
CRIMES AGAINST CRIMINALS.
A WOODEN GOD.
SOME INTERROGATION POINTS.
ART AND MORALITY.
THE DIVIDED HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH.
WHY AM I AN AGNOSTIC?
HUXLEY AND AGNOSTICISM.
ERNEST RENAN.
TOLSTOÏ AND "THE KREUTZER SONATA."
THOMAS PAINE.
THE THREE PHILANTHROPISTS.
SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?
A WORD ABOUT EDUCATION.
WHAT I WANT FOR CHRISTMAS.
FOOL FRIENDS.
INSPIRATION
THE TRUTH OF HISTORY.
HOW TO EDIT A LIBERAL PAPER.
SECULARISM.
CRITICISM OF "ROBERT ELSMERE," "JOHN WARD, PREACHER," AND "AN AFRICAN FARM."
THE LIBEL LAWS
REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.
AN ESSAY ON CHRISTMAS.
HAS FREETHOUGHT A CONSTRUCTIVE SIDE?
THE IMPROVED MAN.
EIGHT HOURS MUST COME.
THE JEWS.
CRUMBLING CREEDS.
OUR SCHOOLS.
VIVISECTION.
THE CENSUS ENUMERATOR'S OFFICIAL CATECHISM.
THE AGNOSTIC CHRISTMAS
SPIRITUALITY.
SUMTER'S GUN.
WHAT INFIDELS HAVE DONE.
CRUELTY IN THE ELMIRA REFORMATORY.
LAW'S DELAY.
THE BIGOTRY OF COLLEGES.
A YOUNG MAN'S CHANCES TO-DAY.
SCIENCE AND SENTIMENT.
SOWING AND REAPING.
SHOULD INFIDELS SEND THEIR CHILDREN TO SUNDAY SCHOOL?
WHAT WOULD YOU SUBSTITUTE FOR THE BIBLE AS A MORAL GUIDE?
GOVERNOR ROLLINS' FAST-DAY PROCLAMATION.
A LOOK BACKWARD AND A PROPHECY.
POLITICAL MORALITY.
A FEW REASONS FOR DOUBTING THE INSPIRATION OF THE BIBLE.
ADDRESS ON THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT.Introduction by Frederick Douglass("Abou Ben Adhem")—Decision ofthe United States Supreme Court pronouncing the Civil Rights ActUnconstitutional—Limitations of Judges—Illusion Destroyed by theDecision in the Dred Scott Case—Mistake of Our Fathers in adoptingthe Common Law of England—The 13th Amendment to the ConstitutionQuoted—The Clause of the Constitution upholding Slavery—Effect ofthis Clause—Definitions of a State by Justice Wilson and Chief JusticeChase—Effect of the Thirteenth Amendment—Justice Field on InvoluntaryServitude—Civil Rights Act Quoted—Definition of the Word Servitude bythe Supreme Court—Obvious Purpose of the Amendment—Justice Milleron the 14th Amendment—Citizens Created by this Amendment—Opinionof Justice Field—Rights and Immunities guaranteed by theConstitution—Opinion delivered by Chief-Justice Waite—Further Opinionsof Courts on the question of Citizenship—Effect of the 13th, 14th and15th Amendments—"Corrective" Legislation by Congress—Denial of equal"Social" Privileges—Is a State responsible for the Action of its Agentwhen acting contrary to Law?—The Word "State" must include the Peopleof the State as well as the Officers of the State—The Louisiana CivilRights Law, and a Case tried under it—Uniformity of Duties essential tothe Carrier—Congress left Powerless to protect Rights conferred by theConstitution—Definition of "Appropriate Legislation"—Propositions laiddown regarding the Sovereignty of the State, the powers of the GeneralGovernment, etc.—A Tribute to Justice Harlan—A Denial that Propertyexists by Virtue of Law—Civil Rights not a Question of SocialEquality—Considerations upon which Social Equality depends—Liberty nota Question of Social Equality—The Superior Man—Inconsistencies of thePast—No Reason why we should Hate the Colored People—The Issues thatare upon Us.TRIAL OF C. B. REYNOLDS FOR BLASPHEMY.ADDRESS TO THE JURY.Report of the Case from the New York Times (note)—The Right to expressOpinions—Attempts to Rule the Minds of Men by Force—Liberty theGreatest Good—Intellectual Hospitality Defined—When the CatholicChurch had Power—Advent of the Protestants—The Puritans, Quakers.Unitarians, Universalists—What is Blasphemy?—Why this Trial should nothave Taken Place—Argument cannot be put in Jail—The Constitution ofNew Jersey—A higher Law than Men can Make—The Blasphemy StatuteQuoted and Discussed—Is the Statute Constitutional?—The Harm doneby Blasphemy Laws—The Meaning of this Persecution—Religions areEphemeral—Let us judge each other by our Actions—Men who have bravedPublic Opinion should be Honored—The Blasphemy Law if enforced wouldrob the World of the Results of Scientific Research—It declares theGreat Men of to-day to be Criminals—The Indictment Read and Commentedupon—Laws that go to Sleep—Obsolete Dogmas the Denial of which wasonce punished by Death—Blasphemy Characterized—On the Argumentthat Blasphemy Endangers the Public Peace—A Definition of realBlasphemy—Trials for Blasphemy in England—The case of AbnerKneeland—True Worship, Prayer, and Religion—What is Holy andSacred—What is Claimed in this Case—For the Honor of the State—Theword Liberty—Result of the Trial (note).GOD IN THE CONSTITUTION.The Feudal System—Office and Purpose of our Constitution—Which Godshall we Select?—The Existence of any God a Matter of Opinion—What isentailed by a Recognition of a God in the Constitution—Can the Infinitebe Flattered with a Constitutional Amendment?—This government isSecular—The Government of God a Failure—The Difference between theTheological and the Secular Spirit—A Nation neither Christian norInfidel—The Priest no longer a Necessity—Progress of Science and theDevelopment of the Mind.A REPLY TO BISHOP SPALDING.On God in the Constitution—Why the Constitutional Convention ignoredthe Question of Religion—The Fathers Misrepresented—Reasons why theAttributes of God should not form an Organic Part of the Law of theLand—The Effect of a Clause Recognizing God.CRIMES AGAINST CRIMINALS.The Three Pests of a Community—I. Forms of Punishment and Torture—MoreCrimes Committed than Prevented by Governments—II. Are not Vicestransmitted by Nature?—111. Is it Possible for all People to beHonest?—Children of Vice as the natural Product of Society—Statistics:the Relation between Insanity, Pauperism, and Crime—IV. The Martyrs ofVice—Franklin's Interest in the Treatment of Prisoners—V. Kindnessas a Remedy—Condition of the Discharged Prisoner—VI. Compensationfor Convicts—VII. Professional Criminals—Shall the Nation takeLife?—Influence of Public Executions on the Spectators—Lynchersfor the Most Part Criminals at Heart—VIII. The Poverty of the Many aperpetual Menace—Limitations of Land-holding.