SHOEING SMITH.—The shoeing smith, more frequently known by the denomination ofBLACKSMITHorFARRIER, is, unluckily for those who profess it, a business of much greater bodily labour than professional emolument; hence it is, that few, except the very lowest classes of society, can ever be prevailed upon to engage in it. Here then has always been the deficiency so much complained of, and so universally known, with all the practitioners of the old school, acting asSMITHSandFARRIERS, whether in town or country; and it is much to be regretted, that their original want of education, the means of instruction, and their total ignorance of thepropertiesofMEDICINE, should have hitherto secluded themfrom every chance of mental improvement, and personal emulation. If we advert to theirmanners, we find them in direct uniformity with their intellectual capacity:rudebynature, they becomecunningbyart; unfortunatelyuntaught, it is their greatest pride to become proportionallyuntractable, and know so little themselves, they confidently affect to believe butlittleis known byothers: shielded by which ideal sagacity, they obstinately persist in an opinion oftheir own, in opposition to every other, or individually determine to abide by no rational opinionat all.
.—The shoeing smith, more frequently known by the denomination ofBLACKSMITHorFARRIER, is, unluckily for those who profess it, a business of much greater bodily labour than professional emolument; hence it is, that few, except the very lowest classes of society, can ever be prevailed upon to engage in it. Here then has always been the deficiency so much complained of, and so universally known, with all the practitioners of the old school, acting asSMITHSandFARRIERS, whether in town or country; and it is much to be regretted, that their original want of education, the means of instruction, and their total ignorance of thepropertiesofMEDICINE, should have hitherto secluded themfrom every chance of mental improvement, and personal emulation. If we advert to theirmanners, we find them in direct uniformity with their intellectual capacity:rudebynature, they becomecunningbyart; unfortunatelyuntaught, it is their greatest pride to become proportionallyuntractable, and know so little themselves, they confidently affect to believe butlittleis known byothers: shielded by which ideal sagacity, they obstinately persist in an opinion oftheir own, in opposition to every other, or individually determine to abide by no rational opinionat all.
When a candid comparison is made between their dangerous and laborious employment and their disproportioned emoluments, it must be admitted by every mind of liberality, they are theworst paidfor their drudgery of any set of men in the universe. Hence arises thatsterile apathyin the business, which is so much the subject of general indignation and universal contempt; and is the only well-founded reason, why there are so few men of education, or intellectual ability, to be found amidst the daily increasing number who profess the practice. Custom, too, has excluded them from any respectable weight in the scale of society; thereby rendering the obstacles to worldly elevation too numerous, and too uncertain, for even the most laudable and spirited emulation to encounter, with even a distant probability of success. These considerationsreadily reconcile it to reason, why (upon the most moderate calculation, taking the kingdom in general from one extremity to another) there are not more than one in every hundred, who exists by the practice ofSHOEINGandFARRIERY, that can speak with precision upon thepropertyof theMEDICINEhe prescribes; or elucidate, with propriety, the probable process, or ultimate effect, of theOPERATIONherecommends.
In such predicament, probably anxious to do good, without thepersonal powertoEFFECTit, they may be impartially considered "men more sinned against than sinning;" and, in many instances, much more entitled to the commiseration of the enlightened, than the contemptuous indifference they so frequently receive. Happily, however, for the vocation itself, much more happily for the community at large, improvement in thePRACTICEofFARRIERYhas at length become an object of national consideration; and the institution has been repeatedly honored withPARLIAMENTARY CONTRIBUTIONS; under which predictive ray of reformation, part of the present generation may probably not only derive future advantage, but live to see the former system rescued from theignoranceandbarbarityby which it has been for so many centuries disgraced. The great hazard arising from the practice of the injudicious or ill informed, is their possessing an unrestrained power of plunging into a bold andinconsiderate use of the mostdangerousmedicines, the present operation and ultimate effect of which they solittleunderstand, and are so absolutelyunableto explain.
It is no uncommon thing to hear ofbleeding,rowelling,purging,glystering, andblistering, nearly all taking place (with the same subject) within the space oftwenty-fourhours; and could athousandthpart of the poor unfortunate animals so rashly annihilated, butrise, andrecite, the load of medicalcombustiblesandcontrarietiesby which they weredestinedto theirlongandlastsleep, what a complicated history of theMATERIA MEDICAwould be brought to light, and what a scene ofprofessional knowledgedisplayed, to form the basis ofREFORMATION, with that long list of sublime disquisitionists, who, waving the disgraceful appellations ofsmithandfarrier, are becomingVETERINARY SURGEONSin almost every remote corner of the kingdom! One great and almost invincible error amongst the veterinarian fraternity (of whom there are manyjuvenilesnow to be seen) is their superficial survey, and hasty decision, in cases of the utmost magnitude; anticipating theprognostics, without even descending to examine the predominantsymptomsofDISEASE. Passionately fond ofaffecting infallibility, they rashly promisemorethan they find themselves able to perform; and thus by their own weakness, voluntarily exposed, are frequently compelled toretract to-morrow,what they have most inconsiderately assertedto-day; thereby overwhelming themselves with a load of professionaldisgrace, from which there seems no sanguine prospect of speedy extrication.
SmithsandFARRIERSin general, being unfortunately ignorant in the peculiar property of each particular medicine, is not a greater misfortune, than their being absolute strangers to themedicines themselves, thereby becoming the standing dupes of adulteration. The warehouses and shops of inferior druggists, it is well known by men of experience, are by no means remarkable for professionalpurity; in some obscure corner of which is generally areservoirofrubbish, admirably adapted to thepriseandpracticeofFARRIERS, with whom a custom so laudable has been established for time immemorial, and from the palpable pecuniary effects upon both parties is not likely to be abolished.
SHOOTING—is become a sport of so much pleasure and universality, that the legislature has found it expedient to extract an annual contribution ofTHREE GUINEASfrom every individual who enjoys it. In fact, it is so perfectly congenial to the dispositions of the people, and so truly conducive to the greatest blessing in life,HEALTH, that it should seem its votaries have annually increased in proportion to the conditional restraints of parliamentary prohibition.Shooting, in its most extensive signification, may be supposed to imply theact of shooting with a fowling-piece, at any object in general, without a specific determination; but, narrowed into a less diffuse, and more expressive compass, it is then reduced to the more particular points thus defined.Pheasantshooting,PARTRIDGEshooting,GROUSEshooting,COCKshooting,RABBITshooting,SNIPEshooting,DUCK,WILD FOWL, &c. These are pleasures varying a little in the difference of pursuit and enjoyment, but have, according to the season, their various degrees of attraction. Pheasant shooting begins (under certain penalties and restrictions, if killedbeforeorafterthe days mentioned) on thefirstofOctoberin every year, and ends on thefirstofFebruaryfollowing. Partridge shooting begins on thefirstofSeptember, and extends to thefirstofFebruarynext ensuing. The season (under similar restrictions, but heavier penalties) for killingHEATH-FOWL, or black game, commences on the 20th ofAugust, and terminates on the 10th ofDecember; and for grouse, or red game, on the 12th ofAugust, and ends on the 10th ofDecember. Woodcocks and Snipes being birds of passage, and not included in any act for the preservation of game, the time for killing is unlimited; being entirely dependent upon the season, the country they appear in, and the flights as they arrive.
