Chapter I.—Somewhat Fabulous.PAGEThe Seven Sleepers of Ephesus; Legend of the Seven Sisters of Sleep; Laureates of Sleep; Necessity of Sleep; Pleasures of Sleep; Sanctity of Sleep; The “Last Sleep of Argyle;” Death of Sleeping Duncan; Desdemona and Othello; Drowsiness, fatal alike to Devotion and Instruction1Chapter II.—The Sisters of Old.Hemp amongst the Scythians; Intoxicating vapours of the Massagetæ; theNepenthesof Homer; the Secret of Egyptian Thebes; The Poppy of the Ancients; Secret Poisoning of Aratus of Sicyon; The Acts of Locusta; Death of Britannicus; The Delphic Oracle; Arabian Nights; Another Nepenthes; Antony’s Retreat; Retreat of the Ten Thousand; Something unknown10Chapter III.—The “Wond’rous Weed.”Legendary origin of Tobacco; Use in Hispaniola; Names for Tobacco; First Discovery by Europeans; Introduction into France, Tuscany, Spain and Portugal, England; Complaints against it; Smoking taught to the Dutch; Studenten Kneipe; Tobacco in the East; Progress in England; Opposition by James I. and other monarchs in Russia, Italy, Persia, Turkey, Tuscany, &c.; Raleigh and Queen Elizabeth; Lovers of Tobacco; The Distribution of the Tobacco Plant; Consumption of Tobacco; Curious use of the Flowers; Tobacco Poison; Antidote to Arsenic; Finance questions; Religious prohibitions; King James’s “Counterblaste.”19Chapter IV.—The Cabinet of Cloudland.A Premier; Lord Mayor Staines; Smoking the Plague; A First Cigar; Infant Smokers at Vizagapatam; Burmah; Female Smokers in China; Smokers in Persia, Siam, Japan, Nicaragua, on the Amazon, in New Guinea, Havana, Manilla; The Binua of Johore; Signor Calistro’s Story; Cigars on the Orinoco; In Chili; The Court of Montezuma; Panama Smokeblowers; Rocky Mountain Indians; Salvation Yeo; Yemen Smokers; Smoking in Austria; Turkish Cloudland; Defeat of Napoleon; Curious Legend; Old Epigram; Cost of Puffing; Yankee Calculations; Smoking in New York; Cigar-making in the States38Chapter V.—Pipeology.Philosophy in a pipe; St. Omer pipes; English pipes; Curious Indian pipe; Turkish bowls; Meerschaum; Massa bowls; Amber mouth-pieces; Origin of amber; Modern Egyptian pipes; The Shibuk; The Nargeeleh; The Gozeh; Egoodu of the Zulus; Hubble-bubble of the Delagoans; Kaffir bowls; Sailors’ pipes; Bamboo pipes; Winna of British Guiana; Shell pipes; Chinese pipes; Metallic pipes; Ode to a Tobacco-pipe; Red pipe-stone quarry; Stone pipes of Rocky Mountains; The “Calumet;” The Sultan’s pipe-bearer; Wooden pipes; Modern pipeology; Pipes in Australia58Chapter VI.—Sniffing and Sneeshin.The Franciscan of Sterne; Etymology of Snuff; Pouncet-boxes; The “Niopo” of the Ottomacs; The “Curupa” of the Omaguas; Snuffing in Iceland; Zulu Calabashes; Early Snuff-taking Apparatus; Origin of the “Mull;” Magnificent Mull; Mongrabin Cases; Strong Snuff of the Sahara; Plugging and Quidding; Snuff-taking Estimates; Snuff dipping; Death in the Box; Adulterated Snuff; Snuff Scents; Substitutes for Snuff; Lead Poison; Advice Gratis; Gold Snuff-boxes; Amber Snuff-boxes; Boxes of Hard-shelled Seeds; Chinese Flasks; Chinese Snuffing; A Snuff-stick; Birch-bark Boxes; Scotch Snuff-boxes; Introduction of Snuffing; Varieties of Snuff; Hardham’s 37; Gossip on Sneezing; Pseudo-philosophy of a Sneeze73Chapter VII.—Quid Pro Quo.Eccentricities of Taste; Miles of Pig-tail; Tobacco and Tea Calculations; Chewing Ladies of Paraguay; Tchuktchi Chewers; Tobacco and Natron Quids; Taking the “Bucca;” Chewing Snuff; Quidding in Washington; Dignified Proceedings in the Senate House; The Kou of the Hottentots; Angelica Root; Chewing Dulse; A Quidding Monkey94Chapter VIII.