SeeDelugeandArk.Nubia, resemblance of sculptures, found at temple of Kalabche in, to certain sculptures at Old Kilcullen and Knockmoy,337-343.Nullog(Irish name for Sabaic rites), its derivation and meaning,350.Obeliskat Sandwick (Ross-shire), description of,305-309.O’Connoron thegnomonorcelestial-indextheory of the round towers,51.Ogg(Colonel), phallic sculpture presented by him to the H. E. I. C.,229n.Oghamcharacter,419,420,437.Ogygia, name of Ireland, or of theInsula Hyperboreorum,437.Olive Branch(Noachian), its significance,278.Ollamh Fodlah, orFeidlimidh(king of Ireland), meaning of his name,430;date of his accession,430;his ancestry,430;reputed founder of the round towers,430,431;and see502.Ophiolatreia(a form of Sabaism), identical withGadelianism,505;the specific object of its worship,505.SeeSerpent-Worship.Ordericus Vitalis, his use of the nameIrensesfor the Irish,121.O’Rorkes, reputed founders of the round towers,39,40.Orosius(fifth century) on theScotias being inhabitants of Ireland,54n.OrpheusandOrphean,404.405.Osarsiph(name for Moses),151.Osiris(Egyptian deity), the object of Sabaic and Phallic worship,105,106;the same as Apollo,437;his staff,490.SeeIsis.Padma-devi(Brahminic), its meaning,93;connection with the Pyramids,92.Pagodas(Hindu), derivation of the name,73,352n.;not fire-temples, but devoted to the worship of the sun and moon,73;significance of their form,73,74;their phallic import,103;cruciform construction of those at Benares and Madura,352.Palatine(Hill), etymology of the name,198n.Palaver(I.), identical withPahlavi, the Persian court dialect,122.Palenque, orPalencia, Sabaic and Phallic import of sculptures at,229;cross symbolism at,489;affinity of its religion to that of ancient Ireland,501;votanand theCulebra,501,502;its triple symbolism ofyoni, theserpent, anddeath,229,503.Pali(Hindu), name for theUksos, or shepherd kings,142,143,146.Paradise, another name forIran,285.Paramon(apostate Buddhist), founder of Brahminism, derivation and meaning of his name,216,217.Parsees, orGhebres, disciples of Zoroaster, and fire-worshippers,71.Parvati, the regenerate name ofSati(Hindu goddess), and theYonijas,260,261.PeiromandPiromis(cf. SanskritBirouma), as the origin of the namePyramid,147.Peirum(king of Formosa), Japanese legend of,147,148.Pelasgi, sprang from the same stock as the Tuath-de-danaans,55;were in fact a branch of the latter,85;called alsoTyrseni,85;the real builders of Cyclopean walls,86;correspondence of the Cyclopean architecture with that of certain Irish remains,86;introduced fire-worship into Italy,87.Penances(Turrish), performed round the round towers,517.Persepolis, description of,179.Persia, derivation of the name,177;the source of European civilisation,177;Heeren’s account of the origin of the Persian empire,178-183;antiquity and grandeur of the remains of Persepolis,179;remarkable absence of ancient records of,180;erroneous views of Herodotus and Arrian respecting,180;Terceira on the ignorance by Persians of their own history,181;Heeren’s classification of ancient eastern empires,182,183;theZendandPehlivilanguages of Persia,182;Irish the possible key to both,183;Lake Zevora and theAria Palus,183;site of the ancientAria, the latter distinct fromAriana,183,184,187;description of ancient Aria (Eriene-Veedjo),186;disastrous change of its climate leading to its desertion by the Arii,186,187;subsequent immigration of the latter into,187;Zoroaster and his predecessors,188-190;the Mahabadean dynasty,190,245,246;meaning of the name,247;antiquity of the Iranian monarchy,190;Moshan Fani’s account of the ancient Hushang religion,188-193;Sir J. Malcolm’s description of the same,193;its Sabian character,194;its origin,194n.;its adoption by the early Greeks,194;original seat of Buddhism,244;evidence of the Dabistan,245-247;the pre-Zoastrian dynasty founded by Mahabad,245,246;hisAbadsuccessors,246,247;decadence of the Mahabadean dynasty,246,247;Iy-Affram and Iy-abad dynasties,246,247;Shah Kisleer and Mahabool,247;the Yessan dynasty,247;Kaiomurs, or Gilshah,247;Cain’s descendants Mahabadeans,247;distinct position among the Mahabadeans of the Tuath-de-danaans,248;rule of the Tuath-de-danaans in, how terminated,252-259;silence of Persian historians on this point accounted for,252,253;Vallancey’s error,253-255;thePith- (orPish-)de-danaandynasty,252-259;consequent respect for women in ancient Persia,262,263;affinity of the Ogham character to the “arrow-heads” of