532
Wimmen welten weres mesterWomen wielded a man's art.—(See Rom. i. 26.)
Wimmen welten weres mester
Women wielded a man's art.—(See Rom. i. 26.)
See Allit. Poems, p. 46, ll. 269-272.
533
And swilc woded wenten on,And such madness (folly) went on.
And swilc woded wenten on,
And such madness (folly) went on.
woded=wodhed. Cf.alied=alihed= holiness (l.500, p. 15). "Þe oþer ontreuþe þet comþ of prede iswodhede, me halt ane manwodþet is out of his wytte, in huam skele is miswent."—(Ayenbite, p. 12.)
534
Golhed hunkinde he gunnen don,Unnatural lust they did commit.
Golhed hunkinde he gunnen don,
Unnatural lust they did commit.
Golnes= lust, lasciviousness, occurs in the Owl and Nightingale, l. 492. Ancren Riwle, p. 198. Ps. lxvii. 14.
"Non lest (listen) on man do amysThorÈ hys oÈenegale(lust)."—(Shoreham, p. 107.)
"Non lest (listen) on man do amys
ThorÈ hys oÈenegale(lust)."—(Shoreham, p. 107.)
hunkinde=unkinde, unlawful, unnatural.536quad mester, wicked craft (practices). See Allit. Poems, p. 46, ll. 265-268.Quadtakes several forms and meanings in O.E.; asqued, wicked (Kyng Alys., 5619; evil, 4237); the devil (R. of Gl., 314);quead, wickedness (Ayenbite, p. 4);quathe,wothe,wathe, evil, harm (Hampole's P. of C., 2102, 4558; Allit. Poems, B. 885).
"Dequâtdeit, de schuwet gêrn dat licht."—(Reynard the Fox.)
"Dequâtdeit, de schuwet gêrn dat licht."—(Reynard the Fox.)
537hun-wreste plage, wicked lust;hun-wreste=unwreste, weak, frail, and hence wicked.
"Mærlingvnwærste[onwreste] manWhu hæuest þu me þus idon."—(LaÈ. ii. 228.)
"Mærlingvnwærste[onwreste] man
Whu hæuest þu me þus idon."—(LaÈ. ii. 228.)
"Þenne þat hæfd (leader) isunwræst[onwrest]Þe hæp (host) is þæ wurse."—(Ibid.vol. ii. 259.)
"Þenne þat hæfd (leader) isunwræst[onwrest]
Þe hæp (host) is þæ wurse."—(Ibid.vol. ii. 259.)
"Thanne aÈte men here wyves love,Ase God doth holy cherche;And wyves nauÈt aÈens menNononwrestnessewerche,Ac tholye,And nauÈtonwrestopsechen hyNe tounge of hefede holye."—(Shoreham, p. 57.)
"Thanne aÈte men here wyves love,
Ase God doth holy cherche;
And wyves nauÈt aÈens men
Nononwrestnessewerche,
Ac tholye,
And nauÈtonwrestopsechen hy
Ne tounge of hefede holye."—(Shoreham, p. 57.)
See Orm. i. 168-9. A.Sax. Chron., 1052. Wright's Lyric Poems, 37. Kyng Alys., 878. Owl and Night., 178.538A ðefis kinde= in thief's kind, in sodomy.thiefin O.E. was a general term of reproach. Perhaps inðefiswe have an allusion toCain.
542
And leten godes frigti-hedAnd forsook the fear of God.
And leten godes frigti-hed
And forsook the fear of God.
544
And mengten wið waried kinAnd intermixed with accursed kin.
And mengten wið waried kin
And intermixed with accursed kin.
545
Of hem woren ðe getenes borenOf them were the giants born.—(See Genesis vi. 4.)
Of hem woren ðe getenes boren
Of them were the giants born.
—(See Genesis vi. 4.)
546
Migti men, and figti, for-loren=Migti men, figti and forloren,Mighty men, warlike and forlorn (doomed).
