"Hic locus est, quem, si verbis audacia detur,Haud timeam magni dixisse Palatia cœli."Lib. i. v. 175.Which Sandys, by a felicitous conceit in the taste of his age (and of Ovid too), has transferred to the palace of Charles the First, and rendered still more applicable to the Milky Way:—"This glorious roofe I would not doubt to call,Had I but boldness giv'n me, Heaven'sWhite-Hall"[179]Pennant, p. 147.[180]It was a joke, probably invented, against a late festive alderman, that some lover of Terence, at a public dinner, having toasted two royal brothers, who were present, under the title of the Adelphi (the Greek word for "brothers"), the Alderman said, that as they were on the subject of streets, "he would beg leave to propose 'Finsbury Square.'"[181]Boswell, iv., p. 102.[182]Id., p. 106.[183]Boswell, vol. i., p. 225.[184]Near Holland House, Kensington. Addison died in that house.[185]"York Stairs," says the author of the 'Critical Reviews of Public Buildings,' quoted in 'Brayley's London and Middlesex,' "form unquestionably the most perfect piece of building that does honour to Inigo Jones: it is planned in so exquisite a taste, formed of such equal and harmonious parts, and adorned with such proper and elegant decorations, that nothing can be censured or added. It is at once happy in its situation beyond comparison, and fancied in a style exactly suited to that situation. The rock-work, or rustic, can never be better introduced than in buildings by the side of water; and, indeed, it is a great question whether it ought to have been made use of anywhere else. On the side next the river appear the arms of the Villiers family; and on the north front is inscribed their motto:Fidei Coticula Crux,—The Cross is the touch-stone of faith. On this side is a small terrace, planted with lime-trees; the whole supported by a rate raised upon the houses in the neighbouring streets; and being inclosed from the public, forms an agreeable promenade for the inhabitants."[186]Diary, vol. i., p. 221.[187]"Memoirs of John Evelyn, Esq." Second edit. vol. ii., p. 364.[188]In 1596, Northampton writes thus to Lord Burghley (Essex's great enemy), upon presenting to him adevotionalcomposition. "The weight of your lordship's piercing judgment held me in so reverend an awe, as before I were encouraged by two or three of my friends, who had a taste, I durst not present this treatise to your view: but since their partiality hath made me thus bold, my own affection to sanctify this labour to yourself hath made me impudent."Yet in the year succeeding, our authority observes, he has the following passage in a letter to Essex:—"Some friend of mine means this day, before night, to merit my devotion and uttermost gratitude by seeking to do good to you; the success whereof my prayers in the meantime shall recommend to that best gale of wind that may favour it. Your lordship, by your last purchase, hath almost enraged the dromedary that would have won the Queen of Sheba's favour by bringing pearls. If you could once be as fortunate in dragging old Leviathan (Burghley) and his cub,tortuosum colubrum(Sir Robert Cecil), as the prophet termeth them, out of this den of mischievous device, the better part of the world would prefer your virtue to that of Hercules." See "Memoirs of the Peers of James I." p. 240. Such "wise men" are the worst of fools. And here he was acting, as such men are apt to do, like one of the commonest fools, in saying such contradictory things under his own hand.[189]Vol. iv., p. 308.[190]"Life of Edward Lord Herbert of Cherbury," in the "Autobiography," p. 110.[191]Boswell, vol. i., p. 81.[192]The author of a "History of the Clubs of London" (vol. ii. p. 3.), says that this is not the Beef-Steak Club of which Estcourt, the comedian, was steward, and Mrs. Woffington president. He derives its origin from an accidental dinner taken by Lord Peterborough in the scenic room of Rich the Harlequin, over Covent Garden Theatre. The original gridiron, on which Rich broiled the Peer's beef-steak, is still preserved, as the palladium of the club; and the members have it engraved on their buttons. It has generally, we believe, admitted the leading men of the day, of whatever description, provided they can joke and bear joking. The author just mentioned says, that Lord Sandwich's and Wilkes's days are generally quoted as the golden period of the society.[193]Londinium Redivivum, vol. iv., p. 302.[194]Tatler, No. 100.[195]"Lives and Letters,"ut supra.[196]"Worthies of England,"ut supra.[197]Gifford's "Works of Ben Jonson," vol. i., p. ix.[198]Pennant,ut supra, p. 176[199]Diary,ut supra, vol. ii., p. 185.[200]"Memoires of Lady Fanshawe, &c., written by herself." 1729, p. 267.[201]"Memoires of Lady Fanshawe, &c., written by herself." 1729, p. 298.[202]"Life of William Lord Russell, with some Account of the Times in which he lived." By Lord John Russell, 3rd edition, 1820, vol. ii., p. 18, &c.[203]"History of the Reign of James the Second." Introductory Chapter. It is worth while, as a puzzle for the reader, to give here the contested point in the statute, which Lord Russell's enemies thought so clear against him, and his friends so much in his favour. 13 Car. II. "Provided always, that no person be prosecuted for any of the offences in this act mentioned, other than such as are made and declared to be high treason, unless it be by order of the King's Majesty, his heirs or successors, under his or their sign manual, or by order of the Council Table of his Majesty, his heirs or successors, directed unto the attorney-general for the time being: or some other counsel learned to his Majesty, his heirs or successors, for the time being: nor shall any person or persons, by virtue of this present act, incur any of the penalties herein before-mentioned, unless he or they be prosecuted within six months next after the offence committed, and indicted thereupon within three months after such prosecution; anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding."[204]Life, as above, vol. i., p. 121.[205]Hume's History of England, vol. x. chap. 69.[206]Rapin's History of England, 1731, vol. xiv., p. 333.[207]Burnet's History of his Own Times.[208]Burnet's History of his Own Times, 12mo., 1725, vol. ii., p. 260.[209]Mr. Fox, in his history above-mentioned.[210]Burnet and Tillotson thought so too, when James II. afterwards forced the church to declare one way or other.