MUZZLE.—Muzzles are made of leather, and are of two sorts; the one called adressing, the other asetting, muzzle. The first is of the same form as the last, but of different construction, having a few straps crossing each other transversely, and so united as to be about nine inches in depth, and of a shape to cover the nose of the horse so high; to which are annexed two straps; one ofwhich passes up the cheek on each side, and buckles at the top of the head behind the ears; the use of this is to dress such horses in as are disposed to vice with the teeth, as well to prevent theMANGERfrominjury, as theGROOMfromdanger. The other is in little use, except inTRAINING STABLES; its form is not unlike the exact shape of a common water-pail, being made of the thickness of substantial leather, having a number of round holes punched in every part of it, for the free admission of air, and is brought into use on those nightsprecedinga horse'sRUNNINGengagement on the following day; as well as before taking aSWEAT, or running aTRIAL. It is called aSETTING-MUZZLE, because, when put on, the horse is said "to be set," (that is, to fast;) and the intent is to prevent his consuming the litter, or obtaining more food than what the training-groom has a perfect knowledge of.
.—Muzzles are made of leather, and are of two sorts; the one called adressing, the other asetting, muzzle. The first is of the same form as the last, but of different construction, having a few straps crossing each other transversely, and so united as to be about nine inches in depth, and of a shape to cover the nose of the horse so high; to which are annexed two straps; one ofwhich passes up the cheek on each side, and buckles at the top of the head behind the ears; the use of this is to dress such horses in as are disposed to vice with the teeth, as well to prevent theMANGERfrominjury, as theGROOMfromdanger. The other is in little use, except inTRAINING STABLES; its form is not unlike the exact shape of a common water-pail, being made of the thickness of substantial leather, having a number of round holes punched in every part of it, for the free admission of air, and is brought into use on those nightsprecedinga horse'sRUNNINGengagement on the following day; as well as before taking aSWEAT, or running aTRIAL. It is called aSETTING-MUZZLE, because, when put on, the horse is said "to be set," (that is, to fast;) and the intent is to prevent his consuming the litter, or obtaining more food than what the training-groom has a perfect knowledge of.
NABOB—was a horse of much temporary note, and considered one of the best country plate horses of his time; he was bred byMr. Swinburne, and foaled in 1753; was got byCade, dam byCrab, grand-dam byChilders. Although he was a known good runner, he never as aSTALLIONproduced any racers of much celebrity.
—was a horse of much temporary note, and considered one of the best country plate horses of his time; he was bred byMr. Swinburne, and foaled in 1753; was got byCade, dam byCrab, grand-dam byChilders. Although he was a known good runner, he never as aSTALLIONproduced any racers of much celebrity.
NAG—is rather a provincial than a general term, and varies a little in its signification, according to the county, or part of the kingdom, in which it is used. In the most common country acceptation, it implies aRIDINGhorse orROADSTER, in contra-distinction to acarriageorcart-horse. A "complete nag" may be considered a kind of horse beyond the line of mediocrity, and bordering upon the idea of a moderate hunter. A "smartish nag" is what the opulent farmer rides to market; and a "tightish little tit" is a well-bred galloway ofSPEEDandACTION, which, in a state of purity and perfection, are always difficult to be obtained.
—is rather a provincial than a general term, and varies a little in its signification, according to the county, or part of the kingdom, in which it is used. In the most common country acceptation, it implies aRIDINGhorse orROADSTER, in contra-distinction to acarriageorcart-horse. A "complete nag" may be considered a kind of horse beyond the line of mediocrity, and bordering upon the idea of a moderate hunter. A "smartish nag" is what the opulent farmer rides to market; and a "tightish little tit" is a well-bred galloway ofSPEEDandACTION, which, in a state of purity and perfection, are always difficult to be obtained.
NARROW CHESTED.—A horse is so called, whose breast is so narrow (when standing before him) that the fore-legs gradually extend wider in proportion as the eye accompanies them nearerthe ground; so that, in a front view, they bear the form of two legs of a common country washing-stool, where the legs are inserted in the narrow part of the wood at the top, and are four or five inches more in width at the bottom. Horses of this description are invariably weak before; and when put into hard work, or severe exertions, are the very sort of which so many upon the roads are seen in a "CHEST-FOUNDERED" state; which see under that head, where it will be found fully explained.
.—A horse is so called, whose breast is so narrow (when standing before him) that the fore-legs gradually extend wider in proportion as the eye accompanies them nearerthe ground; so that, in a front view, they bear the form of two legs of a common country washing-stool, where the legs are inserted in the narrow part of the wood at the top, and are four or five inches more in width at the bottom. Horses of this description are invariably weak before; and when put into hard work, or severe exertions, are the very sort of which so many upon the roads are seen in a "CHEST-FOUNDERED" state; which see under that head, where it will be found fully explained.
NARROW HEELS.—Enlarged upon under "Heels Narrow," whichSEE.
.—Enlarged upon under "Heels Narrow," whichSEE.
NAVEL-GALL—is an injury sustained upon the centrical part of the back-bone, corresponding with that part below, from whence it originally derived its present denomination. It is always occasioned by thepadof theSADDLEbeing in itself too wide, (and deficient in stuffing,) letting theiron-work of thetreecome into contact with theSPINE; or from the long and constant use of a roller in the stable, till having lost the elasticity of its stuffing, it then becomes sufficientlyhard, particularly with too tight buckling, to occasion the injury, which is often productive of much trouble, long vexation, and tedious disappointment. It is a disgrace to the rational part of the world, that cases should occur from neglect, indolence, or inattention, which may,with no more than just and necessary caution, be so easily prevented. A navel-gall, in the first instance, if immediately attended to upon the earliest discovery, (if that be so soon as the injury is sustained, or in its recent state of inflammation,) will mostly submit to mild astringent repellents, repeated at short intervals; and the contents of the inflammatory tumefaction will be absorbed into the circulation. But "as it is the curse of fools to be secure," so an impatientrepetitionof thecauseoccasions a constantly increasing addition to the injury, till the renewedHEATandFRICTIONupon the part constitute an eschar, or leather-like substance, upon the surface, which being separated, or coming spontaneously away, displays afoul, if not anINVETERATEulcer, and requires no small share of Veterinary skill to insure a successful termination.