Migti men, and figti, for-loren
=Migti men, figti and forloren,
Mighty men, warlike and forlorn (doomed).
548litel tale, little account (worth).553blissen=lessen=be-lessen(?) orbi+leschen, to soften. Cf.blinnenandlinnen= to cease. See ll.3653,3803.
554
ðat it ne wexe at more hun-framelest it should grow to greater evil.
ðat it ne wexe at more hun-frame
lest it should grow to greater evil.
hun-frame=unframe, loss, disadvantage.556deres kin= animals.
P. 17. l.560grið, protection, safety.
"he wuneden (dwelt) seoððen (afterwards) hereinnegriðeand inne friðe (peace)."—(LaÈ. ii. 50.)
"he wuneden (dwelt) seoððen (afterwards) here
innegriðeand inne friðe (peace)."—(LaÈ. ii. 50.)
"Lauerd, lauerd, Èef (give) megrið."—(Ibid. iii. 35.)
"Lauerd, lauerd, Èef (give) megrið."—(Ibid. iii. 35.)
Cf.greth, quarter (Sir Cleges, 292).grith-bruch, breach of the peace (Owl and Nightingale, 1043).grith-sergeant(Havelok, 267).561feteles, a vessel, afatorvat.
"þe firrstefetlesswassBrerdfull off waterr filledd."—(Orm. ii. 148.)
"þe firrstefetlesswass
Brerdfull off waterr filledd."—(Orm. ii. 148.)
"Sexfetelesof stan war thar stan[d]and,Als than was cumand in the landAnd Crist bad thaim thirfetelesfilleWit water, and thai did son his wille."—(Met. Hom. p. 120.)
"Sexfetelesof stan war thar stan[d]and,
Als than was cumand in the land
And Crist bad thaim thirfetelesfille
Wit water, and thai did son his wille."
—(Met. Hom. p. 120.)
562set, made, formed.limed, daubed, pitched.564sperd,sparred, barred. See Orm. D. 261; H. i. 142, ii. 68; Havelok, 448.spereorsparresignifies also to lock, shut up.Chaucer, Troilus and Creseide, v. 455;Bone Florence, 1774.ðig=ðic, thick.
566
ðor buten noe(.) long swing he dreg.Thereabout Noah endured long toil.
ðor buten noe(.) long swing he dreg.
Thereabout Noah endured long toil.
swing=swinc, toil, labour.568welken, pass away, literally to fade, wither; and usually applied to plants and flowers.
"It wites als gresse areli at dai,Areli blomes and fares awai;At euen doun es it brogt,Un-lastes, andwelkes, and gas to noght."—(Ps. lxxxix. 6.)
"It wites als gresse areli at dai,
Areli blomes and fares awai;
At euen doun es it brogt,
Un-lastes, andwelkes, and gas to noght."—(Ps. lxxxix. 6.)
See Hampole's P. of C. l. 707.576arche-wold. Seenoteto l. 255.582getteorget, poured down.getteis the preterite ofgetenorgete. See l.585. Cf. O.E.yhete(Èete); pret.yhet; p.p.yhoten(iÈote).
"Yhetover þam þi wreth."—(Ps. lxviii. 25.)
"Yhetover þam þi wreth."—(Ps. lxviii. 25.)
See Ps. xli. 5, lxxiii. 21. Percy's Reliq. vol. ii. 81. Cf. "a metalgeoter," a metal caster, Kyng Alys. 6725.out-yhetted, poured out, Hampole's P. of C. 7119. See Gloss. to Allit. Poems, s.v.Gote.592moned=moneð= month.
P. 18. l.598dragenby metrical license forwið-dragen, withdrawn.ðe watres win= the water's force (strife).Winnein O.E. has the signification of to fight, contend with, strive, and hence to get. Cf. O.E.wunne, victory;wan, contrivance, remedy. See l.347.