—IX. Defective Educationby our Schools—Hands should be educated as well as Head—Conductimproved by a clearer Perception of Consequences—X. The Discipline ofthe average Prison Hardening and Degrading—While Society cringes beforeGreat Thieves there will be Little Ones to fill the Jails—XI. OurIgnorance Should make us Hesitate.A WOODEN GOD.On Christian and Chinese worship—Report of the Select Committeeon Chinese Immigration—The only true God as contrasted withJoss—Sacrifices to the "Living God"—Messrs. Wright, Dickey, O'Connorand Murch on the "Religious System" of the American Union—How to provethat Christians are better than Heathens—Injustice in the Name ofGod—An honest Merchant the best Missionary—A Few Extracts fromConfucius—The Report proves that the Wise Men of China who predictedthat Christians could not be Trusted were not only Philosophers butProphets.SOME INTERROGATION POINTS.A New Party and its Purpose—The Classes that Exist in everyCountry—Effect of Education on the Common People—Wants Increased byIntelligence—The Dream of 1776—The Monopolist and the Competitor—TheWar between the Gould and Mackay Cables—Competition betweenMonopolies—All Advance in Legislation made by Repealing Laws—Wagesand Values not to be fixed by Law—Men and Machines—The Specific ofthe Capitalist: Economy—The poor Man and Woman devoured bytheir Fellow-men—Socialism one of the Worst Possible forms ofSlavery—Liberty not to be exchanged for Comfort—Will the Workersalways give their Earnings for the Useless?—Priests, Successful Frauds,and Robed Impostors.ART AND MORALITY.The Origin of Man's Thoughts—The imaginative Man—"Medicinal View" ofPoetry—Rhyme and Religion—The theological Poets and their Purpose inWriting—Moral Poets and their "Unwelcome Truths"—The really Passionateare the Virtuous—Difference between the Nude and the Naked—Moralitythe Melody of Conduct—The inculcation of Moral Lessons not contemplatedby Artists or great Novelists—Mistaken Reformers—Art not aSermon—Language a Multitude of Pictures—Great Pictures and GreatStatues painted and chiseled with Words—Mediocrity moral from aNecessity which it calls Virtue—Why Art Civilizes—The Nude—The Venusde Milo—This is Art.THE DIVIDED HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH.The Way in which Theological Seminaries were Endowed—ReligiousGuide-boards—Vast Interests interwoven with Creeds—Pretensions ofChristianity—Kepler's Discovery of his Three Great Laws—Equivocationsand Evasions of the Church—Nature's Testimony against theBible—The Age of Man on the Earth—"Inspired" Morality of theBible—Miracles—Christian Dogmas—What the church has been Compelled toAbandon—The Appeal to Epithets, Hatred and Punishment—"Spirituality"the last Resource of the Orthodox—What is it to be Spiritual?—TwoQuestions for the Defenders of Orthodox Creeds.WHY AM I AN AGNOSTIC?Part I. Inharmony of Nature and the Lot of Man with the Goodness andWisdom of a supposed Deity—Why a Creator is Imagined—Difficulty of theAct of Creation—Belief in Supernatural Beings—Belief and Worship amongSavages—Questions of Origin and Destiny—Progress impossible withoutChange of Belief—Circumstances Determining Belief—How may theTrue Religion be Ascertained?—Prosperity of Nations nor Virtueof Individuals Dependent on Religions or Gods—Uninspired BooksSuperior—Part II. The Christian Religion—Credulity—Miracles cannotbe Established—Effect of Testimony—Miraculous Qualities of allReligions—Theists and Naturalists—The Miracle of Inspiration—Howcan the alleged Fact of Inspiration be Established?—God's work andMan's—Rewards for Falsehood offered by the Church.HUXLEY AND AGNOSTICISM.Statement by the Principal of King's College—On the Irrelevancy of aLack of Scientific Knowledge—Difference between the Agnostic andthe Christian not in Knowledge but in Credulity—The real name ofan Agnostic said to be "Infidel"—What an Infidel is—"Unpleasant"significance of the Word—Belief in Christ—"Our Lord and his Apostles"possibly Honest Men—Their Character not Invoked—Possession by evilspirits—Professor Huxley's Candor and Clearness—The splendid Dreamof Auguste Comte—Statement of the Positive Philosophy—Huxley andHarrison.ERNEST RENAN.His Rearing and his Anticipated Biography—The complex Character of theChrist of the Gospels—Regarded as a Man by Renan—The Sin against theHoly Ghost—Renan on the Gospels—No Evidence that they were writtenby the Men whose Names they Bear—Written long after the Events theyDescribe—Metaphysics of the Church found in the Gospel of John—NotApparent why Four Gospels should have been Written—Regarded aslegendary Biographies—In "flagrant contradiction one with another"—TheDivine Origin of Christ an After-growth—Improbable that he intended toform a Church—Renan's Limitations—Hebrew Scholarship—His "People ofIsrael"—His Banter and Blasphemy.TOLSTOY AND "THE KREUTZER SONATA."Tolstoy's Belief and Philosophy—His Asceticism—His View of HumanLove—Purpose of "The Kreutzer Sonata"—Profound Difference between theLove of Men and that of Women—Tolstoy cannot now found a Religion, butmay create the Necessity for another Asylum—The Emotions—The CuriousOpinion Dried Apples have of Fruit upon the Tree—Impracticability ofselling All and giving to the Poor—Love and Obedience—Unhappiness inthe Marriage Relation not the fault of Marriage.THOMAS PAINE.Life by Moncure D. Conway—Early Advocacy of Reforms against Duelingand Cruelty to Animals—The First to write "The United States ofAmerica"—Washington's Sentiment against Separation from GreatBritain—Paine's Thoughts in the Declaration of Independence—Author ofthe first Proclamation of Emancipation in America—Establishment of aFund for the Relief of the Army—H's "Farewell Address"—The "Rights ofMan"—Elected to the French Convention—Efforts to save the Life of theKing—His Thoughts on Religion—Arrested—The "Age of Reason" and theWeapons it has furnished "Advanced Theologians"—Neglect by GouverneurMorris and Washington—James Monroe's letter to Paine and to theCommittee of General Safety—The vaunted Religious Liberty ofColonial Maryland—Orthodox