Chapter 13

UNWIN BROTHERS, THE GRESHAM PRESS, CHILWORTH AND LONDON.

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MILLER CHRISTY,

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To be issued by Subscription in the course of 1887.The Ancient Sepulchral Monumentsof Essex.ByFRED. CHANCELLOR,Architect, F.R.I.B.A.

UNDER this title it is proposed to publish a Work containing Illustrations, with descriptive text, of the principal Altar Tombs, Effigies, Mural Tablets, and other Memorial Monuments of a date prior to the year 1700, now to be found in the Parish Churches and other places in the County of Essex.

The Illustrations will all be drawn to scale from measurements taken on the spot, with Plans, Elevations and Sections, and, where justified by their importance, with details to a larger scale of the Mouldings and Ornaments, and will include at least 150 Plates of Monuments to members of the following Families:—De Vere, Bourchier, Botetort, Pointz, Marney, Fitzwalter, Ratclifife, De Horkesley, Waldegrave, Mildmay, Smyth, Swynborne, Salberghe, Wiseman, Fyndorne, Gilberd, Petre, Cammocke, Hawkwood, Southcotte, Everard, D’Arcy, Cooke, Stanley, Merry, Audley, Deane, Tryon, Sparrowe, Saunders, Harlakenden, Maynard, Guyon, Freshwater, Wentworth, Northwood, Maxey, Rich, Bendish, Capel, Luckyn, Honywood, Carew, Hervey, Conyers, Monox, Trafford, Tyrell, Cutte, Middleton, Salusbury, Bramston, Rudd, Kempe, Berners, Nivell, Montague, Bertie, Hicks, Webbe, Goring, &c., &c.

The Letterpress of about 150 pages will include a description of each Monument, and, when practicable, a short biographical sketch, with the Family History, Heraldry (if any), and other curious information relating to the person or persons to whom the Monument is erected, and any other matter of Architectural or Antiquarian Interest connected therewith.

The Author has been led to undertake this work for the purpose of preserving correct illustrations of the numerous highly interesting Monuments which still remain scattered about the County of Essex in many of the old Churches, and elsewhere. These old Monuments, from the nature of their construction and materials, are necessarily of a perishable character, and, as a matter of fact, we find that many of those which are mentioned by Weever in his “Funeral Monuments” have disappeared altogether; it is therefore important that an accurate record should be taken of those which still remain without further delay. Many of them, apart from their architectural beauty, are immensely interesting from their historical associations; it is hoped, therefore, that this work will commend itself to that increasing class who now make Archæology and everything connected therewith a favourite study.

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To be published by Subscription early in the year 1887.RAYS OF LIGHT,FOR SICK AND WEARY ONES.

“Unto you that fear My name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healingin his wings.”—Mal.iv. 2.