"Alle we atter dragen off ure eldere,ðe broken drigtinnes word ðurg ðe neddre;ðer-ðurg haueð mankinboðen nið andwin."—(O.E. Miscell. p. 11.)
"Alle we atter dragen off ure eldere,
ðe broken drigtinnes word ðurg ðe neddre;
ðer-ðurg haueð mankin
boðen nið andwin."—(O.E. Miscell. p. 11.)
607est= east. Probably only an error foreft= again.614arche-wolde. Seenoteto l. 255.617Rad= hasty, rash. Literally it signifies ready, and frequently occurs in O.E. writers with this meaning. Cf. O.E.gerâd,rædlîce,rædliche,radely,radly, promptly, quickly, suddenly.See l.2481, and Owl and Nightingale, ll. 423, 1041, 1279; LaÈ. 25603; St Marh. p. 10; Avow. Arth. xix. 6.
P. 19. l.630tudered(seenoteto l. 164).
631-637
Often he prayed with timid prayer,That such vengeance as God then didShould no more on the world come,What vengeance soeverthere should be taken.God granted it in token of love,Showed him in the welkin aboveA rainbow, they call it, red and blue.
Often he prayed with timid prayer,
That such vengeance as God then did
Should no more on the world come,
What vengeance soeverthere should be taken.
God granted it in token of love,
Showed him in the welkin above
A rainbow, they call it, red and blue.
soafterswiulcis a true relative, as in the oldest period.
635gat= granted. It is the preterite of a verbgate, to grant.
"Fourti dais he sal [tham]yateÞat fallen ar ute o þair stateÞoru foluing o þat fals prophet,Þat þai mai þam wit penance bete."—(Antichrist, in Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur,1863, p. 204, l. 428.)
"Fourti dais he sal [tham]yate
Þat fallen ar ute o þair state
Þoru foluing o þat fals prophet,
Þat þai mai þam wit penance bete."
—(Antichrist, in Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur,
1863, p. 204, l. 428.)
gateoryate, pret.yatte, is the Northern form of the word, the corresponding southern term isÈete, pret.Èette.
"& Èho ne wass nohht tær onnÈæn,AccÈattehemm hÄ•re wille&Èatteþatt Èho wollde benRihht laÈhelike fesstneddWiþþ macche, swa summ i þat aldWass laÈhe to ben fesstnedd."—(Orm. i. 80.)
"& Èho ne wass nohht tær onnÈæn,
AccÈattehemm hÄ•re wille
&Èatteþatt Èho wollde ben
Rihht laÈhelike fesstnedd
Wiþþ macche, swa summ i þat ald
Wass laÈhe to ben fesstnedd."—(Orm. i. 80.)
"& þe king himÈetteswa Hengist hit wolde."—(LaÈ. ii. 172.)
"& þe king himÈette
swa Hengist hit wolde."—(LaÈ. ii. 172.)
"& þe king himÈetteal þat he Èirnde."—(LaÈ. i. 189.)
"& þe king himÈette
al þat he Èirnde."—(LaÈ. i. 189.)
See Seinte Marherete, p. 18. Allit. Poems, p. 17, l. 557.a=an= in.637men cleped= one calleth it;cleped=clepet=clepe+et;et= it. We have a similar construction in l.1082:
"for al ðat nigt he sogten ðorðe dure, andfundendneuere mor."
"for al ðat nigt he sogten ðor
ðe dure, andfundendneuere mor."
fundend=funden+ed=founden+et= found it. The author of the poem constantly joins the pronounet=itto the preterite of weak verbs. See line479, whereletet= let it.590stodet=stod it= it stood.1654kiddit=kidd it= showed it. As the plurals of the present indicative do not end in-eþor-etin the poem, but in-en(-n),clepedmay be an error forclepeðorclepeth= calls, andmen= O.E.me= one. See line750.
643-644
And as high the flame shall go,As the flood flowed on the downs (hill).