—is become a sport of so much pleasure and universality, that the legislature has found it expedient to extract an annual contribution ofTHREE GUINEASfrom every individual who enjoys it. In fact, it is so perfectly congenial to the dispositions of the people, and so truly conducive to the greatest blessing in life,HEALTH, that it should seem its votaries have annually increased in proportion to the conditional restraints of parliamentary prohibition.Shooting, in its most extensive signification, may be supposed to imply theact of shooting with a fowling-piece, at any object in general, without a specific determination; but, narrowed into a less diffuse, and more expressive compass, it is then reduced to the more particular points thus defined.Pheasantshooting,PARTRIDGEshooting,GROUSEshooting,COCKshooting,RABBITshooting,SNIPEshooting,DUCK,WILD FOWL, &c. These are pleasures varying a little in the difference of pursuit and enjoyment, but have, according to the season, their various degrees of attraction. Pheasant shooting begins (under certain penalties and restrictions, if killedbeforeorafterthe days mentioned) on thefirstofOctoberin every year, and ends on thefirstofFebruaryfollowing. Partridge shooting begins on thefirstofSeptember, and extends to thefirstofFebruarynext ensuing. The season (under similar restrictions, but heavier penalties) for killingHEATH-FOWL, or black game, commences on the 20th ofAugust, and terminates on the 10th ofDecember; and for grouse, or red game, on the 12th ofAugust, and ends on the 10th ofDecember. Woodcocks and Snipes being birds of passage, and not included in any act for the preservation of game, the time for killing is unlimited; being entirely dependent upon the season, the country they appear in, and the flights as they arrive.
Pheasant shootingmay be considered the most laborious, and least entertaining, of the whole, unless in Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Hampshire, andsome other counties, where the large tracts of lofty woodlands, and corresponding underwood, contribute so materially to their annual increase and preservation. This sport is mostly pursued with the small springing spaniel, whose eager tongue, the moment he touchesscentof thefoot, orwindsthebird, gives "early note of earnest preparation." Pointers of great strength, and high courage, hunted witha bell, are frequently instrumental to good sport, and great success; but they must be fast goers, and once knowing their business, not readily disposed tostop, ordrawslowly; if so, the bird will frequently rise in the highest part of the covert, or at sucha distance, that an open shot will but seldom be obtained, particularly in a country thin of game. Those who wish to preserve well-bred and well-broke pointers in a state of unsullied excellence, will not accustom them to covert hunting, but invariably use their spaniels in one of the sports for which they were so evidently intended.
Partridge shootingis, to a contemplative mind, of a much more entertaining description; for the objects of pursuit being found in the open fields, every part of the sport is seen and enjoyed. Partridges are not in equal abundance every year, but depend in a great degree upon the state of the weather during the time oflayingtheeggs, as well as the time ofHATCHING; which is almost invariably between themiddleand theendofJune.When the months ofMayandJuneare dry, birds are in general exceedingly numerous, and proportionally strong upon wing by the commencement of theSHOOTING SEASON; but when heavy and dreadful rains fall, as they frequently do during theHAY HARVEST, the destruction is incredible. Such continued rains not only chill the eggs during incubation, but drown numbers of the young almost so soon as they are out of their shells. Wet seasons also are destructive toANTS, upon which, and their eggs, young partridges and pheasants principally subsist. Partridges so soon as the corn is cut down, and they are in a great degree deprived of the shelter and protection under which they were bred, display a most wonderful timidity and dread of danger; to which the whole covey are induced by the unceasing anxiety of theHENfor the safety of her young.
Thus incessantly alive to perpetual fear, they change their situation repeatedly in the course of the day; as well to insure security from all probable danger, as to supply the calls of nature. In the first part of the shooting season, while thestubblesofWHEATandBARLEYare fresh, and not rendered too bare, or too much beaten by cattle, they are to be found in either one or the other, both late at night, and early in the morning: after feeding in which, (if not disturbed by the approach of those in pursuit of them,) by a signal from the hen, they risegently, as it were, in a cluster, and glide or skim along with as little flutter as possible to the nearest turnips, standing clover, rushy moors, or grassy low coverts, in some of which, during the middle of the day, they are always to be found; and not unfrequently near a watry ditch, or running stream; as it is at this time, and only once a day, they take this part of their sustenance: but as there are many hilly countries in which water is but rarely to be found, it is natural to conclude, their wants in this respect may be amply supplied by the morning dewdrops with which vegetation so plentifully abounds.
The dogs peculiarly appropriate to and used in this sport, are principallyPOINTERS, at least with those who rank asSPORTSMEN, and have too high a respect for its character to degrade the order; and it is never pursued with greater consistency, or enjoyed with greater ecstasy, (or more success,) than whentoo many guns, ortoo manydogs, are not seen in the field together. Any number above two of the former, and two brace of the latter, in one company, evidently denote much more ofpoaching rapacity, and an intentional annihilation ofGAME, than ofSPORTINGequity.Double-barrelled gunspartake a little of the same impression, being admirably calculated to promote the very scarcity so much and so constantly complained of. The art ofSHOOTING FLYING, in which numbers are so exceedingly expert, and which, in fact, may be soeasily attained, is not, in general, acquired with that facility by young sportsmen, which might naturally be expected. This is entirely owing to thetimidity,volatility,anxiety, andimpatience, of the mind, at the very critical moment when all should bequietandcalmwithin; but at the impressive crisis, when the point takes place, and the animal is fixed seemingly immoveable, under an instinctive impulse, which instantaneously excites in the human frame a most aweful sensation, (the heart palpitating withHOPE,FEAR, andSUSPENSE,) the birds rise, and with so much noisy rapidity, that the mind and body being equally agitated, no particular bird is singled for theAIM, at the instant ofpullingthetrigger, and the whole escape.