Christianity at the Beginning of the 19thCentury—New Definitions of God—The Funeral of Paine.THE THREE PHILANTHROPISTS.I. Mr. A., the Professional Philanthropist, who established a Colonyfor the Enslavement of the Poor who could not take care of themselves,amassed a large Fortune thereby, built several churches, and earnedthe Epitaph, "He was the Providence of the Poor"—II. Mr. B.,the Manufacturer, who enriched himself by taking advantage of theNecessities of the Poor, paid the lowest Rate of Wages, consideredhimself one of God's Stewards, endowed the "B Asylum" and the "BCollege," never lost a Dollar, and of whom it was recorded, "He Livedfor Others." III. Mr. C., who divided his Profits with the People who hadearned it, established no Public Institutions, suppressed Nobody; andthose who have worked for him said, "He allowed Others to live forThemselves."SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?Trampling on the Rights of Inferiors—Rise of the Irish and Germansto Power—The Burlingame Treaty—Character of Chinese Laborers—TheirEnemies in the Pacific States—Violation of Treaties—The Geary Law—TheChinese Hated for their Virtues—More Piety than Principle among thePeople's Representatives—Shall we go back to Barbarism?A WORD ABOUT EDUCATION.What the Educated Man Knows—Necessity of finding out the Factsof Nature—"Scholars" not always Educated Men; from necessaries toluxuries; who may be called educated; mental misers; the first duty ofman; university education not necessary to usefulness, no advantage inlearning useless facts.WHAT I WANT FOR CHRISTMAS.Would have the Kings and Emperors resign, the Nobility drop theirTitles, the Professors agree to teach only What they Know, thePoliticians changed to Statesmen, the Editors print only theTruth—Would like to see Drunkenness and Prohibition abolished,Corporal Punishment done away with, and the whole World free.FOOL FRIENDS.The Fool Friend believes every Story against you, never denies a Lieunless it is in your Favor, regards your Reputation as Common Prey,forgets his Principles to gratify your Enemies, and is so friendly thatyou cannot Kick him.INSPIRATION.Nature tells a different Story to all Eyes and Ears—Horace Greeley andthe Big Trees—The Man who "always did like rolling land"—What theSnow looked like to the German—Shakespeare's different Story for eachReader—As with Nature so with the Bible.THE TRUTH OF HISTORY.People who live by Lying—A Case in point—H. Hodson Rugg's Account ofthe Conversion of Ingersoll and 5,000 of his Followers—The "Identity ofLost Israel with the British Nation"—Old Falsehoods about Infidels—TheNew York Observer and Thomas Paine—A Rascally English Editor—TheCharge that Ingersoll's Son had been Converted—The Fecundity ofFalsehood.HOW TO EDIT A LIBERAL PAPER.The Editor should not narrow his Horizon so that he can see onlyOne Thing—To know the Defects of the Bible is but the Beginning ofWisdom—The Liberal Paper should not discuss Theological QuestionsAlone—A Column for Children—Candor and Kindness—Nothing should beAsserted that is not Known—Above All, teach the Absolute Freedom of theMind.SECULARISM.The religion of Humanity; what it Embraces and what it Advocates—AProtest against Ecclesiastical Tyranny—Believes in Building a Homehere—Means Food and Fireside—The Right to express your Thought—Itsadvice to every Human Being—A Religion without Mysteries, Miracles, orPersecutions.CRITICISM OF "ROBERT ELSMERE," "JOHN WARD, PREACHER," AND "AN AFRICAN FARM."Religion unsoftened by Infidelity—The Orthodox Minister whose Wife hasa Heart—Honesty of Opinion not a Mitigating Circumstance—Repulsivenessof an Orthodox Life—John Ward an Object of Pity—Lyndall of the"African Farm"—The Story of the Hunter—Death of Waldo—Women theCaryatides of the Church—Attitude of Christianity toward otherReligions—Egotism of the ancient Jews.THE LIBEL LAWS.All Articles appearing in a newspaper should be Signed by theWriter—The Law if changed should throw greater Safeguards around theReputation of the Citizen—Pains should be taken to give Prominence toRetractions—The Libel Laws like a Bayonet in War.REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.Mr. Newton not Regarded as a Sceptic—New Meanings given to OldWords—The vanishing Picture of Hell—The Atonement—Confidence beingLost in the Morality of the Gospel—Exclusiveness of the Churches—TheHope of Immortality and Belief in God have Nothing to do with RealReligion—Special Providence a Mistake.AN ESSAY ON CHRISTMAS.The Day regarded as a Holiday—A Festival far olderthan Christianity—Relics of Sun-worship in ChristianCeremonies—Christianity furnished new Steam for an old Engine—PaganFestivals correspond to Ours—Why Holidays are Popular—They must be forthe Benefit of the People.HAS FREETHOUGHT A CONSTRUCTIVE SIDE?The Object of Freethought—what the Religionist calls "Affirmativeand Positive"—The Positive Side of Freethought—Constructive Work ofChristianity.THE IMPROVED MAN.He will be in Favor of universal Liberty, neither Master nor Slave; ofEquality and Education; will develop in the Direction of the Beautiful;will believe only in the Religion of this World—His Motto—Will notendeavor to change the Mind of the "Infinite"—Will have no Bells orCensers—Will be satisfied that the Supernatural does not exist—Will beSelf-poised, Independent, Candid and Free.EIGHT HOURS MUST COME.The Working People should be protected by Law—Life of no particularImportance to the Man who gets up before Daylight and works tillafter Dark—A Revolution probable in the Relations between Labor andCapital—Working People becoming Educated and more Independent—TheGovernment can Aid by means of Good Laws—Women the worst Paid—Thereshould be no Resort to Force by either Labor or Capital.THE JEWS.Much like People of other Religions—Teaching given Christian Childrenabout those who die in the Faith of Abraham—Dr. John Hall onthe Persecution of the Jews in Russia as the Fulfillment ofProphecy—Hostility of Orthodox early Christians excited by JewishWitnesses against the Faith—An infamous Chapter of