And as high the flame shall go,
As the flood flowed on the downs (hill).
lowe, a northern term (of Norse origin) for flame, the southern form (of A.Sax. origin) isleie. Religious Songs in Old Eng. Miscell., pp. 67, 182.
"Of his neose-þurlescumeð þe redeleie."
"Of his neose-þurles
cumeð þe redeleie."
See also Legend of St Brandan, 512.
"Þair throtes sal ay be filled omangOf alle thyng þat es bitter and strang,Ofloweand reke with stormes melled,Of pyk and brunstane togyder welled."—(Hampole's P. of. C., l. 9431.)
"Þair throtes sal ay be filled omang
Of alle thyng þat es bitter and strang,
Ofloweand reke with stormes melled,
Of pyk and brunstane togyder welled."
—(Hampole's P. of. C., l. 9431.)
653vten=wið-vten, without, besides. See l.656. Cf. l.596, with l.598.655bi tale, in number.
P. 20. l.676gan ille wune, began wicked practices.678muni[gin]g= remembrance.692fendes fleiðing, fiends' strife. Probablyfleiðing=flitting, contention, strife. The phrasefendes fleathe= ?fendes fleiðing, occurs in Shoreham's poems, p. 97.
"Èyf thou rewardest thyne eldrynges nauÈtA-lyve and eke a-dethe,That were wel besy to brynge the forthe,. . . . . . . .Èyf thou hy gnaÈst and flagÈst eke,RyÈt hys thatfendes fleathe."
"Èyf thou rewardest thyne eldrynges nauÈt
A-lyve and eke a-dethe,
That were wel besy to brynge the forthe,
. . . . . . . .
Èyf thou hy gnaÈst and flagÈst eke,
RyÈt hys thatfendes fleathe."
P. 21. l.713hicte=higte, was called, named.724wol wel=wel wel= very well, extremely well. Cf. the O.E. expressionswel ald,wel lang, etc., very old, very long, etc.;wol welcorresponds exactly to the O.H.G. and M.H.G.vil wol; Mod. Ger.sehr wohl. See Erec. (ed. Haupt. 1839), 2017.
725
Thare let hur, and ðeðen he nam,Terah left Ur, and thence he went.
Thare let hur, and ðeðen he nam,
Terah left Ur, and thence he went.
let(pret. oflete) = left;nam, literally took, and hence took the way, departed, went. See ll.744,745.727burgt, an error forburg.
P. 22. l.743for, went. See l.763.
748
Of weledes fulsum and of blisRich of (in) wealth and of (in) bliss.
Of weledes fulsum and of blisRich of (in) wealth and of (in) bliss.
weledesis an error forwelðes; it may =werldes= world's;fulsum= rich, plenteous, bountiful, occurs in O.E.fulsumhed(see l.1548),fulsumly.
749ist=is it, is there.
751
Each thing dieth that therein is cast.
Each thing dieth that therein is cast.
753ðus it is went= thus is it turnedorchanged.754brimfir, if not an error forbrin-fire(burning fire; see l.1164), signifies wild-fire,i.e.brimstone. Cf. A.Sax.cwic-fyr= fire of brimstone.763hunger bond. We ought, perhaps, to readhunger-bond, corresponding to the Germanhungersnoth, famine, dearth. Cf. luue-bond, l.2692, force of love.764feger=feyer, far.767to leten= to lose.
P. 23. l.787erdne=ernde, errand, prayer, petition, message.
"Ih scal iu sagen imbot,gibot ther himilisgo Got,Ouh nist ther er gihortiso fronsigarunti."—(Otfried's Evangelienbuch.)
"Ih scal iu sagen imbot,
gibot ther himilisgo Got,
Ouh nist ther er gihorti
so fronsigarunti."—(Otfried's Evangelienbuch.)
to god erdne beren= to intercede with God.Erndeoccurs in Lyric Poetry, p. 62, in the sense of to intercede.792arsmetike=arsmet[r]ike= arithmetic.