There is no pursuit, game, or amusement, in which a proficiency is to be obtained, can require a nicer eye, a steadier hand, a cooler head, or a more philosophic patience, than theSPORTbefore us. Sportsmen of experience waste neither theirtimenor theirlabour; they well know, according to the description not long since given, where to find the game, according to the time of the day; and are seldom seen hunting their dogs in unlikely places. They cover the ground slowly and deliberately, that none should remain unbeaten, or birds be left behind: when a dog stands (or makes his point) the master should for a momentstand stillalso; the general stillness settles the dog more firmly tohis point, and the birds are more likely to lie. If the gunner hurries up, (as many frequently do,) it hurries the dog also, and not only makes him impatient, but the game probably gets upout of shot; or, what is equally productive of mortification, he himself gets up to the point so flurried, and out of breath, that he finds it impracticable to take regular aim; and when hefancieshe does, the bodilytremorhe is in renders the shot ineffectual. To become a steady and good shot, some few short rules are unavoidably necessary, the principal of which is cool deliberation: those of too warm, hasty and impetuous a disposition, should retain in memory a single line from the immortal bard;
"Wiselyandslow; theySTUMBLEwho runfast."
"Wiselyandslow; theySTUMBLEwho runfast."
When the dog has enjoyed his point sufficiently, whether the birds are walked up, or rise spontaneously, the gun should never be raised to the shoulder till the whole covey arepatientlysurveyed, and the very bird fixed upon, at which the aim is intended to be taken; this once done, and the eye not removed from the devotedvictimtill the instrument of death is brought to bear, the sightoncecaught, and themotionwith thetriggermade in the critical and correspondingtwinkling, success in most instances must eventually ensue. It may not be inapplicable to remark, that the progress to perfection is greatly retarded, amongst thejuvenilebranches ofSPORTING SOCIETY(when shooting in company) by invariably and emulatively (but very inconsiderately and imprudently) endeavouring to obtain theFIRSTshot: the error being mutual, so is the disappointment; probablyboth, or all,miss; to which nothing ensues but avacant stareof mortification, not to add disgrace: but if a birdhappensto fall, it is productive of clamour, and general jealousy: it is claimed by all: and personal acidities, from such trifling circumstances, have sometimes arisen about apaltry partridge, that have continued during the lives of the parties. The prudent and patient who shoot in company, will be circumspect in every motion; they will not take aim at thefirst birdwhich happens to rise, (to be confused by those who are rising,) or fix upon a bird on the left hand when a companion is onthat side, and the bird going off directlyacross him. The right hand man and the left should take invariably birds on their own distinct sides; but when they go off in adirect line, circumstances and proceedings must be regulated accordingly.
Grouse shootingdiffers but little from the preceding, excepting its being more laborious, and taking place in the hotter months, and in the more hilly or mountainous countries. This species of game is not universally dispersed, like the partridge, over the face of the kingdom, but a native inhabitant of some particular district in wild,remote, or peculiar situations. They were some few years since to be plentifully seen in many parts ofWales, and in theNew ForestofHampshire; but they are now very much reduced, and rarely to be found; at least not in sufficient numbers to render it a sport worth pursuing. In the northern counties bordering upon the Tweed, and in various parts of Scotland, they are so numerous, that many of the most opulent and eager sportsmen make very long and expensive journies, to satiate themselves, and weary their dogs, with an unrestrained and unlimited profusion of sport. The grouse is larger than the partridge, and, when full grown, weighs from twenty to two-and-twenty ounces. The plumage is variegated, and beautifully composed of black, red, and white; the tail being similar to that of the partridge, but a little larger when extended in flight.
TheGROUSEperseveringly adhere to those mountains and moors which are covered with heath, seldom or ever descending into the lower grounds. They fly inpacks, consisting of four or five brace; and indulge upon intervening tracts of soft mossy ground, particularly in the hotter months of the year. The cackling noise of the cock may be heard at a considerable distance; and when once the dog makes his point, he is commonly the first bird upon wing. Upon thePOINTER'Sbeing first observed tostand, it is instantly necessary to keep theeye forward; for if the birds are perceived toerecttheir heads, andrun, it is considered an infallible sign they willnot lie wellduring that day; in which case there is no alternative, but to head the dog, and, if possible, keep pace with them, so as to be within shot when they rise; if which advantage is not taken, many a long and laborious day may be undertaken without the consolation of a single bird. As the time for this sport commences in the sultry season, and generally in parts of the country remote from expeditious means of conveyance, they do not very frequently reach the Metropolis; at least in such a recent state as to be perfectly attracting: they are (particularly if not killed remarkably clean) very soon disposed toputridity; and if required or intended to be sent to any great distance, they should be drawn as soon as convenient after they are shot, and the vacuum filled up with fine heath or herbage for the journey.
Cock(orWoodcock)SHOOTINGis of a different and most entertaining description, when and wherever a plenty for the sport can be found. The woodcock is a bird of passage, and found frequently in a greater or less degree about the second, third, or last week of October. Their annual arrival in this country is more or less protracted by the uncertainty of thewindandweatherat that particular season; the east and north-east winds(with a foggy heavy atmosphere) bring them over in the greatest plenty. Upon their first arrival, they have the appearance of being nearly exhausted, and drop under the nearest offered protection to the sea-shore; high trees, hedge-rows, small copses, heath, tufts of bushes and brambles, are equally acceptable. After rest, and such refreshment as the situations where they fall afford, they separate, and almost singly explore their way into the country more in-land, and fall in such woods, coverts, copses, or shaws, as are most applicably attracting or convenient to the length of their flight; varying the situation in future according to the accommodation they find, or the country they are in. No one part of the coast is more remarkable for their arrival in immense flights than another; Wales, Sussex, Norfolk, and to the extreme points of the north of Scotland, are, at different periods, supplied with equal plenty: in all or either of which, eight or ten brace (immediately after a flight arrives) have been killed out of one covert in a morning by a single gun.
The dogs used for this sport are the smallCOCKING SPANIEL; though they are frequently found by pointers, who make their point upon winding the bird, but not quite so staunch as to the more confirmed species; of which game the cock in a certain degree seems to partake. The woodcock, whenflushed, rises heavily from theground; and in an open glade, is so easily brought down, that even amoderateshot must be ashamed tomiss; but when sprung in a lofty oaken or beechen wood, he is obliged to tower almost perpendicular above their tops, before he can attain sufficient height to take his flight in a horizontal direction; and this kind of vermicular flight he makes with such rapidity, (turning and twisting to avoid the trees,) that it is almost impossible to seize a moment for shooting with any tolerable prospect of success. As partridge shooting requires an almost systematic silence for the production of sport, so cock shooting admits of the reverse: for the greater the noise, the greater probability of success. Well-bred spaniels immediatelyquestso soon as they come uponhaunt, as well as the moment a cock unexpectedly springs; this is the distinguishing trait of their utility, as it gives timely notice to every one of the party, and each individual has sufficient opportunity to be upon thewatch.