[211]In his Journal, Burnet says that he often sung "within himself," but that the words were not audible. When his companion asked him what he was singing, he said the beginning of the 119th Psalm. It is stated in the Life by his descendant (who has added some original passages from papers at Woburn), that "just as they were entering Lincoln's Inn Fields, he said, 'This has been to me a place of sinning, and God now makes it the place of my punishment.'" He had lived freely in his youth, though he is not the Russell spoken of in the Memoirs of Grammont, as many are led to believe by the engravings of him inserted in that work. The person there mentioned was a cousin.[212]For complete reports of all the trials connected with the Rye House Plot, and for several pamphlets writtenproandconupon Lord Russell's case, see the "State Trials," vol. ix., beginning at p. 357.[213]We quote the Earl of Bedford's reply from Granger's Biographical History of England, not being able to refer to Orrery, who we believe is the authority for it. Burnet's Journal is to be found at the end of Lord Russell's Life, by his descendants.[214]Lounger's Common-Place Book, 1805. 8vo. vol. i., p. 301.[215]Anecdotes of Painting, in his Works, 4to. vol. iii., p. 364.[216]Walpole's Works,ut supra, vol iii., p. 364.[217]Life of Edward Lord Herbert, of Cherbury, in the Autobiography p. 145. It is an honour to Grotius, who wrote a book, De Veritate, on the other side of the question, that he encouraged so renowned an antagonist to publish: though, perhaps, he saw less danger in it than singularity. At all events, he could anticipate no harm from the close.[218]Malcolm's Customs and Manners of London, from the Roman Invasion to the Year 1700, vol. i., p. 318.[219]Poems on Affairs of State, from the Time of Oliver Cromwell to the Abdication of King James the Second, vol. i., p. 147.[220]It is still a phrase with the vulgar to say, a man "shams Abram."[221]Manners and Customs, vol. i., p. 322.[222]Historical Account of the English Stage, p. 320.[223]It has recently been pulled down to make room for the enlargement of the museum of the College of Surgeons.[224]See Malone, pp. 135, 136.[225]Malone, p. 135.[226]Ibid., p. 136.[227]Malone, p. 136.[228]Memoirs,ut supra, vol. i., p. 167.[229]Memoirs of the English Court in the Reign of Charles II., &c., by the Countess of Dunois, part ii., p. 71.[230]Memoirs of Count Grammont, 8vo. 1811, vol. ii. p. 142.[231]With whom Charles II. was in love—afterwards Duchess of Richmond.[232]The famous wit and debauchee.[233]Pepys' Memoirs, vol. iii., p. 136.[234]Pepys' Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 99.[235]Id. p. 222.[236]Pepys' Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 2.[237]Cibber's Apology, chap. v., &c.[238]See Tatler, No. 167.[239]Cibber's Apology, 2d edit. p. 138.[240]"Lounger's Common Place Book," vol. ii., p. 137.[241]Malcolm's Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century, vol. i., p. 417.[242]Malcolm,et seq., p. 421.[243]Lounger's Common-Place Book, vol. ii., p. 139.[244]Lounger's Common-Place Book, vol. ii., p. 141.[245]"For," says the note, "while the mucilaginous qualities of porter may form one criterion of the nourishment it yields, it does not follow that mere nourishment is or ought to be the only consideration in a labouring man's use of malt liquor, or any other aliment. It is well known that flesh-meats yield chyle in greater abundance than any production of the vegetable kingdom; but Franklin would not have considered this any argument for living wholly upon meat. The fact is, that the stimulating quality of all fermented liquors (when moderately taken) is an essential part of the refreshment, and therefore of the strength they yield.'We curse not wine—the vile excess we blame.'"[To this Franklin might have answered, that the want of stimulus is generally produced by a previous abuse of it, and that the having recourse to fermented liquors is likely to continue the abuse, whatever may be said about moderation. The moderation is so difficult, that it is better to abstain than to hazard it. It is true (not to quote the words irreverently) "man does not live by bread alone," but by sociality and good-humour; and that even a little excess occasionally is not to be narrowly considered; but for the purposes of labour we may surely gather from the recorded experience of those who have laboured most, whether physically or mentally, first, that the more temperate ourhabits, the more we can perform; and, secondly, that an habitual abstinence from some kinds of refreshment is the only way to secure them.][246]Life of Benjamin Franklin, 1826, p. 31.[247]P. 160.[248]Lives of Dr. John Donne, Sir Henry Wotton, Hooker, &c. by Izaac Walton, 1825, p. 22.[249]Life of Donne, in Chalmers's "British Poets."[250]For complete particulars of the history of James's daughter and son-in-law, and their gallant adherents, see "Memoirs of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia," by Miss Benger, and "Collins's Peerage," by Sir Egerton Brydges, vol. v., p. 446. Miss Benger is as romantic as if she had lived in the queen's time, but she is diligent and amusing. The facts can easily be separated from her colouring.[251]See Baker's Biographia Dramatica, vol. ii.[252]See Baker,passim.[253]Dramatic Miscellanies, vol. iii., chap. 24. Most of the above particulars respecting Hart and Mohun have been gathered from that work. There are scarcely any records of them elsewhere.[254]Cibber's 'Apology,'ut supra, p. 226.[255]"March 1st (1671). I thence walked with him through St. James's Parke to the garden, where I both saw and heard a very familiar discourse between ... and Mrs. Nellie, as they called an impudent comedian, she looking out of her garden on a terrace at the top of the wall, and ... standing on ye greene walke under it. I was heartily sorry at this scene. Thence the King walked to the Duchess of Cleveland, another lady of pleasure, and curse of our nation."—Evelyn's 'Memoirs,'ut supra, vol. ii., p. 339. It would be curious to know how Mr. Evelyn conducted himself during this time, if he and the King saw one another.[256]Miscellaneous Works of the Duke of Buckingham and others. 1704, vol. i., p. 34.[257]The verses are attributed to Etherege; but, from a Scotch rhyme in them oftrullandwill, are perhaps not his.[258]History of His own Times, Edin. 1753, vol. i., p. 387.[259]Tatler, No. 182.[260]Tatler, No. 188. See also No. 7.[261]Apology, p. 303.[262]Baker's Biographia Dramatica, Art. Farquhar, vol. i., p. 155. Faithful Memoirs, &c., of Mrs. Anne Oldfield, by Egerton, p. 76.[263]Apology, p. 250.[264]Tatler, No. 10.[265]Letters from the Rev. J. Orton and the Rev. Sir John Stonhouse, quoted in the "General Biographical Dictionary," vol. xxiii. p. 326.[266]Memoirs, p. 144.