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FOOTNOTES:[1]The History of Sign-boards, From the Earliest Times to the Present Day.By Jacob Larwood and John Camden Hotten. London, 1867. In this otherwise excellent work there is, unfortunately, no connection between the illustrations and the letterpress.[2]Vol. viii. No. 27, p. 175et seq.[3]Reprinted in 1872 from theTransactions of the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Literature, Science, and Art. 93 pp. 8vo.[4]Geneva: Grosset et Trembley, 1878, 8vo, 542 pp.[5]Edited by le Bibliophile Jacob, with appendix, frontispiece, 84 wood-engravings, and a Map of Paris in the Fifteenth Century. Paris: E. Dentu, 1884.[6]Paris and Rouen, 1852, 8vo, 131 pp.[7]India proofs have also been struck off, and may be obtained separately, price 1s., from Messrs. Edm. Durrant & Co., Chelmsford.[8]For an explanation of this, and all other heraldic terms hereafter, see the Glossary of such terms, given as an Appendix, at the end.[9]“Supporters,” as explained in the Glossary at the end, are the animals represented as holding up orsupportingthe shields of arms of royal and other distinguished personages. They are referred to in an amusing manner by the inimitably comic Dickens, who, inLittle Dorrit, puts into the mouth of his by no means pleasant character, Flora Finch, the description of them quoted at the head of the following chapter.[10]Historic Devices, Badges, and War Cries, p. 2.[11]Tokens Issued in the Seventeenth Century, &c. By William Boyne, F.S.A. London, 1858.[12]Quarterly: first and fourth, gules; three lions passant guardant in pale, or, for England, &c.[13]These are commonly blazoned as follows, but they belong equally to Middlesex, and in reality no county possesses arms:—Gules, three seaxes proper, hilts and pomels or, points to sinister.[14]Gules; two staves raguly and couped, one in pale surmounted by another in fess, both argent, between two ducal coronets in chief or, and the bottom of the staff enfiled with another of the last.[15]Azure; three lions passant, regardant, in pale or.[16]Azure; three roses, two and one, in base, or; in chief as many lilies, argent, stalked and leaved vert; all within a bordure gules charged with eight plates.[17]Gules; a portcullis with chains pendant, or, nailed and pointed azure.[18]Argent; a cross of St. George; cantoned in the first quarter, a dagger erect, gules.[19]Sable; a chevron or, between three hammers argent, handled of the second, ducally crowned of the last.[20]Gules; on a chevron argent between three pair of barley garbs in saltire or, three tuns sable, hooped of the third.[21]Sable; a chevron between three tuns argent.[22]Gules; a balance between three garbs or; on a chief, a hand supporting the balance, &c.[23]Gules; a demi-virgin couped below the shoulders, issuing from clouds all proper, vested or, crowned with an eastern crown of the last, her hair dishevelled and wreathed around the temples with roses of the second, all within an orle of clouds proper.[24]Azure; on a chevron between three towers argent, a pair of compasses open sable.[25]A landscape, the base variegated with flowers, a man proper, vested round the loins with linen argent, digging with a spade, all of the first.[26]Gules; a chevron between three wheels, or, on a chief argent, an axe lying fessways proper.[27]Azure; a chevron or; in chief a fleur-de-lys argent between two brick axes paleways of the second; in base a bundle of laths of the last.[28]More about Stifford, p. 95.[29]Azure; two slaughter axes indorsed in saltire argent, handled or, between three bulls’ heads couped of the second, two in fess, one in base; on a chief argent, a boar’s head couped, gules, between two block-brushes vert.[30]Argent; a chevron engrailed between three pairs of compasses, extended, sable.[31]Gyronny of eight, gules and sable; on a chevron between three annulets or, a grose between two adzes azure; on a chief vert, three lilies slipped, stalked and leaved argent.[32]Gules; three pairs of swords in saltire argent, hilts and pomels or, two pair in chief and one in base.[33]Barry-wavy of six, argent and azure; on the middle bar a boat, or; on a chief of the second two bars in saltire, of the third, between two cushions of the first, tasselled or.[34]Argent; on a Chevron between three storks gules, as many swans proper.[35]Azure; on a chevron engrailed or, between two plasterers’ hammers and a trowel argent in chief and a flat brush in base, a rose, &c.[36]Per chevron, azure and gules; three covered sprinkling-salts argent.[37]Journal of a very young Lady’s Tour from Canonbury to Aldborough, through Chelmsford, Sudbury, and Ipswich, and back through Harwich, Colchester, &c., September 13-21, 1804. Only 24 copies printed. 16 pp., 8vo.[38]Azure; on a mount in base vert, the tree of paradise environed with the serpent between Adam and Eve, all proper.[39]Per fess, azure and argent; a pale counter-changed; three doves of the last, each holding in the beak an olive-branch or.