793
He was hem lef, he woren him hold,He was dear to them, they were true to him.
He was hem lef, he woren him hold,
He was dear to them, they were true to him.
795sat=schat, treasure, still existing inscot,shot.796vn-achteled, unestimated, immense; fromachtel, to estimate, reckon. See Stratmann, s.v.ahtlien.
801
ðor he quilum her wisten wunen,Where they formerly wished to dwell.
ðor he quilum her wisten wunen,
Where they formerly wished to dwell.
P. 24. l.813atteð=hatteð, is called.
827
ðer het god abre ðat tagte lond, etc.There God promised Abraham that promised land, etc.
ðer het god abre ðat tagte lond, etc.
There God promised Abraham that promised land, etc.
tagte=bitagte, literally, assigned, appointed.832giscinge of louerd-hed= desire of lordship, greed of dominion.Giscinge= covetousness; the correct form isgitsing(Èitsung,Èittsung), butÈissingeis found in LaÈ. ii. 227. Cp.yssing, O.E. Miscell. p. 38.icinge, Ayenbite, p. 16, and see Orm. i. 157.
"Al his motinge (talk)was ful ofÈitsinge."—(LaÈ. i. 280.)
"Al his motinge (talk)
was ful ofÈitsinge."—(LaÈ. i. 280.)
833
Neg ilc burge hadde ise louereding,Nigh each borough (city) had its lord.
Neg ilc burge hadde ise louereding,
Nigh each borough (city) had its lord.
834kumelingis literally a stranger, foreigner, but here signifies a king or ruler not of native blood, one of foreign extraction. SeeComelingin Prompt. Parv. p. 89.
"For I am acommelyngtoward þeAnd pilgrym, als alle my faders was."—(Hampole's P. of C., 1385.)
"For I am acommelyngtoward þe
And pilgrym, als alle my faders was."
—(Hampole's P. of C., 1385.)
"Wande einchomelinchih bin mit dir unde ellente also alle uatere mine."—(Wendb. Ps. xxxviii. 22.)
P. 25. l.842ferding stor, a great army. See O.E. Hom. 2nd S. p. 189.
844gouel, tribute, tax. Later writers use the wordgauelorgouelin the sense of usury. See Ayenbite, p. 35; O.E. Miscell. p. 46. Cf.gaueler, usurer. Ayenbite, p. 35; Ps. cviii. 11.847haued=haueð, hath.848here-gonge, invasion.
"For ich am witi ful iwis,And wot (knoweth) al that to cumen is:Ich wot of hunger [and] ofhergonge."—(Owl and Nightingale, l. 1189.)
"For ich am witi ful iwis,
And wot (knoweth) al that to cumen is:
Ich wot of hunger [and] ofhergonge."
—(Owl and Nightingale, l. 1189.)
851fowre on-seken and fifue weren= four attack and five defend.on-seken= attack.
"heo wenden to beon sikere. They weened to be secureþeo Belin heomon-sohte." when Belin attacked them.—(LaÈ. i. 241.)
"heo wenden to beon sikere. They weened to be secure
þeo Belin heomon-sohte." when Belin attacked them.
—(LaÈ. i. 241.)
864witter of figt= skilled in fighting. See Gloss. to Allit. Poems, s.v.wyter, and LaÈ. i. 260, 409; ii. 247.
866
Abram let him tunde wel,Abram caused himself to be well surrounded (well guarded).
Abram let him tunde wel,
Abram caused himself to be well surrounded (well guarded).
869wenden, thought.
875
wið-ðuten [= wiðð-uten] ðo ðe cuden flen= except those who could flee.
wið-ðuten [= wiðð-uten] ðo ðe cuden flen
= except those who could flee.
P. 26. l.882bat=bad=bead= literally offered, and hence restored.bat=betteoccurs in Legends of Holy Rood foramended, restored, p. 210, l. 6.886Borwen, delivered, rescued, the p.p. ofbergen(O.E.berÈe,berwen).
