Acids, vegetable,10Action of acids on copper,44of silver under heat,8Acts of the Legislature,189on licences,186clause on,193,194Advantages of scorification,20Air in furnace,33Alkalies, caustic,10Allowed, remedy in fineness,72Alloy,41Clark’s patent,172commonly used,63for cupel quantity,35for hall-marking,62for plate,71for silver-wares,72French, for coinage,69French, for plate,69French, for silver-ware,69German, for coinage,71instructions in preparing,70new,205Nos. 1 to 8,64-67of the highest quality,62silver dissolving,202standard,61white,172Alloy, with copper,68with palladium,173with platinum,172Alloys of common silver,167-170characteristics of,173,174imitation,166-173imitation, uses of,173of nickel,46of silver,42of tin with gold,49of tin with silver,49silversmith’s,40,197Aluminium alloy,205solder,206Amalgam,41Amalgamation of zinc,153America,11American supply of silver,12Ancient method of assaying,37workers in tin,48Ancients,6Annealing silver,109Anthracite,21Art in soldering,90in the silver trade,122Articles, hand-made,54of silver common,147Art of soldering,74Arts, metals employed in,41Assay crucible,16charge for,17English system,39fluxes,16of silver ores,16scorification,19weighing of,30Assayer’s muffle,28Assaying, borax, use of, in,22Dr. Lamborn on,38of silver ores,16Austrian style of work,211Battery, Bunsen’s,152constant,150exciting mixture,151for plating,150solution,151Bean-shot copper,44Best crucibles,95Birmingham,52Black cyanide,157Blowpipes,89Boiling-out mixture,144pan,143pickle,93Bone-ash,32cupel,33Borax,22sprinkle,92Breaking-down rollers,112Brightening,29British Isles,11Brown colour on silver goods,146Burning of lemel,104of polishings,179,180Burnished silver work,124Burnishing silver work,161,162Calculated alloys, various,80Calculating the qualities of silver,64Carbonate of soda,16,102Casting-mould,18Cause of inferior work,74Caustic alkalies,10Cement for chasers,121Chain bracelets,128Chain solder,85Characteristics of imitation alloys,173,174of metals,41Charcoal,99Charge and flux for crucible,23for assay,17for scorification assay,20Chief places for filigree,53of filigree manufacture,8uses of silver,9Chinese filigree,56silver,170Chloride of silver,183Christianity and tin,48Clark’s alloy,172Cleaning plate,198powder for plate,206Coinage,69alloys for,71English,61French,69German,71Collecting-vessels,184Colour-improving,149Common articles of silver,147easy solder,85silver alloy,167-173silver solder,84solder,85solders,81Composition for solder,81Conducting-wires,154Connections for soldering,77Constant battery,150Continental cheap labour,54method of assaying,22silversmiths,208Copper,42action of acids on,44bean-shot,44characteristics of,43chemical name,44dissolving,202for alloying,68powder for,199protoxide of,44solder with,76Cost of silver alloys,64,67of silver-rolling,112Cronstedt,45Crucible, dimensions,16for lemel,106mixture for,104pouring lemel from,107weighing metal for,95Crucible assay,16fluxes for,16process of,19Crucibles,95best to employ,95action with fluxes,96testing soundness,97Cupel, defects in,33mode of manufacture,26mould,27quantity of alloy for,35tongs,28withdrawal of silver,34Cupellation,26of silver ores,31purity of silver,37Cup-fusing,19Currents of air to furnace,33Cyanide solution,156black,157Defects in bone-ash cupel,33Density of nickel,45of silver,7of tin,48Dimensions of crucible,16Dipping-mixture,199Directions on melting,94in preparing solders,88Discoverer of electro-plating,149Dissolving silver,202copper,202impurities,103soft solder,202silver solder,202sealing-wax,202tin,48Dissolution of silver,9Dr. Lamborn,38Drawbacks to hall-marking,63Draw-bench,114,115Drawing fine