[267]Memoirs of Richard Cumberland, written by himself, 4to. p. 59. Davies, in his "Life of Garrick," vol. i. p. 136, gives us a different idea of the preference awarded by the audience. To be sure, upon his knowledge, he says only that Quin was defeated "in the opinion of the best judges;" but he adds, from report, an anecdote that looks as if the general feeling also was against him. "When Lothario," he says, "gave Horatio the challenge, Quin, instead of accepting it instantaneously, with the determined and unembarrassed brow of superior bravery, made a long pause, and dragged out the words,'I'll meet thee there!'in such a manner as to make it appear absolutely ludicrous. He paused so long before he spoke, that somebody, it was said, called out from the gallery, 'Why don't you tell the gentleman whether you will meet him or not?'"[268]Davis's Miscellanies,ut supra, vol. i., p. 126.[269]Since this was written, Covent Garden has been converted into an Italian Opera House, has been a second time burnt, and a third time rebuilt; the architect being Mr. Barry, a son of Sir Charles Barry, who designed and erected the New Houses of Parliament.[270]Alluding to her performance of Cordelia, &c., with the one, and of Juliet, Belvidera, &c., with the other.[271]The Rosciad.[272]"He (Thomson) left behind him the tragedy of 'Coriolanus,' which was, by the zeal of his patron, Sir George Lyttleton, brought upon the stage for the benefit of his family, and recommended by a prologue, which Quin, who had long lived with Thomson in fond intimacy, spoke in such a manner as showed him 'to be,' on that occasion, 'no actor.' The commencement of this benevolence is very honourable to Quin; who is reported to have delivered Thomson, then known to him only for his genius, from an arrest, by a very considerable present; and its continuance is honourable to both, for friendship is not always the sequel of obligation." Life, by Dr. Johnson, in Chalmers's 'Poets,' p. 409.[273]Alas! now dead. This passage was written before the departure of our admirable friend.[274]Scott's 'Dryden,' vol. viii., p. 178.[275]In the prologue to Etherege's play of the 'Man of Mode.' Scott's 'Dryden,' vol. x., p. 340.[276]Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century, vol. ii., p. 317.[277]Cibber's 'Lives of the Poets' vol. iii., p. 252.[278]Works of Dryden, vol. i., p. 387. Sir Walter thus notices a letter of Tonson's on the subject of Dryden's contribution to one of the volumes known under the title of his Miscellanies:—"The contribution, although ample, was not satisfactory to old Jacob Tonson, who wrote on the subject a most mercantile expostulatory letter to Dryden, which is fortunately still preserved, as a curious specimen of the minutiæ of a literary bargain in the seventeenth century. Tonson, with reference to Dryden, having offered a strange bookseller six hundred lines for twenty guineas, enters into a question in the rule of three, by which he discovers and proves, that for fifty guineas he has only 1,446 lines, which he seems to take more unkindly, as he had not counted the lines until he had paid the money; from all which Jacob infers, that Dryden ought, out of generosity, at least to throw him in something to the bargain, especially as he had used him more kindly in Juvenal, which, saith old Jacob, is not reckoned so easy to translate as Ovid."—Vol. i., p. 379.[279]Dryden, vol. i., p. 114.[280]Dryden, vol. i., p. 203.[281]Poems on State Affairs, vol. i., p. 99.[282]Spence's 'Anecdotes,' p. 263.[283]Spence's 'Anecdotes,' p. 59.[284]Vol. xv., p. 218.[285]Spence, p. 263.[286]Ibid., p. 286.[287]Boswell, vol. i., p. 373.[288]Boswell, vol. iii., p. 378.[289]It is still so called by many of the poorer orders, who are oftener in the right in their old English than is suspected. Some of them call it Common Garden, which is a better corruption than its present one.[290]Londinium Redivivum, vol. iv., p. 213.[291]Londinium Redivivum, vol. iv., p. 219.[292]Memoirs of Mrs. Letitia Pilkington. Dublin, 1748, vol. i., p. 136.[293]Hazlitt's 'Picture Galleries of England,' p. 80.[294]The best account we are acquainted with of the various Beef-steak Clubs has been given us by the good-humoured author of 'Wine and Walnuts.' His book is an antiquarian fiction, but not entirely such; and the present account, among others, may be taken as fact. George Lambert, Rich's scene-painter at Covent Garden, says he, "being a man of wit, and of repute as an artist, was frequently visited by persons of note while at his work in the scene-room. In those days it was customary for men of fashion to visit the green-room, and to indulge in a morning lounge behind the curtain of the theatre. Lambert, when preparing his designs for a pantomine or new spectacle (for which exhibitions the manager, Rich, was much renowned), would often take his chop or steak cooked on the German stove, rather than quit his occupation for the superior accommodation of a neighbouring tavern. Certain of his visitors, men of taste, struck with the novelty of the thing perhaps, or tempted by the savoury dish, took a knife and fork with Lambert, and enjoyed the treat. Hence the origin of the Beef-steak Club, whose social feasts were long held in the painting-room of this theatre, which, from its commencement, has enrolled among its members persons of the highest rank and fortune, and many eminent professional men and distinguished wits. The Club subsequently met in an apartment of the late theatre; then it moved to the Shakspeare Tavern; thence again to the theatre; until, being burnt out in 1812, the meetings adjourned to the Bedford. At present the celebrated convives assemble at an apartment at the English Opera House in the Strand."At the same time this social club flourished in England, and about the year 1749, a Beef-steak Club was established at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, of which the celebrated Mrs. Margaret Woffington was president. It was begun by Mr. Sheridan, but on a very different plan to that in London, no theatrical performer, save onefemale, being admitted; and though called a Club, the manager alone bore all the expenses. The plan was, by making a list of about fifty or sixty persons, chiefly noblemen and members of Parliament, who were invited. Usually about half that number attended, and dined in the manager's apartment in the theatre. There was no female admitted but thisPeg Woffington, so denominated by all her contemporaries, who was seated in a great chair at the head of the table, and elected president for the season."'It will readily be believed,' says Mr. Victor, who was joint proprietor of the house, 'that a club where there were good accommodations, such alovely president, full of wit and spirit, andnothing to pay, must soon grow remarkably fashionable.' It did so—but we find it subsequently caused the theatre to be pulled to pieces about the manager's head."Mr. Victor says of Mrs. Margaret, 'she possessed captivating charms as a jovial, witty bottle companion, but few remaining as a mere female.' We have Dr. Johnson's testimony, however, who had often gossipped with Mrs. Margaret in the green-room at old Drury, more in the lady's favour."This author (Victor) says, speaking of the Beef-steak Club, 'It was a club of ancient institution in every theatre; when the principal performers dined one day in the week together (generally Saturday), and authors and other geniuses were admitted members.'"Theclubin Ivy Lane, celebrated by Dr. Johnson, was originally aBeef-steak."