"Þis boc is ymad vor lewede menvor vader and vor moder and vor oþer kenHam vor toberÈevram alle manyere zenþet in hare inwytte ne bleve no voul wen."—(Ayenbite, p. 211.)
"Þis boc is ymad vor lewede men
vor vader and vor moder and vor oþer ken
Ham vor toberÈevram alle manyere zen
þet in hare inwytte ne bleve no voul wen."
—(Ayenbite, p. 211.)
"And huo þat agelt ine enie of þe ilke hestes him ssel þer-of vor-þench, and him ssrive, and bidde God merci yef he wyle byyborÈe."—(Ibid. p. 1.) Orm usesberrÈhenn, to save, preserve, from which he forms the derivativeberrhless, salvation.888feres wale, brave companions (allies).Walesignifies select, choice, worthy, and hence brave. See Gloss. to Allit. Poems, s.v.Wale.
893
He froðer[ed]e him after is swinc.He comforted him after his toil.
He froðer[ed]e him after is swinc.
He comforted him after his toil.
Herbert Coleridge (Gloss. Index, p. 33) connectsfroðerewith the A.Sax.frofrian, to comfort. Of course there is nothing to be said against the interchange offandth(cf.afurst, thirsty;afyngred, hungry, etc.); but the A.S.freoðian, to protect, render secure, is nearer in form, and there is the O.E.vreþie(Ayenbite) to prove that this verb had not gone out of use.895ðe tigðe del= the tenth part.tigðe=tithe= tenth.898bargt=barg(the pret. ofbergen) preserved.910wið-uten man= except the men. The rhyme seems to require us to readnam; the meaning would then be "without exceptionorreserve."
911
Alle hes hadde wið migte bi-geten.He had them all with might begotten (obtained).
Alle hes hadde wið migte bi-geten.
He had them all with might begotten (obtained).
hes=he+es= he + them. The combinationhesoccurs again in l.943.esoris= them, as in l.949. SeeNoteto l. 135, and Preface to O.E. Miscell. p. xv, and O.E. Hom. 2nd S. p. xii.
P. 27. l.913meðelike wel, with great moderation, very meetly. Cf.unmeaðelichein Seinte Marherete, p. 10.meðelichein O.E. Hom. 2nd S. p. 7.meðleas, Ancren Riwle, p. 96.918algen=halgen= hallow.920bi-told(rescued) should be the pret. of a vb.bitellen, but no such word occurs in the poem. See O.E. Hom. 1st S. p. 205. Owl and Night. l. 263. LaÈamon usesbi-tellen, to win.
"Ac wih him we scullen ure freoscipe (freedom)mid fehtebitellen."—(Vol. i. p. 328.)
"Ac wih him we scullen ure freoscipe (freedom)
mid fehtebitellen."—(Vol. i. p. 328.)
"Bi-ðencheð eow ohte (bold) cnihtestobi-telleneoweore rihtes."—(i. 337.)
"Bi-ðencheð eow ohte (bold) cnihtes
tobi-telleneoweore rihtes."—(i. 337.)
The editor explainsbitellenby towin, butregainwould suit the context.
"Nu þu hauest Brutlond,Albi-taldto þire hond."—(Vol. ii. p. 335.)
"Nu þu hauest Brutlond,
Albi-taldto þire hond."—(Vol. ii. p. 335.)
"Nu ich mi lond habbenbi-tald."—(Vol. iii. p. 258.)
"Nu ich mi lond habbenbi-tald."—(Vol. iii. p. 258.)
924
Quo-so his alt him bi-agt= Whoso them (goods) holdeth, him it behoveth (yield as tithes).
Quo-so his alt him bi-agt
= Whoso them (goods) holdeth, him it behoveth (yield as tithes).
His=is=es, them.927gulden wel, requited well.
934
Of ðe-self sal ðin erward ten,Of thyself shall thine heir come.