—is an injury sustained upon the centrical part of the back-bone, corresponding with that part below, from whence it originally derived its present denomination. It is always occasioned by thepadof theSADDLEbeing in itself too wide, (and deficient in stuffing,) letting theiron-work of thetreecome into contact with theSPINE; or from the long and constant use of a roller in the stable, till having lost the elasticity of its stuffing, it then becomes sufficientlyhard, particularly with too tight buckling, to occasion the injury, which is often productive of much trouble, long vexation, and tedious disappointment. It is a disgrace to the rational part of the world, that cases should occur from neglect, indolence, or inattention, which may,with no more than just and necessary caution, be so easily prevented. A navel-gall, in the first instance, if immediately attended to upon the earliest discovery, (if that be so soon as the injury is sustained, or in its recent state of inflammation,) will mostly submit to mild astringent repellents, repeated at short intervals; and the contents of the inflammatory tumefaction will be absorbed into the circulation. But "as it is the curse of fools to be secure," so an impatientrepetitionof thecauseoccasions a constantly increasing addition to the injury, till the renewedHEATandFRICTIONupon the part constitute an eschar, or leather-like substance, upon the surface, which being separated, or coming spontaneously away, displays afoul, if not anINVETERATEulcer, and requires no small share of Veterinary skill to insure a successful termination.
NEAR-SIDE.—The near-side of a horse is theLEFT SIDE, and of course the side on which the rider goes to mount. The right-side of the horse is always called theOFF-SIDE; but therightside, or theleftside, is never so termed, when speaking of a horse. It is the invariable custom to say, that horse is lame of the "near-leg before;" the other, is evidently defective in the "off-leg behind."
.—The near-side of a horse is theLEFT SIDE, and of course the side on which the rider goes to mount. The right-side of the horse is always called theOFF-SIDE; but therightside, or theleftside, is never so termed, when speaking of a horse. It is the invariable custom to say, that horse is lame of the "near-leg before;" the other, is evidently defective in the "off-leg behind."
NECK.—The neck of a horse has been so often enlarged upon under a variety of different heads, that little or nothing is left useful, entertaining, orinstructive, to introduce upon the subject. All that can be required, will be found largely explained by referring to "Horse" and "Forehand," where, if it is not already remarked sufficiently, it may be here more forcibly inculcated; that a horse with a short neck, is in general lower before than behind; that he is never easy in action; carries his head low, and lifts his legs with difficulty; is much addicted to tripping, or ratherblundering, and with that pleasing perfection (so gratifying to the sensations of his rider) is always in danger ofFALLING; in addition to which, it may be observed, that a horse of this formation is neither fleet or handsome.
.—The neck of a horse has been so often enlarged upon under a variety of different heads, that little or nothing is left useful, entertaining, orinstructive, to introduce upon the subject. All that can be required, will be found largely explained by referring to "Horse" and "Forehand," where, if it is not already remarked sufficiently, it may be here more forcibly inculcated; that a horse with a short neck, is in general lower before than behind; that he is never easy in action; carries his head low, and lifts his legs with difficulty; is much addicted to tripping, or ratherblundering, and with that pleasing perfection (so gratifying to the sensations of his rider) is always in danger ofFALLING; in addition to which, it may be observed, that a horse of this formation is neither fleet or handsome.
NEEDLE-WORMS—are small white worms with a sharp-pointed head, having their seat in the rectum of a horse, from whence they are frequently discharged with the dung, but are difficult to dislodge and extirpate entirely. By their unceasing action, (twirling and twisting in the dung when expelled,) it is natural to conceive, how very much they irritate, disquiet, and distress an animal where they have acquired possession; of this there needs no greater proof, than the excrements frequently and suddenly coming away in a liquified state, as if the horse was under a course of physic. And this is evidently the cause why horses eternally teazed and persecuted with these diminutive enemies, always appear low in flesh, rough in thecoat, sunk in the eyes, and depressed in the spirits: eternally labouring under internal disquietude, they derive but little advantage fromREST, or nourishment fromFOOD. They are sometimes not only reduced, but eradicated, byANTIMONIALS; but as this is not always to be relied on,MERCURIAL PHYSICis justified upon the broad basis of experience, as the onlyinfalliblemode of extirpation.
—are small white worms with a sharp-pointed head, having their seat in the rectum of a horse, from whence they are frequently discharged with the dung, but are difficult to dislodge and extirpate entirely. By their unceasing action, (twirling and twisting in the dung when expelled,) it is natural to conceive, how very much they irritate, disquiet, and distress an animal where they have acquired possession; of this there needs no greater proof, than the excrements frequently and suddenly coming away in a liquified state, as if the horse was under a course of physic. And this is evidently the cause why horses eternally teazed and persecuted with these diminutive enemies, always appear low in flesh, rough in thecoat, sunk in the eyes, and depressed in the spirits: eternally labouring under internal disquietude, they derive but little advantage fromREST, or nourishment fromFOOD. They are sometimes not only reduced, but eradicated, byANTIMONIALS; but as this is not always to be relied on,MERCURIAL PHYSICis justified upon the broad basis of experience, as the onlyinfalliblemode of extirpation.
NEIGHING—is an exclamatory sensation (or vociferation) by which the horse evinces either anxiety, suspense, or pleasure; but the passion he feels is expressed with much more force and energy in the two first, than in the latter, which is ejaculated with low and gradual vibrative sounds, too expressive to be mistaken by even the inexperienced naturalist, or least attentive observer. Being separated from a companion with whom he has been accustomed to stand in the same stable, and to accompany each other abroad, his inquiries are loud and incessant upon the road or in the field; and if made upon aRACE COURSE, amidst athousandhorses, they are so completely masters of theirown language, that they can instantly distinguish the exclamation ofeach otherfrom the innumerableNEIGHINGSof all the rest. Finding themselves answered, at whatever distance, they display their eagerness to get together; and as they approach each other, the pleasure becomes perceptible in the way before described,and by the experienced sportsman so perfectly understood.
—is an exclamatory sensation (or vociferation) by which the horse evinces either anxiety, suspense, or pleasure; but the passion he feels is expressed with much more force and energy in the two first, than in the latter, which is ejaculated with low and gradual vibrative sounds, too expressive to be mistaken by even the inexperienced naturalist, or least attentive observer. Being separated from a companion with whom he has been accustomed to stand in the same stable, and to accompany each other abroad, his inquiries are loud and incessant upon the road or in the field; and if made upon aRACE COURSE, amidst athousandhorses, they are so completely masters of theirown language, that they can instantly distinguish the exclamation ofeach otherfrom the innumerableNEIGHINGSof all the rest. Finding themselves answered, at whatever distance, they display their eagerness to get together; and as they approach each other, the pleasure becomes perceptible in the way before described,and by the experienced sportsman so perfectly understood.