Persepolis,340;resemblance of the Irish and Persians in physique, customs, etc.,437-444;the trefoil reverenced in Persia as well as in Ireland,439,440;only thefirstTuath-de-danaan invasion of Ireland was from Persia,443.SeeFire-WorshipandIran.Phallic Worship, connection of the round towers with,61,62,91,101,103,371,372,511;religious character of,93,105,213;as practised in India,94;fable of devotees beguiled by Sheeva and Prakeety,97-101;phallic form of round towers,101,248;also of pillars at Solomon’s temple,101;of Astarte or Rimmon,101,102;meaning ofToradh,102n.;fable of Gal and Noudabah,102n.;thelingamand its priesthood,102,112;Indian and Irish pagodas, devoted to,103;meaning ofBudh,103,228,229;also ofBaal Phearagh,103;also ofCathoir-ghallandTeaumpal-na-greine,103;crescent of Sheeva symbolised on round towers,103;phallic significance ofFidh-Nemphed,105;identity of Sabianism with,105;fable ofIsisandOsiris,106;of the sun and moon,75,109,110;extended to agriculture,111;Belli-Paaro,111;identity and antiquity of Buddhism, Phallism, and Sabaism,213;what the “forbidden fruit” of Scripture signified,227;Eve and the “tree of knowledge,”228,285,501,506;Budh,Fiodh,Beth, their common significance,228,229;theMaypoleceremonial,233et seq.;derivation and meaning oflingamandyoni,259,260;their secondary meaning, also that ofTuathandPishorPith,256,257;origin ofLingajasandYonijas, according to the Puranas,260,261;Chinese legend of Puzza and the lotus,257,258;significance of the sacred “crescent,”261;introduction of crescent worship into Persia,261,262;Hebrew name for tower of Babel, phallic import of,283,284;significance of the triangle and the pyramid,267-269;Pythagoreantriangle of ten,267,268;phallic import of the nameThebitfor the “ark,”270,271;the “ark of bulrushes” and the doctrine of “virginal conception,”271;“Come thou and all thy house into the ark” explained,272;derivation of the symbolic “crescent” or lunar “boat,”273;the Irish “crescent” brooches,273,274;Delphic and other personifications ofyoni,282n.;the temple of Belus at Babylon,283n.;the Ogg sculpture in the British Museum, its phallic and Buddhistic significance,229n.;Eve and the “Serpent,”285et seq.,505;origin of the twoDanaansects,i.e.theTuathsandPiths,286;legend of Apollo and the python,291,292;also of the Purana “Snakegiant,”292;Proserpine and the “serpent,”303;identity ofBudha-gayaandBudh-gaye,310,311;their common and their secondary meaning,311;degradation of Phallicism,311,312;how evinced in the titleHeliogabalus,312;phallic character of theEleusinianmysteries,349;also of those of theBona DeaandPhiditia,349;Phallussynonymous withBudh, alsoBudh-gaye(Irish) withBudha-gaya(Hindu), meaning of both,311;phallic configuration of the round towers,372,511.Pharaoh, synonymous with Farragh and Phearagh,142.Phearagh(Irish pagan deity). SeeFarragh.Pheelea, its derivation, meaning, and use,459-461;Irish specimen found at Ballymony,461;also, asPheeleas, (an order of Irish priesthood), etymology of connected with the Greek oracularPeleiaiof Dodona,459;oracular tube of this nature found at Ballymony,460;its uses and symbolism explained,461,462.Phiditia, a form of phallic worship practised at Carthage,349.Philabeg(a portion of ancient Irish costume). SeeKilt.Phœnicians, round towers not built by,413,414;their sole connection with Ireland,414,420;a mercantile, not a literary, people,415;not connected with Irish letters,420.Phrygians, their reference to theInsula Hyperboreorum,436;traces of their costume in the sculptures at Knockmoy,437.Picts, persecution of Tuath-de-danaans by,57n.,326,431.Pire-monc(Coptic name for pyramid), its meaning,148.Piromis(Egyptian high priest) andPiromia, as the origin ofPyramid,147.Pish, orPith, its signification,255-257.Pish-de-danaans, orPith-de-danaans, meaning of the name,257;how distinguished from the Tuath-de-danaans,255-257,282;origin of the war between the two sects,258;victory of the Pish-de-danaans and consequent expulsion from Persia of their rivals,259;Hindu version of a corresponding struggle between theLingajasandYonijas,260,261;their political and moral code, and worship of theYoni, or “sacred crescent,”261,262;their subsequent expulsion fromIran, or Persia, and retreat to Egypt,281;known there as theUksi, or shepherd kings,281;builders of the pyramids,282;dwelt inShinar(Mesopotamia) pending their arrival in Egypt,282;communicated to Moses the legend of the Deluge,283;known also asYavanas,273,283.SeeTuath-de-danaans.Pomegranate