Of ðe-self sal ðin erward ten,
Of thyself shall thine heir come.
erward=eruweard, heir.939nam god kep= took good heed to, attended carefully to.kep= care. See R. of Gl. 177, 191. Owl and Night. l. 1226. Hampole's P. of C. ll. 381, 597. 941Euerilc, each, every one.euerilcis the same as the O.E.euerich, Mod. Eng.every.
943
Vndelt hes leide quor-so hes tok,Undivided he laid them where-so he took (brought) them.
Vndelt hes leide quor-so hes tok,
Undivided he laid them where-so he took (brought) them.
This line refers to the "duue and a turtul," in the following line. See Genesis xv. 10.945on-rumthe same asa-rum, apart, aside.
"Tho Alisaundre sygh this,Aroumanon he drow, ywis,And suththe he renneth to his muthe (army)."—(Kyng Alys., 1637.)
"Tho Alisaundre sygh this,
Aroumanon he drow, ywis,
And suththe he renneth to his muthe (army)."
—(Kyng Alys., 1637.)
946
And of ðo doles kep he nam.And of the pieces care he took.
And of ðo doles kep he nam.
And of the pieces care he took.
P. 28. l.949kagte is wei, drove them away.kagteis the pret. ofkache, to drive.
"And he ansuered als he war medde,And said, Allas and wailewaye.That ever I com at yon abbaye,For in na chaffar may I winneOf tha lurdanes that won tharinneFor likes nan of thaim my play,Bot alle tharkacheme away."—(Met. Hom. p. 151.)
"And he ansuered als he war medde,
And said, Allas and wailewaye.
That ever I com at yon abbaye,
For in na chaffar may I winne
Of tha lurdanes that won tharinne
For likes nan of thaim my play,
Bot alle tharkacheme away."—(Met. Hom. p. 151.)
953-954 God said to him in true dream, thefuturecondition of his seed.beren-tem=barn-teem, offspring, descendants.
"We are alle a (one) manbarn-teme."—(Cursor Mundi, fol. 27b.)
"We are alle a (one) manbarn-teme."—(Cursor Mundi, fol. 27b.)
956
And uten erdes sorge sen.And in foreign lands sorrow see (experience).
And uten erdes sorge sen.
And in foreign lands sorrow see (experience).
Cp.
"Outensones to me lighed þai,Outensones elded er þai."—(Ps. xvii. 46.)"Filii alieni mentiti sunt mihi, filii alieni inveteraverunt."
"Outensones to me lighed þai,
Outensones elded er þai."—(Ps. xvii. 46.)
"Filii alieni mentiti sunt mihi, filii alieni inveteraverunt."
Cf.uten stede, l.1741. O.E.utenlande, a foreigner. Havelok, l. 2153.958Hor=or, before.960ðat hotene lond, that promised land.964untuderi, barren. The usual O.E. term isunberand, unbearing. See O.E. Hom. 2nd S. p. 177.965abre= to Abram.969-971 And Sarai would not suffer it, that Hagar were thus swollen (with pride). She held her hard in thrall's wise (treated her as a slave).974one and sori, solitary and sad.975wil and weri, lonely and weary.Williterally signifies astray,wild, from the verbwille, to go astray. See Gloss. to Allit. Poems, s.v.Wyl.
"He is hirde, we ben sep;Silden he us wille,If we heren to his wordðat we ne gon noworwille."—(O.E. Miscell. p. 2.)
"He is hirde, we ben sep;
Silden he us wille,
If we heren to his word
ðat we ne gon noworwille."—(O.E. Miscell. p. 2.)
"And child Jesuswilledthem fra."—(Met. Hom. p. 108.)
"And child Jesuswilledthem fra."—(Met. Hom. p. 108.)
977
wiste hire drogen sori for ðrist.Knew her to be suffering sorely for thirst.
wiste hire drogen sori for ðrist.