History—Goodand bad Men of every Faith—Jews should outgrow their ownSuperstitions—What the intelligent Jew Knows.CRUMBLING CREEDS.CRUMBLING CREEDS.The Common People called upon to Decide as between the Universities andthe Synods—Modern Medicine, Law, Literature and Pictures as against theOld—Creeds agree with the Sciences of their Day—Apology the Preludeto Retreat—The Presbyterian Creed Infamous, but no worse thanthe Catholic—Progress begins when Expression of Opinion isAllowed—Examining the Religions of other Countries—The Pulpit'sPosition Lost—The Dogma of Eternal Pain the Cause of the orthodoxCreeds losing Popularity—Every Church teaching this Infinite Lie mustFall.OUR SCHOOLS.OUR SCHOOLS.Education the only Lever capable of raising Mankind—TheSchool-house more Important than the Church—Criticism of New York'sSchool-Buildings—The Kindergarten System Recommended—Poor Pay ofTeachers—The great Danger to the Republic is Ignorance.VIVISECTION.The Hell of Science—Brutal Curiosity of Vivisectors—The Pretence thatthey are working for the Good of Man—Have these scientific Assassinsadded to useful Knowledge?—No Good to the Race to be Accomplished byTorture—The Tendency to produce a Race of intelligent Wild Beasts.THE CENSUS ENUMERATOR'S OFFICIAL CATECHISM.Right of the Government to ask Questions and of the Citizen to refuseto answer them—Matters which the Government has no Right to pryinto—Exposing the Debtor's financial Condition—A Man might decline totell whether he has a Chronic Disease or not.THE AGNOSTIC CHRISTMAS.Natural Phenomena and Myths celebrated—The great Day of the firstReligion, Sun-worship—A God that Knew no Hatred nor Sought Revenge—TheFestival of Light.SPIRITUALITY.A much-abused Word—The Early Christians too Spiritual to beCivilized—Calvin and Knox—Paine, Voltaire and Humboldt notSpiritual—Darwin also Lacking—What it is to be really Spiritual—Noconnection with Superstition.SUMTER'S GUN.What were thereby blown into Rags and Ravelings—The Birth of anew Epoch announced—Lincoln made the most commanding Figure of theCentury—Story of its Echoes.WHAT INFIDELS HAVE DONE.What might have been Asked of a Christian 100 years afterChrist—Hospitals and Asylums not all built for Charity—GirardCollege—Lick Observatory—Carnegie not an Orthodox Christian—ChristianColleges—Give us Time.CRUELTY IN THE ELMIRA REFORMATORY.Brockway a Savage—The Lash will neither develop the Brain nor cultivatethe Heart—Brutality a Failure—Bishop Potter's apostolical Remark.LAW'S DELAY.The Object of a Trial—Justice can afford to Wait—The right ofAppeal—Case of Mrs. Maybrick—Life Imprisonment for Murderers—AmericanCourts better than the English.BIGOTRY OF COLLEGES.Universities naturally Conservative—Kansas State University'sObjection to Ingersoll as a commencement Orator—Comment by Mr. Depew(note)—Action of Cornell and the University of Missouri.A YOUNG MAN'S CHANCES TO-DAY.The Chances a few Years ago—Capital now Required—Increasingcompetition in Civilized Life—Independence the first Object—If he hassomething to say, there will be plenty to listen.SCIENCE AND SENTIMENT.Science goes hand in hand with Imagination—Artistic and EthicalDevelopment—Science destroys Superstition, not true Religion—Educationpreferable to Legislation—Our Obligation to our Children."SOWING AND REAPING."Moody's Belief accounted for—A dishonest and corrupting Doctrine—Awant of Philosophy and Sense—Have Souls in Heaven no Regrets?—Mr.Moody should read some useful Books.SHOULD INFIDELS SEND THEIR CHILDREN TO SUNDAY SCHOOL?Teachings of orthodox Sunday Schools—The ferocious God of theBible—Miracles—A Christian in Constantinople would not send hisChild to a Mosque—Advice to all Agnostics—Strangle the Serpent ofSuperstition.WHAT WOULD YOU SUBSTITUTE FOR THE BIBLE AS A MORAL GUIDE?Character of the Bible—Men and Women not virtuous because of anyBook—The Commandments both Good and Bad—Books that do not helpMorality—Jehovah not a moral God—What is Morality?—Intelligence theonly moral guide.GOVERNOR ROLLINS' FAST-DAY PROCLAMATION.Decline of the Christian Religion in New Hampshire—OutgrownBeliefs—Present-day Views of Christ and the Holy Ghost—AbandonedNotions about the Atonement—Salvation for Credulity—The Miraclesof the New Testament—The Bible "not true but inspired"—The "HigherCritics" riding two Horses—Infidelity in the Pulpit—The "restrainingInfluences of Religion" as illustrated by Spain and Portugal—Thinking,Working and Praying—The kind of Faith that has Departed.A LOOK BACKWARD AND A PROPHECY.TheTruth Seekercongratulated on its Twenty-fifth Birthday—Teachingsof Twenty-five Years ago—Dodging and evading—The Clerical Assaulton Darwin—Draper, Buckle, Hegel, Spencer, Emerson—Comparisonof Prejudices—Vanished Belief in the Devil—Matter andForce—Contradictions Dwelling in Unity—Substitutes for Jehovah—AProphecy.POLITICAL MORALITY.Argument in the contested Election Case of Strobach against Herbert—TheImportance of Honest Elections—Poisoning the Source of Justice—TheFraudulent Voter a Traitor to his Sovereign, the Will of thePeople—Political Morality Imperative.A FEW REASONS FOR DOUBTING THE INSPIRATION OF THE BIBLE.Date and Manner of Composing the Old Testament—Other Books not now inExistence, and Disagreements about the Canon—Composite Character ofcertain Books—Various Versions—Why was God's message given to the Jewsalone?—The Story of the Creation, of the Flood, of the Tower, andof Lot's wife—Moses and Aaron and the Plagues of Egypt—Laws ofSlavery—Instructions by Jehovah Calculated to excite Astonishment andMirth—Sacrifices and the Scapegoat—Passages showing that the Laws ofMoses were made after the Jews had left the Desert—Jehovah's dealingswith his People—The Sabbath Law—Prodigies—Joshua's Miracle—DamnedIgnorance and Infamy—Jephthah's Sacrifice—Incredible Stories—TheWoman of Endor and the Temptation of David—Elijah and Elisha—Loss ofthe Pentateuch from Moses to Josiah—The Jews before and after beingAbandoned by Jehovah—Wealth of Solomon and other Marvels.
ADDRESS ON THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT.