NETS—are the well-known articles constructed of thread, packthread, and small cord, made of every sort and size, for the various purposes of taking fish, fowl, and game of every denomination; from theGUDGEONto theSALMON, from theSPARROWto theWILD DUCK, and from theRABBITto theRED DEER: all are destined to bow obedience to human ingenuity. Nets are to be obtained from the makers, of almost every possible description, under a variety of names, according to the distinct use for which each is employed. Of these there are theminnow-net, thecasting-net, thelanding-net, thedraw-net, thedrag-net, thebat-folding-net, thetunnel-net, theflue-net, theclap-net, thefowling-net, with a long list of inferiors; the insertion of which here is not likely to prove of the least general utility; each being practically known to those of the differentSPORTINGorpoachingclasses with whom they are principally in use.
—are the well-known articles constructed of thread, packthread, and small cord, made of every sort and size, for the various purposes of taking fish, fowl, and game of every denomination; from theGUDGEONto theSALMON, from theSPARROWto theWILD DUCK, and from theRABBITto theRED DEER: all are destined to bow obedience to human ingenuity. Nets are to be obtained from the makers, of almost every possible description, under a variety of names, according to the distinct use for which each is employed. Of these there are theminnow-net, thecasting-net, thelanding-net, thedraw-net, thedrag-net, thebat-folding-net, thetunnel-net, theflue-net, theclap-net, thefowling-net, with a long list of inferiors; the insertion of which here is not likely to prove of the least general utility; each being practically known to those of the differentSPORTINGorpoachingclasses with whom they are principally in use.
NEWMARKET—is the name of a small town, about sixty miles from theMetropolis, and ten fromCambridge. In itself it lays claim to little attention, but is rendered of much celebrity by the beautiful country by which it is surrounded, and the periodicalRACING MEETINGSthere established; constituting a kind of carnival to theSPORTINGWORLD, that, to be properly conceived, must be seen; and to be enjoyed, must be understood. During the whole of each meeting it is a completeMARTofBUSINESSin the midst ofdissipation, forming a scene of profit and loss, pleasure and anxiety, exultation and despondency, beyond the power of the most fertile pen to depict. Nothing, perhaps, can more nearly equal the general confusion, the various passions, and variegated countenances, (as agitated by the pecuniary sensations of each,) than the contortions of disquietude, and gesticulations of mental misery, upon theExchange, when some sudden political shock produces a dreadful and unexpectedfallin the price of stocks.
—is the name of a small town, about sixty miles from theMetropolis, and ten fromCambridge. In itself it lays claim to little attention, but is rendered of much celebrity by the beautiful country by which it is surrounded, and the periodicalRACING MEETINGSthere established; constituting a kind of carnival to theSPORTINGWORLD, that, to be properly conceived, must be seen; and to be enjoyed, must be understood. During the whole of each meeting it is a completeMARTofBUSINESSin the midst ofdissipation, forming a scene of profit and loss, pleasure and anxiety, exultation and despondency, beyond the power of the most fertile pen to depict. Nothing, perhaps, can more nearly equal the general confusion, the various passions, and variegated countenances, (as agitated by the pecuniary sensations of each,) than the contortions of disquietude, and gesticulations of mental misery, upon theExchange, when some sudden political shock produces a dreadful and unexpectedfallin the price of stocks.
Newmarketderived the origin of its brilliancy fromKing JamestheFirst, after whom its pleasures lay nearly dormant, till the gay court ofCharlestheSecondrenewed its sport with renovated splendour; having laid the foundation of the present regular meetings, and erected a building for the accommodation of the royal retinue, which is still retained in the possession of the Crown, as a princely residence whenever theSovereign, or any part of the royal family may be disposed to honor the spot with their presence. The meetings consist of seven in every year, and are thus distinguished: theCravenMeeting; theFirst SpringMeeting; theSecond SpringMeeting;theJulyMeeting; theFirst OctoberMeeting; theSecond OctoberMeeting; and theHoughtonMeeting; during the whole of which (the July and Houghton excepted) the sport generally continues forSIXdays, beginning on the Monday, and terminating only with the week. The heath, as it is called, is a most extensive tract of land, and beautifully diversified in its prospects; it containsTWENTYdifferent courses, of various lengths, and almost opposite descriptions, adapted to horses of every age and qualification; where, during the exercise hours in the summer season, may be seen from a hundred and fifty to two hundred of the finest and best bred horses in the kingdom, displaying their various powers in every direction. For farther particulars see "Horse Racing," "Jockey Club," and "King's Plate."
In addition to all which it may not prove inapplicable to observe, that a correct and faithful recital of everyRacing TransactionatNewmarket, and every other place ofSPORT, is published in the form of a newspaper, once a fortnight, during the whole of the season, fromApriltoNovember, and is transmitted,freeofpostage, to individuals (who areSUBSCRIBERS) from one extremity of the kingdom to the other. At the end of each year, it is repeated in a handsome volume upon fine paper, with various additions, including theWINNERSof the differentPLATESgiven by hisMajesty; theparticulars of the sweepstakes, and subscriptions entered into; and a list ofSTALLIONSof eminence intended to cover the year ensuing. This most respectable and authentic convenience to the sporting part of the world, is published under the title of "The Racing Calendar," at a subscription of onlyOne Guineaper annum, by Messrs. E. andJ. Weatherby, No. 7, Oxendon-Street, near the Haymarket. The latter of whom has likewise accommodated the public with a "General Stud Book," containing the pedigree of almost everyHORSE,MARE, andGELDING, of note, that has appeared on theTURFfor the last fifty years and upwards; together with some account of the foreignHORSESandMARESfrom whence is derived the present breed ofRACERSinGreat BritainandIreland. This is a most elaborate, useful, and entertaining production, well worthy the attention of every enlightened sportsman in the kingdom.
NICKING—was formerly considered anOPERATIONof muchMAGNITUDE, and not without its proportion ofdanger; and then performed only by such as were considered eminent in thePRACTICE, and expert in theART. It is now, however, a matter of so little consequence, that anatomical knowledge is not thought at all necessary to the execution; it being a well-known fact, that almost everyDEALER(or even his principal servant) is an operator from one extremity of the kingdomto the other. The intent ofNICKINGis to prevent (by a counteracting power) a horse from depressing hisTAIL, and flicking it between his hind quarters; giving him all the appearance of perpetual fear, and constitutional dejection. A horse of this description is held in very trifling estimation, and purchasers are not readily to be found till this operation has been gone through, and thegoodorbadset of theTAILascertained, upon the ornamental part of which, both the figure and proportional value of the subject greatly depend.
—was formerly considered anOPERATIONof muchMAGNITUDE, and not without its proportion ofdanger; and then performed only by such as were considered eminent in thePRACTICE, and expert in theART. It is now, however, a matter of so little consequence, that anatomical knowledge is not thought at all necessary to the execution; it being a well-known fact, that almost everyDEALER(or even his principal servant) is an operator from one extremity of the kingdomto the other. The intent ofNICKINGis to prevent (by a counteracting power) a horse from depressing hisTAIL, and flicking it between his hind quarters; giving him all the appearance of perpetual fear, and constitutional dejection. A horse of this description is held in very trifling estimation, and purchasers are not readily to be found till this operation has been gone through, and thegoodorbadset of theTAILascertained, upon the ornamental part of which, both the figure and proportional value of the subject greatly depend.
