PAGEAcademy, gardens of142Achæan League268-270Achæans exiled to Rome281Achilles, avenges Patroclus50betrays himself46death of51in the Styx45prophecy regarding44Acropolis, captured88,96Parthenon on149statue of Athene on115temple to Theseus, near28,143Adrastus37-40Ægean Sea, derivation of name27Persian vessels forbidden to enter147Ægeus27Ægina, Draco at Island of88Æneas, escape of53Ætolian League268,273Agamemnon, insults priest of Apollo48King of Mycenæ44Age of Pericles146Agesilaus, at Coronea189courage of185,199Agis, condemned to death275type of old Spartans271Alcibiades, anecdotes of161,163,164hostility toward166killed by Persians171shield of162Alexander I197-199Alexander the Great, birthplace of227crosses Libyan desert245cuts Gordian knot238death of236,253enters Jerusalem244generosity of248horsemanship of229,231marriage of252omens concerning227prophecy of256self-denial of251takes title of "Shah in Shah"249tomb of255victory of237,246visit of, to Diogenes235Alexandria, founded244Lighthouse of264Ambassador, life of, sacred111,120Amphictyonic Council20,217,224Anaxagoras, philosopher151,152Antalcidas, treaty of190Antigone36,40Antigonus Doson275Antigonus Gonatas269Antigonus, "the one-eyed"262Antipater, governor of Macedon256,258,260Apollosends plague48statue in honor of264Appetite, recipe for good238Aratus, leader of Achæan League269poisoning of277Arbela, battle at246Archon, how elected87origin of title of57Areopagus, court of law91Pisistratus before the95Aristides, anecdote of118burial of141discovers plans of Xerxes133recall of124Aristocrat, derivation of95Aristodemus, daughter sacrificed by72first ruler of Sparta61Aristogiton99,102Aristomenes73-77Aristophanes173-175Aristotle, teacher of Alexander231Arridæus256,261Artaxerxes, befriends Themistocles140oath of147sends for Hippocrates155treachery of181Aspasia152Aster, an archer220Athene, festival in honor of26statue of115,149,247temple to88,101,136,149,271tree planted by90,137Athenians, at Marathon113-115bribery of189build statues102,179defeat Spartans56extravagance of141heroes among113,114ingratitude of117,119last of the261thirty-years' peace of148Athens, art in149becomes an oligarchy87burning of132called Cecropia16chains of Xerxes in137Olympic games at in, 189680plague in155purification of90rebuilt137title of king in56voting in91,103Athos, Mount110,124,126Babylon, city of246Hanging Gardens of264Bessus, treachery of248Brennus, leader of Gauls267Bucephalus, meaning of229monument to250Bulis, self-sacrifice of120Cadmus17,191Canal dug by Xerxes124Cassander260-263Cassandra42Ceadas, pit of75Cecropia. SeeAthens.Cecrops founds Athens16Chæronea, battle at225Charilaus educated by Lycurgus62Charon, babe of, as pledge193Chilo dies of joy86Chilonis, self-sacrifice of273Chios, Island of60Cimon, banishment of146death of147generosity of143son of Miltiades117Cleombrotus195,273Cleomenes275,276Cleopatra, last of the Ptolemies265Clytus228,237,249Codrus, heroic death of56Coinage of money24Colchis, Golden Fleece in25Colossus of Rhodes264Comedy of "The Clouds"174,175Corinth, city of280,281Isthmus of17,131Coronea148,189Crete, location of22Criminals, punishment of176self-defense of91Crito177,179Crœsus, ruler of Lydia253Croton, Greek colony81,166Cunaxa, battle at180Cyclops, meaning of14Cydnus, Alexander bathes in240Cylon88Cyrus, death of180Dædalus invents sails22Damocles' sword209Damon204-208Danaus teaches shipbuilding17Darius, army of, routed113audience chamber of106death of119,248offers peace to Alexander247resolves to conquer Greece108,117second army of110"The Great King"104Decelea, fortification of168Delos, Island of177,179Delphi, temple at, rebuilding of101robbed224saved by thunderstorm130,267Demeter, festival of17,191Demetrius, generosity of266imprisonment of267"The Preserver"263Democedes, court physician107Democrat, derivation of95Demosthenes, cowardice of226joy of, at death of Philip233orator221-223takes poison259Deucalion19,20Diana, goddess47temple of65,227,237,264Diocles, traitor269Diogenes234,235Dion210-215Dionysius the Elder202-210Dionysius the Younger210-216Dionysus, festival and theater of92-94Draco, cruel lawmaker87,88,91"Earth and water," demand for110Ecbatana, a walled city104Egyptians, civilization of12Epaminondas, as commander196dying words of201risks own life for Pelopidas191Ephesus, founded56taken