FOOTNOTES.

THE BEACH, YARMOUTH.THE BEACH, YARMOUTH.

THE BEACH, YARMOUTH.

The largest Broad in the north-eastern part of the district I have already nominated as Hickling, which also includes Whitely and Chapman’s Broad. Horsey Mere is, however, still further east, and it is a lovely bit of wild water, with an abundance of tall poplars around the shores, and most picturesquely reeded. By proceeding up Palling Dyke, on the trip to which I have once or twice referred, I was able to stroll across to the beach, through the sand dunes, and inhale the real odour of brine from the ocean. On the way I passed the blackened ribs of a wrecked ship protruding from the silver sand which had been drifting year by year with the kindly object of burying them out of sight. The dunes here are high embankments of sand, covered with spear-like grass. Looking east was the blue sea and its ships and steamers; west was a sunshinyland, dotted with villages and farms. Barton Broad is a detached lake of considerable size; and in an opposite direction, south-east, is the long, narrow collection of Broads—Filby, Rollesby, and Ormesby—one expanse of water, independent of the rivers and cuts which abound in every other part of the district of the Broads. This peculiar piece of water straggles along a length of three miles, and throws out queerly shaped arms both east and west.

The attractions for visitors to the Broads are sailing, and sport with rod and gun. The country is so sparsely populated that the visitor has to provide rations for himself, and is, when once upon the Broads, far away from the noise of the world. The angler who has read glowing accounts of the sport to be obtained is likely to be disappointed at the large proportion of the water which is in private hands. The Broads and rivers abound with bream and roach; and there are pike, perch, and eels. In some of the Broads the rudd, which is first-cousin to the roach, occurs in incredible quantities, and affords capital fly-fishing on summer evenings off the fringes of the reedy thickets. A wholesale system of poaching, which has not been completely stopped by the special legislation provided by the Norfolk and Suffolk Freshwater Fisheries Act of 1877, has, however, of late years inflicted much injury. In his description of the marriage of Thames and Medway, Spenser selects the Yare as having—

“With him brought a present joyfullyOf his own fish unto their festival,Which like none else could show; the which they ruffins call.”

“With him brought a present joyfullyOf his own fish unto their festival,Which like none else could show; the which they ruffins call.”

“With him brought a present joyfully

Of his own fish unto their festival,

Which like none else could show; the which they ruffins call.”

By “ruffins” Spenser means the pope or ruffe, the voracious little impostor that pretends to be a perch, and that is often a nuisance to the East Anglian fisherman. According to Cuvier, this fish was discovered by Dr. Caius, who was a native of Norwich, and who, taking a ruffe in the Yare, sent it to Gesner.

Though the Episcopal City of Norwich is its great inland headquarters, Yarmouth is considered to be the capital of the Broads district. In the literal sense of the term these are well-known towns. Norwich abounds with old streets and houses, as becomes a city said to be of more than fourteen centuries date. Kings of East Anglia dwelt in its castle, or were ejected from it, as Saxons and Danes in turn carried it by storm. The keep and outer vallum are well preserved, and in celebration of the Queen’s Jubilee the building has been dedicated to the purposes of a County Museum. The cathedral, with its lofty steeple, and the Bishop’s Palace, are fine monuments of an historical past, and one of the palace apartments is lined with a carved oak wainscot, brought from the St. Benet’s Abbey mentioned on a preceding page.

Yarmouth, at the mouth of the Yare, is the Margate, if not the Brighton, of East Anglia. The narrow “rows” or connecting alleys between the main thoroughfares of the oldest portion of the town have a renown all their own.They are the principal curiosities of this emporium of fish-curing, and may be taken as a foil to the magnificent market-place, covering nearly three acres of flagged area. The types of men and women who gather here at the Saturday market are of a most varied and interesting kind; and the booths, like the comfortable country folks who furnish them, are just what they have been during the lifetime of the oldest inhabitant. The far-stretching yellow sands are the abiding strength of Yarmouth as a watering-place, and they give the place a steady average of prosperity which seaside resorts without so noble a beach cannot reckon upon. Of the remains left of the ancient walls, North Gate, bearing the date of 1396, is the best, but there are many venerable buildings worthy of inspection, such as the Elizabethan house on South Quay, built in 1596. The Market Place, as before indicated, is one of the largest in the country; and the grand parish church of St. Nicholas at its foot enjoys the same distinction. In all but name it is a cathedral of which any diocese might be proud.

W. Senior.

OUTWARD BOUND.OUTWARD BOUND.

OUTWARD BOUND.

[1]Suffer in patience.[2]“Our Own Country” (Alton Towers), Vol. IV., p. 234.[3]“Our Own Country,” Vol. VI., p. 155.[4]“Beauties of England and Wales,” Vol. IX., p. 566.[5]A. J. Jukes-Browne, “Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society,” Vol. XXXIX., p. 606.[6]It is called Aldreth; there was here some twenty years since an old wooden bridge, of which the late Professor Freeman (with whom I first visited the place) wrote in his “Norman Conquest” (vol. iv., p. 465), “It looked very much as if it had been broken down by Hereward, and not mended since.” A few years later I found it had almost disappeared.[7]Much information not only on this, but also on many other questions relating to the fens, will be found in Messrs. Miller and Skertchly’s book “The Fenland.”[8]The Author, “Cambridgeshire Geology,” p. 8.

[1]Suffer in patience.

[2]“Our Own Country” (Alton Towers), Vol. IV., p. 234.

[3]“Our Own Country,” Vol. VI., p. 155.

[4]“Beauties of England and Wales,” Vol. IX., p. 566.

[5]A. J. Jukes-Browne, “Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society,” Vol. XXXIX., p. 606.

[6]It is called Aldreth; there was here some twenty years since an old wooden bridge, of which the late Professor Freeman (with whom I first visited the place) wrote in his “Norman Conquest” (vol. iv., p. 465), “It looked very much as if it had been broken down by Hereward, and not mended since.” A few years later I found it had almost disappeared.

[7]Much information not only on this, but also on many other questions relating to the fens, will be found in Messrs. Miller and Skertchly’s book “The Fenland.”

[8]The Author, “Cambridgeshire Geology,” p. 8.

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