This operation, as it was formerly performed, indeed as it isnowby commonFARRIERSand inexperiencedGROOMS, appears one of the most cruel and severe that could possibly originate in the human mind; though in the hands of those well acquainted with theSTRUCTUREof thePARTS, having a quick eye, and steady execution, it is a matter so superficial, and attended with so little pain or difficulty, that it does not seem entitled to even serious consideration. In order that the process, and proper use ofNICKING, may be the better comprehended by the younger branches of theSPORTING WORLDwho have never seen it performed, it becomes directly applicable to observe, that there are in every limb of either the human or brute creation, two sets of muscles, acting in a contrary direction to the other. The office of one is toEXPAND; the other, toCONTRACT: the formerare technically termed theEXTENSOR; the latter, theFLEXORmuscles: thus, then, it is, that theextensorspossess the power of extending or straightening the limb; theflexors, of relaxing and completely bending it. Of these two sets, the flexors have the greater predominance, and can always overcome the resisting property of their opposites; but when, by an effort of the will, the extensors are brought into forcible action, then overcoming the little resistence that is either made or felt: of this force in the flexor muscles, ample proof may be obtained, by endeavouring to raise theTAILof anunnickedhorse against his will.
The extensor muscles, of course, passing in a longitudinal direction on each side the superior part of the tail, from the spinal bone to the extremity, retains the power of raising the tail at pleasure; the flexors, running in a similar line at the inferior, or lower part, there possess a greater power of counteraction, and render the operation the more necessary, as, by diminishing the power ofone, proportional strength is added to theother. Previous to the present expert and easy mode of operation, it was common to see the incisions (or nicks) the breadth of a very large finger, and a small one might be lodged in the cavity. These enormous chasms were made under an expectation of morereadilyreaching the flexor muscle, which it was the intention to discover and divide;but which, in most cases, had been previously divided, and receded in thefirstefforts; and sometimes, from the unnecessary destruction of parts, and profuse bleeding, produced alarm, followed by inflammation, frequentlydanger, and sometimesDEATH. This, however, is, as it ought to be, very much reformed, and not without a substantial reason, when it may be observed, that, upon raising the tail of a horse in its natural state, the two flexor muscles may be clearly seen, and distinctly felt, one oneachside theCENTRICALbone, in common termed theDOCK, laying in a midway direction, between the bone and the edge of the tail where the hair begins. In performing this operation in a superior and masterly manner, the horse having been previously secured, (with hobbles and side-lines,) the tail is to be firmly grasped with the left hand, and turned up with considerable force towards the rump, when a superficial incision is to be made with a crooked pointed knife, directly over the seat of the flexor, which will be instantly perceived of a strong elastic texture, ready for separation by the knife, steadily held for that purpose; the tail being exceedingly firm in hand, by which the separated tendon will have the less power to recede. Immediately after the separation, the lower extremity having lost its elastic support, will be seen to hang full half an inch from the first incision; when a second, a third, and even a fourth, if necessary, is to be made in the same way oneach sidethe tail;it not being a matter at all requisite, that the skin in the middle, passing over the bone, should be divided, or that the wounds on each side should communicate with each other. The incisions being completed, the ends of the separated muscles should be secured with a pair ofFORCEPS, or a curvedNEEDLE, and when a little drawn out by moderate force, should then be taken off with a pair of scissars, or a knife, as close as they can be conveniently come at. It is a custom with some, to separate the tendon of each incision before they proceed to make another, and this seems to be the most rational and expeditious mode of the two.
In this method of performing the operation, there is a very trifling loss of blood, which is almost immediately suppressed by a pledget of tow, previously prepared, and slightly impregnated with any of the simple styptics, orFriar's Balsam, incorporated with a littleBalsamofPeru. Custom has established a rule, which it will most probably be very difficult to affect by any verbal or literary expostulation, which is the affixing an immoderate weight to the tail, to prevent a reunion of the divided tendons, by the continued separation of parts: this, it must be remembered, is the less likely to happen, when one of the divided extremities has considerablyreceded, and the other is totallytaken away. In respect to the precise distances at which the incisions are to be made, that dependsupon no fixed rule whatever, but must be regulated by thethickandfleshyformation of the tail, and the height it is required to be carried. TheHIGHERit is to beraised, the nearer thefirstincision is to be made to theBASE, observing to let theNICKSdecline gradually thenearerthey come to the point of the tail; being particularly careful, that thelastis not of equal depth and magnitude with the twonearestthe quarters; if so, the subject may be expected to carry it witha curveat the extremity, which will add none to theFIGUREorFASHIONof the horse.
Although the most expert operators are exceedingly alert and expeditious in the execution, and in general perform the operation with only asingle side-line, leaving the horse in a very unconfined state; yet the absolute necessity for greater precaution cannot be more forcibly inculcated, than by a recital of the following recent accident, which must hold forth an aweful lesson to those who may be induced to ruminate a few moments upon the event. OnSundaymorning, October 17th, 1802, asMr. Welch, a noted and opulent dealer in horses, resident in Oxford-street, in the Metropolis, wasNICKINGa horse not properly secured, he received sosuddenandseverea kick on theBREAST, that threw him to a considerable distance, andinstantlydeprived him ofLIFE. The reflections naturally arising upon the day on which such an operationwas performed, open a wide field for religious contemplation; particularly as the sufferer was a man of the most pleasing manners, and personal respectability; having raised himself, by the mere dint of his own merits, from the most subordinate offices of servitude, to a state of perfect affluence.
NIDE—is the term sportingly applied to the offspring or produce of theCOCKandHEN PHEASANT, so long as they continue toclutchorbroodtogether, before they separate, and are able to provide for themselves. To be technically correct, it is usual to say, anideofPHEASANTS; acoveyofPARTRIDGES; aclutchofCHICKENS; asettingofGULLS; and abroodofDUCKS.
—is the term sportingly applied to the offspring or produce of theCOCKandHEN PHEASANT, so long as they continue toclutchorbroodtogether, before they separate, and are able to provide for themselves. To be technically correct, it is usual to say, anideofPHEASANTS; acoveyofPARTRIDGES; aclutchofCHICKENS; asettingofGULLS; and abroodofDUCKS.
NIPPERS.—The four teeth in the front of a horse's mouth (two above and two below) are so denominated: these are the teeth which expel their predecessors (calledcolt's teeth) when a colt is two years old off, and rising three. SeeColt.