Knew her to be suffering sorely for thirst.
drogenmay be an error fordrogende= suffering.sorias an adjective is not sorrowful, as most editors interpret the word, but heavy, painful, and hence anxious, etc. See l.974.
"Quen thai him (Jesus) missed, thai him sohtImang thair kith and fand him noht,And forthi Joseph and MariWar for him sorful andsari."—(Met. Hom. 108.)
"Quen thai him (Jesus) missed, thai him soht
Imang thair kith and fand him noht,
And forthi Joseph and Mari
War for him sorful andsari."—(Met. Hom. 108.)
978quemede hire list, satisfied her desire.
P. 29. l.984folc frigti, formidable folk,frigtidoes not here signify, as in other parts of the poem,afraid, butto be feared.991in sunder run, secret speech or secret communing, private conversation. See O.E. Hom. 2nd S. p. 29.1010ðe ton= the one.ton= that one the first;toðer= that other, the second.
P. 30. l.1019quamede=quemede, pleased.
1021-1024
Quoth this one, "this time next year,Shall I appear to thee here;By that time shall bliss befall Sarah,That she shall of a son conceive."
Quoth this one, "this time next year,
Shall I appear to thee here;
By that time shall bliss befall Sarah,
That she shall of a son conceive."
1026
And it hire ðogte a selli ðhing,And it appeared to her a marvellous thing.
And it hire ðogte a selli ðhing,
And it appeared to her a marvellous thing.
1028on wane, wanting one,i.e.one less. "In þis burh was wuniende a meiden swiðe Èung of Èeres,two woneof twenti."—(St. Kath. 69.)
1032
And it wurð soð binnen swilc sel,And it became so (came to pass) within such time.
And it wurð soð binnen swilc sel,
And it became so (came to pass) within such time.
1035stelen= go away stealthily or secretly.
1036
Ne min dede abraham helen, Nor my deed from Abraham hide.
Ne min dede abraham helen, Nor my deed from Abraham hide.
1037sinne dwale= complaint of sin (see l.1220);dwalemay be taken as an adj. = grievous, mischievous.1038miries dale, an error formirie dale= pleasant dale. See l.1121.
1039-40
ðo adde abram-is herte sor,for loth his newe wunede ðor,Then had Abraham's heart grief,For Lot, his nephew, dwelt there.
ðo adde abram-is herte sor,
for loth his newe wunede ðor,
Then had Abraham's heart grief,
For Lot, his nephew, dwelt there.
1041-4 "Lord," quoth he, "how shalt thou do (this), if thou shalt take vengeance thereon; shalt thou not the righteous protect (spare), or for them (for their sake) to the others mercy bear (show)?"með beren= to bear mercy, to show mercy to. See ll.1046,1242.
1046
Ic sal meðen ðe stede for ðo,I shall have mercy upon the place for those (for their sake).
Ic sal meðen ðe stede for ðo,
I shall have mercy upon the place for those (for their sake).
Meðensignifies to use gently, act with moderation towards any one, to compassionate, to show mercy to. (See Allit. Poems, p. 45, l. 247; p. 51, l. 436; p. 54, l. 565; O.E. Hom. 2nd S. p. 153.)1049at-wot, departed. There is no such verb asæt-wÃtan, to depart, in Bosworth's A.Sax. Dict. The only meaning given toatwitenby Stratmann is to reproach, twit.At-wotmay be a blunder forat-wond, departed. See l.3058. LaÈ. l. 87. We have the O.E.at-flegen,at-gon,at-scape, etc. The simple verbwiteis not uncommon in Early English authors.
"The first dai sal al the seBoln and ris, and heyer beThan ani fel of al the land,. . . . . . . . .And als mikel the tother daySal it sattel andwitaway."—(Met. Hom., p. 25.)
"The first dai sal al the se
Boln and ris, and heyer be
Than ani fel of al the land,
. . . . . . . . .
And als mikel the tother day
Sal it sattel andwitaway."—(Met. Hom., p. 25.)