Those who enter into the true spirit of this sport, and where cocks are likely to be found, seldom set out for a complete day's adventure, without being previously provided with aMARKERexcellently qualified for the purpose in which he is engaged. And an assistant of this description becomes the more necessary, as a cock will very frequently suffer himself to be found, and shot at,fourorfivetimes in the same covert; and whenabsolutely driven out, will sink beyond the outer fence, and gliding a short distance almost close to the ground, will drop in some adjoining ditch.
Woodcocksare seen in this country till about the first, and sometimes the second, week inMarch: this, however, depends entirely upon the openness or severity of the season: if the winter has been accompanied with long and sharp frosts, they suddenly disappear within a few hours, (as by a kind of magical mystery,) and none to be found, with occasionally (and that but seldom) an exception of a disconsolate individual at or near some warm or shelteredSPRINGwhich has notfrozen. They are fullest of flesh during the months ofDecemberandJanuaryto the middle ofFebruary, from which time, as the spring sun gets warmer, they decline inweightto the time of their departure.
Snipe shootingis a sport the best calculated to try the perseveringfagandbottomof aSPORTSMANof any yet recounted; if he is not possessed of all thefortitude,patience, and indefatigableexertionof aWATER SPANIEL, he had better never be induced to make the embarkation, at least with any sanguine expectation of success. Towet,dirt, anddifficulty, he must be habitually inured: in body he must be invulnerable; with a constitution impregnable to the united attacks of morbidity,and a mind most perfectly at ease. Thus armed at all points forlandorwater,moorormire,swampsorbogs,SNIPE SHOOTING(where they are to be found in plenty) is a most excellent diversion; and some spots, particularly in a heath country, intersected by moors, swamps, and bogs, (as a celebrated scope calledEel Moor, near Hartford Bridge, upon the western road,) the sport is so incessant, that those who visit the place in open hazy weather, may shoot so often in succession, as to have frequent occasions in the same day to wait till the barrel cools.Snipesare of two kinds, one being full double the size of the other, and is called aWHOLE SNIPE; the smaller is called ajack, and of course somewhat more difficult tokill. Both sorts are found upon the same ground, and sometimes close to each other. They are birds of passage, and vary but little with theflightsofWOODCOCKSin the time of their arrival, which is generally about thefirstplentifulrainsinAutumn. They are said to breed mostly in the low and swampiest parts ofGermanyandSwitzerland; although it is certain numbers do not return with the greater bodies in the spring, but remain here during the summer, and breed in themarshesandfens, where their nests are often found in the month of June with four and five eggs in each.Pointersonly are made use of in this sport; and it is rather remarkable, that, notwithstanding this species of bird is so diminutive in proportion tothe game that a dog is constantly accustomed to, he stands equally staunch to even thejack, (the least of the two) as to eitherPHEASANT,HARE, orPARTRIDGE. Snipes, the moment they are upon wing, fly against the wind, encountering which, they go off in such atwistingandtwirlingdirection, that they arethena very difficult object toaimat; but by waiting with patience till they take their intended line, the shot may be made with a much greater probability of success. They cannot be said to be in season beforeNovember, or afterFebruary; for killed at any other time of the year, they mostly appear with a brannyscurfupon their bodies, as ifdiseased, or in a state of emaciation.
These are the different kinds of shooting only which comprize the pleasure of the gentleman sportsman, and in which the better kind of sporting dogs (POINTERS,SPANIELS, andSETTERS) are used. Shooting ofwild-fowl,rabbits, &c. are principally the amusement of those who are not particular in their objects of pursuit; but equally prepared for whatever may come in their way, from aPHEASANTto atom-tit, or from aSOLAN GOOSEto adab-chick. The scientific and systematic rules of shooting in the field are so generally known, and universally comprehended, in respect to the length of the gun, the mode of charging, the distance for firing, and some other trifling minutia,dependent upon contingencies, that a single line must be unnecessary in elucidation; except a salutary hint to the young and inexperienced, never to let others do for themwith the gun, what they can do for themselves. It should be the particular province of the person who shoots, to charge his own gun, and to be punctually precise in drawing the charge at hisreturn: a retrospective survey of the most melancholy and shocking accidents which the last few years have produced, will demonstrate to any humane and reflecting mind, the danger of letting eitherGUNorPISTOLremain loaded in a dwelling-house, where, by the single inadvertency alone, any individual of the family is perpetually liable to instantaneous destruction.
SHOULDER-LAMENESS,—in a horse, is a defect in the scapularian muscles, or at the ligamentary junction of the fore thigh-bone with the concave point of the shoulder blade, upon which many, and some opposite opinions have been obstinately maintained: and there are not wanting at the present moment, those whoaffectto believe, and presume to affirm, "there is no such thing as a shoulder lameness inanyhorse." The absurdity of this ridiculous and contemptible assertion, can only be equalled by the unparalleled ignorance and illiteracy of those who make it: strangers to the anatomical structure of parts, they are inadequate to the comprehension of their uses, and the purposesto which they become intentionally appropriate. In direct confutation of such futile opinion, it is most indisputably ascertained, that injuries are frequently sustained in the shoulders, from whichincurablelameness often ensues. Such accidents and misfortunes happen to horses in different ways: some by unforeseen circumstances, which no human prudence can prevent; others (equal, if not superior in number) by carelessness, inhumanity, inattention, or neglect. Lameness in the shoulder may be occasioned by the horse's being too suddenlystoppedandturnedupon uneven ground; sliding, stumbling, or flipping down, in a distorted position of either fore leg; turning too rapidly in a narrow stall, or too quick, sudden and short into a stable. That all which may be the better understood, by those who are anxious for information, and open to conviction, it is necessary, for the accommodation of every comprehension, to observe, that the blade or shoulder-bone not being fixed to the body by articulation, but by apposition adhering to the ribs, and firmly fastened thereto by corresponding musclesaboveandbelow, the animal, in undergoing any of the casualties before recited, sustains the injury described; in which the tendons or coats of those muscles are strained and relaxed; and as the extension has been more or less violent, so will the case be more or less dangerous and perplexing.