.—The four teeth in the front of a horse's mouth (two above and two below) are so denominated: these are the teeth which expel their predecessors (calledcolt's teeth) when a colt is two years old off, and rising three. SeeColt.
NIPPERS.—The smaller sizedPINCERSof the shoeing-smith are so called.
.—The smaller sizedPINCERSof the shoeing-smith are so called.
NITRE—is an article in too much general use to stand in need of minute description. Its medical properties are of the most universal kind, with respect to the diseases of horses; but it is, on account of its being easily obtained, (for little money,) frequentlyintroduced with the greatest indiscretion.Nitreis an useful assistant in most inflammatory disorders, as it is both of a diuretic and cooling property; it is consequently to be recommended inFEVERS,INFLAMMATIONof theLUNGS, swelled legs, and other defects or diseases, where an additional discharge of urine, or an attenuation of the blood, is to be promoted. Its well-known good qualities have rendered it the more subject to an almost perpetual perversion of the excellent properties it so clearly contains; for, although it never should be given inlargequantities without somepropercorrector, yet the invincible propensity ofCOACHMENandGROOMSto becomeVeterinarians, renders them completelymiserable, unless they can be constantly displaying some specimen of theirart; to which nothing can possibly become more happily appropriate, than theprofuseadministration ofNITRE; as it affords a frequent opportunity of preying upon the pecuniary sensations of the master, by means which it is unnecessary to introduce.
—is an article in too much general use to stand in need of minute description. Its medical properties are of the most universal kind, with respect to the diseases of horses; but it is, on account of its being easily obtained, (for little money,) frequentlyintroduced with the greatest indiscretion.Nitreis an useful assistant in most inflammatory disorders, as it is both of a diuretic and cooling property; it is consequently to be recommended inFEVERS,INFLAMMATIONof theLUNGS, swelled legs, and other defects or diseases, where an additional discharge of urine, or an attenuation of the blood, is to be promoted. Its well-known good qualities have rendered it the more subject to an almost perpetual perversion of the excellent properties it so clearly contains; for, although it never should be given inlargequantities without somepropercorrector, yet the invincible propensity ofCOACHMENandGROOMSto becomeVeterinarians, renders them completelymiserable, unless they can be constantly displaying some specimen of theirart; to which nothing can possibly become more happily appropriate, than theprofuseadministration ofNITRE; as it affords a frequent opportunity of preying upon the pecuniary sensations of the master, by means which it is unnecessary to introduce.
NOSEBAND—is that part of a military bridle, headstall, martingal, or hunting rein-halter, which passing below the under jaw, and round the nose above the nostrils, assists in keeping the other parts of either in their proper position.
—is that part of a military bridle, headstall, martingal, or hunting rein-halter, which passing below the under jaw, and round the nose above the nostrils, assists in keeping the other parts of either in their proper position.
NOSTRILS.—The nostrils of a horse are generally a tolerable criterion of hiswind, as well as hisblood. A horse having a wide and well-extended nostril, may be supposed to possess a free and easy expansion of theLUNGS: this cannot be more perfectly comprehended, than by adverting occasionally to the shape of horses whoRACE, and are thoroughBRED; where the form and expansion of the nostrils will be found more than one third the size of such horses as are of common lineage, and inferior description.
.—The nostrils of a horse are generally a tolerable criterion of hiswind, as well as hisblood. A horse having a wide and well-extended nostril, may be supposed to possess a free and easy expansion of theLUNGS: this cannot be more perfectly comprehended, than by adverting occasionally to the shape of horses whoRACE, and are thoroughBRED; where the form and expansion of the nostrils will be found more than one third the size of such horses as are of common lineage, and inferior description.
OATS—are the well-known farinaceous grain which is the principal food and support of horses in constant work. After various experiments byNATURALISTS, and the most celebratedAGRICULTURISTS, they are found to convey a greater portion of nutriment to the frame, and invigoration to the system, at less expence, than any other kind of food whatever. The advantages of obtaining the heaviest in weight, the brightest in colour, and the sweetest in hand, are too self-evident to require a single line in elucidation. Oatsnewlyhoused, andnewlythreshed, should be avoided, if possible: not having acquired their proper firmness byTIME, they are more disposed tofermentationwhen mixed with thejuices in the stomach, and then propel the contents of the intestines in a state little short of liquefaction, by their own laxative property. When, from any temporary scarcity, or local consumption,oldOATScannotbe procured, and necessity compels theuseofnew, a few beans may be added; these, by their restringent and nutritious property, will check the effect of the new oats, and prevent the debilitating laxity just described.
—are the well-known farinaceous grain which is the principal food and support of horses in constant work. After various experiments byNATURALISTS, and the most celebratedAGRICULTURISTS, they are found to convey a greater portion of nutriment to the frame, and invigoration to the system, at less expence, than any other kind of food whatever. The advantages of obtaining the heaviest in weight, the brightest in colour, and the sweetest in hand, are too self-evident to require a single line in elucidation. Oatsnewlyhoused, andnewlythreshed, should be avoided, if possible: not having acquired their proper firmness byTIME, they are more disposed tofermentationwhen mixed with thejuices in the stomach, and then propel the contents of the intestines in a state little short of liquefaction, by their own laxative property. When, from any temporary scarcity, or local consumption,oldOATScannotbe procured, and necessity compels theuseofnew, a few beans may be added; these, by their restringent and nutritious property, will check the effect of the new oats, and prevent the debilitating laxity just described.
OBERON—is a horse of some recent celebrity: he was bred byMr. Hutchinson, and foaled in 1790; he was got byHighflyer, dam (Queen Mab) byEclipse, out of aTartarmare. In 1793, when three years old, he won theGOLD CUPatDoncaster, value 100 guineas; beatingCayenne,Ninety-three,Skypeeper,Restless,Flora, andChigwell. The same day he won theDoncaster Stakesof 10 guineas each, thirteen subscribers; beatingHuby,Restless, andYarico. In 1794 he won atYork, a subscription of 25 guineas each, seven subscribers; beatingYarico,Huby, andTantararara. In the same week he won the greatSUBSCRIPTION PURSEof 277l.10s.0d.beatingPatriot,Yarico,Young Diomed,Rosalie,Camphire, andChampion. AtMaltonhe was beat in a sweepstakes of 20 guineas each, by Lord Fitzwilliam'sEvelina, a three-year old byHighflyer, who carried but 5st. 10lb. to whom he ransecond: the odds were very high in his favour at starting; and whetherhe sustained an injury is not publicly known, but he was then withdrawn from the turf.