[295]From a paper of Steele's in the 'Spectator,' No. 468.[296]Memoirs of the Life of Charles Macklin, Esq., &c., by James Thomas Kirkman, vol. ii., p. 419.[297]Memoirs of the Life of Charles Macklin, Esq., by James Thomas Kirkman, vol. ii., p. 416.[298]A few days after writing this passage, we saw the shrubs making their appearance.[299]Literary and Miscellaneous Memoirs, by J. Cradock, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., vol. i., p. 117.[300]Literary and Miscellaneous Memoirs, by J. Cradock, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., vol. iv., p. 166.[301]Literary and Miscellaneous Memoirs, by J. Cradock, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., vol. i., p. 143.[302]Cradock, as above, p. 144.[303]Love and Madness, a Story too True, in a series of Letters, &c. 1822, p. 11.[304]Cradock's Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 166.[305]Boswell, vol. iii., p. 414.[306]Cradock's Memoirs, vol. i., p. 146.[307]Cradock's Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 166.[308]Account of John Partridge, in the Appendix to the Tatler, vol. iv., p. 613.[309]Anecdotes, Manners, and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century, vol. i., p. 407.[310]Tatler,ut supra, vol. iii., p. 397.[311]Anecdotes, Manners, &c.ut supra, vol. iii., p. 239.[312]Spence,ut supra, pp. 2, and 49.[313]Johnson's Life of Prior.[314]Arbuthnot was a lover of the table, and is understood to have embittered his end by it; a charge which has been brought against Pope. Perhaps there is not one that might be brought with more safety against ninety men out of a hundred.[315]Journey to the Next World.[316]The house was probably on the site now occupied by the south-east corner of New Coventry Street.[317]For masterly criticisms on Hogarth, see the "Works of Charles Lamb," vol. ii., p. 88, and the "Picture Galleries of England," p. 181.[318]Pennant, p. 120.[319]Page 143.[320]Pennant, p. 112. He quotes Archenholz's Tableau d'Angleterre, 183.[321]State Trials,ut supra, vol. v., p. 1236.[322]Id. pp. 1284, 1286.[323]State Trials, vol. v., p. 1282.[324]Scott's Edition of "Dryden," vol. ix., p. 270.[325]See the life of him by his retainer Fairfax, and the account of him on his deathbed in the "Collection of Letters of several Persons of Quality and others."[326]MSS. Birch, 4221, quoted in the Notes of the Tatler,ut supra, vol. i., p. 208.[327]Life of Prior in the "Lives of the Poets."[328]New Monthly Magazine, vol. xvii., p. 140.[329]Memoirs of the Life and Writings of De Foe, 1829, vol. ii., p. 116.[330]Pennant, p. 110.[331]Extracted from Salisbury's Flying Post, of October 27, 1696, in Malcolm's Manners and Customs of London to the year 1700, vol. i., p. 396.[332]See State Trials,ut supra, "Egerton's Memoirs of Mrs. Oldfield;" "Swift's Great and Mean Figures," vol. xvii., 1765; and the "History of Orlando the Fair, in the Tatler," as above, Nos. 50 and 51. "The author of Memoirs of Fielding in the Select Trials," says a note on the latter number, "admits, that for all the ludicrous air and pleasantry of this narration (Steele's), the truth of facts and character is in general fairly represented."[333]Discourses delivered at the Royal Academy. Sharpe's Edition, vol. ii., pp. 113, 115.[334]Life of Lord Herbert of Cherbury, in the "Autobiography," p. 79.[335]Chambers, short guns, or cannon, standing upon their breaching without carriages, chiefly used for festive occasions; and having their name most probably from being little more thanchambersfor powder. It was by the discharge of thesechambersin the play of Henry VIIIth. that the Globe Theatre was burnt in 1613. Shakspeare followed pretty closely the narrative of Cavendish.—Singer.[336]Mumchanceappears to have been a game played with dice, at which silence was to be observed.—Singer.[337]Probably a handsomer figure than the King. This (though not the subtlest imaginable) would be likely to be among Wolsey's court-tricks, and modes of gaining favour.[338]This "dashed out" is in the best style of bluff King Hal, and capitally well said by Cavendish.[339]Lingard, vol. iv., p. 246. (Quarto Edit.)[340]Vol. iii., p. 862, Edit. 1808.[341]Folio edit[342]Ut supra, p. 347. Henry had been afflicted with this ulcer a long while. He was in danger from it during his marriage with Anne Bullen. It should be allowed him among his excuses of temperament; but then it should also have made him more considerate towards his wives. It never enters the heads, however, of such people thattheirfaults or infirmities are to go for anything, except to make others considerate for them, and warrant whatever humours they choose to indulge.[343]Nicholls's "Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth," year 1595, pp. 4-8. "He will ever bear in his heart the picture of her beauty." "He now looks on his mistress's outside with the eyes of sense, which are dazzled and amased."[344]See the poems in Anderson's Edition, vol. ii., p. 706.[345]From an article in the second volume of that elegant and interesting publication, the "Retrospective Review;" the discontinuance of which, some years back, was regretted by every lover of literature.[346]Biographical History of England. Vol. ii., p. 7. Fifth Edition.[347]Nugæ Antiquæ, Ed. 1804, vol i., p. 348,et seq.(Quoted in a note to Peyton's "Catastrophe of the Stuarts," in "Secret History of the Court of James I." Vol. ii., p. 387.)[348]Harris, vol. i., p. 17.[349]Harris, vol. i., p. 79.[350]See the Poem of "Gotham" in Churchill's works.[351]Secret History, &c., as above, vol. ii., p. 1.[352]Jesse's Memoirs of the Court of England during the Reign of the Stuarts, vol. ii., p. 91.[353]Ibid., p. 94.[354]Jesse, vol. ii., p. 79.[355]Boulogne.
"Hic locus est, quem, si verbis audacia detur,Haud timeam magni dixisse Palatia cœli."Lib. i. v. 175.
"Hic locus est, quem, si verbis audacia detur,Haud timeam magni dixisse Palatia cœli."Lib. i. v. 175.
"Hic locus est, quem, si verbis audacia detur,
Haud timeam magni dixisse Palatia cœli."
Lib. i. v. 175.