,—in a horse, is a defect in the scapularian muscles, or at the ligamentary junction of the fore thigh-bone with the concave point of the shoulder blade, upon which many, and some opposite opinions have been obstinately maintained: and there are not wanting at the present moment, those whoaffectto believe, and presume to affirm, "there is no such thing as a shoulder lameness inanyhorse." The absurdity of this ridiculous and contemptible assertion, can only be equalled by the unparalleled ignorance and illiteracy of those who make it: strangers to the anatomical structure of parts, they are inadequate to the comprehension of their uses, and the purposesto which they become intentionally appropriate. In direct confutation of such futile opinion, it is most indisputably ascertained, that injuries are frequently sustained in the shoulders, from whichincurablelameness often ensues. Such accidents and misfortunes happen to horses in different ways: some by unforeseen circumstances, which no human prudence can prevent; others (equal, if not superior in number) by carelessness, inhumanity, inattention, or neglect. Lameness in the shoulder may be occasioned by the horse's being too suddenlystoppedandturnedupon uneven ground; sliding, stumbling, or flipping down, in a distorted position of either fore leg; turning too rapidly in a narrow stall, or too quick, sudden and short into a stable. That all which may be the better understood, by those who are anxious for information, and open to conviction, it is necessary, for the accommodation of every comprehension, to observe, that the blade or shoulder-bone not being fixed to the body by articulation, but by apposition adhering to the ribs, and firmly fastened thereto by corresponding musclesaboveandbelow, the animal, in undergoing any of the casualties before recited, sustains the injury described; in which the tendons or coats of those muscles are strained and relaxed; and as the extension has been more or less violent, so will the case be more or less dangerous and perplexing.
Cases constantly occur, where, by a slip, a cavity in the road or pavement, a rolling-stone, or any other cause, the leg of a horse is unavoidably thrown into a distorted and unnatural position, from whence ills ensue; the ligamentary junction, and muscular support, may be singly or conjunctively injured, in proportion to the magnitude of the cause by which the accident was sustained. In most occurrences of this description, some difficulty arises in the endeavour to discover the preciseseatofinjury, which is not, by the most judicious and observant investigator, always to be decisively ascertained: amidst such doubts, strict examination should be made to discriminate with certainty between aLAMENESSin theSHOULDER, and adefectin thefoot; and this investigation is the more indispensibly necessary to be made, because, in strict verification of the ancient adage, "Doctors differ," instances are numerous, where one practitionervehementlyaffirms the lameness to be inone part, and his veterinarian opponent asviolentlypronounces it to be in another. There is, however, one kind of clue, if properly attended to, which will generally lead to a ready distinction between a lameness in the foot and an injury in the shoulder; by getting twenty yards before the horse, so as to face him, and having him brought forward with increased action, fixing the eye at the foot, and bringing it gradually up to the chest, the imbecile effort at thepointof theSHOULDERattended with pain, and the consequentbowordropof thehead, (as if going to fall,) will evidently demonstrate whether the seat of injury is there. On the contrary, in most lamenesses of theFOOT, the subject makes an attempt rather to hop, or to touch the earth lightly with the joint affected, than to give it equal support with the rest upon the ground: a horse lame in the foot, displays it most, the more he is ridden or driven; but a horse who has received an injury in the shoulder, demonstrates it less and less, the more he gets into a perspiration.
SIDE-SADDLE.—The saddle upon which women ride is so called. The injuries horses sustain by the use of these saddles, when not properly attended to, exceed conception. It is well known by those who are much in public, and make their occasional observations as they ride, that most of the women about the Metropolis (who, it may be presumed, are taught in the schools) ride exceedinglyill, and to a spectator, most mortifyinglyungraceful; or, in words more expressive and explanatory, they bear near theirwholeweight upon the swivel-clogstirrupof theSADDLE, and little or none upon the back of the horse. The evident effect of this is, that the saddle, which should preserve a due and consistent equilibrium, compulsively preponderates with the weight of the injudiciousRIDER, and has a constant bearing frictionupon theWITHERon the off side, from whence originates inflammation, bruise, tumor, formation of matter, and not infrequentlyFISTULA, as a finishing consolation to the concern. When a comparison is made between the equestrian ability of theFINE LADIESin the environs of London, and thebounce-aboutself-taught damsels of the country, the former sink extremely in comparative estimation. The best and most certain means of insuring safety with a saddle of this description, is to have a hollow on the inside the pad which comes in contact with the off side the wither, so formed, as to admit of no bearing on that side at all. This is readily accomplished, by ordering a vacuum of the size of an inverted tea-cup, with elastic quilting to surround the edge, which taking a regular, equal and circular bearing, so completely protects the wither, that it is impossible an injury can be sustained.
.—The saddle upon which women ride is so called. The injuries horses sustain by the use of these saddles, when not properly attended to, exceed conception. It is well known by those who are much in public, and make their occasional observations as they ride, that most of the women about the Metropolis (who, it may be presumed, are taught in the schools) ride exceedinglyill, and to a spectator, most mortifyinglyungraceful; or, in words more expressive and explanatory, they bear near theirwholeweight upon the swivel-clogstirrupof theSADDLE, and little or none upon the back of the horse. The evident effect of this is, that the saddle, which should preserve a due and consistent equilibrium, compulsively preponderates with the weight of the injudiciousRIDER, and has a constant bearing frictionupon theWITHERon the off side, from whence originates inflammation, bruise, tumor, formation of matter, and not infrequentlyFISTULA, as a finishing consolation to the concern. When a comparison is made between the equestrian ability of theFINE LADIESin the environs of London, and thebounce-aboutself-taught damsels of the country, the former sink extremely in comparative estimation. The best and most certain means of insuring safety with a saddle of this description, is to have a hollow on the inside the pad which comes in contact with the off side the wither, so formed, as to admit of no bearing on that side at all. This is readily accomplished, by ordering a vacuum of the size of an inverted tea-cup, with elastic quilting to surround the edge, which taking a regular, equal and circular bearing, so completely protects the wither, that it is impossible an injury can be sustained.
SIGNS of DISEASE—are various in horses, as influenced by the different sensations originating in the peculiar disorder of which they are the prognostics. One leading sign of internal pain or disquietude in a horse is, therefusalof hisFOOD, a drooping of thehead, a dulness of theeyes, a general bodilylassitude, and a seeming dislike toaction. These are evident signs of indisposition, and should always prove an immediate stimulus to necessary examination, which cannot be madetoo soon, as many horses are totally lost for want of proper attention at the commencement of disease. Those just mentioned, are not considered symptoms of severity, or such as hold forth indications ofSPEEDY DANGER; but they are of consequence to justify such early counteraction, as the nature of each particular case may render a matter of prudence and precaution. Much information may be collected from the state of the pulse, the warmth or coldness of the ears, the parching heat, clammy viscidity, or fleshy smell of the mouth, the heaving of the flank, the white or inflamed state of the eye-lids, and the glassy appearance of the eyes themselves; all which appertain to cold, fever, pleurisy, inflammation of the lungs, or affections of the liver. A horse's being in excruciating pain, looking back to his flank incessantly on either one side or the other, laying, or ratherdropping, down suddenly, extending his extremities to the utmost, groaning at the same time, then raising his head as he lays, and pointing the nose to his flank, rolling over in his stall, and hastily rising, are all symptoms of cholic, and of that kind termed inflammatory, occasioned by indurated excrements in the intestinal canal, which, if not properly and expeditiously removed, produceMORTIFICATION, and, of course, death.