—is a horse of some recent celebrity: he was bred byMr. Hutchinson, and foaled in 1790; he was got byHighflyer, dam (Queen Mab) byEclipse, out of aTartarmare. In 1793, when three years old, he won theGOLD CUPatDoncaster, value 100 guineas; beatingCayenne,Ninety-three,Skypeeper,Restless,Flora, andChigwell. The same day he won theDoncaster Stakesof 10 guineas each, thirteen subscribers; beatingHuby,Restless, andYarico. In 1794 he won atYork, a subscription of 25 guineas each, seven subscribers; beatingYarico,Huby, andTantararara. In the same week he won the greatSUBSCRIPTION PURSEof 277l.10s.0d.beatingPatriot,Yarico,Young Diomed,Rosalie,Camphire, andChampion. AtMaltonhe was beat in a sweepstakes of 20 guineas each, by Lord Fitzwilliam'sEvelina, a three-year old byHighflyer, who carried but 5st. 10lb. to whom he ransecond: the odds were very high in his favour at starting; and whetherhe sustained an injury is not publicly known, but he was then withdrawn from the turf.
OFF-SIDE.—Theright-side of aHORSE, if you stand parallel with him, and look the same way, is theOFF-SIDE; as theleftis theNEAR-SIDE. When speaking of any part of a horse, it is not usual, in sporting terms, to use the words right or left; but to say thenear-shoulder; theoff-eye; thenear-legBEFORE, or theoff-leg behind.
.—Theright-side of aHORSE, if you stand parallel with him, and look the same way, is theOFF-SIDE; as theleftis theNEAR-SIDE. When speaking of any part of a horse, it is not usual, in sporting terms, to use the words right or left; but to say thenear-shoulder; theoff-eye; thenear-legBEFORE, or theoff-leg behind.
ONION—is an article which would not have found its way here, but in consequence of its great utility upon a certain emergency, which entitles its property to be more universally known. No trifling occurrence can possibly occasion more temporary mortification to aSPORTSMAN, than to see his horse labouring under theSTRANGURY(or suppression of urine) after the long stage of a journey, or the severity of a chase. In such cases, the firstFARRIERis generally called in, who proceeding upon the "KILLorCURE" system of former times, prepares apotionof the most powerful urinary stimulants, plentifullybesprinkledwithSPIRITSofTURPENTINE, oil of juniper, and other equallymildandefficaciousingredients, frequently laying the foundation of inflammation; when an onion being peeled, and a small clove or two of the inside properly insinuated within theSHEATH, may nineteen times out of twenty be expected to produce the desiredeffect, without the interposition of any medicine whatever.
—is an article which would not have found its way here, but in consequence of its great utility upon a certain emergency, which entitles its property to be more universally known. No trifling occurrence can possibly occasion more temporary mortification to aSPORTSMAN, than to see his horse labouring under theSTRANGURY(or suppression of urine) after the long stage of a journey, or the severity of a chase. In such cases, the firstFARRIERis generally called in, who proceeding upon the "KILLorCURE" system of former times, prepares apotionof the most powerful urinary stimulants, plentifullybesprinkledwithSPIRITSofTURPENTINE, oil of juniper, and other equallymildandefficaciousingredients, frequently laying the foundation of inflammation; when an onion being peeled, and a small clove or two of the inside properly insinuated within theSHEATH, may nineteen times out of twenty be expected to produce the desiredeffect, without the interposition of any medicine whatever.
OPENING the HEELS.—The ceremony of opening a horse's heels is sometimes necessary, when they are becomecontractedby so constantly standing upon the dry litter, and hot dung of stables, in the Metropolis; a circumstance which occurs muchlessin the country, where the defect is butlittleknown. Although there can be no doubt of a hoof's contracting in a great degree by the means already mentioned, it must be more so, where the hoofs are notOILEDorSTOPPEDforweeks, or, probably,monthstogether. It is, however, a matter of doubt, whether theback-handedstroke of the smith'sraspinSHOEING, is not a more constant or frequent cause of the narrowness of the heels than any other. Let it arise from whatever cause, the remedy with them is always ready; "OPEN THE HEELS;" or, in other words,cut away; first with theBUTTRESS, and then with thedrawing-knife, tilllittleornothingis left to cut: when the basis of bearing is taken away, theheelis let down to theground, theTENDONSare put upon theSTRETCH, the horse, being divested of his natural support,hobbleslike a cripple, and there is no remedy, but to wait with patience for a perfect regeneration of parts so wantonly destroyed.
.—The ceremony of opening a horse's heels is sometimes necessary, when they are becomecontractedby so constantly standing upon the dry litter, and hot dung of stables, in the Metropolis; a circumstance which occurs muchlessin the country, where the defect is butlittleknown. Although there can be no doubt of a hoof's contracting in a great degree by the means already mentioned, it must be more so, where the hoofs are notOILEDorSTOPPEDforweeks, or, probably,monthstogether. It is, however, a matter of doubt, whether theback-handedstroke of the smith'sraspinSHOEING, is not a more constant or frequent cause of the narrowness of the heels than any other. Let it arise from whatever cause, the remedy with them is always ready; "OPEN THE HEELS;" or, in other words,cut away; first with theBUTTRESS, and then with thedrawing-knife, tilllittleornothingis left to cut: when the basis of bearing is taken away, theheelis let down to theground, theTENDONSare put upon theSTRETCH, the horse, being divested of his natural support,hobbleslike a cripple, and there is no remedy, but to wait with patience for a perfect regeneration of parts so wantonly destroyed.
OPODELDOC—is an article of external use inSTRAINS,BRUISES, and other complaints, as well with the human species as with the brute creation. It is prepared by dissolving three ounces ofSpanish soap, and one ounce ofCAMPHIRE, in a pint ofSPIRITofROSEMARY. Others dissolve the soap and camphire in rectified spirits of wine, addingOILofORIGANUM, and other essential oils. Its excellent properties are universally admitted in its various applications to the human frame; but doubts naturally arise how far it may contribute any great portion ofEFFICACYtoHORSES, or to any other animal, where the soap again coagulates, and constitutes so matted a mass upon the surface, that it is only with persevering difficulty the hair can be disunited even at thesecondapplication.
—is an article of external use inSTRAINS,BRUISES, and other complaints, as well with the human species as with the brute creation. It is prepared by dissolving three ounces ofSpanish soap, and one ounce ofCAMPHIRE, in a pint ofSPIRITofROSEMARY. Others dissolve the soap and camphire in rectified spirits of wine, addingOILofORIGANUM, and other essential oils. Its excellent properties are universally admitted in its various applications to the human frame; but doubts naturally arise how far it may contribute any great portion ofEFFICACYtoHORSES, or to any other animal, where the soap again coagulates, and constitutes so matted a mass upon the surface, that it is only with persevering difficulty the hair can be disunited even at thesecondapplication.