by Alexander237temple at227,264Ephialtes, perfidy of128Epimenides, long sleep of90Erostratus wins immortality228Eteocles quarrels with Polynices37-39Eurybiades, Spartan king132-134Flood of Ogyges15Furies, duty of36Galatia, how named267Golden Fleece, search for25Gordian knot, cutting the240Gordium238Granicus, battle near237Great Greece54Great King, The (see alsoDarius)104Greece, alphabet brought to17Egyptians settle in13freedom of281known as Achaia282punishment of criminals in176situation of11Greeks, at Thermopylæ127,128betrayal of181commercial journey by26geographical knowledge of251gods angry with54last of the280retreat of182-184statue judged by83Troy taken by53truce of51victory of, at Salamis134Hanging Gardens of Babylon264Harmodius, kills Hipparchus99statue in honor of102Hector, falls by hand of Achilles50kills Patroclus50sung by Homer60Hecuba, dream of41Helen runs away with Paris43Helios. SeeApollo.Hellas, how named (see alsoGreece)21Hellen, second son of Deucalion20Hellespont, a narrow strait109bridging the121Helots, Spartan slaves61strike for freedom145temperance taught by68Hephæstion, drinks himself to death252friend of Alexander236mistaken for Alexander241Heracles. SeeHercules.Heraclidæ, banishment of28regain possessions55Heraclides, treachery of214Hercules, birthplace of28festival instituted by78games in honor of38Hermes, destruction of statues of166Heroic Age25,57Hipparchus98,99Hippias, Athenian ruler98capture of102Darius' generals guided by111killed113seeks aid from Darius105Hippocrates drives out plague156Homer, birthplace of60blindness of57poems of, collected97rank of, as poet58,60Hot Gateway20,125Hymettus, honey of17Hyphasis River251Icarian Sea, how named24Icarus flies too high24Ilium. SeeTroy.Immortals, bodyguard of Xerxes122gain Pass of Thermopylæ129Inachus teaches Pelasgians13Ionia, derivation of name21location of56,104Iphigenia rescued by Diana47Ipsus, battle of265Ismene dies of grief40Issus, Persians routed at241Isthmian games280Ithome, fortified city72,73Jaddua, vision of244Jason commands the "Argo"25Jocasta, kills herself35Queen of Thebes29Jove, thunderbolts of162Jupiter, festival and statue of78,79temple to245See alsoZeus.Labyrinth of Crete22,27,264Lacedæmon, how named61Laconia, adjective from66clemency shown to197location of61Laius, killed by Œdipus31words of oracle to29Lamia, fortress of258"Last of the Athenians"261"Last of the Greeks"280Leæna, courage of100honor to103Leonidas I., betrayal of129guards Thermopylæ125reply of, to Xerxes127Leonidas II.270-275Leuctra, Theban victory at196Libya, temple at245Long Walls, building of147destruction of170rebuilding of172Lyceum, laying out of96Lycurgus, in Spartan history61iron money originated by70laws of62-70Macedon, location of217Mantinea, Theban victory at199Marathon, battle of113-115situation of111Mardonius, flight of134Mausolus, Tomb of264Mediterranean Sea, islands in13stretch of11Megacles, crime of89,101Megalopolis, tomb in280Menelaus42,43Messenia71,280Messenians, bribed by Romans280thrown into Ceadas75war against Spartans145Messina, city and colony of77,166Lighthouse of264Midas, cart of238Miletus56,137Milo the athlete81,82Miltiades, at Marathon112conviction and death of117Minerva. SeeAthene.Mirage245Money, coining of24institution of iron70Morea, why so called55Nabis, tyrant278Navigation taught17Nearchus, exploration of251Nemean lion38Nemesis, statue of116Neptune. SeePoseidon.Nestor the wise man44Œdipus, answers Sphinx's riddle34attempted murder of29death of36fulfillment of prophecy concerning31,34puts out his own eyes35Ogyges, flood of15Olympia, temple at78Olympiad as measurement of time80Olympias227,261Olympic games, bearing arms during126excitement at86girls in84renewal of80time reckoned by80Ostracize, derivation of104Panathenæa, festival of26Paris, bringing up of42Paros, Island of116Parthenon149,264Patroclus, armor of Achilles on49killed by Hector50sung by Homer60Pausanias, patriotism of mother of139successor of Leonidas134walled in139Pelasgians, homes and habits of12remains of, in old tombs18skill of, in building14spinning and weaving by16Pelopidæ conquer Heraclidæ28Pelopidas, exiled Theban191returns in disguise193slain in battle199Peloponnesian War, end of170length of153Peloponnesus, derivation of name24Dorians settle in55key of the270laid waste154present name