—are various in horses, as influenced by the different sensations originating in the peculiar disorder of which they are the prognostics. One leading sign of internal pain or disquietude in a horse is, therefusalof hisFOOD, a drooping of thehead, a dulness of theeyes, a general bodilylassitude, and a seeming dislike toaction. These are evident signs of indisposition, and should always prove an immediate stimulus to necessary examination, which cannot be madetoo soon, as many horses are totally lost for want of proper attention at the commencement of disease. Those just mentioned, are not considered symptoms of severity, or such as hold forth indications ofSPEEDY DANGER; but they are of consequence to justify such early counteraction, as the nature of each particular case may render a matter of prudence and precaution. Much information may be collected from the state of the pulse, the warmth or coldness of the ears, the parching heat, clammy viscidity, or fleshy smell of the mouth, the heaving of the flank, the white or inflamed state of the eye-lids, and the glassy appearance of the eyes themselves; all which appertain to cold, fever, pleurisy, inflammation of the lungs, or affections of the liver. A horse's being in excruciating pain, looking back to his flank incessantly on either one side or the other, laying, or ratherdropping, down suddenly, extending his extremities to the utmost, groaning at the same time, then raising his head as he lays, and pointing the nose to his flank, rolling over in his stall, and hastily rising, are all symptoms of cholic, and of that kind termed inflammatory, occasioned by indurated excrements in the intestinal canal, which, if not properly and expeditiously removed, produceMORTIFICATION, and, of course, death.
If the body is greatly distended, having the same symptoms, it is then called the flatulent cholic, and proceeds from the confined collection and retention ofwind; to the immediate relief of which, flank and belly rubbing by two good strong men (one on each side) will greatly contribute. Constantly striding, and endeavouring to stale without success, denotes defect in the sphincter or neck of the bladder: discharging the urine by dribblings, in small quantities, and often, may be considered some injury sustained in theKIDNIES, particularly if the urine is in any degree tinged with blood. Glandular tumefactions under the jaws, with a soreness of the throat, if the horse is young, may be supposed an attack of the strangles; if an aged horse, who is known to have hadthatdisorder,GLANDERSmay probably ensue. A dry parched tongue, wrinkled at the sides with constant heat, is a palpable proof of fever; a raw and fleshy smell from the same, confirms it: a putrid fœtid smell from the nostrils, attended with a slimy discharge, equally glutinous and offensive, denotes a consumption of the lungs. A horse constantly dejected, with a gradually declining appetite, and inattention to those about him, bearing his head constantly to his right side, may be suspected of an inflammation of, or a tumefaction in, theLIVER, affording an additional and strongly corroborating symptom, if there is a palpableyellownessupon the original white of the eyes. This latter is also a distinguishing trait of jaundice.
Horses, when first attacked with fever, or an inflammation of the lungs, are observed to have alternate fits ofshiveringfor the first two or three hours. Although a horse's coat may beroughandhollowfrom a cold stable, neglect, and ill looking after, it is sometimes a proof that all is not rightwithin. If a horse is observed to strike his foot petulantly, and repeatedly, against his belly, threatenings ofCHOLICmay be apprehended: but if at the same time he frisks his tail, and draws it in close to his quarters, irritation in the rectum is the cause; and the pain in the body, and itching at the anus, are produced byWORMS. In addition to the signs of disease, a few words may be applicable upon the signs of health; and although the horse'sVIGOUR,STRENGTH, andSPIRITS, will, upon nearly all occasions, unerringly demonstrate this, yet some few shades of instruction and precaution may be acquired from a little attention to the secretions of, and discharges from, the body.
AHORSEorMAREin high health, seldom varies much in the colors or quantities of what are termed the excrementitious discharges from the body; as they are in general a tolerable criterion of the real state it is in. The dung from a horse in good conditionfor work, free from a viscid or diseased affection of the blood, and the various disorders and humours dependent thereupon, will be mostly observed of a pale yellow, moderately united in firm bright globules, rather brittle than adhesive, with a shining slippery surface, but perfectly free from a glutinous viscid slime. If the dung ishard,black, andoffensive, when it falls, the body is overloaded, the habit is costive, and it has been too long retained; if covered with the gluey slime before described, it is a sufficient proof of internal foulness, and most probably of impending disease. When a horse is labouring under a dangerous disease, some occasional assisting information may be derived from theURINEas itfalls, and much more if caught, and set by to subside. If it comes away limpid and colourless, remaining in that state after being set by, it is not considered a symptom of a very favourable complexion; but if it comes away red, or of a turbid yellow, with an oily skin upon its surface, and afterwards deposits a kind of brickdust sediment, with a kind of strong or terebinthinate effluvia, it may be considered a good sign, and is very frequently the harbinger of aspeedyrecovery.
If, during the progress and various changes of disease, it should assume different appearances, first of the healthy, and then the opposite aspect, the case is doubtful, and danger may be apprehended; as it affords sufficient demonstration, thereis a powerful struggle in the system, and the morbid miasma is not subdued. The best state of a horse's urine, when inHEALTHandCONDITION, is of a yellowish tinge, moderate consistence, a strong smell, rather grateful than offensive, and a penetrating property: these, in the aggregate, may be concluded indications ofspirits,strength, andvigour; the reverse, (in any serious degree,) slight symptoms of disquietude, or impending disease. After all the inculcations that can possibly be introduced under this head, the most judicious and experienced practitioner will sometimes find it extremely difficult to distinguish, with certainty, between one internal disease and another; having nothing to assist him in the discovery but his own judgment, and the most predominant symptoms at themoment, many of which are common to other diseases. Notwithstanding these uncertainties, and the doubts which may arise between one and the other, it is the duty of every Veterinarian to acquire as perfect a knowledge as possible ofDIAGNOSTICS; for although his incessant inquiries may not render him aninfallibleguide in every case without exception, it will afford him the gratification of a distinguished superiority over those who have neglected to avail themselves of the same advantages.