ORIGANUM, OIL of,—is a well-known essential oil, extracted from the plant whose name it bears: it is an admirable collateral corroborant, when incorporated with judicious proportions of such other medicines as are proper forSTRAINS, or arelaxedstate of theTENDONS. If used in too great quantities, or added to heterogeneous articles, it disunites itself almost immediately; and, instead of executing the office of a gentleSTIMULANT, penetrating the pores, assumes the power of the milder class ofCAUSTICS, occasioning an eschar upon the part impregnated, terminating with a loss of hair.
,—is a well-known essential oil, extracted from the plant whose name it bears: it is an admirable collateral corroborant, when incorporated with judicious proportions of such other medicines as are proper forSTRAINS, or arelaxedstate of theTENDONS. If used in too great quantities, or added to heterogeneous articles, it disunites itself almost immediately; and, instead of executing the office of a gentleSTIMULANT, penetrating the pores, assumes the power of the milder class ofCAUSTICS, occasioning an eschar upon the part impregnated, terminating with a loss of hair.
OROONOKO—was one of the most celebrated horses of his time: he was bred by the lateLord Portmore; was got byCrabout ofMiss Slamerkin; foaled in 1743; and was own brother toOthello, the famousBlack and all Black.
—was one of the most celebrated horses of his time: he was bred by the lateLord Portmore; was got byCrabout ofMiss Slamerkin; foaled in 1743; and was own brother toOthello, the famousBlack and all Black.
OTHELLO—was the first name of that justly celebratedHORSE, so firmly fixed in the memory of every oldSPORTSMANof the present generation, by the more distinguished appellation ofBlack and all Black. He was bred by the lateLord Portmore; was got byCrabout ofMiss Slamerkin, who was got byTrue Blue. He was foaled in 1745, and was esteemed the first racer of his time, producing afterwards, as aSTALLION, some very famous runners.
—was the first name of that justly celebratedHORSE, so firmly fixed in the memory of every oldSPORTSMANof the present generation, by the more distinguished appellation ofBlack and all Black. He was bred by the lateLord Portmore; was got byCrabout ofMiss Slamerkin, who was got byTrue Blue. He was foaled in 1745, and was esteemed the first racer of his time, producing afterwards, as aSTALLION, some very famous runners.
OTTER.—This is called an amphibious animal, living (to a certain degree and length of time) with as much seeming ease in the water, as he does upon land. It is, however, well ascertained, that he cannot exist longunderthewater, without occasionally reaching the surface for necessary respiration. The favourite and principal food of the otter is fish, of which he consumes, or ratherdestroys, a very considerable quantity in the neighbourhood of wherever he fixes his residence. This is formed under ground, in the bank of river or lake, and constructed with so much precaution, circumspection, and sagacity, that not without great difficulty can it be discovered. Althoughfish, in the genial months of summer, are known to be his pleasurable pursuit, and chief subsistence, yet, in thesevereandfrostyseason, he is not without his alternatives, and will then condescend to make a repast upon some one or other of the smaller animals with which the fox indulges himself at all seasons of the year.
.—This is called an amphibious animal, living (to a certain degree and length of time) with as much seeming ease in the water, as he does upon land. It is, however, well ascertained, that he cannot exist longunderthewater, without occasionally reaching the surface for necessary respiration. The favourite and principal food of the otter is fish, of which he consumes, or ratherdestroys, a very considerable quantity in the neighbourhood of wherever he fixes his residence. This is formed under ground, in the bank of river or lake, and constructed with so much precaution, circumspection, and sagacity, that not without great difficulty can it be discovered. Althoughfish, in the genial months of summer, are known to be his pleasurable pursuit, and chief subsistence, yet, in thesevereandfrostyseason, he is not without his alternatives, and will then condescend to make a repast upon some one or other of the smaller animals with which the fox indulges himself at all seasons of the year.
OTTER-HUNTING,—a sport at present so little pursued, was formerly in constant practice, and is said to have beenthenin great estimation: it is, however, to be presumed, it was in less enlightened times, and long before the different chases ofSTAG,FOX, andHARE, held forth a speedy prospect of their present perfection. Hounds were then kept and trained for the purpose; and as some proof of the stupidity of the sport, or the somniferous dispositions of those who pursued (or enjoyed) it, an account of theCHASE, if worthy to be termed so, is here literally transcribed from Mr. Daniels' recent publication.
,—a sport at present so little pursued, was formerly in constant practice, and is said to have beenthenin great estimation: it is, however, to be presumed, it was in less enlightened times, and long before the different chases ofSTAG,FOX, andHARE, held forth a speedy prospect of their present perfection. Hounds were then kept and trained for the purpose; and as some proof of the stupidity of the sport, or the somniferous dispositions of those who pursued (or enjoyed) it, an account of theCHASE, if worthy to be termed so, is here literally transcribed from Mr. Daniels' recent publication.
"The sportsmen went on each side the river, beating the banks and sedges with the dogs; if there was an otter in that quarter, hissealwas soon traced upon the mud, as the water, wherever it would admit of it, was lowered as much as possible, to expose the hollow banks, reed-beds and stubs that might otherwise shelter him: each hunter had a spear to attack the otter when hevented, or cameto the surface of the water to breathe. If an otter was not soon found by the river-side, it was imagined he was gone tocouchmore inland, and was sought for accordingly; (for sometimes they will feed a considerable distance from their place of rest, choosing rather to go up than down the stream.) If the hounds found an otter, the sportsman viewed his track in the mud, to find which way he had taken. The spears were used in aid of the dogs. When an otter is wounded, he makes directly to land, where he maintains an obstinate defence: he bites severely, and does not readily quit his hold: when he seizes the dogs in the water, he always dives with, and carries them far below the surface: an old one will never give up while he has life; and it is observable, that themaleotter never makes any complaint when seized by the dogs, or transfixed with a spear; but the pregnant females emit a very shrill squeal." This sport, as it is called by those who profess themselves its admirers, is still continued in many remote, fenny, and watery districts; but in general is principally confined to those parts where, from local circumstances, the other more noble and exhilarating distinctions of the chase cannot be enjoyed.
OVER-DONE.—A horse is said to be over-done, when both hisFRAMEandSPIRITSare so exhausted with fatigue and excessive labour, that he sinks down in his stall almost immediately afterreaching the stable; where he extends himself at every extremity, giving evident proof of the struggles nature has to encounter, by the bodily disquietude under which he continues distressed for manyhours, and sometimesDAYS, before he becomes perfectly recovered. When a horse is reduced to this state, by a too long continuance at slow or steady work, no doubt of recovery need be entertained with a few days nursing; but if it has been occasioned by a continued and persevering speed with hounds, and a long journey home, danger may be apprehended: instances are infinite, where internal inflammations have arisen, by which existence has soon been destroyed.