Which Sandys, by a felicitous conceit in the taste of his age (and of Ovid too), has transferred to the palace of Charles the First, and rendered still more applicable to the Milky Way:—
"This glorious roofe I would not doubt to call,Had I but boldness giv'n me, Heaven'sWhite-Hall"
"This glorious roofe I would not doubt to call,Had I but boldness giv'n me, Heaven'sWhite-Hall"
"This glorious roofe I would not doubt to call,
Had I but boldness giv'n me, Heaven'sWhite-Hall"
[179]Pennant, p. 147.
[180]It was a joke, probably invented, against a late festive alderman, that some lover of Terence, at a public dinner, having toasted two royal brothers, who were present, under the title of the Adelphi (the Greek word for "brothers"), the Alderman said, that as they were on the subject of streets, "he would beg leave to propose 'Finsbury Square.'"
[181]Boswell, iv., p. 102.
[182]Id., p. 106.
[183]Boswell, vol. i., p. 225.
[184]Near Holland House, Kensington. Addison died in that house.
[185]"York Stairs," says the author of the 'Critical Reviews of Public Buildings,' quoted in 'Brayley's London and Middlesex,' "form unquestionably the most perfect piece of building that does honour to Inigo Jones: it is planned in so exquisite a taste, formed of such equal and harmonious parts, and adorned with such proper and elegant decorations, that nothing can be censured or added. It is at once happy in its situation beyond comparison, and fancied in a style exactly suited to that situation. The rock-work, or rustic, can never be better introduced than in buildings by the side of water; and, indeed, it is a great question whether it ought to have been made use of anywhere else. On the side next the river appear the arms of the Villiers family; and on the north front is inscribed their motto:Fidei Coticula Crux,—The Cross is the touch-stone of faith. On this side is a small terrace, planted with lime-trees; the whole supported by a rate raised upon the houses in the neighbouring streets; and being inclosed from the public, forms an agreeable promenade for the inhabitants."
[186]Diary, vol. i., p. 221.
[187]"Memoirs of John Evelyn, Esq." Second edit. vol. ii., p. 364.
[188]In 1596, Northampton writes thus to Lord Burghley (Essex's great enemy), upon presenting to him adevotionalcomposition. "The weight of your lordship's piercing judgment held me in so reverend an awe, as before I were encouraged by two or three of my friends, who had a taste, I durst not present this treatise to your view: but since their partiality hath made me thus bold, my own affection to sanctify this labour to yourself hath made me impudent."
Yet in the year succeeding, our authority observes, he has the following passage in a letter to Essex:—"Some friend of mine means this day, before night, to merit my devotion and uttermost gratitude by seeking to do good to you; the success whereof my prayers in the meantime shall recommend to that best gale of wind that may favour it. Your lordship, by your last purchase, hath almost enraged the dromedary that would have won the Queen of Sheba's favour by bringing pearls. If you could once be as fortunate in dragging old Leviathan (Burghley) and his cub,tortuosum colubrum(Sir Robert Cecil), as the prophet termeth them, out of this den of mischievous device, the better part of the world would prefer your virtue to that of Hercules." See "Memoirs of the Peers of James I." p. 240. Such "wise men" are the worst of fools. And here he was acting, as such men are apt to do, like one of the commonest fools, in saying such contradictory things under his own hand.
[189]Vol. iv., p. 308.
[190]"Life of Edward Lord Herbert of Cherbury," in the "Autobiography," p. 110.
[191]Boswell, vol. i., p. 81.
[192]The author of a "History of the Clubs of London" (vol. ii. p. 3.), says that this is not the Beef-Steak Club of which Estcourt, the comedian, was steward, and Mrs. Woffington president. He derives its origin from an accidental dinner taken by Lord Peterborough in the scenic room of Rich the Harlequin, over Covent Garden Theatre. The original gridiron, on which Rich broiled the Peer's beef-steak, is still preserved, as the palladium of the club; and the members have it engraved on their buttons. It has generally, we believe, admitted the leading men of the day, of whatever description, provided they can joke and bear joking. The author just mentioned says, that Lord Sandwich's and Wilkes's days are generally quoted as the golden period of the society.
[193]Londinium Redivivum, vol. iv., p. 302.
[194]Tatler, No. 100.
[195]"Lives and Letters,"ut supra.
[196]"Worthies of England,"ut supra.
[197]Gifford's "Works of Ben Jonson," vol. i., p. ix.
[198]Pennant,ut supra, p. 176
[199]Diary,ut supra, vol. ii., p. 185.
[200]"Memoires of Lady Fanshawe, &c., written by herself." 1729, p. 267.
[201]"Memoires of Lady Fanshawe, &c., written by herself." 1729, p. 298.
[202]"Life of William Lord Russell, with some Account of the Times in which he lived." By Lord John Russell, 3rd edition, 1820, vol. ii., p. 18, &c.
[203]"History of the Reign of James the Second." Introductory Chapter. It is worth while, as a puzzle for the reader, to give here the contested point in the statute, which Lord Russell's enemies thought so clear against him, and his friends so much in his favour. 13 Car. II. "Provided always, that no person be prosecuted for any of the offences in this act mentioned, other than such as are made and declared to be high treason, unless it be by order of the King's Majesty, his heirs or successors, under his or their sign manual, or by order of the Council Table of his Majesty, his heirs or successors, directed unto the attorney-general for the time being: or some other counsel learned to his Majesty, his heirs or successors, for the time being: nor shall any person or persons, by virtue of this present act, incur any of the penalties herein before-mentioned, unless he or they be prosecuted within six months next after the offence committed, and indicted thereupon within three months after such prosecution; anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding."
[204]Life, as above, vol. i., p. 121.
[205]Hume's History of England, vol. x. chap. 69.
[206]Rapin's History of England, 1731, vol. xiv., p. 333.
[207]Burnet's History of his Own Times.
[208]Burnet's History of his Own Times, 12mo., 1725, vol. ii., p. 260.
[209]Mr. Fox, in his history above-mentioned.
[210]Burnet and Tillotson thought so too, when James II. afterwards forced the church to declare one way or other.
[211]In his Journal, Burnet says that he often sung "within himself," but that the words were not audible. When his companion asked him what he was singing, he said the beginning of the 119th Psalm. It is stated in the Life by his descendant (who has added some original passages from papers at Woburn), that "just as they were entering Lincoln's Inn Fields, he said, 'This has been to me a place of sinning, and God now makes it the place of my punishment.'" He had lived freely in his youth, though he is not the Russell spoken of in the Memoirs of Grammont, as many are led to believe by the engravings of him inserted in that work. The person there mentioned was a cousin.