SINEWS—is the fashionable and common term for the tendinous coat of the muscles extending from the back of a horse's knee to the fetlock joint,when which is in any degree elongated bystrain,twist, or any other accident, the horse is then said to be broken down in theBACK SINEWS. The sinews or tendons are liable at all times to violent spasmodic contractions (seeCramp) not only in any one of the extremities, but throughout the whole body; the immediate and remote causes of which are hitherto undiscovered, and will most probably remain so, in respect tocertainty; although there are not wanting speculators ofmental fertility, who attribute them to various causes, without having, perhaps, in the whole number, fixed upon theright. One class of thesesuppose, convulsive contractions of the tendons are occasioned bysurfeits, or the want of proper evacuation; another, from too plentiful and repeated bleedings, too violent purgings, or too hard labour; assigning for a reason, "that these fill thehollownessof theSINEWSwith cold windy vapours, which are the only great causes of convulsions." Where they occur from accidental causes, and casual injuries, as in wounds, perforations, or instrumental incisions, the origin is obvious, and in a certain degree points out the immediate road to local relief. When a tendon has been in part divided, or only punctured, a succession of painful and most alarming symptoms invariably ensue, and relief can only be obtained by early application to the best opinion, and most experienced judgment, that can be produced; with the very slender and mortifying consolation,that not one in twenty (if severely injured) ever after proves of any permanent utility.
—is the fashionable and common term for the tendinous coat of the muscles extending from the back of a horse's knee to the fetlock joint,when which is in any degree elongated bystrain,twist, or any other accident, the horse is then said to be broken down in theBACK SINEWS. The sinews or tendons are liable at all times to violent spasmodic contractions (seeCramp) not only in any one of the extremities, but throughout the whole body; the immediate and remote causes of which are hitherto undiscovered, and will most probably remain so, in respect tocertainty; although there are not wanting speculators ofmental fertility, who attribute them to various causes, without having, perhaps, in the whole number, fixed upon theright. One class of thesesuppose, convulsive contractions of the tendons are occasioned bysurfeits, or the want of proper evacuation; another, from too plentiful and repeated bleedings, too violent purgings, or too hard labour; assigning for a reason, "that these fill thehollownessof theSINEWSwith cold windy vapours, which are the only great causes of convulsions." Where they occur from accidental causes, and casual injuries, as in wounds, perforations, or instrumental incisions, the origin is obvious, and in a certain degree points out the immediate road to local relief. When a tendon has been in part divided, or only punctured, a succession of painful and most alarming symptoms invariably ensue, and relief can only be obtained by early application to the best opinion, and most experienced judgment, that can be produced; with the very slender and mortifying consolation,that not one in twenty (if severely injured) ever after proves of any permanent utility.
SIR PETER TEAZLE,—the name of the most celebratedSTALLIONat present in the kingdom; his blood, performances, and progeny, being reckoned inferior to none, and superior to most of those who have ever appeared upon the turf. He was foaled in 1784; bred by theEarlofDerby, got byHighflyer, dam (Papillon) bySnap, grand-dam byRegulus, who was got by theGodolphin Arabian. At three and four years old he was the best of his time, beating every opponent, and winning stakes to a great amount. The second day of the Craven Meeting atNewmarketin 1789, when four years old, he won a subscription of 50 guineas each; beatingMeteor,Pegasus, andGunpowder; and received forfeit fromBustler,Rockingham,Poker,Patrick,Schoolboy,Harlot, and three others. In the first October meeting of the same year, he broke down, when running againstCardock,Driver,Schoolboy, andGunpowder, with the odds in his favour; immediately after which he was announced as a stallion for the ensuing year at 10 guineas a mare, and half a guinea the groom. In 1794 his get began to appear. A bay filly of Mr. Clifton's won 120 guineas at Catterick, and 140 guineas at Knutsford. Another of Mr. Tarleton's won 100 guineas at Preston, and 40l.10s.at Nottingham; and the afterwards celebratedHermionewon 80 guineas at Newmarket, the Oaks stakes of 50 guineas each (31 subscribers) at Epsom, 50l.at Lewes, and 50l.at Reading.
,—the name of the most celebratedSTALLIONat present in the kingdom; his blood, performances, and progeny, being reckoned inferior to none, and superior to most of those who have ever appeared upon the turf. He was foaled in 1784; bred by theEarlofDerby, got byHighflyer, dam (Papillon) bySnap, grand-dam byRegulus, who was got by theGodolphin Arabian. At three and four years old he was the best of his time, beating every opponent, and winning stakes to a great amount. The second day of the Craven Meeting atNewmarketin 1789, when four years old, he won a subscription of 50 guineas each; beatingMeteor,Pegasus, andGunpowder; and received forfeit fromBustler,Rockingham,Poker,Patrick,Schoolboy,Harlot, and three others. In the first October meeting of the same year, he broke down, when running againstCardock,Driver,Schoolboy, andGunpowder, with the odds in his favour; immediately after which he was announced as a stallion for the ensuing year at 10 guineas a mare, and half a guinea the groom. In 1794 his get began to appear. A bay filly of Mr. Clifton's won 120 guineas at Catterick, and 140 guineas at Knutsford. Another of Mr. Tarleton's won 100 guineas at Preston, and 40l.10s.at Nottingham; and the afterwards celebratedHermionewon 80 guineas at Newmarket, the Oaks stakes of 50 guineas each (31 subscribers) at Epsom, 50l.at Lewes, and 50l.at Reading.
In 1795,ninewinners appeared, amongst whomHermione(thenMr. Durand's) won 100 guineas at Epsom; the gold cup, 40 guineas, and 100 guineas at Oxford; 45 guineas at Egham, and the Queen's 100 guineas at Chelmsford.
In 1796twelvewinners started.Ambrosio(three years old) won 150 guineas, and 50l.at York; 275 guineas at the same place; and the St. Leger stakes of 25 guineas each (15 subscribers) at Doncaster.Brasswon 300 guineas, and 50 guineas, at Newmarket. A brown colt of Sir F. Standish's won 200 guineas, and the Prince's stakes of 500 guineas, at the same.Hermionewon the two King's plates at Newmarket, and 50l.at Guildford.Parisotwon the Oaks stakes at Epsom, 50 guineas each, 42 subscribers.
In 1797 his reputation as a stallion continued increasing; eleven of his produce obtained 33 stakes, plates, &c.Ambrosiowon the first class of the Oatland stakes of 50 guineas each, (12 subscribers,) beatingStickler,Gabriel,Play or Pay,Frederick,Trumpeter,Parrot, andCannons; 100 guineas, and 200 guineas, at Newmarket.Hermionewon the third class of the Oatlands, 50 guineaseach, (12 subscribers,) beating five others; and the King's plate at Newmarket, and 50l.at Epsom; the King's plate, and 60 guineas, at Lewes; and the King's 100 guineas at Canterbury and at Warwick.Honest John, 100 guineas at York, and 100 guineas at Richmond.Petrinawon three fifties at Newcastle, Knutsford, and Northampton.Shepherd, two fifties at Durham.Stamford(3 years old) 200 guineas, and 150 guineas, at Newmarket, 200 guineas at Epsom, 280 guineas at Stamford, and the gold cup at Doncaster.Welshmanwon 100 guineas at Chester, 50l.and 50 guineas, at Knutsford, and a sweepstakes at Tarporley.
