climate of, i.45
Varsina river, the, i.
66
Varthema, Luduvico de, ii.
438
Vasa Murrhina, ii.
236n
Vaygats Island, i.
77
,
93
;
discovered, i.215;
visited by Pet, i.228
Veer, Gerrit de, i.
101
;
his book, i.245;
Vega, the, purchased, i.8;
description of, i.9;
equipment of, i.11;
position when frozen in, i.468;
action of cold on, i.466;
prepared for wintering, i.469;
repaired, ii.396;
sold, ii.463
Vessels, Norse, i.
50
;
Russian, on the Polar sea, i.219
Vlamingh, i.
258
Volcanic dust in Scandinavia, i.
330
Volcanoes, ii.
249
Vulpes lagopus
, see
Fox, Arctic
——
vulgaris
, see
Fox, common
W
Waern, C. F., i.
5
Waldburg-Zeil, Count, i.
205
Walden Island, i.
112
Walrus, i.
152
Walton, Lieut., ii.
198
Wax tree, the Japanese, ii.
389
Waxel, Lieut, ii.
197
Weasel, ii.
46
Werchojansk, i.
411
Werkon, the river, ii.
202
Weyprecht, i.
266
Whales, on the coast of Norway, i.
49
;
scarce at Novaya Zemlya, i,168;
fear of, in ancient times, i.169;
with European harpoons, found in the Pacific, i.264
Whale bones on Spitzbergen, i.
168
;
sub-fossil at Pitlekaj, i.520;
used is building materials, ii.223;
at St. Lawrence Island, ii.253
Whale-fishing, described by Albertus Magnus, i.
159n
;
at Spitzbergen, i.168
Whale
mummy
at Pitlekaj, i.
523
White-fronted goose, i.
124
White Island,
see
Beli Ostrov
White Sea, the, i.
215
White whale, the, i.
79
,
167
Widmark, H. A., ii.
35
Wiemut, Julian, ii.
294
Wiggins, J., i.
311
,
312
;
portrait, i.313
Wilkoffski, ii.
238
Willoughby, Sir Hugh, i.
13
,
58
; portrait, i.
59
Willoughby's, Land, i.
62
Wilui river, the, i.
406
Wood, Captain, i.
260
Wosnessenski, conservator, ii.
276
Wrangel, Ferdinand von, i.
23
,
265
,
446
;
journeys, ii.209;
portrait, ii.208
Wrangel Land, i.
23
,
26
,
448
; ii.
171n
,
202
,
209
;
landing on, i.448
Wrestlers, Japanese, ii.
339
Wulfstan's travels, i.
50
Y
Yakovieva, i.
316
Yakuts, i.
384
; ii.
161
Yakutsk, i.
19
,
22
,
26
,
370
,
371
; ii.
187
,
190
,
193
Yalmal, exclusion to, i.
201
;
visited in 1875, i.205;
population i.204;
origin of the name, i.203;
old accounts of, i.204;
surveyed, ii.185
Yana River, the, i.
418n
Yanimoto, ii.
366
Yefremov Kamen, i.
376
Yekargauls, i.
498
Yelmert, i.
203
Yelmert Land, i.
203
Yenisej, the, voyages of the
Fraser
and the
Empress
, up, i.
357
;
ascent of, in 1875, i.387;
river territory, i.372;
navigable, i.373;
its banks, i.377;
vegetation on, i.381;
steamers on, i.394;
discovered, ii.160;
Russian navigation on, in former times, i.243;
Russian sea, expeditions to, ii.185;
Minin's voyages on, ii.186;
later voyages to, i.311
Yenisej, mouth of the, map of, i.
192
;
formerly inhabited, i.193;
winter at, i.209
Yettugin, ii.
29
,
67
,
125
Yii gate, the, ii.
399
Yinretlen, i.
485
Ymer
(steamer), i.
1
,
9n
,
312
,
358
Yokohama, ii.
296
;
arrival at, ii.295;
departure from, ii.364
Yokosuka, ii.
396
Yoldia Artica
, i.
199
Young, Sir Allen, ii.
451
Yugor Schar, i.
14
;
expedition passes, i.171;
rules for sailing through, i.172;
harbours in, i.174;
origin of the name, i.172;
Pet did not sail through, i.228;
map of, i.242
Yukagires, ii.
75
Yukagir dwellings, remains of, on the New Siberian Islands, ii.
209
Z
Zaritza
(steamer), i.
360
Zeno, i.
53
Ziegler's map of the north, i.
53
Zivolka, A. K., i.
282
;
portrait, i.284