Ornament, mentioned in connection with bells in Scripture,171;the nameRimmonexpressive of,102,172;its significance,102;depicted in the mouldings of the round towers,172.Pomponius Melaon Druidic learning,57.Pope, as to the alleged papal origin of the ancient Irish crosses,489-492.PrakeetyandSheeva, Hindu legend of,97-101.Pratya-sha(Brahminical), visible emanations from the Deity,288.Proserpineand the Serpent, allegory of,303.Prutaneion(Greek), its nature, derivation, and applied meaning,198n.Puranas(Hindu sacred writings), cited,260,279n.,325-329,499.Puzzaand theLotus, Chinese legend of,257,258.Pyramids, cost of building,7;purpose for which they were intended,77,145,157,158,248;whether used as sepulchres,75,76,158,159,162;Brahminic theory respecting,92,161;origin of those at Ghiza,144-156,281,282;marble casing of,144;dimensions of the great pyramid,145,267;peculiar construction of the smaller ones,145;derivation of the word “pyramid,”145-149;images of the Pyromis,147;not intended as granaries,145;description of their general structure,157;their astronomical character,158;internal passage pointing to the polar star,157;whether intended to be metrical standards,158;or sepulchres,158,159,162;sarcophagus in the Great Pyramid,159;sarcophagus of Apis at Biban-el-Moluk,159,160;theory of Herodotus regarding,160,161;Brahminic theory from existence of wells under,161,162;probability of corresponding excavations under the round towers,162,163;the JapanesePeirum,147,148;Coptic name for,148;Indian origin of,148;whether the Israelites were employed in constructing,148-156;vicinity of Ghizeh to the land of Goshen,153;ignorance of the Egyptians respecting their origin accounted for,154;Buddhistic doctrine of their emblemism,248;coincidence between dimensions of the Great Pyramid and those of the “ark,”267;probably erected by the Uksos, or shepherd kings,i.e.by the Pish-de-danaans,281,282.Pyratheia(fire-temples), Strabo’s description of, opposed to the whole character of the round towers,72.Pyrea, or fire-temples of the Chaldeans, Persians, etc.,69.Pythagorasand the triangle of ten,267,268;Tuath-de-danaan mission to,449,450;meaning of his name,507,508.Pythia, derivation and meaning of,507;transmission to the oracle of the inspiring vapour throughpheeleas,460,507.Python, allegory of Apollo and the, its origin and meaning,291,292,330;its representation at Knockmoy,330.Raven(Noachian), sent forth from the ark, what it typified,278.Rimmon (Astarte), its meaning and emblemism,101,102.Rinke-teumpoil(temple dance), its connection with the round towers,517.Ritty(wife of Camadeva), her place in the Hindu phallic mythology,94.Rome, connection of the IrishChaildeeswith,44;Montmorency’s theory on this point,44,45;academies of Ireland superior to those of,45;nature and extent of the acknowledgment of Roman supremacy in Ireland,45;Dr. Hurd on the relation of theChaildeesto,46;Fenelon on the moral and religious status of,46.Round Towers, to be regarded asSabiantowers,3,4;or primitive Buddhist temples,4;Buddhist origin claimed for them in common with Cromleachs and Mithratic caves,2,3;not designed for penitential or purgatorial purposes,5;not specially intended as beacons or belfries,5,6,10,12,13,36,37;not limited to any special purpose,6;durability, costliness, and complexity of their structure,6,7;inferior construction of churches in their vicinity, showing that the latter date from a subsequent period,7,514;instance of a R. T. without a church near it,514;not of Danish origin,9,10;as to the alleged Christian origin of those at Brechin and Abernethy in Scotland,8,10,431;how Scotch differ from Irish R. T.,10;the “cell” theory,13,14;the existence of R. T. in Scotland accounted for,10;their being termedCloghadsno proof of their being merely belfries,10-12;not intended as retreats or depositories in the case of a hostile invasion, or as places of seclusion for anchorites,13-15,35,36;nor as “excubiæ” (Stanihurst’s theory),14,15;their connection with freemasonry,19,20;and with theBards,22,23;their antiquity,27,28;erected by followers ofBaal Phearagh,29;inference from the peculiar position of their doors,33;belfry at Slane not a R. T.,36,37;not meant as monastic fortresses,37,38;that of Devenish,38,71;allegation that they were founded by the O’Rorkes and M‘Carthys,39,40;that of Ballycarberry,48;described by Giraldus Cambrensis,49;alleged to be submerged under Lough Neagh,50;the “celestial index” theory,52;