Introduction by Frederick Douglass("Abou Ben Adhem")—Decision ofthe United States Supreme Court pronouncing the Civil Rights ActUnconstitutional—Limitations of Judges—Illusion Destroyed by theDecision in the Dred Scott Case—Mistake of Our Fathers in adoptingthe Common Law of England—The 13th Amendment to the ConstitutionQuoted—The Clause of the Constitution upholding Slavery—Effect ofthis Clause—Definitions of a State by Justice Wilson and Chief JusticeChase—Effect of the Thirteenth Amendment—Justice Field on InvoluntaryServitude—Civil Rights Act Quoted—Definition of the Word Servitude bythe Supreme Court—Obvious Purpose of the Amendment—Justice Milleron the 14th Amendment—Citizens Created by this Amendment—Opinionof Justice Field—Rights and Immunities guaranteed by theConstitution—Opinion delivered by Chief-Justice Waite—Further Opinionsof Courts on the question of Citizenship—Effect of the 13th, 14th and15th Amendments—"Corrective" Legislation by Congress—Denial of equal"Social" Privileges—Is a State responsible for the Action of its Agentwhen acting contrary to Law?—The Word "State" must include the Peopleof the State as well as the Officers of the State—The Louisiana CivilRights Law, and a Case tried under it—Uniformity of Duties essential tothe Carrier—Congress left Powerless to protect Rights conferred by theConstitution—Definition of "Appropriate Legislation"—Propositions laiddown regarding the Sovereignty of the State, the powers of the GeneralGovernment, etc.—A Tribute to Justice Harlan—A Denial that Propertyexists by Virtue of Law—Civil Rights not a Question of SocialEquality—Considerations upon which Social Equality depends—Liberty nota Question of Social Equality—The Superior Man—Inconsistencies of thePast—No Reason why we should Hate the Colored People—The Issues thatare upon Us.
TRIAL OF C. B. REYNOLDS FOR BLASPHEMY.
ADDRESS TO THE JURY.Report of the Case from the New York Times (note)—The Right to expressOpinions—Attempts to Rule the Minds of Men by Force—Liberty theGreatest Good—Intellectual Hospitality Defined—When the CatholicChurch had Power—Advent of the Protestants—The Puritans, Quakers.Unitarians, Universalists—What is Blasphemy?—Why this Trial should nothave Taken Place—Argument cannot be put in Jail—The Constitution ofNew Jersey—A higher Law than Men can Make—The Blasphemy StatuteQuoted and Discussed—Is the Statute Constitutional?—The Harm doneby Blasphemy Laws—The Meaning of this Persecution—Religions areEphemeral—Let us judge each other by our Actions—Men who have bravedPublic Opinion should be Honored—The Blasphemy Law if enforced wouldrob the World of the Results of Scientific Research—It declares theGreat Men of to-day to be Criminals—The Indictment Read and Commentedupon—Laws that go to Sleep—Obsolete Dogmas the Denial of which wasonce punished by Death—Blasphemy Characterized—On the Argumentthat Blasphemy Endangers the Public Peace—A Definition of realBlasphemy—Trials for Blasphemy in England—The case of AbnerKneeland—True Worship, Prayer, and Religion—What is Holy andSacred—What is Claimed in this Case—For the Honor of the State—Theword Liberty—Result of the Trial (note).
GOD IN THE CONSTITUTION.
The Feudal System—Office and Purpose of our Constitution—Which Godshall we Select?—The Existence of any God a Matter of Opinion—What isentailed by a Recognition of a God in the Constitution—Can the Infinitebe Flattered with a Constitutional Amendment?—This government isSecular—The Government of God a Failure—The Difference between theTheological and the Secular Spirit—A Nation neither Christian norInfidel—The Priest no longer a Necessity—Progress of Science and theDevelopment of the Mind.
A REPLY TO BISHOP SPALDING.
On God in the Constitution—Why the Constitutional Convention ignoredthe Question of Religion—The Fathers Misrepresented—Reasons why theAttributes of God should not form an Organic Part of the Law of theLand—The Effect of a Clause Recognizing God.
CRIMES AGAINST CRIMINALS.
The Three Pests of a Community—I. Forms of Punishment and Torture—MoreCrimes Committed than Prevented by Governments—II. Are not Vicestransmitted by Nature?—111. Is it Possible for all People to beHonest?—Children of Vice as the natural Product of Society—Statistics:the Relation between Insanity, Pauperism, and Crime—IV. The Martyrs ofVice—Franklin's Interest in the Treatment of Prisoners—V. Kindnessas a Remedy—Condition of the Discharged Prisoner—VI. Compensationfor Convicts—VII. Professional Criminals—Shall the Nation takeLife?—Influence of Public Executions on the Spectators—Lynchersfor the Most Part Criminals at Heart—VIII. The Poverty of the Many aperpetual Menace—Limitations of Land-holding.—IX. Defective Educationby our Schools—Hands should be educated as well as Head—Conductimproved by a clearer Perception of Consequences—X. The Discipline ofthe average Prison Hardening and Degrading—While Society cringes beforeGreat Thieves there will be Little Ones to fill the Jails—XI. OurIgnorance Should make us Hesitate.
A WOODEN GOD.
On Christian and Chinese worship—Report of the Select Committeeon Chinese Immigration—The only true God as contrasted withJoss—Sacrifices to the "Living God"—Messrs. Wright, Dickey, O'Connorand Murch on the "Religious System" of the American Union—How to provethat Christians are better than Heathens—Injustice in the Name ofGod—An honest Merchant the best Missionary—A Few Extracts fromConfucius—The Report proves that the Wise Men of China who predictedthat Christians could not be Trusted were not only Philosophers butProphets.
SOME INTERROGATION POINTS.
A New Party and its Purpose—The Classes that Exist in everyCountry—Effect of Education on the Common People—Wants Increased byIntelligence—The Dream of 1776—The Monopolist and the Competitor—TheWar between the Gould and Mackay Cables—Competition betweenMonopolies—All Advance in Legislation made by Repealing Laws—Wagesand Values not to be fixed by Law—Men and Machines—The Specific ofthe Capitalist: Economy—The poor Man and Woman devoured bytheir Fellow-men—Socialism one of the Worst Possible forms ofSlavery—Liberty not to be exchanged for Comfort—Will the Workersalways give their Earnings for the Useless?—Priests, Successful Frauds,and Robed Impostors.
ART AND MORALITY.
The Origin of Man's Thoughts—The imaginative Man—"Medicinal View" ofPoetry—Rhyme and Religion—The theological Poets and their Purpose inWriting—Moral Poets and their "Unwelcome Truths"—The really Passionateare the Virtuous—Difference between the Nude and the Naked—Moralitythe Melody of Conduct—The inculcation of Moral Lessons not contemplatedby Artists or great Novelists—Mistaken Reformers—Art not aSermon—Language a Multitude of Pictures—Great Pictures and GreatStatues painted and chiseled with Words—Mediocrity moral from aNecessity which it calls Virtue—Why Art Civilizes—The Nude—The Venusde Milo—This is Art.
THE DIVIDED HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH.