—A Race of Pretenders.Adulterated Tobacco; Substitutes; Coltsfoot; Milfoil; Rhubarb; Bogbean; Sage; Mountain Tobacco; Cossena; Sumach; Bearberry; Maize Husks; Pimento; Cascarilla Bark; Polygonum; Dagga; Wild Dagga; Culen; Purphiok; Rope-smoking Chaplain; Farewell to Tobacco104Chapter IX.——“Mash Allah”—The Gift.What is Opium? Indian Cultivation; The Nushtur; Cutting the Capsules; Collecting the Juice; Use of the Refuse; Post; Boosa; Poppy Trash; Pussewah and Lewah; Different Forms of Preparation; Chandu; Its Preparation in Singapore; Singular Workman; Adulterations; Tye and Samshing; Egyptian Conserves; Cordials; Modes of taking Opium; Immense Doses; Opium in the “Fen Country;” The Crow and the Pigeon; Estimate of Opium Consumption114Chapter X.—The Gates of Paradise.Paradise of the Moslems; Siamese Opium-pipes; Chinese Opium-pipe; Smoking the Drug; Its Effects; An Old Malay; Opium Experiences; Dr. Madden’s Trial; The Habit in China; Dr. Medhurst’s Report; Victims at Shanghae; Percentage of Smokers; Amongst the Shikhs; Influence on those engaged in its preparation; Chinese petition; Results in China; Opium-eating poultry132Chapter XI.—Revels and Reveries.Mahomet’s Ascent into Heaven; Mental Effects of Opium; An Opium-eater’s Reverie; At the Opera; Peeping into the Stores at Hong-Kong; Opium-shops; Papan Mera; Stores in Singapore; Opium in China; Remarks of M. Abbé Huc149Chapter XII.—Pandemonium.Runningamokin Java—in Singapore—in Batavia; Pains of opium; Piranesi’s dream; Confessions of crocodile visions; Horrible dreams; Fever phantasmagoria of “Alton Locke;” A fable; Chinese opium-smoker; Mustapha Shatoor; The Theriakis; Heu Naetse’s opinion; Experiences of a surgeon at Penang; Testimonies of Abbé Huc; Ho King Shan; Oppenheim; Dr. Madden; Dr. Oxley; Dr. Little; Opium and Insurance; Another side of the question163Chapter XIII.—Opium Morals.Examination of Criminals at Singapore; Income and expenditure; Opium-Smoking and crime; Examination of transports; Drunkenness compared with opium-smoking; De Quincey’s comparison; Abuse of opium the source of poverty; The diseased poor of Singapore; Their consumption of opium; Cooly smokers; Difficulty of discarding the habit of opium-smoking; Opinion of Dr. Eatwell181Chapter XIV.—False Prophets.Preparations of opium; History of lettuce; Lactucarium; Narcotic effects of Lettuce; Lacticiferous plants; Dutchman’s laudanum; Syrian rue; Sterculia seeds; Beah leaves; Adulterations; Imitation opium-balls199Chapter XV.—Nepenthes.Influence of climate on plants; Native home of hemp; Properties of hemp-seed; Distribution of hemp; Scythian hemp; Antiquity of hemp; Churrus, or hemp resin; Momeca; Gunjah; Bang, or Guaza; Majoon; Haschisch; Dawamese; Hashasheens and Assassins; Berch; Dacha; Hemp in India—in Egypt; Use of Stimulants212Chapter XVI.—Gunja at Home.“At home;” Influence of hemp extract; Intoxication; Annihilation of time; Happiness; M. de Saulcey’s trial; Extraordinary delusions; History of Genii; The Sheykh’s jinnee; Mr. Lane’s cook and the efreet; The captain’s sheep; Mansour’s jinnee; Experiments; The impromptu mjah; The fosterer of superstition amongst the Arabs230Chapter XVII.—Hubble-Bubble.Dakka smoking at Ambriz; Bushmen smokers; Curious method of the Bechuanas; Egoodu of the Zulus; Snuffling hemp; Hubble-Bubble of the Delagoans; Haschishans of Constantine; Gunjah in India; Predilection of “Young America” for Bang250Chapter XVIII.—Siri and Pinang.The Malayan race; Areca palm; Qualities of nuts; Produce of trees; Annual production; Preparation; How used; Local names; Chinese consumption; Cinghalese instruments; Confirmed habits; Estimates of consumption; The palm in Sumatra; Substitutes in the Philippines—in Ceylon; Poetical votaries257Chapter XIX.