[40]Quarterly; first and fourth sable; a chevron between three fleams argent; second and third per pale, argent and vert, &c.[41]Argent; a chevron gules between nine cloves sable, three, three and three.[42]Gules; a woolpack argent.[43]Azure; Apollo proper, a bow in left hand and an arrow in the right or, supplanting a serpent argent.[44]Azure; three clouds proper, radiated in base, or each surmounted with a triple crown or.[45]Ermine; on a chief gules, three princes’ crowns composed of crosses pattée and fleurs-de-lys or.[46]Argent; three horseshoes sable, pierced of the field.[47]Sable; a chevron ermine between two habicks in chief argent and a teazle in base, slipped, or.[48]Azure; on a chevron argent between three leopards’ heads, each having in the mouth a shuttle or, as many roses gules, seeded of the third, barbed vert.[49]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. v. p. 77.[50]A once-famous coaching house mentioned by Dickens inPickwick.[51]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 261.[52]Ibid. p. 265.[53]Barry nebulée of six, argent and azure; on a bend gules, a lion passant guardant or.[54]Argent; three lions rampant azure, armed and langued gules. Crest and supporters, the same device in different positions.[55]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., N. S., vol. i. p. 153.[56]Only a single copy is now known to exist of this remarkable production of the effusive Walden poet and would-be wit, Robert Winstanley.[57]It is interesting, too, to note that tokens are still in existence, inscribed “Henry Woodley, 1657, at Newport Pond, H. W.” This, in all probability, was the “Mr. Woo ...” mentioned by Poor Robin.[58]Arms(see p. 34).Crest: On a wreath a Flying Bull argent, wings endorsed or, armed and hoofed of the last, over the head a small circle of glory, proper.Supporters: Two Flying Bulls argent, winged, armed and hoofed or, over each head a small circle of glory, proper.[59]Fifth Series, vol. xii. p. 328.[60]Trans. Essex Archæological Soc., N. S., vol. ii. part iv. p. 335.[61]Seepost.[62]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. ii. p. 128.[63]Azure; a fleece or; on a chief of the last, three mullets of five points of the first.[64]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 267.[65]A mount vert, thereon a ram statant.[66]Argent; a royal tent between two parliament robes gules, lined ermine; on a chief azure, a lion passant guardant or.Crest: On a mount vert, a lamb passant argent, holding a banner of the last, staff proper, on the banner a cross pattée gules within a glory of the third.[67]An elephant argent, armed or, on his back a tower of the first, the trappings, &c., of the second.[68]Azure; a chevron or, between three goats’ heads erased argent.[69]It is worth mention here that in theAccount of the Trials of John Swan and Elizabeth Jeffries, published in 1752, reference is made (p. 10) to a certain “John Mills [who resided] at theWhy not beat Dragon?at Mile End.” This most extraordinary sign, however, is just outside Essex. Larwood and Hotten do not allude to it.[70]On a chapeau gules, turned up ermine, an eagle, wings extended or, preying on an infant in its cradle proper, swaddled gules, the cradle laced gules.[71]Lowestoft, 1867.[72]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 160.[73]Ibid. p. 261.[74]Vide Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., N. S., vol. iii. part i. p. 74.[75]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 79.[76]Three Cocks.[77]Azure; three crowned dolphins in pale between two pairs of crowned lucies saltire; on a chief, three pairs of keys in saltire.[78]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. ii. p. 128.[79]Reprinted inNotes and Queriesfor January 15, 1859.[80]This amusing and curious tract has since been reproduced in facsimile, illustration and all, with an introduction by the author of this work. It may be obtained from Mr. Wm. Masland, Bookseller, of Saffron Walden, price 6d.[81]See a list of many of his effusions, by Mr. H. Ecroyd Smith, inNotes and Queriesfor April 28, 1883 (p. 321).[82]1780, vol. i. p. 355.[83]Vol. iii. p. 109.[84]First Series, vol. x. p. 32.[85]Azure; a chevron, per pale and per chevron, gules and argent counterchanged, between three garbs or; on a chief argent, a St. Julian’s cross sable.[86]The use of the term “Tom and Jerry” has already been mentioned (p. 26).[87]A usurer.[88]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. i. p. 125.[89]Historic Devices, Badges, &c., p. 386.[90]A demi-woman, hair flowing proper, vested gules holding in the dexter hand three roses, slipped and leaved vert.[91]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., N. S., vol. ii. part iv. p. 400.[92]A view of the house is given in Lord Braybrooke’sHistory of Audley End and Walden(p. 153).[93]Quarterly, gules and or; in the first quarter a mullet argent.[94]Palin’sStifford, p. 82.[95]Sable; on a chevron between three castles argent, a pair of compasses of the first.[96]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. ii. p. 128.