In 1798,Ambrosiowon eight stakes and plates, amounting to 1625 guineas.Black Georgewon 180 guineas, and 150 guineas, at Chester, 45 guineas at Newcastle, and 50l.at Knutsford.Demon, 100 guineas at Chester, and 60 guineas at Tarporley.Honest John, 200 guineas at York, and 134l.at Richmond.Pentacrue, 50l.at Dumfries, and 50l.at Ayr.Petrina, the gold cup at Chesterfield, and the King's 100 guineas at Lincoln.Sir Harry(three years old) the Derby stakes at Epsom, 50 guineas each, 37 subscribers.Stamford, 233l.15s.and the Ladies' Plate at York; the gold cup, and 100l.at Doncaster.
In 1799 seventeen started, who were the winners of 37 subscriptions, sweepstakes, and plates.Ambrosiowon 50l.at Newmarket, 225l.at York, and 200 guineas at Doncaster.Archduke(three years old) won 400 guineas at Newmarket, and the Derby stakes, 50 guineas each, 33 subscribers, at Epsom.Black George, 50 guineas at Newcastle, and 70 guineas at Litchfield.Expectation(three years old) 100 guineas and a handicap plate at Newmarket.Fanny, 140 guineas at Doncaster.Knowsley, 60 guineas at Catterick; 120 guineas, and the stand plate, at York.Lady Jane, 25 guineas at Preston, two fifties at Cardiff, 50l.at Hereford, and 50l.at Abingdon.Parisot, 800 guineas at Newmarket.Petrina, 50l.at Warwick, and 50l.at Shrewsbury.Polyphemus, 50l.at Shawbury, and 50l.at Northampton.Princess, 50l.at Epsom, 50l.at Brighton, and 50l.at Reading.Push-forward, 50l.at Penrith, and 50l.at Carlisle.Roxana, 100 guineas at Catterick, 300 guineas, and 100 guineas, at York, and 80 guineas at Beverley.Sir Harry, the Claret stakes of 1100 guineas at Newmarket.Stamford, the King's 100 guineas and the Ladies' Plate at York.
His constantly increasing reputation as a stallion produced an annual increase of winners. In 1800 fifteen of his get started, and were the winners ofthirty-ninesweepstakes, subscriptions, matches, and plates; the principal of which were,Agonistes, (three years old) 140 guineas at York, 220 guineas at Newcastle, the produce stakes of 100 guineaseach at Preston, and 160 guineas at Malton.Expectation(then four years old) wontenprizes, 150 guineas, 35 guineas, 32½ guineas, and 25 guineas, at Newmarket; 50 guineas, and the Jockey Club Plate, at the same; the Pavilion stakes of 25 guineas each (6 subscribers) at Brighton; 200 guineas, and 60 guineas, at Lewes, and the Gold Cup at Oxford.Fanny, the great produce sweepstakes of 100 guineas each at York, (22 subscribers;) seven she beat, and fourteen paid half forfeit, so that she won 1400 guineas in less than eight minutes.Knowsley(the Prince of Wales's) won the King's 100 guineas at Guildford, Winchester, Lewes, and Litchfield, with 80 guineas also at Lewes.Robin Red-breast, 50l.at Bridgenorth, 50l.at Newcastle, 50l.at Nantwich, the King's 100 guineas at Warwick, and 50l.at Litchfield.Sir Harry, 200 guineas, and 550 guineas.Sir Solomonmade a very conspicuous figure, as will be seen under that distinct head.
In 1801 and 1802 he seems to have attained, in his progeny, the very summit of all possible celebrity: during the former there appeared fifteen of his produce, who were the winners of 44 sweepstakes, subscriptions, and plates, of which the most eminent wereAgonistes, who won 100 guineas at Newcastle, the King's Plate, 216l.5s.and the Ladies Plate, at York; the Gold Cup, of 170 guineas value, at Richmond; 120 guineas at Malton,and the King's 100 guineas at Carlisle.Haphazard, 90 guineas at Catterick, 50l.at Preston, 60l.at Knutsford, 50l.at Pontefract, 100l.at Doncaster, and 50l.at Carlisle.Lancaster, 50 guineas at York, two fifties and 100 guineas at Morpeth.Lucan, 100 guineas at Newmarket.Sir Harry, 400 guineas, and 50 guineas, at Newmarket, 235 guineas at Ascot, and the King's Plate at Winchester.Telegraph, 100 guineas, and 50l.at Newmarket, and 45 guineas at Bibury.
In the last year, 1802, sixteen of his get were the winners of 41 prizes; of whichAgonisteswon 1000 guineas at Newcastle.Attainment, 50l.at Newcastle, and 45l.at Nantwich.Duxbury, 250 guineas, and 100 guineas, at Newmarket.Haphazard, 50 guineas at Catterick, 250 guineas, and 268l.15s.at York, 92l.at Richmond, the Doncaster stakes of 10 guineas each (13 subscribers) with 20 guineas added by the Corporation of Doncaster, and the King's Plate of 100 guineas at Carlisle.Lancaster, 50l.at Middleham, 50l.at Manchester, 150 guineas at York, 50l.and 50 guineas at Preston.Lethe, 1000 guineas, and 50l.at York, 1000 guineas at Edinburgh, and 100l.at Montrose.Lucan, 50l.at Newmarket, 130 guineas at Bibury, 50l.at Oxford, 50l.at Bedford, and 50l.at Newmarket.Pipylin, 150 guineas at Newmarket, and 65l.15s.at Nottingham.Ransom, 50l.at Stamford, and 50l.at Canterbury.Robin Red-Breast, 100 guineas at Newmarket.Sir Simon, 50 guineas, and 25 guineas, at Goodwood: andWilkes, 50 guineas at Newmarket.
Thus the united blood ofHerod,Blank,Snap, andRegulus, are proved equal, if not superior, to every other junction or cross ever introduced.Sir Peter Teazleis now only nine years old, in high health, and just announced to cover the present season (1803) forty-five mares at Knowsley, near Prescot, Lancashire, atFIFTEEN GUINEASeach mare, and fifteen shillings the groom.