main authorities
The Bible.English Authorized Version of 1611.The Talmud.Babylonian Recension, translated into English by Michael L. Rodkinson. New Talmud Publishing Company, New York, 1896.The Mishna.Edition of Surenhusius. Amsterdam, 1698-1703. Consulted by the author in the Astor Library, New York City.
minor authorities
Abbott.Jesus of Nazareth, by Lyman Abbott. Harper Brothers, New York, 1882.Andrews.The Life of Our Lord, by Samuel J. Andrews. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1906.Baring-Gould.Curious Myths of the Middle Ages, by S. Baring-Gould. Roberts Brothers, Boston, 1880.Baur.The Church History of the First Three Centuries, by F. C. Baur. Translated from German by A. Mendies. London, 1878.Benny.The Criminal Code of the Jews, by Philip Berger Benny. Smith, Elder & Company, London, 1880.Blackstone.Commentaries on the Laws of England, by Sir William Blackstone. Edited and annotated by Thomas M. Cooley. Callaghan & Company, Chicago, 1884.Cicero.M. Tullii Ciceronis orationes. Whittaker & Company, London, 1855.Deutsch.The Talmud, by Emanuel Deutsch. The Jewish Publication Society of America, Philadelphia, 1896.Döllinger.The Gentile and the Jew, by John J. I. Döllinger. Two volumes. Gibbings & Company, London, 1906.Edersheim.The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah, by Alfred Edersheim. Two volumes. Longmans, Green & Company, New York, 1905.Farrar.The Life of Christ, by Frederic W. Farrar. E. P. Dutton & Company, New York, 1883.Fisher.The Beginnings of Christianity, by George P. Fisher. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1906.Geib.Geschichte des römischen Criminalprocesses, von Dr. Gustav Geib. Weidmann'sche Buchhandlung. Leipzig, 1842.Geikie.The Life and Words of Christ, by Cunningham Geikie. Two volumes. Henry S. King & Company. London, 1877.Gibbon.The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, by Edward Gibbon. With notes by Rev. H. H. Milman.Phillips, Sampson & Company, Boston, 1853.Graetz.History of the Jews, by Heinrich Graetz. Six volumes. The Jewish Publication Society of America, Philadelphia, 1891.Greenleaf.The Testimony of the Evangelists, by Simon Greenleaf. Soney & Sage, Newark, N. J., 1903.Greenidge.The Legal Procedure of Cicero's Time, by A. H. J. Greenidge. Stevens & Sons, London, 1901.Harnack.Reden und Aufsätze, von Adolf Harnack. J. Ricker'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Giessen, 1904.Higgins.Anacalypsis: An Enquiry into the Origin of Languages, Nations and Religions, by Godfrey Higgins. Longman, Brown & Longman, London, 1827.Hodge.Systematic Theology, by Charles Hodge. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1892.Innes.The Trial of Jesus Christ, by A. Taylor Innes. T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1905.Josephus.The Works of Flavius Josephus, Whiston's Translation.Jost.Geschichte des Judenthums, von I. M. Jost. Dörffling und Francke, Leipzig, 1857.Juvenal.The Satires of Juvenal. George Bell & Sons, London, 1904.Keim.Jesus of Nazara, by Theodor Keim. Six volumes. Williams & Norgate, London, 1883.Lardner.Works of Nathaniel Lardner. Ten volumes. William Ball, London, 1838.Lémann.Valeur de l'assemblée qui prononça la peine de mort contre Jésus-Christ, par MM. Lémann. Translated from the French into English under the title "Jesus Before the Sanhedrin," by Prof. Julius Magath, of Oxford, Ga., in 1899.Livy.The History of Rome, by Titus Livius. George Bell & Sons, London, 1906.Loisy.Les Évangiles Synoptiques, par Alfred Loisy. Librairie Fishbacher, Paris, 1907.Mendelsohn.The Criminal Jurisprudence of the Ancient Hebrews, by S. Mendelsohn. M. Curlander, Baltimore, 1891.Mommsen.The Provinces of the Roman Empire, by Theodor Mommsen. Two volumes. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1899.Montesquieu.De l'Esprit Des Lois, par Montesquieu. Garnier Frères, Paris, 1905.Paley.Evidences of Christianity, by William Paley. The Religious Tract Society, London, 1794.Rabbinowicz.Législation Criminelle du Talmud, par I. J. M. Rabbinowicz. Chez l'auteur, Paris, 1876.Renan.Histoire des origines du christianisme, par Joseph Ernest Renan. Paris, 1863. Livres 1-6: 1. Vie de Jésus. 2. Les apôtres. 3. Saint Paul. 4. L'Antichrist. 5. Les évangiles et la seconde génération chrétienne. 6. L'église chrétienne.Rosadi.The Trial of Jesus by Giovanni Rosadi. Dodd, Mead & Company, New York, 1905.Salvador.Histoire des Institutions de Moïse, par J. Salvador. Michel Lévy-Frères, Paris, 1862.Schürer.The Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ, by Emil Schürer. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1906.Stephen.Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, by James Fitzjames Stephen. Henry Holt & Company, New York, 1873.Suetonius.The Lives of the Twelve Cæsars, by C. Suetonius Tranquillus. George Bell & Sons, London, 1906.Tacitus.The Works of Tacitus. American Book Company, New York, 1904.Wise.The Martyrdom of Jesus, by Isaac M. Wise. The Bloch Publishing and Printing Company, Cincinnati & Chicago, 1888.
In addition to the above, many other authorities have been consulted in the preparation of the two volumes of this work. Quotations from them are frequently found in the text, and citations are given in the notes. The author, in closing the article, entitled "Bibliography," wishes to express his sense of great indebtedness and appreciation to the numerous very valuable encyclopedias that adorn the shelves of the various libraries of New York City; and especially to The Jewish Encyclopedia, published by Funk & Wagnalls, New York and London, 1901.