FOOTNOTES:

[1]The History of Sign-boards, From the Earliest Times to the Present Day.By Jacob Larwood and John Camden Hotten. London, 1867. In this otherwise excellent work there is, unfortunately, no connection between the illustrations and the letterpress.

[2]Vol. viii. No. 27, p. 175et seq.

[3]Reprinted in 1872 from theTransactions of the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Literature, Science, and Art. 93 pp. 8vo.

[4]Geneva: Grosset et Trembley, 1878, 8vo, 542 pp.

[5]Edited by le Bibliophile Jacob, with appendix, frontispiece, 84 wood-engravings, and a Map of Paris in the Fifteenth Century. Paris: E. Dentu, 1884.

[6]Paris and Rouen, 1852, 8vo, 131 pp.

[7]India proofs have also been struck off, and may be obtained separately, price 1s., from Messrs. Edm. Durrant & Co., Chelmsford.

[8]For an explanation of this, and all other heraldic terms hereafter, see the Glossary of such terms, given as an Appendix, at the end.

[9]“Supporters,” as explained in the Glossary at the end, are the animals represented as holding up orsupportingthe shields of arms of royal and other distinguished personages. They are referred to in an amusing manner by the inimitably comic Dickens, who, inLittle Dorrit, puts into the mouth of his by no means pleasant character, Flora Finch, the description of them quoted at the head of the following chapter.

[10]Historic Devices, Badges, and War Cries, p. 2.

[11]Tokens Issued in the Seventeenth Century, &c. By William Boyne, F.S.A. London, 1858.

[12]Quarterly: first and fourth, gules; three lions passant guardant in pale, or, for England, &c.

[13]These are commonly blazoned as follows, but they belong equally to Middlesex, and in reality no county possesses arms:—Gules, three seaxes proper, hilts and pomels or, points to sinister.

[14]Gules; two staves raguly and couped, one in pale surmounted by another in fess, both argent, between two ducal coronets in chief or, and the bottom of the staff enfiled with another of the last.

[15]Azure; three lions passant, regardant, in pale or.

[16]Azure; three roses, two and one, in base, or; in chief as many lilies, argent, stalked and leaved vert; all within a bordure gules charged with eight plates.

[17]Gules; a portcullis with chains pendant, or, nailed and pointed azure.

[18]Argent; a cross of St. George; cantoned in the first quarter, a dagger erect, gules.

[19]Sable; a chevron or, between three hammers argent, handled of the second, ducally crowned of the last.

[20]Gules; on a chevron argent between three pair of barley garbs in saltire or, three tuns sable, hooped of the third.

[21]Sable; a chevron between three tuns argent.

[22]Gules; a balance between three garbs or; on a chief, a hand supporting the balance, &c.

[23]Gules; a demi-virgin couped below the shoulders, issuing from clouds all proper, vested or, crowned with an eastern crown of the last, her hair dishevelled and wreathed around the temples with roses of the second, all within an orle of clouds proper.

[24]Azure; on a chevron between three towers argent, a pair of compasses open sable.

[25]A landscape, the base variegated with flowers, a man proper, vested round the loins with linen argent, digging with a spade, all of the first.

[26]Gules; a chevron between three wheels, or, on a chief argent, an axe lying fessways proper.

[27]Azure; a chevron or; in chief a fleur-de-lys argent between two brick axes paleways of the second; in base a bundle of laths of the last.

[28]More about Stifford, p. 95.

[29]Azure; two slaughter axes indorsed in saltire argent, handled or, between three bulls’ heads couped of the second, two in fess, one in base; on a chief argent, a boar’s head couped, gules, between two block-brushes vert.

[30]Argent; a chevron engrailed between three pairs of compasses, extended, sable.

[31]Gyronny of eight, gules and sable; on a chevron between three annulets or, a grose between two adzes azure; on a chief vert, three lilies slipped, stalked and leaved argent.

[32]Gules; three pairs of swords in saltire argent, hilts and pomels or, two pair in chief and one in base.

[33]Barry-wavy of six, argent and azure; on the middle bar a boat, or; on a chief of the second two bars in saltire, of the third, between two cushions of the first, tasselled or.

[34]Argent; on a Chevron between three storks gules, as many swans proper.

[35]Azure; on a chevron engrailed or, between two plasterers’ hammers and a trowel argent in chief and a flat brush in base, a rose, &c.

[36]Per chevron, azure and gules; three covered sprinkling-salts argent.

[37]Journal of a very young Lady’s Tour from Canonbury to Aldborough, through Chelmsford, Sudbury, and Ipswich, and back through Harwich, Colchester, &c., September 13-21, 1804. Only 24 copies printed. 16 pp., 8vo.

[38]Azure; on a mount in base vert, the tree of paradise environed with the serpent between Adam and Eve, all proper.

[39]Per fess, azure and argent; a pale counter-changed; three doves of the last, each holding in the beak an olive-branch or.

[40]Quarterly; first and fourth sable; a chevron between three fleams argent; second and third per pale, argent and vert, &c.

[41]Argent; a chevron gules between nine cloves sable, three, three and three.

[42]Gules; a woolpack argent.

[43]Azure; Apollo proper, a bow in left hand and an arrow in the right or, supplanting a serpent argent.

[44]Azure; three clouds proper, radiated in base, or each surmounted with a triple crown or.

[45]Ermine; on a chief gules, three princes’ crowns composed of crosses pattée and fleurs-de-lys or.