.—A horse is said to be over-done, when both hisFRAMEandSPIRITSare so exhausted with fatigue and excessive labour, that he sinks down in his stall almost immediately afterreaching the stable; where he extends himself at every extremity, giving evident proof of the struggles nature has to encounter, by the bodily disquietude under which he continues distressed for manyhours, and sometimesDAYS, before he becomes perfectly recovered. When a horse is reduced to this state, by a too long continuance at slow or steady work, no doubt of recovery need be entertained with a few days nursing; but if it has been occasioned by a continued and persevering speed with hounds, and a long journey home, danger may be apprehended: instances are infinite, where internal inflammations have arisen, by which existence has soon been destroyed.
OVER-REACH.—An over-reach is such injury (either cut or bruise) as is frequently sustained in the heel of a horse'sFORE-FOOT, by one of theSHOES BEHIND; and this happens during brisk action, in eitherTROTorGALLOP, where the ground is unexpectedlydeepand deceptive: or when a horse is thick in the shoulders, and slow in actionbefore, the hind-quarters are thrown in faster than the fore-legs can get out of the way, by which inactive, or sluggish tardiness, the accident is occasioned much oftener than by any other means.
.—An over-reach is such injury (either cut or bruise) as is frequently sustained in the heel of a horse'sFORE-FOOT, by one of theSHOES BEHIND; and this happens during brisk action, in eitherTROTorGALLOP, where the ground is unexpectedlydeepand deceptive: or when a horse is thick in the shoulders, and slow in actionbefore, the hind-quarters are thrown in faster than the fore-legs can get out of the way, by which inactive, or sluggish tardiness, the accident is occasioned much oftener than by any other means.
When neglected, or unattended to, if the injury is severe, ill consequences may ensue; the first step to prevent which is, to wash the part well withwarm water, slightly impregnated with vinegar: press upon the wound a linen cloth till quite dry, then apply a pledget oflintortow, well wetted withFRIAR'S BALSAM, or compoundTINCTUREofMYRRH, covering it securely with a proper bandage, with a view to harden the surface, which is the leading object to be attained. This may be repeated the following day, if necessary, to farther close the mouths of such lacerated vessels as continue to ooze alymphorichor. If, however, the cut should be of such magnitude as to resist these means of intentional termination, it must be treated as aWOUND, and the horse not permitted to encounterWORKordirtduring its progress and cure. No greasy or unctuous applications should be made, if it can possibly be done without; as the best and most expeditious cure will be made by hardening the surface, and preventing a discharge; unless there is a deep destruction of parts, in which case it cannot be obtained but by incarnation.
ORMOND,—a horse of much recent racing celebrity, bred byMr. Wentworthin the north of England, was foaled in the year 1789; got byKing Fergus; dam (Miss Cornforth) byMatchem; grand-dam bySampson; and great grand-dam byRegulus. In the Craven Meeting at Newmarket, 1792, he ran second toJohn Bullfor the great produce stakes of 200 guineas each, across the flat, half forfeit, thirty-five subscribers; beatingHotspur,Whiskey,St. Paul,Lucifer,Guildford, and others. The same year, atYork, he walked over for a sweepstakes of 100 guineas each, five subscribers. In 1793, atYork, he won a sweepstakes of 100 guineas each, fourteen subscribers. In 1794, atYork, he won a fifty pound plate, added to a subscription purse of 227l.10s.0d.four miles, beating five others. In 1795, he won, atYork, a subscription of 25 guineas each, eight subscribers. The next day but two he won the great subscription purse, value 277l.10s.0d.beatingChariot,Constant, andScreveton. After which he appeared but twice on the turf, becoming aSTALLIONat five guineas each mare, and five shillings the groom.
,—a horse of much recent racing celebrity, bred byMr. Wentworthin the north of England, was foaled in the year 1789; got byKing Fergus; dam (Miss Cornforth) byMatchem; grand-dam bySampson; and great grand-dam byRegulus. In the Craven Meeting at Newmarket, 1792, he ran second toJohn Bullfor the great produce stakes of 200 guineas each, across the flat, half forfeit, thirty-five subscribers; beatingHotspur,Whiskey,St. Paul,Lucifer,Guildford, and others. The same year, atYork, he walked over for a sweepstakes of 100 guineas each, five subscribers. In 1793, atYork, he won a sweepstakes of 100 guineas each, fourteen subscribers. In 1794, atYork, he won a fifty pound plate, added to a subscription purse of 227l.10s.0d.four miles, beating five others. In 1795, he won, atYork, a subscription of 25 guineas each, eight subscribers. The next day but two he won the great subscription purse, value 277l.10s.0d.beatingChariot,Constant, andScreveton. After which he appeared but twice on the turf, becoming aSTALLIONat five guineas each mare, and five shillings the groom.
OVERTON,—another son ofKing Fergus, dam byHerod, grand-dam bySnip, great grand-dam own sister toRegulus, was bred byMr. Hutchinson, and foaled in 1788. At York, in 1792, he won a sweepstakes of 100 guineas each, half forfeit, twelve subscribers. The same week he won a fifty-pound plate, added to a subscription purse, beatingRosalind,Storm,Halbert, and two others. The next day he beatHalberta match four miles, for 300 guineas, giving him a stone. AtDoncasterhe won theGOLD CUPof 100 guineas value; beatingHuby,Rosalind,Smoaker,Gentleman, andColchis. AtYork, 1794, he beatHalberttwo miles for 200 guineas. After which hewas taken out of training, and became aSTALLIONat Skipton, near York, atTEN GUINEASa mare. He is the sire of those famous horsesCockfighterandRolla, bidding fair to become of more considerable celebrity.
,—another son ofKing Fergus, dam byHerod, grand-dam bySnip, great grand-dam own sister toRegulus, was bred byMr. Hutchinson, and foaled in 1788. At York, in 1792, he won a sweepstakes of 100 guineas each, half forfeit, twelve subscribers. The same week he won a fifty-pound plate, added to a subscription purse, beatingRosalind,Storm,Halbert, and two others. The next day he beatHalberta match four miles, for 300 guineas, giving him a stone. AtDoncasterhe won theGOLD CUPof 100 guineas value; beatingHuby,Rosalind,Smoaker,Gentleman, andColchis. AtYork, 1794, he beatHalberttwo miles for 200 guineas. After which hewas taken out of training, and became aSTALLIONat Skipton, near York, atTEN GUINEASa mare. He is the sire of those famous horsesCockfighterandRolla, bidding fair to become of more considerable celebrity.