—Under the Palms.The betel peppers; Their cultivation;Chenaiof Penang; Polynesian ava; Chewing cava at Tongataboo; Pipula moola; Gambir preparation; “Kutt,” or cutch; Story of an Indian “kutt” maker; Areca cutch; Statistics of the catechu and gambir trade267Chapter XX.—Chewing the Coon.In Burmah; The Manilla doctor; Yankee adventure; Teeth colouring properties; Custom in Sumatra; Betel-stand of the Sultan of Moco-moco; Of the Sultan of Sooloo; Betel a corrective of over-doses of opium; Tagali maidens; A Tagal wedding; Making the buyos; Mahomedan abstinence; Offer to Lady Raffles277Chapter XXI.—Our Lady of Yongas.Coca under the Incas; Origin of the name; Early history; The coca shrub; The harvest; Estimated production; Estimated consumption and consumers; Spanish protection; Method of using the coca; How to enjoy it; Stimulating effects; Coca tea-parties; Confirmed coqueros; The virtues of coca; The vices of coca; Power of allaying hunger; Questionable nutritive properties; Devotion of Peruvians to it; Narcotic rhododendrons285Chapter XXII.—Whitewash and Clay.Lime-eating at Paria; Among the Guajiros; White mud of the River Mackenzie; Edible clay of the Guanos and Ottomacs; Of Banco; Caouac of Western Africa; Tanaampo and ampo of Java; Edible stone of New Caledonia; Lime at Popayan; Leche de llanka of Quito; Russian stone butter; Steinbutter and bergbutter of Germany; Bergmehl of Sweden; Fossil infusoria; MM. Cloquet and Breschet’s experiments; Bucaro clay of Portugal and Spain; Pahsa of La Paz; Chaco of Chiquisaca; Red earth of Sikkim304Chapter XXIII.—Precious Metals.Wherein metals are precious; Cumulative action of mineral poisons; Use of corrosive sublimate; Arsenic eaters of Styria; in Canada; Benefits claimed for it; Arseniated tobacco of China; Effects of Arsenic; Uses of Arsenic at home314Chapter XXIV.—Datura and Co.Solanaceous plants and their properties; The thorn-apple of India; The Florispondio of Peru; Its superstitious uses; Indulgence therein in New Granada; Effects of thorn-apple on the Jamaica soldiers; Origin of Belladonna; Its effects as a poison; Influence on the brain; A family beneath the spell; Henbane and its effects; Jealousy caused and cured; Foxglove leaves323Chapter XXV.—The Exile of Siberia.Kamtschatdale prospects; Poisonous fungi; The amanita-eater in Russia; Fatal effects of amanita; Description; Preparation of the fungus; Method of indulging therein; Effects produced; Its singular properties; “Sucking the monkey;” Narcotic symptoms of poisonous fungi; Narcotism of puff-ball336Chapter XXVI.—Odds and Ends.Gathering the crumbs; Smoke vision of life; The Canadian herb; Legend of St. Betsy; Two Ottoman swains; Story of Abou Gallioun; Chinese designations; Smoke doth follow the fairest; The broken pipe of Saladin; Clerical authority; The Angel of Sleep and the Angel of Death346Appendix.Tables of chronology of tobacco; Of consumption of tobacco; Duties on importation of tobacco; Profits of the French Regie; Consumption of tobacco in Britain; Consumption of tobacco in the Austrian Empire; Exports from the United States in 1855; Disposition of the growth of the United States in 1840 and 1850; Exports from America in decennial periods; Analysis of tobacco; Return of opium exports; Income of East India Company from opium monopoly; Opium statistics of Great Britain; Analysis of opium; Prisoners sentenced to the House of Correction, and their opium habits; Opium consumed in the Singapore Hospital; Reports of opium smoking in China; Professor Johnston’s estimates; Synopsis of narcotics with their substitutes357