The Way in which Theological Seminaries were Endowed—ReligiousGuide-boards—Vast Interests interwoven with Creeds—Pretensions ofChristianity—Kepler's Discovery of his Three Great Laws—Equivocationsand Evasions of the Church—Nature's Testimony against theBible—The Age of Man on the Earth—"Inspired" Morality of theBible—Miracles—Christian Dogmas—What the church has been Compelled toAbandon—The Appeal to Epithets, Hatred and Punishment—"Spirituality"the last Resource of the Orthodox—What is it to be Spiritual?—TwoQuestions for the Defenders of Orthodox Creeds.
WHY AM I AN AGNOSTIC?
Part I. Inharmony of Nature and the Lot of Man with the Goodness andWisdom of a supposed Deity—Why a Creator is Imagined—Difficulty of theAct of Creation—Belief in Supernatural Beings—Belief and Worship amongSavages—Questions of Origin and Destiny—Progress impossible withoutChange of Belief—Circumstances Determining Belief—How may theTrue Religion be Ascertained?—Prosperity of Nations nor Virtueof Individuals Dependent on Religions or Gods—Uninspired BooksSuperior—Part II. The Christian Religion—Credulity—Miracles cannotbe Established—Effect of Testimony—Miraculous Qualities of allReligions—Theists and Naturalists—The Miracle of Inspiration—Howcan the alleged Fact of Inspiration be Established?—God's work andMan's—Rewards for Falsehood offered by the Church.
HUXLEY AND AGNOSTICISM.
Statement by the Principal of King's College—On the Irrelevancy of aLack of Scientific Knowledge—Difference between the Agnostic andthe Christian not in Knowledge but in Credulity—The real name ofan Agnostic said to be "Infidel"—What an Infidel is—"Unpleasant"significance of the Word—Belief in Christ—"Our Lord and his Apostles"possibly Honest Men—Their Character not Invoked—Possession by evilspirits—Professor Huxley's Candor and Clearness—The splendid Dreamof Auguste Comte—Statement of the Positive Philosophy—Huxley andHarrison.
ERNEST RENAN.
His Rearing and his Anticipated Biography—The complex Character of theChrist of the Gospels—Regarded as a Man by Renan—The Sin against theHoly Ghost—Renan on the Gospels—No Evidence that they were writtenby the Men whose Names they Bear—Written long after the Events theyDescribe—Metaphysics of the Church found in the Gospel of John—NotApparent why Four Gospels should have been Written—Regarded aslegendary Biographies—In "flagrant contradiction one with another"—TheDivine Origin of Christ an After-growth—Improbable that he intended toform a Church—Renan's Limitations—Hebrew Scholarship—His "People ofIsrael"—His Banter and Blasphemy.TOLSTOY AND "THE KREUTZER SONATA."Tolstoy's Belief and Philosophy—His Asceticism—His View of HumanLove—Purpose of "The Kreutzer Sonata"—Profound Difference between theLove of Men and that of Women—Tolstoy cannot now found a Religion, butmay create the Necessity for another Asylum—The Emotions—The CuriousOpinion Dried Apples have of Fruit upon the Tree—Impracticability ofselling All and giving to the Poor—Love and Obedience—Unhappiness inthe Marriage Relation not the fault of Marriage.
THOMAS PAINE.
Life by Moncure D. Conway—Early Advocacy of Reforms against Duelingand Cruelty to Animals—The First to write "The United States ofAmerica"—Washington's Sentiment against Separation from GreatBritain—Paine's Thoughts in the Declaration of Independence—Author ofthe first Proclamation of Emancipation in America—Establishment of aFund for the Relief of the Army—H's "Farewell Address"—The "Rights ofMan"—Elected to the French Convention—Efforts to save the Life of theKing—His Thoughts on Religion—Arrested—The "Age of Reason" and theWeapons it has furnished "Advanced Theologians"—Neglect by GouverneurMorris and Washington—James Monroe's letter to Paine and to theCommittee of General Safety—The vaunted Religious Liberty ofColonial Maryland—Orthodox Christianity at the Beginning of the 19thCentury—New Definitions of God—The Funeral of Paine.
THE THREE PHILANTHROPISTS.
I. Mr. A., the Professional Philanthropist, who established a Colonyfor the Enslavement of the Poor who could not take care of themselves,amassed a large Fortune thereby, built several churches, and earnedthe Epitaph, "He was the Providence of the Poor"—II. Mr. B.,the Manufacturer, who enriched himself by taking advantage of theNecessities of the Poor, paid the lowest Rate of Wages, consideredhimself one of God's Stewards, endowed the "B Asylum" and the "BCollege," never lost a Dollar, and of whom it was recorded, "He Livedfor Others." III. Mr. C., who divided his Profits with the People who hadearned it, established no Public Institutions, suppressed Nobody; andthose who have worked for him said, "He allowed Others to live forThemselves."
SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?
SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?Trampling on the Rights of Inferiors—Rise of the Irish and Germansto Power—The Burlingame Treaty—Character of Chinese Laborers—TheirEnemies in the Pacific States—Violation of Treaties—The Geary Law—TheChinese Hated for their Virtues—More Piety than Principle among thePeople's Representatives—Shall we go back to Barbarism?
A WORD ABOUT EDUCATION.
What the Educated Man Knows—Necessity of finding out the Factsof Nature—"Scholars" not always Educated Men; from necessaries toluxuries; who may be called educated; mental misers; the first duty ofman; university education not necessary to usefulness, no advantage inlearning useless facts.
WHAT I WANT FOR CHRISTMAS.
Would have the Kings and Emperors resign, the Nobility drop theirTitles, the Professors agree to teach only What they Know, thePoliticians changed to Statesmen, the Editors print only theTruth—Would like to see Drunkenness and Prohibition abolished,Corporal Punishment done away with, and the whole World free.
FOOL FRIENDS.
The Fool Friend believes every Story against you, never denies a Lieunless it is in your Favor, regards your Reputation as Common Prey,forgets his Principles to gratify your Enemies, and is so friendly thatyou cannot Kick him.
INSPIRATION.
Nature tells a different Story to all Eyes and Ears—Horace Greeley andthe Big Trees—The Man who "always did like rolling land"—What theSnow looked like to the German—Shakespeare's different Story for eachReader—As with Nature so with the Bible.
THE TRUTH OF HISTORY.
People who live by Lying—A Case in point—H. Hodson Rugg's Account ofthe Conversion of Ingersoll and 5,000 of his Followers—The "Identity ofLost Israel with the British Nation"—Old Falsehoods about Infidels—TheNew York Observer and Thomas Paine—A Rascally English Editor—TheCharge that Ingersoll's Son had been Converted—The Fecundity ofFalsehood.
HOW TO EDIT A LIBERAL PAPER.