of55Pelops teaches coinage of money24Perdiccas, against Ptolemy260receives Alexander's ring253Pericles, death of156,157eloquence of154idol of the poor144improvement of Athens by149leader of the Athenians146Persepolis, burning of248Perseus builds Mycenæ17Persian army, route of, to Greece109Persian fleet, destruction of110retreat of115Persian vessels shut out of the Ægean147Phalanx, Macedonian218,250Pharnabazus186-188Pharos264Phidias, death of149Parthenon decorated by149,264statues by79,116,149Philip of Macedon, ambition of217,220,226at Chæronea226early training of217formation of Macedonian phalanx by218gift from, to Demosthenes222left eye of, put out220murder of226president of Amphictyonic Council225wealth of218Philippic, origin of221Philopœmon, anecdote of279"Last of the Greeks"280Philoxenus, a philosopher202-204Phocion, caution of257"Last of the Athenians"261Phœnicians, home of13Pindar, house of233Pisistratidæ, expulsion of102Pisistratus, death of98hypocrisy of95improvement of Athens by96Platæa134,136Plato, Olympic crown given to212pupil of Socrates159words of Socrates preserved by177,179Poliorcetes, "the city taker"263Polynices37-39Porus, Indian king250Poseidon52,280Priam, begs Hector's body51desertion of Paris by41sung by Homer60Prisoners of war as slaves48,61Ptolemy, builds tomb for Alexander255conquered by Demetrius263Pyramids of Egypt12,264Pyrrha19,20Pythias204-208Quarries, The203Retreat of the Ten Thousand185Rome, Achæans exiled to281art in282power of270,277Roxana, imprisonment of261wife of Alexander252Sacred Battalion195,226Sacred War224Salamis, victory at134,170Sardis, burning of109taken by Alexander237Seleucia265Seleucus262,265,267Scyros, Island of, Achilles at46Theseus killed at28,143Shipbuilding taught17Sicyon joins Achæan League269Sisygambis, love of, for Alexander242,255Slaves, prisoners of war as48,61Socrates, accusation against175belief and practice of158,176death of179defense of176greatest philosopher of the world171last conversation of177-179life of Alcibiades saved by162statue of179Solon, laws of91,103,170play acting disapproved by93return of, to Athens97Sophocles94Sparta, earthquake at144location of42rebuilding of146rulers of55two kings of61Spartan, an expression of courage66Spartan babes, fate of63Spartan boys, education of63-66example of bravery of65fidelity instilled in67test of courage of65trained to steal65Spartan girls, carried off by Messenians71education of63,69Spartan mother, admonition of68Spartans, ask aid of Athenians74at Pass of Thermopylæ129attack Amphea71covet Messenia71degeneracy of172,270force way into Thebes190freed from Achæan League277habits of67,68,136influence of superstition on111,154join in Olympic games79overcome Messenians75rout of three thousand by twelve195seize Persian ambassadors111swear allegiance to Lycurgus70Sperthias, self-sacrifice of120Sphinx33,34Styx, power of waters of45Sun, eclipse of153,154Susa, statue at247Sybaris, prosperity of165Syracuse166,204Temple, at Delphi, command from19at Ephesus227,264at Libya245at Olympia78of Bel, rebuilding of247of Jupiter246of Neptune258protection by a88,139,258,271rebuilding of a247saved by thunderstorm130,267test of courage at65Theagenes, statue of83Theater, the first93Thebes, founding of17siege of38-40supremacy of197taking, of191,233Themistocles, Athenian general112council planned by125courage of133exiled by Athenians140honor of140jealousy of116Thermopylæ, Greeks at127,128Pass of20,125Thersander40,44Theseum143Theseus, bones of143Greek hero26-28Thespians, bravery of130Thespis builds first theater93Thessaly, location of55Thirty Tyrants, the170-172Thrasybulus, statues to172Tigris, Greeks swim the246Torture, instrument of278Tragedy, Greek meaning of93writers of94Troy, burning of53location of41siege of47-53sung by Homer60Truce, hundred years'28,55Tyrant, meanings of97Tyre, burning of243Tyrtæus leads Spartans75Ulysses, in disguise46sung by Homer60the crafty king44wooden horse of52Vine, golden106,253Voting in Athens91,103War, end of Peloponnesian170engines of124,263First Messenian71length of Peloponnesian153of the Epigoni40of the Two Leagues277Second Messenian77Wonders of the world149,228,264Xanthippe158Xenophon159,182Xerxes I., canal dug by124defeat of134host of121-124sorrow of122vessels of, wrecked126Xuthus rules Athens21Zeus(see alsoJupiter)77,151,162