[212]For complete reports of all the trials connected with the Rye House Plot, and for several pamphlets writtenproandconupon Lord Russell's case, see the "State Trials," vol. ix., beginning at p. 357.
[213]We quote the Earl of Bedford's reply from Granger's Biographical History of England, not being able to refer to Orrery, who we believe is the authority for it. Burnet's Journal is to be found at the end of Lord Russell's Life, by his descendants.
[214]Lounger's Common-Place Book, 1805. 8vo. vol. i., p. 301.
[215]Anecdotes of Painting, in his Works, 4to. vol. iii., p. 364.
[216]Walpole's Works,ut supra, vol iii., p. 364.
[217]Life of Edward Lord Herbert, of Cherbury, in the Autobiography p. 145. It is an honour to Grotius, who wrote a book, De Veritate, on the other side of the question, that he encouraged so renowned an antagonist to publish: though, perhaps, he saw less danger in it than singularity. At all events, he could anticipate no harm from the close.
[218]Malcolm's Customs and Manners of London, from the Roman Invasion to the Year 1700, vol. i., p. 318.
[219]Poems on Affairs of State, from the Time of Oliver Cromwell to the Abdication of King James the Second, vol. i., p. 147.
[220]It is still a phrase with the vulgar to say, a man "shams Abram."
[221]Manners and Customs, vol. i., p. 322.
[222]Historical Account of the English Stage, p. 320.
[223]It has recently been pulled down to make room for the enlargement of the museum of the College of Surgeons.
[224]See Malone, pp. 135, 136.
[225]Malone, p. 135.
[226]Ibid., p. 136.
[227]Malone, p. 136.
[228]Memoirs,ut supra, vol. i., p. 167.
[229]Memoirs of the English Court in the Reign of Charles II., &c., by the Countess of Dunois, part ii., p. 71.
[230]Memoirs of Count Grammont, 8vo. 1811, vol. ii. p. 142.
[231]With whom Charles II. was in love—afterwards Duchess of Richmond.
[232]The famous wit and debauchee.
[233]Pepys' Memoirs, vol. iii., p. 136.
[234]Pepys' Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 99.
[235]Id. p. 222.
[236]Pepys' Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 2.
[237]Cibber's Apology, chap. v., &c.
[238]See Tatler, No. 167.
[239]Cibber's Apology, 2d edit. p. 138.
[240]"Lounger's Common Place Book," vol. ii., p. 137.
[241]Malcolm's Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century, vol. i., p. 417.
[242]Malcolm,et seq., p. 421.
[243]Lounger's Common-Place Book, vol. ii., p. 139.
[244]Lounger's Common-Place Book, vol. ii., p. 141.
[245]"For," says the note, "while the mucilaginous qualities of porter may form one criterion of the nourishment it yields, it does not follow that mere nourishment is or ought to be the only consideration in a labouring man's use of malt liquor, or any other aliment. It is well known that flesh-meats yield chyle in greater abundance than any production of the vegetable kingdom; but Franklin would not have considered this any argument for living wholly upon meat. The fact is, that the stimulating quality of all fermented liquors (when moderately taken) is an essential part of the refreshment, and therefore of the strength they yield.
'We curse not wine—the vile excess we blame.'"
'We curse not wine—the vile excess we blame.'"
'We curse not wine—the vile excess we blame.'"
[To this Franklin might have answered, that the want of stimulus is generally produced by a previous abuse of it, and that the having recourse to fermented liquors is likely to continue the abuse, whatever may be said about moderation. The moderation is so difficult, that it is better to abstain than to hazard it. It is true (not to quote the words irreverently) "man does not live by bread alone," but by sociality and good-humour; and that even a little excess occasionally is not to be narrowly considered; but for the purposes of labour we may surely gather from the recorded experience of those who have laboured most, whether physically or mentally, first, that the more temperate ourhabits, the more we can perform; and, secondly, that an habitual abstinence from some kinds of refreshment is the only way to secure them.]
[246]Life of Benjamin Franklin, 1826, p. 31.
[247]P. 160.
[248]Lives of Dr. John Donne, Sir Henry Wotton, Hooker, &c. by Izaac Walton, 1825, p. 22.
[249]Life of Donne, in Chalmers's "British Poets."
[250]For complete particulars of the history of James's daughter and son-in-law, and their gallant adherents, see "Memoirs of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia," by Miss Benger, and "Collins's Peerage," by Sir Egerton Brydges, vol. v., p. 446. Miss Benger is as romantic as if she had lived in the queen's time, but she is diligent and amusing. The facts can easily be separated from her colouring.
[251]See Baker's Biographia Dramatica, vol. ii.
[252]See Baker,passim.
[253]Dramatic Miscellanies, vol. iii., chap. 24. Most of the above particulars respecting Hart and Mohun have been gathered from that work. There are scarcely any records of them elsewhere.
[254]Cibber's 'Apology,'ut supra, p. 226.
[255]"March 1st (1671). I thence walked with him through St. James's Parke to the garden, where I both saw and heard a very familiar discourse between ... and Mrs. Nellie, as they called an impudent comedian, she looking out of her garden on a terrace at the top of the wall, and ... standing on ye greene walke under it. I was heartily sorry at this scene. Thence the King walked to the Duchess of Cleveland, another lady of pleasure, and curse of our nation."—Evelyn's 'Memoirs,'ut supra, vol. ii., p. 339. It would be curious to know how Mr. Evelyn conducted himself during this time, if he and the King saw one another.
[256]Miscellaneous Works of the Duke of Buckingham and others. 1704, vol. i., p. 34.
[257]The verses are attributed to Etherege; but, from a Scotch rhyme in them oftrullandwill, are perhaps not his.
[258]History of His own Times, Edin. 1753, vol. i., p. 387.
[259]Tatler, No. 182.
[260]Tatler, No. 188. See also No. 7.
[261]Apology, p. 303.
[262]Baker's Biographia Dramatica, Art. Farquhar, vol. i., p. 155. Faithful Memoirs, &c., of Mrs. Anne Oldfield, by Egerton, p. 76.
[263]Apology, p. 250.
[264]Tatler, No. 10.
[265]Letters from the Rev. J. Orton and the Rev. Sir John Stonhouse, quoted in the "General Biographical Dictionary," vol. xxiii. p. 326.
[266]Memoirs, p. 144.