The Editor should not narrow his Horizon so that he can see onlyOne Thing—To know the Defects of the Bible is but the Beginning ofWisdom—The Liberal Paper should not discuss Theological QuestionsAlone—A Column for Children—Candor and Kindness—Nothing should beAsserted that is not Known—Above All, teach the Absolute Freedom of theMind.
SECULARISM.
The religion of Humanity; what it Embraces and what it Advocates—AProtest against Ecclesiastical Tyranny—Believes in Building a Homehere—Means Food and Fireside—The Right to express your Thought—Itsadvice to every Human Being—A Religion without Mysteries, Miracles, orPersecutions.
CRITICISM OF "ROBERT ELSMERE," "JOHN WARD, PREACHER," AND "AN AFRICAN FARM."
Religion unsoftened by Infidelity—The Orthodox Minister whose Wife hasa Heart—Honesty of Opinion not a Mitigating Circumstance—Repulsivenessof an Orthodox Life—John Ward an Object of Pity—Lyndall of the"African Farm"—The Story of the Hunter—Death of Waldo—Women theCaryatides of the Church—Attitude of Christianity toward otherReligions—Egotism of the ancient Jews.
THE LIBEL LAWS.
All Articles appearing in a newspaper should be Signed by theWriter—The Law if changed should throw greater Safeguards around theReputation of the Citizen—Pains should be taken to give Prominence toRetractions—The Libel Laws like a Bayonet in War.
REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.
REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.Mr. Newton not Regarded as a Sceptic—New Meanings given to OldWords—The vanishing Picture of Hell—The Atonement—Confidence beingLost in the Morality of the Gospel—Exclusiveness of the Churches—TheHope of Immortality and Belief in God have Nothing to do with RealReligion—Special Providence a Mistake.
AN ESSAY ON CHRISTMAS.
The Day regarded as a Holiday—A Festival far olderthan Christianity—Relics of Sun-worship in ChristianCeremonies—Christianity furnished new Steam for an old Engine—PaganFestivals correspond to Ours—Why Holidays are Popular—They must be forthe Benefit of the People.
HAS FREETHOUGHT A CONSTRUCTIVE SIDE?
The Object of Freethought—what the Religionist calls "Affirmativeand Positive"—The Positive Side of Freethought—Constructive Work ofChristianity.
THE IMPROVED MAN.
He will be in Favor of universal Liberty, neither Master nor Slave; ofEquality and Education; will develop in the Direction of the Beautiful;will believe only in the Religion of this World—His Motto—Will notendeavor to change the Mind of the "Infinite"—Will have no Bells orCensers—Will be satisfied that the Supernatural does not exist—Will beSelf-poised, Independent, Candid and Free.
EIGHT HOURS MUST COME.
The Working People should be protected by Law—Life of no particularImportance to the Man who gets up before Daylight and works tillafter Dark—A Revolution probable in the Relations between Labor andCapital—Working People becoming Educated and more Independent—TheGovernment can Aid by means of Good Laws—Women the worst Paid—Thereshould be no Resort to Force by either Labor or Capital.
THE JEWS.
Much like People of other Religions—Teaching given Christian Childrenabout those who die in the Faith of Abraham—Dr. John Hall onthe Persecution of the Jews in Russia as the Fulfillment ofProphecy—Hostility of Orthodox early Christians excited by JewishWitnesses against the Faith—An infamous Chapter of History—Goodand bad Men of every Faith—Jews should outgrow their ownSuperstitions—What the intelligent Jew Knows.
CRUMBLING CREEDS.
CRUMBLING CREEDS.The Common People called upon to Decide as between the Universities andthe Synods—Modern Medicine, Law, Literature and Pictures as against theOld—Creeds agree with the Sciences of their Day—Apology the Preludeto Retreat—The Presbyterian Creed Infamous, but no worse thanthe Catholic—Progress begins when Expression of Opinion isAllowed—Examining the Religions of other Countries—The Pulpit'sPosition Lost—The Dogma of Eternal Pain the Cause of the orthodoxCreeds losing Popularity—Every Church teaching this Infinite Lie mustFall.
OUR SCHOOLS.
OUR SCHOOLS.Education the only Lever capable of raising Mankind—TheSchool-house more Important than the Church—Criticism of New York'sSchool-Buildings—The Kindergarten System Recommended—Poor Pay ofTeachers—The great Danger to the Republic is Ignorance.
VIVISECTION.
The Hell of Science—Brutal Curiosity of Vivisectors—The Pretence thatthey are working for the Good of Man—Have these scientific Assassinsadded to useful Knowledge?—No Good to the Race to be Accomplished byTorture—The Tendency to produce a Race of intelligent Wild Beasts.
THE CENSUS ENUMERATOR'S OFFICIAL CATECHISM.
Right of the Government to ask Questions and of the Citizen to refuseto answer them—Matters which the Government has no Right to pryinto—Exposing the Debtor's financial Condition—A Man might decline totell whether he has a Chronic Disease or not.
THE AGNOSTIC CHRISTMAS.
Natural Phenomena and Myths celebrated—The great Day of the firstReligion, Sun-worship—A God that Knew no Hatred nor Sought Revenge—TheFestival of Light.
SPIRITUALITY.
A much-abused Word—The Early Christians too Spiritual to beCivilized—Calvin and Knox—Paine, Voltaire and Humboldt notSpiritual—Darwin also Lacking—What it is to be really Spiritual—Noconnection with Superstition.
SUMTER'S GUN.
What were thereby blown into Rags and Ravelings—The Birth of anew Epoch announced—Lincoln made the most commanding Figure of theCentury—Story of its Echoes.
WHAT INFIDELS HAVE DONE.
What might have been Asked of a Christian 100 years afterChrist—Hospitals and Asylums not all built for Charity—GirardCollege—Lick Observatory—Carnegie not an Orthodox Christian—ChristianColleges—Give us Time.
CRUELTY IN THE ELMIRA REFORMATORY.
Brockway a Savage—The Lash will neither develop the Brain nor cultivatethe Heart—Brutality a Failure—Bishop Potter's apostolical Remark.
LAW'S DELAY.
The Object of a Trial—Justice can afford to Wait—The right ofAppeal—Case of Mrs. Maybrick—Life Imprisonment for Murderers—AmericanCourts better than the English.BIGOTRY OF COLLEGES.Universities naturally Conservative—Kansas State University'sObjection to Ingersoll as a commencement Orator—Comment by Mr. Depew(note)—Action of Cornell and the University of Missouri.
A YOUNG MAN'S CHANCES TO-DAY.
The Chances a few Years ago—Capital now Required—Increasingcompetition in Civilized Life—Independence the first Object—If he hassomething to say, there will be plenty to listen.