[46]Argent; three horseshoes sable, pierced of the field.

[47]Sable; a chevron ermine between two habicks in chief argent and a teazle in base, slipped, or.

[48]Azure; on a chevron argent between three leopards’ heads, each having in the mouth a shuttle or, as many roses gules, seeded of the third, barbed vert.

[49]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. v. p. 77.

[50]A once-famous coaching house mentioned by Dickens inPickwick.

[51]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 261.

[52]Ibid. p. 265.

[53]Barry nebulée of six, argent and azure; on a bend gules, a lion passant guardant or.

[54]Argent; three lions rampant azure, armed and langued gules. Crest and supporters, the same device in different positions.

[55]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., N. S., vol. i. p. 153.

[56]Only a single copy is now known to exist of this remarkable production of the effusive Walden poet and would-be wit, Robert Winstanley.

[57]It is interesting, too, to note that tokens are still in existence, inscribed “Henry Woodley, 1657, at Newport Pond, H. W.” This, in all probability, was the “Mr. Woo ...” mentioned by Poor Robin.

[58]Arms(see p. 34).Crest: On a wreath a Flying Bull argent, wings endorsed or, armed and hoofed of the last, over the head a small circle of glory, proper.Supporters: Two Flying Bulls argent, winged, armed and hoofed or, over each head a small circle of glory, proper.

[59]Fifth Series, vol. xii. p. 328.

[60]Trans. Essex Archæological Soc., N. S., vol. ii. part iv. p. 335.

[61]Seepost.

[62]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. ii. p. 128.

[63]Azure; a fleece or; on a chief of the last, three mullets of five points of the first.

[64]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 267.

[65]A mount vert, thereon a ram statant.

[66]Argent; a royal tent between two parliament robes gules, lined ermine; on a chief azure, a lion passant guardant or.Crest: On a mount vert, a lamb passant argent, holding a banner of the last, staff proper, on the banner a cross pattée gules within a glory of the third.

[67]An elephant argent, armed or, on his back a tower of the first, the trappings, &c., of the second.

[68]Azure; a chevron or, between three goats’ heads erased argent.

[69]It is worth mention here that in theAccount of the Trials of John Swan and Elizabeth Jeffries, published in 1752, reference is made (p. 10) to a certain “John Mills [who resided] at theWhy not beat Dragon?at Mile End.” This most extraordinary sign, however, is just outside Essex. Larwood and Hotten do not allude to it.

[70]On a chapeau gules, turned up ermine, an eagle, wings extended or, preying on an infant in its cradle proper, swaddled gules, the cradle laced gules.

[71]Lowestoft, 1867.

[72]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 160.

[73]Ibid. p. 261.

[74]Vide Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., N. S., vol. iii. part i. p. 74.

[75]Dale’sAnnals of Coggeshall, p. 79.

[76]Three Cocks.

[77]Azure; three crowned dolphins in pale between two pairs of crowned lucies saltire; on a chief, three pairs of keys in saltire.

[78]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. ii. p. 128.

[79]Reprinted inNotes and Queriesfor January 15, 1859.

[80]This amusing and curious tract has since been reproduced in facsimile, illustration and all, with an introduction by the author of this work. It may be obtained from Mr. Wm. Masland, Bookseller, of Saffron Walden, price 6d.

[81]See a list of many of his effusions, by Mr. H. Ecroyd Smith, inNotes and Queriesfor April 28, 1883 (p. 321).

[82]1780, vol. i. p. 355.

[83]Vol. iii. p. 109.

[84]First Series, vol. x. p. 32.

[85]Azure; a chevron, per pale and per chevron, gules and argent counterchanged, between three garbs or; on a chief argent, a St. Julian’s cross sable.

[86]The use of the term “Tom and Jerry” has already been mentioned (p. 26).

[87]A usurer.

[88]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. i. p. 125.

[89]Historic Devices, Badges, &c., p. 386.

[90]A demi-woman, hair flowing proper, vested gules holding in the dexter hand three roses, slipped and leaved vert.

[91]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., N. S., vol. ii. part iv. p. 400.

[92]A view of the house is given in Lord Braybrooke’sHistory of Audley End and Walden(p. 153).

[93]Quarterly, gules and or; in the first quarter a mullet argent.

[94]Palin’sStifford, p. 82.

[95]Sable; on a chevron between three castles argent, a pair of compasses of the first.

[96]Trans. Essex Arch. Soc., vol. ii. p. 128.

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