[267]Memoirs of Richard Cumberland, written by himself, 4to. p. 59. Davies, in his "Life of Garrick," vol. i. p. 136, gives us a different idea of the preference awarded by the audience. To be sure, upon his knowledge, he says only that Quin was defeated "in the opinion of the best judges;" but he adds, from report, an anecdote that looks as if the general feeling also was against him. "When Lothario," he says, "gave Horatio the challenge, Quin, instead of accepting it instantaneously, with the determined and unembarrassed brow of superior bravery, made a long pause, and dragged out the words,
'I'll meet thee there!'
'I'll meet thee there!'
'I'll meet thee there!'
in such a manner as to make it appear absolutely ludicrous. He paused so long before he spoke, that somebody, it was said, called out from the gallery, 'Why don't you tell the gentleman whether you will meet him or not?'"
[268]Davis's Miscellanies,ut supra, vol. i., p. 126.
[269]Since this was written, Covent Garden has been converted into an Italian Opera House, has been a second time burnt, and a third time rebuilt; the architect being Mr. Barry, a son of Sir Charles Barry, who designed and erected the New Houses of Parliament.
[270]Alluding to her performance of Cordelia, &c., with the one, and of Juliet, Belvidera, &c., with the other.
[271]The Rosciad.
[272]"He (Thomson) left behind him the tragedy of 'Coriolanus,' which was, by the zeal of his patron, Sir George Lyttleton, brought upon the stage for the benefit of his family, and recommended by a prologue, which Quin, who had long lived with Thomson in fond intimacy, spoke in such a manner as showed him 'to be,' on that occasion, 'no actor.' The commencement of this benevolence is very honourable to Quin; who is reported to have delivered Thomson, then known to him only for his genius, from an arrest, by a very considerable present; and its continuance is honourable to both, for friendship is not always the sequel of obligation." Life, by Dr. Johnson, in Chalmers's 'Poets,' p. 409.
[273]Alas! now dead. This passage was written before the departure of our admirable friend.
[274]Scott's 'Dryden,' vol. viii., p. 178.
[275]In the prologue to Etherege's play of the 'Man of Mode.' Scott's 'Dryden,' vol. x., p. 340.
[276]Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century, vol. ii., p. 317.
[277]Cibber's 'Lives of the Poets' vol. iii., p. 252.
[278]Works of Dryden, vol. i., p. 387. Sir Walter thus notices a letter of Tonson's on the subject of Dryden's contribution to one of the volumes known under the title of his Miscellanies:—"The contribution, although ample, was not satisfactory to old Jacob Tonson, who wrote on the subject a most mercantile expostulatory letter to Dryden, which is fortunately still preserved, as a curious specimen of the minutiæ of a literary bargain in the seventeenth century. Tonson, with reference to Dryden, having offered a strange bookseller six hundred lines for twenty guineas, enters into a question in the rule of three, by which he discovers and proves, that for fifty guineas he has only 1,446 lines, which he seems to take more unkindly, as he had not counted the lines until he had paid the money; from all which Jacob infers, that Dryden ought, out of generosity, at least to throw him in something to the bargain, especially as he had used him more kindly in Juvenal, which, saith old Jacob, is not reckoned so easy to translate as Ovid."—Vol. i., p. 379.
[279]Dryden, vol. i., p. 114.
[280]Dryden, vol. i., p. 203.
[281]Poems on State Affairs, vol. i., p. 99.
[282]Spence's 'Anecdotes,' p. 263.
[283]Spence's 'Anecdotes,' p. 59.
[284]Vol. xv., p. 218.
[285]Spence, p. 263.
[286]Ibid., p. 286.
[287]Boswell, vol. i., p. 373.
[288]Boswell, vol. iii., p. 378.
[289]It is still so called by many of the poorer orders, who are oftener in the right in their old English than is suspected. Some of them call it Common Garden, which is a better corruption than its present one.
[290]Londinium Redivivum, vol. iv., p. 213.
[291]Londinium Redivivum, vol. iv., p. 219.
[292]Memoirs of Mrs. Letitia Pilkington. Dublin, 1748, vol. i., p. 136.
[293]Hazlitt's 'Picture Galleries of England,' p. 80.
[294]The best account we are acquainted with of the various Beef-steak Clubs has been given us by the good-humoured author of 'Wine and Walnuts.' His book is an antiquarian fiction, but not entirely such; and the present account, among others, may be taken as fact. George Lambert, Rich's scene-painter at Covent Garden, says he, "being a man of wit, and of repute as an artist, was frequently visited by persons of note while at his work in the scene-room. In those days it was customary for men of fashion to visit the green-room, and to indulge in a morning lounge behind the curtain of the theatre. Lambert, when preparing his designs for a pantomine or new spectacle (for which exhibitions the manager, Rich, was much renowned), would often take his chop or steak cooked on the German stove, rather than quit his occupation for the superior accommodation of a neighbouring tavern. Certain of his visitors, men of taste, struck with the novelty of the thing perhaps, or tempted by the savoury dish, took a knife and fork with Lambert, and enjoyed the treat. Hence the origin of the Beef-steak Club, whose social feasts were long held in the painting-room of this theatre, which, from its commencement, has enrolled among its members persons of the highest rank and fortune, and many eminent professional men and distinguished wits. The Club subsequently met in an apartment of the late theatre; then it moved to the Shakspeare Tavern; thence again to the theatre; until, being burnt out in 1812, the meetings adjourned to the Bedford. At present the celebrated convives assemble at an apartment at the English Opera House in the Strand.
"At the same time this social club flourished in England, and about the year 1749, a Beef-steak Club was established at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, of which the celebrated Mrs. Margaret Woffington was president. It was begun by Mr. Sheridan, but on a very different plan to that in London, no theatrical performer, save onefemale, being admitted; and though called a Club, the manager alone bore all the expenses. The plan was, by making a list of about fifty or sixty persons, chiefly noblemen and members of Parliament, who were invited. Usually about half that number attended, and dined in the manager's apartment in the theatre. There was no female admitted but thisPeg Woffington, so denominated by all her contemporaries, who was seated in a great chair at the head of the table, and elected president for the season.
"'It will readily be believed,' says Mr. Victor, who was joint proprietor of the house, 'that a club where there were good accommodations, such alovely president, full of wit and spirit, andnothing to pay, must soon grow remarkably fashionable.' It did so—but we find it subsequently caused the theatre to be pulled to pieces about the manager's head.