SCIENCE AND SENTIMENT.
Science goes hand in hand with Imagination—Artistic and EthicalDevelopment—Science destroys Superstition, not true Religion—Educationpreferable to Legislation—Our Obligation to our Children."SOWING AND REAPING."Moody's Belief accounted for—A dishonest and corrupting Doctrine—Awant of Philosophy and Sense—Have Souls in Heaven no Regrets?—Mr.Moody should read some useful Books.
SHOULD INFIDELS SEND THEIR CHILDREN TO SUNDAY SCHOOL?
Teachings of orthodox Sunday Schools—The ferocious God of theBible—Miracles—A Christian in Constantinople would not send hisChild to a Mosque—Advice to all Agnostics—Strangle the Serpent ofSuperstition.
WHAT WOULD YOU SUBSTITUTE FOR THE BIBLE AS A MORAL GUIDE?
Character of the Bible—Men and Women not virtuous because of anyBook—The Commandments both Good and Bad—Books that do not helpMorality—Jehovah not a moral God—What is Morality?—Intelligence theonly moral guide.
GOVERNOR ROLLINS' FAST-DAY PROCLAMATION.
Decline of the Christian Religion in New Hampshire—OutgrownBeliefs—Present-day Views of Christ and the Holy Ghost—AbandonedNotions about the Atonement—Salvation for Credulity—The Miraclesof the New Testament—The Bible "not true but inspired"—The "HigherCritics" riding two Horses—Infidelity in the Pulpit—The "restrainingInfluences of Religion" as illustrated by Spain and Portugal—Thinking,Working and Praying—The kind of Faith that has Departed.
A LOOK BACKWARD AND A PROPHECY.
TheTruth Seekercongratulated on its Twenty-fifth Birthday—Teachingsof Twenty-five Years ago—Dodging and evading—The Clerical Assaulton Darwin—Draper, Buckle, Hegel, Spencer, Emerson—Comparisonof Prejudices—Vanished Belief in the Devil—Matter andForce—Contradictions Dwelling in Unity—Substitutes for Jehovah—AProphecy.
POLITICAL MORALITY.
Argument in the contested Election Case of Strobach against Herbert—TheImportance of Honest Elections—Poisoning the Source of Justice—TheFraudulent Voter a Traitor to his Sovereign, the Will of thePeople—Political Morality Imperative.
A FEW REASONS FOR DOUBTING THE INSPIRATION OF THE BIBLE.
Date and Manner of Composing the Old Testament—Other Books not now inExistence, and Disagreements about the Canon—Composite Character ofcertain Books—Various Versions—Why was God's message given to the Jewsalone?—The Story of the Creation, of the Flood, of the Tower, andof Lot's wife—Moses and Aaron and the Plagues of Egypt—Laws ofSlavery—Instructions by Jehovah Calculated to excite Astonishment andMirth—Sacrifices and the Scapegoat—Passages showing that the Laws ofMoses were made after the Jews had left the Desert—Jehovah's dealingswith his People—The Sabbath Law—Prodigies—Joshua's Miracle—DamnedIgnorance and Infamy—Jephthah's Sacrifice—Incredible Stories—TheWoman of Endor and the Temptation of David—Elijah and Elisha—Loss ofthe Pentateuch from Moses to Josiah—The Jews before and after beingAbandoned by Jehovah—Wealth of Solomon and other Marvels.
PROF. VAN BUREN DENSLOW'S "MODERN THINKERS."
PREFACE TO DR. EDGAR C. BEALL'S "THE BRAIN AND THE BIBLE."
PREFACE TO "MEN, WOMEN AND GODS."
PREFACE TO "FOR HER DAILY BREAD."
PREFACE TO "AGNOSTICISM AND OTHER ESSAYS."
PREFACE TO "FAITH OR FACT."
THE GRANT BANQUET.
THIRTEEN CLUB DINNER.
ROBSON AND CRANE DINNER.
THE POLICE CAPTAINS' DINNER.
GENERAL GRANT'S BIRTHDAY DINNER
LOTOS CLUB DINNER, TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY.
MANHATTAN ATHLETIC CLUB DINNER.
THE LIEDERKRANZ CLUB, SEIDL-STANTON BANQUET.
THE FRANK B. CARPENTER DINNER.
UNITARIAN CLUB DINNER.
WESTERN SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC BANQUET.
LOTOS CLUB DINNER IN HONOR OF ANTON SEIDL.
LOTOS CLUB DINNER IN HONOR OF REAR ADMIRAL SCHLEY.
ADDRESS TO THE ACTORS' FUND OF AMERICA.
THE CHILDREN OF THE STAGE.
ADDRESS TO THE PRESS CLUB.
THE CIRCULATION OF OBSCENE LITERATURE.
CONVENTION OF THE NATIONAL LIBERAL LEAGUE.
CONVENTION OF THE AMERICAN SECULAR UNION.
THE RELIGIOUS BELIEF OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
ORGANIZED CHARITIES.
SPAIN AND THE SPANIARDS.
OUR NEW POSSESSIONS.
A FEW FRAGMENTS ON EXPANSION.
IS IT EVER RIGHT FOR HUSBAND OR WIFE TO KILL RIVAL?
PROFESSOR BRIGGS.
FRAGMENTS.
EFFECT OF THE WORLD'S FAIR ON THE HUMAN RACE.
SABBATH SUPERSTITION.
A TRIBUTE TO GEORGE JACOB HOLYOAKE.
AT THE GRAVE OF BENJAMIN W. PARKER.
A TRIBUTE TO EBON C. INGERSOLL
A TRIBUTE TO THE REV. ALEXANDER CLARK.
AT A CHILD'S GRAVE.
A TRIBUTE TO JOHN G. MILLS.
A TRIBUTE TO ELIZUR WRIGHT.
A TRIBUTE TO MRS. IDA WHITING KNOWLES.
A TRIBUTE TO HENRY WARD BEECHER.
A TRIBUTE TO ROSCOE CONKLING.
A TRIBUTE TO RICHARD H. WHITING.
A TRIBUTE TO COURTLANDT PALMER.
A TRIBUTE TO MRS. MARY H. FISKE.
A TRIBUTE TO HORACE SEAVER.
A TRIBUTE TO LAWRENCE BARRETT.
A TRIBUTE TO WALT WHITMAN.
A TRIBUTE TO PHILO D. BECKWITH.
A TRIBUTE TO ANTON SEIDL.
A TRIBUTE TO DR. THOMAS SETON ROBERTSON.
A TRIBUTE TO THOMAS CORWIN.
A TRIBUTE TO ISAAC H. BAILEY.
JESUS CHRIST.
LIFE.