wire,116Draw-plate,114Draw-tongs,115Drossy solders,88Drum for wire-drawing,115Ductility of nickel,45of silver,6of tin,49of zinc,48East Indian silversmiths,141Easy solders,79for chains,85silver solder,80solder,81solder, for filigree work,84solder, common,85Economical processes,175Economy,1Education, technical,2Electro-plate,46Electro-plating,147discoverer of,149soft solder,202Elements, metallic, table of,50Employed metals,41Enamelling,131England, alloy commonly used,63English and foreign workmen,2coinage,61filigree workers,91silversmiths,63standard for silver,60style of work,211system of assay,39Enriching the surfaces of silver,139Exciting mixture for battery,151Experts, Government,73Filigree manufacture,8method of making,57of China and Japan,56of Norway and Sweden,56silver work,127wire, new,59work,5,40,52working,56Filed solders,76Flatting of twisted wire,59Flux and charge for crucible,23for soldering,77in pouring,101Fluxes for assay,16their action on crucibles,96employed in melting,96Foreign silver currency,13silver standards,207,8workmen,2French alloy for silver ware,69alloy for coinage,69alloy for plate,70French duty,208standards,69style of work,209Fusibility of nickel,45of tin,48of silver solders,80Fusing-cup,19Galvanic ring,129German coinage,71standards,72style of work,210Gold alloyed with tin,49mode of soldering,88removing, from silver,198,205Goods, silver, brown colour of,146Government experts,73Gravity, specific, of zinc,47Great Britain,11Guarantee mark,73Hall-marking, alloy for,62drawbacks,63Hand-made articles,54Hard silver solders,79solder, best,81Hardest silver solder,78silver solder,79Hardness of silver,8Hawk-sparrow,119Heating power of silver,7Hollow silver work,131Imitation silver alloys,166,173alloys, characteristics of,173alloys, uses of,173silver,166,197Improving colour of electro-plate,149Impurities, dissolving,105Indian filigree workers,5Indian filigree silversmiths,141mode of whitening,142Industrial arts,41Inferior plating solution,159Ingot-mould,100Instructions in preparing alloys,68Irregularities in rolling-mills,110Japanese filigree,56Jewellery trade, state of,12Law on silver wares,73Lead,103Legislature, Acts of,186Lemaille solder,91Lemel,104burning,104crucible,106melting,104-106pot for,104pouring from crucible,107Licence question,191Licences,190Litharge,17Loss, working,175real,175total working,176Making filigree,56Malleability of nickel,45of silver,6of tin,49of zinc,48Maltese filigree,55Manner of removing litharge,35Manufacture of cupels,26inferior,73of filigree,53of silver wares,72Mark, guarantee,72Marking, hall,62Marking, hall, drawbacks of,63Material, bad working,98Mechanical uses of silver,52Medium solders,82silver solder,79Melting, crucible for,99directions on,94fluxes employed,96imitation alloys,166points of metals,51solders,86tongs for,100Mercury,15Metal, fusible,98pure,56Metallic elements, table of,50Metals,41their characteristics,41Method of assaying,22for whitening,139of calculating qualities,64of preparing filigree,59Mills, rolling,110Kemp’s,111Mine, richest,12Mining,11Mixing metals for melting,97Mixture, boiling-out,144dipping,199for washing-out,138stripping,200Mixtures for whitening,147for battery,152nitrate of silver,148Modes of melting lemel,105of preparing ring,130of whitening, Indian,142of whitening, our,145Molten metal,99lemel,103Mould-casting,18Mould cupel,27Mould ingot,100Muffle assayers,28Native silver,11Necessity for pure metal,56New alloy,205method for filigree,59Nickel,45Nitrate of silver,8of silver, mixture,148Nitre,10Norway filigree,56Old method of filigree,57Oldest method of whitening,140On the melting of silver,94working of silver,108Ores of silver,9