"Mr. Victor says of Mrs. Margaret, 'she possessed captivating charms as a jovial, witty bottle companion, but few remaining as a mere female.' We have Dr. Johnson's testimony, however, who had often gossipped with Mrs. Margaret in the green-room at old Drury, more in the lady's favour.
"This author (Victor) says, speaking of the Beef-steak Club, 'It was a club of ancient institution in every theatre; when the principal performers dined one day in the week together (generally Saturday), and authors and other geniuses were admitted members.'
"Theclubin Ivy Lane, celebrated by Dr. Johnson, was originally aBeef-steak."
[295]From a paper of Steele's in the 'Spectator,' No. 468.
[296]Memoirs of the Life of Charles Macklin, Esq., &c., by James Thomas Kirkman, vol. ii., p. 419.
[297]Memoirs of the Life of Charles Macklin, Esq., by James Thomas Kirkman, vol. ii., p. 416.
[298]A few days after writing this passage, we saw the shrubs making their appearance.
[299]Literary and Miscellaneous Memoirs, by J. Cradock, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., vol. i., p. 117.
[300]Literary and Miscellaneous Memoirs, by J. Cradock, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., vol. iv., p. 166.
[301]Literary and Miscellaneous Memoirs, by J. Cradock, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., vol. i., p. 143.
[302]Cradock, as above, p. 144.
[303]Love and Madness, a Story too True, in a series of Letters, &c. 1822, p. 11.
[304]Cradock's Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 166.
[305]Boswell, vol. iii., p. 414.
[306]Cradock's Memoirs, vol. i., p. 146.
[307]Cradock's Memoirs, vol. iv., p. 166.
[308]Account of John Partridge, in the Appendix to the Tatler, vol. iv., p. 613.
[309]Anecdotes, Manners, and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century, vol. i., p. 407.
[310]Tatler,ut supra, vol. iii., p. 397.
[311]Anecdotes, Manners, &c.ut supra, vol. iii., p. 239.
[312]Spence,ut supra, pp. 2, and 49.
[313]Johnson's Life of Prior.
[314]Arbuthnot was a lover of the table, and is understood to have embittered his end by it; a charge which has been brought against Pope. Perhaps there is not one that might be brought with more safety against ninety men out of a hundred.
[315]Journey to the Next World.
[316]The house was probably on the site now occupied by the south-east corner of New Coventry Street.
[317]For masterly criticisms on Hogarth, see the "Works of Charles Lamb," vol. ii., p. 88, and the "Picture Galleries of England," p. 181.
[318]Pennant, p. 120.
[319]Page 143.
[320]Pennant, p. 112. He quotes Archenholz's Tableau d'Angleterre, 183.
[321]State Trials,ut supra, vol. v., p. 1236.
[322]Id. pp. 1284, 1286.
[323]State Trials, vol. v., p. 1282.
[324]Scott's Edition of "Dryden," vol. ix., p. 270.
[325]See the life of him by his retainer Fairfax, and the account of him on his deathbed in the "Collection of Letters of several Persons of Quality and others."
[326]MSS. Birch, 4221, quoted in the Notes of the Tatler,ut supra, vol. i., p. 208.
[327]Life of Prior in the "Lives of the Poets."
[328]New Monthly Magazine, vol. xvii., p. 140.
[329]Memoirs of the Life and Writings of De Foe, 1829, vol. ii., p. 116.
[330]Pennant, p. 110.
[331]Extracted from Salisbury's Flying Post, of October 27, 1696, in Malcolm's Manners and Customs of London to the year 1700, vol. i., p. 396.
[332]See State Trials,ut supra, "Egerton's Memoirs of Mrs. Oldfield;" "Swift's Great and Mean Figures," vol. xvii., 1765; and the "History of Orlando the Fair, in the Tatler," as above, Nos. 50 and 51. "The author of Memoirs of Fielding in the Select Trials," says a note on the latter number, "admits, that for all the ludicrous air and pleasantry of this narration (Steele's), the truth of facts and character is in general fairly represented."
[333]Discourses delivered at the Royal Academy. Sharpe's Edition, vol. ii., pp. 113, 115.
[334]Life of Lord Herbert of Cherbury, in the "Autobiography," p. 79.
[335]Chambers, short guns, or cannon, standing upon their breaching without carriages, chiefly used for festive occasions; and having their name most probably from being little more thanchambersfor powder. It was by the discharge of thesechambersin the play of Henry VIIIth. that the Globe Theatre was burnt in 1613. Shakspeare followed pretty closely the narrative of Cavendish.—Singer.
[336]Mumchanceappears to have been a game played with dice, at which silence was to be observed.—Singer.
[337]Probably a handsomer figure than the King. This (though not the subtlest imaginable) would be likely to be among Wolsey's court-tricks, and modes of gaining favour.
[338]This "dashed out" is in the best style of bluff King Hal, and capitally well said by Cavendish.
[339]Lingard, vol. iv., p. 246. (Quarto Edit.)
[340]Vol. iii., p. 862, Edit. 1808.
[341]Folio edit
[342]Ut supra, p. 347. Henry had been afflicted with this ulcer a long while. He was in danger from it during his marriage with Anne Bullen. It should be allowed him among his excuses of temperament; but then it should also have made him more considerate towards his wives. It never enters the heads, however, of such people thattheirfaults or infirmities are to go for anything, except to make others considerate for them, and warrant whatever humours they choose to indulge.
[343]Nicholls's "Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth," year 1595, pp. 4-8. "He will ever bear in his heart the picture of her beauty." "He now looks on his mistress's outside with the eyes of sense, which are dazzled and amased."
[344]See the poems in Anderson's Edition, vol. ii., p. 706.
[345]From an article in the second volume of that elegant and interesting publication, the "Retrospective Review;" the discontinuance of which, some years back, was regretted by every lover of literature.
[346]Biographical History of England. Vol. ii., p. 7. Fifth Edition.
[347]Nugæ Antiquæ, Ed. 1804, vol i., p. 348,et seq.(Quoted in a note to Peyton's "Catastrophe of the Stuarts," in "Secret History of the Court of James I." Vol. ii., p. 387.)
[348]Harris, vol. i., p. 17.
[349]Harris, vol. i., p. 79.
[350]See the Poem of "Gotham" in Churchill's works.
[351]Secret History, &c., as above, vol. ii., p. 1.
[352]Jesse's Memoirs of the Court of England during the Reign of the Stuarts, vol. ii., p. 91.
[353]Ibid., p. 94.
[354]Jesse, vol. ii., p. 79.
[355]Boulogne.